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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Indonesia has experienced an increase in population growth was so fast that the various problems that exist in society also tends to increase. One of them is the problem of the settlement that is still not settled. There are still a lot of vacant land that has not been utilized to the maximum by the government. Residence requirement is one of the major needs in line with the density of population growth. Therefore people!s desire to build homes higher. "owever most people do not understand understand the steps # steps in building building a house house especially especially in calculating calculating the manufacturin manufacturing g cost of the house the amount of materials and services needed in the construction process. $ith a tropical climate that tends to damp owned Indonesia who desperately need air circulation and light enough so that the house is not easy to damp and moldy and not Tempier when the rain struc% then the concept of modern minimalist house is suitable to the tropical climate which is owned by Indonesia. "ousing &oeng 'emawis deliberately usin using g the the conc concep eptt of mini minima malis listt mode modern rn home home by cons consid ideri ering ng the the clim climate ate to satisf satisfy y customers. "ousing (evelopment )rime (evelopment has a good home design stra tegic location and and free free from from floo floodi ding ng so many many invi invite tess cons consum umer erss to own own a home home in the the "ous "ousin ing g (evelopment )rime Icon * comfortable place to live.
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CHAPTER II PROBLEM
+. -. . (.
"ouse "ouse devel developm opment ent goal goalss , "ouse "ouse const construc ructio tion n functi functions ons , 'tep 'tep by step step constru constructio ction n of house housess , -uildi -uilding ng 'pec 'pecific ificati ations ons ,
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CHAPTER III DISCUSSION 3.1 Building Specificai!n"
Type Of "ouse Type /0 1topaz2 • 3t4 /x56 lb4 /0m7 8 * -edroom 5 %. -athroom 5 level Type /0 1onyx2 • 3t4 /x70 lb4 /0m7 8 * -edroom 5 %. -athroom 5 level Type 570 1sapphire2 • 3t4 /x77 lb4 570m7 8 9 %. -edroom 7 %. -athroom 7 levels -uilding :oundations4 River stone • at oncrete • sloff reinforced concrete •
$alls Of The -uilding 4 -ric% in plaster and on over • Interior paint finishes &I;<= > li%e • Resistant exterior paint finishing * years (oors and windows 4 The door frame • The window sills • ?lass window •
4 "ardwood 4 "ardwoods > +luminium 4 a plain glass @ mm 4 Installation of electrical wiring without meter 4 $ater pipe installation along with unmetered
onstruction of houses in the project is intended as a residence for the buyer and the buyer in a residential home providing &oeng 'emawis types and models of houses that diverse. This housing is permanent for long periods of time. In accordance with the definition of the building which means a construction is done in a systematic and permanent which means not moveable. -esides housing construction is also intended for business purposes the company that manages the development of this project. 3.#.# %unci!n
The building houses in this project is building /@ houses with the type which functioned as a place to stay that is ready to be occupied. It is also designed as a place of refuge or comfortable shelter because buyers can also choose their own homes to be bought. 'o that the building could corres pond to that in the desire of the buyer.
3.3. Ele&en" ' Ele&en" P(!)ec
In carrying out the project management in )rime "ousing (evelopment was formed organization of project implementation which is a system that involves many parties to wor% together and have a sense of responsibility to the duties obligations and powers that have been granted in accordance with their respective fields and expertise. "ere are the parties involved in the construction of )rime "ousing (evelopment OWNER
PLANNING CONSULTAN
Picture 3.3. The parties involved in the construction of Prime Housing Development
Contractor Implementer
Foreman
Sub
Sub Contractor
Sub Contractor
&an'(man
3.3.1. O*ne(+ C!n(ac!( Planne( and C!n(ac!(.
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Implementation of "ousing )rojects )rime (evelopment who doubles as the contractors consultants planners consultants supervisors and became owner. 'o the duties powers and responsibilities as owner contractor consultant planner and consultant supervisor run by )rime (evelopment itself. (uties powers and responsibilities of )rime (evelopment as follows4 a. )rovide the location of land development projects. b. )rovide and see% funding for the project wor%. c. +dminister and resolve licenses following requirements must be met relating to the construction of the project. d. reating images of the overall project planners include images of structures as well as mechanical and electrical architecture. e. reating images detail > explanation complete with calculations construction. f. ;a%e a -udget )lan 1R+-2 g. arry out wor% in accordance with the agreed schedule. h. )rotect all equipment materials and wor% against loss and damage to the submission of wor%. i. )roviding labor materials wor%places equipment and other support tools used is based on the specification and drawings that have been determined by ta%ing into account the time cost quality and job security. 3.3.#. %!(e&an.
:oreman or supervisor on duty led some wor%ers to complete a particular part of the job such as4 job pembesian carpentry and finishing the project.
3.3.3. Hand,&an.
)lumbers carry out the wor% in accordance with the instructions or orders from the foreman in accordance with his expertise. $or%er wages are paid by the piece pervolume through foreman or foremen. In this project there are / people who become carpenters. +rtisan wor%ing hours starting from 06.00 till 5/.00.
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3.3.-. Su C!n(ac!(".
In the implementation of )rime (evelopment!s "ousing )rojects involving two subcontractors namely4 5. 'ub ontractors Roofing $or%s In this housing construction projects across the roof until the installation of precarious wor% performed by subcontractors. 7. 'ub#contractors eiling In this project the ceiling wor% done by sub#contractors after the roof wor% is completed. 3.-. P(epa(a!(, *!(/.
3.-.1. E&pl!,&en Land P(epa(ai!n and Cleaning L!cai!n.
The location will be built housing )rime (evelopment leveled and cleared of weeds trees tree roots and the types of waste that can destabilize the soil so the soil does not decrease as a result of the imposition followed by leveling the ground in a location that will be built.
3.-.#. 0!(/ P(epa(ai!n Manufacu(ing 0a(e!u"e
$arehouse is the storage of materials such as cement and the type of material that is not resistant to natural conditions. $arehouses in )rime (evelopment housing project is made on land that does not interfere with the layout of the room so that artisans can wor% freely. The walls of the warehouse made of wooden boards under a roof of corrugated iron.
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3.-.3. P(epa(ai!n T!!l" and Mae(ial".
+. )reparation Tool. The tools used in the construction of this housing are4 mixer and stamper belongs to )rime (evelopment for the construction project while the tools carried by wor%ers anta another4 a hoe trowel tool bolt cutters saws pliers buc%et shovel and tools another required#tool other.
-. )reparation ;aterials. ;aterial is a device or material # the most important building material because of the absence of material # material that it could not be built a building. ;aterial # material that exist in this project is a material commonly used in building houses among other things4
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Picture 3.4.3 Preparation Materials
5. $ater. $ater is a very important factor in a project where the water quality will also determine the quality of the building especially in the concrete wor%. $ater and the creation and maintenance of concrete must not contain oils acids al%alis salts organic materials or other materials that can damage the concrete or reinforcement steel. In this case the water in use is potable water. 'ources of water supply in the process of housing construction )rime (evelopment is through wells that purports to assist in the construction of water supply projects. 7. ement. ement is a building material that is very sensitive to the influence of water which created a mix with other materials in the construction of this housing. )rime (evelopment on development projects using cement Indosement Tiga Roda cement which is made in the country. ,
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Picture 3.5 Bouwplank 3.. Piling 0!(/".
The foundations including the core structure of the building as the foundation serves to receive and distribute the load to the surrounding soil. The type and the type of foundation is very diverse including continuous foundation the foundation of the palm piling and pile drilling. In this housing development foundation that is used is the foundation foot plate and the foundation stone sides. 3..1. Te f!undai!n %!!plae
The installation process involves several stages of foundation4 5. 'oil excavation
7. ;a%e the wor% floor ;a%ing the wor%ing floor intended that reinforcement is not dirty with a ratio of 5 cement4 7 sand4 * gravel. *. The process of laying iron. (ila%au%an iron placement process after wor%ing the floor dry. :loor drying process ta%es one day of wor%. +fter the footplate is placed such that it is right on bouwplan%. 9. The process of casting asting footplate formwor% bottom using ngeringannya ta%es one day. :ootplate upper casting process 1column2 using formwor%. The release of the mold is done after 7 days. +t the time of casting is not done with the compaction tool because there are a lot of split in the mix. ompaction just by banging the mold and stabbed the inside with a stic% so that there are no cavities. 1.
Picture 3.6.1. Footplate Work 3..#. Te f!undai!n Bau Bela
5. 'oil
Picture 3.6.2. Soil Excavation Work
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7. The sand is :or the purposes of ma%ing a foundation stone sides after the excavated soil carried out with a high sand pengurugan @#50 cm. The foundation stone sides serves to carry the load acting thereon both vertical and horizontal loads. 'tone should be laid out neatly so that the motion of small and empty cavities filled with mortar sand in the ratio 54 @
Picture 3.6.2. Pilin Works Stone Splite
*. ouple 'tanding 'tone 1+anstamping2 Once completed mengurug sand stac%ing the pair of standing stones 1anstamping2 5@#70 cm tall. 9. ouple 'tone 'plit ;asonry sides composed of approximately *6 m* with mortar 5pc4 6)' after a pair of standing stones attached. In this stage of the installation of the stone sides better accompanied by planting reinforcement columns in a stronger foundation so the column. 3.4. Sl!!f )!.
+fter completion of the foundation wor% with the sides continued manufacture of stone sloof on a foundation using a mix of materials4 water cement sand and roc%s split. •
Installation of Reinforcement.
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+t wor% pembesiaan sloop originally installed in accordance with the principal reinforcement plan drawings in which reinforcement sloof associated with the reinforcement of the column that is embedded in the foundation. tulangannya stringing process is done on a sloofnya placement. In sloof wor% on this project 'loop measuring 5@x70 cm with a plain iron reinforcement 9D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm with a distance of 5@ cm.
9D50 D/#5@0
Picture 3.!. "etail Sloo# 15x2$
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(ismantling :ormwor% (emolition be%esting on sloof more quic%ly and easily than its demolition job columns beams. (emolition of the sloop done after the concrete dries. +fter dismantling spraying and hoarding or mengurug bac% to the soil in the hole between the bearing sloof.
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Picure 3.!. %nstallation Sloo# 3.5. Land Pengu(ugan )!.
+fter pemsangan stone sides and further wor% is mengurug sloof bac% dugouts on the sidelines masonry divisions. 3andfill soil compaction done gradually layer by layer.
3.6. 0all 0!(/". 3.6.1 0!(/ C!lu&n
The column is part of a building that serves to hold the load on it and distribute it to the foundation. olumns are used in house construction project is using three different column sizes are4 5. &5 size *0x*0 cm with a plain iron reinforcement 6D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm at a distance of *0 cm. 7. &7 size 70x70 cm with a plain iron reinforcement 9D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm with a distance of 70 cm. *. &* size 5@x5@ cm with a plain iron reinforcement 9D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm with a distance of 5@ cm.
9 D50 D/#5@0 14
Picture 3.&.1 "etail 'olou( Prakis 15x15 c(
The first thing to do is set the column reinforcement. +fter penetelan column do be%esting manufacture or mold for the column. Replace oncrete :ormwor% fitted out and then do the casting. +fter * days be%esting opened then do the treatment by spraying concrete so that the concrete remains saturated and more robust.
Picture 4.6.2. 'olou( Work 3.6.# E&pl!,&en (ic/ &a"!n(,
;aterials for wall wor% is relatively diverse including red bric% bric% and a partition wall 1gypsum and multiplex2. In this real estate development project of red bric% of choice for an affordable price and have an edge which ma%es the far wall of quality compared to other materials.
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Picture 3.&.2. 'ouple )e* Brick
On the wall wor% before the red bric% in pairs to do with intersting yarn so that the installation can be neat red bric% or straight continue with the installation of the first red bric% roughly as high as 5#5.@ m that is not easily collapsed. Red bric% wall serves to limit the layout of the rooms in the house and outside the house as brusher and adhesive is between the red bric% mortar and sand in the ratio 54 /. )airs of red bric% located above the concrete 1sloop2.
3.6.3 In"allai!n f(a&e
In the construction of this house specifically for bathroom use aluminum frame to the room while others use wood frame. Installation of the frame and the wall simultaneously with the aim of lower and upper sills that there ang%urnya can be casted so strong bond.
3.6.-. Pla"e(ing and Pengacian
-efore proceeding finishing wor% painting wall mounted with red bric% wor% continued with pemelesteran and )engacian befungsi protective bric% walls from the weather for durability. The materials included in the mixture of cement and sand plastering is a tide in the ratio 54 @ and acian only made of cement material. 3.6.2. Tiling 0all
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eramic 70x70 mounted on walls that are often damp or wet the walls of the bathroom or lavatory and the %itchen wall. This ceramic serves to protect the wall of water.
3.17. %l!!( 0!(/". 3.17.1. Ring 0!(/ Bal/ and %l!!( Bea&"
-al% is a %ind of ring beam sloop but is above 1subject2 to bind columns with one another. $hile 3atai beam is beam that is above the sill is pointless to hold the load that was on it in order to not be accepted by the frame. 'ame way with columns or sloop that pairs tulangannya then create be%esting and did casting. -ut there is mounting 'taiger that serves to sustain sloof when wor%manship and drying. +fter the release be%esting after sloof dry. :or treatment is done by spraying them with water.
Picture 3.1$.1. )in Balk Work 3.17.#. Tiling !f fl!!("
eramic is a material that is often used for the floors and walls of the house. 'everal %inds of sizes of ceramic used in flooring wor% are as follows4 a. Installation $or%s 90x90 ceramic. 90x90 ceramic used almost every room except the bathroom floor or toilet. eramic floor mounted on the surface of the sand landfill solid above ground using mortar and sand in the ratio 54 *. The floor is ceramic interior wor% that serves to ta%e into beautiful loo% of the house. The units in the calculation of pairs of ceramic floor is mE. 1+
Picture 3.1$.2. Floor Work
(etails of the wor% floor and tiling can be seen below4 sand is solid under the base floor of @cm thic% degan or wor% floor under tiles with @cm thic% eramic :loor Room in eramic :loor front porch and rear eramic :loor -athroom > $ $alls eramic -athroom (es% F $all eramic &itchen
b. )e%ejaan :looring 70x70. eramic 70x70 installed in bathrooms and toilets with ceramic#type rough so that the floor is not slippery. In the installation of ceramic floor washrooms considering the level of flatness or slope so that water is not stagnant. 3.11. R!!f 0!(/
The construction of housing projects &oeng this night using concrete tile with horses as a lightweight steel roof and a roof made of fiber nodes in the drying chamber. 'tep wor%s jobs lightweight steel roof with concrete tile4 5. )repare the base steel easel made of concrete. 7. Installation of light steel horses .. *. Install purlins rafters battens mild steel respectively. 9. lose the roof with concrete tile 1tile installation is done from bottom to top2.
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@. lose relations concrete tile top on a rooftop with a mixture 5pc4 *)' so that rainwater does not seep and lea%.
Picture 3.11. )oo# Work
3.1#. Ceiling 0!(/
In the construction of houses in this project which is used in pembbuatan ceiling material is gypsum board with a hollow frame 7x9 cm and iron hanger root. eiling function protect the furniture from dust entering through the roof tiles. In addition to its main function the ceiling also beautify the ceiling. Gobs ceiling portion of the interior wor% that can be designed in accordance with the desired pattern. The steps in the wor% of the ceiling among others4 5. Gob reation and Installation :rame eiling The framewor% serves as a hanger ceiling gypsum board mounted using screws. eiling framewor% used is hollow steel 7x9 cm. 7. Installation of ?ypsum eiling The material used to ma%e gypsum board ceiling is C mm. In addition to facilitate the wor% the board gysumm can also be formed in accordance with the desired pattern. 1-
*. Installation of ?ypsum 3is 3is gypsum lies in the meeting point between the hollow bric% walls with acian 3813. Pain*!(/
Implementation of the painting wor% include painting walls doors and window frames doors and ceiling. In the process of painting the wall using wall paint brand (ulux and the ceiling painting using paint brands (ecolith. $hile sills and doors made from wood using wood paint brands +vian.
)rime Residential (evelopment uses the concept of minimalist modern home nice home a strategic location and is free from flood to meet the needs of consumers. +s with any building the construction project )erumahan)rime (evelopment also has the scope of wor% as job preparation wor% measurement and installation bouwplan% foundation wor% the wor% of reinforced concrete structures the wor% of the roof structure of the steel frame the wor% of bric% frame wor% job s%y ceilinged > pafond wor% floor coverings and wall coverings painting jobs. onstruction of houses in the project is intended as a residence for the buyer and the buyer in the residential house of )rime (evelopment that provides types and models of houses that diverse. -esides housing construction is also intended for business purposes the company that manages the development of this project. onstruction of houses in this project was designed as a place of refuge or comfortable shelter because buyers can also choose their own homes to be bought. 'o that the building could corres pond to that in the desire of the buyer.
2.
Implementation of "ousing )rojects underta%en )rime )rime (evelopment (evelopment which doubles as the contractors consultants planners consultants supervisors and became owner. 'o the duties powers and responsibilities as owner contractor consultant planner and consultant supervisor run by )rime (evelopment itself. In the implementation of )rime (evelopment!s "ousing )rojects involve head carpenters and builders but it also involves subcontractors and subcontractors wor% employment roof ceiling. In the project implementation process begins with the wor% of the house persipan consisting of preparation and land clearing manufacturing warehouses and prepare the tools and materials needed in the construction process. Once the preparatory wor% is completed the measurement and installation wor% can be done plan% bouw then followed by foundation wor%. The foundation used in the construction of this house using footplate foundation to a depth of 5 m and the foundation stone sides with a depth of 0.B@ m. Installation and casting sloof made after the foundation is dry. In sloof wor% on this project using sloof measuring 5@x70 cm with a plain iron reinforcement 9D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm with a distance of 5@ cm. +fter installation of the foundations and the installation sloof completed the next mengurug dugouts and compacting urugan. $or%s such as the installation of the column wall bric%laying mounting frames made after sloof foundry wor% is completed and dry. olumns that are used in the construction of this house using * sizes of different columns column &5 size *0x*0 cm with iron reinforcement plain 6D50 mm and beugel D/ mm with spacing interval of *0 cm column &7 size 70x70 cm with iron reinforcement plain 9D50 mm and beugel D/ mm with a spacing interval of 70 cm and 5@x5@ cm size &* columns with plain iron reinforcement 9D50 mm and beugel hose D/ mm with a distance of 5@ cm. job bal% ring and the floor beams on the wor% floor wall made after the wor% is completed. $hile the installation of roof l%erami% do after wor% is completed. Roof wor%s such as the installation horses mild steel installation of concrete tiles and ceiling mounting on the construction of this house carried by the sub#contractor who was appointed by )rime (evelopment. Or finishing a painting using paint brand (ulux to paint on the walls and ceiling painting using paint brands (ecolith. $hile sills and doors made from wood using wood paint brands +vian.
-.# Sugge"i!n
This issue should indeed consulted with the contractor. It would be nice if you have friends who wor% in that field. +s a general overview the final plan will be made two# storey building that you want. The process of construction adjust your financial condition.
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If the cost is minimal can use the concept of home grown. This usually requires the initial cost is not too great but the future costs will be considerable because it too% unloading here and there not to mention having to move while the house was renovated. If you have enough charge the safest way is to build the entire ground floor with concrete foundations and structures that have been prepared for the two floors. If you wear a good reinforcement the wall thic%ness is not very influential because the burden is not the wall itself but the ring beam. If there are fees ga not ma%e a tile roof. reate cast concrete roof or palace 1which later became the floor is level two2. Thus when the construction of the second floor demolition can be minimized. Hou also do not need to be moved because the ground floor can be occupied while the second floor was built.