SULIT
4531/2
JABATAN PENDIDIKAN KELANTAN Nama : …………………………………………………. 4531/2 FIZIK Kertas 2 2 ½ jam
Tingkatan : …………………………………………….
FIZIK – SET 2 KERTAS 2 Masa : 2 Jam 30 minit JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa 1.
Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
2.
Soalan dalam bahasa inggeris mendahului soalan sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu
3.
4
Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.
Bahagian
A
Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini
B
C
Soalan
Markah Penuh
1
4
2
5
3
6
4
7
5
8
6
8
7
10
8
12
9
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
Markah Diperolehi
Jumlah
Kertas Ujian ini mengandungi 37 muka surat bercetak
4531/2
2
……..…./LIHAT SEBELAH
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning. Maklumat berikut mungkin berfaedah. Simbol-simbol mempunyai makna yang biasa. 1.
a=
v–u t
16.
Power, P = time
2.
v2 = u2 + 2 as
17.
V = IR
3.
s = ut
18.
Power, P = IV Kuasa
4.
Momentum = mv
19.
Ns = Vs Np Vp
5.
F = ma
20.
Efficiency = (kecekapan)
Is Vs x 100 % Ip Vp
6.
Kinetic energy Tenaga kinetik
1 =
1 v
+ 1 at2 2
= 1 mv2 2
21. f
7.
Gravitational potential energy = mgh Tenaga keupayaan graviti
8.
Elastic potential energy = Tenaga keupayaan kenyal
9.
=
10.
11.
22.
1 Fx
n = sin i sin r
23.
2
m V
λ = ax D
Pressure, P = hg. Tekanan
25.
Q= It
Pressure, P = F Tekanan A
26.
E = I (R + r)
Heat, Q = mc Haba
13.
PV = Constant (pemalar)
14.
E = m c2
15.
v=f
4531/2
n = Real depth Apparent depth
24.
27. 12.
1 + u
28.
3
energy
eV = ½ mv2 g = 10 ms-2
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
SECTION A BAHAGIAN A
[60 marks] [60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section. Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1.
Diagram 1.1 shows a micrometer screw gauge. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sebuah tolok skru mikrometer.
Diagram 1.1 Rajah 1.1 (a)
Name the part labeled X. Namakan bahagian berlabel X. ……………………………………………………………………………….......... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
State the function of X. Nyatakan fungsi X. …………………………………………………………………………….............. [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
4
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(c)
Diagram 1.2 shows the reading of the micrometer screw gauge when the jaws is closed. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan pada tolok skru mikrometer bila rahang ditutup. 0
2
35 5 30 25
Diagram 1.2 Rajah 1.2 Based on Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 : Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1 dan 1.2 :
(i)
Name the type of error occur. Namakan jenis ralat yang terjadi. ........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
State the value of actual reading of the micrometer screw gauge. Nyatakan nilai bacaan sebenar pada tolok skru micrometer. ........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
5
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
2.
Diagram 2.1 shows a plumber is detecting the leaking of water pipe under the ground. A little radioisotope Sodium-24 is dissolved in the water that flows in metal pipe. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan pekerja paip sedang mengesan kebocoran paip air di bawah tanah. Sedikit radioisotop Natrium-24 dilarutkan ke dalam air yang mengalir dalam paip logam.
Radioactive emission Pancaran radioaktif Ground Tanah Metal pipe Paip logam Radioactive emission Pancaran radioaktif
Water air
Leakage pipe Paip bocor
Diagram 2.1 Rajah 2.1 (a)
What is the meaning of radioisotope ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan radioisotop ? ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
Sodium-24 emits the radiation that can penetrates the ground but cannot penetrates the metal pipe . Natrium-24 memancarkan pancaran yang boleh menembusi tanah tetapi tidak boleh menembusi paip logam.
4531/2
6
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(i)
Name the radiation emitted by the sodium-24. Namakan pancaran yang dikeluarkan oleh natrium-24
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
Suggest a detector that can be used to detect the radioactive emission in b(i). Cadangkan alat pengesan yang boleh mengesan pancaran radioaktif dalam b(i). ............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah]
(iii)
State how a radioactive emission detector can show the correct area where the pipe leaks. Nyatakan bagaimana pengesan pancaran radioaktif itu boleh menunjukkan tempat yang betul berlaku kebocoran.
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah] (c)
State one other characteristic of Sodium-24 which is suitable to be used as a tracer in water. Nyatakan satu ciri lain bagi Natrium-24 yang menyebabkan ia sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai bahan surihan dalam air.
.................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah] 4531/2
7
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
3.
4531/2
Diagram 3.1 shows p-type and n-type semiconductor combined together. Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan semikonduktor jenis-p dan semikonduktor jenis-n di camtumkan bersama.
Diagram 3.1 Rajah 3.1
(a)
Name the electronic device in Diagram 3.1. Namakan peranti elektronik dalam Rajah 3.1 ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
(i)
Using the device in Diagram 3.1, a dry cell and a bulb, draw an electric circuit to show that the bulb will lights up. Menggunakan peranti dalam Rajah 3.1, satu sel kering dan sebiji mentol, lukiskan satu litar elektrik untuk menunjukkan mentol itu akan menyala.
[2 mark] [ 2 markah]
4531/2
8
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(ii)
Name the arrangement of the device in the circuit as in (b) (i) Namakan susunan peranti itu dalam litar yang ditunjukkan dalam (b) (i). ............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah]
(c)
(i)
What will happen to the bulb when the dry cell replaced by an a.c source? Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada mentol bila sel kering digantikan dengan sumber a.u? ................................................................................................. [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
Give one reason for your answer in (c) (i) Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di (c) (i). ................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah]
4.
Diagram 4 shows a stroboscopic photo of a boy of mass 50 kg cycling from t = 0 s to 20 s. The velocity of the boy can be determined from Diagram 4. Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu gambarfoto stroboskop bagi seorang budak lelaki berjisim 50 kg berbasikal dari t = 0 s sehingga t = 20 s. Halaju budak itu dapat ditentukan dari Rajah 4.
.
A
B
t=0s
t = 10 s
Diagram 4 Rajah 4 4531/2
9
C t = 20 s
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(a)
What is the meaning of velocity? Apakah maksud halaju? ………….……………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
What is type of motion of the boy in Diagram 4 from : Apakah jenis pergerakan budak itu pada Rajah 4 dari: (i)
A to B A ke B ............................................................................................................
(ii)
B to C B ke C ............................................................................................................ [2 mark] [2 markah]
(c)
Distance from A to B is 100 meter and the bicycle took 10 seconds to reach B. The mass of the boy and bicycle is 55 kg. Jarak diantara A ke B adalah 100 meter dan basikal itu mengambil 10 saat untuk sampai ke B. Jisim budak dan basikal itu ialah 55 kg.
(i) Calculate the velocity of the boy cycling from A to B. Hitungkan halaju budak yang berbasikal itu dari A ke B.
[ 2 mark] [ 2 markah] 4531/2
10
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(ii) Draw the velocity - time graph of the boy cycling from t = 0 s to 20 s. Lukiskan graf bagi halaju - masa budak yang berbasikal dari t = 0 s sehingga t = 20 s.
[2 mark] [ 2 markah]
5. Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two similar cargo ships sailing on the ocean. Cargo ship A is without load and cargo ship B with load. The total weight of both cargo ships is different. Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua buah kapal kargo yang serupa berlayar di lautan. Kapal kargo A adalah tanpa beban dan kapal kargo B berisi beban. Jumlah berat kedua-dua kapal kargo adalah berbeza. Cargo Ship A
Cargo Ship B
Kapal kargo A
Kapal Kargo B
4531/2
Diagram 5.1
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.1
Rajah 5.2
11
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(a)
What is the meaning of weight? Apakah maksud berat? …………………………………………………………………………………....... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2, (i)
Compare the total weight between Cargo ship A and Cargo ship B Bandingkan jumlah berat antara kapal kargo A dan kapal kargo B. ……………………………………………………………………….......... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
Compare the volume of water displaced. Bandingkan isipadu air yang tersesar. …………………………………………………………………………....... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(c)
(i)
Name other physical quantity beside weight that is acting on the cargo ship. Namakan kuantiti lain selain dari berat yang bertindak ke atas kapal cargo itu. ……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
12
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(ii)
Relate the volume of water displaced to the physical quantity stated in 5(c)(i). Hubungkaitkan isipadu air yang tersesar dengan kuantiti fizik yang dinyatakan dalam 5(c)(i). ……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(d)
Nama the physics principle involved. Namakan prinsip fizik yang terlibat. ……………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(e)
What happen to the cargo ship B, if the cargo ship B is at riverbay? Give one reason your answer. Apakah yang berlaku kepada kapal kargo B jika kapal kargo B berada di muara sungai? Beri satu sebab untuk jawapan anda. ……………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………….............. [2 mark] [2 markah]
6.
Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 shows two identical resistor connected in series and in parallel. The ammeter reading shows the magnitude of current flowing in both circuit. Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan dua perintang serupa disambungkan secara siri dan selari. Bacaan ammeter menunjukkan magnitud arus yang mengalir dalam kedua-dua litar itu.
4531/2
13
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(a)
Diagram 6.1
Diagram 6.2
Rajah 6.1
Rajah 6.2
What is the meaning of current ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan arus?
....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah] (b)
Compare the magnitude of current in both circuit Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 Bandingkan magnitud arus dalam kedua-dua litar dalam Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2.
....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
14
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(c)
Calculate the effective resistance ; Hitungkan rintangan berkesan ; (i)
in Diagram 6.1 dalam Rajah 6.1
[1 mark] [1 markah] (ii)
in Diagram 6.2 dalam Rajah 6.2
[1 mark] [1 markah] (d)
Based to the answer in (b) and (c) ; Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (b) dan di (c); (i)
relate the size of current to the effective resistance. hubungkaitkan jumlah arus dengan rintangan berkesan
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah] (ii)
deduce a physic concept involves. deduksikan satu konsep fizik yang terlibat.
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah] 4531/2
15
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(e)
Another identical resistor is added to the circuit in Diagram 6.2. The circuit is as shown in Diagram 6.3. Satu perintang lain yang serupa di sambungkan pada litar dalam Rajah 6.2. Susunan litar adalah seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 6.3. E= 3.0 V
4Ω 4Ω 4Ω
Diagram 6.3 Rajah 6.3 If the electromotive force of battery is 3.0 V and the internal resistance of battery is 0.7 Ω, (i)
calculate the effective resistance in the circuit
(ii)
determine the ammeter reading
Jika daya gerak elektrik bagi bateri ialah 3.0 V dan rintangan dalam bateri ialah 0.7Ω. (i)
hitungkan rintangan berkesan dalam litar
(ii)
tentukan bacaan ammeter
[2 mark] [ 2 markah]
4531/2
16
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
7.
4531/2
Diagram 7.1 shows the arrangement of lenses of an astronomical telescope. Rajah7.1 menunjukkan susunan kanta bagi sebuah teleskop astonomi.
Objektif lens Kanta objektif Light from far object Cahaya dari objeh jauh
Eyepiece Kanta mata First image Image pertama
Diagram 7.1 Rajah 7.1
The objective lens with focal length of 60 cm and an eyepiece of 20 cm is situated at normal adjustment. Light from very far object passing through the objective length produces a real image. Kanta objektif berjarak fokus 60 cm dan kanta mata berjarak fokus 20 cm berada pada pelarasan normal. Cahaya dari objek yang jauh melalui kanta objektif menghasilkan imej nyata.
(a)
What is the meaning of real image ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan imej nyata?
....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
17
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(b)
What is the distance between two lenses at normal adjustment ? Berapakah jarak antara dua kanta itu pada pelarasan normal ? .................................................................................................................. [1 mark] [1 markah]
(c)
(i)
On Diagram 7.1, complete the ray diagram to show the final image fomed by the eyepiece. Pada Rajah 7.1, lengkapkan rajah sinar untuk menunjukkan imej akhir yang terbentuk oleh kanta mata. [2 marks] [ 2 markah]
(ii)
State one characteristic of final image formed by eyepiece . Nyatakan satu sifat imej akhir yang terbentuk oleh kanta mata.
........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah] (d)
Calculate the magnification of telescope. Hitungkan pembesaran oleh teleskop itu.
[1 mark] [1 markah] (e)
State the modification that can be done to produce a larger and brighter final image and give a reason for your suggestion . Nyatakan pengubahsuaian yang boleh dilakukan untuk menghasilkan imej akhir yang lebih besar dan terang dan berikan alasan bagi cadangan anda.
(i) 4531/2
For larger final image 18
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
Untuk imej akhir yang lebih besar
Modification : pengubahsuaian
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah] reason : alasan
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah] (ii)
For more brighter final image. Untuk imej akhir yang lebih cerah
Modification ; pengubahsuaian
............................................................................................................ [[1 mark] [1 markah] Reason : Alasan
............................................................................................................ [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
19
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
8.
4531/2
Diagram 8.1 shows a when tuning fork is hit it will produce sound waves. Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan apabila sebuah tala bunyi diketuk ia akan menghasilkan gelombang bunyi.
Diagram 8.1 Rajah 8.1
(a)
State the type of wave produced by the tuning fork. Nyatakan jenis gelombang yang dihasilkan oleh tala bunyi.
...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
Diagram 8.2 shows when another tuning fork is brought near to the vibrating tuning fork, the second tuning fork it will also vibrate. Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan apabila satu lagi tala bunyi di bawa mendekati tala bunyi yang bergetar itu tala bunyi yang kedua ini akan juga bergetar.
4531/2
20
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
. Diagram 8.2 Rajah 8.2 (i) .
Name the incident happen. Namakan kejadian yang berlaku.
........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
State on condition for the above incident to happen. Nyatakan satu syarat untuk berlakunya kejadian diatas.
.......................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
(c)
Diagram 8.3 shows a sound wave form produced by a tuning fork displayed on the screen of cathode ray oscilloscope. Rajah 8.3 menunjukkan suatu bentuk gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan oleh suatu tala bunyi ditunjukkan pada skrin tiub sinar katod.
4531/2
21
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
Diagram 8.3 Rajah 8.3
On Diagram 8.4, draw the sound wave form produced when the loudness is increased. Pada Rajah 8.4, lukiskan bentuk gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan bila kekuatan ditambah.
Diagram 1.4 Rajah 1.4 [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
22
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(c)
Diagram 8.5 shows an electromagnetic wave spectrum. Rajah 8.5 menunjukkan satu spektrum gelombang elektromagnet.
Radio
Microwave
wave
Visible P
light
Gelombang Gelombang
Cahaya
radio
nampak
mikro
X-ray
Gamma
Q
ray
Sinar-x
Sinar Gama
Diagram 8.5 Rajah 8.5
(i)
Name the wave for; Namakan gelombang bagi; P : …………………………………………………………………… Q : …………………………………………………………………… [2 marks] [ 2markah]
( ii)
Choose one wave that harmful to human body. satu gelombang yang merbahaya kepada badan manusia.
........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
23
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(iii)
Give one reason for the answer in 1 (c) (ii). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 1 (c )(ii).
........................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah] (iv)
Choose one wave that used in telecommunications. Pilih satu gelombang yang sesuai digunakan dalam telekomunikasi. ……………………………………………………………………............ [1 mark] [1 markah]
(v)
Give one reason for the answer in 1 (c) (iv). satu sebab bagi jawapan di 1 (c) (iv). ……………………………………………………………………….......... [1 mark] [1 markah]
( vi)
Choose the suitable wave that can be used in cancer treatment. Pilih gelombang yang sesuai digunakan untuk rawatan penyakit kanser.
....................................................................................................... [1 mark] [1 markah] (vii)
Give one reason for the answer in 1 (c) (vi). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 1(c) (vi). ……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
24
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
SECTION B BAHAGIAN B [20 Marks] [20 Markah]
Answer any one question Jawab mana-mana satu soalan 9.
Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show an identical fan blows air between two pieces of paper. The fan is adjusted at different speed. Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan dua kipas serupa meniup udara di antara dua keping kertas. Kedua-dua kipas itu dilaraskan pada kelajuan berbeza. Speed controller Pelaras laju
X
Paper kertas
Diagram 9.1 Rajah 9.1 Paper kertas
Speed controller Pelaras laju X
Diagram 9.2 Rajah 9.2
4531/2
25
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(a)
What is the meaning of pressure? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tekanan ? [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b)
Observed the Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2. Perhatikan Rajah 9.1 dan 9.2.
(i)
compare the speed of air flow between two sheet of paper bandingkan halaju udara bergerak antara dua helai kertas.
(ii)
compare the distance between two sheets of paper, x bandingkan jarak antara dua keeping kertas, x.
(iii)
Relate the speed of air to the distance between two paper, x. Hubungkaitkan halaju udara dengan jarak antara dua helai kertas,x
(iv)
Name the principle involves Namakan prinsip yang telibat.
(v)
What is the statement about the principle in your answer at a(iv)? Apakah pernyataan mengenai prinsip dalam jawapan anda di a (iv)? [ 5 marks] [ 5 markah]
4531/2
26
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(b)
Diagram 9.3 shows a cross sectional shape of an aeroplane . Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan keratan rentas bentuk sayap sebuah kapal terbang.
Cross sectional Keratan rentas
Diagram 9.3 Rajah 9.3 (i)
Name the shape of the wing Namakan bentuk sayap itu. [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
Explain how the shape of wing enable to lift up the aeroplane when its moving. Terangkan bagaimana bentuk sayap membolehkan kapalterbang terangkat apabila ia bergerak. [ 3 marks] [ 3 markah]
(c)
Diagram 9.4 shows a gardener use a sprayer to kill the insects that damages his vegetable. When he pushes the piston of sprayer , the pesticide sprayed on the insects. Rajah 9.4 menunjukkan seorang pekebun menggunakan penyembur untuk membunuh serangga perosak yang merosakkan tanaman sayuran. Apabila dia menolak omboh penyembur ,maka racun serangga itu akan disemburkan keatas serangga.
4531/2
27
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
Piston omboh
Pump pam
Pump nozzle Muncung pam Bottle nozzle Muncung botol
Poison racun
Diagram 9.4 Rajah 9.4 You are asked to make a modification on the sprayer therefore it enable to spray wide range and save the pesticide. In your suggestion emphasis about this aspects ; Anda dikehendaki membuat pengubahsuaian keatas penyembur supaya julat semburan lebih luas dan tidak membazir penggunaan racun serangga. Cadangan anda hendaklan memberikan penekanan kepada aspek berikut; (i)
Size of pum Saiz pam
(ii)
Size of pump nozzle Saiz muncung pam
(iii)
Ssize of bottle nozzle Saiz muncung botol
(iv)
size of bottle Saiz botol
(v)
material made of pump bahan binaan pam
4531/2
28
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
10.
4531/2
Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the decay graphs of two different radioactive sources. Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan graf reputan bagi dua sumber
Keradioaktifan / bilangan per saat saat
Activity / counts per second
radioaktif yang berlainan.
80
Source A Sumber A
60
40
20
0
10 20 Time / year
30
Diagram 10.1
Masa pereputan / Tahun
Rajah 10.1 Source B Sumber B
Keradioaktifan / bilangan per saat saat
Activity / counts per second
80
60
40
20
0
1 2 Time / year
3
Masa pereputan / Tahun 4531/2
29
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
Diagram 10.2 Rajah 10.2
(a).
What is the meaning of decay ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan reputan? [1 mark] [1 markah]
(b).
Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the initial activity of the sources, the time interval for the activity to be halved and the rate of decay of the radioactives. Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan aktiviti awal sumber-sumber itu, sela masa untuk aktiviti menjadi separuh dan kadar penyusutan radioaktif-radioaktif itu.
State the relationship between: Nyatakan hubungan antara:
the rate of decay of the radioactives and the time of interval for the radioactive to be halved. Kadar penyusutan radioaktif dan sela masa untuk radioaktif menjadi separuh.
half life and the rate of decay of the radioactives. Separuh hayat dan kadar penyusutan radioaktif [ 5 marks] [ 5 markah]
(c)
Explain how radioisotope Strontium-90 is used to measure the thickness piece of paper in a factory. Terangkan bagaimana radioisotope Strontium-90 digunakan untuk mengukur ketebalan sehelai kertas di dalm sebuah kilang. [4 marks] [4 markah]
4531/2
30
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(d)
Diagram 10.3 shows a simple nuclear reactor. Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan sebuah reaktor nuklear ringkas.
Diagram 10 Rajah 10 You are required to give some suggestion to design the reactor nuclear which is more efficient based on the following aspect: Anda dikehendaki memberi beberapa cadangan untuk mereka bentuk sebuah reactor nuclear yang lebih cekap berdasarkan beberapa aspek: (i)
the fuel rod used rod bahanapi
(ii)
Control rod Rod pengawal
(iii)
Moderator moderator
(iv)
Thickness of wall Ketebalan dinding
(v)
Coolant penyejuk [10 marks] [10 markah]
4531/2
31
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2 SECTION C BAHAGIAN C
[20 marks] [20 markah] Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. 11. Diagram 11 shows a doctor used a thermometer to measure the body temperature of a girl. Rajah 11 menunjukkan seorang doktor menggunakan sebuh termometer untuk mengukur suhu badan seorang budak perempuan.
Diagram 11 Rajah 11 (a)
.
What is the meaning of temperature? Apakah maksud suhu? [2 marks] [2 markah]
(b)
Explain in terms of thermal equilibrium, how the termometer reads the body temperature of the girl. Terangkan dalam konteks keseimbangan terma, bagaimana termometer tersebut memberi bacaan suhu badan budak perempuan itu. [4 marks] [4 markah]
4531/2
32
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(c)
Table 11 shows the characteristics of five termometers, A, B, C and D. Jadual 11 menunjukkan ciri-ciri empat termometer, A, B, C dan D.
Thermometer Liquid used
Glass
Diameter of
Termometer
Cecair yang
walled buld capillary
cross section
digunakan
Dinding
Lubang batang kaca
tube
bebuli kaca Diameter
Glass-bore stem and
dan keratan rentas
tiub kapilari A
B
C
D
Mercury
Thin
Big
Thick and Curved
Merkuri
Nipis
Besar
Tebal dan Melengkung
Alcohol
Thick
Small
Thin and plane
Alkohol
Tebal
Kecil
Nipis dan Satah
Mercury
Thin
Small
Thick and Curved
Merkuri
Nipis
Kecil
Tebal dan Melengkung
Alcohol
Thick
Big
Thin and plane
Alkohol
Tebal
Besar
Nipis dan Satah
A research project is carried out on the weather of a region with the surrounding temperature is between -35 C to 45 C. Thermometer is an equipment to be taken for the research project.
Satu projek penyelidikan hendak dijalankan di suatu kawasan dengan suhu persekitaran antara -35 C to 45 C. Termometer adalah antara peralatan yang perlu dibawa dalam projek penyelidikan ini.
As a researcher, you are required to determine the most suitable thermometer to be taken with as one item of the equipment. Study the characteristics of all the four thermometer based on the following aspects : Sebagai seorang penyelidik, anda diminta untuk menentukan termometer yang paling sesuai sebagai satu item peralatan yang perlu untuk dibawa bersama. Kaji ciri – ciri termometer itu berdasarkan aspek berikut :4531/2
33
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
- The liquid used Jenis cecair yang digunakan - Glass wall bulb Dinding bebuli kaca - Diameter of capillary tube Diameter tiub kapilari - Glass bore stem and cross section Lubang batang kaca dan keratan rentas Explain the suitability of the aspects.Justify your choice. Terangkan kesesuaian aspek – aspek itu dan beri sebab bagi pilihan anda
(d)
A thermometer which is not calibrated has a mercury column of length 5.0 cm. When the temperature is 0 C and 25.0 cm when the temperature is 100 C. The mercury column is 12.0 cm when put in liquid X. Sebuah termometer yang belum ditentukurkan mempunyai panjang turus 5.0 cm apabila suhu adalah 0 C dan 25.0 cm apabila suhu adalah 100 C. Turus merkuri adalah 12.0 cm apabila diletakkan ke dalam cecair X. (i)
Determine the temperature of liquid X. Tentukan suhu cecair X itu. [3 marks] [ 3 markah]
(ii)
Determine the temperature of liquid X in Kelvin Tentukan suhu cecair X itu dalam Kelvin. [1 mark] [1 markah]
(iii)
State a thermometric property used when making of a thermometer. Nyatakan satu sifat termometri yang digunakan dalam membuat sebuah termometer. [1 mark] [1 markah]
4531/2
34
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
12.
4531/2
Diagram 12.1 shows a transformer. Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan sebuah transformer.
Diagram 12.1 Rajah 12.1
(a)
(i)
What is meant by a transformer? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan transformer. [1 mark] [1 markah]
(ii)
Explain the working principle of the transformer. Terangkan prinsip kerja sebuah transformer. [4 mark] [4 markah]
(b)
(i)
The number of turns on the primary coil in diagram 12.1 is 1500. Calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil.
Bilangan lilitan pada gegelung primer pada Rajah 12.1 ialah 1500. Hitung bilangan lilitan pada gegelung sekunder.
4531/2
35
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
(ii)
The transformer in Diagram 12.1 is used to switch on an electrical appliance. The current in the primary coil is 0.1 A and the efficiency is 85%.
Transformer dalam Rajah 12.1 digunakan untuk menghidupkan sebuah alat elektrik. Arus yang mengalir dalam gegelung primer ialah 0.1 A dan kecekapannya ialah 85%.
Calculate the output power of the transformer. Hitung kuasa output transformer itu. [5 mark2] [5 markah]
(c)
Diagram 12.2 shows a block diagram of the National grid Network system. Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan gambarajah blok sistem Rangkaian Grid Nasional.
Power stesen Stesen Janakuasa
Consumer Pengguna
Transformer P Transformer P
Transformer Q Transformer Q Electric Cable Kabel elektrik Diagram 12.2 Rajah 12.2
4531/2
36
[Lihat sebelah]
SULIT
4531/2
Using your knowledge about electrical and Diagram 12.3
above, you are
asked to determine the suitable characteristics used in the system J,K,L and M a for a National Grid Network system in Diagram 12.3 below. Menggunakan pengetahuan anda mengenai elektrik dan Rajah 12.3 di atas, anda dikehendaki mengenalpasti ciri-ciri yang digunakan dalam sistem J,K,L dan M untuk Rangkaian Grid Nasional dalam Rajah 12.3 bawah. Type of
Diameter of
Transmission
Transformer
conductor
Voltage
Jenis Trans former
cable Diameter
Voltan penghantaran
konduktor
Cable position
Kedudukan kabel
kabel J
P is step up
Bigger
Low
On the pylon
Q step down
Besar
Rendah
Di atas pilon
P is step up
Small
High
On the
Q step down
Kecil
Tinggi
concrete
P injak naik Q injak turun K
P injak naik
Di atas konkrit
Q injak turun L
P is step up
Bigger
High
On the pylon
Q step down
Besar
Tinggi
Di atas pilon
Q is step up
Small
Low
On the
P step down
Kecil
Rendah
concrete
P injak naik Q injak turun M
Q injak naik
Di atas konkrit
P injak turun Diagram 12.3 Rajah 12.3 4531/2
37
[Lihat sebelah]
di
SULIT
4531/2
Study the specification of the five system and explain the suitability of each system based on the following aspects: Kaji spesifikasi kelima-lima sistem itu dan terangkan kesesuaian setiap aspek berdasarkan aspek berikut: (i)
Type of transformer P and Q Jenis transformer P dan Q
(ii)
Diameter of cable used Diameter kabel yang digunakan
(iii)
Transmission Voltage Voltan penghantaran
(iv)
Position of cable Kedudukan kabel
Explain the suitability of each aspects and determine the most suitable system. Give reason for your answer. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap aspek dan tentukan sistem yang paling sesuai. Beri sebab bagi jawapan anda. [10 marks] [10 markah] END OF QUESTION KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
4531/2
38
[Lihat sebelah]
MODUL GCAKNA 2014 KERTAS 2 SET 2 SKEMA Question 1
Mark Scheme
(a)
Ratchet
1
(b)
To prevent too much pressure being exerted on the object.
1
(c) (i) Positive Zero Error (ii)
(a)
1
2.80 – 0.02 = 2.78 mm
1
Total
4
Question Mark Scheme 2
Marks
Unstable isotope
(b) (i) β- particle (ii)
Geiger- Muller tube
(iii)
Area where Geiger-Muller show the maximum reading
Marks 1
1 1
1 (c)
Have a short half life// change to a nucleus stable in short time
1
Total
5
3 (a) (i)
Diode
1
(b) (i)
2
(ii)
Forward bias
1
(c) (i)
Lights up
1
(ii) The arrangements is still in forward bias when terminal positive connected to P Total Mark Scheme Question 4 (a) Displacement per time // rate of change of displacement
1 6 Marks
1 (b) (i) Constant velocity // zero acceleration 1 (ii)
Increasing velocity // constant acceleration
(iii)
V = 100 10 = 10 ms-1
1 2
(c)
2
Total
7
Question
Mark Scheme Force of gravity acting on the object // Mass x acceleration due to gravity // mg (explain symbol)
5 (a)
The weight of Cargo ship B bigger than Cargo ship B / vice
(b) (i)
Marks 1 1
versa The volume of water displaced in Diagram 5.2 higher than (ii)
1
Diagram 5.2 / vice versa
(c) (i) (ii) (d)
Buoyant force
1
The increases the volume of water displaced, the increases the Buoyant force
1
Archimedes ‘ Principle
1
- Sinks
(e)
2
- Sea denser than river
Question 6
Total
8
Mark Scheme
Marks
(a)
Rate of charge flow through a conductor
1
(b)
Size of current flow in circuit in Diagram 6.1 is smaller than in Diagram 6.2.
1
(c) (i)
R=8Ω
1
(ii)
R= 2 Ω
1
When the effective resistance increase the current is decreases
1
Size of current inversely proportional to the resistance when the voltage is constant
1
R = 4/3 = 1.33
1
I = 1.48 A
1
(d) (i)
(ii) (e) (i) (ii)
Total
8
Question 7 (a) (b)
Mark Scheme
Marks
Image that can be formed on screen
1
Normal adjustment is = 80 cm // 60 +20
1
(c) (i) 2
1.Parallel line with arrow 2.Parallel dot line
(ii)
Virtual image// magnified// inverted
1
(d)
M=3
1
(e) (i)
Increase focal length of objective lens and reduce the focal length of eyepiece.
1 1
Magnification is the ratio of fo / fe 1 (ii) Use objective lens with large diameter 1 More light enters Total
10
Question 8. (a) (i) (b) (i) (ii)
Mark Scheme
Marks
Longitudinal wave / mechanical wave
1
Resonance
1
Same frequency // energy transferred
1
(c)
(Amplitude of the wave drawn is bigger)
(ii)
P – Infrared Q - Ultraviolet Gamma ray / ultraviolet / x-Ray
1 1 1 1
(iii)
Can kills the life cell / skin burn or skin cancer /
1
(iv)
Radio wave / microwave
1
(v)
1
(vi)
High frequency / high energy / high penetrating power / less diffracted Gamma Ray
(vii)
high energy / high penetrating power
1
(c) (i)
Total
1
12
Question 9
(a)
Mark scheme
Marks
Pressure is the force acting normally per surface area of an object.// Force over surface area where direction of force is perpendicular to the surface area of an object.
1
(b) (i)
The speed of air flow between two sheets of paper in Diagram 9.1 is lower than in Diagram 9.2
1
(ii)
The distance between two sheets of paper, x in Diagram 9.1 is longer than in Diagram 9.2
1
(iii)
When the speed of air between two sheets of paper increase, the distance between two sheets of paper,x is decreases.
1
(iv)
Bernoulli’s Principle
1
(v)
When the speed of air flow high , the pressure of air is low
1
Aerofoil
1
When the aeroplane moves the speed of air flows obove the wing is higher than below the wing
1
The air pressure above the wing is low while the pressure Below the wing is higher.
1
Difference in pressure between above and below the wing causes the aeroplane moving up as the lifting force produce.
1
(c) (i) (ii)
(d)
suggestion Large length/ size of pump
Discription Much more volume of air blows out
2
So that air blows out when its pumped is high velocity, and the air pressure is low
2
Rate of quantity of liquid out is small
2
Big size of bottle
It can filled with large quantity poison .
2
Pump is made by strong material and light
It can withstand the high pressure as the air in pump is Compress.
Small hole of at the end of pump nozzle Small hole of at the end of bottle nozzle
Total
20
Question 10. (a)
(b)
Mark Scheme
Marks
Decay is the process where heavy nucleus emits radioactive rays and energy to be a stable nucleus
1
1. Initial activity is the same 2. time interval in Diagram 10.1 is longer
(c)
(d)
3. rate of decay in Diagram 10.1 is lower 4. The higher the rate of decay the shorter the time interval 5. The higher the rate of decay the shorter the half life Sheets of papers is palced on a moving conveyer belt Radioactive source is placed under the conveyer belt A detector is palced on top of the paper Similar reading on the scale of the detector show the sheets has the same thickness // if nthe reading is more / less the sheet of paper is thinner/thicker Aspect Fuel rod used is Uranium
Reasoning to produce fission process for production of nuclear energy
Control rod is Boron or cadmium
to absorb neutron to control the reaction
Moderator is graphite
to slow down the fast moving electron
Thick concrete wall
Prevent escape of harmful radiation // to prevent leakage
Coolant used is heavy water
To take away heat from the reactor out
5
4
2 2 2 2 2
20 Total
Question 11 (a) (b)
Mark Scheme
Mark
Temperature is the degree of hotness
1
- The thermometer is put under the touge
1
- The heat is transferred from the body to the
1
thermometer - Mercury expand until it reaches a state of
1
thermal equilibrium - The temperature of the thermometer is the
1
same as the body
(c)
Aspect Liquid used is Mercury
Reasoning Expands uniformly // sensitive to changes in temperature
Thin glass walled bulb
More sensitive to heat
Small diameter of capillary
get a wider range // More sensitive to heat
2
2 tube Glass-bore stem and cross
not easily to break // easy to
section - Thick and Curved
read
C most suitable
Mercury, Thin, Small and
2
2 2
Thick and Curved
(d) (i)
( l -l0)
x 100 1
( l100 - l0) ( 12 - 5 )
x 100
1
( 25 - 5 )
1
= 35 C (ii) (iii)
( 273 + 35 ) K = 308K
1
Volume expand with temperature
1
Total
20
Question 12. (a) (i) (ii)
Mark Scheme A device to increase or decrease voltage
Marks 1
1. When an a.c. voltage is supplied to the primary coil, an alternating current flows through coil. 2. The soft -iron core is magnetized. 3. The magnet produced varies in magnitude and direction.
(b) (i)
(ii)
4. This causes a changing magnetic flux to pass through the secondary coil.As a result ,an induced e.m.f across the secondary coil is produced.
4
No of turns = 12 x 1500 240 = 75 turns Efficiecy = Po x100 Pi 85 = Po x 100 (0.1) (240)
1 1 1
1
Po = 0.1 x 2.4 x 85 = 20.4 W (c)
1
Aspects
Reasoning
P step up Q step down
P increase voltage Q decrease voltage
2 2
Big diameter
Reduce resistance
2 2
High voltage
Small current// reduce heat loss
2
Cable on pylon
Stiff / strong
L is chosen
P step up and Q step down, big diameter, high voltage, cable on pylon Total
20
