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PRE..INTERMEDIATE
Contents -. •.• rA
I
••1
Subject and object questions Recycling Present Simple & Past SimpIe Question words
City adjectives Compound nouns The Real Thing
Past SimpIe and Past Continuous used to Recycling Past Simple
Describing people Relationship verbs The Real Thing
Present Perfect
J obs
for & since
Job adjectives The Real Thing
, Present perfect + yet '1Recycling
a bit (ai] ...
-ish
you see / let me see
....Present Perfect & Past Simple
Article about meeting partners Questionnaire about friendship Short text about Priends
Web page about job candidates Quiz about stress Article about the 'rat race' Sh t' b d ~ d or JO a vens an
..'
~Flashback 1, page 32
Person and city profiles Newspaper article about London Promotional texts
I !'
.. and don'tofhave to Modals obligation: mustn't Recycling
Sports equipment sports ... and places Attributes for sport
Umbro Articleabout and star Biography of Nike a sports
'. .1 .'•.
can / can't have to, must have / mustn't to / don't
The so, such Real Thing
Article emblemsabout Olympicl
1.•
will and going to might
Holiday items TraveI collocations Hotel room facilities
TraveI itinerary Article about gap years Holiday e-mails
Recycling going to for intentions
The Real Thing 50 do I / Nor do I
(not) as ... as
more /less / fewer + noun + than the most /least + noun
First conditional Recycling should
Comparatives and superlatives
2
!
Fast food Recipe words TheReal Thing far / by far
Quiz about junk food Article about chocolate Synopsis of a TV programme
1.•...
l
Contents
Interviewing a partner Describing your city Talking about films and famous cities
Describing how a city has changed Describing famous cities Song: New York, New York
Describing partners Discussing physical appearance Talking about best friends Talking about how peoplemeet each other Describing personal changes
T
r 1
A short text about a classmate 'Sell your town' an advert A love story from picture prompts A soap opera
Word stress
Classroom language
Chatting up
IJI
WORKBOOK
Writing stories IdSI
A job interview
and IUI Connected speech
Joining a gym
A job application letter
IjI
Poster presentation
InI
and
Hypothesising about jobs Discussing stressful situations Discussing job interviews
Describing jobs Discussing choices Job interviews
Discussing favourite sports Discussing celebrity endorsements
Talking about favourite sports Descriptions of various sports A TV advert discussion
Discussing holidays Talking about gap years Practising making decisions
Talking about holiday preparations Describing gap year plans People making decisions
A holiday e-mail
Contractions with wil1: /li Booking a hotel
Talking about diet
Talking about fast food Interview with a Talking Listening to a reCipe
A recipe
lu:1
WORKBOOK
Writing about an interest
WORKBOOK
Writing about your opinions
and lul Food
Ordering food
Money collocations Passive voice - present and make and do past Present Perfect for recent The Real Thing events (withjust and a1ready) suppase / guess Recycling Present Perfect
Questionaire about money Company histories Text about antiglobalisation
Past Perfect
The press
Recycling Passive voice Past tenses
see, watch, 100k at
Biographical texts Short newspaper articles
I
I
The Real Thing
Second conditional Reported statements Recycling First conditional
don't you think? isn't he?
Report of a survey on gossip
Gadgets Time verbs The Internet Machine nouns and verbs The Real Thing
Article about attitudes to technology Quiz about mobile phones
Na way!
Flashback 3, page 88 Adverbs Relative pronouns: who, which, that, where
Foreign words The Real Thing kind of / 10ads af / abaut
Article about Spanglish Artide about languages Advert for a language course
Clothes nouns and adjectives Street styles The Real Thing
Short descriptions of people's clothes Personality colour quiz Questionaire about fashion
Recycling Adverbs
-ing form Adjective order The infinitive
sturf
Definite and zero article speculation: cou1d, might, may, must, can't
Recycling Future structures
Flashback 4, page Communication
Forms of transport get + preposition -ed / -ing adjectives The Real Thing actuaIIy, to be honest, in fact
Article about cars Artide about protesters Nove! extract Description of future homes
776
Bank page
778
Irregular verb list page 126
Phonetic chart page 727
net nd nes
Wri~i~~{,"r -,:-~
: .::"';"'~t-:t:.~~<é{}7:~~"t "h,:'"'>
Discussing market leaders and globalisation Analysing and describing adverts
I
Describing spending habits
An aclvert
and
IDI
IAI
Apologies and excuses
A live news report Dlscussing adverts
Talking about Song: I life heard Discussing celebrities date conversatíon a conversatíons Ihl 'dA and ']] WORKBOOK Problems with machines favourite website Anews story A profile of aabout film star Giving instructions paparazzo' Teenagers talking Talking aboutcelebrities 'A day in the ofabout aÍtthrough Gossipy conversatíons Defining gossip larl Mobile phone Talking about time technology paparazzi
Gossiping
the , grapevÍne
Telephoning business 01' pleasure?
r
r j
, •
l t
I
II
I
Discussing life abroad Analysing small talk Asking and answering quiz questions Discussing classroom rules
Anecdotes about life as an expat Snippets of small talk People persuading a friend to learn a language
Talking about changes ofimage Describing personality Talking about fashion
Describing fashion style A favourite item of clothing Talking about favourite music Talking about dressing up
Writíng sentences about changes of look A description of an item of clothing A class survey
IJI
.Discussing pros and cons of cars
Talking about transport Discussing protesters Disc:ussing fue future Discussing buildings Song: DrÍvÍng Ín my cal'
Adiary
Iju:1
I Preparing a speech Making predictions about the future Discussing buildings
Quiz questíons
and Ik/
ItJI
Giving advice
WORKBOOK
Writing about advantages and disadvantages
WORKBOOK
Writing a letter to a newspaper
and
131
and
I AI
Clothes shopping
Future plans
The concrete jungle • Present Simple & Past Sirnple • Questions
rvíy
• City adJectíves
• \ilJord stress
• Cornpound
• Classrooill
Ilouns
language
tOvV11
?peaki!}g & Reading~ 1 Answer the questions.
1 Where are you from? 2 Do you like cities? 3 Do you live in the place where you were bom? If noI, why did you move? Z Read the profiles. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? If false, explain why.
1 Everybody's parents have different nationalities.
f - \Z-af>nia'f>pare.ntf> are. botn
2 3 4 5 3
from
Inaia.
Everybody likes cities. Linda likes heI' job. Carolina is the most positive about heI' city. Rashid was born in Bombay.
Complete these sentences with the correct name.
1 2 3
doesn't work. can speak the most languages. thinks that the city helps him / heI' to be creative.
Carolina Hi, I'm Carolina and I'm 21 years old. I live in Berlin, but I was born in the south of Italy. We moved here fram Italy when I was 14 because of my father's work. I'm half German, half Italian. I started working in the family business a few years ago - we have a jewellers' shop. I work in the shop every afternoon except Sundays, but it's a bit boring. The city is OK but I never have time to enjoy it everything is so hectic. I often miss Italy.
The concrete jungle Vocabul~EY
~__
1 Underline
City adjectives
a) positive
the adjectives in the texts on page 6. Which are:
b) negative
c) neutral?
Doring - ncgàtivc 2
Are these adjectives positive or negative in your opinion?
G
cosmopolitan sophisticated
3
~anguag~Jgcus Present Simple and Past Simple
_
crowded stressful
dirty touristy
dynamic noisy polluted ugly varied welcoming)
~
Which of the adjectives could you use to descríbe your city or town?
1 Circle the verbs in the texts on page 6. Are they in the Present Simple ar Past Simple tense? ,2
M Listen and complete
the profile with verbs in the Present Simple ar Past Simple.
Rita Hi there, I'm Rita. I famiIy We 4
2
I\'1M,
DorQ in Jamaica, but Iniy
to Paris when I 3 two years old. our own business a few years ago and it's
going very welL I 5 Paris because there 6 so much to do and see. It's impossible to get bored. The only probIem is everything 7 a fortune.
_
Which sentences are in the Present Simple / Past Simple tenses?
1 I study architecture. 2 I worked as a secretary. 3 I work in the shop everyafternoon. 4 We moved to Italy. Which sentence talks about ...
... a present routine? ... a present truth / fact?
a past state? a past action?
Turn each of the sentences into a negative
1
I didn't
f>tud'l arGYlitu.ture.
Turn each of the sentences into a question
1
Did '10u i\tud'l arc.llite.c.ture? See Reference
Practice
Guide, pp.
2-3.
See Workbook,
pp.
3-4,
exs 1-4.
Are these sentences true (T) or false (F) for you and where you live? If false, make the sentences true.
1 Most people work from 9am to 5pm.
f - MOi\t pe-op\e- don't
2 3 4 5 6
Speaking &
Writi~
'\
work from
qam to 'Spm. me'l
work from qam to lpm.
The streets are often very noisy. Eating out is expensive. Most people traveI around by caro My parents were born here. I liked the city more when I was a child.
1 Interview your partner
using these prompts.
1 What / name? Wllat'f> '10ur name? 4 Where / bom? 2 How / old? 5 When / arrive / (place)? 3 What / do? 6 Do / Iike / the city? Why / Why not? 2 Write a short text about your partner from memory. Then swap texts with your partner. Is the text about him / her correct?
Et1111ic COlTIlTIUnities ~peaking & Reading 1 Look at these pictures. Are they typically Why / Why not? 2
Make a list of ten nationalities living in London.
English images?
that you would expect to find
:3 Work in pairs. Read the magazine article about London. <1 Student A: Turn to page 118. Student B: Turn to page 120.
Discuss these questions.
<;:
1 Did anything in the article surprise you? 2 Do you live in a multiculturaJ area? \,Vhat different nationalities live in your town / city?
ELTING
A India
PDI
Most people from India arrived in London in the 1950s and 60s. Now there is a strong Asian presence here you know that London is in the shops, rnarkets and, of the most multicultural of course, the restaurants. cities in the world? Here, there .. In fact, curry is Britain's favourite takeaway nleal. are about 300 different cultures == UIII A typical family has a curry living side by side. Forget tea:= every two weeks, either and sandwiches, now it is more == ••• delivered or bought readycommon for a Londoner to made from the supermarket. Indian people live ali over drink cappuccino for breakfas~, London. Southali, in the far and eat Thai food for lunch in west of the city, is one of the local pub. Let's see how life many places weU known for its Indian culture. has changed in Britain's capital.
F· CULTURES
=
B Poland This community represents more than 1% of the UK's total population and is growing rapidly. In London, many Polish people live in the Hammersmith area, in the west of the city. Here, there are several Catholic churches, and delicatessens which seU the country's specialities such as beetroot soup (barszcz) or Polish cakes and snacks. Were they right to come? Young Poles say they can easily earn three times as nluch money here as at home, where unem.ployment ren1.ains high.
The concrete jungle Langu~fºgJ-'?
.
_
Subject and object questions
Questions
Subject questions
RashTc11ives in London.---1ifiJlO lives in London?
Yes / No questions
subject
Look at the examples from the Speaking and Reading section and complete the gaps.
Object questions
.......... _ they typically English images? .................... they right to come? In questions with the verb _ J we put the subject afteL the verbo .................... you live in a multicultural area? .................... anything in the artic1esurprise you? We use the auxiliaries and does in Present Simple questions, and in Past Simple questions. These go l;?efore the subject_ Question
When
to earn money
What Where Who \
in Hammersmith a11 night the Chinese seamen ~
yams rice in the and 1950s and60s by eating in Chinese restaurants every two weeks
Complete the gaps below with question words. Read the texts again and answer your questions.
.......... _...._.. does the Notting Hill Carnivaltake place? (time) .................. arrived in London in the 1990s? (people) .......... _ typical Polish food can you buy in London?
/{
Rashid lives in Lóillion. object
~re
does Rashid live?
object
In object questions, where does the auxiliary verb go? Find a subject and an object question from the article on pages 8-9 . See Reterence Guide, p. 3. See Workbook, pp. 4, exs 5-1
Practice ----
words
Match the question words used in the speaking task with their contexts:
How How often Why How long
subject
Does the word order change in subject questions?
1 Make questions from the prompts_
1 2 3 4 2
Who / live / with? Wno do What / languages / speak? What / do / yesterday? Who / arrive / late / today?
~ou \ivt witn?
Which are subject questions7
:1 Work in pairs. Ask each other the questions. Report the answers to the class_ fabio
\ivts
withhis
parwts
and his sisttr
Adriana.
Add three more 'Who ...?' questions. Find someone in the class who can answer 'yes' to ali of them . Wno pla,!s an instrumtnt?
C West Africa
D China
E The Caribbean
West Africans - mainly fram Ghana and Nigeria have brought a wealth of languages, music and culture to the British capital. Many London markets sell their traclitional foods like yams and different types of rice. A lot of Nigerians live in the south-east London area, in suburbs like Deptford.
Chinese people first carne to Britain in 1885. The first arrivals were mostly seamen who worked on steamships. In the 1950s, many Chinese people settled in the central Soho area of London. This area is called Chinatown. Here, you can experience ataste of China by eating in London's best Chinese restaurants and shopping for Chinese vegetables, herbal medicines and gifts.
During the 1950s, people from the Caribbean islands arrived in London to start a new life. Their reggae music, steel drums and culture are ali now part of the capital's atmosphere, especialiy during the Notting Hill Carnival, Europe's largest and lllost vibrant street party. When does it take place? You can catch it every year at the end of August. One of the centres of the Caribbean comnlunity is in Brixton, in the south of London.
Who says that living in a foreign land can't be fun? The Brazilians certainly In fact, there are bars and restaurants in the Bayswater area where you can Portuguese alI night longo The exodus to the UK started in the 1990s when and look for worl<. Nowadays, a caipirinha is as easy to find in the capital's
make London a livelier place. dance samba and listen to young Brazilians carne to study bars as a gin and tonic.
:;: Which words from the Vocabulary section does Jacquie mention?
nC!tJrlS Match a word in column A with a word in column B to form compound
nouns.
L How has your town ar city changed over the past five years?
B f) jam eentre park b) a) store bloek e) d) road h) g) estate
tower industrial theme traffie A ring shopping department sports
The Real Thing:
a bit (of)
ou
M
1
Listen to these extracts. How many times do vou hear the phrase a bit?
2
Complete the gaps.
a bit a bit of a a bit ,c
Match the compound
nouns to images a-h
". Which of these things does your town
01'
To soften opinion, we can use a bit to modify adjectives and a bit of a to modify nouns. A bit and a bit of a ... are often used with
city have?
negative words.
LJstenil]g. __ ~
~
~_~
M
~_
Listen to Jacquie talking about life in London now and five years ago. Tick the things she talks about.
1 offiees 2 traffie./ 3 restaurants and bars
4 nightclubs 5 shops 6 flats
2. Listen again. What has changed? Which changes are:
a}positive?
b} negative?
more- G3r5 3nc\ traffic. jam5
- ne.gative.
3
M
Listen and complete
the gaps. Where do
vou think the speakers are?
1 No. It's a bit _ 2 Sorry, she's a bit _. 3 It's a bit af a
.
4 What do vou like / dislike about your city? Try to use a bit in vou!" answers. War\\2\w'\\
2\
bit
c.row"e-c\.
Listening~
~
~
~__
Which city in the world would vou most like to visit? Which would vou least like to visit? Why? 2: ií.5) Listen to Imogen, David, Frank and Laura. What cities are they describing? What words helped vou decide? Match the photos (a-d) with the cities. 5:
~peaking..,
_
Work in pairs. Think of a city. Describe where vou are. Include a building, a famous landmark and the weather in your description. Your partner has to guess the city. A: l'm in a big 5Cjuare-. I c.an mani diffe-re-nt B: Mo\'>c-ow?
\'>e-e-
a c.atDe-oral
witD towe.r5
of
c.olour\'>. \t' \'> ve-~ c.olo. WDe-re- 21m I?
A: T\1at' \'> rigDtl
Listen again. Which speakers are:
Pronunciation
1 in the city now? 2 going to visit the city in the future? 3 talking about a visit in the past?
\Nord stress
M
Listen to these extracts. Write down the adjectives
vou hear. live-1i -f;
Which of these adjectives does each person use?
r:-
beautiful crowded difficult exotic ~ \ friendly helpful impossible incredible \~resting -Hve±y- nice sophisticated lmoge-n
- \ive-\i
2
Listen again and indicate the stress in each adjective. \ive-\i
.::;, Put them in the correct column below. Which adjective does not fit in the table?
~ What does each person think of the city?
Group 2 -
M
Listen and check.
000
~~§-ªkit:lR
.
_
Work in groups. Match the film titles (1-6) with the cities where they are set (a-O. Look at the film posters for clues.
a) Rio de Janeiro b)London c) Tokyo d) Los Angeles e) Berlin f) Paris
1 2 3 4
]Y[oulin Rouge City of God Crash The Lives of Others 5 Lost in Tz-anslation 6 lVIatch Point
What do vou know I would like Vou to know about these films?
Read the opening lines of the movie Crash:
'It's the sense of touch. In any real city,you walk, you know? Youbrush past people, people bump into you. In L.A.,nobody touches you. We're always behind this metal and glass. I think we miss that touch so much, that we crash into each other, just so we can feel something.' What does this say about Los Angeles? Do vou think it could apply to Tokyo? Why I Why not? Which of these words and phrases might vou assoeiate with:
a) Tokyo b) Los Angeles c) both? beaches--businesstemples subway -lonely-' corruption sushi glamour crime dangerous 'parad!~~_'?_I"l.."a_r_tl1~ expensive gardens ~ Read the descriptionsbelow. to deseribe each city?
Whieh words from Exercíse 2 are used
Find examples of the following Positive words
Imperatives
beautifu\
'1wrk nard
in the texts: Exaggeratíon
.
paradi5e on eartn
Negatíve words
nigntmare
Lost in TI~an5lation Welcome to Tokyo - business capital of the world. Work hard and play hard. Enjoy the world's best sushi restaurants and most modern shopping malls. Then, there's Japan's traditional culture to discover: beautiful temples, gardens and monasteries. The most exotic and exciting place on earth! But that's only half the story. If you don't speak Japanese, it can be hard to integrate, The streets are packed, there are tower blocks and traffic jams, and the subway at rush hour is a nightmare. No one nas time for you. Life is expensive. Wl1en things get lost in tl'anslation, Tokyo can be a !onely and alienating placl:!.
12
I
The concrete jungle WIj!ing
I ~~
_
Sell your tovvn
I
Write an advert for a city / town. Look at the table on page 12 and add expressions to describe the town vou have chosen. -PMitive- word
2
-
dinamic.
Now write the advert. Complete the gaps. Come- to -Pisa, the- most dinamic.
__
(imperative)
__ __
to __
plac.e. in Ita\i!
(your city / town), the most __
(country)I There are hundreds of __ (place) and __
(noun) to
(place), and then __
(adjective) place in (verb). You can visit
(verb). And at night you can __
(verb) until the early hours. But that's only half the story. __ forget that it's __ (verb phrase).
(pos. adjective),
but don't
(neg. adjective) toa! 80, be careful that you don't __
Remember, it can be __
if you're on your own, __
adjective)
(place) is __
(negI adjective) and __
(neg.
, (lmperative)!!
:5 Look at other students' work. Which description sounds the most / least attractive? Why? Take a class vote to decide on the best.
.í.8) Listen to six short dialogues. What does each student want?
2
Listen again and complete.
1 2
A: I leave tvienty minutes early B: Yes, OK. A: Sorry, I open the window? B:
.Of course you can ...
A: B:
4
A:
, please? I couldn't hear toa well. Fine. I was explaining how ... what we have to revise for the exam? Of course ... for us, please? No problem ... we write in pencil? It would be better in pen if you have one.
B: A:
6
A:
B: B:
3 M Listen 1 2 3 4 5 6 4
and repeat.
Is it OK if we finish the class early? Could you repeat that one more time, please? Do you mind if I hand in my work tomorrow? Can you say it more slowly, please? Does it matter if I arrive five minutes late? Could you let us know the marks, please?
Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer, using these prompts.
1 2 3 4 5 6
~
today?
3
5
,c..·.~;.
I / borrow your pen / please you / play the recording again I/use a dictionary / please I / write with a red pen you / ask the question again you / write it on the blackboard / please
New York, New York: See resource sheet 1B. 13
Lives and laves • Past Simple & Past Continuous • used to
• Desmbing people • Relationship verbs
• Ifl • Chatting up
Ideal partners
Speaking 1 Look at the photos of the celebrities. are they? Why are they famous? 2
Rank the stars in order of most to least attractive,
3
Who
Vocabulary Describing people 1 Look at these dialogues. Which refers to appearance which to personality?
1 '\Vhat's he like?' 'He's really frienàly.' 2 'What does she look like?' 'She's tal!.'
in your opínion.
What characteristics do vou consider particularly attractive? I likc intc\ligcnt pe.oplc. I'm into girls witn blondc
and
nair
2
Put the adjectives into the carrect categary: persanality ar appearance (A). bald - A
e.asi-going
\
- "P
I~-Ba±àgood-laokingblandegrey-haired àark -easyintelligent gaing funny kind \.~
ouuttggoingsociable sensible tannecl sensitivetrencly SI1. ort
(P)
slim
) I
Lives and laves
Speaking
& U~tenio~g
_
1 Look at the photos. In pairs, desc.ribe each person. What do they look like? What are they like, do you think? 'a' na5 got b\onde- nair. 'i:Jne-100\::5 5porti 2
Each person in photos a-d knows one of the people below. Who knows who? Guess their relationship. 'i:Jopnie- - d. \ tnin\( tne-i're- brotne-r and 5i5te.r.
3
(1) Listen and check your answers. Match the names below with people a-do
(carrie 4
Matthew
James
rete)
Listen again. Match adjectives from Vocabulary, Exercise 2 with people a-do Mattne.w - fle.n5ible, tannec\
5 Why does each partner like the other? Give one reason. 'i:Jopnie li\::e5 Mattnew Gan tal\( to nim.
beGau5e. 5ne.
lhe Real lhing:
-ish
1
(à; Listen
2
Look at the examples and answer the questions.
to Luke and Sophie again.
1 He's shortish ... Is Pete very shart ar quite shart? 2 He's fortyish now. What does -ish mean here? 3
How would you say the examples above in your language?
Pronunciation
-ish is added to adjectives to show that something is
Ifi
similar but not exactly the same as the adjective.
1 How do you say this word? 4
Complete the sentences with these words.
fiftyish eightish shortish straightish reddish 1 I knew he was embarrassed because he went a colour. 2 Let's meet after wark - is OK with yau? 3 He's older than he looks. He must be 4 He's , with blande hair and blue eyes. 5 He's attractive - dark, hair andlovely dark eyes. 5
6.3) Listen and check.
British /'bntII/ 2
(2.4) Listen and check. Write down the words
you hear and titk the ones with the 5ugar 3
III
sound.
,/
(2.5) Listen and repeat the sentences.
1 Trish is fifty but she looks fortyish. 2 I've finished washing the dishes. 3 I wish you' d stop being so childish. 4
Describe one of the people on this page. Use -ish words where possible.
15
Howwemet
c These days, you
G311
find love in ali kinds of placas. We talked to fúur cOl/ples
from around the world who met their partner
Speaking & Reading
1
Tammy: 'I was very sceptical alJout meeting peopie on the Internet. But one day I was surfing the net and decidecl to go into a chat room. It was quite boring unt!1 a guy called Brad came in. We chatted
Discuss these questions.
1
How do people meet each other? 2 Do you know where your parents met?
2 Work in pairs. Student A: Read Tammy's story and answer these questions.
fOi' a long time and tl18n 8xchanged It vI/as difficult because we were
1 How did they meet? 2 Why was it difficult to start a relationship?
going sorneone
out
with
at t118 tirne anel
'vve Vifere ! in different states, but eventually we élt'ranged to meet I~nd now we're together"
Student B: Read Albert's story and answer these questions.
1 How did they meet? 2 What is Albert's only regret?
3
in a memorabie way.
Tell your partner the story.
4 Read Petra's and Ricardo's stories. Complete them with verbs in the Past Simple tense. (~ de.c.ide introduce 90 happen invite have
5
Work in pairs. Match the headings (1-4) with the four texts.
1 Across a crowded rOOlTl 2 Lave online 3 Mistaken identity 4 It's never toa late
A..lbert, 78 anel Joyce, 80 (DK)
~: .f
Petí"a: 'lt
Hicardo:
'tt vI/as Nevv Year's
sonle
the othet" side ofthe roonl
at
Líves and laves La!!&!@g~e~f~o_c_us
_
Past Simple and Past Continuous I was reading the newspaper Joyce carne over to chat.
Vocabulary
& Writing
Relatianship verbs
when
:Ee~9_i_r.:2_~_~~~ __~~~~~p.~p.~_~:
i j
10 am
t.
Joyce carne over i i 11 am 12 am
>
There are two actions in thís sentence. Which gives the context I background? Underline the correct words in the rules.
We use Past Continuou!'; / Past Simple to describe actions in progress in the pasto We use Past Continuous / Past 5imple for shorter, completed events in the past. Find an example of each in the texts on page 16.
A Past Simple action (main event) often interrupts one in the Past Continuous (background). I was rnaking some drinks when I noticed this woman. Find two more examples in the texts.
can use when, while and as to join the two tenses in a sentence: I was making some drinks when I '/\Te
noticed this woman.
When / As / While I was making some drinks, I noticed this woman. Which can go before the Present Continuous (background), and which before the Past Simple (main event)? See Reterence Guide, p. 4. See Workbook, pp. 9- 70, exs. 7-4.
7 The pictures show different stages of a couple's relationshíp. the pictures to make a story. I - b
Practice 7 Answer the questions with a verb ín the Past Continuous. What were you doing:
1 2 3 4 2
3
a year later from time to time
Sim pie ar Past Continuous tense.
I'
(meet) my girlfriend while we (study) at university. On the first day, (listen)to the lecturer when a beautiful girl (arriveJlate and (sit)down next to me. When the c1ass (finish), asked her ou!, and that was it! 3
4
me-t at à pàrt'{. 'PàU\à WàS nàving
à drink,
wne-n sne- notiGe-d Sd
4 Write the story using the Past Simple and Past Continuous. these time expressions.
Put the verbs in brackets into the Past
I
Tell the story to your partner. me-'1
Guess what your partner was doing at these times. Check with him I her to
2
Match a verb with each picture.
split up fali in love stay friends meet b) get engaged fancy each other go out together get married argue
at 2am? I WàS sle-e-ping at 4pm last Sunday afternoon? at midnight last Saturday? just before this lesson started?
see if you were right. 3
2
arder
_
.
Use
after six months eventually the next day immediately soon
In groups, compare your stories. 5
Listen to each other's stories. Whose version has the happiest I most tragic I most entertaining
ending? Why?
5
I
6
_
~
17
Language focus
used to 1 iPJ Listen and complete the sentences.
1 We
always together schoo1. 2 'l/Veboth . ín Oxford. 3 Believe it 01' not, my IJ8st friene! ___ myex-girlfriene!.
at
_
Turn to Reference Guide, page 39, and check your answers In transcript 2.7.
2 Look at transcript 2.6 In your Reference Guide, Speaking & Listening
page 39. Underline ali the sentences
1 Discuss these questions.
1 2 3 4 5
Look at the examples and underline the correct word in the rule.
Who would you say ís your best fríend? When did you meet? Why are you dose? How often do you see each other? Do you ever argue?
We used We used
to do everything to play togethcr
iogether, but rww we don 't. ai school.
We use used to to talk about habits or states in the present / past that are not true now.
2 66) Listen to three people talking about best friends. Answer the questions below. Steve
1 Name of best friend?
with used to.
~I
I used to work at home. I didn't use to sleep welJ when I was younger. ? I Did you use to play basketbal1?
\?i\\
2 Where did they meet? 3 \i\Thy do / did they get on welJ? 4 Do / did they ever argue? 5 Are they still in touch? If not, what is the reason? Match the friends with their photos a-c.
Fran
I
Liam
Correct the sentences below.
1 I didn't used to go to nightclubs . 2 Did you used to go to school? . 3 I use to speak French . See Reference Guide, p. 5. See Workbook, p. 70, exs: 5-8.
Lives and laves
I
Practice
I___ towhen 5moke before had but Ilived have (I/ 1 Make __u5edsentences he in]one. London. used to.better. with now we get you were aon child? before the accident? (you / 3562 never / want a car) (he / not / drive) nim at alI. (we / argue / ali the time) (you / play / with trains) do / sport) relationship? ago. has and changed? Make a list. children. smoke) ne c.nar)9~djobi> now Iabout our We u5~dWhat to(I/m~d da'{ atdon't wor\<.,but 2 Make sentences with ~v~'{ used toI Ten ai>ee years 1 Think about ~ow yourself now and ten ago years Speaking Job Town Personality / city Appeõeacce ""ct ha;c 11009 ha;,
1
l
13
2
You are at a party. Your best friend is ill because he / she has drunk toa much. You ,.. a) go home and leave him / her at the party - he / she knows what he / she's doing. b) take him / her home with you. e) pretend you don't know him / her - it's embarrassingl Your best friend desperately needs some money to pay the rent. You ... a)
givehim
/ her the money~ It's a present.
b) lend him / her the money. e)
I
don't give him / her the money - money and friendship don't go together!
, "j I
I [
I,
I II I
!
- i - II
- i
i
-
-.J
2
!
I I -
I
-
A: 110wnai> '{our app~aranc.e c.nan9ed? B: \ ui>ed to nave lon9 nair but now i1' i> i>nort.
I I I I II
I ! ,
-- II I
Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about how your Iives have changed. Whose life has changed more?
Reading & Speaking 1 Are vou a true friend? Do the questionnaire on the right then turn to page 122 to find out. 2
In pairs, compare your scores. Who is a better friend? Do vou agree with the results?
Your best friend has bought an outfit just like yours. You ... a) tell him / her to change it - you don't want to look like twins. b) feel happy about it - it shows that you have similar tastes. e) don't think about it - these things happen. 4 Your best friend tells you a really big secret. You ... a) don't tell anyone. b) try not to tell anyone but it's toa difficult! Soon a lot of people know. e) tell one other good friend. 5 Your new partner doesn't get on with your best friend. You ... a) stop being friends - your newpartner is more important. b) explain to your partner that your best friend is really important to you. e) never see both of them at the same time. 6 Your best friend is having problems with his / her partner. You ... a)
don't want to hear about it. It's your best friend's problem.
b) think your best friend is right. e)
can see both sides of the story.
Writing A soap opera 1 Work ín pairs. Design your own soap opera. Choose THE BOYS
three men and three women from the list of characters.
THE GIRLS
2 Decide on the background. Complete the gaps. The programme takes p1ace in . shares a flat with with is going out with is
lives
o
o
o
_
's gir1friend.
3 Write the outline for an episode. The setting is a party. Decide who meets who and what happens. Here are some ideas: Andrew (33): A rich English lawyer. He's looking for a girlfriend.
Marta (21): A Spanish au pair just arrived in the city.
X saw that Y was dancing with Z ... X to1d Y a secret about Z ... X arrived with Y but 1eft the party with Z ... Remember to use the appearance / personality adjectives, relationship verbs and Past Simple / Continuous tenses where possib1e. 4 Read your stories to the class. Which episode sounds most interesting? Why?
Humberto (24): A Puerto Rican model and
Isabel (30): A single mother. She's a singer.
Claude (30): A divorced businessman with a child.
Amy (28): An American actress and sports enthusiast.
Patrick (25): A French professional footbaU player.
A chat-up line shows someone that you are interested in hím I her and you want to break the ice. Can you think of any chat-up tines in your language?
1
6.8) Listen to three couples. Where are they?
2
Listen again. Tick (.r) the chat-up lines you hear. Are they successful?' a) b) c) d) e)
Do you come here often? Can I get you a drink? Are you on your own? How do you know X? Has anyone ever to1d you you've got beautifu1 eyes? f) Excuse me, have you got the time? g) Your face is really familiar.
l~~
Cathy (32): An English businesswoman. She works in advertising.
3
How good are the chat-up lines in exercise 2? Give them a score (10 = the best, 1 = the worst). Compare your answers with a partner.
4 In paírs, invent your own dialogues. Choose a place and a chat-up tine - good or badl A: \-\,lf, tm~one. e.ve.r to\c\ ~ou ~ou've. got
Seb (22): An out-of-work English artist.
~I
I
I
Tanya (27): A fashion designer and guitarist.
B:
be.3utifu\ e.~e.r,? Srrr, no. 'Se.e. ~oul
Work it out • Present Períect +
• Pres"nt Períect PI-eS(Hlt Pertcn
Spea
____ .._ .•,__ ~ __
kllJ~L~Yoca1:>_I:IIªfY .
·_'w
~
+
~_~_~
i What would be your ideal job? Why? Match the adjectives with the jobs in the photos. -•
n_n
'
o ..
----
badly paid tepetitive
creativ-e---interestTng-~ boring sociable stressful skilled well-paid tiring
In pairs, discuss your ideas. A: 1?oll\1ce-r" have- a ve-ri "oc.iab\e- job. B: I OO\1't thi\1k it'" "oc.iab\e- bUallf>e- iOll OO\1't have-
time- to talk to pe-op\e-. Rank these phrases from most to least positive.
l'd really like to be a ... I wouldn't mind being a ... I'd lave to be a . I'd hate to be a . Which af these jobs would you like to do? Which would you dislike? Why? 1'0 hate- to be- a bOll\1c.e-r be-c.au"e- \ OO\1't \ike- \1i9htc.\ub".
l22
8.~/d:s I • p,
job
I..Ist~lQg
~~~~__ ~
_
M
Listen to three people talking about their jobs. What do they do? How long have they done tr',ese jobs? ') Listen again and answer the questions. 1 \,i\'ho works in an office? 'Sadie2 \Alho is badly paid? 3 Who wears a uniform? 4 Who has a 10t of experience? 5 Who only works at night? 6 Who has a repetitive job? Check your answers.with a partner. ::>
Who is the most positive about his / her job? Who is the most negative? Why?
Practice
Presellt Perfect
Underline the correct verb form: Past Simple or Present Perfect.
Look at the example.
1 don't know why I've worked here for so longo It's been nearly two years. SADIE:
15Sadie talking about a job she did in the past or one she does now? The Present Perfect can be used for actions that started in the past and continue into the present. Complete the rule. We form the Present Perfect with have / has +
1 I had / have had a job in a warehouse last year. 2 My sister went / has been for a job interview yesterday. 3 Jason has a greatjob in New York - he worked / has worked there for two years. wanted / have wanted to be an 4 When was a student astronaut. 5 I didn't do / haven't done much work recently. 6 She earned / has earned more money than me last January. 7 never went / have never been to China, but d love to go one day. 8 knew / have knOl/Vilmy next-door neighbour for years.
I
I
I
r
I
Look at these sentences. JilYs a doetor. She started working twenty years ago.
*
; __ • m
1988
Doctor
__
}Q.Y.~~!',~. .m~
The Real Thing:
1
I
a doetor for twenty
I
Complete the rules with yau see and let me see. ___ think
She worked in a shop for two years. She has been a famous aetressfor over 25 years.
___ is used when you are trying to explain something.
Put the time expressions into the correct Iis15. Finished
time
Time up to now
two years ago for ten years this week yesterday never
Ir
2
Present Perfect and Past Simpie
Which time period is finished? Which continues up to now? Which tense do we use for each?
,~
Listen and complete.
What are the good points?! - well, it gives me extra money for the summer and free time during the day. only work at nights and at the weekends, .
Put the information into one sentence. Jj1J
see / let me see
RICHARD:
Now (2008) Doctor
years.
M
yotl
last night
See ReterenceGuide,pp.< 5-6. See Warkbook, p.15, exs.7-3.
3
is used when you are trying to remember of something.
or
Work in pairs. Answer the questions with you see / let me see and continue the conversations.
1 A: Which
countries have you visited? ... l've been to ... 2 A: Can you come to the party tonight? B: No, , have to go ... 3 A: When are you going on holiday? B: We're leaving on ... ... on Thursday 4 A: Did you pass the exam? B: No, , didn't study very hard ... B:
I
...
I
23
li
The best carldidate ?peaking & Reading~
_
1 Discuss these questions. 1 Is it easy to find work where you live? 2 Which of these factors is most important in getting a good job? Are there any other important factors? contacts appearance qualifications personality
2 Read the information below about Debbie and Alonso. Who do they need and why?
Debbie wants someone to take photos of her wedding and the party afterwards. She is looking for an experienced photographer who is friendly and sociable. She hopes to find someone who charges a reasonable price.
Look at the examples and complete the rules with for ar
since.
Nathan
Dr
has workecl as a photographer for five years. Dance has worked as a DJ since he was 20 .
........shows the point at v\fhich a period of time begins . .. is used with periods of time. Find one more example of each from the texts. Complete the table 50 that the information is correct from today: since
for
yesterday = 24 hours 2004 I was ten my last English class Alonso wants to have his 210t birthday party in a pub and good music is essential. He is looking for a DJ who has a ]"rge record collection. He wants people on the dance fIoor all night! 3 Debbie and Alonso found two candidates for each job (see right). Who do Vou thínk they chose, and why?
Work in pairs. Ask and answer these questions in the Present Perfect. Use for or since in the repiies. Ho",,' 1011ghavc .l/ou studied Eng1ish? How 1011ghave you 1ivecl i}1 this tovvn / city? How 10ng have you k110W11your teacher? See Reference GrAde, p. 6. See Workbook, pp. 75-76, exs. 4-6.
Listening 1
M
Listen to Debbie and Alonso talking about the person they chose. Answer the questions.
1 Who did they each choose? 2 How did they make their choice? 3 Were they happy with their choice? Why /Why not? 2
65) Listen and complete the sentences. 1 She's an excellent job. 2 We haven't all the photos yet. 3 She's __ us the photos of the ceremony. 4 I haven't him yet.
:3 Were they happy with their decision? Why? / Why not?
Language focus
Present Perfect
-t;
yet
Look at the examples and choose the correct word to complete the rule.
I haven't paid DJ Wicked yet. Has Alonso paid DJ Wicked yet7
We use yet in positive / negative sentences and questions to mean 'any time up to the present'. See Reference Guide, p. 6. See Workbook, p. 76, ex.
7
Practice Complete the dialogues with for, since ar yet.
1
A: B:
Practice
2
A
3
J
Listen and write down the words you hear. Put for or since before each phrase.
1 2
3
A: B: A: B:
Have you seen the new Bond film ? No. Actually, I haven't been to the cinema _ months! I haven't done my homework Really? But you've had it last Tuesdayl Have you ever been to Iceland? No. I haven't been , but I really want to go. o
for f>i1'-mont\%
Pronunciation
Make true sentences about yourself starting I haven't. .. for the phrases in Exercise 1 I haven't
been to the c.inema for f,i1'-monthf,
I haven't
been
on ho\ic\ai
f,inc.e Januari
/j/ yet and /d3/ jet ...
1
...
Compare your sentences with your partner's. similar are your experiences?
How 2
Which word do you hear?
M
I \ive in Ber\in.
:3
5 Work in pairs. Student A: Tell Student B one of your facts. Student B: Ask questions with how long ... ? + Present Perfect.
B: \-\ow lons
iearf,
I f,inc.e
5 joke / yolk 6 used / juice
yeah
yellow
yoga
yoghurt
young
68) Listen and repeat these words. How many different ways of pronouncing y are there? pretty really you yoga system type reply try
4
A: I \ive in Berlin.
3 jaw / your 4 jÇJb/ yob
Practise saying these words. Listen and repeat.
yacht
4 Write three facts about yourself.
have iOU \ivec\ there? A: I've livec\ in Berlin for about fifteen I waf, a c.hi\c\.
(6)
1 yet / jet 2 yell / gel
M
Practise saying these sentences. Listen and check.
1 I don't like that type of yoghurt. 2 That's a job for yuppies. 3 I really like skiing in January.
Swap roles.
251
, 'li
Re~<:lin~L&Listeningc Look at the photos and discuss these questions.
1 Which of the situations would you find most stressful? Why? 2 What things in your working / student life make you stressed? 3 In what ways can stress be good for you?
i
~~
In pairs, ask and answer the questions in the stress test. If the answer is 'it depends; say why.
2 Work out your partner's total score from both sections.
Work 'Yes' = Opoints, 'It depends' = 5 points, 'No' = 10 points General 'Yes' = 10 points, 'It depends' = 5 points, 'No' = Opoints
Work Do J,r«m ou ~ ..
_"_~_._~
__ ,.>
".L_~·_
~,_
1
sleep on average less than seven hours a night?
2 :} 4
drink more than three cups of coffee a day? smoke more than ten cigarettes a day? often miss deadlines and hand in work late?
5
arrive at work or college
I)
work at home at weekends
les, I do
tIo, I fllm't
Yes, 1110
NO,I
late more than once a week? and / or in the evenings?
1 get angry with people at work / college for no reason? 8 ." often feel worried about your work ar studies? 9 feel tired ali the time? 10
feel that you never have enough time?
General Do ym~... ·T":~·:'·dõ-sport
or exercisê-ãt
least twice a week?
2
go out with friends
regularly?
3 4
li
have a hobby or activity that you do at least once a week? read books for pleasure? have some time to relax every day?
I]
have a healthy
1
have a good circle of friends?
8
talk about your feelings
9
enjoy your job or studies? regular
diet?
ho!idays
with family ar breaks?
or friends?
!:101ft
_
~ 6ôJ Listen to lifestyle guru Chad, and match the advice with the scores.
1 150-200 points 2 100--150points
3 50-100 points 4 0~50 points a) Try anything "-meditation, yoga, therapy ... b) Don't relax toa much. Ambition isn't always a bad thing. c) You should try to relax more m the evenings and don't let work worry you. d) You should definitely work less, relax nlOre and make more time for yourself. 4
Fiona
Listen again and note down in more detail what your results mean. Do you agree with them?
!
'i>c.ore-e\ Gt:j pointf:>. C\iac\
f:>tre-f:>f:>e.c\, but
ac.tua\\'{
f:>ai'i> t'm re-a\\'{
I'm quite-
\iapp'{!
Speª--IsiI1~_~" Reading 1 What are the alternatives
~" to a conventional
job? 2
12
Read the article. What jobs did these people dobefore and what do they do now?
:1 Answer the questions with Fiono, Andy or Emmo. Who ...
1 didn't have a job for a while? fiona
2 has turned an interest into a profession?
3 has his / her own company? 4 feels he / she is doing something useful? 5 was influenced by a film that he / she saw? I}
Find phrases in the article that mean:
1 to be unemployed -
to be- on tne- c\o\e-
2 to stop (working)
3 work that is unpaid, but is important for you to do 4 to ask for a work position 5 work that you do all day, five days a week 6 to study or train 7 to start a new company 5
After university, I was on the dole for a few months. I didn't have 3 any maney, 80 I was really pleased to get an office job ... but it was very boring! I gave it up and went 6 to do voluntary work for the VSO - Voluntary Service Overseas - in Rwanda. I teach old people and 9 children to read and write. It's not the most comfortable of jobs but it's great to be doing something of real use for once.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of:
1 working from home 2 working abroad
3 doing voluntary work 4 setting up your own business Which of these four would you most enjoy?
Andy I used to be a freelance news journalist. It was very stressful 3 and I had to traveI a lot. I applied for loads of other jobs with no success, so I started to think 6 about my real interest - football! N ow, I work fram home and write football articles for press 9 agencies araund the world. It's a full-time job but I have much more free time. I'm my own boss and I can get up when I want!
12
Emma I used to be a teacher and I worked 40 hours a week. Then, I 3 saw the movie American Beauty and thought I could change my life too! I did a course in 6 acupuncture and shiatsu massage. It took four years to get qualified but now I have set up my own 9 business. Shiatsu is very popular these days because people are so stressed and you can earn quite good money.
12
27
111
seat
t118 110t
~peak_i_ng_&_R_e_a~d'~rng~
_
1 Have you ever had a job interview? If yes, was the experience good or bad? If no, how do you think you would feel in an interview? 2 Connect the verbs and nouns to make expressions related to 'how to behave in a job interview'.
ask fold dress establish ~ arrive introduce read have
on time company literature beforehand yourself smartly eye contact a firm handshake lots of questions your arms
3 Is the advice good or bad? Why? lf '{ou dre.% too 5martl'{, '{ou c.ou\d fe.e.1 unc.omfortable. ... 4' Look at the three job adverts. Work in pairs. Discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of each job. A: for tne. mode.1 job '{ou nave. to 5tart \'-Ior\( imme.diate.\'{, tnàt' 5 bad. f>: f>ut '{ou Gan trave.I a5 a mode.l, 50 tnat' 5 9°0<:\.
5 Find words in the adverts which have a similar meaning to these:
new fre.5\1 stress date for delivering work candidate necessary abilities holiday
If you're confident,
eye-catching and ambitious,
call US! needed for young marketing company.
~
Do you have: • experience in softwore design? • fresh ond originol ideos?
Are you able to: • work outside normol office hours? • work under pressure? • keep to strict deodlines?
We offer:
• • • •
No experience needed Excellent presence and personal skills a lllUSt! Ability to start at once Time off on request
We offer: • Excellent prospects: a chance to work with the finest fàshion designers • Attractive salary (hourly contracts available) suitable for students and schoolleavers • Possibility to travel • Posts available for both men and women
Competitive salary and f1exible conditions Full- or part-time employment for the right applicant E-mail [email protected]
128
II
Please apply (with full fàce photo and cv) to [email protected]
Work
Dear Sir / Madam, in The Evening Standard of
I am writing in response to your advertisement
I am 22 years old and studying computer science at the University currently in my final year and I hope to work in IT in the future. At the never brown happy
9th
May.
of London. I am
moment, I'm looking for work in a different field because I plan to take a year off. I have worked as a __ before but people tell me that I have potential. I have long, light hair and brown eyes (see attached photo). I'm prepared to work hard and wciuld be to traveI. I would be able to start in two months time when I have finished my exams.
I look forward to hearing from Vou soon. Yours faithfully, Heather Black E-mail: [email protected]
Writing~
~~
~
_
A job application letter 1 These are common expressions when applying for a job. Decide if they are used to open the letter (O), to finish it (F) or to give information in the middle (I).
Iam good at ... -ing. l I look forward to hearing from you soon. I am writing in response to your advert ... I have experience / worked as a ... I am currently ... I am interested in applying for ...
2
Listen again and answer the questions.
1 2 3 4
Which job are the candidates applying for? What experience does each candidate have? What do they have in common? Who has a better interview - Tom or Hannah? Why? What mistakes does the other make?
j
2
Read the application e-mail and check your answers. Which phrases are not used?
3'
Work in pairs. Look at the job adverts on page 28 again.
Group A: Look at the job adverts on page 118. Group B: Look at the job adverts on page 120. You work for a job agency. You are going to interview candidates for these jobs. Make a list of ten questions to ask applicants.
1 Which job is Heather applying for? Complete the gap in the letter. 2 Do you think she'll get the job? Why? Why not? I think
•:>
\-lave. '{ou e.ve.r worke.d (in tl1i5 fie.ld)? C.an '{ou (work at nigl1t)? Are. '{ou (wmpute.r \ite.rate.)?
5he. wil\ ge.t it. 'She. Gan trave.\ ...
4 Write your own job application other jobs on page 28.
letter for one of the
Show your letter to your partner: Does he / she think that vou will get the job? Why / Why not?
Listening_~__ ~._ ..
-: M Tom and
.
_
Hannah both have an interview for one
of the jobs opposite. Listen to the two interviews. Who says the following: Tom, Hannah or the interviewer?
Have you had any experience in this area? Oh yes, it's my passion. This looks really creative. I've got some experience. Oh, this and that. I've worked in web design for the Iast three years. Now you're out of work, aren't you?
Work in two groups.
2
Work in A / B pairs.
Student A: You are the interviewer. Student B: You are the candidate . Student A, interview your partner and decide which of your jobs suits Student B best. ~, Change roles. Student B, interview your partner and decide which of your jobs suits Student A best. Work in your groups from Exercise l. Who were the best candidates for the jobs7 Report back to the rest of the class. \(arina
wa5 tl1e. De.5t Gandidate. for tl1e.
likguard DuaU5e. 5he.'5 a gre.at 5wimme.r and 511e.Gân wor\( in tne. wmme.r.
Jobs and cities
Travis & Sarah
Julieta & Oliver
Michael
Introduction
2
Find the opposite adjectives stressful (J)(pcnsi'óc
1 Work in pairs. Test your memory. Where are these people from? Do you remember anything else about them?
211 [00:00-01 :22]
Watch the introduction
boring quiet
While
11I
Sequence 1 [02:02-03:14]
[01:23-02:01] Watch the vox pops and answer
the on-screen questíons.
watch
Watch sequence 1 and answer the questions.
I
.2 Test your memory. Complete the gaps. mood, it's a __ place to live. If you're in a __ mood, it can get very __ It's got lots of __ things and lots of __ things, but it's where I'm from. Ilike London but it is toa __ and it is toa
Her current job Her studies Her home
o
Her family Her futu re p Ians
:1
Watch again and check your answers.
Before IOU watch 1 Discuss in pairs. What do you think of your city town? it' fl big 3nd
intereflting
Which topics does Zheng talk about? Her name
MICHAEL: If you're in a __
!301?_
YOU
1'1
1 It's a ver)' busy p lace '" 2 Ilike it because it's a big mess ... 3 lt is toa big and it is toa expensive.
I
noisy \ ) relaxing
prop /prnp/ (n): a pieee af furniture ar small abjeet used in a play ar a film.
1 Watch again. Who says it?
EXAMPLE: liKe it bec.aufle
~ exciting
Which of these adjectives would you use to describe your city?
and
Vox P0I!S
OLlVER:
in the box.
c.neap ~ el'penflive
check your answers.
LUKE:
Gill
I II ...
Zheng talks about four world cities. Match them to the sentences on the right. London
She studied Gommunications there.
Beijing Delhi Leeds
She went there with her father. She lives and works there. She went to school there.
When the sequence has finished, work in pairs and discuss exactly what a prop master does.
Sequence 2 [0315-0402] Watch sequence 2 and answer the questions.
1
listen to Zheng talking
about her job.
1 How long has she been a prop master? 2 What does she like about her job? 3 What did she do before?
2
Listen to Zheng talking Which prop ...
about two af her props.
1 2
did she paint blue? was difficult to find?
3 4
appeared in a children' s TV programme? is called Freddie?
5 6
taught childrenabout colours? was needed for a particular scene?
Sequence 3 [04:03-04:52]
1
What would you expect to find in Chinatown?
2 ••
Watch the sequence and answer these questions.
1 JoshuaGordon Iives and works in Hong Kong. We asked him some questions about his life there. Why did you come here? To work for an English bank. I have a two-year contraet. What language do people speak here? Most people speak Cantonese, but over a third of
1 Why does Zheng like going to Chinatown? 2 What does she do there?
3
Zheng compares london and Beijing. Which of the things below does she say are a) similar b) different? people
4
culture
atmosphere
the population speak English. This is beeause Hong Kong used to be British - the handover to China was in 1997.
prices
When the sequence has finished, questiono
discuss this
What do you like about the city? It's an amazing, vibrant plaee - a real mixture of sounds, sights and smells. l1's here that 'East meets West'.
Do you think Zheng likes London? Why / Why not?
Sequence 4 [04:53-06:35]
Can you explain how 'East meets West'? Well, you might find a Taoist shrine in the middle of an ultra-modern
1 Watch the sequence and answer these questions.
skyscraper. You can eat in local Chinese places or in European restaurants. Is there anything you dislike about Hong Kong? Well, the divide between rich and poor is very noticeable here. Also, It's crowded and quite dirty and the humidity in the summer is unbearable.
1 Does Zheng enjoy her job? Why/ why not? 2 Does she see it as her lifetime career?
2 .•
c •• Watch the sequence again and answer these questions
And what about the people? The Chinese are usually friendly but they can be rude on the metro in the rush hour!
What props is Zheng preparing today? What kind of programme are they for? 2 What' s her next job going to be? What props does she need for ii?
Can you tell us one last thing you especially restaurants are the best in the world!
3 What are her future plans?
Can you tell us one last thing you hate? The cost of everything, and the obsession with mobile phones. And any advice for visitors? Come in the spring or autumn - the summer ís just too hot and humid.
Watch the whole OVOagain and answer the on-screen questions.
After ~OU watch Can you remember? 1 What props are there in the prop shop? 2 What colours does Zheng paint the bottles?
love? The
2
Answer the questions. 1 Why do many people speak English in Hong Kong? 2 When are the people not very friendly? 3 Why is it not a good idea to visit in the summer? 4 Why is Hong Kong a unique city for Joshua? 5 What positive and negative adjectives does Joshua use to descríbe Hong Kong? 6 Would you like to visit Hong Kong?
31
Flashback 1
Vocabulary
& Speaking
1 a Make eight compound nouns. €efI'tFetraffic block store theme road centre industrial sports ring department tower estate park jam :Jhopping SDopping ce.ntre. Look at Unit 1 to check your answers.
b In pairs, discuss where vou can find these things in your town I city.
2 a Match the two parts of the sentences.
1 We 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
had lunch together and we fel! in love. imme.oiate.li· Six months later, in June, we got ... I was at a conference when I met '" The good thing is we have stayed ... Things got worse anel we decided to split ... Years later we still keep in '" We had busy lives and didn't start going ... We went skiing that Christmas and decided to get ... We fancied '" After the wedding,we were happy but soon
we ... a) b) c) d) e) f)
g) h) i) j)
touch by e-mai!. out together untillater that year. married. my first husband. friends. were arguing about everything. in lave immodiatcly. each other from the st.'1rt. engaged on New Year's Eve. up.
b In pairs, order the sentences to make a love story. I \ 'Nas 2\t 2\ confe.re.nce. 'Nne.n\ me.t ... c Close your books. Te!1each other the story from memory.
32
3 a Match the words below with the questions. good Ioobng noisy grey-haired kind crowded badly paid touristy tiring skilled easy-going sensible trendy sociable polluted tanned
1 What's
your city like?
2 What does he / she look like'? 9ooo-loo~in9
3 What are you like'? 4 What's your job like'?
1-3 to check your answers. Find one more adjective to answer each questiono
b Look at Units
Listening 1 a
{Fi1)
Listen to the job interview. What job is it for?
b Complete these sentences about the interviewee.
1 He's
\'Jor~e.d [ti a "'DOpbe.foce.
2 He used to
3 He hasn't 4 He's interested
5 He can 6 He's available
o
c Listen again and write the interviewer's questions. r1ave.'{OLl 'Nor~e.d in a sl10p be.fore.?
•
Flashback 1
AMERICAN
Language focus 1 Write questions about the fiim American Beauty. Use the poster to help you find the answers.
1 How rnélny Oscars / win?
I-\ow miln'{
Of>C-3rS eliel
it
win? five.
2 3 4 5 6 7
Who / direct / film? Who / play / leading role? What role / lmnette Bening / play? Who / Lester / fall in love with? 'Nhat / be / film about? Who / write / screenplay?
Winner
of ilve Oscars
Best pictllre
* Best
42-year-old
director
* Best
Lester Burnham
actor
* Best
screenplay
(Kevin Spacey)
is having a rnid-life crisis. Her5i?els bored and frustrated at work. At teel'l.ge horíl his wife (Annette Bemng) and bis daughter (Thora Birch) don't talk to him. But everything changes when Lester falls in lovewíth his,,,~aughter's school friend Angela (1 He remembers that life
2 a Complete the descriptions of famous film scenes with the verbs in the Past Simple or Past Continuous.
to be so du
1 Scarlett took
Ashley into a room. When he
' __
(ask) her what (do), she
she 2 __
told him she loved him,Ashley told her he 3 __
(not have) the
same feelings. Scarlett 4 __
1
(not know) that
in a dark comer of the room Rhett 5 __
a Work in pairs. Think of an unusual job. Write .questions for an interview for the job. Interview other students, but don't say what the job is.
(Iisten) to the
conversation. Ashley left and Scarlett threw a vase at
b Discuss the candidates and choose the best
the wall in frustration. Rhett got up and asked, lHas the war started?'
person for the job. Can the interviewees guess what the job is? or<
2
2 Rick ' __
(play)
Write a review of a book or film. Compile a class magazine of book and film reviews. Ofi
cards in his bar when 3 pianist Sam 2 __ (start) playing the song
As Time Coes 3 __
By. Rick
(get up) angrily
to ask Sam why he 4 __
Write a love story based on the photos below. Describe the following:
• Appearance and personality • How and when they met • What happened in their relationship Include vocabulary and structures from Units 1- 3.
(play) the song.
Suddenly Rick saw (stand) next to the piano. why. His ex-Iover lisa 5 __ Rick and lisa looked at each other in silence until Inspector Renault and Ilsa's husband
b Write a description of a famous meeting in a film. Read your description to the class. Can other students guess the film and the actors?
33
Sportmania • Modal verbs • Sports equipment
• Attributes
for sport
• Inl & lul
and places
• Connected
speech
• Joining a gym
Gn the ball Speaking Discuss these questions.
1 Which is your favourite sport? Why do you like it? 2 Do you play it, watch it or both? 3 What sports do you dislike? Why? 4 Which sports do you associate more with men or women? Why?
3
Vocabulary Sports 1 Match photos a-f with sports 1-6. Do you know who the sportsmen and women are?
1 athletics f 2 motor racing 3 football 2
134
I
!\f,afa ?owe-\\
4 golf 5 tennis 6 boxing
In pairs, make a Iist of other sports. Which ones can you play on your own, which in a team and which against a single opponent?
f
Put the sports into the correct columns. play
go for a
baf,\::e-tba\\
bi\:e. rice-
(OCObiCO runnmg athl,tio, sknng ~
.__ SWlm
windsurfing chess.tennis cYcli~g foot~all
fflke-floo'\ sWlmmmg yoga golf ::jOgJ \
Note: Go for a is used in other common e.g. go for a drink / walk / drive.
expressions,
Sportmania Listeníng 1
,'4.1) Listen to five people talking about their favourite sports and complete the table. Choose from these sports. (You will not need twa af them.)
football skiing
!
Lara
!
gym
hockey
r;'.vimmina
What sport do ['How often do they do? I they do it? "wimming
yogajOgging) -I Why do they I enjoy it?
I not ve.r~ ofte.n
Craig Jess Alex Melissa
2
Listen again and answer true (T) or false (F). If false, explain why.
1 2 3 4 5
Lara is an excellent swimmer. There is something Craig doesn't like about skiing. Jess plays in a professionalleague. Alex enjoys everything about jogging. Melissa says yoga is a sport like any other. lhe Real Thing:
1
A Listen and complete 1
LARA:
2
CRAIG:
3
CRAIG:
so, such
the sentences.
It's to be in the water. But now I can do it really well and it's
And it's to have the snow all around you. , and it's a great 4 JESS: It's feeling when you score a goa1. 5 ALEX: When I finish I'm so relaxed. It's _
Pronunciation
/n/ win and /fJ/ wing 1
M
Which word do you hear?
1
6 7 2
MELISSA: MELISSA:
I like it because it's 1t's
Look at the examples and underline the rules.
It'5 50 nice.
sin I sing 2 ran I rang 3 win I wing
o
to do.
The letters ng at the end of a word are always pronounced IIJ/.
the correct words in
It'5 5uch fun.
2
We use 50 befoteàn adjective I a noun. We use 5uch before an adjective I a noun.
A
In pairs, talk about the sports in Listening, Exercise to use 50 and 5uch and adjectives from the box.
boring difficult exciting great interesting relaxing tiring A: I love. jogging. It'" ju5t 50 re.\ã)(.ing. B: IZ-e.ã\IP 1 tnin\é it'" 5Uc-n ã boring "port. I pre.fe.r hoc-\ée.~.
How do you say these sports?
cycling swimming
Listen to the examples and mark the stress. How would you say them in your language? 3
1.
4 ban I bang 5 ton I tongue 6 sun I sung
jogging trekking
skiing
(4.5) Listen and check. Practise saying the words.
Try
3
M
Sometimes we add a 191 sound when the letters ng are followed by another syllable. Listen and underline the words that have a 191 sound.
anqer hanging ringing
angle bringing finger language longest singer younger
Practise saying the words.
35
Just do it!
5 Work in pairs. What influences you when you shop for c1othes? Rank these factors in order of importance:
Brand name Country that the brand is from LeveI of social responsibility Price of the products Stars who endorse the clothes Style of the clothes Quality of the clothes
Speaking & Reading
1
Work in pairs. How many sports brands / labels can you think of?
2
Do you buy these brands? Why / Why not?
Nowadays, stars who Other famous sports stars who have worn the Nike logo include Brazilian footballer Ronaldo,
Terry and Michael Owen, along with members of England's national football squad. Umbro currently make shirts for more than 30 national footbal! teams.
the the
American golfer Tiger W oods and the British marathon runner Paula Radcliffe.
3 Work in pairs. I Student A: Read the text about Nike. Student B: Read the text about Umbro. Then ask your partner these questions.
1 2 3 4 4
Vocabulary.
Umbro: cornpany connections sports team
t _
Sports equipment and places 1
Match the words (a-j) with the. clothes and equipment in the photos (1-10).
a) b) c) d) e)
Find words or phrases in the texts that mean the following:
f,U(.C.CM
t
ti
Who founded the company? When and where did the company start business? What is the name of the logo? Which stars have worn it?
Nike: good results equipment introduced appeared
the most weIl-known wear Umbro are John
2
shorts g)socks h) tracksuit i) trainers / sneakers j) trunks
boots 4 cap leggings goggles racket
f)
Match the sports (1- 5) with the places where they are played (a-e).
1 athletics 2
3 4 5
football swimming golf tennis
\ ~
a) court b)course c) pitch cl)pool e) track
Sportmania ..Vocabulary
~
_
Listening
Attributes for sport 1 Complete the sentences with these qualíties.
calm concentration muscular patient q~1ickrcf1cxc:; stamina 1 He avoided the accident, because he had very quic:k re-fle.y.e.I'>. 2 Marathon runners need to have more than other runners. 3 If there is a fire, stay and try not to panic. 4 I hate exams. My only lasts an hour, then I can't work well. 5 Be , there are buses every 15 minutes. 6 She goes to the gym everyday, so she's very strong and
1
M Listen and match descriptions ·'-8 I -
3 What sports are represented in pictures a-h above right? Which attributes do vou think are important for playing them? t'>al'>ke.tba\\ p\a'je.rl'> nave. to be. ta\\ ano nave. quic:k re.fle·y.e.I'>.
with pictures a-h.
footba\\
2 Listen again. Which attribute is mentioned for each sport?
I-
fal'>t
3 Complete the sentences with haveto, don't have to, can or can't. I
1
o
2 Which of the words in the box are adjectives, and which are nouns?
b
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
You nave. do it for long: ~ FOOTBALL: You SQUASH: You CHESS: You home. GOLF: You CYCUNG: You SKIING:
to
have strong legs, otherwise you
_
play in the street or the park. have quick reflexes to hit the ball. do this anywhere, but most people play at
hit the ball well when you're stressed. cycle up the hills. You can get off and push. MARATHON RUNNING: You have great stamina. BASKETBALL: You be tall to play this sport, but it helps.
Heroes
3
a) b) c) d) e)
Who is he?
He was barn in 1982. He has size 54 feet. He is the David Beckham af Australia. 2
Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and guess what relationship the'l have with the person described. Read the article. How man'l did 'lou guess correctl'l?
with the
paragraphs (1-5).
Reading & Speaking
1
Match the headings (a-e)
His life and interests autside the paal His background His fame His sporting achievements His physique
4 Test 'lour partner's memory. Look at the pictures and ask six questions. WD21t niz.e. fe.e.t doe.n De. D21Ve.?
5
Who are the sporting heroes in 'lour country? Wh'l are the'l are 50 famous?
1 Ian Thorpe was bom in Paddington, Australia on 13th Oetober 1982. His father, Ken, always wanted him to be a cricketer. But when Ian overcame a childhood allergy to chIorine, his only dream was to join his sister Christine in the paol. 2 It's easy to seewhy. His 1.95 metres, 96 kilos and size 54 feet give him an awesome presence in the water. It was his feet which brought him his first nickname, 'Flipper'. He swims so fast that he seems to fly through the water. So how did it all start? 3 Thorpe made his frrst appearance 1.'1 international competition at the age of 14. Bis greatest feat carne on1ythree years later when he won three gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Ganles.His success and popularity have dane much to raise the proflle of the sport.
Sportmania Listenin.&
Language
tocus
Modal verbs Match the modal verbs (1-5) with their meanings (a-e). One of the modal verbs has two meanings. 2 31 4 5
1
M
can't can ~a) have I has to don'! I doesn't have to mustn't
b) c) d) e)
it is not allowed it is is possible necessary it it is not necessary it is not possible
Complete the sentences with mustn't or don't have to: wear a helmet to go cyc1ing. You = It is not necessary. There is no obligation. You touch the ball in football. = It is prohibited or not allowed.
Listen to two advertising executives discussing a possible candidate for a TV advert. Which picture shows the idea they choose?
mmmmmmmm.m>
.mmm.
2
Listen again and answer the questions. 1 What is the advert for? 2 What will the candidate have to do in the advert? 3 What does the man want at first? 4 Why does the woman disagree? 5 What candidate do they decide on in the end? Why?
3 M
See Reference Guide, pp. 6-7See I
Workbook, p.
25,
exs. 4-5.
Practice
1
Complete the sentences
with mustn't, have to or don't have to.
1 In goli, you muntrd hit the ball twice. 2 In boxing, you wear specia1 gloves. 3 Sprinters run a long distance. 4 In speed skiing, you tum - you can ski straight downhill. 5 In tennis, you let the ball bounce more than once. 6 To be a successful sportsperson, you train every day.
Listen again and complete the sentences.
1 It na" to be someone with a good body. 2 It be anyone famous, just someone attractive. 3 No, it be someone famous. We ____ have someone unknown. 4 We do more than a minute we don't have the budget for more than that.
2 Invent your own examp"les about other sports and test your partner. Use as many modal verbs as you cano
Pronunciation 4 Australia is a nation of water babies. 85% of its population á.
live within 3 O milesof
the beach
and its swimmers enjoy a pin-up status similar to footbalIers like David Beckham in the UK. In
~
II
fact, for a time, Thorpe was Australia's number one national hera. There were special Australian stamps to celebrate his victories in the Olympics. Now, there is even a fragrance calIed 'Ian Thorpe for Men' and a range of men's underwear. 5 But in spite of this superstar status, Ian has a friendly relationship with the media. He is happy to discuss his love of philosophy, grunge music, ]apanese food, computer games media work clothes. is light-hearted. hisThorpe's and Armani However, Since not alI retirement fram professional swimming in 2006, he has founded his own charity calIed 'Pountain for Youth' . This organisation fights to bring positive changes to children's lives by impraving health and education, especialIy for Aboriginal communities in Australia.
Connected speech
1 ~
Listen and complete the dialogues.
1
A: You mu"tn't do ir, do you understand? B: OK, but you shout about it. 2 A: I stand that new teacher. B: I know you , but what we do? work really hard next week. 3 A: I B: You I'l1 give you a hand ifyou want. o
2
1 have to 2 can 3 can't
. »
Listen again and mark the modal verbs that are stressed. How do we pronounce these words when they are not stressed?
3
a) !hrev tu I a) !krenl a) Ika:nt/
b) Ihref t~1 b) lkanl b) Ik~ntl
Practise the dialogues in Exercise 1.
.• Speaking
I·.•..•
1
Which celebrities advertise products in your country? Work in pairs to make a list.
2 Work in small groups. Look at the products on page 123 and the stars on page 34. Decide who should 'sell' which product.
3
Choose one celebrity endorsement and plan the advert. Report back to the c1ass with details of your campaign.
39
4 Read the article and check your answers to Exercise 3. Which two are not represented? What do Vou think they symbolize?
Signs of Olympia Olympic
fever hits the globe every four years. For
the hosts, the Games are an opportunity off their city to the world. Olympic
to show
We look at how the
logo can help.
Moscow 1980 This emblem shows a running track rising into a tower, typical of Moscow1s buildings. a star, representing
At the top is
its former Communist status.
One of the main aims of the
1980
Olympics
was
to aid understanding and cooperation between east and west. However, more than 60 countries refused to compete because of the
1979
Soviet
invasion of Afghanistan.
Barcelona 1992 The red and yellow of the leaping athlete reflect
Reading
1
Work in pairs. Make a list of cities that have held the Olympic Games and, if Vou can, in which year. ~'1c\nef
2.000
the Catalan and Spanish f1ags, while the figure1s head reminds us of the Mediterranean Sea. The fine weather, fascinating
museums and galleries
and attractive buildings and monuments provided
Do vou know which cities will hold the Games in the future?
an ideal backdrop
to the Gomes. The event helped
turn Barcelona into a major tourist destination.
2 What do vou know about these cities7 Think about their geography, culture and history. Can vou think of a famous building or place in each one?
Barcelona London
Athens Sydney
Moscow Beijing
Lonc\on is in f,ng\anc\. It l1as a river Ga\\ec\ tl1e Tt1ames. p,. famous bui\c\ing ii>~t 'Paul' s Catl1ec\ral.
3 Match the lagos (a-f) to the cities.
Athens 2004 Athens has held the modem Games three times and was chosen most recently in 2004,
partly because
of its history as home of the Olympics. The emblem shows a laurel wreath, which refers to the ancient Games, where laurel wreaths were awarded winners. The white and blue of the emblem
to the
represent the colours of the Greek countryside.
®
Beijing 2008 This figure is both a running athlete, and the
*'
Chinese symbol for jing (as in BeijingL capital.
meaning
The design is clean, simple and echoes
traditional
Chinese culture and handwriting.
the fastest growing
economy
With
in the world and
money to invest in stunning new stadiums and arenas, it was only time before this new-Iook superpower
took centre stage.
5
Read the article again.
1
VJhich city has hosted the Games more than once? 2 Vl,lhich logos reflect the country's landscape? 3 Which city's Olynlpics coincided with its economic expansion? 4 VVhich Games did some countries not attend? 6 According to the article, which of these ideas were important for each city's Olympic bid? Which words or pl1rases helped you decide? . climate
culture architecture setting history
economic / political situ~ MO'i>c.ow:arc.nitec.ture
1
What do you need to know before joining a gym? In pairs, write a Iist.
2
Complete the conversation. can hasto
(tower, bui\dingi>). ..
Speaking & Writing
Poster presentation
(
Choose from these verbs. mustn't haveto
)
Hello, I' d like to join the gym. What do I a member? RECEPTIONIST: Well, first you 2 fil! in this form with your name, address and bank details. The prices are all there on the formo CUSTOMER: And what does membership include? RECEPTIONIST: You 3 use the swimming pool, gym and squash courts, and there are aerobics classes too. But you 4 arrive late for those - the teacher won't let you in if you're late! CUSTOMER: OK. 5 I come any day of the week? RECEPTIONIST: Yes. We're open every day. CUSTOMER: And 6 I bring a friend with me? RECEPTIONIST: Yes, but your friend 7 buy a one-day ticket. CUSTOMER: That's fine. 50 when 8 I start? RECEPTIONIST: Right now, if you like. If you fil! in the form, I'll give you atemporary cardo One more thing - you 9 wear those trainers in the gym - they '0 _ be clean! CUSTOMER: Oh, all right ... thanks for your help. CUSTOMER:
1
Look at these factors for choosing an Olympic city. Rank them from 1, most important, to 7, least important.
1
good transport links number of hotels etc. good climate beautiful setting existing sporting facilities local public support political situation
2
Work in groups. Choose a city that has not already hosted the Olymplc Games and think of four reasons why It would be a good choice.
3
Prepare a group poster presentation to explain why your chosen city should host the next Olympic Games. Include your reasons from Exercise 2.
4
Present your arguments to the class. Together, vote for the winning city.
nave to do to become
~
3
Now listen and check.
Match the two halves of the questions.
321 4 5
Can I Ihave bring start to wearl Do Do I have to follow Can I use
b) c) a) d) e)
the. sauna programme? and jacuzzi for free? aimmediately? fitness a cap in the pool? a friend with me?
4 In pairs, act out a dialogue. Student A: You want to join a gym and you need information about timetable, facilities and prices. Prepare some questions and act out the dialogue. Student B: You work at the reception of the gym. Write down basic information (facilities, opening times, prices, etc.) and act out the dialogue.
In transit • wií/ • wií/ I::~gomg
to
• Hollday items • Travei collocations
• Contract!CI'\s "!Ith • Book!llg
a hOl·~1
• Hotel room faolltles
• might
f;:
sightseeing hOliday
;":; ..
">.~
1 Look at the photos, Which would you choose as your
next holiday? Why? I' c\ C.llo0fle. tlle. c.ruifle. I'c\ \ike.
I pre.fe.r
be.c.aufle.
to go c.amping
... be.c.auM
.. '
2 In pairs, discuss these questions,
1 Do you travellight? 2 \Nhat do you take with you when you go on holiday? 3 What could you not survive without?
Vocabyla~y Holiday items 1 Match the words (1-14) with the pictures (a-n).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
binoculars boots camera compass first-aid-kit flip-flops guidebook
j
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
penknife magazine phrase book rucksack sleeping bag suntan cream traveller's cheques
2 Which would you take on the holidays in the photos? Would any be useful on ali three holidays?
•.•~ ®~k
142
I~
1'1
..•',
.•
In transit bistenil}g 1
_
M Listen to three
people preparing to go on holiday. Match the conversations with the holidays in the photos.
Pronunciation
Contractions with will: /lI 1
1 ~ 2 3 4 5 6
2 Listen again and complete the table. What take? should they 1
2
I rUGk~aGk,
What will timeit be? of year
I
M Listen and complete
What willbethelike? weather
...
the sentences.
be really cold in winter. be lots of places to visito need a good map to get around. tel1 you where you need to go. lend you his camera. be useful.
GOld
Listen again and check. Practise saying the sentences.
3
2 Language focus will
3 M
+ infinitive to refer to future time, We can use including predictions and spontaneous decisions. h ••
hh'h
••• h
You will (You'l1)need a good rucksack. - You vl1illnot (won't) need much. ? Will it be easy to find a hotel? -I-
Predíctions
You'll need a rea11ygood rucksack. The nights wilT be cold.
In which ones is
J'!/
Listen and repeat. Practise saying the sentences.
1 1'11just go and check. 2 1'11take it thanks. 3 1'11see what I can do.
Look at the examples and complete the rule. 1 The nights will be cold. 2 Wi11it be easy to find a hotel? 3 You won 't need much. 4 1'11take a notebook to write my novelo
M
Listen to four conversations. pronounced correctly?
4 1'11give you a hand. 5 1'11tell you later.
Practice 1 Are these sentences predictions (P) or decisions (D)? 1 It'lI rain tomorrow. 'P 2 1'11have a white coffee and toast. 3 You won't find a ticket for the match. 4 1'11phone her now. 5 She'l1love the campsite.
2
Look at transcript 5.1 in your Reference Guide, page 45. Find two more predictions wíth will.
An American family is going to spend their summer holíday where you Iive. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? 1 11'11be really hot. 2 They won't find a hotel easily. 3 The town / city will be very crowded. Write four more predictions about your town to send to the family.
Spontaneous decisions
Of course, vaccinations ... rI! do those tomorrow. A phrase book? I think my brother's got one. Yll borrow his.
:; Work in groups. Compare your predictions. Who gave the most useful / original information?
Which of examples 1-4 above is a spontaneous decision?
Speaking
'hhh
••• hhh'hh,hhhh
We often use will when we order food and drink. 1'11have fish and chips, please. SeeReterence Guide, p. 8. See Workbook, p. 30, exs. ]-2.
1 You're planning a surprise trip to go on with your partner. Think of a destination.
2
Work in paírs. Ask your partner questions about the destination he / she has chosen for you. Wllat Wil\
wlll tlle. we.atlle.r
it
be. e.a'bi to
be. like.?
... 7
Can you guess where you are going?
43
City breaks
Vocabulary
Speaking
Match the verbs (1-7) with the nouns (a-g).
Answer the questions.
1 book 2 buy
a) a guidebook b) a hotel room
3 4 5 6 7
c) d) e) f) g)
1 What is the difference between these holidays? ~
day trip
package holiday
guided tour weekend break
Travei collocations
2 How often do you go on holiday or for weekends away? How long do you go for? 3 What's your favourite holiday destination? Why?
go ~ go on pack read see
the sights sightseeing a souvenir your suitcase a trip
Note: Travei is usually used as a verb, e.g. I travei a lot for my work. We say go on a trip not go 0,'1 a tra',c1.
Speaking & Reading 1 When you visit a new city, do you like to:
1 see alI the sights or just a few? 2 folIowa guidebook or follow your nose? 3 go on a guided tour or discover the city on your own?
2
What do you know about Lisbon?
3
Read the travei itinerary. Is it a relaxed or a busy schedule?
YOUR WEEKEND IN LISBON
WITH SUNSHINE TOURS Congratulations on booking your holiday with Sunshine Tours!! Here's your traveI itinerary for the long weekend. THURSDAY 18th June A Sunshine Tours rep will meet you at Lisbon airport and a coach will take you to your hotel. FRIDAY 19th June ln the morning, we will take one of the city's famous yellow trams up to the Castelo de São Jorge, with fabulous views over the city. The afternoon is free for you to explore the Baixa district with its interesting shops and cafés. ln the evening, we will go to the Bairro Alto area for dinner and to hear the wonderfully melancholy fado music. SATURDAY 20th June A day of contrasts. ln the morning, a trip to the oldest neighbourhood, Alfama. Its little cobbled streets are charming but it is also one of the poorest parts of the city. We will have lunch in the central Praça do Comércio and then take the metro to the modern Parque das Nações - the site of the Expo, which has some stunning architecture. ln the evening, you are free to enjoy whatever part of thecity you wish. SUNDAY 21" June A coach will take us out of the city to visit Sintra, summer residence of the kings of PortugaL Here, we will see the breathtaking Palácio Nacional and walk around Sintra's beautiful woods and parks, On our way back, we will stop at Cascais, just half an hour from the capital. This is a real Portuguese beach resort, fuII of local people and crarnmed with restaurants, beach cafés and discos. After a relaxing dinner on the beach, the coach will take us back to the hotel. Our retum flight leaves early on Monday morning.
In transit <'1 Are these sentences true or false? If false, explain why.
lhe Real Thing:
1 There is nothing organised on the Friday afternoon. 2 On Saturday afternoon, you will visit an ole!part of
1
the city.
3 Cascais is popular with Portuguese people. 4 Vou will spend Sur.day evening outside Lisbon. 5
Look at the examples and answer the questions. MRS SMITH: MR SMITH: MRS SMITH:
Find words or expressions in the text that mean the same as the words below.
50 do I / Nor do I
MR SMITH:
r reaIly needed a holiday.
did I. don't like fado at a11. Nor do r. 50 r
Does Mr Smith agree or disagree with his wife?
1 tour guide (Thursday) 4 beautiful (Saturday) 2 sad lFriday) 5 impressive (Sunday) 3 delightful (Saturday) 6 packed (Sunday)
Note: We can use nar do 1 ar neither do I.
6 tabulous and stunning are positive adjectives. How many
2
others can you find? Why are there 50 many in this text?
M
Listen and complete
1
I hate package holidays.
A:
the conversations.
B: ""·0 00·1.
SpeaJ
I, I
&_L_is~te_n_i_n_g
_
A:
1 What things can go wrong on holiday? Tell your partner about a problem you have had when travelling.
2
A:
Voujust don't have any freedom to do what you want. I didn't like the food in the hotel.
B:
2
i
Mr and Mrs Smith went on the trip to Lisbon. They had
A:
problems with ali of the topics below. Predict what went wrong for each one.
~ach \~tel
J
crowds entertainment room local transport sights
flights weather
3
A:
It was really disgusting, wasn't it? I don't like travelling by plane.
B:
A:
"\ ) 4
A:
It's really scary, isn't it? Especially the take-off and landing. I went on holiday in July.
B:
A:
I
Really? Where did you go?
Listen again and mark the stress. Practise saying the responses. 3
Match the sentences to make rules.
1-4 to
1 positive sentence 2 negative sentence 3 present simple sentence 4 past simple sentence 3
M
Listen to Mr and Mrs Smith describing you guess correctly?
their trip. Oid
4 When they get home, the Smiths write to the travei agency. Listen again and complete their letter of complaint with the problems in brackets.
Dear Sirs, We took your trip to Lisbon last weekend and it was terrible! First of ali, 1 tne flignt wa" late (flights). When (hotel roam). we finally arrived, 2 On Friday, 3 (local transport). Then, on Sunday morning, 4 (sights) and 5 (crowds). That afternoon, _________ (beach) and then finally _________
4
a b c d
responses a-d
use neither / nor use so
use did use do
Work in pairs. Imagine these sentences are true for you. Agree with them and then give more information.
I like travelling on my own. ""o 00 \. Vou
1 2 3 4 5
um 00 f-1'ac.t\i wnat iOU want.
I travei a lot for my work. I went to the beach last summer. I don't enjoy camping. I have two holidays every year. I didn't go onholiday last year.
(weather).
As you can see, we had an awful time and expect you to return our money. Yours faithfully, Mr and Mrs Smith 45
I
Ga]~year ~eaking
Listening
& Reading
1 Discuss these questions.
1 What is a gap year? 2 How long does it last? 3 When and why do people take one? 2
Read the text and check your answers.
15 MONTHS THA CANCHANGE
YOUR LIFE
Teachers and students agree - a gap year is a unique experience that can change your life forever. Gap years usually begin when a student leaves school in June and last uhtil they start higher education in October of the following year. Prince William's decision to have a gap year in Patagonia was typical of young people in the UK - theytake a break from studying and see some of the warld before going on to university ar college. It's an opportunity to enjoy a bit of adventure, travei, maybe gain some work experience or spend some time helping other people.
3
Discuss these questions.
1 Have you ever taken a gap year? Where did you go? 2 Where would you like to go if you could spend a gap year anywhere in the world?
M
1
Listen to four people talking about their plans for a gap year Match the speakers with the photos (a-d)
2
Listen again and complete
the table.
--------+'-------lWhere
place? there? study? are they Why have they IWhat are they II What are they
Sarah Adam
I"going?
Raff Karen
chosen this Wànt~ to I1e-Ip peoplc in tl1c
I
going to do
going to
ckvcloping I'wrlol Notl1ing I
.3 In your opinion, whose gap year is going to be the most
1 adventurous
I
I"
2 relaxing
Give reasons for your answers.
3 boring
4 interesting7
_·I;~~j I I I I I
hé:mguªg~fº~C:_lI~
[fi ![afiS!! IBJ,;
~
_
wi/I and Çjoing to Look at the example and complete the rules. I'm going to try Rome tIrst because I think there'll be more job opportunities there.
II I
We use _ We use
I
Turn to Reference Guide, page 46. Look at transcript 5.8 and find other examples of plans and predictions. Write some here.
I
i
:1
+ infinitive to talk about plans. + infinitive to make predictions.
Plans
~
M
Listen to three conversations. What is each about? Do the speakers make a decision? If so, what is it?
Langl.J.ªg~tos_~s
_
might
Predictions
I might stay in, or I might go to the cinema. I might not go to the party.
I
Read the examples above and underline the correct word in the rule.
Remember! We also use wi11+ infinitive for spontaneous decisions.
We use might • I (not) + infinitive when something is certain / uncertain. In conversation, we often say I might do and I might not as an answer to a questiono A: Are you going to buy a new watch?
Match the sentences (1- 3) with the uses (a-c).
a) plan b) prediction c) spontaneous decision 1 I'm tired. I think nl go to bed. 2 I'm going to study abroad next year.
3 My parents wjJ] be lonely without me. Note: going to is also used for predictions when there is some present evidence for this prediction: That car is going to crash. (it is travelling too fast) Sometimes, both wi11and going to can be used: Hurry up, or we'll be late / we're going to be late. Note: For plans that are sure to happen, we use the Present Contin1.lous, not going to.
B: I might do. A: Are you going to buy your own flat soon? B: I might not. I quite like living with my
parents. What other ways do you know of saying I might do and I might not? See Reterence Guide, p. 9. See Workbook, p. 37, exs. 5-7
I'm flying to Rio de Janeiro tonight. Look - here's the plane ticket!
â~ª king
See Reterence Guide, pp. 8-9. See Workbook, pp. 30-37, exs. 3-4.
,,
_
Se indecisive! Answer the questions with might, giving at least two possibilities.
Practice
j
1 Are these sentences plans, predictions or spontaneous decisions? Complete them with will or going to + verbo
( carry_~ study tak~ wear 1 I'm sure the meeting .'illll.J& very sucessful.
_
1 Are you indecisive? Do you find it difficult to make a decision?
I
í
L" " ~tenmg
t
:;in )
pre.dic.tion
2 Next year, 1 Japanese in Tokyo. 3 That suitcase looks heavy. Give it to me and 1 it for you. 4 It's very sad, but Arsenal (not) the league. 5 What (you) to the wedding? 6 'Oh no, look at the time]' 'Don't worry, Jim you to the station.' 2 Write five sentences about your plans for next year. I'm going to 100K for 3 ne.wjob.
Read your partner's sentences. Who has the most adventurous plans?
1
AT THE BAR:
What are you going to have?
I don't Know. I might might e.ve.n ...
2
IN THE SHOPS:
'" or I might
... or \
What are you going to buy
your mum? 3 4
When are you going to f1y? PARTY: What are you going to take as a present? 5 AT UNIVERSITY: What subjects are you going to study this year? BOOKING A FLIGHT:
GOING TO A DINNER
8
~
~
Reply
X
~S
Reply Ali .. Forward
l~ \~ Previous
Delete
Print
':0
t7T\
Next
Attachments: phot01.jpg To: [email protected] Subject: Wish Vou were here
Do vou ever send e-mails when Vou are on holiday? Who to? What information do vou include? ,..;, Read Mike's e-mail and answer the questions. 1 Where is it frem? How do you know? 2 What do you think Mike's relationship is with: a) Ben and Tina b) Georgina? Is the text formal or informal?
Hi! Having a lovely time here. Photo attached. Went surfing yesterday - waves fantastic. As for the tapas, the fried fish is just amazing. Georgina loves that, of course! Tomorrow we're going to cross the Straits. 11'11
be strange to be in a different
continent. Still, it's only 14km from here. Hope you're both OK and Mum and Dad are fine. We'lI bring vou back an exotic present from Africa! Miss Vou lots. Love Mike
Explain your answer with examples frem the text.
e-nlail Work in pairs. Student A: Complete the e-mail for Raff. He's on holiday in Brazil. Student 8: Complete the e-mai! for Sarah. She's teaching English in Rome. Use a word or phrase frem each paír ín the box. ·-·---j;each I t~;;;~hing surfing Ilanguage guided tour I camping trip students I waves Tuscany I the jungle cappuccino,' caipirinha
2
Imagine Vou are in another country, either working or on holiday. Write an e-mail to your friends ar family.
~
Yºfª_º-l.Jlar~ I roam facilities
D·
F~ ?;:;t;.
To:
gang>
Subject
Hi!
X
--"Ç.
Forward
Reply An
Reply
Print
Delete
Hi everybody!
Match the two columns.
1
sea miniroom en air suite internet satellite
g) b) connection f) e) terrace bathroom d) bar h) views TV c) conditioning
5473 26
Private1a) ,e",ice 2
When vou stay in a hotel, which of these facilities are ímportant to vou?
So far, so good
... Having
a great
time
here.
I'm sitting
ín
a café drinking an authentíc 1 c.appUc.c.ino/Gaipirinna they're much better than in England! Really enjoyíng the 2 the 3 are fantastic. I'm doing very well wíth my 4 learn. I'm going with some
friends.
Well,
take care,
Love
Raff / Sarah
course. on a 5 1'11
and
It's really not in 6
send 1'11
vou another
wríte
again
50
difficult to at the weekend
e-mail
soon.
from there.
I
I I ;
I 's
li······
Julie and Jeanette want to book a hotel on the coast of Ireland for a few nights.Julie is looking for a comfortable room with sea views.Jeanette doesn't mind being further frem the sea; she would prefer sornewhere cheap but with a rnini-bar:
I
M
II I
Listen to their phone conversations with three hotels and complete the table.
.1
I
I I
How much is a double room per night?
IIs breakfast included?
I
What faciJities are there?
Shannon Hotel Murphy's Hotel
I 4q curo",
Atlantic Hotel I air c.onc\itioning, I
Which hotel do you think they should choose? Why? <~
M They phone to make a reservation at one of the hotels. What was the problem? Listen again and cornplete the conversation. R:
JE: R:
JE: R: JE: R:
JE: R:
JE: ..d
Hello, um ? Yes, I called earlier. a double room for next weekend. Certainly, madam. a 10% deposit on the room with a credit card? Of course. How much was the room again? Er, '" 95 euros, in total. Vou told us it would be 85! That offer has finished, madam. Oh. a mini-bar though? Yes, all the rooms have a mini-bar. OK, the reservation anyway. Thanks. My visa number is ...
Work in pairs. Look at these phrases. Which ones would a) the hotel receptionist say, b) the customer say?
Can I help you? l' d like to book ... I was looking for ...
Could you leave a deposit of. ..? Does the room have ... ? Let me see / check.
What other facilities are there? How much is it? Can I ring back to confirm?
ú Act out a dialogue between a hotel receptionist and a custorner. Use the phrases above to help you. Student A: Turn to pagel19 Student.B:Turn to page 121
Food to go • Fast food
• Comparatives and superlatives • First condítional
• lu:1 & lul • Orderíng food
• Recípe words
Fast food, junl< food Speaking & Reading
1
Discuss these questions.
1 2 3 4 5 2
What is junk food? Think of some examples. Which of these do you eat? Is fast food the same as junk food? Why is junk food so popular these days? Where can you eat fast food in your town? Would you ever eat anything like 'The Full Monty'?
Do the questionnaire. What kinds of people do Vou think A, B and C are? Turn to the key on page 119. Do vou agree with the results?
rI
"\" r)" 1'\ ..J....J ri
I____
Where do
VOU
usually !lave your evening meal?
fast food good for vou?
A
No. Most of it has no nutritional value at ali.
B
It depends. Sometimes out and sometimes at home. In a sandwich bar or fast food restaurant.
B C
Some things like sandwiches are OK. I don't care about that. Ilike the taste and
2 What do Vou normally !lave for supper? A
A full three-course
B
It depends. Sometimes a full meal and sometimes a sandwich.
C Whatever
meal.
I can find in the fridge.
3 How ofien do vou have breakfast standing up? A B
Never. Sometimes.
C Very often.
4 How often do Vou go to a fast fooe! restamant (e.g. McDonald's)? A B C
150
15
At home.
C
-J
5
A
~.
Onlv in absolute emergencies. From time to time - if I'm in a hurrv. Often. l1's quicker and more fun than eating at home or in a traditional restaurant.
tha1's the important
thing.
6 How often do vou have snacks like crisps or chocolate bars between meals? A B
Not very often. Perhaps if I'm travelling. Often. TheV give vou energy when Vou need it.
C Alwavs. The temptation
is toa great.
7 Do Vou ever buV convenience or trazEmfoods? A Never. I always cook with fresh ingredients. B Sometimes, when there's nothing in the fridge. C Ali the time. I live on miorowave meals.
8 What would Vou like for
Vou!"
main mea! today?
A A vegetarian salad and grilled fish. B A Chinese takeawav. C A hamburger and French fries.
3
Match the shopping receipts to A, B or C people. Then think of a few more items to add to each list.
4
Work in groups of three. Adopt the roles of A, B and C people. Imagine that you have just met outside the supermarket. Talk about what you have bought and why.
o
® Fish
fl.49
fingers
Frozen
Organic carrots 1. 2 kilos
fO.80
Fresh
fI. 25
fl.05 fO.56
f2.99
pizza
spaghetti
orange
juice
Sliced
white
bread f2.49
Haagen-Dazs
ice-cream
EO.92
pringles Chocolate
chip
Vocabulary Fast food
1
f1.80
cookiesfO.45
Skimmed
milk
fO.38
Low
yoghurt
f1.29
0.8 kilos
fO.93
fat
Apples
& Listening
Which ingredients do youassociate with these fast foods? Put the words into the correct column. Some words can go in more than one column.
Microwave 6 cans BananaS
meal
of beer
f,5.99
1.4 kilos
4
Which is the healthiest food? Which is the least healthy? Is that a surprise?
5
Test your memory. Complete the extracts from the recording with these adjectives. best hcnlthicr most popular
fI. 35
least healthy much better
1 A good, standard burger is a lot l1e.a\tl1ie.rthan
hamburger
pizza
I
you imagine. 2 I imagine pizzas are for you than hamburgers. 3 One of the dishes these days is the pizza. 4 This makes the pizza one of the fast foods. 5 The baked potato is definitely the fast food option.
baked potato
bnf butter fried onion sesame seed bun -Beef-
cheese French fries lettuce olives tomato ketchup tuna
Pronunciation
/m/ tood and /u/ cook 1
A
Listen to the sentences. Which word, cook or tood, is pronounced with a longer vowel sound? She's a great cook. They serve great food.
2
2
3
Cook is pronounced sound./ul Food is pronounced sound./u:1
M
Listen to a food expert. Which of the ingredients in Exercise 1 does she mention for each type of fast food?
1 2 3 4 5
Listen again and complete the table. calories
fat
advice
burger pizza baked potato
3 I Ve.r~fe.w
Read the information. Then circle the /u:/ sounds and underline the /u/ sounds in the phrases below. like put. It is a shorter like school. 1t is a longer
a b@t:ifuls@p fast food is good for you a superb menu wonderful mushrooms unusual fruit
A Listen and check.
Practise saying the phrases.
Death by chocolate
2
Do you think these sentences about chocolate or false?
1 Women buy less chocolate than men. 2 There is evidence that chocolate is addictive. 3 Chocolate raises your blood cholesterollevels and gives you spots (acne). 4 Chocolate contains caffeine. 5 Youshould avoid chocolate if you suffer from migraines. 6 The world's greatest chocolate eaters are the British.
Speaking & Reading 1 Discuss these questions.
1 Are you addicted to any foods or drinks? 2 How long have you been addicted? 3 How much do you eat / drink of this product every day? 4 Do you like chocolate? How much of it do you eat and in what form?
Read the article and check your answers. Rewrite the false sentences. 3
Which fact do you find most surprising?
L
oc
EverybodY cup obscsscd of cocoa with bcfore to bcd Briton ar a Mars bar on theloves bus -chocolate. the BritíshA are it. gaing Thc average eats 10kg of chocolate a year. \Vomen eat far more chocolate than men, an amazing 67% af total chocolate consumption. And the most popular snacl<.is KitKat - fifty are eaten every secolld in tbe DI<. Chocoholics are peop1c with a chocolate obscssion. Eut are thcy addicts? Not according to reccnt research. This shows that chocolate is not as addictive as eoffec - in f.let, therc is no proof that chocolate creates addiction at alI. Anel it's a lot better for you than \ve thought. Some scicntists say that it releascs the same chemicals that your body produces when Y0l! are in love. Now that can't be a bad. thing! Some more good nev,'5 - ir doesn't r;Úse your chokstcroI give YOll acne, as peoplc bclievc, and it can even bc good for your tccth! It does, howcver, contain caffeinc anel is bad ifyou get headachcs. 50 . the kast scnsiblc time to cat it,is at nigbt. The British lave chocolate but they are not as obsesscd as the Swiss. Thc Swiss J.rc officially theworld's grcatest chocolate caters - b11tthcn Syviss chocolate is the best!
ii
I·•
li 11
lili
152
l_~ __ J
(:j-?W_
are true
leve!
01'
Food to go 2
Language tocus
Listen again and answer these questioilS
1 How long has he been a chocoholic?
Comparatives and superlatives
'5ioc.e he \
2 3 4 5 6
Comparative sentences Which sentence has a different meaning frem the others?
1 Coffee is more addictive than chocolate. 2 Coffcc is as addictive aS chocolate. 3 Chocolate is not as addictive as coffee. 4 Chocolate is 1essaddictive than coffee.
3
Complete the rules.
To compare two things that are the same, we use: as + adjective + . To contrast two things, we can use: • more /less + adjective + . . • not as + adjective +
Turn to the Reference Guide, page 48, and look at transcript 6.4. Find phrasal verbs that match these definitions.
1 increase (weight) 2 reduce (a habit) 3 start (a habit)
We can also compare using more / less / tewer + noun + than.
01'
.
fewer.
01'
The Real Thing:
.
2
1 Complete the sentences with comparative or superlative adjectives. Se careful! These ones are irregular.
1 Coca Cola is (good) drink in the world. 2 The (bad) time to eat fruit is at night. 3 Being a vegetarian is (good) than eating red m&at. Do you agree with these statements? 2
How many sentences can you make comparing following things?
the
chocolate & fruit Britain & your country summer & winter fruit
if,o't 3f, OiC.f 3f, C.hOW\3k
Listening & Vocabulary 1
M
Listen to an interview with chocoholic Oliver Penrose. Are these sentences true or false?
1 2 3 4
1 What do f11r and by far rnean here? 2 \ÍVhichdo we use with comparatives? 3 Which do we use with superlatives?
.
Practice
Oliver is overweight. His chocolate obsession doesn't worry him. His mother gave him his first chocolate bar. He has tried to give up.
far, by far
It's far wol'so whon 1haven 't got much 0150 to do. 1t was by far the most dclicioLls thinO I'd evel' tastcd.
The least sensible time to eat chocolate is at night The Swiss eat the most chocolate. VVhoeats the fewest vegetab1esand the least fruit?
See Reterence Guide, pp. 9- 70. See Workbook, pp. 36-7, exs. 7-6.
4 stop (a habit) 5 recover from (an illness)
7 Look at the examples and answer the questions.
Superlative sentences
1 With countable nouns, we use the 2 With uncountable nouns, we use the
put 00
4 What else can people beco me addicted to? Make a list with I your partner. Which are the most dangerous? Why?
There are more chocoholics in Switzer1and than in the UK Chocolate has less caffeine than coffee. The British eat fewer Mars bars than KitKats.
With uncountable nouns, we use more With plural countable nouns, we use
How much chocolate does he eat a day? When does he eat chocolate? Why did he start eating so much? Why does he want to stop? What does he think he should do?
(6:5) Listen and complete
the sentences.
1 Don't buy Cruithere. lt's f3r c.h~ at the rnarket. 2 Don't go to work if you're li!. It's _ to resto 3 Christmas is time 01' the year. 4 Take the plane - it's way to Det there. Listen again and mark the stress.
-I I
I I
I
The big diet
I
I
Speaking & Reading
I
I
1 Discuss these questions.
1 Do you know the 1V programme Big Brother? What happens in it? 2 What do you think happens on a 1V programme called The Big Diet?
I
2
Read the information your answers.
3
Complete the headings with these words.
LOSERS PLAYI:n.S
on the right and check
WINNER MISSION
PLACE PRESSURE
PRIZE 4 Which is the best summary of the programme? Which information is false in the other two summaries?
THE I?L-/\Y6\Z-'5: 12 overweight people (some weighing over 100 kilos) - six men and six women. THE To go on an extreme diet. Contestants have to Iose approximately two kilos a week. They aIso have to do strict exercise and gym seSSlons. 2
:
THE LIMIT: The contestants are allowed to consume only 1,200caIories a day.
SummaryA
THE The contestants are trapped in a Iuxury mansion somewhere in the middIe of the countryside.
12 overweight people are locked in an old house where cameras watch them. They have to follow a strict diet and cannot eat
42 cameras watch their every move THE and broadcast them 24 hours a day on television and the internet.
3
any unhealthy food. After 100 days, the 1V audience picks the person who they think has lost the most weight.
Summary B 12 overweight people are trapped in a mansion and their mission is to lose as much weight as possible. The winner is the person who loses the most weight in 100 days. The contest is made more, difficult because there is a lot of tempting food in the house.
4
:
:
THE CHALLENGE: Contestants have to avoid the 'temptation fridge', which is in the house and contains all their favourite snacks like chocolate, ice-cream and cakes. If contestants give way to temptation THE or fail to Iose two kiIos a week, they have to Ieave the programme. 5
:
THE The person who manages to Iose the most weight after 100 days. 6
:
THE ' : The winner will receive the weight he / she has Iost in gold. THE CONTROVERSY: Many people have criticised the programme for encouraging anorexia among young people and for promoting the idea that being overweight is an essentially bad thing.
Summary C 12 people over 100 kilos in weight have to live together in a country house, while 1V cameras watch them suffer. They have to eat two kilos of food a week; if they don't, they have to leave the house. The winner is the first person to lose 20 kilos.
r
r
1
,
i
III .
lII
II,I I
~ I
I
I
Speaking
Language focus
1 What do you think of programmes you think they are so popular? 2
like this? Why do
Look at this advice for losing weight. Do you agree / disagree? Why?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Vou shouldn't eat meat. Vou should have snacks between meals. Vou should take up smoking. Vou should fali in lave. Vou shouldn't eat late at night. Vou should keep a note of the food you eat. Vou should drin};.lots of water. Vou should have an operation.
Remember! We can use shouldn't
+
First conditional
M Listen and complete
Look at the sentences above and choose the correct words to complete the rules.
First conditional refers to past I present I future time. The main clause willl will not definitely happen. Complete the rule with infinitive, present simp/e and wi//.
To form a first conditional sentence, we use: If +
Look at Reference GtJide page 48-9, complete the gaps.
Ifyôu want to 10seweight, Ifyou want to be hea1thy, you
transcript 6.6 and
in love. smoke.
What other structures can we use in real conditionals?
Listening
M
+.
Other real conditionals
infinitive to give advice.
See Reference Guide, pp. 70-17. See Workbook, p. 37, ex. 7.
1
the sentences.
if clause main clause you'll __ fat for sure. If you __ a lot af meat, If your weight __ a problem, this will __ YOU.
See Reference Guide, p. 77. See Workbook, p. 38, exs. 8-9.
Listen to four people talking about losing weight.
Practice 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Be careful! Some are negative.
1 If I want to lose weight this summer, I Y-ii\\ 90 (go) on a diet. 2 I (take) a tablet, if I (feel) sick on the trip 3 IfI (need) to relax, 1 (go) on holiday. 4 1 (buy) a new car, ifI (make) enough money this year. (have) time at the weekend, I _ 5 IfI (gol and see my parents. 6 IfI (have) anything to do, I _ (watch) television. Speaking Work in pairs. Listen to your partner's him / her advice. f-.:
I ne.ed
\'7:
If '(ou Y-i21tc.nfi\mn
to \e.21rn Sn9\inn
problem and give
f2lnt.
in Sn9\inn,
'(ou'\1
\e21rn re21I\'( quiC.k\'f-
Student A
I can't sleep at night. I need to learn English fast. I'm stressed out with work. I'm worried about my exams. Match the speakers 2
(1-4)
with their pictures (a-d).
Listen again. Which advice from Speaking exercise 2 do they mention? 1
-
2lvoic\ c.21rbol1'(c\r21ten
Student B
I get a lot of bad headaches. I feel depressed and I can'! get out of bed in the morning. I never have any money. I find it hard to meet new people.
Eat in ar takeaway?
4 Complete the recipe using ingredients and verbs from Exercises 2 and 3. 1
the walnuts. 2 a saucepan of water. 3 Reducethe heat and melt the and in a bowl over the hot water.
Vocabulary_ Recipe words 1 Discuss these questions.
Beat the and sugar together in a separate bowl. 5 the sugar and eggs to the chocolate mixture.
4
1
Are you a good cook? 2 What recipes do you know? 3 Do you know any typical US or British recipes?
2
Match photos a-i with verbs from this list. add
bake melt
beat
pour
boil serve
6 Add the and flour and stir well. 7 the mixture into a baking tray. 8 in the oven for about 30 minutes. 9 Removethe brownie and let it cool. eut it into squares and with cream. Oeliciousll
chop stir
Listening 1
M
Listen to someone telling a friend how to make a well-known dish. Answer the questions.
1 What ingredients does she mention? mina,d m~ât,'" 2 1sthe dish easy or difficult to make? 3 What do you think the recipe is for? 2
Listen again and tick the Iinking expressions you hear. Finally First of al1./ 1nthe first place Next Then To finish To start with When that's done _ When that's finished
When that's ready
Turn to the Reference Guide, page 49, transcript 6.8 and check. Compare it to the written recipe in Exercise 4. What differences do you notice?
Speaking & Writing_ Your own recipe 1 Tell your partner how to cook something. Use linking expressions from Listening, Exercise 2.
2 Write down your recipe. Use the chocolate brownie recipe to help you. Put the ingredients first. List the actions step by step (1, 2, 3 ...) Use imperatives: i\dd '" c..l1op ...
3
Look at other students' recipes. Which one would you most like to eat / cook? Why?
Pronunciation Food
3
Complete the list with ingredients needed for the recipe. Look at the photos and use your imagination!
banlina biscuit chocolate fruit cake margarine sandwich toffee vinegar
Makes 16 brownies 100 g
Two large
50 g
20015
100g __
50 g
156
I
1 Look at these words. Do any words have the same or very similar spelling in your language?
flour
l;:r~~-R
ketchup yoghurt
2 How do you say the words in English? Mark the stress. (~ Listen é;lndcheck. Which words sound most different from your language?
Food to go
6
1 Answer the questions.
1 How often do you eat out? 2 What type of food do you like? 3 Think of your favourite place to eat. Why do you like it so much? 2
GôJ Listen and complete the questions. Mark the stress and intonation.
1 Are 2 3 4 5
you re.ào'[ to ? Can we have the , please? Can we see the menu in , please? Can I get you anything ? Would you like to see the ?
Who is asking each question: the waiter / waitress or the customer?
3
Match questions 1-5 above with answers a-e. a) b) c) d) e) ~
Look at these phrases. Who would say them: the waiter / waitress or the customer? Can I have cream with the apple pie? Here you are, madam. Are you ready to order? I'll have the moussaka. Certainly, sir. Can I get you anything else? I'd like to see the wine list, please.
7 In pairs, practise ordering food in a restaurant. Student A: You are the waiter / waitress at Café Deco. Student B: You are a customer at Café Deco.
No, thanks. Just some water, please. Of course, sir. Sorry about that. Yes. I'll have the fried fish. No, thanks. Just the bill, please. Certainly; sir.
Starters Avocado salad
Listen and check.
Melon with ham
4 ~
Listen to three dialogues. What type of restaurant are the people in?
Carrot
and coriander
soup
Main courses Cod and chips
5
Listen again. What does each couple order? Complete the table. food 1
2
3
I e.nc.ni\àOàf>witn c.ne.e.f>e./notouioe.o
I drink
Vegetarian pie Lamb moussaka Desserts Chocolate Home-made Strawberries
cake apple pie and cream
The Cinnatnon Club
Iqbal
While you watch
VOX~I!S [07:42-08:28] Watch the vox pops and answer the on-screen questions.
1
li
Watch again. Who says it?
;) My favourite food in the world is sushi.
1
Test your memory. Complete the gaps. IQBAL:
I
TRAVIS:
Probably __ Once in a
LUKE:
four times a week. , a week ... moon.
2
What do these numbers
1 11 months = 1I1e-re-st3ur3nt ope-ne-dli months 390.
;) 2000
4 1894
The building was originally
...
b) a nightclub
c) a library
answer.
a) When did Iqbal's family come over to Britain? 1964/1968/1974 b) How old was Iqbal when they arrived? 8 months / 12 months / 18 months
Discuss in pairs. 1 What's your favourite type of food? 2 How often do you eat out? ;) Where's your favourite place to eat? Why do you like it?
:2 Which of these adjectives would you use to describe the food where you live? delicious fast fattening healthy home-made simple sophisticated spicy
varied
c) What did his parents do? They were ... journalists / restaurateurs / academics Watch again and check.
Sequence
li 1
:5 The Cinnamon Club is a restaurant.
2 [10:07-11:28]
Watch sequence 2 and answer the qUestions.
Where does Iqbal want to open other new restaurants? cities you hear.
----
What are the typical dishes?
Athens London
Amsterdam Dublin"!
What
do you think it is?
cinnamon /'SIn3ffi3n/ (n): a brown spice which comes from the bark of a tree. It comes in a brown powder ar small stick.
2
At lunchtime, a) students
Berlin
Tick the
Bombay Paris
New York
the Cinnamon Glub serves a lot of ... b) Members of Parliament
c) celebrities
lJ In the evening, the Cinnamon Club serves a lot af ... a) business people
IS8f§~ I
refer to? Make sentences.
2 230
lJ Circle the correct
Before you watch
type of restaurant
in
Watch sequence 1 and answer the questions.
a) a shop
Watch again and check your answers.
1
1 [08:29-10:06]
Iqbal Wahhab is the owner ofthe Cinnamon Club, a new restaurant the heart of London.
1 I think it'd have to be Italian food, 2 Ilike French food.
2
Sequence
b) media people
c) TV personalities
.Herbsand spices
Sequence 3 [11:29-13:10]
li
[11:29-12:12] Watch part 1 of sequence Without herbs and spices, our food would be very boringl The herbs and spices that we use every day come from ali over the world.
3 and answer the questions.
1
How often does the Cinnamon Club change its menu?
1 Find these horizontal,
2
:;
herbs and spices in the box. (Words may be vertical or diagonal.)
Iqbal says that British cuisine ... a) b)
is still quite traditional is a mixture of ali the world's cuisines.
c}
has changed a lot in recent years.
Iqbal talks about going out to eat in London. Which nationalitíes does he mention? Tick the words you hear. Bangladeshi Egyptian French
Belgian Eritrean Indian
Brazilian Ethiopian.l Italian Cc
4
garlic
mustard
pepper
oregano
F 1 B yA JL E C S F E R T M L II
P N O R Z K R I P C O V C N G H U O N)
[12:13-13:10] Watch the rest ofthe O S R N T U M A sequence. Listen to the chef and complete the gaps.
We opened the CinnamonClub in ' __ last year after long, long delays. I'm here from 2 __ every morning up until, you know, the end of the night, six days, 3 __ days a week. We've got tandoori ovens, which are tike clay ovens which are coal-fired, and they go up to ' __ of 2500 to 3500 centigrade - really, really fired and, yau know, hot. Watch the whole DVO again and answer the on-screen questions.
mint 2
Match each herb or spice with a definition. This comes from Asia and has a strong, sweet flavour with a cool aftertaste. It is used in salads, Moroccan tea and toothpaste.
2 This is a seed. The French add it to cold meats and cheeses,
After you watch
and the Americans put it on their hamburgers. Can you remember? Tick the furniture and objects that you see in the Cinnamon Club. ~ a bar i
l~
bookcases
a fountain a painting
a bowl of petals
an Indian carpet
a mirror
velvet a plant curtains a staircase
3 This spice comes from Sri Lanka.lt is used in cakes and biscuits and you can put it on top af cappuccino coffee. 4 A dried leaf with a strong smel!. It is used in tots of Italian foods, especially pizza. 5 This spice has been available since Roman times. There are three main types: green, white and black. tt comes from India and Brazil. 6 This is a round white vegetable but it is used as a spice in the farm of a dry powder. It has a very strong smell and flavour and is essential in the Mediterranean diet.
Flashback 2 Vocabulary
1
& $peaking
2 a
football athletics sightseeing holiday a diet swimming camping jog skiing bike ride tennis golf cycling yoga a trip windsurfing basketball exercise aerobics
Work in pairs. Write three words / phrases in each category. Who finishes first in your c1ass?
1 Sports
you play in a team - footba\\, '" Things you can use as a pizza topping Sports you can do on your own Things you need in the mountains Things you need to play tennis Things you could do to lose weight Things you take on a cruise Things you do on a city holiday Places where sports are played 10 Ways of preparing food 11 Ingredients of chocolate brownies 12 Things you wear to go swimming 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Look at Units 4-6 to check your answers.
Match the nouns with the verbs beiow.
playfootba\\,
go ...
do ...
go for a ...
go on ...
h 'Collocation Snap: Write verbs and nouns on pieces of paper and divide into two piles. Tum over verbs and nouns until the noun matches the verbo Shout 'Snap!'
Language focus 7
a Work in pairs. Student Student
A: B:
Read the lifeguard notes. Read the teacher notes.
Use have to / don't have to / must / can / can't / should / shouldn't to write job descriptions. EXAMPLE:
You nave. to watc.n tl1e.~wimmi\'19poo\ a\\ tl1e.time..
b Tell your partner about the job. c Write a description of another job. Read it to your partner. Can he / she guess what the job is?
I I I
I •
•
Lifeguard
Pni11ar!f
prohibited - leave the pool unattended
l'rolu/;iterf - sem! dllí~.{rC/1home ear(g
necessary - watch the swimming pool ali the time
l1ecessmy - arrivc fifteel1 mimrtes /icfõre the
not necessary - stay In the lifeguard's chair
1J0tnccessa!!j - looi
schoo/ teacher
I
C,~1SS b<:glÍ1s
possible - walk around the pool
possibíe - take cÍt'/drcn 011scl1iJd trips tw/ce a !fet1r
not possible - swim ar train while working
f10tposslhle - take Íto;,.•1ü!)S duril~'l the se/1oo1term
a good idea - pay extra attention to children not a good idea - listen to music or read
.J / . L 'LI J"I I a 300(.{ faca - ao pr~'Jel~LS Wlcl1 fie c 11ldrel1 I ~f"'iiomcwo}"/( I l10t a!ll'Or: idea - !live a wt
60
!.
t'
I
I !,
Flashback 2 2 a Write down your plans for the next ten years. Use going to and might. Use these ideas to help you. I'm gOing to c.htlnge.jobs.
fall in love learn to speak Greek change jobs go and live in another country work in television become famous work ir; an office win the lortery buy a flat study abroad go on holiday to Cuba
Listening 1 a •.'F2:i) Listen to the conversation. Which of the restaurants in Exercise 3 are the people in7
b Listen again and write down the orders.
b In pairs, make predictions about your partner's life in the next ten years. Use wi!/ and might. I thin\.: iOU'\\
c.hânge.jobs.
c Compare your predictions to your partner's plans.
3 a
c Listen again and vvrite dovvn the phrases they use to order their food.
Discuss these questions.
Turn to the Reference Guide, page 50, transcript F2.1, to check your ansvvers.
1 Where's your favourite restaurant? 2 \i\That type of places do you like?
b Look at the advertisements
for three restaurants. Write sentences comparing them. Use the words below to help you. comfortable convenient cheap big exotic expensive late small early traditional trendy tasty
1
welcome speech for a group of tourists. Include the follovving: • What the weather will be like • What they'll do during their stay • Places they'll visit • Things they might eat and drink
'Tó\.:e.'i:Junhi' in tre.naie.r thân '[li no' n'. '6lino' n' inn't ân e.r-pe.nsive.ân 'Tó\.:e.'i:Junhi'.
c Work in groups. Which of the restaurants would you prefer and why?
ti ~
.
a Vou are a holiday company rep. Prepare a
b Give your vvelcome speech to your classmates. Ansvver any questions they have .
2 Work in groups of five. Role-play the following situation.
Pasta & pizza
Student A: You've finished school and you're trying to decide what to do next. Student B: You're Ns friend. You play together in a bando You think you should try to become professional musicians. Student C:You're Ns boyfriend / girlfriend. You'd like to go travelling together for a year. Student D: You're Ns teacher. You think A should go to university. Student E:You're Ns mother / father. You work in an office and can get A a job there.
•••• ·>'GINO'S ...The~:ge't p;=' totowo at the best prices from 1::1 Q.
Seating for 30 people. Open 7pm - 2am.
Who is the most persuasive? Specia/ities' sushi and sashimi From 1;15 Localed in lhe Aciria cinema
complex.
Open8pm - midnight dai/y.
3
a Work in groups. You're going to open a restaurant where you live. Plan your restaurant Think about ... • the menu • the décor • the location • the opening times • prices
b Present your proposal to the class. Take a class vote on the best restaurant
61
Money talks • Passive voice - present & past • Present Perfect for recent events
• Money collocations
• iD/ 2" iAi
• Make & do
• Apologles
& excuses
Spend, SlJend_, spendJ
Yº-~abul~EY _ !ocations • Look at the pictures. Do you think they are a good use of money or a waste of money? Why? .• Match the two columns. There is more than one correct answer.
bet money _ earn money mvest money borrow money save money spend money waste money win money 162
in a bank account
~
on clothes from a fnend on cigarettes - on a horse race on the lottery in property at work
.;.i
Complete the sentences and then compare with your partner.
1
I waste a lot of money on but I don't spend much money on I like to save about % of the money I have. Sometimes I borrow money from . I once won / 10st a 10t of money on I'd like to buy a but I can't afford it. o
2 3 4 5
o
Money talks Listening What have you spent money on in the last week?
Are you generous or mean? Do you like to save or do you spend extravagantly?
-M
Listen to three people's answers to the question above. Who is the most careful with money? Who is the most extravagant?
Do the questionnaire and then look at the key on page 121. Do you agree with the results? ::; In pairs, write two more multiple-choice questions for the questionnaire. Choose from these topics.
~-------~---------~--buying food
choosing
,
~king a ta.:.~
(
I
s~.'::~9
a holiday
"\
.,
Listen again and complete
,
~
the table.
What did they spend their money on?
Was it expensive?
1 fooa
No
2
3
Almost sales.
never. The clothes
Ilike
1
Boris
Do Vou shop for c10thes in the sales? aren't usually in the
2
Always. Clothes are toa expensive otherwise. Sometimes.
O
3
It depends if I can find a bargain.
1
How much do Vou leave as a tip after a good meal in an expensive restaurant?
10%, or more if the waiters were really nice.
2
I never leave a tipo Waiters earn enough money anyway.
3
It depends on the service but I usually leave some coins.
Ü
A good friend
needs to borrow
money to pay his / her
The Real Thing:
rent. What do Vou do? Give him / her the money without Don't lend him / her anything, get it back.
asking questions.
because I might
never
1
for money. What do vou do? ~, Give some money, even if it's only a little.
It depends. I sometimes looks ill or very thin.
o
Your favourite town
I don't think it
2
M
Listen and complete
Now listen and complete
2 in your 3
Go and buy a CD of their music instead. It's your grandmother's give her?
75th birthday.
What do vou
Something that she would really like. It doesn't matter how much it costs. An old present that someone gave me but that I didn't like.
I: Something
special if I can afford
it.
these dialogues.
I
me do the washjn~l up?
Mark the stress on the missing words.
left are really expensive.
anyway.
B: I 9Ue,55 50. A: Can you help B:
In pairs, practise dialogues using guess and suppose. Use these prompts to help you.
Save my money. I can watch the concert on TV for free.
o
the sentences.
•
give money if the person
What do Vou do? A Buy a ticket
M
1 A: Do you want to carn more money?
pop group is giving a concert
but the only tickets
I guess
Well, \ 9ue,f,5 I spencJ a 10t 01' my money on music. Yes, _,~_ I'm very careful wilh money. That's where the money really Çjoes, . I also like expensive things, ~ __ .
A homeless person stops Vou in the street and asks Vou
Walk past without giving anything. hei ps these people.
/
We use I suppose / I guess when we reflect on something or we are not sure about it.
lend the money if it's really important.
O
I suppose
( ~
carry my bag like your job
lend me money live in a nice-, .. place ._--~-_ -
'\
II
..
_~.
A: C.ou\a '{ou \e,na me, 5Ome, mone,'{ unti\ friaa'(? B: I 5UPP05e, 50. \10'N muc.\1 ao '{ou ne,e,a? ...
,I
2 Guess the correct answer. 1 McDonald's was founded in: a) New York b) California c) Texas 2 Coca-Cola was invented by: a) a pharmacist b) a doctor c) a nutritionist 3 Nokia is based in: a) Japan b) Korea c) Finland 4 The first pair of Levi's@jeans were made in: a) 1853 b) 1873 c) 1903 :} Read the company profiles and check your answers. /: Test your partner's memory. What do these numbers refer to (two per product)? 1886 200 million\ (/8 hours 45 million ~~~
,
__ ~91
_ 1960~
Make sentences.
,
i\ ne-w
I ~peaking~
Readil)_g
What companies do vou associate with the products above? Do vou know which company ís the market leader in your country?
Mc.Donalc\'
D r%t21ur21nt
ope-nD e-ve-r'( e.igl1t l1ourD.
Discuss these questions in groups. 1 How often do you eat fast food? Do you ever go to McDonald's? 2 Do you drink Coca-Cola? Do you prefer Pepsi? How much cola do you drink? 3 Have you got a Nokia mobile now ar have you owned one in the past? Do you like mobiles? Why / Why not? 4 Do you think Levi'sq make the best jeans? How often do you buy a pair of jeans?
\ ®
i'mlovin'
it™
The hamburger was invented in 1889, and the first McDonald's opened in 1948 in San Bernadino, California. Now a new McDonald's restaurant opens every eight hours somewhere in the world. The restaurant chain serves about 45 million customers every day. The corporation's yellow M is recognised by people all over the world as a symbol of dynamism, happiness and, above ali, America. The busiest restaurant, however, is in Moscow.
64
I
20/0..../
Coca-Cola is the most successful product in history and today it is sold in 185 countries. The drink was invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Pemberton in Atlanta, Georgia, while he was trying to stop his addiction to morphine. It is estimated that 200 million cans ar bottles of coke are seM every 24 hours. 80% of Coca-Cola's profits now come from outside the United States.
Practice Passlve voice - pre~,E::Tit and past a) Coca··Cola ís sold in 185 countries. b) Coca-Cola was invented by John Pembertol1.
1 Look at the verbs underlined in the texts below. Which are in the passive voice?
1 Complete
the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets - Past Simple or Present Simple, active or passive.
Look at the examples and complete the rules: We form the passive with the verb + past participle. The verb can be in any tense. The subject / object of the verb in the active sentence becomes the subject / object of the verb in the passive sentence. Active: John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola.
1 N owadays, 25 % of the world's cars arB madB (make) in Asia. 2 Before 1980,most Levi's®jeans (produce) in the USA. 3 1n the 1980s, Levi Strauss & eo. (open) a lot of jeans factories in Latin America and Asia. 4 86% of the world's goods (use) by 20% of the world's population. 5 Half the world - nearly 3 billion people _ (live) on $2 a day: 6 Over a quartel' lof the world's goods _ (produce) by 200 multinational companies. 71n 1999, more than half a million people _ (demonstrate) in Seattle in an anti-globalisation marcho
SUbje~ject Passive: Coca-Cola was invented by John Pemberton. subject agent Match usage 1 and 2 to examples a and b above: 1 We can use the passive voice when it is not important (ar we don't know) who did the action. 2 We can use the passive voice to emphasize who did the action (the agent). Find one more example of each usage in the texts. See Reterence Gwde, pp, 77- 72. See Workbook, pp. 45-6, exs. 7-5.
c'
Which of the sentences above do you think give good or bad news? Why? The passive voice is often used in journalism to achieve an impersonal style. Think of recent news reports and tell the news to your partner. A WB\\Kl10wnmurdBrBr waf, arrBf>kd thif, wu·K. T\1Büf,Gar for 17BMDirutor waf, 1'1011 b'l Tarantil1o.
1ronically, the Nokia Corporation started life as a papel' manufacturer - the original form of communication. Nearly 150 years later, this Finnish company is the world's largest mobile phone producer and accounts for more than a quartel' of Finland's total economy. N okia was the pioneer of mobile phone communication. 1n fact, the first text message was sent by the mayor of Helsinki on a Nokia mobile in 1991.
Levi Strauss & CO. was founded in 1853 and 20 years later they produced their first pair of jeans~ The trousers were designed as tough, long-lasting work clothes for the workers of San Francisco. 1n the 1960s, blue jeans became very popular and since then they have Dever gone out offashion. It is estimated that Levi Strauss & Co. now make approximately 2% of the world's clothes.
65
·-qlolJalisatioDc "-'
1 Look at the flag below. What do Vou think it represents? Vou identify any of the logos? 2
Can
Vocabulary Nake and do
_
1 In the exercises on the left we saw the expressions make fun of something / someone and do some good. Complete these expressions with make or do .
Read the text and check your answers to the first question in Exercise 1.
i~
.3' Answer the questions.
i
Why do you think the flag is called the 'Brands and Bands'? 2 What are anti-globalisation demonstrators protesting about? 3 Do you think their protests do any good? 4 Are there any products 01' brands that you don't buy? Why not? These are the opinions of some Americans America flag. Who is in favour of the flag?
..
some good your best a mess a difference
2 3 4 do
on the Corporate
5 6 7 8
money damage business progress
Complete the interview between a protestor and a journalist. Use words from exercise 1.
Do you really think your protests make a 'ei iffe.re.nce.? P: Yes. If enough people join us, we can change the way that big corporations At the moment, North do America and Western Europe make a lot of 3 in poor countI'ies, but they don't use this money to help the people theI'e. We have to do ouI' to stop this. J: But don't you agI'ee that violent pI'otests do a lot of to youI' campaign? ProtesteI's make a in the streets, with graffiti and bI'oken glass. People get angI'y. How does this help you to make a ' ? P: If we can do some 8 in the woI'ld, a few broken windows don't matter . J:
It's shocking to make fun of our national flag like this.
2
It's a great way to make people aware of the prob1em.
•
4
Sadly it won't have any effect on the general publico
5
6
I have no idea what it means, but it's cool!
It's offensive and an insult to all Americans. .3
M
_
Listen and check your answers.
I
This is the Corporate America flag - the 'Brands and Bands'. It is a symbo1 of the antiglobalisation movement. The flag was first used in demonstrations across the United States on July 4th 2001, the USA's Independence Day. It represents the activists' belief that global companies have too much power.
li
I f
Listening
_
Language focus
Present Perfect for recent events Jenny Petersan has already dane a day's work. The mayor has just declared a state of emergency. Look at the examples and complete the rules with just or alreadr.
We often use the Present Perfect withjust already to describe recent events . ...= recently / a very short time ago
and
_= recently / earlier than expected What is the difference between these two sentences? They've just 1eft. They've a1ready left. See Reference Guide, p. 73. See Workbook, p. 46, exs. 6- 7. ,
Practice Complete the sentences and just or already.
with the Present Perfect
1 Do you 2
3
4 5
1
(í5) The first major anti-globalisation protest took place in Seattle in Oecember 1999_ Listen to this news report and answer the questions.
Pronunciation
lul hot and IAI son
1
Are the police and the demonstrators fighting at the moment? 2 Which four companies are mentioned in the report? / Burger King McDonald's Microsoft Starbucks.l' Boeing IBM
(
2
a police officer a conference
1 The
O in English is not always pronounced as in hot. Look at the first syllable of each word. Where is it pronounced like hot and where like son? coffee colour dollar gossip government London orange lovely money office sorry worry
Netscape Benetton
3 Which two people does the correspondent interview? a protester delegate
have an exam today? No. I 've- z.\re-z.c\'{ fini&\1e-c\ (finished) them. My final one was last week. Excuse me, is Susan Jones here? Yes, she is. She ____ (come in). She's over there taking off her coat. Have you made plans for your holiday? Oh yes, I've (book) everything. I did it months ago - I like to be organised. Have you heard the news? Yes! A friend ____ (ca11)me this minute. I can't believe it! Would you like a coffee? No thanks, I _ (have) three today.
{ij;j Listen and check.
~.\
/
Listen again and answer true (T) or false (F). 1 The windows of Starbucks have been smashed. 2 The police used tear gas and rubber bu11ets on the protesters. 3 Jenny Peterson has already done a day's work. 4 The mayor of Seattle has just declared a state of emergency.
I
2 {U)
1 2 3 4 5
Listen and repeat. Practise saying the sentences.
There's not a lot of money left for our trip to London. Did you hear the gossip about the government? Sorry, I forgot to pay for my coff~e. Don't worry. It's only two dollars! Look at the sky! It's a lovely orange colour.
671
I
Sp~akil1g_~_~i~!~l1tI1R __ Work in pairs. Make a Iist of places where vou see advertising. in tl1e- r,tree-t, in màgninef>
...
Are there any products which can't be advertised? "
Look at adverts a and b above and describe each one.
1 What is the image? 2 What do you think it is a1dvertising? Turn to page 124 and look at the complete adverts. Were Vou right?
M
Listen to two marketing students. Which advert is each one describing? Listen again and answer the questions.
1
How do the speakers describe the images? What adjectives do they use? 2 Who are the adverts targeted at? 3 What is the message for each one? Describe the advert on the right.
1 What does the image show? 2 What is it advertising? 3 Who is it targeted at? 4 What do you think the message is? 68 1:1 j:
:
TAGHeuer SWI5)
"""'I;IE St"'CE
U60
Moneytalks Writillg Look at the photos and complete the adverts using these expressions. Then invent a slogan. -ti:
I
ne" ]001: cJass and elegance solid silver our wide range
~p~~~fld_~Cl.rnfCJl'l
__Unr_ep~atable offer
Wear the best sunglasses
f\
ne.,"
\oor.:for this summer.
of frames
money can buy. Choose from
and colours. You won't regret i1.
Sonne-Ban:
LDD\( GDDD IN 11\(, ~UN!
A watch that will last a Iifetime.
Made fram quartz and . __
o
A sign of __
,
wherever you go.
(&. Listen and match the dialogues (1-4) with the pictures (a-d). ~ Listen to these requests and responses again. Complete the sentences.
Alpha:
1' the bill, please?' 'Yes, of course.' 2 ' breakfast brought to room 209, please?' 'Straight away, madam.' 3 ' by credit card?' 'Sure, just one moment.' 4 ' holding the line?' 'We11, OK.' 5 ' some money, please.' 'Certainly, sir.' 6 ' some tickets for tonight's show, please?' 'No problem.' Which of these requests is not made by the customer? Drive the best car an earth, combining fantastic price. Make the mast af this You'll never get the chance again. Sapphire:
at a o
!
_ Work in groups. Choose a product from page 125 and plan an advert. Look at the examples above and think about the questions in Speaking & Lístening, Exercise 5.
The customers are having problems. Match the apologies and excuses they are given (1-4) with the pictures above (a-d).
1 1'm sorry, sir. We're having problems with the line. 2 Sorry about the confusion. Now, how much did you want to change? 3 OK, 1'11see what can do. 1'm afraid we're short of staff tonight. 4 1'm terribly sorry, but there's nothing here for 209.
I
~ Present your advert to the class. Whose product would you buy? Why?
Listen and check.
In pairs, choose a place from pictures a-do The customer has a problem. Act out the conversation. A: Cân I hâVe. the bill. pleâ5e? B: C.ertâinli, 5ir ...
69
•
GOSSlp • Past Perfect • Past Simple Passive
• see, watch, fook at
• Ihl
• The press
• Gossiping
Stars in their eyes
Name
[VVhere are thev
Why are they famous?
Ifrom?
Are they living or dead?
~
a) b) I\<2lrcn c)
C2lrp~nte-r
d) e)
f) g)
h) i) ;
The Real Thing:
Speaking & Listening
1
Swap partners and compare your answers.
3
6i)
Listen to three conversations. Which celebrities are the people talking about?
11e?
Listen and complete the sentences.
He's still reaily attractive, She's incredibly beautifuL
1 In pairs, look at the photos. How much of the table can youcomplete? 2
M
don't you thin/r? iSI1't 7 ?
She's from Australia .. She's a better actorthan
? he !s,
?
Why do we use these expressions? \Vhat would vou say in )four language?
Note: VVeonly use isn't he / she / it? \vith the \Te;'b to ]]8.\\'lt11 other verbs we use doesn't 11eI she I it? 2
63)
Listen to three conversations
and answer the questions for each one.
1 VVhat are t11ey talkil1g about? 2 VVhich of the above expressions
dicl you heélJ-":'
3 Work in pairs. Talk about another celebrily. Try to use the new expressions. Do ~ou \i\C~ v\till 'Smith?
\·k'", re,2lIl~ t"lIe-ntfA1. dorÚ
'jOl' thin\C? ..
Reading 1 Vou are going to read about three musicians. Turn to page 122 and match the musicians to the photos of their fans.
Language focus Past Perfect Look at the example and complete the rule. When they died, they
had made lots af recards.
To form the Past Perfect, we use the verb
+
We use the Past Perfect to show that one action happened befoLe another in the past.
-I
die
earlier past
make records ..
. ~~ past
present
The contraction of had is 'd. Be careful not to confuse it with 'd = wauld. Match the sentences (1- 3) with the pictures (a-c). ,
1 When I got home, my mother had supper. 2 When I got home, my mother was having supper. 3 When I got home, my mother had had supper.
2 In groups, decide which of the three - John Lennon, Karen Carpenter or Kurt Cobain:
1 2 3 4 5 6
3
wasn't born in the United States. died under the age of 30. p1ayed music with his / her brother. was famous in the 60s. had an eating disorder. was married to a famous singer.
See Reterence Guíde, p. 73. See Warkbaak, pp. 57-2, exs. 7-5.
Write questions for these answers.
1 10 million copies. 2 In New York.
3 32 years 01d. 4 One daughter.
Practice
4 What did the three musicians have in common? Complete the sentences, using the past participles of these verbs.
(
be
bccomc
have
make
spend
When they died they had ali ... 1 be-c.ome- very famous. 2 10ts of records. 3 big hits in the charts. 4 married. 5 a 10t of time in the USA. 6 some great songs.
write
)
Complete the sentences in the Past Perfect.
(ask
drink
1eave
-tese-
win
see )
1 He had no money because he \13d IOl\t his job the month before. 2 He was depressed because his wife him for a divorce. 3 She was worried because her daughter _ home without warning. too much beer. 4 He was sick because he a 10tof 5 She was excited because she money on the 10ttery. a snake before she 6 She never carne to Brazil.
~71
Paparazzi Vocabulary The press Match the words (1- 6) with items in the pictures (a-O.
1 2 3 4 5 6
an article a broadsheet newspaper a headline a magazine the paparazzi a tabloid newspaper
I - f
Discuss these questions.
1 Who are the most photographed celebrities in your country? 2 What celebrity scandals have taken place recently? 3 How do you find out about celebrity gossip? 4 What sort of photographs do the paparazzi take?
.
r2
~"- __ ~c;o_L.~ .... -~_ ...
_._._-~_.~------
Listening & Reading A day in the !ire af a
papar_a_.z_zn_.j~~.
1 Look at the three pictures. Imagine the story that they tel!.
_
..~
2
ri, .~,
You are going to listen to the paparazzo telling the story Look at the questions. What do vou think the answers are?
Vocabulary
1 2 3 4 5
1 Look at the examples and read the explanation.
see, watch, /ook at
vVhere is the paparazzo? \Alho does he see? Does he get a good photo in the end? \A1hy does he have to hurry? How does he feel at the end? Vv'hy?
Isee George Clooney and his new girlfriend. I watch the first celebrities arriving. I look at my watch. • VI/esee everything that comes in front of our eyes, sometimes without trying. • VI/ewatch a footbal! match, or children playing - usually something that is happening. • We look at a watch, a timetable, a photo something that we find useful or interesting. We often use the imperative: Look at me! Look at that car!
(sÃ) Listen and check. 3
Choose eight verbs from the box to complete sentences.
C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1~
I
1 1 1 1 1
I
be
phone chase,
the
search ~ fal! feelsee ~ take hide
"')
a cal! from Pepe. my editor. behind the bushes. George Clooney. the limousine. a perfect shot. for the filmo really stupid.
Note: We watch television, but we usually see a film, a p1ay, a TV1programme. 2
1 2 3
Listen again and check. 4
Complete the sentences with see, watch or look at.
4 5 6
Use the verbs in the box above to complete the blog entry Use either the Past Sim pie or Past Perfect tense.
I I like to
television for two hours last night. photos on my computer as a slideshow, it's so easy! From my bedroom window, can 10ts of things. 1t's a great view. 1 __ a football match every weekend if 1cano 1 can't anything without my glasses! that cloud! 1 think it's going to rain.
I
3 Which sentences are true for vou? Make them true where appropriate.
1 Look at the two photos. In what ways are they different? For each one, what do vou think of the photographer? 2
Do vou agree or disagree with these statements? Why?
1 Sports stars and celebrities are paid toa much. 2 People enjoy hearing about celebrities' lives because they are jealous of their success. 3 Newspapers should not censor paparazzi-based stories. 3
Form two large groups and hold a debate.
Group A: Vou are in favour of the paparazzi. Group B: Vou are against the paparazzi. Prepare your arguments,
and present your case.
Take a class vote. Which side won?
Reading
Exposed!
o
11
li
iilll
ARRESTED AGAIN
1 Mateh the newspaper artieles (1-4) with the headlines (a-f). You will not need two of the headlines.
j
_."""~~"'",C"C"""Y'~'_''''KqC'r=_"7'''c1'~'>''"';'"'P'C7,,~,,,.';f:'TC'~"--
2
Are these statements
true or false? If
false, explain why. I:
I'
1 The zoo said they were responsible for the monkey's escape_ 2 Helen took her clothes off as a joke. 3 Sergei hadn't had much experience with animaIs. 4 Justin wanted to hide his sexuality.
li
@ DISCOVERED
li. NAKED AND DRUNK
Language facus Review
HOSPITALISED
Past Simple passive Look at the articles and underline
verbs
in the Past Sim pie passive. Are any of the verbs irregular? Complete the rule.
The Past Simple passive is formed with - "" +" Whieh verb form is used in the
CD
headlines? Why do you think this is?
CAUGHT ON CAMERA
See Reterence See Workbook,
1 The monkey who escaped from Bristol Zoo last weekend was discovered by school children yesterday. Police say that the animal, who was found in a school playground, was fine but a little hungry. The zoo admitted that it need~d to improve its security.
3 Lion tamer Sergei Ivanov was seriously injured by his lion, Sheba, during last night's performance of the Moscow Circus. Ivanov has worked in the circus for over 25 years. He was taken to Springfields General Hospital last night. Doctors say that he is lucky to be alive.
An o'tme.r A \Iunte.r
1 2 3 4 5 6
r
~.
'~'''~ffi_"~'
,~w'h __
c_c_c
c
'' __ -c-c
wa\)
bitte.n b~ hi\)
Hunter attacked by bear.
,),
~::~c
Change these_ headlines into sentenees in the Past Sim pie passive.
Dog bites owner.
4 Super-rich male model Justin Orlando's love affair with British pop singer Ross Curtis was exposed this week. The two men were photographed together in a London restaurant. Orlando, who has never tried to hide his sexuality, said that he was very happy with his new partner. I
6
1 a) The monkey was discovered by school children_ b) The monkey discovered the school children. 2 a) Helen Hicks was stopped by police. b) Heler; Hicks stopped the police. 3 aJ Sheba was seriously injured by Sergei lvanov. b) Sheba seriously injured Scrgei lvanov. 2
i
ex.
1 Choose the eorreet sentenee, a) or b).
I;: I
52-3,
Practice
2 Hollywood resident Helen Hicks was stopped by police early on Sunday morning after dancing around heI' neighbourhood with no clothes on. Hicks had drunk half a bottle of vodka, after an argument with heI' rock guitarist boyfriend Johnny Hedges. A friend says that Ms Hicks was suffering from depression. "1
Guide, p. 72.
pp.
--'--
,,-
wa\)
attaGkcd
b~
a
!
\Ie.r d09.
Dcar.
Gangster shoots mafia boss ClA find drugs in rap group's bags French elect new president Police arrest top model City centre destroyed by fire Celebrities invited to Queen's party
Gossip Reading
._
..
_
1 Put these events from the Helen Hicks story into the correct order. a) She went home. b) She was taken to the police station and charged. c) Neighbours heanl shouting. d) She spent the night with her rock star boyfriend. e) She took off her nightdress. D She left the house angrily. g) A Los Angeles police car picked her up. Read a longer newspaper Hicks and check.
article about Helen
2 Match the paragraphs in the article (1- 5) with the descriptions (a-e). a) b) c) d) e)
background information on Helen Hicks how Helen Hicks felt a summary 01' the news story the end 01' the story an eye-witness account 01' what happened
Writing A news story Write a newspaper article using one of the other headlines on page 74. Organise your story in five paragraphs. Paragraph 1: Summary 01' news story Paragraph 2: Background information on main character Paragraph 3: \!\lhat happened (eye-witness account) Paragraph 4: How the sto1'Yended Paragraph 5: How everyone felt in the end
Pronunciation
/h/ 1 Look at this sentence. Which of the four hs is silent? What happened
to Helen in Hollywood?
(aS) Listen and repeat.
2 Look at these words. Which hs are silent? alcohol character ghost hangover headline honest hour hurry which whole neighbourhood vehicle (s:6)
3
1 HOLLYWOOD. 36-year-old multi-millionairess divorcee Helen Hicks was arrested early on Sunday morning by Los Angeles police after she had walked around her neighbourhood drunk and completely naked. 2 Helen is the dose friend of a number of Hollywood stars. She had spent the night with her rock guitarist boyfriend Johnny Hedges at her home. The house is in Somerset Gardens Paradise, one of the most exdusive neighbourhoods in Hollywood. 3 Neighbours say that at about Iam they heard people shouting inside the house. Then Ms Hicks ran out of the house wearing only her nightclothes. 'She was really drunk. She couldn't even walk in a straight line; said neighbour Dorothy Sánchez. 'I saw her waIking down the road in a terribIe state and then she started taking off her nightdress. I was so embarrassed!' 4 At around 1.45am, a Los Angeles police car picked up Ms Hicks. She was taken to Mount PIeasant police station where she gave evidence and was charged with indecent exposure. At about Sam she was allowed to go home. 5 'I had drunk toa much and I dídn't know what I was doíng. I have been very depressed recently,' said Ms Hicks in the morning. She admitted that she had a terribIe hangover.
Listen, check and repeat.
Practise saying these tabloid newspaper headlines.
1 Hollywood hotel in hurricane hell 2 Hippy hit for Harriet 3 Honest Harry in hospital again 4 Hangover for hungry horse
M
Listen and check. A good luck story: Try exs. 1-3 on your Cl)-Rom.
You mustbe joking! Speaking Discuss these questions.
1 What is gossip? 2 Is gossip always a bad thing? 3 Why do you think gossip is popular? Reading 1 Do men and women gossip about different things? Read the article and find out what Michael and Sharon think. 2
Answer the questions.
Sharon gossip about? 2 According to Sharon, what does gossip about? what does 1 Michael According to Michael, 3 What do they think of gossip? Why? 4 According to Sharon, why do men say that they don't gossip? 3
r... .
Find wards ar expressians in the text that mean the same as these. Michael
1 2 3 4 5
finish a relationship "plit a cheap offer in the shops hate type of thing boring
Llp
Sharon
6 laugh at 7 relax 5
10
,
lv1ichaef
176
~
Gossip Listening
1
1
M
Listen to four conversations
and
1
Match the conversations 0-4) with the pictures (a-d). What are they talking about? 2 What is the speakers' relationship? schoolfriends neighbours cousins col1eagues
She's only got herself to blame. It was really funny. lt's in really bad taste. Good for her. lt's her own fault. f) I'm dead jealous. g) lt's completely absurdo
2
Find five ways of reacting to gossip / expressing surprise in the above dialogues.
3
Work in pairs. Continue one of the dialogues to make a gossipy conversation. A: Dic\ iOU near tne new'Ô?We 'ÔawTraei \Ci'Ô'Ôing &ta~. B: mat''Ô inerec\ibk! Wne.re we.re. tne.i? A: !n tne pub, in front of eve.riboc\iB: l2-e.a\\i? Wno elne wa'Ôtnere? ...
:z.
Song {ajõj
3
with a suitable question (a-e).
{a9} Listen to the dialogues and check your answers.
Listen again. Who uses these expressions? Write the conversation number.
a) b) c) d) e)
(1-5)
a) VVhoto? d) Are you sure? b) ',A.Thcrc '(lcrc thcy: e) What was the problem? c) VVho'sthe moth~r? 1 A: Did you hear the news? The other day, we saw Tracy kissing Gary. B: That's incredible! Wnere were tnep 2 A: Did you know that Harry and June broke up last week? B: Are you serious? _ 3 A: Have you heard that Robin's got engaged again7 B: You must be joking! _ 4 A: Did you know that Brian's got a kid? B: No! 1 don't believe it! 5 A: Everyonesays that it's over. She wants toleave him. B: Really? _
answer the questions.
2
Continue the dialogues
I heard it through the grapevine: See resource sheet 88.
What do the speakers think of the person they are gossiping about?
77
Hi-tech • Second conditíonal
•
Time verbs
•
• Reported
•
Tlle internet
• /<1I!
•
Machíne nouns 8, verbs
• Telepllolllng
staternents
• Gadgets
Y-ºcabuL~lY
cl 8,
- business or pleasure?
_
Gadgets 1 Match the words below with pictures a-j. Which gadgets do you own?
MP3 player laptop games console digital camera DVD player
SatNav mobile phone printer flash drive microwave
:;:: Match the gadgets to their uses. Then write sentences about the gadgets. "People.u"e. M"P3 pla'{e.r" to li"te.n to mu"ic..
1 2 3 4 5. 6 7
8 9 10
taking photographs or making short videos printing documents and photographs cooking food quickly transferring files from computer. to computer listening to music talking to people or sending text messages watching films getting directions to places working away from your desk playing games
ListeniI'!R~_~peakir!.g r
sending text messages 2 playing computer games 3 shopping online 4 chatting online
5 watching satellite TV channels 6 writing e-mails 7 surfing the net 8 phoning friends
6i\
Four teenagers are talking about how technology saves their time. Listen and complete the table. Charlene Cristina Abdul
time? time
Vocal?uIaIL
How much time do you spend doing these things each week? Is ít a waste of time?
1
2
_
'0
Darren online c.natting
Complete the sentences with the correct form of these verbs.
,/ \,~
2 3
him / her save time? I
4 5
".
1i
'.
i;
:
!!'.
t~--
; 78
i ..j__
kill
run out of save s_pen~ \f\!~~~~_._. __
1 Going by plane
wastes and
an nour e.ve.ri dai I
Y:1.
_
Tjrne verbs
.~ . ~/
me a lot of time because the train takes elght hours. The bus leaves in an hour. Let's ___ some tinle in the book shop. My exams start next week so I've got to time studying this weekend. Yousl1ouldn't time cleaning. You should hire som.eoneto do it for you. \-\7e'11 have to stop there. V'le'vejust time.
Readin.g & Spealsing
1 2
4 Discuss these questions.
Look at the photos and the title of the article. What do you think it's about? Read the article to check. What is a 'digital native'?
:3 Read the article again and say whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F). If false, explain why.
1 David is a digital native. 2 Marc Prensky is interested in teaching with technology. 3 Digital natives are comfortable using laptops and flash drives. 4 Many teachers think computer games are only for having fun ar killing time. 5 People read books and websites in the same way.
David is not very comfortable with new technology and he does not have many gadgets. Lucy loves new technology.
She owns a games console,
an
MP3 player, and a mobile phone with built-in digital camera. David is a teacher. Lucy is his student. Like Lucy, many children grow up using computers almost every day and often know more about technology
than
calls children
adults.
Educator
like Lucy 'digital
Marc
Prensky
natives',
Digital
1 Are you a digital native? 2 Do you think that, in general, children know more about technology than adults? 3 What are some advantages and disadvantages of kids knowing a lot about technology? 4 Should teachers use more technology in class?
The divide between digital natives
can
cause
natives and non-cligital
problems
students and teachers grow ideas about technology.
at school
because
up with very different
Many
teachers think that
playing computer games is a waste of time and that technology has made children unable to concentrate. Howeve r, many students think their classes are slow and boririg, and want to use computers to study. Prensky believes that digital
natives have learned
natives can quickly learn how to use new gadgets
a lot from technology,
and new software, while non-digital natives spend a lot of time reading manuais and worrying about
a different way. For example, reading a website is different from reading a book, so digital natives
computer viruses. In fact, many parents try to save time by asking their thildren to teach them how to
are good at finding the information they need and choosing what they want to read. So perhaps teachers need to change the way they teach and
use new technology!
use more technology ofdigital
but that they learn things in
in c1ass- because the number
natives will keep increasing!
m
__ ~~
rh'"'le~s ~\ ..,.i~j~Jl . -.__~.:...'~ 0
I
have a re sport,
Hi-tech LanguaKe~ocu~
_
:2 Complete the sentences
in the left-hand column of Exercise 1 so that they are true for you.
Second conditíonal
If I had moremore- ofte-n.
Look at the examples and complete the rules.
lf lleft my phone at home, I would go home to get it.
I would
only send a text message if I had no other
choice.
1
I -
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Look at the examples and complete the rules.
If you caIl him, he will be reaIly happy. If I have enough money, I will buy a new mobile .
We use the .._ likely to happen.
.c;
conditional
for situations that are
We use the _ conditional impossible, imaginary orvery
for situations that are unlikely to happen.
my computer lf mi
105e- alI mi
First conditional:
Second conditional:
I would
breaks down
c.ompute-r
broKe- down,
lose my mobile appear on television do an online English course go to the gym every day be sunny tomorrow fail my exams get a new job
Compare your sentences do the same things?
Listening
present or past / present or future. See Reference Guide, p. 74. See Workbook, pp. 57-8, exs. 7-5.
Pronunciation 'd and 'li
M
Listen to these conditional sentences. In which do you hear 'd and in which do you hear 'lI?
2 Turn to Reference Guide, page 55, and look at transcript 9.2. Practise saying the sentences with short forms.
Practice
1 Match the columns to make sentences in the second conditional. 1-4 phone with pictures conversations. a-do Listen and much time.similar? 3c)e)d) toone would feel a lot fitter. wouldn't waste soguess what the drive aholiday lot guesses go on M You Listen the whole conversations. Were your M aretogoing to hear half of four mobile saying. 2IAustralia. Listen again and 1
b) I would study more 1 If I had more time,~
to do. a) I wouldn't
know what
I would
worK.
Choose the correct ending for the rule. We can use the second conditional to talk about the
1
90 to the- c.ine-ma
:; Do you think these things are probable (P) or improbable (I) in your life? Make a first or second conditional sentence for each one.
To form the second conditional we use: If + , would + . The contracted form of would is The negative form of would is . Note: The if clause can come either before or after the main clause.
If Angelina Jolie caIled him, he would be really happy. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new laptop.
time-.
match conversations other speaker is
with a partner. Would you
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ThtIN1~'1~".>OM'lA""'YIIo'l(l1he!"'~"''l':.,....a: S""\>ó'y 1,.'j~~F="I"'mdl "'" M4<'\11Ir>h< O_,'~ In H<-lM;
Y.c".a
;.;:;,~._._. "_._~_ ."~~-'-~~_:'~~!:.::::'...!~~":_~_~::?:~ __ ~~r!,:!:",!.ll:'~~!!!.~,~"'-'-!.~J!.';:~_~!_d __.__ ;.
Vocabulary The íntemet
Listening~_~I?~aking~~
Look at the websites, Which ones do Vou know? 2
Which website would vou visit if vou wanted to
a) b) c) d) .j
read the latest news? search for websites? buy and seI! things? look up information?
Look at these lists of words. Which verbs can go with which nouns? Verbs
Nouns
chat to download e-mail log into look up post send surf upload
the Internet music photographs a message your friends video clips a website information a chat room a file
c\o'tm\o"c\
mu\Õic.
!
pnotogràpn\Õ
I!I,:i !í
r
i7;;;;icl1;:;;;:;-i);d;
,I!I 1
_
(5) Listen to Nat talking about his favourite website and choose the correct screenshot from above. Listen again and answer the questions.
1 How often does Nat visit the website. and for how long'( 2 What is his favourite section of the website? 3 What other features does he mention? 4 Does Nat only get information fram the Internet? ~; Discuss these questions with a partner,
1 How much time do you spend online? 2 V!hat are ycu favourite websites? 3 What do you use them for?
I I
!I -I
Hi-tech Language focus 1 Discuss these
1 2
Reported statements
questions.
Have you cver used a chat room? If you met someone in a chat room, wou1d you meet them face to face?
:2 Read this chat rüom conversation answer
2 3
Listen and complete
Direct
the reported
statement
Iam living in
know
each
Have they met before? What do you think will happen their date?
on
Cute_Chick_24: 80, shall we meet up and have a drink?
a fantastic fiat. I will take you to a smart restaurant. I have bought you a special present. I studied at Oxford. Complete Direct Present
~ ~
~ ~
~
.............................
!
was were going to
~
Perfect
.
~
Boy_NexCDoor: On Sunday, nothing. Cute_Chick_24: Let's eat out.
Complete We use We use Note:
changes. Reported statement 'Past Simp1e Past Continuous
~ ~
~ Present
statement
1 He tolel me that he ,<,!;jf? talI and handsome. 2 He said he in a fantastic fiat. 3 He said that he ..................... me to a smart restaurant. 4 He told me he me a special present. 5 He said he at Oxford.
the rules for the tense statement Simp1e
wilI + infinitive Cute_Chick_24: What are you doing at the weekend?
statements. Reported
Iam talI anel hanelsome.
and
the questions.
1 Do the two peop1e other well?
M
Past Perfect
(or Past Simp1e)
the rules for using said and told. + object + (that) + statement + (that) + statement
Using
that to introduce
a reported
statement
is optional.
See Reterence Guide, p. 74. See Workbook, pp. 58-9,
exs. 6-8.
Practice
1
Rewrite these
direct statements
as reported
statements.
1 Vou are really funny. (He said) rle. D21iel.t021t I ,,"21Dre.a\\i funni2 We'll be at the restaurant at 9pm. (\'Ve to1d her) 3 I've sent him 10ts of e-mails but I haven't met him. (She said) 4 We went home straight after the meal. (She to1d me) 5 In the summer I'm going to study English in Seatt1e. (He said) 6 They are really excited about their date. (She said)
3
66) friend
Listen to Cute_Chick_24 about her date with
BOLNext_Door. 1 2 3 4
4
Answer
telling a
the questions.
Did the date go well? Where did they go? What happened in the end? What does she think about chat rooms now?
2
Write two false sentences and one true sentence about yourself. Read your partner's sentences and guess which facts are true and false. 'Soe. Daiel.toat DOe.,,"21D\e.21rning Coine.De.. I toin\( toat' D faIDe.. 'Soe. 021te.DDtuel.iing!
The Real Thing:
1
a) b) c) d) e)
physica1 appearance job home education present
21}'S2Iiel.:oe. ,,"2IDt2l11 2Inel.02lnel.Dome., Truto: oe. ,,"2IDDoort 21nel.bt
Look at Cute Chick_24's final comment. word in sentences 1-2 below. 1'11
Boy _Next_Door told lots of lies. Listen again. For each topic, write down what he said, and the truth.
No way! Underline
the correct
never go back into a chat room again in my life! No way!
1 She's sure that she will! won't go back. 2 No way! is a formal! an informal expression.
2
Write responses 1s it easy to leam
to these
statements,
to drive?
using No way!
No wai! I founel. it re.alli el.iffiwlt.
1 Do you think the Green Party will win the election? 2 Do you want to work late tonight? 3 Are you going shopping on Saturday?
M
Listen and compare.
Which word is stressed
in No way!
-" Look at the verbs in bold in Exercise 2. Which verbs don't have an object? r
What can go wrong with the following
equipment?
(~ alarm doek Iaptop mierowave \,-~_~~_~~~<:lc.:.-0pier DVD pIayer
~ /)
4
1 2 3 4
69'J Listen to three people talking about the problems they have had. What equipment are they talking about? Listen again. What happened
Which of these sentences is incorrect?
You have You have You have You have
to to to to
turn turn turn turn
Why?
on the machine. the machine on. on it. it on.
ín each case?
Writing Have you ever had a problem Iike thís? What happened?
Yº~ªpula~y~
~
_
~lélClline nouns and verbs i
Givillg instructions 1 Complete these instructions using verbs from the vocabulary section and the words in brackets.
1 Firs1, unwind the power eable and _~ __ Ut). 2 Nex1, ~ (the machine) using the power button. 3 Then, eheek that the bag is not full. A red light will when you need to ehange the bago 4 After that, pus h the machine over the earpet to elean it. If you want to elean hard floors,
Match pictures a-d to nouns 1-4.
1 button
2 light
3 pIug
4 switeh
____
(the brush fUl1ction). (the machine), unplug i1,and
5 Finally, put it away.
Which machine are these instructions ,
.,
for?
I'.)
/é
Now write instructions for another machine. Can your partner guess what it is?
Pronunciation
•
Mark the stress on these words. Underline
the
syllables with the (ari sound.
rriobile file dial website flash drive satellite
z
L
Rank these technology problems from most serious (1 ) to least serious (8). Which problems have you had?
a) b) e) d) e)
My alarm didn't go of1'. There was nowhere to plug in my laptop. I forgot to switch off and unplug the iron. The photoeopier took ages to warm up. I ran out of petrol beeause the warning light hadn't come on. f) I forgot to turn the light offwhen I went out. g) I couldn't turn the TV on, 50 I missed my favourite programme. h) I didn't know which button to press to switch rny MP3 player on!
~ "
----.----------
private
mierowave
6iOJ Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
aG,Listen to three telephone conversations. For each one, decide if it is a business or a personal call. Which words helped you decide? ~> Listen again and answer the questions.
1
What happens to ali three callers? 2 Which caller: a) speaks to the switchboard? b) leaves his name? c) gets a mobile number?
Work in pairs. 'Have phone conversations for the following situations. Take turns to be the caller and to answer the phone. Use the chart below to help you. The caller wants to speak to:
1 Chris Leavy about a business meeting on Friday. 2 his/her friend Dave about going to the cinema tomorrow. 3 his/her classmate about yesterday's homework. 4 Sue Walker about a job advertisement. Caller
Person answering phone -. Look at the expressions below. Are they from a business call (8) or a personal call (P)? The cal ler
a) b) c) d)
Yeah, thanks. It's Nick. ? It's Denise Forrest here. I'll try again later. r d like to speak to Mandy Stephenson, please.
The person who receives the call
Greet the pe;::;;on' who answers. Ask for the person you want to speak to.
C0~
Ask for the caller's name.
while you find the person they want. Ask the caller to waJ<'t~
e) Sorry, he's not in at the momento
.'
f) Yeah. Anything else?
g) How can I help you? h) Just one moment, please. i) I'm afraid he's engaged. j) Hold the line, please, and I'll put you through. k) Hang on a secoI'll just get a peno 1) Can I ask who's calling? Listen again and check your answers.
Give yc:..urn_am0
and ask if they want toTell leave message. person is aunava.ilable the caller th~' / _~
/
message. ~akethe
.~
SayOK. ) .
. Leave a message:J ( Thank the person" and say goodbye.
( S<1)TÇJ~o~bye. )
85
Retail therapy Vox pops [14:15-15:39] Watch the vox pops and answer the on-screen questions. 1 Watch again. Who says it?
1 I hate shopping. 2 Like ai/ women, I lave to shop. 3 / normally spend my money on clothes, music and eating out.
2
Test your memory. Complete the gaps. JULlETA:
IQBAL:
JULlETA: OLlVER:
IQBAL:
I a house if I had more money. If I had more money, / would buy a __ house. I buy Julieta buys my clothes __ __ inSpain. I buy my clothes from __
in Spain.
Tracey
While you watch Sequence 1 [15:40-17:05] Tracey is an actress. She lives in London and she loves shoppingl Watch the sequence and answer the questions.
o
1 Work
in pairs. Are these statements false, explain why.
Watch again and check your answers.
1 2 3 4 5 6
Beforeyou watch 1 Discuss in pairs. 1 Do you like shopping? 2 What do you spend your money on? 3 How many designeI' labels can you think of?
2
2
true (T)
01'
false (F)? If
f-
Tracey is from the United States. ~\le.'" fram C.otloc\à Tracey has lived in London for eight years. Tracey's husband is from England The only problem with London is that it is expensive. Tracey particularly likes the cinema in London. Tracey doesn't run heI' own business.
Watch the sequence again. TicK the adjectives that you hear.
What's the difference, do you think, between these two shops? What can you buy in each?
amazing fantastic '-
beautiful buzzy exciting fun great incredible./
satisfying
terrible
unbelievable
exhilarating rewarding wonderful
Which adjectives refer to a) London, b) the theatre incre.c:\ible.
and c) both?
- Lonc:\on
Sequence 2 [17:06-19:271 Watch the sequence and answer the questions.
1 Who
says it - Tracey
01'
the shop assistant?
1 Gan I help you at ali? ,,\lap o""iôtotlt 2 Oh, I don't know ... medium-ish.
Bond Street, London
3 4 5 6 7
2
Well, this is quite nice, isn't it? Do you like the length? Do you /ike the colour? I qUite like this. How much is this one? How do you pay? Cash 01' card? OK, /'11 take itl
Test your memory. 1 How many coats does Tracey try on in the sequence? 2 How much does Tracey's~oat cosP ;) How does she pay for iP
Camden Market, London
/
Global fashion
Sequence 3 [19:28--21 :02]
li
Watch the sequence and answer the questions.
1
identify?
Tick the adjectives which Tracey uses to describe her taste in clothes. casual.! informal
2
1 Nowadays, designe r labels are everywhere - Nike ... Ralph Lauren ... Lacoste! How many of these fashion labels can you
designer elegant second-hand smart
formal stylish
Which item of clothing does she think people should wear more? a) hats
b) jeans
:J What does she buy in Camden Market?
a) a white jacket
b) a white shirt
4 Why does she Iike shopping in markets? a) It's very cheap.
b) There's a great variety of clothing.
Sequence 4 [21 :03-22:38]
2
11·
Watch the sequence and answer the questions.
Match the fashion labels with their countries of origin on the map. (Some of the labels come from the same country.) 8urberry Hugo 80ss Camper Dolce and Gabbana Tommy Hilfiger Donna Karan (DKNY) Lacoste
1 What can Tracey buy in London? Tick the things you hear. bãgs jewellery leather goods shoes trousers umbrellas wallets watches
2
What are the differences between shopping in London and Canada? Circle the correct answer.
\ \
,
London is more expensive / cheaper than Canada. 2 Shopping in Canada is not as excitíng / as exciting as shopping in London. 3 The inside of shops in Canada are older / newer than in London. :J Which is Tracey's favourite department
store? Why? a) Selfridges
b) Harrods
c) Fenwicks
Watch the whole DVD again and answer the on-screen questions.
After you watch Can you remember? Work in pairs. What clothes do we see Tracey wearing during the programme?
.~ ;$ Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
1 Which other fashion designers do you know? 2 Where do you think your clothes are made? Why? 3 Do you think people from different countries wear different kinds of clothes? 4 What's fashionable in your country at the moment? Think of colours, clothes and styles. 4 Can you complete the fashion quiz? Answer the questions with the correct fashion designer. (Calvin Klein
Gianni Versace
Carolina Herrera
Ralp~Laurer0
Who '" 1 2 3 4 5 6
started their career making ties? was shot in 1997? . is well known for underwear? used controversial adverts? is famous for women's clothes? has a perfume called 202?
87
)
Flashback 3 Vocabulary 1 a Mateh the extraets (1-6)
with the newspaper seetions (a-c).
b
•Money •
•
GOSSlp
Classify the important voeabulary from Exereise 1a into a) money, b) gossip or c) teehnology.
... a government study reports that mobile phones don't represent a hea1th risk ...
c) mobile. pnone. c In pairs, add five more words and expressions to each list. Look at Units 7-9 to help you.
o
... most people can't afford to save and have to borrow cash to buy a new car ...
Writing & Speaking 1 a Work in pairs. Turn to page 124.
b
.,. the majority of people have a laptop but, in the future, most people \vill probably use a palmtop .,.
®
(F3":1") Listen to the phone eonversations. Compare them with your versions.
... make sure it's plugged in. Then switch it on and you'll see a red light ...
c Role-play your eonversations .
Language focus
1
®
... confirming the rumour that the 23-year-old celebrity is spending time at a Los Angeles drug rehabilitation centre ...
Write the news story from the notes. Use the correet form of the underlined verbs in the
waiters don't earn a big salary but most people leave a tip .. ,
aetive or passive.
Text message saves man's tire
J' .
C.\imbe.r re."we. '{%te.rdil'{ ilfkr ne.\ic:opte.r to find him.
te.l'-t me.""ilge. he.\p
Don C.\e.e.nf, 3S, c.\imb in 'Snowdoniil anel bre.ilk il \e.g
whe.n ne. L'll\
,x "
'c"~"
He. u"e. hi" pnone. to make qqq e.me.rge.nc.'{ C.il\\ ilnc\ re."we. ne.\ic.opte.r f>e.n.:tto \ook for him. He.lic.opte.r c.iln't find c.\imbe.r ilnd pilot dtc.ide. to f>e.nelte.l'-t me.""ilge.. Mr C.le.e."e.re.c.e.ive. me.""ilge. ilnel phone he.\ic.opte.r. 'Pi\ot u"e. C.il\\ to \Oc.ilte him. Mr C.lee."e. tilke. to ho"pitil\ home. e.ilrl'{ thi" morning.
A climber was rescued yesterday after a text message helped a helicopter to find him. Don Cleese, 38 .. , 88
in oilngor
but he. f>e.nel
'I @ÍY..f: phone. il5 il C.hrif>tmil5 pre·~,e.nt,' he. "iliel. the. be.5t prene,nt I f,ve.r hill/f'.
'Ir"
Flashback 3 2
a Complete the quiz with wi/I or would.
Do you lave the world af gossip? 1 If there 's a programme on TV tonight about rhe private lives of famous people, you ... a) watch ir? b) swirch to a different channe1? c) have it on in the background? 2 If you won the lottery, you ... a) teli your story to ali the newspapers? b) keep it secret? c) teli only your family and friends? 3 If you could meet anyone in the world, _ you ... a) meet a popular star? b) meet a politician? c) meet SOlTleOneyou've adrnired for a long time?
b 3
In pairs, ask and answer the questions. Turn to the results key on page 124. Do you agree?
4 If a colieague is gossiping in your office tomorrow, ___ you ... a) pay fuli attention? b) ignore him / her? c) pretend not to listen? 5 If a famous sports / music personality comes to your town in the near future, you ... a) wait for hours to see them? b) read about ir in the newspaperthe next day? c) go to see them ifyour friends want to? 6 Vou go to a TV studio if ... a) ali your friends could see you. b) there was a serio~s debate. c) it was a show you realiy liked.
1) This is the thlrd month of the touro Are you very tired'?
Complete the gossip column using the interview notes.
'J'm very happy with the touro Everythlng's going well. We started the tour eight weeks ago and the public has been fantastic: 2) Have you had time to see London? 'Well, i got up very late and haven't had time to go out. But i'll be back later in the year and blt more time here:
1'/1
spend a
3) Is It true that you've split up with your husband'? 'Everythlng's fine between usoWe've decided to spend some time apart for artistic reasons:
Put together a class magazine. Work in groupsand choose one of the article ideas below.
Lilita was in town this week on touro After the gig I spoke to her.
1
Write an article about how technology, mobile phone, saved someone's life.
2
Write a questionnaire asking what your classmates will / would do in different situations.
3
Interview a famous person.
e.g. a
I asked her if she was very tired but she said that 511e-wà5 ve-ri l1àPPi witl1 tl1e- tour ànd tl1àt
a Work in two groups. Choose a famous person
e-ve-ritl1in9 ...
b
When I asked her if she'd had time to see London, she said ...
Work with someone frem the other group. Role-play the interview, then swap roles.
c
Write a report of your interview.
We ali want to know if there's any truth in the rumours about her marriage. She said ...
and write questions.
Put ali the articles together, and read your magazine!
89
Global chat • Adverbs
• Words of foreign origin
Culture shock
• !tIl & Ik/ • Giving advice
• Relative pronouns: who, which, that, where
Listening 1
Speaking
(íô.1) Listen and match expats Carl, Marina and Ellen with cities a-c and jobs i-iii.
i lawyer ii English teacher
iii tour guide
Discuss these questians.
1 Think of five reasons why people move to other countries. 2 Would you lilzeto live in a foreign country? If so, where? If not, why not? 3 What problems do people have when they move abroad? 4 If you lived abroad, would you socialise with people from your country or try to learn the language and meet the locais? íl'l' i]'
190
'.rl.
2
Listen again. Are the sentences true (T) ar false (F)? If false, explain why.
1 2 3 4 5
í
Carl uses Chinese in his job, He spends most of his time with locais. Marina is trying hard to improve her Arabic. She would like a new job. Ellen didn't like living in Japan when she couldn't speak the language. 6 She speaks to her Japanese boyfriend's friends and family in English.
3
(íÕ2JListen to Car!, Marina and Ellen discussing strategies for language learning. Matd-I the speakers with the techniques in the pictures (a-c).
Practice
1
Make adverbs from these adjectives. àutomàtic.à\\'1 automatic bad careful eventual fantastic fast fortunate good happy incredible lazy normal punctual sad serious stráight strange terrible
2 Use any adverb to complete the sentences so they are true about you.
1 I usually write English very 2 I \A/Titedown new words in my notebook. 3 I don't like people who speak . 4 , I have never been to _ (choose a place name). 5 If I Jived abroad, I would _ eat local food. 6 I think I did this exercise _ o
4 Listen again and answer the questions.
1
Who talks about the following? What do they say? a) vocabulary d) reading b) speaking e) following a conversation c) technical terms 2 Who is happy with his / her progress? Who is unhappy? Why?
5
Do you think these âre good ar bad strategies for learning English? Why? Can you think of any other good ories?
3 Language focus
Compare your answers in groups. Who are you most similar to?
Adverbs Pronunciation (Ío3).
Listen and complete the sentences with the adverbs you hear
1I
!tJI chat and Ikl cat
2 3
1
4 5 6
carry the book around with me. I can learn 50 words every week. I read very . I get a chance to speak. Now I can speak quite I can talk in Japanese now.
[oÃ')Listen and complete the sentences.
1
, I'm able to traveI a lot. 2 , I missed the bus. 3 He arrived very 4 they left the party.
o
o
Divide the adverbs from the sentences above into two groups: Adverbs of manner: CjUiC.k\'1 Adverbs offrequency: $ome-time.$
2
Listen again and mark the stress on the adverbs. What sounds do these words have in common?
Complete the table with rules for forming an adverb from an adjective:
3
G5! Underline the /tJ/ sounds that you hear.
Adjective
Adverb
stupid terrible lucky basic beautiful usual
stupidly terribly lucki1y basically beautifully usually
Rule :!:..\.'1 Y.: .... :!:..'I.
chaos character chocolate choose match research
.
.
Which words don't have a /tJ/ sound? How else is ch sometimes pronounced?
4
Note: Some adverbs are irregular or don't change. good ~ well fast ~ fast straight ~ straight Look at the examples and complete the rules: I can speak quite fluent1y. Adverbs
of manner
usually go at the
of the sentence.
I always carry the book around with me. I can usually learn 50 words every week. I'm often wrong. Adverbs
of frequency usually go the verb to be.
chatting chemist headache rich
the main verb, but
See Reference Guide, p. 75. See Workbook, pp.
66-7,
exs. 1-4.
6l6'J Listen and repeat these words with /tJ/. adventure catch chicken child furniture future kitchen picture switch unfortunately culture
I
!
Small tall<
The Real Thing:
kind of / loads of / about
I
7 G9J Listen and match the speakers (1-4) with the pictures (a-d). Do we use kind of, loads af and abaut to mal
Speaking & Listening 1 Discuss these questions. 1 What is small talk? 2 When do people make small talk? 3 Which of these topics are good for small talk? Which do you like talking about?
r
I
i I l-
weather religion recent news sports polities your weekend personallife events friends school / work
2
!
fo?J Listen to five people making small talk. ViJhichtopics are they talking about? What words helped you decide?
!
I I
I i t
,
TopiG: we.atne.r Worel,,: fre.e.z.ing, wlel
3
I
Ii
68) Listen to the rest of the last dialogue and answer these questions.
"
I
I
I I
1 Where did the woman go? 2 What did she do? 3 How did she feel the next day?
•
I
I I I
4 Listen again and mark these sentences as true (T) or false (F).
2
1 She counted the number of people in the cocktail bar. 2 She doesn't say how many margaritas she drank. 3 She describes the nightclub in a lot of detail. 4 She isn't sure what time they went home. 5 Gn Sunday, she got up at exactly 3 o'clock.
1 2 3 4
3
! II II I
Listen again and complete the phrases. It's big for you, isn't it? There's chilli in this. He was tall. And he looked forty. \Nalk up that road for __ half a kilometre.
I
I I
Which phrase is used here to be vague about ... a) a quantity of something. b) information (size or height). c) a number (age or time).
Tum to transcript 10.8 on pages 58-59 of the Grammar Reference and check your answers.
4
I I r
Describe your weekend to a partner. Try to use kind af, laads af and abaut.
\
Vocab_ulaCy
.
Words of foreign origin 1 Which of these English words are used in your language? Are the words used in the same way in English?
0001
~ party
2
fashion sandwieh
feeling show
internet walkman
look úK ~) weekend ./
These words are used in English but come from other languages. What do the words mean? chie au pair bungalow siesta macho sauna shampoo Check your answers in a dictionary.
3 {o'~i1ar:~ the
stress on the words in Exercise 2 and guess which language they come from. Then listen and check.
\92
___ .._,_ ....L
I,
I
I I
Ii "
"
I !
I,
I,,
-
~
I
3 Test your partner. What do these numbers in the text refer to?
ReadinR- & Speaking
1
Read this article on Spanglish in I'Jew York. Which is the best title? a) b) c) d)
1 1.2 million 2 1 in 5
Spanç:.rlish - a dead language A history of Spanglish Spanglish invades New York Spanglish - in defence of a new language
2 Are these sentences
true (T) or false (F)? If false, explain why.
3 400,000 4 3rd
4 Discuss these questions.
1
í
1 The Spanish-speaking population has grown very fast recently. 2 More people are interested in studying Spanish than before. 3 Spanglish is mainly used in formal contexts. 4 Norma Rodríguez doesn't notice when she is speaking Spanglish. 5 Juan Cortés doesn't speak Spanglish because he feels stupid when he tries. 6 Most academics don't like Spanglish because they see it as vulgar.
Are there any regions in your country where two languages are spoken? Do the tvvo languages get confused?
2 Do you know any other languages that have been mixed like this? Can you think of any other languages that might be mixed with English?
In which city can you read signs like 'Aparca your car aquí' or 'Cuidado con 10s pickpockets'? Travelguide investigates. 1.2 million Hispanics live in the Big Apple and one in five New Yorkers speaks Spanish at home. In the last ten years, the Hispanic population has grown by 400,000. This reflects the enormous increase in the Hispanic population in the States. There are now 42 million Hispanics resident in the USA, representing 15% of the total population. There is a new language, SPANGLISH - a strange mixture of Spanish and English - which is invading the city. TheNew York Times recent1y said that it had become the city's third official language. Its use is colloquial and often limited to short sentences and signs. Many New Yorkers now .' wear .socketines on· their. feet, drop something on the carpeta, shopfor grocerias and have cornfley ('cornflakes') for breakfast.
life now: 'Sometimes, you don't realise that you're mixing the two languages. You just hear them both alI the time and find that you're inventing new words.' Other people, however, are fighting against this new street language. Businessman Juan Cortés sees it as a sign that the Spanish language is being destroyed. 'It' s difficult, but I try not to speak it - it feels vulgar tome.' Meanwhile, a surpnsmg number of academics have spokenin favour of Spanglish. José María Ruiz, from NY State University, even runs courses in Spanglish and has written a dictionary. 'It is a dialogue between two languages and cultures. We have to accept that languages change and evolve. The only languages that never change are dead ones.'
Norma Rodríguez, a 45-year-old Cuban living in Washington Heights, says it forms a part of heI'
(~93
2
World lingo
Reasons people have to learn a new language
Listening
A
Listen to five people speaking in different and answer the questions.
3
Mandarin Chinese Spanish
Now read the article and check your answers.
Languages in Danger! There are over 6,000 languages in the world today, but experts have published a study which predicts that more than half of these wil! become extinct within the next hundred years. They give three main reasons why these languages are in danger. One reason is invasion. Countries take over other areas where people speak a different Ianguage. This means that the people need to start speaking the language of their new rulers. Another reason is migration. This could be because of war, disaster 01'the search for work. When they move to a new country, these people need to Iearn the 10caIIanguage. Perhaps the main reason, however, is the dominance of the world's most common native Ianguages - .Mandarin Chinese (870 miUion speakers), Spanish (320 miUion speakers), EngIish (310 million' speakers), Arabic (200 million speakers) and Hindi (180 milIion speakers). 870 million peopie now speak Mandar!n Chinese as their first ianguage.
Find words in the article that mean.
1 2 3 4 5
1 Rank these languages from the highest ( 1 ) to the lowest (5) number of native speakers( 5).
_
Reasons people choose to learn a new language
Add some of your own to each column.
Reading & Speaking
_ _
the
languages
1 Can you guess which languages they are speaking? 2 Each person is saying the same thing in their language. What are they saying? 3 Can you say something in any other languages? What can you say?
Arabic English Hindi
Read the article again and find ideas to complete table.
4
dead; no Ionger here people entering another pIace and taking contraI the movement of people from one place to another power; contraI; importance in danger of disappearing ar dying out
Discuss these questions.
1 How many languages are spoken in your country? 2 Which are becoming more ar less common. Why? 3 Do you think the same languages will be used in your country in 200 years? 4 Should we try to save endangered languages? 5 How can people make sure a language does not become extinct?
Because so many people speak these languages, they have become the major globaIIanguages in business, films, music, and the internet. This means that even more people want to Iearn them and, as a result, they become even more dominant. EngIish, for exampIe, is now spoken as a first ar additionallanguage by over I biUion people - nearly a sixth of the world's population. This dominance clearly causes smaller languages to die out. Some people think that this is a good thing. They say that communication wiU be easier, cheaper and quicker. Others beIieve we should pratect endangered languages. These people beIieve that when a Ianguage dies, many of the traditions of the speakers are Iost too. They argue that we can use the Ianguage to Iearn a Iot about the history and cuIture of the people that speak it.
Language focus
Practice
Relative pronouns: who, which, that where
7 Complete the sentences vvith who, that, which or where.
1 New York is a city wne-re-lots of people speak
Experts have pllblished a study. It says many 1anguages ,,\1i11 becomc extinct. -.Experts have pub1ished a study that -# says many languages will becorne extinct.
Spanish. 2 Gaelic is a language is dying out. 3 People are bilingual are very lucky. 4 German is the language 1 want to learn right now. 5 The Basque country is a p]ace many people speak two languages. 6 The thing r find most difficult in English is the pronunciation.
We use who, wmch, and that to replace pronouns (he, she, it etc.l when we join two sentences together. We can aiso use where to join tVI10sentences together. Countries
take over other areas.
In other areas, peop1e speak a different 1anguage. -.COllntries take over other areas In othe! arcas where peop1e speak a different
1anguage.
2
1
Look at the examples and complete the rules. Peop1e move to areas
where they can get better jobs. which / that is spoken in
their new cmmtry.
that
We use We use We use
for things. for people.
or or for places.
r went to an area of Canada. They speak French and English there. I we.r.t to an are-a pf Canada fre-nGl, ana Cng\inl1.
Peop1e 1eam the 1angllage
There are lots of students who /
Join the tvvo sentences using who, theit, which or where.
wne-re- tne-i npe-a\(.
2 Patagonia is a place in Argentina. In Patagonil1 some peoplé speak Wélsh. 3 r have a friend. He can speak five ]anguages. 4 Eyak is an endangered ]anguage. rt is spoken in Alaska. 5 L.L. Zamenhof was a doctor. He invented a language called Esperanto.
study English
See Reference Guide, p. 75. See Workbook, pp. 67-8, exs. 5-8.
Writing & Speaking Countries whose first language is ...
1 Ask and ansvver these quiz questions vvith a partner. Who can get the most correet answers?
Language quiz 1 Name five countries where people speak English as a first language. 2 Name the five languages that have the most speakers. 3 Name three celebrities
who can
speak two languages. 4 Name three countries
which use
more than one main language. 5 Name two countries hundreds of different are spoken.
2
where languages
In pairs, write your own quiz. Choose your own topie or use one of these ideas:
capital cities famous people food your town or city English words we learned recently 3
Swap partners and ask your new partner the questions. How many ean he / she answer correetly?
In and aut af class
Reading"-1 Look at the advert and answer the questions,
1 2 3 4
Speaking Which of these ways of learning a language have you tried? Which do you think is the best / worst way to learn?
1 2 3 4 5 6
going to classes once a week doing an online course going to an English-speaking country for a month going out with an English-speaking person studying at home with special books and / or CDs listening to songs and watching TV in English
2
What is the advert for? How does the product or service work? How much does it cost? How can you buy it?
Discuss these questions with a partner.
1 Do you think the product will work? Why / Why not? 2 What kind of person is the advert trying to attract? 3 What do you think of this product?
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Global chat ListeninE 1 Look at this list of languages. Whi:::h one would you most like to learn? Why?
~ ~ 2
Anlbic Portuguese
French Russian
Japanese Spanish
2
1
3 ~
3 ~
fortugue.;>,e.
Braz.ilian
Language
Words that helped
Listen again and look at the reasons for learning a language below. Which reasons are mentioned in conversations 1, 2 and 3?
a b c d e f 4
1 writing letters in English 2 learning new words 3 reading English newspapers
~ Listen to three people trying to persuade a friend to learn one of these languages. Which languages are they talking about? Which words helped you decide?
2
3
1 ~ Listen to four different teachers giving students some advice about studying. What do the students want help with?
because because because because because because
he / she likes the culture it will be good for his / her career he / she wants to go on holiday the language is becoming more popular not many people speak the language he / she might move abroad
Can you think of any other reasons why people study languages? Why are you studying English?
Speaking 1 Look at these rules for teachers and students at a language school. Are these good rules or bad rules? Why?
Listen again. What advice does each teacher give? Complete the sentences with the teachers' advice. Then Iisten to check your answers.
1 2 3 4
If I were you, I would ... You ought to . You should . I recommend ... I
4 What do you think of this advice? Which idéa do you like best? Why? 5 Work in pairs. What advice would you give to these students?
11 I want to do better ir'lmy exams. ) 12 I want to improve my listening SkillS.)
13 I want to practise speaking.) 14" I want to study on the train every day.) 5 I want to understand films and songs in English.
SUPER
STRICT ENGLlSH
ACADEMY
16 I want to use my computer
The TEACHER should: • always set lots of homework • always speak in English • always correct
students' mistakes
• often set surprise exams
The STUDENTS
should:
• always sit in the same seat • always speak in full sentences • always writedown
new words
• never use bilingual dictionaries
2
In groups, think of your own rules for teachers and students. Does everyone agree?
(jf~97
to study. )
Street styles o
• -inQ form
• Clothes nouns and adJectives
•
• AdJective order • The infinitive
• Street styles
• Clothes ShOpplIlg
Ji & /:;/
look
Yocabular~ Clothes adjectives 1 Look at the photos and describe each look. Which do you find most attractive? Why? ;>
Match the opposites.
2 3 41 5
casual trendy formal~a) tidy baggy
Re@ing
b) c) d) e)
smart unfashionable tight informal scruffy
& Listening
1 Match Matt, Alice, Lucy and Edwardwith texts 1-4. 2 Describe yourself and people you know. Use the adjectives above. M,/ c.ou5in alwa,/5 100\:::55mart. and tie- e-ve-r,/ da,/-
He- wcar5 a wit
3 Look at the four photos again. What type of people do you think they are? Can you tell somebody's character from their 'Iook'? 4 (íü) Listen to the four people describe their personalities. Were you correct? Which two believe their clothes reflect their personality? S Each speaker uses three adjectives to describe their personality. Listen again and make a note of them. Matt: e-a5,/-going
I prefer wearing scruffy
0.0
Look at transcript 11.1 on page 60 of the Reference Guide and check your answers.
o
clothes, like old jeans. I haven't bo\!ght
( anylabels. new Buying clothes in ages. fram I can'tsecond-nand stand clothes shops and markets is fun, and sometimes you can find real bargains.
Looking after my appearance is really imponant. I love looking smart because ir makes me feeI better about myself. I shave every day and put on a nice, ironed shirt. It's simple; wearing good clothes gives me confídence. Dressing up for special occasions is really as well.
Street styles --_._---~--~ pronunga!ion
!fi
I,
r'a' •.-L' ci7iC') 'r,I J
.
~ __
â2.~ªl5.i.D~
__
Changes of look
-n"Llol-..-."
:::>j~.1 L~J ICJ
C ...i_'
,iU) Listen to trlese words. Can vou hear the difference in pronunciation of the underlined letters?
fashion /J/
cas.ual /3/
-, M
Listen and tick sound.
occasion option.l" special sweatshirt
(.I")
the words with
passion pleasure television treasure
Language focus lorm
________
•. _ ..
u.
a/fi
n
~
-i/7Ç}
Match examples 1-2 with rules a-b.
1 I prefer wearing scruffy c1othes. 2 Dressing up is really good fun. You can use the -ing form: a) as the subject of a sentence. b) after certain verbs (e.g. like, avoid, finishJ. Find two more examples of each type in the texts on page 98. We often use the -ing form after verbs of like / dislike. How many can Vou find in the texts? Which ones have similar meanings? See Reterence Guíde, p. 76. See Workbook, p. 72, exs. 7-2.
Practice Complete the sentences trlese verbs.
G~ put
with the -íng form of look
~ dressup
wear
pay
\
work)
1 'Putting on make-up is a waste of time. 2 I like a lot of gel in my hair. 3 I'm not into second-hand clothes in markets. I prefer new things. 4 I hate my job. as a model would be much more fun. 5 I adore in strange clothes. 6 I have a shave every day. I can't stand ___ scruffy. 7 a suit and tie is uncomfortable, but I need to look smart at work. 8 I don't mind more to have comfortable shoes.
1 What do vou know about the people in the photos? What are they famous for?
2
In pairs, discuss how their looks have changed. Describe the photos and any other looks Vou can remember.
Dâvicl.B>ee-knâmuDecl.to nâve \onger nâir but tnen ...
3
Write sentences about how vou have changed your image ar look. You could include details of haircut, glasses, clothes etc. t
4
uDed to \ove v.leâring b\âe-k dotheD, but nov.l ...
Give your sentences to your teacher. You will be given someone else's sentences. Ask other students questions until Vou find out who wrote them.
How many of the sentences do vou agree with? A: f-.âDnicl.,aia '(ou UDeto v.lear g\âDDeD? No, \ aian't. A: On, Ok. 'PâU\â, dia '(ou UDeto v.lC-ârg\a%eD? 'P: YeD, I aia. A: Greât! Ana aia '(ou ... \2-;
99
I I•.
~.
r
.' .•..•....•..•.. .
I
Vocabul~,-,"-y~__~ ClotrlE5
DUns.
__
a
Match the words (1-20)
,j
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
belt r blouse boots boxers cap coat fleece high heels scarf shirt
with the pictures (a-t).
11 skirt 12 socks 13 suit 14 sweater 15 tie 16 tights 17 tracksuit 18 trainers 19 trousers 20 T-shirt
4 Put the clothes into these categories.
singular
I
be.\t
I trou5e-r5
upper body f\e.e.c.e.
_
plural
[lower body 150C.k5
II
I
,
I
I
I
both wit
Put these adjectives into categories: material, colou r or age. --_.,.--~-_.--.----- ,--- --
bIack cotton green Ieather old pink red second-hand c.o\our
new silk
- b\àC.k
I...ªngué.'lge focus
Look at the sentence and complete tlle rule for adjective order with these categories: material, colour; age.
An old black leather jacket.
The arder is: 1
,2
J
3 ..
See Reterence Guide, p. 76. See Workbook, pp. 72-3, exs. 3-5.
Practice -
Put these clothes descriptions into the correct order.
1 2 3 4 5 6
a plastic beIt red à re.d p\à5tiC. shoes nevv brown Ieather a white T-shirt cotton a sweater green second-hand a dress bIue silk neVl boots Ieather pink
be.\t
-. Work in pairs. Look at your partner for a minute and think about how to describe him I her Sit back to back and write a description
of his
clothes using as many adjectives as possible. ,tI,ftel"a minute compare with the real thing.
I
her
Street styles !:lstenLrlg_~_Y!'ritinJL Favourite clothes
_
:1 Compare your answers with your partner's.
Turn to page 125. Analyse your partner's personality.
I 641 Listen to a person describing a favourite item of clothing.
Your favourite. c.olour wa" gre.e.n, 1I1i" me.an" Your Ie.a"t favourite. c.olour wa" ie.\\ow ...
What is it? Is it for summer or winter? How do you know?
2
Listen again and answer the questions.
'1 What is it like? 2 V-lhere did she buy it? 3 How long has she had it?
4 How often does she wear it? 5 What does it remind her of?
.:: f'-1atchsentence beginnings a-c with categories 1- 3.
1 material 2 age 3 associations
a I've had it since / for '" b 1t reminds me of ... c 1t's made of '"
4 What adjectives were used to describe your partner's character? Are the adjectives positive, negative ar neutral?
!-aD.guage
m
1 You find it difficu1t to relate to other people. 2 You need to be more ambitious. 3 You are happy to live this way. 4 You p1a~ to do great things. You can use to + infinitive: a) after certain verbs (e.g. need, want
_
1 Answer the questions. Which colour: 1 2 3 4
_
Match examples 1-4 with the rules a-b.
Write a description of a favourite item of clothing and read it to your partner. Can he I she guess what you are describing?
?peaking_~_ Readi.rlg__
f_o_c_u__S
The infinitive
1eam, p1an).
b) after certain adjectives.
do you normally prefer for clothes? do you never wear? would you choose to decorate your bedroom? makes you feel angry, calm or depressed?
Find six more verbs in the 'Test your personality' text on page 125 that are followed by to + infinitive.
') Look at the colour chart and put the eight colours in order of preference. Be spontaneous! Find two more example sentences in the text in which adjectives are followed by to + infinitive.
See Reference Guie/e, p. 16. See Workbook, p. 73, exs. 6-8.
Practice j
Complete the sentences with to + infinitive ar the -ing form of the verb in brackets.
1 1tisn't easy (buy) clothes for somebodyelse. 2 I enjoy (wear) second-hand clothes. 3 I would like (spend) more money on clothes. 4 Every year, I decide (throw) away the clothes that I don't wear. 5 It's difficult (te11)somebody's character from their clothes. 6 I hate (wear) bright colours like red and yellow.
2
Are the sentences true for you? If not, alter them so that they are true. 4. fve-ri ie.ar, I ae.c.iae. to give. mi ola c.\otl1e." to c.l1ariti ...
101
i! iS
2 Which fashion tribes do you associate with the following?
Some items
can go with more than one fashion tribe. Da99'l jcanl',
( Match the fashion tribes (1-6)
1102
!
I .'
baggy jeans
\
I
~ilver
the photos (a-f).
1 headbanger 2 hippy 3 punk
with
4 goth 5 rasta 6 skater
- I',\(atcr
baseball caps
black cloth~b;dy
pi~~rcing '--\
denim incense jacketssticksdreadlocks long hair dyed mohicans hair ethnic sandals clothes j_ew_el_le_r_y __ t_at_t_o_o_s ...__tl~gl:.!_j_e_an_s __tig.h_t_T_~~_~_ir_ts __ t_r_a_i~~./ j
.:::' Answer the questions.
1 What type of music do you associate with these fashion tribes? 2 What do you think of the people who like these musical styles? 3 Is there any 'look' associated with the music you listen to?
Street styles Listening
.
_
Writing Ciass survey
1 65J Listen to Brian, Jodie and Liz talking about their favourite music. Match them with the fashion tribes on page 102.
1 In pairs, write three multiple-choice questions for a c1ass survey. Choose from these topics, or think of your own.
2 Listen again and complete the table.
Favourite groups / DJs
Reasons they like it
I
Misconceptions
music groups TV programmes
Brian Jodie
_
film stars~' fashion labelS~j)
tl1at we are l1ooliganD, c.rimina\D
Liz
me- c:.11e-mic.a\~rotl1e-rD fatbo'{
'S\im .
Reading & Speaking
c)
1 How important is your look? How much money do Vou spend on clothes? Do Vou think vou are a fashion victim? 2 Complete the questionnaire. partner
Compare your answers with your
2 Ask other students your questions and note their answers. Ask them to explain their answers where possible. Report the results to the class. Were there any surprises?
3 Turn to page 123. Calculate your partner's score and read the description. Do vou think it is true? Does your partner agree?
I .n victim?
11I
Are
VOU
a fa
1 Do you ever buy designer clothes? a) Only for a very special occasion. b) Never. I1's a complete waste of money. Quite often. The quality and design are worth the extra cost. 2 Would you ever pierce your belly button? a) Maybe, but it would be really painful. b) Why not? It would probably look great. No way. I'm not into self-mutilation. Would you ever have a tattoo on your shoulder? a) Yes. It would be cool. b) No, not if it was a permanent one. I would get bored ofit. No. I really hate tattoos. 4Do you ever buy second-hand dothes? a) No. think i1's horrible to wear other people's things. b) Only if it was something I couldn't find new. Yes. You can find some real bargains in the markets.
I
5 Where do you normally buy your dothes? a) My parents buy my dothes for me. b) In exclusive fashion boutiques. In department stores and chain stores. How often do you change your winter wardrobe? a) Every year. b) Never. I've been wearing the same winter dothes for years. Every twoor three years. 7 Have you ever dyed your hair? a) No. I like my hair colour just as it is. b) Yes, but only as a joke. Yes. I love to change my look! 8 Would you ever be a member of a fashion tribe? a) No. I am an individual and would never be a done. b) Maybe. It depends on the style. I am already!
. J
11
The Real Thing:
1
~peakinR & Listening g
_
Look at the photos. Which do you think are suitable for these occasions? a fancy dress party a charity event Ha110ween a street parade New Year's Eve
2 66) Listen to Mari, Rod and Antonia talking about dressing up. Answer the questions.
1 VI/hat clothes did they dress up in? 2 Vl/ho did they dress up as? 3 For what occasion? Li~m:~n·again.Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? If false, correct the sentences.
1 2 3
4 5 6 ,1[
Mari dressed up as a celebrity. Her brother didn't expect her to dress up. Rod doesn't often wear fancy dress. He kept the whole costume on a11day. Antonia won the prize for best fancy dress. She organised the competition herself.
Work in groups. Think of (or imagine) a time you had to dress up. Describe the clothes, the 'Iook' and the event. Onc.c I elrc%cel up a5 'Santa
c..\àU5 ... it wa5
mi elaugl1ter' 5 c..l1ri5tma5 parti
Choose one story to tell the rest of the c1ass.
L
l104
!
M Listen and
stuff
complete the sentences.
1
A lot of people dressed
2 3
I had a shiny red I wore this white
up as famous people
T-shirt and cape suit and huge sunglasses
_ o
_
2 Does the word
stuf{ make a sentence more or less specific? How would you say and stuf{ in your language?
3
M Listen and answer
the questions.
1 vVhat are the speakers doing? Vl/here are they? 2 What does stuffrefer to in each case? 4 Work in pairs. Turn to Reference Guide, page 61. Look at transcript 11.8 and continue each conversation. Use the word stuf{. A: .., me- c.ar h,n't big e-nougl1 for alI tl1i5 5tun iou've bougl1t. B: Wcll, wc c.an't Ie-ave- it l1ere. A: 01<. !'lI pl10ne Mar\;: anel a5\:: l1im to ta\::e 50mc 5tuff
in l1i5 c.ar ...
Street styles
,;j
Put this conversation into the correct order. SHOPASSISTANT:How would you like to pay? CUSTOMER: Yes, please. 1'm looking for a winter coat. sHOP ASSISTANT:No, no ... I think it fits you rea11y welI. CUSTOMER: Fine. 1'11take it. SHOPASSISTANT:Certainly, madam. CUSTOMER: QK. Can I try it on? 1- SHOPASSISTANT:Can I help you, madam? CUSTOMER: I don't think i1's big enough for me. SHOPASSISTANT:11'sin the sale - 80 euros. CUSTOMER: Rea11y? How much is it then? SHOPASSISTANT:Fine. 1'n just put it in a bag for you. CUSTOMER: Credit cardo SHOPASSISTANT:This one will suit you, I think. ~
~ Listen and match the conversations (1- 3) with the pictures (a-d). You will not need one of the pictures. What problem does each customer have? Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs. 1 Excuseme. Can I these shoes, please? 2 They're not big enough. I can't even them 3 When I them at home, I realised they didn't suit me at alI. 4 OK, why don't you those ___ and try these? ~
Listen and check.
Listen and check.
Who might say these phrases? a) the customer 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 te"
b) the shop assistant
Can I try it on? Can I get you anything else? 1t rea11y suits you. 1'n take it. 1'm looking for ... Is it OK if1 return this ... ? Of course / Certainly. Here you are. 1t fits really welI. 1t'5 not quite big enough.
Act out two dialogues. Student A: Turn to page 119. Student B: Turn to page 123.
c) both
~ i lj
'I
Alternatives • The definite
and zero article
• Modal verbs: speculation
get + preposition
• Iju:1 & IAI
• -ed / -Ing adjectives
• Future plans
• Transport
Car culture J
Vocabular~ Transport
•
1 Which of these statements descríbes your relationship wíth cars?
1 2 3 4 5
I couldn't live without one. A car is useful but not essentiaI. I think a car improves your lifestyle. I'm so against cars, I could never own one. Itjust gets me from A to B, that's alI.
É ~
2
Look at photos 1-4. Which car do vou think is the most attractive?
3 What alternative forms of transport are shown in the pictures below? Match the words (1-8) with the pictures (a-h).
1 bike 2 bus 6 rollerblades
3 micro-scooter 4 moped 5 motorbike 7 skateboard 8 the underground
Which do vou like travelling on? Why? Can Vou thínk of any other alternative forms of transport?
Listening & Vocabulary
get + preposition 1 G1J Which form of transport and Donna talk about?
do Geert, Ray, Claudia
~e.e.rt - bi\::e. 2
Listen again and answer the questions.
1 How long have they used this form of transport? 2 Why is it ideal for them? 3 Are there any disadvantages? Complete these sentences from the recording with
get and the correct preposítion.
1 2 3 4
As soon as I ge.t 0\1 my bike I feel free. I can work on them in about fifteen minutes. I can quickly and it's a great form of exercise. You can your board when you like and walk for a bit. 5 The best way to this city is on a moped. 6 You can A to B really quickly. G2J Listen and check.
Look again at the sentences in Exercise 3. Wllat does
get mean in each one? Work with a partner. Describe your daíly íOutine involving transport Use as many 'get' verbs as possible \ UWà\\'{
-
Se-t 0\1 m'{ bi\::e- àt 3.'30 to 90 to \'wr\("
Speaking & Reading
Cars --curse ar crale?
1 In pairs, make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of driving a caro i\c.\Vanta9e-5 c.onve.nie.nt
'kq 2
Jahnny Watson 3lJ It is easy to cribcise
Di5ac.\Vanta9e-5 '2>\0\'1 in traTIic. jam5
cars - they
cause poll,ution and accidents, and so on. But what are the
Read what two people think about cars. Look at your list and tick the advantages and disadvantages that they mention. Do they mention any others?
alternatives?
when vou can relax in the comfort
3 Who do vou most agree with?
Nobody wants to
travei in a slow, smelly old bus of your own caro In most
countries,
the public transport
expensive and inefficient
Language Focus The definite and zero article
designed to meet drivers' everywhere.
system is inadequate,
- and anyway, cities today are needs, with fast roads and car parks
The car industry
also provides thousands
Roads are getting safer and more efficient cars are causing less pollution
It is easy to criticise cars. The public tranSDort system is inadequate.
lead·free
15
What's the problem?
Amanda Rees, 33 I am much happier now that I don't have my
Find an example for each of the following rules:
We generally usethe definite article (the): 1 with superlative adjectives. The- \'IOr5t thil19 aDOut c.ar5 2 when there is only one of something. 3 when it is obvious to both speaker and listener what is being referred to. We normally use the zero article (0) ... 4 with abstract nouns in general. S with plural and uncountable nouns in general. 6 with most countries, continents, states, lakes, mountains, towns and streets.
because of
petrol and other technological
improvements.
Look at the underlined nouns. Why does one take the definite article (the) and one the zero article (0)?
caro I used to spend an hour stuck in a traffic jam each morning
...
and irritable stressedl
and that made me angry
for the rest of the day. I was so
The worst thing about cars, though,
is the number of accidents.
Did Vou know
that somebody dies ina road accident in Britain every two and a half hours? Another thing I hate is the way that road building destroying
the countryside.
is
Finally, I would
love to live without that constant traffic
noise coming through
the window. In fact, I think it's the noise that bothers me most.
the definite article used in the same way in your language? See Reterence Guide, p. 71 See Workbook, p. 78, exs. 7-2.
of jobs.
every year, and
Song 63) Driving
in my caro See resource sheet 12A.
Speaking & Reading
Cars -- curse ar
1 In pairs, make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of driving a caro f\dvanta9~"
\j~í'i c.onvf~nitnt 2
Johnny Watson 30 It is easy to critjcise cars - they cause poll.ution and accidents, and so on. Sut what are the
Di"advanta9~" S\O'IJ in traffie. jam"
Read what two people think about cars. Look at your list and tick the advantages and disadvantages that they mention. Do they mention any others?
3 Who do vou most agree with?
Language
Focus
The definite and zero article It Ís easy to critÍCÍse cars. The public tranSDort system Ís Ínadequate. Look at the underlined nouns. Why does one take the definite artiele (the) and ane the zero artiele (0)? Find an example for eaeh af the fallawing rules:
We generally usethe definite article (the): 1 with superlative adjectives. Th~ 'lJor"t tl1in9 aDout e.ar" 2 when there is only one of something. 3 when it is obvious to both speaker and listener what is being referred to. We normally use the zero article (0) ... 4 with abstract nouns in general. 5 with plural and uncountable nouns in general. 6 with most countries, continents, states, lakes~ mountains, towns and streets.
Graze?
...
alternatives? Nobody wants to travei in a slow, smelly old bus when vou can relax in the comfort of your own caroIn most countries, the public transport system is inadequate, expensive and inefficient - and anyway, cities today are designed to meet drivers' needs, with fast roads and car parks everywhere. The car industry also provides thousands of jobs. Roads are getling safer and more efficient every year, and cars are causing less pollution because of lead·free petrol and other technological improvements. What's the problem? Amando Rees, 33 I am much happier now that I don't have my caroI used to spend an hour stuck in a traffic jam each morning and that made me angry and irritable for the rest of the day. I was so stressedl The worst thing about cars, though, is the number of accidents. Did vou know that somebody dies in a road accident in Sritain every two and a half hours? Another thing I hate is the way that road building is destroying the countryside. Finally, I would loveto Iive without that constant traffic noise coming through the window. In fact, I think it's the noise that bothers me most.
Is the definite artiele used in the same way in your language? See Reterence Guide, p. 17 See Workbook, p.78, exs. 7-2.
Song tGl
Driving in my caro See resource sheet 12A.
íl'k !':"
Lifestyles Reading
: f
1 Look at the photos and headline. What do Vou think the article is about? 2
~ ~.
Read the text and answer the questions.
1
What are they protesting about? 2 Why is their protest important to them? 3 Do they think their protest will be successful?
3
J-
'r
Who do Vou sympathise with most? Why?
8'
h
Noah Rose, 29, is living in a treehouse to protest about a new road which the local couneil is planning to build. 'Sometimes you can get a bit bored of living in a treehouse. I mean, you don't have any of the basic things that yo'u're used to. I'm here because I really feel that this road should not be built. It will just add to pollution and destroy some beautiful countryside. I know we'll succeed in the end - I'm sure we can beat the Department of Transport. Who needs more roads anyway?'
3
Vocabulary -ed / -ing adjectives Sometimes you can get a bit bored. 2 It's depressing but that's how it is. 3 Sometimes I get quite frightened about that.
2
-
Complete the sentences with these adjectives
refer to:
Find other examples of -ed / -ing adjectives in the texts.
disgusting surprising
frightened
1 Iam àppà\\Cc\ by a lot of news that we see on televísion. 2 Most political parties are really dull these days, their policies are so 3 1'm in green policies - more parties should pay attention to then-l. 4 It's the different kinds of people tl1at you meet Oil. anti·war demonstrations. There are all sorts. 5 Tl1eamount offood that we \vaste every day is really 6 1'm to go out at nigl1t in my tov'in, it's very dangerous.
1
-ed or -ing, a) what a person feels? b) what a situation is?
'We have tied ourselves to the house, so the police can't move us out. They've got no right. This house has been empty for years and nobody owns it. We live here peacefully and don't do any harm to anyone. We don't believe in capitalism or consumerism, and that's why this protest is important. A home is a home and you shouldn't have to be grateful to the banks for that. Whatever happens, I know we'll have to leave in the end. It's depressing but that's how it is - the police always win.'
appallcd boring interested
1 Look at these sentences from the text.
Which adjectives,
Nancy Barrett, 23, lives in a squat in New Cross Road. The police want to evict her and other squatters from the houses in the area.
o
4
Choose four of the adjectives and write sentences that are true for vou.
Speaking 1 Work in groups. You are going to prepare a protest speech. Decide what issue you will talk about. Here are some ideas.
polítical (e.g. corruption) environmental (e.g. pollution) social (e.g. crime) prejudices (e.g. racism) economic (e.g. house prices)
AN i\NIlVIAL LOVER Diane Hoyle, 24, has camped outside a well-known laboratory for the last four nights. Tm here because I'm an animallover. Inside this building, scientists are experimenting on cats, guine a pigs and hamsters to test out beauty products. I'm amazed that our society allows this torture. It's scandalous, in factoSome people in our movement have taken violent adion; they have attacked people and even put bombs in labs. Sometimes I get quite frightened about that - I don't agree with those tactics. We have to get our message across peacefully, but I'm sure we will succeed in the end. !t's
2
Consider these questions:
1 What caused the problem? Who or what is responsible for it? 2 When did it start? What is making it worse? 3 What needs to be done to solveit? 4 Who do you need to protest to? Try to imagine what the opposition
would say, and think
of counter argument\ Make a list of the language and any set expressions that you wish to use. 3
Prese'nt your arguments answer any questions. We. are. tire.eI
interesting how much support we're getting from the general public.'
f>ituation
of tne. nign
if> appa\\ing.
tne. c.ountri
tlOUf>e. pric.e.f> in tnif> C.iti. 1'ne.
1'ne-i
are. ac.tua\\i
anel no one. if> eloing
Listen to your classmates' challenging
Listening
to the rest of the class and
anitning
tne. nigne.f>t
in
to f>top it...
speeches. Try to ask
questions.
G4J Listen to John and Margaret talking about the demonstrators in the text. Answer the questions.
1 Who does John sympathise with? What about Margaret? 2 Who do they both disagree with? Why? 3 What does John say about protests and demonstrations in general? 4 Why does Margaret admire protestors?
octuol/y, to be honest, in foct
The Real Thing:
1 What does the word actua//y mean?
a) at the present time b) in reality c) immediately
2
(Í2.5j
Listen and complete
1
the sentences.
Pronunciation Ijur I
study
hunt beautiful computer future argue result reduce reduction number public schedule Jtudcnt subject ~ stupid
others. 2
Where do actua//y, to be honest and in fact appear in the sentence? What word sometimes appears before them? How would you say these expressions in your language?
IAI
1 Put the words into the correct column.
, 1sympathised with some more than
, 1was thinking of giving them some money. 3 , a Iot of them come from quite rich families. 4 , 1think it's really good what they're doing. 5 ... because, , we never do anything, do we?
student and
Iju:
I
f>tuele.nt
IAI f>tueli
G6J Listen and check.
2
GJJ Listen and repeat these sentences.
1 ln the future, studying computer science wil! become very important. 2 We argued a lot about the results. 3 There has been a reductian in the number af students for this subject.
Futures Speaking
1 Look at these film stills showing how previous generations imagined the future. What do they show? Have any of the predictions come true?
2
What will the world be Iike in 2050? (1-6) with the predictions (a-f).
1
space traveI \
2
wars natural disasters currency marriage geography
34 65
3
Match the topics
a) There won't be so many, but there "vil! be more terrorism instead. b) There will just be one all over the world, so life will be easier. c) There will be a Iot more because of global warming. d) At Iast, we will discover !ife on other pIanets. e) Nations will break up into smaller units. f) This won't existo Children will take only their mother's name.
Make your own predictions on the same topics. Then answer the questions.
1 What do you find exciting about the future? 2 What do you find frightening about it? 3 Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the future? Why? I fina it e.uiting
tl1at ~e. c.ou\a live. to be.
IDO
'le.ar~ ola.
Reading
1
Read this extract from a futuristic novei. Choose the best summary of this vision of the future. a) Life is great fun because computers do the boring things for us. b) Life is a bit boring because we are controlled by computers. c) Life is out of control and dangerous because computers are in charge.
Friday 8.00 When 1wake up, my pet computer,
2
Work in pairs to answer the questions.
1
and says 'Good morning'
I
According
us in
to the text, what will pet computers
do for
2050?
does he dislike? 11e.li\(e.~: doing nothing 11e.ai~like.~: ...
3
my 'Iook' for the day. 9.00 At the office
Tne.'l ~i\\ c.110M>e.our c.\otl1e.~, ... 2 What does Citizen KYZ606 like about his world? What ...
again. I want
changes the lighting day. It's great computers
at ~ork,
Daniel, smiles at me
He makes me a coffee and chooses
sunshine
and air conditioning
here, beéause
1 don't
today
so Daniel
to create a sunny
have to think
-
the
do everything. While Daniel organises my schedule,
I talk to friends on my mobile videophone.
11.30 At the gym. My computer
knows exactly what I need to
Discuss these questions with your partner.
do. I don't like doing so much exercise, but Daniel says 1'11have
1
a heart attack at the age of 53 if I don't.
How dose to reality do you think this vision is? Which aspects do you think are beIievabIe? 2 How much of our lives is already controlled by machines and computers? How much do they know about us?
15.00 Lunch in the office restaurant the food-ordering
We press some buttons on
machine, and the pills arrive quicklythrough
a hole in the table. Evel-ything tastes really good today.
13.30 Back in the office, there's nothing to do so I take a nap. Daniel will wake me up when I've had enough sleep.
16.00 Daniel has Vl'oken me up, but there's no work to do so do a bit of shopping
online. I love shopping.
i
Daniei helps me
find a shirt that will look good at the party tonight knows what Ilike.
He really
Alternatives Listening
1
G"BJ Listen to two people discussing what life will be like in 2050. What positive and negative aspects do they mention?
2 ~
1 2 3 4 5
Listen and complete the sentences. 1nformation technology become the most important thing. People work from home more. There __ -o be more unemployment. Doctors find a cure for cancer. There be life out there somewhere.
Language Focus Modal verbs: Speculation We use modal verbs to speculate and the present.
about the future
ln 2050, peop1e could / might / may work from home more. There must be 1ife out there somewhere. There can't be 1ife on Mars - 10ts of scientists have 100ked but no one has found anything.
Work in pairs. Continue citizen KYZ606's diary for the next day. Use these notes to help vou. 'Saturoa,/ q.oo - Wake. up. 10.00 - De.c.ioe. to trave.l. Danie.1 5e.t5 tran5porte.r i\ntarc.tic.a.
Look at the examples and complete the rules with cou/d,
for
might, may, must, can't.
Present Future
1t'5 c.lou0'l- i\5k Danie.1 to C.har19e.the. we.athe.r 2.1.00 - Look at the. Wn5e.t. 1.2..00
-
-
...
............
will
When speculating,
2 Compare your diaries with other pairs of students.
Back at home, I watch a football
match, although
!
it's not very
oon't
think
exciting because Daniel tells me the result before the end. He does that with films as well-I 21.00
/ /
Impossible
/
/
won't
the opposite of must is
Look at transcript 12.9 on page 63 of the Reference Guide. How many different ways of speculating about the future can vou find?
Which is the best / funniest / saddest? Why? 19.00
Possible
Definite
14.00 - IZ-eturn home.. Watc.h D;:mie.1c.\e.an the. flat IlP.OO
it will be. 50 oiffe.re.nt ...
See Reterenee Guide, p. 17 See Workbook, pp. 78-9, exs. 3-6.
get really annoyed with him.
Party in full swing. As soon as I arrive, Oaniel chooses me a
partner who will be compatible.
She seems very nice. I order another
whisky and a red warning light goes on -I am drinking toa much againl
Practice
23.00 Time for bed. Oaniel prepares
1
my pyjamas and my dreams for
the night. I think I would prefer to dream on my own, but anyway ... It's been a good day ... I think!
Do vou think these things are certain, possible or impossible in the future? Complete the sentences with wil/, wan't, might, may ar eou/d.
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
English be everyone's first language. The hole in the ozone layer get bigger. A film star be the world's richest person. People live longer. Terrorism become more common. They discover a cure for cancer.
Give your apinion using must, can't or cou/d / might / may, and explain your answer.
1
Are fish intelligent? fi5h c.an't be. inte.\\i9e.nt. 'Tt1e.,/'re. re.a\l,/ e.a5,/ to c.atc.n ano ...
2 Is there !ife on another planet? 3 Are ghosts real? 4 Is chocolate good for you?
111
~Qeaking & Listening
2 Discuss these questions. 1 vVhich of the buildings in the photos do you like most? Why? 2 VVhatis the most famous building in your city / town? VVhyis it famous? Do you like it? 3 Are there any new buildings you particularly like / dislike?
1 Match the buildings (1-4) with the photos above (a-d) and the descriptions (i-iv). 1 The Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao 2 The Pompidou Centre, Paris 3 111eSydney Opera House 4 The Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur electricity are carried along brightly coloured
pipes,isvisible ali over the inside building. í'i-Th"iS a building turned out. Water and
ii At 451 metres, this is the world's tallest building. Its 88 floors cost $1.2 billion to build. iii lts roof looks like a collection of shells. For many years it was considered impossible to build. First designed in 1956,it was finally finished in 1973 with the help of computers. iv lt has glass walls in the shape of a ship, covered in thin 'fish scales' of titanium.
3
Work in pairs. Look at photos a-f below.What are these strange buildings for? Match uses 1-6 with the photos. 1 bus shelter 4 sauna 2 meditation shelter 5 storytelling pavilion 3 public toilets 6 water tower 'B>uiloing o mignt be- a sauna of wooo ..
be-c.21use-it is màc\e-
'B>uiloing e- c.iln't be- a wàte-r towe-r be-C.àUSe-it is tne- wrong snape-.
~
Listen and check.
BASIC HOIJSE Architect: Martin Ruíz de Azua
lV1AISON-VALISE (SUITCASE HOME)
This is a very basic house with only one room, and it is so portable that it fits in your pocket. The house has an interior area of 8 cubic metres and is made from metallic polyester. The fabric is gold on one side to protect against the cold and silver on the other to keep the warmth in. Ir is even translucent so you can look outside. Ir weighs only 200 grams and is inflated by blowing air into the fabric - a tent but without a frame.
Architects: Claire Petetin and Philippe Gregoire These houses are made of durable plastic materiaIs often used in sports equipment. The units are kept flat when not in use, but can be pulled out like a concertina on wheels to create a lide of temporary rooms. The architects who designed them want to change our concept of mobile homes. They don't belong only in caravan parks and green areas ~ they can aIso be used in urban areas for homeless people, immigrants and refugees, depending on the city and the situation. The only problem? Each one costs around $100,000.
When you don't need a house, you can let out the air and use the fabric as a blanket. Or put it in your pocket and move on. And the best thing? Ir only costs around $50 to make.
1
~ Listen to three conversations weekend. Complete the table. Conversation
1
about plans for the
Conversation
2
I
Conversation
3
Plans for the nta'fil19 il1 a weekend l1e-w hote-l il1 \:7e-l1idOrm
Possible problems
2
Listen again and complete
1
A: What are you B: We're 2
1
2 A: What are you
3
B: There
4
3 A: What have you B: I'm 6 __
3
the gaps.
this weekend? Benidorm. ____ __ 5
this weekend?
a problem. ~ this weekend? stay with some friends.
Have similar conversations
4 Work in groups. Create your own future home. Consider these questions:
1 Will it be luxurious or basic? 2 Will it be mobile or permanent? 3 Will it be cheap or expensive? 4 How many rooms and what facilities will it have?
in pairs.
Student A: Turn to page 119. Student B: Turn to page 121.
Write a description and read it out to the rest of the class. Which is the most original future home?
Who speaks English? While you watch
Voxpops [23:45-25:10] pops and answer
Watch the vox
the on-screen
Sequence 1 [25:11-26:43] Luke Meddings teaches English to foreign students in a language school in West London.
questions. 1 Watch again. Who says it?
1 I speak Chinese and English and a little bit of Hindi.
Watch sequence and answer
2 My languages are very, very bad ...
1 What do these
3 I speak 3panish, English, French and a bit of Catalan.
2
1est your memory.
Complete
1 36 Lu\(e. the
gaps.
numbers
refer
i5 "3{P '1e.àr5 olcl.
Did Luke like teaching
when
to? Make sentences.
2 1987
3 8.30
he started?
4 3 hours
Why
I
5 12.00
Why not?
:5 What does he Iike about teaching?
ZHENG:
LUKE:
The best way to learn a language is either to __ to that country ar make friends with
Sequence 2 [26:44-28:03]
people ... from the country. __ in lave with the culture.
1
Watch the sequence Complete
the missing
The best way to learn a language is by __ time in that country. The best way to learn a language is __ a person from that country.
OllVER:
JUlIETA:
J
2
1
the questions.
What other things people
studying
tr2\ining
are these
the questions.
information.
Name:
Mauricio
Nationality: Job:
__ --
Name:
3tella
Nationality: Job:
Slovakian
at the moment?
1 Michael 2 3arah \qb2\\ if> aOing
-~
and answer
3 Iqbal 4 Oliver Name:
2\ bUf>ineM
c.ourf>e.
Name:
Jon
Nationality: Job:
__
Name:
Zora
Nationality: Job:
__
Marcela
Nationality:
__
Job:
nanny
Defore lOU watch Discuss
in pairs.
What languages do you speak? What languages would you like to learn? 2
Look at Vox pops, exerci se 2. Whose opinion do you agree with most?
3 What makes a good language teacher? 4 What do you like doing most in your English class? 5 What's your favourite English word?
\114f;t_ I
:1
Answer
the questions.
1 How does Jon help in the school? 2 What does Zora love? 3 Why does Mauricio do a different job to his usual job?
Sequence 3 [28:04-29:59] ••
Watch part
1 of sequence
1 Why do the students
3 and answer
the questions.
like Iiving in london? Match the names with the reasons.
1 3tella
a) museums
2 Mauricio 3 Jon 4 Marcela
b) parks c) multicultural d) architectul'e
mix of people
Talking in
[28:54-29:59] Now watch the rest of
2
sequence 3. What do Luke's students about him? Complete the gaps. STEllA:
JON:
say
1 Read the text and match the countries
He's very __ , we are doing a lot of , speaking, and it's kind of relax. Ilike the way he teach because it's very __ He's __ I enjoy a lot the classes with him. I . we practise a lot af speaking, we speak a lot in the classes and I think it's __
í
l
Argentina
Australia
below to the circles.
Belgium
Canada
Ghana
Puerto Rico Singapore South Africa Spain India Ireland Kenya Nigeria Portugal ",--Switzerland Thailand United States Zimbabwe
0'0
MARCELA:
o
o
o
o
;$ Correct the four mistéikes ín red that the students make in exercise 2 .
The way English has spread around the world can be presented in three concentric circles. In inner circle countries, English is spoken as a first language. In outer circle countries, English plays an important role as one of severa! officiallanguages, oiten because of colonial links with Britain. In expanding circle countries, English is taught as a foreign language.
..-"
"
Sequence 4 [30:00-30:41]
-'.
expanding
circle
~razil Italy
Watch the sequence and answer the questions.
outer circle Jamaica
1 Luke is talking about what he is doing now and his future plans. Tick the verbs that he uses.
Hong Kong
I
(enjoy. start.l finish work play writeprefer 2
Match the verbs you ticked above with the phrases below, to make sentences about Luke.
310 million
\
1 travelling 2 a book for students
3 talking at conferences 4 a couple of baoks
speakers (approx.) 375 million
speakers
(approx.)
Watch the whole OVOagain aild answer the on-screen qllestions. 1.8 billion speakers """""
""'"",
After you watch
1
Can you remember? Close YOllr books and describe the five students, 8tella, Mauricio, Marcela, Jon, and Zora. What other information about them?
2
Circle 8tella and Mauricio's words. STEllA:
MAURICIO:
3
can you remember
favourite
naturally, actually, intellectually, virtually enjoyable, comfortable, lovable, vegetable
Practise saying the words in exerci se 2. How many syllables does each word have? Can you think of other words that end in -al/y or -able?
(approx.)
Where would you place your country? 2 These countries ali have high numbers of speakers of English as a first language. Match the countries with the figures. 1 India
a) 11 million
2 Nigeria 3 South Africa
b) 200 million c) 2 million
4 Singapore
d) 60 million
Let's talk Oiscuss the questions. 1 What has been the best and the worstthing
about learning
English for you? 2 How many native speakers of English do you know? How many non-native speakers of English do you know? Who do you find it easiest to understand? 3 Which English-speaking country would you most like to visit? Why? 4 How do you hope your English will help you in the future?
Flashback 4 Vocabulary
2 a
& Speaking
1 a Complete the crossword. Look at Unit
11
Choose the correct form of the adjective.
if
vou need help.
1 It's really bored I boring. I used to be interested I interesting when I was a student, but nobody talks about real issues any more. Everyone just says what will get them more votes. I find it very disappointed I disappointing. 2 I absolutely love it. A lot of people get bored I boring
but I think it's really excited I exciting. You don't have to buy anything. 1t's funjust to go around looking at what's new. 1t's inspiring!
Across
3 5hoes, belts and sometimes trousers are made of this. (7) 4 Jeans and a sweatshirt are examples of ___ clothes. (6) 7 If you follow the latest fashions, you're __
3 I hate them. l've been frightened I frightening of them since I was a child. The city where I llve is full of them, and it's really annoyed I annoying because people let them run anywhere. And then they use the pavement as a toilet. That's really disgusted I disgusting!
b
.(6)
What topic is each person ta!king about? Choose from the topics below.
9 Levi, Lacoste and Calvin Klein are all __
dogs
.(6)
fashion squatters
politics teenagers
shopping
11 The opposite of tight for clothes. (5) Down
2 Rings, bracelets and necklaces are
examples of this. (9) 5 If an item of clothing is the right size for you, it (4) 6 Another way to say jumper 01' jersey. (7) 8 A shirt designed for a woman. (6) 10 Men often wear a suit and tie when they want to look (5) o
c Write v!hat vou think about one of the other topics. Read it to a partner. Can he I she guess what you're talking about?
Pronunciation 1 a Cirele the underlined
1 cullure fulure aclually @aos chat advenlure nalure chief church chocolate çhemist child 3 passion fashion sweatshirt op1ion pleas.ure English 4 televis.ion cas.uaJ trea:;;ure speçial unus.ual occa:;;ion 5 p]Jnctual n]Jmber res]Jlt st]Jdent stlldy incQme 6 redllction beautiful stllpicl compllter ne\-\! 2rgue 2
o
b
Write definitions
to describe other clothes
and street style vocabulary them with a partner.
in Unit 11. Swap
c Work in pairs. Make a list of five different social situations. What would vou wear? lf I mfõt m'{ bo'{frifõno.' s parents, Wfõar smart trouH·rs,
116
letter that is pronounced
differently.
\ 'Noulc\
b
{F4.1) Listen and check.
Flashback 4 Listening 1 a
{F4.2)
Listen to the conversation
and make a
note of Eric and Vanessa's plans for the surnmer.
Vanessa
Where, when I Di5ne-i\3nd, and forhow long? Possible problems and solutions b
3
~ 'P3ri5
4 5 6
Make a list of the structures about future plans.
7 8
vou can use to talk
b
\'m off to ... c Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about your summer plans. Use your list.
4 a
In pairs, ask and answer the questions. (F4.3) Listen to two students talking about this note that their classmate Sergio Gonzalez wrote. Who is Laura?
Laura
Language focus 1 Work in pairs. Write four sentences using adverbs from Unit 10. Cut up the sentences and give them to your partner. Can he / she re-order them? 2
a
Complete the definitions where.
b
Find the words which match the definitions.
a
Write the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 Do you like 2 Would you like country?
b
Gonz.á\e.z ..
Listen again. Which expressions mean:
a) It's possible. b) It's impossible. c) It's certain. 3} It c.ould be. ...
with who, which or
1 A person !ives in a foreign country. (Unit 10) 2 The cupboard you keep your clothes. (Unit 11) 3 A small shop sells expensive, trendy clothes. (Unit 11) 4 A person has dreadlocks and likes reggae music. (Unit 11) 5 A party women organise for their women friends before they get married. (Unit 11) 6 A person lives for free in a house that isn't his / hers. (Unit 12)
3
(traveI) can make you a more open person. Do you agree? What is it about English that you fmd easiest ___ (learn)? Do you need (use) English now in your daily!ife? 1s there any type of music that you can't stand ___ (listen) to? 1s it really worth (go) to university? 1sit difficult (find)work where you live?
(shop) for clothes? (live)in another
1
a
Work in groups. Look at Units 1-12 and write down ten discussion points on pieces of cardo Life. i5 be.tte.r 35 3n e-l'p3t. -me. inkrne.t i5 tne. be.5t inve.ntion
of tne. :z.otn
ce.ntur'{.
b
Take turns to pick up a cardo Talk for two minutes about the issue. The person with the strongest argument wins.
OR
2 a
Work in pairs. Write six words that express your life now ar your future plans. 1) g3rde-n5
b
Swap lists. Try to guess the meaning of the words.
I} '\ tnin\:: '{ou mignt w3nt to bu'{ 3 nOU5e- witn 3 g3rckn
in tne. future-.' ''Sorr'{, no. íri
3g3in!'
117
Communication banl< Unit 1
Unit 3
Landan: Melting pat af cultures (pages
8-9)
Takeaway English; A jab interview (page 29)
Student
A
5tudent
1 Complete the questions.
A lndia 1 When aia mOf>t peop\c from Inaia arrive in Lonaon? The 1950s and 60s. 2 How often ... 7 Every two weeks. B Poland 1 Where ... 7 The Hammersmith area . 2 Why ... 7 They can earn three times as much money in the UK. C West Africa 1 What kind ... 7 Yams and different types of rice. 2 What ... 7 South-east London. 2
A
Vou are looking for people who are suitable for these jobs.
Requirements:
• Own cal' • Clean dl'iving licence • Five yeal's' experience as a driver • Able to work night shift one day a week Good conditions for the right person.
Complete the questions with the eorreet question words.
(Wh8rl Why How long How Where Wfte) D China 1 Wl10 were the first arrivals7 2 can you experience ataste of China 7 E The Caribbean 1 did people from the Caribbean islands arrive in the UK? (date) 2 does the Notting Hill Carnival take place7 (place) F Brazil 1 do the bars and restaurants stay open7 (time) 2 did young Brazilians come to Britáin in the 1990s7 (reason)
LIFEGUARD /CLEANER needed for Bellevue Hotel swimming pool Oune-September) Requirements: • Proflcient swimmer • Some life-savingexperience necessary • Able to work weekends and overtime in summer season
.Responsibilities: • C1ean pool and garden area • Enforce rules and regulations in pool area
3 Answer your partner's questions on texts A-C. Do you have the same questions? 4
Now ask your partner the questions in Exereise 2 on texts D-F in Exereise 2. Do you have the same question words? Write down the answers.
1118
~.'!~.
1
Communication
Unit 5
Unit 6
Takeaway EnBlish: Booking a hotel (page 49)
Are you a junk food freak? (page 50)
Student
Key
A
1 You are the receptionist of the Hotel Belvedere. at the information about the hotel.
Look
Double: 85 euros (Half board) Views of Kelvingrove Park En suite bathroom Full room service and mini bar Internet connection Satellite TV Ideal for business people.
Answer your partner's 2
questions.
Swap roles. You need a cheap hotel (around 50 euros) for the night with breakfast included. The area is not important. Find out about the Hotel Douglas.
Mostly As: You are incredibly resistant to the fast food invasion. Eating we11is obviously important to you and you think fast food is unhealthy. But donOtbe toa obsessed. Super-healthy eating can get boring and you should take a break from time to time. Don't feel guilty about eating that chocolate biscuit - it's quite normal, you know! Mostly Bs: You find convenience food useful because you don't always have time or energy to cook a decent meal. You shouldn't worry too much - there's nothing wrong with a sandwich or a frozen pizza when there's nothing else. Maybe you should cook a little more often, especia11yif you have guests. It can be very therapeutic. \
Mostly Cs: You are an official fast food addict. You hate cooking, and eating healthy food is a low priority for you. You love a11things American, especia11yif you can buy them at McDonald's. You should definitely try to eat less chocolate. But don't worry too much, because soon you'l1 find out that fast food can be healthier than manypeople think!
Unit 11
Unit 12
Takeaway English: Clothes shopping (page 105)
Takeaway English: Future plans (page 113)
Student
Student
A
bank
A
Conversation
1: You want to visit some friends in the
Dialogue 1: You are the customer. You want to buy a new suit / dress for work - something smart but not toa expensive.
country, at their cottage by the sea. You are going with Student B. You want to go by train.
Dialogue 2: You are the shop assistant. You are not happy to take back the sweater. It looks dirty.
Conversation 2: You think that there won't be enough snow because the weather has been very warm.
Unit 1
Unit 3
London: Melting pot of cultures
Takeaway English: A job interview (page 29)
(pages
8-9)
Student B
Student B
1 Complete the questions.
You are looking for people who are suitable for these jobs.
D China 1 v\1ho we-re.tl1e.firnt arrivaln? Seamen. They arrived on steamships.
2 How ...
?
By eating in Chinese restaurants and shopping for Chinese vegetables, herbal medicines and gifts.
dIJ!!l
OFF\CE
JUNtOR
SANTA BARBARA INSURANCE Insurance company office worker.
E The Caribbean 1 When ... ? During the 1950s. 2 Where ... ? In Notting Hill in west London.
F Brazil 1 How long ... ? All night. 2 Why ... ? They came to study and look for work.
2
~.~'
urgently
seeks
responsible
• Computer literate • Good telephone manner • Office experience not necessary a bonus) • Smart appearance • Ideal first job
(fast typing
Complete the questions with the correct question words. (v\lhy
.lAlfleft
v\1here
How often
VVhat VVhat kind)
RECEPTIONIST
A lndia 1 wl1e-ndid most people from India arrive in London? 2 does a typical family have a curry?
B Poland 1 2
do many Poles live in London? (place) do many young Foles come here? (reason)
C West Afriea 1 2
offood do many London markets seU? area do a lot of Nigerians live in?
3 Ask your partner the questions on texts A-C in Exercise 1. Do Vou have the same question words? Write down the answers.
for Hotel Caribe New city centre 5***** hotel reguires receptionist to start immediately. • Age 21 + • Computer literate • Knowledge of English essential • Able to work long shifts ar night and at weekends • Impeccable appearance
This position would suit someone wishing to gain experience in the tourist industry. ~--- ~~ .."~- -.·_o_~·_~~ ~_
4 Now answer your partner's questions on texts O-F. Do vou have the same questions? NEW JAPANESE
RESTAURANT
SEEKS
WAlTER / BAR PERSON Requirements: • Open personality
and polite manner
• English an advantage
li
Experience in catering
preferred
Responsibi/íties: • Working
behind the bar
• Serving tables Salary negotiable. We are a rapidly for fast
promotion
expanding for the
chain. right
There
person.
is opportunity
Communication
Unit 5
Unit 7
Takeaway English: Booking a hotel
Are you mean with money?
(page 49)
(page 63)
Student
Key
B
1 You are a businessman and need a roam for a week. You need an internet connection for your laptop computer and full roam service. Find out about the Hotel Belvedere.
••
2
Swap roles. You are the receptionist of the Hotel Douglas. Look at the information about the hotel.
HotteD DõugDas ** Double: 65 euros (Breakfast included) Views of George Square Ensuite bathroom Private terrace Central location Answer your partner's
questions.
Unit 12 Takeaway English: Future plans (page 113) Student
B
Conversation 1: You think there is a train strike. It is possible that there will be a lot of people and very few trains. Conversation 2: You're planning to go skiing this weekend with Student A. You have already booked everything.
bank
I
Mostly As: You're a kind and generous person. Money is not the most important thing in the world and you're happy to share it with others. Be careful not to give toa much money away, however - people could take advantage of your kindness. Mostly Bs: You're an incredibly mean person. Money is obviously the most important thing in your life and the problem is you want it a11for yourself. A word of warning: if you continue like this, you won't have many friends left. So spend a little more next time, OK? I
Mostly Cs: You're quite careful with money. It's good to be responsible and someone that people can trust, but why not be a bit more extravagant at times? Don't think toa much before you spend. If you see something you like, just buy it!
Unit 2
Unit 8
Are you a true friend?
Music legends
(page 19)
(page 71)
Work out your score. 1 a) 10 points 2 a) 15 points 3 a) 5 points 4 a) 15 points 5 a) 5 points 6 a) 5 points
Can vou identifythe music legends and the groups they belonged to? Match them with the photos of their fans on page 71. Work in groups of three. Student A: Read text A. Student B: Read text B. Student C:Read text C.
b) 15 points b) 10 points b) 15 points b) 5 points b) 15 points b) 15 points
c) 5 points c) 5 points c) 10 points c) 10 points c) 10 points c) 10 points
70-90points Vou are a loyal and faithful friend. Vou stand by your friends and help them if they have problems. But don't forget to think of yourself too! 50-70 points Vou are a good friend when times are good, but you can be a bit selfish as well. Remember - a good friend is one af the most important things in life. Don't let them disappear! 30-50 points Vou are a selfish person and only think about yourself. A friend for you is someone who you can use to get what you want. Vou should learn to think of other people or you could become a very lonely person!
A He was bom in Liverpool in 1940 and died almost exactly 40 years later. He left school when he was 16 and went to Liverpool Art College. There, he formed a group called The Quarrymen. Later they changed their name and became perhaps the most popular music band of a11 time, with hits like Want To Hold Your Hand andA Hard Day's Night. In the 1960s, this group dominated the music charts, having the most number one hits in rock and pop history. He was well known for his peace protests. Tragica11y, in 1980, he was shot dead in New York by a crazy fan. Even now, wherever you go in the world, you are still more likely to hear his group's music than any other.
I
B
Unit 9 Vou and your messages (page 80) Key
She was bom in 1950 in New Haven,
Connecticut
and became famous for the songs she recorded with her brother Richard. Although they didn't write their own songs, the duo becarne one of the most popular acts in the 70s, with hits like We've
Only JustBegun and Top o/the World. They developed a cult following that loved their soft, romantic music. They sold more records than anyone in the United States in that decade. She died unexpectedly at the age of 32 from a heart attack, caused by chronic anorexia. Her death opened many people's eyes to this terrible disease. C
YELLOW:You hav~ fun with text messagesand you'vedevelopedan almost perfect relationship with your mobile ..You understand the limitsand the potential of textmessages.Ifyou lostyour mobile tomorrow, you'd beupset but youwouldn't die!
He was bom in 1967 in Washington State. He became famous for introducing a new type of music called 'grunge' - a form of hippy punk which became a cultural phenomenon in the early 1990s. His band's songs - for example, Smells Like Teen Spirit and Come As You Are - were often dark and depressing and spoke about his difficult life. More than ten rni11ion copies of the group's first LP were sold worldwide. He developed a drug habit and was hospitalised for heroin abuse. In 1994, he committed suicide in Seattle, leaving his \Vife Courtney Love, also a well-known singer, and a young daughter. His untimely death has made him a popular music legend.
122
Communication
Unit 11
Unit 4
Are you a fashion victim? (page 103)
Speaking (page 39)
bank
I
Key
1
J
I Ii I I ,I
I I I
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
a) a) a) a) a) a) a) a)
'10 points 10 points 15 points 15 points 5 points 15 points 5 points 5 points
b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b)
5 points 15 points '10 points 10 points 15 points 5 points 10 paints 10 points
c) c) c) c) c) c) c) c)
15 points 5 points 5 points 5 points 10 points 10 points 15 points 15 points
90-120 points You are a total fashion victim. You get bored of looking at the same face in the morning. You love trying out new looks and spend a lat of money on good quality c1othes. Be careful not to change your look toa aften - people might not even recognise you the next time they see you!
65-90 points You don't mind dressing up for a special occasion but you don't care toa much about what you wear. You sometimes like surprising people with a ne,,\! outfit or unusual earrings, but in general you ljke casual c10thes and don't take toa many risks. 40-65 points Clothes have no real importance for you. You have no interest in shopping and consider designer c10thes a waste of maney. You are happy with the way yau loak - withaut tattoas, piercings and strange hairstyles - and prefer peaple to accept you like that.
Unit 11 Takeaway English: Clothes shopping (page 105) Student B Dialogue 1: You are the shop assistant. Everything really smart is quite expensive. Encourage the customer to spend more. Dialogue 2: You are the customer. You want to return an unwanted gift - a sweater that your grandmother bought you.
123
Ul'lit 7 Advertising
_
(page 68)
I. li
LANCÔME PARIS
ColvinKleJn
P· _ lch 1 Sl1h L JJ a' "L, _',
Flas11bacl< 3 ~rt~il]g_~ ?p~~ki'"!R
r'o}<
r'\
,_.
_
º~you
love j~_worlfL of gossiQ.?
(pilge 88)
(page 89)
Write down the following telephone dialogues.
Key
1 You've just bought a new palmtop but there's a problem with it. You telephone Computer Zone and ask to speak to Pete Rogers, the sales assistant. He's busy. You cal! again later and tell him about the problem. 2 You want to borrow your friend Rosa's laptop at the 'Vveekend,You phone her but she isn't there, You leave a message with her flatmate. You call again later and ask Rosa if she can help you.
Mostly As: Yes,you love gossip. You probably know the names OIroyal families around the world, and the intimate details of famous people's lives. lVlostly Bs: '{ou don't real!y like gossip. You prefer more serious newspapers and TV programmes to magazines anel popular TV, Mostiy Cs: You don't follow the lives OIfamous pêople but you know more than you pretend, Admit it you're a bit curious!
124 ____ . ~·_c__~·
_
I U
Communication
bank
11
Unit 7
UIlit
Writing: adverts (page 69)
Test your personality (page 101 )
Vou are an imaginative and adventurous person, Vou are extremely sociable and seem to need the company others. Vou have problems like everybody else but you usually try to forget about them. Putting yellow in the last position shows that you are feeling a little shy.
PINK
Vouare a romantic person who is also a littleidealistic, so you sometimes decide to trust the wrong people. Vouare advellturous and plan to do great things in the future. In the last place, pink indicates that you worry a lot about life.
Irregular verbs be
come worn w carne sawseen shake ranrun swun1 swore sworn wore risen said went swear strike been toretorn set set met wet met Iwetted et cost cost written swet ent eaten shoot sat write shook shaken wept hurt swelled swung hurt ate shot sit struck struck rode became rstuck ung built see made lost swept woke woken lost had made chosechosen read sent stood tolen bitten Iredl set run held hit heard took tslept swo11enI aken held teach swe11 swe11ed let threw thrown let Istunk wetted said sold hot seU stunk grown given stink tear fell dreamt/dreamed showed shown hut done show Isme11ed showed knew toldtold te11 wrote idden paid won w in built had wake "spend brokebroken bit rose stole stood read rise send read Iri:dl hid swam hidden heard hit tshut swim ake left understood upset understood leftunderstand sold grew stuck stank stick flew drankdrunk did shut flown fallen dreamt/dreamed led ledthink felt smelt smelt Ispilled sme11ed Ispilled foundfound become steal stand thrO\'I/ forbade forbidden I (US) learnt Ilearned sat feltsme11 ride upset swept spent put wept was, were gone put taught upset got got IIredl gotten beganbegun weep brought say taught spread bought slept spent paid rang ring lit llighted lit Ilighted forgave brought caught swing spread bought spread kept kept gave spilt sang spilt Ion spill I\Tear thought spoke spoken speak sweep forgotforgotten caught forgiven swung sing sleep thought fought fknown ought learnt Ilearned
Phonetic chart li:1 Icei IDI li!
Ista:tI InDtI he foot red shoe IkApl Ihi:1 Ifutl re d/ sit Isrti/ not bird start IIfa:ô81 Ihcetl /b3:d/ srtl hat father Isp;:>:tl Ifu:1 cup city sport
Ipl
Izu:1 IIhausl Ivenl mi:1 Isi:1 rAn/ Itenl Ipenl run me near zoo she Idcedl /bcedl Ifa:stl ten bad fast thrêe father John lot dad cold cheese see Ibuldl 1Im81 leri:1 Ifa:Ô81 1Dt/ vision house InIJI very· Itfr:zl Ifr:1 pen ring 193:1/ Id3Dn/ Ivr38nl girl
/bl Ik/ Ivl lei Isl Inl IzI Irl /fi Idl 11/ ItI lôl 1m! Ihl Id31 Ifl IIJI Itfl 131 191
.,-"..•. -
~v
·.Vg'Wel,,:DiphthOl1gs
.
lerl
In8ul ItU81 where Iwe81 make no beer tour Imerk/ /b:lIl /br81 Ihaul how Iwarl why boy
Ijl
yes when
I
Iwl
Ijesl Iwen/
127
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