La Filosofia Griega y Helenistica - Emilio Lledo - Scholaris 10

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Mk }k n}dlv n}d lv bm Lwjl Emk Emk cv

Nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl kc gcemk÷ mk Lrmklw wjkc mk nlw gcnckjlw dvjmdlw bm Lwjl Emkcv+ Mk gj}blbmw gcec Ejnmrc. Mamwc. Gnl÷emklw. Hlnjglvklwc. wm bjmvck gckbjgjckmw mwpmgjlnmw plvl mwrl k}mql acv%

Avldemkrcw bm Bme÷gvjrc. rcelbcw bm nl mbjgj÷k bm Hmvelkk Bjmnw+ Ncw rmxrcw |} |}mm gjrmecw bm ncw pvmwcgvìrjgcw nnmqlk. gcec mw }w}ln. nl k}emvlgj÷k mwrlfnmgjbl pcv Bjmnw. bmrvìw bm nl lfvmqjlr}vl BI+

el bm ejvlv mn e}kbc z l ncw wmvmw h}elkcw+ Mwrlw gj}blbmw mvlk. mk w} elzcvål. p}mvrcw jepcvrlkrmw bckbm wm o}krlflk dmkrmw bm bjwrjkrlw pvcgmbmkgjlw z bckbm mn jkrmvglefjc bm emvglkgålw mwr}qc lgcepl¥ ülbc pcv mn jkrmvglefjc bm jbmlw+ Mwrlw gj}blbmw avmkrm ln elv mvlk wåefcnc rlefjêk bm njfmvrlb z w}w gcwrlw }kl gckrjk}l jkgjrlgj÷k ln ecqjejmkrc z l nl lqmkr}vl+ Mwl avckrmvl mkrvm mn elv z nl rjmvvl mwrlvål mk mf}nnjgj÷k mk rcvkc ln 100 l+ bm G+ Pcgc lkrmw bm mwl amghl z mk mwcw n}dlvmw hlfålk gckcgjbc ncw dvjm¥ dcw mn lnalfmrc amkjgjc. |}m nmw pmvejrål kc w÷nc ajolv  w}w cpmvlgjckmw gcemvgjlnmw. wjkc rlefjêk gckwmvqlv   pcv mwgvjrc w}w nmzmkblw z w}w pmkwlejmkrcw+

R l nmn m w b m E j n m r c <+ ]k gjmkråajgc gjmkråa jgc pvìgrjgc Rlnmw bm Ejnmrc mw mn pvjemv kcefvm mk mwrl hjwrc¥ vjl+ Kc kcw |}mbl kj wj|}jmvl }k avldemkrc w}p}mw¥ rlemkrm cvjdjkln bm w}w mwgvjrcw. wj mw |}m nnmd÷ l mwgvjfjv+ Pmvc rmkmecw lf}kblkrmw vmamvmkgjlw bm w}w cpjkjckmw wcfvm mn e}kbc z ncw hcefvmw. |}m kcw pmvejrmk gckwrv}jv }kl ajd}vl ©jbmln¹ bmn pvj¥ emv ©ajn÷wcac¹. z. pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. bm nc |}m wjd¥ kjajg÷ plvl nl ajncwcaål+ Wlfmecw |}m qjqj÷ mk Ejnmrc+ nl eìw vjgl bm nlw gj}blbmw gcemvgjlnmw bm nl gcwrl bm Lwjl Emkcv. z |}m mk mn lüc =8= l+ bm G+ pvmbjoc }k mgnjpwm+ Wmvål êwrl nl pvj emvl amghl amghl mk nl hjwrcv jl bm nl gjm kgj l cg¥

gjbmkrln+ Pcv w}p}mwrc. mk vmnlgj÷k gck nl lwrvckc¥ eål. rmkmecw rmwrjeckjcw wcfvm w}w cfwmvqlgjckmw bm ncw ecqjejmkrcw gmnmwrmw+ Mk mamgrc. nnmqlflk zl gjkgc lücw bm d}mvvl %ncw njbjcw z ncw em% bcw% gck w}mvrm lnrmvkl. g}lkbc. mk mn g}vwc bm }k gceflrm.

lglmgj÷ |}m mn bål wm rvlkwacve÷. bm vmpmkrm. mk kcghm+ Mwm gle fjc bm bål nc hlfål pvmbjghc l ncw ockjcw Rlnmw bm Ejnmrc+ |}m hl fål lajve lajvelbc lbc |}m mk mwm ejwe ejwec c lüc wm pvcb}gj pvcb}gjvål vål rln glefjc+ glefjc+ Hmv÷bcrc+ J+ 42

Rlefjêk wm kcw hl rvlkwejrjbc |}m mwr}qc mk Mdjprc z |}m wm pvmcg}p÷ pcv f}wglv }kl mxpnjgl¥ gj÷k l nlw gvmgjblw bmn Kjnc+

Mk mwm qjlom l Mdjprc jbm÷ rlefjêk }k eêrcbc plvl glng}nlv nl lnr}vl bm nlw pjvìejbmw pcv nl wcefvl |}m  pvczmgrlflk+ ]rjnj÷ mwrcw bmwg}fvjejmkrcw dmceêrvj¥ gcw plvl embjv nlw bjwrlkgjlw bm nlw klqmw mk mn elv+ M}bmec lrvjf}zm l Rlnmw mn rmcvmel ©ncw rvjìkd}ncw |}m rjm kmk }k nlbc z w}w ìkd}ncw lbzlgmkrmw jd}lnmw. wck jd}lnmw¹+ Pcv mwrm rmcvmel embål nl bjwrlkgjl bm ncw flvgcw mk mn elv+ Pvcgnc(BI <
Hmv÷bcrc (J. 4=* kcw g}mkrl |}m Rlnmw bmwqj÷ mn gl}gm bmn våc Hlnjw hlgjmkbc }kl mwpmgjm bm bj|}m  plvl |}m |}m mn moêv gj rc bm Gvmwc p}bjmvl. w jk kmgmwjblb bm p}mkrmw. qlbmlvnc+ Crvl kcrjgjl jkrmvmwlkrm. vmamvjbl pcv Hmv÷bcrc (J. <40*+ <40*+ mw |}m |}m Rlnmw pvcp}wc nl }kj÷ }k j÷kk bm nlw bjwrjkrlw gj}blbmw dvjmdlw bm Ockjl z |}m êwrlw ©r}qjmvlk }k gckwmoc gceÿk¹ mk nl gj}blb bm Rmcw+ Rcbc mnnc nmw blvål eìw a}mvl avmkrm l nlw lemkllw bm ncw pmvwlw+ Mn pmvajn |}m bmn pvjemv ajn÷wcac wm kcw bjf}ol nc   pvmwmkrl. p}mw. gcec }k cfwmvqlbcv bm nl klr}vlnm l z }k rm÷vjgc bm nl pcnårjgl+ Mk bmajkjrjql. }k hce¥   fvm bm w} rjmepc. cg}plbc mk blv l w}w gckgj}blbl¥ kcw jbmlw |}m wmvqålk plvl jkrmjpvmrlv ncw amk÷emkcw klr}vlnmw. z algjnjrlv nl wcnjblvjblb mkrvm ncw dvjmdcw+ Ncw p}mfncw bm nlw gcwrlw bm Ockjl. mepvmkbmbcvmw z klqmdl klqmdlkrm krmw. w. kmgmwjrlflk kmgmwjrlflk ©wlf jcw ¹ |}m |}m ncw mkwm ül wm k l embjv bjwrlkgjlw bjwrlkgjl w mk mn elv. l cvjmkrlvwm pcv nlw mwrvm¥ nnlw. l mwrlfnmgmv plgrcw bm }kj÷k mkrvm nlw bjwrjkrlw gj}blbmw+ Nl qjbl mvl bmelwjlbc lpvmejlkrm m jepcv¥ rlkrm gcec plvl |}m w} e}kbc jkrmnmgr}ln wm njejrlvl w÷nc l gckrlv ejrcw gckrlv ejrcw wcfvm w}w bjcwmw. c l wcülv gck nlw hllülw bm L|}jnmw c ]njwmw+ Pcv w}p}mwrc |}m nl g}n¥ r}vl eårjgl w jd}j ÷ pvmwmkr pvmwmkrmm z |}m ncw vlpwcblw vlpwcblw wmd}ål k glkrlkbc ncw pcmelw bm Hcemvc. pmvc ncw flvgcw vml¥ nmw kmgmwjrlflk. mkrvm crvlw gcwlw. cvjmkrlvwm pcv nlw mwrvmnnlw |}m. bm qmvblb. wm qmålk+ Klbl eìw cp}mw¥ rc. pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. l mwl jbml jbml bmn wlfmv ©ajncw÷ajg c¹ gcec lndc lnmolbc bmn e}kbc z bm ncw jkrmvmwmw ©vml¥ nmw¹ bm ncw hcefvmw+

hlz vlckmw plvl o}wrjajglv mwlw w}p}mwrlw ©bjwrvlggjc¥ kmw¹. pmvc pmvc lnd}kl lnd}klww pcbv ålk rmkmv rmkmv }k glvìg rmv jbmcn÷dj¥ jb mcn÷dj¥ gc plvl vjbjg}njlv nc |}m bm gvmlbcv z vmqcn}gjcklvjc r}qjmvlk nlw jbmlw bm mwrcw hcefvmw+ hcefvmw+ Kc kcw vmwjwrjecw  pcv mnnc l vmpvcb}gjv nl lk êgbcrl êgb crl cp}mwrl cp}mwrl |}m. |}m. rln qm.  plvl bmamkbmv nl rmwjw bm |}m mn wlfjc mvl emkcw bjw¥ rvlåbc rvl åbc bm nc |}m |}m plvmgm. plvmgm. vmpvcb} vmpvcb}gm gm Lvjwr ÷rm nmw ? Gcec wm vmpvcghlfl l Rlnmw nc jkÿrjn |}m mvl w} laìk bm wl fmv %nl ©ajncwcaål¹% g}mkrlk |}m pvmqjmkbc. pcv w}w gckc gjejmkrcw bm lwrvckceål. |}m l|}mn lüc hlfvål f}mkl gcwm ghl bm lgmjr}klw Y+++U lvvmkb÷ ncw ecnjkcw bm lgmjrm bm Ejnmrc z \}åcw Y+++U z. g}lkbc nnmd÷ mn ecemkrc cpcvr}kc. ncw vmln|}jn÷ ln pvmgjc |}m |}jwc+ Y+++U Bmecwrv÷. lwå+ |}m mw aìgjn l ncw ajn÷wcacw mkvj|}mgmvwm. pmvc |}m kc mw mwc nc |}m nmw jkrmvmw mwl+

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kjamwr÷ |}m nl Rjmvvl mwrlfl wcfvm mn ld}l* z wjk b}bl cpjkl fl lwå ln qmv |}m l|}mnnc bm nc |}m rcbc wm k}rvm mw hÿembc z |}m mn gl glncv ejwec klgm bm nl nl h}emblb z bm mnnl nl qjq jqm. z

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L k l x jej e l k b v c ? o } w rjr j g jlj l m jkj k e m k w jbj b l b Lklxjelkbvc bm Ejnmrc. |}m qjqj÷ mkrvm mn 1<0 z mn =%{ l+ bm G+ lpvcx+. wm jkrmvmw÷ pcv rmelw plvmgjbcw l w} pljwlkc z. rln qm. elmwrvc. elmwrvc. Rlnmw+ Wm nm lrvjf}zm? … Mn hlfmv mwgvjrc }k njfvc ©Wcfvm nl klr}vlnm¥ l¹+ Mw e}z pcwjfnm. wjk meflvdc. |}m mn hmghc bm mwgvjfjv }k ©njfvc¹ wml zl }kl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k e}z pcwrmvjcv9 z |}m wcnlemkrm h}fjmwm pvm¥ rmkbjbc. }rjnjlkbc nl jkgjpjmkrm mwgvjr}vl. aj¥   olv mk plpjvc lnd}kl bm w}w jbmlw ©wcfvm nl klr}vlnml¹+ … Hlfmv }rjnjlbc mn dkceck plvl. pcv w} wce¥  fvl. embjv mn rjmepc z nl lnr}vl bmn Wcn+ … Hlfmv wjbc mn pvjemvc ©mk bjf}olv wcfvm }kl rlfnjnnl }k elpl bm nl rjmvvl hlfjrlbl¹. z gckw¥ rv}jv }kl mwpmgjm bm mwamvl bckbm mwrlflk vm¥   pvmwmkrlbcw lnd}kcw lwrvcw+ … Lbejrjv nl pn}vlnjblb bm e}kbcw z mn mrmvkc ecqjejmkrc bm nlw gcwlw+ Mk mwgvjrcvmw pcwrm¥

vjcvmw mkgckrvlecw vmamvmkgjlw l cpjkjckmw bm Lklxjelk bvc wcfvm wcfvm nl lwr vc kc eål. wcfvm wcfvm mn cvj¥

dmk bm ncw wmvmw qjqcw z bmn hcefvm. lwå gcec wcfvm wcfvm nlw nlw gl}w gl}wlw lw bm ncw amk÷ emkc w emrmc vc n÷ dj¥ gcw flwlbl flwlblww mk nl cfwmv qlg j÷ k mepå vj gl+ Lklxjelkbvc wjd}m mn glejkc bm Rlnmw z. gck mnnc. wm mepjml l jkrmvpvmrlv bm }kl elkmvl eìw ©vlgjckln¹ nl vmnlgj÷k bmn hcefvm gck mn }kjqmvwc |}m nc vcbml+ Rlefjêk wm lrvjf}zm l Lklxjelkbvc mn hlfmv  }rjnjlbc mn rêvejkc lpmjvck ©gcec pvjkgjpjc z mnmemkrc bm nlw gcwlw mxjwrmkrmw. z |}m gckrjmkm nl gl}wl rcbl bmn klgjejmkrc z bmwrv}ggj÷k bmn e}k¥ bc¹+ Nl plnlfvl lpmjvck nl mkgckrvlecw zl mk Hc¥ emvc (¬njlbl. J. 7=0* plvl hlfnlv bmn elv jkemkwc.   wjkaåk (lpmjvck* z rlefjêk }k w}müc jkbmrmvejkl bc. wjk nåejrmw pvmgjwcw (Cbjwml. QJJ. 681*+ Mk Lklxj elkbvc . mwrm mwrm rêvejk c pcb vål rmkmv rmkmv }k wmkrjbc wmkrjbc wmemolkrm9 nl vmlnjblb rjmkm |}m wmv lndc jkbmrmvej¥ klbc. jepvmgjwc. gcec }k ackbc cvjdjklvjc |}m w÷¥ nc wm bmrmvejkl g}lkbc wm gckgvmrl gck nlw eÿnrj¥  pnmw lplvjmkgjlw bmn e}kbc+

L k l x å e m k m w ? m n l jvj v m z m n } k j q m vwv w c Lndc eìw ocqmk |}m Rlnmw z Lklxjelkbvc. mw Lkl x å e m k m w . |}m rlefjêk qjqj÷ mk Ejnmrc+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw. Rmcavlwr Rmcavlwrc. c. Pn}rlvgc. m rgêr mvl . nc pvmwmkrlk pvmwmkrlk gcec lw lw rv÷kcec z cg}plbc mk mwr}bjlv nl klr}vlnml. acv¥ el z ecqjejm ecqjejm krc bm ncw g}mvpcw gmnmwrmw+ Gc ec w}w w}w bcw bcw gc epl üm vc w. mwrl ejvlbl |}m |}m cf¥ wmvqlfl mk nl f÷qmbl bmn gjmnc mn ecqjejmkrc z n}¥ dlv bm nlw mwrvmnnlw mvl }kl acvel ©rm÷vjgl¹ bm mk¥ gckrvlv gckcgjejmkrcw |}m p}bjmvlk lgceplülv l w}w gceplrvjcrlw klqmdlkrmw+ Wjk b}bl lnd}kl. mw¥ rcw gckcgjejmkrcw vmw}nrlflk eìw ÿrjnmw |}m hlgmv  lnd}kcw wlgvj ajgjcw l ncw bjcwmw plvl |}m |}m kc nmw mk¥ qjlwmk rmepmwrlbmw+ Mn gckgmprc |}m wjvqm l Lklxåemkmw gcec a}k¥ blemkrc bm nlw gcwlw mw mn ljvm. gcec mn ld}l bm Rl¥ nmw. c mn lpmjvck bm Lklxjelkbvc+ L}k|}m nl plnl¥  fvl ljvm kc rvlb}gm mxlgrlemkrm mn rêvejkc dvjmdc lêv. |}m mvl eìw fjmk lndc lwå gcec mwl kjmfnl c ql  pcv gck  pcv  gck |}m ncw bjcwmw pvcrmdålk l w}w hêvcmw mk nlw  flrlnnlw (þålbl. X Q J . 410*+ 410*+ ]k l gjrl bm Rmcav Rmcavlwrc lwrc vm¥ w}em w}em nlw cpjkjckmw bm Lkl xå emk mw ? Lklxå emkmw emkm w bm Ejnmrc. hjoc hjoc bm M}vjw M}vjwrvl rvlrc rc.. g ceplümvc ceplüm vc bm Lklxjelkbvc. bjgm. gcec êwrm. |}m nl klr}vlnml w}fzl

Mk nl bmwmefcglb}vl bmn våc Ilzwrvcw. ln kcvrm bm Ejnmrc. wm mkg}mkrvl Mamwc. }kl gj}blb jepcvrlkrm mk nlw mepvmwlw gcemvgjlnmw z elvjkmvlw bm nlw gc¥ nckjlw dvjmdlw bm Lwjl Emkcv+ Mk mwrl gj}blb klgj÷ Hmvìgnjrc. }kl bm nlw ajd}vlw eìw lplwjcklkrmw mk nl hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål+ Mk w} elb}vm. mk rcvkc ln lüc =00 l+ bm G. qjqj÷ nl vmfmnj÷k bm nlw gj}bl¥ bmw ockjlw gckrvl nl gvmgjmkrm pvmwj÷k bmn jepmvjc  pmvwl bm Blv åc J+ Hmvìgnjrc mwrlfl meplvmkrlbc gck nl lvjwrcgvlgjl bcejklkrm mk nl gj}blb. z l mn nc wm bmfm rln qm mn rc¥ kc bjwpnjgmkrm z l}rcvjrlvjc bm w}w w}w mwgvjrcw+ Hl z kcrj¥ gjlw bjqmvrjblw z gckrvlbjgrcvjlw wcfvm w} pmvwcklnj¥ blb. wcfvm wcfvm nl cwg}vjblb cwg}vjblb bm w} mwrjnc. mwrjnc. w} ejwl krv cpål . w} emnl kg cnå l %©w j rcbc an}zm an}zm z wm kcw kcw mwglpl mwglpl kc hlz hlz klbl |}m kcw pmvejrl nl lnmdvål¹%. w} lplvrlejmkrc bmn e}kbc z w} qmdmrlvjlkjwec. mrgêr mvl+ mv l+ Mk nlw plnlfvlw bm Hmvìgnjrc cåecw zl nl qc bmn   pvjemv ajn÷wcac |}m kcw bmol mkrmkbmv lnd}klw pmvw¥   pmgrjqlw gnlvlw bm w} pvczmgrc jkrmnmgr}ln+ Nl lf}k¥

gmkrmmw}klm jkbmajkjbl. jkbmajkjbl. pmvckcjkgckgvmrlwjkcgckgvmrl

z nl nnle÷ ljvm+ Bjgm rlefjêk |}m wm gckqjmvrm mk }kl gcwl } crvl crvl pcv pcv vlvmalggj÷k vlvmal ggj÷k z gckbm g ckbmkwlg kwlg j÷k+ Y+++ Y+++UU Hlgm Hlgm rlefjêk mrmvkc mn ecqjejmkrc pcv mn |}m mn glefjc wm pvcb}gm+

BI  L =

Rcblw Rcblw mwr mwrlw lw cpjkjckmw cpjkjckmw w}vdå lk bm nl cfwm vql gj ÷k bm ncw pvcgmwcw klr}vlnmw. klr}vlnmw. gcec nl nn }qj l. n l mqlpc¥ mqlpc¥ vlgj÷k. nl acvelgj÷k bm nlw k}fmw m. jkgn}wc. bm nl cfwmvqlgj÷k bm nl pvcpjl vmwpjvlgj÷k gcec pvjkgj¥   pjc bm nl qjbl+ Lwå nnmd÷ Lklxåemkmw l nl jbml bm }kl vmwpjvlgj÷k bmn gcwecw |}m qjqm z bl qjbl (BI <7F6*+ Mwrm }kjqmvwc |}m vmwpjvl z lnjmkrl mw }kl jeldmk cvjdjkln bm mwrcw pvjemvcw plwcw bm }k   pmkwlejmkrc mk n}ghl zl pcv nl vlgjcklnjblb+ Lklxåemkmw w}pckm rlefjêk |}m mwlw acvelw eìw c emkcw emkcw bmkwlw bmkwlw bmn ©ql pc v¹ |}m |}m gckajd}vl mn gcwecw wck nl gl}wl (lÅRÅl* bm ncw bjwrjkrcw amk÷¥ emkcw gck |}m wm hlgm pvmwmkrm nl vmlnjblb+ Mwrl jbml bm gl}wl wm bmwpvmkbm bm mwrl elkmvl bm w} wjdkjajglbc ecvln bm g}npl c pmkl. rln gcec lplvm¥ gm mk ncw pvjemvcw rmxrcw. plvl bmwpnllvwm hlgjl }k wjdkjajglbc ©gjmkråajgc¹. |}m mw mn |}m pvmbcej¥ klvì pcwrmvjcvemkrm+

blkrm blkrm fjfnjcdv laål ecbmvkl hl hl gckrvjf}jbc rlef jêk l }kl emocv jkrmnj dmkgjl dmkgj l bm w}w avldemkrcw+ avldemkrcw+

<+ Mn ncdcw Nl ajncwcaål bm Hmvìgnjrc gcejmkl gck }k rckc bm elvglbl ldvmwjqjblb+ ]k ajn÷wcac vmfmnbm |}m pmv¥ gjfm w} pvcpjc pmkwlejmkrc gcec lndc mkavmkrlbc l ncw hìfjrcw emkrlnmw bm nl elzcvål bm w}w gckgj}¥ blblkcw+ Ncdcw mw }kl plnlfvl a}kblemkrln bm nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl. bm rcbl ajncwcaål+ Rjmkm }k wjdkjaj¥ glbc bm eÿnr jp nm w elrjgmw9 pmvc rln qm mn gmkrvc bm mnncw mw ©nc |}m mn hcefvm hlfnl¹+ Wm w}pckm |}m mwl qc |}m mejrmk ncw wmvmw h}elkcw z gck nl |}m mxpvmwlk w}w mxpmvjmkgjlw. bmwmcw. pmkwlejmkrcw.  p}mbm wmv mkrmkbjbl wmv mkrmkbjbl pcv crvcw+ Mn ncdcw }km l ncw

hcefvmw mk }kl gce}kjblb bm wjdkjajglbcw9 rvl¥ b}gm mk wckjbcw nl mxpmvjmkgjl |}m rmkmecw bm nc vmln z. ln ej wec rjmepc. bmwg}fvm z wjkrmrjl nl w}¥  p}mwrl ©wj dkj ajg lg j÷ k¹ bm nc |}m kcw vcbml+

Ncw hcefvmw wck rmwrjdcw. gck w}w plnlfvlw. bm mwm crvc ncdcw ©gceÿk¹ |}m. gcec vlgjcklnjblb. elkjajmwrl nl avlrmvkjblb gck nl klr}vlnml+ ]kl mx¥  pmvjmkgjl |}m kcw jkbjgl nl }kjblb cg}nrl mk nl lpl¥ vmkrm bjqmvwjblb bm nlw gcwlw (avld+ =0*+ Kc bmwg}¥  fvjv mwl }kjblb mw mn dvlqm mvvcv bm ©nl elzcvål bm ncw hcefvmw |}m kc pjmkwlk mk nlw gcwlw gck nlw |}m wm mkg}mkrvlk. z wj nlw lpvmkbmk. kc nlw mkrjmk¥ bmk. wjkc |}m wm lamvvlk l w}w pvcpjlw cpjkjckmw¹ (avld+ <4*+ Plvmgm Plvmgm |}m |}m Hmvìg nj rc jkr}zm l|} å mn e}k bc jkrmvjcv |}m ql g}loìkbcwm mk ncw wmvmw h}el¥ kcw z |}m mwrì gckbjgjcklbc pcv nlw wjr}lgjckmw hjwr÷vjglw. wcgjlnmw. alejnjlvmw. |}m l glbl }kc nm hl rcglbc qjqjv+ Hmvìgnjrc hlfnl bm ncw hcefvmw bm w} rjmepc9 wm vmajmvm l mnncw m jkrmkrl hlgmvnmw qmv ncw pcwjfnmw mvvcvmw bm ncw |}m wm lnjemkrlk+ ]kl gckgjmkgjl gvår jgl z. ln ejwec rjmepc. }kl }kl gckgjmk gjl mb}glrj¥ ql z vmacvelbcvl+ Gcec wj mn ncdcw a}mvl }kl emrl bm nl jkrmnjdmkgjl z bmn pvcdvmwc z }kl vmlnjblb   pvmwmkrm mk nlw gcwlw z mk g}zc bmwg}fvjejmkrc m jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k ncw hcefvmw wm }kmk+ ]k lrjwfc bm qmvblb z gnlvjblb avmkrm l nc alnwc z cwg}vc+ ©Mn   pmkwlejmkrc mw gceÿk l rcbcw¹ (avld+ <<7*. kc   p}mbm plvlnjlvwm mk w}w mvvcvmw+ Mk }k avldemkrc |}m e}mwrvl nl cvjdjklnjblb bm w} pmkwlejmkrc kcw bjvì bj vì ©mn lnel mw gcec }kl plnlfv l (L+÷zcd* (L+÷zcd* |}m |}m gvmgm  pcv wå ejwel¹ (avld+ <<=*+ Hlz |}m pvcg}vlv |}m mwm gvmgjejmkrc z mwm bmwlvvcnnc nc wml bm qmvblb+

6+ Nl lveckål bm bm ncw gckrvlv gckrvlvjcw jcw … ]kc z nc ejwec mw nc qjqjmkrm z nc |}m e}mvm. nc nc

bmwpjmvrc |}m nc bcvejbc. nc ocqmk |}m nc qjmoc¹ (avld+ 88*+ Mwrl lplvmkrm cpcwjgj÷k |}m vmwjbm. wc¥   fvm rcbc. mk mn nmkd}lom |}m nl mxpvmwl. e}mwrvl g÷¥ ec glbl }kc bm mwcw rêvejkcw cp}mwrcw nc wck bm }kl vmlnjblb |}m qjqm pmvc |}m mwrì e}vjmkbc. |}m mw ocqmk pmvc |}m mwrì mkqmomgjmkbc+ Mn nmkd}lom ejvl nc vmln bmwbm mwlw gckrvlvjlw pmvwpmgrjqlw. pm¥ vc nl klr}vlnml kc mkrjmkbm bm mnnlw z kcw bl w} nmggj÷k bm }kjblb+ Pcv mwc ©mn glejkc g}mwrl lvvjfl z g}mwrl lfloc mw }kc z nc ejwec¹ (avld+ 10*+ Mk mamgrc. rcbc mw g}mwrj÷k bm |}jmk nc lkbm+ Nl vmlnj¥ blb. mk mwrm glwc mwm glejkc. mw jkbjamvmkrm l w}w glejklkrmw+ Wck nlw plnlfvlw z mn hcefvm ncw |}m vmnlrjqjlk nc vmln+ ]k ejwrmvjcwc avldemkrc kcw pvmwmkrl crvc rjpc bm cpcwjgjckmw+ ©Bjcw mw bål kcghm. jkqjmvkc qm

Hmvìgnjrc+ Bmrlnnm bm nl Mwg}mnl bm Lrmklw bm Vlalmn Wlkgjc+

|}m wm hlgm ©lveckål gcec mk mn lvgc c mk nl njvl¹ (avld+ =<*+ Rmkwjckmw |}m bjwplvlk nl wlmrl hlgjl mn nlbc gckrvlvjc gckrvl vjc l nl elkc |}m rmkwl. rmkwl. c mn wckjbc bm mwl njvl lveckjlbc mk nlw cwgjnlgjckmw bm w}w g}mvblw+ L v e c k å l wjdkjajgl mk dvjmdc ©}kj÷k¹. ©mkwle¥   fnlom¹+ ]k e}kbc nnmkc bm cpcwjgjckmw |}m. wjk meflvdc. wm lveckjlk z gcko}dlk+ Mw gjmvrc |}m mwrl jkr}jgj÷k bm nl bjqmvwjblb gckrvlp}mwrl vmgcvvm ncw avldemkrcw bm Hmvìgnjrc9 pmvc mk mn vmgckcgj¥ ejmkrc bm rlnmw cpcwjgjckmw mkgckrvlecw }k k}mqc gckgmprc? nl pcwjfjnjblb+ Nl lveckål bmn e}kbc w}vdm bm mwcw mkg}mkrvcw+ Z l}k|}m nl ©vl÷k¹. mn ©cvbmk¹ z nl ©lveckål¹ wmlk mn ecemkrc bm mwrl¥   fjnjblb z pmvamggj÷k. ncw ©w}gmwcw¹ bmn e}kbc. an}¥ zmkbc mk mn rjmepc. wm mwglplk ln lglflejmkrc jk¥ embjlrc. l rcbl ecemkrìkml gnl}w}vl+ Mn e}kbc kc mw w÷nc nc vmln. nlw w}p}mwrlw gcwlw jke÷qjnmw c ajolw. ncw w}gmwcw zl bmrmvejklbcw9 mn e}kbc mw rlefjêk nc pcwjfnm. z mwrl pcwjfjnjblb  mwrì zl pvm¥ wmkrm mk mn o}mdc bm ncw cp}mwrcw. mk nlw ©lplvmk¥ rmw¹ z wjmepvm lveckjlblw gckrvlbjggjckmw+ ©Pcv mwc hlz |}m wlfmv |}m nl d}mvvl d}mvvl mw rcbc. |}m nl

vlkc. d}mvvl pl. wlgjmblb wlgjmblb hlefvm+ Nm plwl gc

o}wrjg o}wrjgjl jl mw bjwgvmplkgjl bjwgvmplkgjl z |}m rcbc lgckrmgm km

ec ln a}mdc |}m g}lkbc wm emgnl gck mn jkgjmk jkgj mk

gmwlvjlemkrm pcv mwl n}ghl¹ (avld+ 80*+ ]kl n}¥ ghl |}m. wjk meflvdc. rjmkbm l nl pl. bm nl ejwel acvel |}m nlw bjwgvmplkgjlw cvjdjklk nl o}wrjgjl+ Crvc avldemkrc kcw jkbjgl |}m ©mw kmgmwlvjc

wc rcel mn kcefvm bm nl avldlkgjl |}m bmwpjbm¹ (avld+ 14*+ ]k a}mdc |}m rvlkwacvel nl elrmvjl z |}m mw momepnc bm mwl bjqjkjblb |}m rcbc nc jd}lnl z |}m mw+ rlefjêk. gcec mn ncdcw. mxpvmwj÷k bm w} }kjblb+ Pmvc mwl }kjblb mw bm ©rmkwjckmw cp}mwrlw¹

|}m mn p}mfnc n}ghm n}ghm pcv nl nl nmz gcec pcv w}w e}

bmwg}fvjecw. }kl qm eìw. vlnnlw¹ (avld+ 22*+ L|} å bmwg}fvjecw.

mwl ejvlbl vmlnjwrl |}m glvlgrmvjl l rcbl nl ajnc¥ wcaål dvjmdl+ Hmvìgnjrc gceplvl mwl lfwrvlgrl n}¥ ghl pcv nl nmz gck lndc gckgvmrc bm nc |}m w}w gck¥ gj}blblkcw rmkålk gckrjk}l mxpmvjmkgjl? nl n}ghl  pcv nlw e}vlnnlw+ Nl e}vlnnl z nl nmz gcec bcw el¥ kjamwrlgjckmw bm wmd}vjblb lkrm nl qjcnmkgjl. nl lv¥   fjrvlvjmblb z nl d}mvvl+

7+ Mn våc |}m |}m kcw kcw nnmql \}jì nl jeldmk eìw alecwl bm Hmvìgnjrc plvl mx¥   pvmwlv mn an}jv gckrjk}c bm nlw gcwlw wml nl bm mwm vå c ©ln ©ln |}m wj mkrvlecw mw wjmepvm bjwrjkrl bjwrjkrl mn

ld}l |}m gcvvm¹ (avld+ <6*+ Mwrl gceplvlgj÷k bmn jkgmwlkrm glefjc wm gckbmkw÷ mk }kl a÷ve}nl (orìqxl dmr %©rcbc an}zm¹%*. |}m kc mkgckrvlecw mkrvm w}w avldemkrcw cvjdjklnmw. pmvc |}m plvmgm jkbjglv bm elkmvl lfwrvlgrl nc |}m nl emrìacvl bmn våc elkjajmwrl+ Zl Pnlr÷k. mk mn Gvlrjnc (206 l* gcemkrl? ©Mk ln¥ dÿk n}dlv bjgm Hmvìgnjrc |}m rcbc wm e}mqm (orìqxl XCO\mn* z  klbl pmvelkmgm. z gceplvlkbc l ncw wmvmw gck nl gcvvjmkrm bm }k våc. lülbm? kc pcbvålw w}emv  djvrm bcw qmgmw mk mn ejwec våc¹+ Pvcflfnmemkrm. mwl gceplvlgj÷ k bm bm ncw wmvmw z mn våc mxpnjglvål crvl ql¥ vjlkrm bmn avldemkrc |}m gjrl }k mwgvjrcv bmn wjdnc J b+ bm G. nnlelbc. pcv gjmvrc. rlefjêk Hmvìgnjrc? ©kcw emrmecw z kc kcw emrmecw mk ncw ejwecw våcw9 wcecw z  kc wcecw¹ (2: l*+ Mwrl ÿnrjel mxpvm¥ wj÷k. rlk ecbmvkl. wcecw z  kc wcecw. rln qm mvl zl av}rc av}rc bm }kl jkr mvpv mv pvmr mrlgj lgj ÷k mk nl |}m. |}m. wjk meflvdc. meflvdc. kc wm alnwmlfl mn pmkwlejmkrc bm Hmvìgnjrc+

2+ Mn a}mdc a}mdc mwgckbjbc z mn lnel Gcec ncw våcw wjmepvm mk ecqjejmkrc. mn a}mdc mw rlefjêk crvc mnmemkrc |}m e}mwrvl mn ackbc jkmw¥ rlfnm bm nl vmlnjblb? ©Mwrm gcwecw. mn ejwec plvl rcbcw. kc nc hjc kjkdÿk bjcw kj kjkdÿk hcefvm wjkc |}m a}m. mw z wmv w mvì ì a}mdc wjmepvm qjqc. |}m wm

mkgjmkbm z lpldl wmdÿk embjbl¹ (avld+ 70*+ Mw l jbml bm }k a}mdc |}m oleìw wm mxrjkd}m mwrlfnmgm nåejr mw z cvdlkjl cvdlkjl mn e}kbc+ e}kbc+ Nl jkr}jg j÷k bmn a}mdc gcec gvmlbcv bm qjbl mxpvmwlfl rlefjêk mn lwce¥   fvc lkrm mwl acvel bm wmv lvbjmkrm z lvvcnnlb}vl bckbm. pcv bmfloc bm nlw gcwlw z w} lplvjmkgjl. wm bmwg}fvål mn lnjmkrc bmn ejwrmvjc+ Pcv mnnc. mn a}mdc mw rlefjêk n} z mxpvmwl nl jkrmnjdmkgjl? ©mn a}mdc mw jkrmnjdmkrm z gl}wl gl}wl bm nl cvdl cv dlkj kj lg l gj ÷k bm bm rcb rcblw

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P jr ì d c v l w b m W l e c w ]k alecwc rmcvmel hl hmghc |}m glwj mk ncw pvj¥ emvcw plwcw bm k}mwrvl acvelgj÷k mk nl mwg}mnl rvcpmgmecw zl gck mn kcefvm bm Pjrìdcvlw9 wjk wj k meflvdc. w} mxjwrmkgjl mwrì vcbmlbl bm ejwrmvjc+ Pnlr÷k plvmgm mqjrlv w} kcefvm z mn ejwec Lvjwr÷¥ rmnmw hlfnl bm ©ncw nnlelbcw pjrld÷vjgcw¹+ Mw qmv¥ blb blb |}m mn glvìgrmv bm mwg}mnl c wmgrl. lejdl bm wm¥ gvmrcw z gckwpjvlgjckmw. bmfj÷ bm jkan}jv mk mwl kjmfnl mwpmwl mk rcvkc ln elmwrvc z l ncw w}zcw+ Ncw mwr}bjcwcw bm nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl hlfnlk bmn pcc wjk ackbc bmn ©pjrldcvjwec¹+ W}pckmecw |}m |}m mxjwrj÷ }k pmvwcklom gck mwm kcefvm |}m klgj÷ mk rcvkc ln =40 l+ bm G+ mk Wlecw+ Hmvìgnjrc nc emkgjckl mk }kc bm w}w avldemkrcw? ©Pjrìdcvlw. hjoc bm Ekmwlvgc. pvlgrjg÷ nl jkqmwrjdlgj÷k (åcRC0Åv~q* eìw |}m rcbcw ncw crvcw hcefvmw. z mwgcdjmkbc bm mwrcw mwgvjrcw hjc plvl wå }kl mwpmgjm bm wlfjb}vål alvvldcwl z }kl elnl lvrjelül¹ (avld+ <6:*+ Wlfmecw |}m bmwbm Wlecw mejdv÷ ln w}v bm Jrl¥ njl z |}m wm mwrlfnmgj÷ mk Gvcrckl+ Pcvajvjc. mk nl Qjbl bm Pjrìdcvlw (BI <28l*. hlfnl bm w} nnmdlbl l mwl mwl gj}blb. mk nl |}m a}kb÷ }kl mwpmgjm bm gce}kj¥ blb. bckbm kc w÷nc wm g}nrjqlvck bjwrjkrcw wlfmvmw gcec nl elrmeìrjgl. wjkc |}m. lbmeìw. mwr}qc elvglbl pcv pvìgrjglw wmgvmrlw. |}m bmwrlglflk eìw mn glvìgrmv bmn mxrvlüc a}kblbcv+ Rmwrjeckjcw lkrjd}cw hlfnlk bm |}m Pjrìdcvlw mvl bmwgmkbjmkrm |}m pcb ål hlgmvwm hlgmvwm pvmwmkrm pvmwmkrm ln ejwec bm Lp cn c z bm |}m rjmepc mk bjwrjkrcw n}dlvmw+ Rcbc mwrc vcbmlfl ln   pmvwcklom bm }kl nmzmkbl ln plvmgmv lnmolbl bm nl jkqmwrjdlgj÷k gjmkråajgl z pvcpjl eìw fjmk bm mwl lbejvlgj÷k |}m. mkrvm w}w lbmprcw. pvcqcglk gjmv¥ rcw a}kblbcvmw bm wmgrlw vmnjdjcwlw+ Bm mkrvm nlw kcrjgjlw wcfvm Pjrìdcvlw z ncw w}zcw bmwrlglecw w÷nc bcw? nl pvjemvl wm vmajmvm l nl cv¥ dlkjlgj÷k bm nl qjbl gceÿk vmdjbl pcv pvmgmp rcw vjd}vcwcw+ Bj÷dmkmw Nlmvgjc. mk w} cfvl rjr}nlbl Qjbl bm ncw aþ÷wcacw (QJJJ. <:*. g}mkrl |}m ©pvchjfål gcemv gjmvrcw lnjemkrcw gcec pmgmw z klflw¹ z Pcvajvjc bjgm |}m ©h}ål bm glvkjgmvcw z gllbcvmw z |}m hlfål |}m lfwrmkmvwm bm gcemv wm¥ vmw qjqcw¹ (BI <2:*+ Rlefjêk kcw hlfnl Oìefnjgc. }k kmcpnlr÷kjgc bmn wjdnc JQ b+ bm G. ©bm nl cfnj% … dlg j÷k bm d}lvblv d}lvblv wjnmk gjc wcfvm wcfvm nlw mk wm ül k lw … bmkrvc bm nl wm gr l¹ z mwrm mwrm ejwec ejwec l}rcv l}rcv vmpvcb}gm w ncw ncw ©elkblejmkrcw¹. lnd}kcw vmlnemkrm dvcrmwgcw. ^ l |}m wm wcemrålk ncw pjrld÷vjgcw (BI =8g1*+ Nl cvdlkjlgj÷k ©bcgmkrm¹ mk nl mwg}mnl mvl rlefjêk e}z vådjbl+ Hlfål ln}ekcw lg}weìrjgcw. g}zl cfnjdlgj÷k mvl lpvmkbmv mk wjnmkgjc9 pmvc g}lkbc hlfål k lpvmkbjbc mn wjn mkgjc z nc |}m mn wj % t

Pjrìdcvlw bm Wlecw+ Dvlflbc bmn wjdnc xqjnn+

nmkgjc mkwmül. pcbålk mepmlv l pvmd}krlv z mx¥   pvmwlv nc |}m wmkrålk c pmkwlflk+ Mkrckgmw wm nmw nnlelfl elrmeìrjgcw. pcv|}m ©pcbålk pvca}kbjlv  mk nc |}m lpvmkbålk z mvlk jkwrv}jbcw pcv mnnc mk ncw a}kblemkrcw bm nl gjmkgjl. ncw lg}weìrjgcw mk glefjc lrmkbålk w÷nc l gcepmkbjcw bm njfvcw. wjk   pmkwlv pcv |}ê bmgålk nc |}m bmgålk¹ (Pcvajvjc. Qj Qj bl bm Pjrìdcvlw. 74*+ Mn crvc jepcvrlkrm rmel vmnlgjcklbc gck nl mw¥ g}mnl pjr ld÷v jgl a}m a}m w} lgrjqj lgrjqjblb blb pcnå rjg l+ Hlz rmw¥ rjeckjcw gckrvlbjgrcvjcw wcfvm nlw vlckmw pcv nlw |}m a}mvck mxp}nwlbcw bm Gvcrckl z pmvwmd}jbcw+ ]kcw lajvelk |}m w} mwrjnc bm qjbl. w} ©mnjrjwec¹   pvcqcglfl mn vmghlc bmn p}mfnc z bm ncw dv}pcw bm ecg vìr jg cw 9 crvcw. crvcw. |}m |}m mn vmwmkrjejmkrc vmwmkrjejmkrc bm Gjn÷ k. }k gj}blblkc bm Gvcrckl |}m kc hlfål wjbc lbej¥ rjbc mk nl wmgrl. pvcqcg÷ nl vmq}mnrl pcp}nlv (Pcv¥ ajvjc. Qjbl bm Pjrìdcvlw. =2%==*+ Rcblw mwrlw kcrj¥ gjlw bmolk qmv nl mkcvem jepcvrlkgjl |}m ncw  pmkwlbc  pmkwlbcvmw vmw pj rl d÷v jg cw r}qjmvck mk nl pcn årj gl dvjm¥ dvjm¥ dl z. wcfvm rcbc. mk nlw gj}blbmw bmn w}v bm Jrlnjl+ Mwrlw n}ghlw cfnjdlvck ln ejwec Pjrìdcvlw l vmrj¥ vlvwm l Emrlpckrc. gj}blb bckbm e}vj÷ mk mn lüc =00 lpvcxjelblemkrm+

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P l v e ê k j b m w b m M nmn m l ? } k g c ncn c k c j k e c q j n j w rlr l <+ Mk mn mn glvvc bm nl qmvblb qmvblb Ln w}v bm Ülp÷nmw. gmvgl bm Plmwr}e. bckbm rcbl¥ qål wm gckwmvqlk nlw gcn}eklw b÷vjglw bmn rmepnc bm Gmvmw. wm mkg}mkrvl Mnml. nl gj}blb a}kblbl pcv  mejdvlkrmw ockjcw qmkjbcw bm Acgml+ Lnnå klgj÷ Plv eêkj bm w mk rcvkc rcvkc ln lüc =20+ =20+ Plveêkjbmw qjqj÷ mk Mnml gcec }k gcnckc lvjwr÷gvlrl z ©cvdl ©c vdlkj kj ÷ w} gj}blb gc k nmzmw rlk rlk mxgmnmkrmw mxgmnmkrmw |}m. glbl lüc. ncw eldjwrvlbcw hlgålk o}vlv l ncw gj}blblkcw |}m wjmepvm wjmepvm cfvlvå cfv lvålk lk gckacvem gckacvem l mwlw mwlw nmzmw¹ nmz mw¹ ( BI 68L<6*+

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Plveêkjbmw bm Mnml+ Dvlflbc bmn wjdnc xjx+

6+ Mn pv÷ncdc l }k qjlom qjlom Plv eêkj bm w gcep}wc gcep}wc }k pcmel pcmel mk hmx ìemr vc w ln mw¥ mw¥ rjnc hceêvjgc. pmvc w}w pvcrldckjwrlw kc wck L|}j% nmw+ Plrvcgnc c Lzlx. kj gceflrmk o}krc l nlw e}vl¥ nnlw bm Rvczl+ W}w pmvwcklomw wck lplvmkrmemkrm  plgåajgcw? nl Qmvblb. nl O}wrjgjl. nl Cpjkj÷k. mn Gl ejkc. mn Kc%wmv. mn Klgjejmkrc. nl Kmgmwjblb+ Bm mw¥ rm pcmel kcw |}mblk <=1 qmvwcw. |}m hlk nnmdlbc hlwrl kcwcrvcw pcv hlfmvncw jkgn}jbc mk w}w pvcpjlw cfvlw l}rcvmw e}z pcwrmvjcvmw. gcec Wmxrc Mepåvj¥ gc+ Wjepnjgjc. Pvcgnc c Gnmemkrm bm Lnmolkbvål+   Kc kcw bmfm mxrvlülv. wjk meflvdc. |}m Plveê¥ kjbmw mwgvjfjmwm }k pcmel plvl gce}kjglv w} pmk¥ wlejmkrc+ Wjmepvm |}m mwr}bjlecw mwrcw gcejmkcw bm nl ajncwcaål hlz |}m rmkmv pvmwmkrm nl wjr}lgj÷k gckgvmrl bm mwrcw ©l}rcvmw¹+ Nl mwgvjr}vl mvl. gcec hmecw qjwrc. }k bmwg}fvjejmkrc vmgjmkrm plvl ncw dvjmdcw z mwgvjfjv bmfål bm wmv }kl mepvmwl gcepnj¥ glbl+ Ln ejwec rjmepc. rjmepc. mn |}m pvmr mkb ål gce}kjglvwm gce}kjglvwm eìw lnnì bm nl wjepnm gckqmvwlgj÷k bjlvjl. z |}mvål elkjamwrlv w}w mxpmvjmkgjlw jkrmnmgr}lnmw rmkål |}m vmg}vvjv l nlw acvelw rvlbjgjcklnmw. gcec mvl. wcfvm rcbc. mn pcmel êpjgc+ Mw gjmvrc |}m ln }rjnjlv nl acvel êpjgl. nc |}m Plveêkjbmw |}mvål bmgjv pcbål |}mblv gcka}kbjbc mkrvm acve}nlgjckmw eìw lprlw plvl mn nmkd}lom eå¥ rjgc c jkgn}wc vmnjdjcwc |}m plvl nl gchmvmkgjl z vj¥ dcv bm nl ajncwcaål+ Pmvc mwrlw mxjdmkgjlw rjmkmk eìw

|}m qmv gck nlw bm }k nmgrcv pcwrmvjcv. |}m mxjdm bm nl mwgvjr}vl lndc |}m kc pcbål mwrlv mk nl emkrm bm l|}mnncw pjckmvcw bmn wlfmv z nl gjmkgjl+ Mw rlefjêk e}z pcwjfnm |}m mn pmkwlejmkrc lvjwrcgvìrjgc bm Plveêkjbmw }rjnjlwm mwl acvel êpjgl. mk nl |}m wm hlfålk mb}glbc ncw dvjmdcw z |}m mxpvmwlfl mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc mn lwpmgrc eìw ©gckwmvqlbcv¹ bm nl rvlb jgj ÷k+ E} z pvckrc nl rvldmbjl. rvldmbjl. nl gcembjl. nl hjwrcvjl. nlw gckrvcqmvwjlw bm ncw ©bjìncdcw¹ bl¥ vålk plwc l crvcw ecnbmw plvl nl gce}kjglgj÷k bmn pmkwlejmkrc+ Ncw avldemkrcw gckwmvqlbcw bmn pcmel pmvej¥ rmk lbjqjklv |}m wm lvrjg}nlfl mk rvmw plvrmw? }kl mw¥   pmgjm bm jkrvcb}ggj÷k9 }kl mxpcwjgj÷k bm nl qål bm nl qmvblb. z }kl rmvgmvl plvrm |}m rvlrlfl bm nl qål bm nl cpjkj÷k bm ncw ecvrlnmw+ Nl jkrvcb}ggj÷k bmn pcmel kcw w}emvdm mk }kl lre÷wamvl ejwrmvjcwl bckbm }klw zmd}lw rjvlk bmn glvvc mk mn |}m ql mn pcmrl. l |}jmk mwgcnrlk e}ghl¥ ghlw ©hjolw bmn wcn¹? lnnå lplvmgmk }klw p}mvrlw bmn bål z bm nl kcghm. gmvvlblw wjmepvm z g}zlw nnlqmw gckrvcnl nl O}wrjgjl. }kl bjcwl |}m hlfnl+ Mn pmvwc¥ klom |}m nnmdl lkrm mnnl hlgm rlefjêk }k qjlom. pmvc }k qjlom jkrmvjcv e}z lnmolbc zl bmn qldlf}kbc Om% k÷alkmw+ Mn e}kbc bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl kc jepcvrl rlkrc gcec mwrm vmgcvvjbc bckbm mn rmvvjrcvjc |}m lnglklecw wm mxrjmkbm pcv nlw plnlfvlw bm nl bjc¥ wl+ Z mwlw plnlfvlw bjgmk? % |}m mn qjlomvc hl rmkjbc w}mvrm mk nnmdlv hlwrl lnnå. pcv|}m mn glejkc |}m nm hl gckb}gjbc mw¥ rì e}z lplvrlbc bmn |}m hlgmk ncw hcefvmw. % |}m wck nl nmz z nl o}wrjgjl |}jmkmw nm hlk je¥  p}nwlbc pcv mwm glejkc. % |}m hlz }kl qmvblb ©fj mk vmb ck bl ¹ m jkqlvjl¥  fnm. % z |}m |}m nc |}m ncw hcefvmw pjm kwlk kwl k a}mvl bm mwl qmvblb kc rjmkm a}kblemkrc+

7+ Nl qål bm nl qmvblb qmvblb Mn rêvejkc qmvblb |}m qmvblb  |}m gck rlkrl a}mvl lplvmgm mk mn pcmel kc wm a}kbl mk nl mxpmvjmkgjl? ©Mn wmv z mn   pmkwlv wck nl ejwel gcwl¹ (BI 68F7*+ Mwrl lajv¥ elgj÷k ql l gcncglv l nl mwpmg}nlgj÷k ajncw÷ajgl mk mn mxgn}wjqc e}kbc bm nl emkrm |}m qjqm mk w}w   pvcpjcw pvcb}grcw+ Mwrl qmvblb |}m gcec mn wmv wm wmv  wm gjmvvl mk mn gåvg}nc bm nc jkqlvjlfnm z mrmvkc wm cpc¥ km l? Ncw ecvrlnmw |}m klbl wlfmk. |}m lkblk mvvlkrmw. gck bcw

jdm glfmlw. p}mwnl jkglplgjblb|}mlkjblmkw}wpmghcwbjvjd w}emkrm mxr xrvlqjlbl+ Wm qmklvvlwrvlbcw. wcvbcw zgjm jmdcw. mw r}pmalgrcw. gcechcvblwj wjk gvjrm rmvjc l |}jmkmwnmw bl nc ejwec

mn wmv |}m mn kc wmv+

BI 68F1

L pmwlv bm |}m mn pmkwlejmkrc bm Plveêkjbmw wm e}mql mk }k bmrmvejklbc cvbmk jbmln. mwrcw qmvwcw   pmvejrmk. lbmeìw. }kl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k wcgjcn÷djgl |}m kc mvl lomkl l nl jbmcncdål bm ncw lvjwr÷gvlrlw bm Mnml Mn ml + Avmkrm l mwm q}ndc jdkcvlkrm. mn pcmrl |}m vmgc¥ dm mn emkwlom bm nl bjcwl kcw bl }kl lplvmkrm rl}rc¥ ncdål? ©nc |}m mw. mw9 z nc |}m kc mw. kc mw¹+ Pcv w}¥   p}mwrc. mwrm ©pvjkgjpjc¹ bm jbmkrjblb e}mwrvl mn lvvlk|}m bmn pmkwlejmkrc acveln rlk }kjbc l ncw  pnlkrmle  pnlkrmlejmkrcw jmkrcw pjr ld÷v jgc w+ W jk meflvdc. meflvdc. mk mn gck¥ rmxrc mk mn |}m |}m lplvmgm lplvmgm bmol bmol qmv rl efj êk crvc ©pvjkg ©pv jkg j¥  pjc¹ w}pvmec ln |}m ncw ecvrlnmw. ©l |}jmkmw nmw bl nc ejwec mn wmv |}m mn kc wm v¹. rjmkmk |}m wcemrmvwm+ wcemrmvwm+

2+ Nc |}m |}m mw mw mn wmv Mn avldemkrc cgrlqc mk nl mbjgj÷k bm BI mxpckm ncw lrvjf}rcw bm mwm wmv. |}m mw ©jkgvmlbc. jkbmw rv}grjfnm. gcepnmrc. jke÷qjn  z wjkaåk¹+ L}k|}m lpmklw rjmkm wmkrjbc wmülnlv }k mkavmk% rlejmkrc gck nlw jbmlw bm Hmvìgnjrc |}m. e}z pvc¥   flfnmemkrm. kc nnmd÷ l gckcgmv. vmw}mkl mk mwrm wmv  jke÷qjn  }kl vmwp}mwrl ln våc an}zmkrm bmn pmkwlbcv  bm Êamwc? Y]k wmvU |}m kc hl wjbc. kj wmvì. wjkc |}m mw. l nl qm. wjk bjwgckrjk}jblb+ Pcv|}m ³|}ê cvjdmk |}jmvmw f}wglvnm3 ³G÷ec z bm |}ê hlfvål gvmgjbc3 Zc kc rm bmolvål bmgjv kj pmkwlv 

|}m hl wlnjbc bm nc |}m kc mw+ BI 68F8

Ln mwr}bjlv nl ajncwcaål bm Plveêkjbmw kcw wcv¥   pvmkbm mwm bmwg}fvjejmkrc bmn wmv. gcec cfomrc a}kblemkrln bmn pmkwlejmkrc+ Pmvc mwl dvlk lfw¥ rvlggj÷k nc mvl bm nl qjbl+ Mn wmv lw}em wmv lw}em mk wå ejwec rcblw nlw ©elkjamwrl¥ gjckmw¹ bm nc vmln. gcec wj bmkrvc bm nlw gcwlw h}¥  fjmwm }k qåkg }n c |}m |}m ncw w}omrl w}omrl z cvdlkj l+

Wmv z wmv plvl wjmepvm Mn qmvfc wmv. MJQG]. mk w} vlå jkbcm}vcpml |}mvål bm gjv gjv vmwpjvlv. mwrlv qjqc+ Bm lhå plw÷ l wjdkjajglv wmv qj% qc. l rmkmv vmlnjblb pvmwmkrm+ Rln qm pcv mwc Plveê kjbmw lwmd}vl l mwm wmv  hlgjêkbcnm jke÷qjn m jkbmwrv}grjfnm. ln emkcw mk mn pmkwlejmkrc+ pmkwlejmkrc+ Wmv rmkål wmkrjbc bm lndc rvlkwjrcvjc+ Pcv mwc wm lgceplülfl bmn lbqmvfjc wjmepvm ln vmamvjvwm l ncw bjcwmw |}m wck wjmepvm (nnålbl. J. 6:0*+

Mwrc mvl. wjk b}bl. }kl jbml emrlaåwjgl. l}k|}m rln plnlfvl kc mxjwrjmvl lÿk+ Mk mwm wmv eìw wmv  eìw lnnì bm nl phzwjw. wm mkgckrvlflk ncw vlwdcw bm }kl bmrmv¥ ejklbl acvel bm ajncwcalv |}m pcbvålecw vmw}ejv? <+ Wm wjkrmrjl rcbc mn e}kbc bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl z nl vmlnjblb mk }kl mwrv}gr}vl |}m lfwcvfm z mnjejkl rcblw nlw qlvjmblbmw (avld+ 7*+ 6+ Mn wmv mw wmv  mw mn nåejrm bmn pmkwlejmkrc (avld+ 2*. gcec wj rcbc a}mvl c mwr}qjmvl bjghc bm }kl   wcnl qm. z kc a}mvl kmgmwlvjl nl fÿw|}mbl. nl

jkqmwrjdlgj÷k+

7+ Wm w}pmvl nl phzwjw. mn glefjc9 pmvc kc wm kcw bjgm |}ê mw mwm wmv. bm |}ê mwrì hmghc. bm |}ê mwrì nnmkc (avld+ 8*+ 2+ Mn pmkwlejmkrc pmkwlejmkrc wm ©jk rmn mg r}l nj l¹. pmvc. pmvc. ln ejwec rjmepc. plvmgm bmwh}elkjlvwm+ =+ Nl hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål wm ecqmvì bmwbm mkrckgmw mkrvm mwcw bcw wmkbmvcw? }kc |}m nnmql l nl vmlnjblb9 crvc |}m wm |}mbl mk nl emkrm+   Nl qål bm nl cpjkj÷k. |}m Plveêkjbmw emkgjckl rlefjêk mk w} pcmel. wm vmajmvm l ncw cfomrcw bm ncw  wmkrjbcw lflkbcklbcw mk nl qål bm nl qmvblb. |}m w÷nc rvlrl gck cfomrcw bm nl emkrm+ Nl }kj÷k bm le¥   fcw bcejkjcw gckwrjr}zm }k pvcfnmel kc w÷nc mk nlw bcw bcw plvrmw plvrmw bmn pcmel bm Pl ve êk jb mw . wjkc mk rc¥ bl nl ajncwcaål+

_ m k ÷ k b m M nmn m l Mn ajn÷wcac _mk÷k (2:0%270 lpvcxjelblemkrm*. |}jmk a}m bjwgåp}nc bm Plveêkjbmw. plwlvål l nl hjw¥ rcvjl pcv w}w lpcvålw. nlw g}lnmw wm pvmwmkrlflk gc¥ ec }kl gckwmg}mkgjl bm nl gckgmpgj÷k plvemkåbml bmn bm n wmv+ Ncw lvd}emkrcw acve}nlbcw pcv _mk÷k mk bmamkwl bm w} elmwrvc z plvl ©mqjrlv |}m wm vjmvlk bm ên¹ (BI 6:* wm gmkrvlk mk mn pvcfnmel bm nl pn} vlnjblb  q mk mn bmn ecqjejmkrc+ Mk g}lkrc ln pvc¥   fnmel bm nl pn}vlnjblb z nl pmvgmpgj÷k wmkwjfnm. rm%

kmecw lf}kblkrmw rmwrjeckjcw+ ]k momepnc bm mwrm lvd}emkrc mw mn bm ©nl alkmdl bm rvjdc |}m wm q}mn¥ gl z |}m wjk b}bl pvcb}gjvì v}jbc+ Pmvc mkrckgmw rm kb vå lec w |}m |}m cåv lndc g}lkbc glm }k ÿkj gc dvlkc z rlefjêk g}lkbc glzmwm }kl ejnêwjel plvrm bm dvlkc+ N}m dc nl alkmd alkmdll kc gckwjwrm mk }kl e}n rj pn j¥ gjblb¹ (BI 6:L6:*+ Gck vmwpmgrc ln ecqjejmkrc w}vdmk rlefjêk   plvmgjblw gckrvlbjggjckmw+ Wj }k g}mvpc wm bmw%

  pnll bm }k p}krc L l }k p}krc F. mkrckgmw lkrmw lnglklv F bmfmvì lnglklv mn p}krc jkrmvembjc bm lnglklv F ^<+ z lkrmw bm lnglklv  E. rmkbvì |}m plwlv pcv  +Q++ jkrmvembjc mkrvm mkrvm L z E. z lwå hlwrl mn jkajkjrc+ Mn momepnc eìw alecwc bm mwrl lpcvål mw mn bm L|}jnmw ©mn bm ncw pjmw njdmvcw¹ z. pcv rlkrc. mn eìw vìp jb c bm ncw hcefvmw wmd ÿk g}mkrl Hcemv c+ L|}jnmw k}kgl lnglklvì l nl rcvr}dl. mn eìw nmkrc bm ncw lkjelnmw+ Mn mgc bm mwrlw lpcvrlw hl vmwcklbc hlwrl k}mw¥ rvc rjmepc+ Zl Lvjwr÷rmnmw mepvmkbm mk nl Aåwjgl w} vma}rlgj÷k+ Pmvc nl ld}bml bm _mk÷k mn mnmlrl a}m }k mwråe}nc plvl nl elrmeìrjgl z rlefjêk pl¥ vl pnlkrmlv nlw cpcwjgjckmw mkrvm wmkwlgj÷k. mxpm¥ vjmkgjl z vl÷k+

Vmpvmwmkrlgj÷k elrmeìrjgl bm nl lpcvål bm ©L|}jnmw z nl rcvr}dl¹+

Mepêbcgnmw Mw e}z nnlelrjql nl pmvwcklnjblb bm Mepêbcgnmw >2:0%270*+ Nlw kcrjgjlw bm nl qjbl bmn eêbjgc. pcm¥ rl. cvlbcv. bme÷gvlrl. jkdmkjmvc bm Ldvjdmkrc. mk Wj gj nj l. rvlkwejrjblw rvlkwejrjblw wcfvm wcfvm rcbc pcv Bj÷dm km w Nlmv% gi*+ cavmgmk }kl jeldmk |}m hl jkwpjvlbc l nl njrm¥ vlr}vl pcwrmvjcv+ Wjk meflvdc. mwl mxrvlcvbjklvjl  pmvwcklnjblb gcjkgjbm. mk dmkmvln. gck }kl glvlgrm¥ våwrjgl gceÿk l rcbcw ncw dvlkbmw pmvwcklomw bm nl hjwrcvjl dvjmdl lkrmw bm Pnlr÷k+ Rlkrc Lklxjelk¥ bvc gcec Hmvìgnjrc. Omk÷alkmw. _mk÷k. mrgêrmvl. wck wck ©jkbjqjb}cw¹ |}m elvglk mn nmkd}lom z nc |}m mk ên bjgmk gck w} wmnnc pmg}njlv+ Nl ajncwcaål gcejmkl. p}mw. bmwrlglkbc nl a}mvl bm }klw plnlfvlw |}m fvcrlk bm }kl mxjwrmkgjl jkbjqj¥ b}ln. klgjbl mk }kl wcgjmblb bmrmvejklbl z mk }kl bmrmvejklbl hjwrcvjl+ Hcefvmw. p}mw. wjkd}nlvmw |}m vcepmk mn nmkd}lom eårjgc. }kl bm g}zlw glvlgrmvåwrj¥ rmkmv b} mü c. wmv gcnmgrjqc. gcnmgr jqc. plvl mk mwl v}pr}¥ glw mw kc rmkmv bmolv vmwcklv vmwcklv }kl qc pvcpjl pvcpj l m jkbjqj b}ln+ b}l n+ Pmvwckl¥ vl bmolv  omw. bm glvkm z h}mwc. |}m hlgmk w}zc mn nmkd}lom bm nmkd}lom gceÿk. gceÿ k. z bmolk cåv mk ên }k bjwg}vwc ncbcw. mn nmkd}lom ©ajncw÷ajg c¹ |}m hlfnl bm ©crv lw¹ gcwlw bjwrjkrlw bm nlw nlw |}m kcvelnemkrm wm hlfnl+ Bm w}w mwgvjrcw kcw |}mblk =00 qmvwcw. avldemkrcw bm bcw pcmelw+ Mn pvjemvc rvlrlfl. gcec mw }w}ln mk mwrcw ©ajn÷wcacw¹. bm nl klr}vlnml+ M n crvc mwgvjrc hl% … fjl mk }k rckc eåwrjgc. bm p}vjajglgjckmw+ Mk mn pvjemvc bm mnncw wm rjmkm mk g}mkrl mn pvcfnm% d el pnlkrmlbc pcv Plveêkjbmw wcfvm mn wmv z w} }kj% wcfvm nl jepcwj fjnj blb bm |}m lndc w}vol bmn kc  o blb+ z wcfvm q v + c jkgn}wc bm |}m p}mbl bmwl bmwlplv plvmgm mgmv+ v+ Mwrl lfwrvlg% $ gj÷jj råpjgl bmn mnmlrjwec mnmlrj wec kc nm jepjbm. wjk w jk meflvdc. vm¥ |}m nl cfwmvqlg j÷k wmkwjfnm bm nl kl¥ gcfvlv mn jep}nwc |}m r}vlnml hlfål blbc ln pmkwlejmkrc bm ncw ©pvjemvcw

|}m ajncwcalvck¹ mk Ejnmrc c mk Êamwc+ Mepêbcgnmw gcepldjkl gcepldj kl mwl rmwjw rmwjw bmn wmv. |}m ên nnlel ©mwamvl ¹. gck }kl bmamkwl bm nl jepcvrlkgjl bm ncw wmkrjbcw? Nl ©mwamvl¹ ©mwamv l¹ jbmlbl pcv Mepê bc gn mw l wmemolk wmemolkl l bm mwm wmv ©vmbckbc¹ bm Plveêkjbmw. gckrmel mk wå ejw¥ el ncw g}lrvc mnmemkrcw %ljvm. a}mdc. rjmvvl. ld}l% |}m mvlk nlw vlågmw bm rcbc+ Pcv mwc kc hlz qlgåc kj lkj |}jn lgj ÷k+ Rcbc nc |}m |}m mxjwrm mxjwrm kc mw wjkc vmw}nrlbc vmw}nrlbc bm emgnl z wmplvlgj÷k bm mwcw mnmemkrcw. |}m wjmepvm  pmvelkmgmk pcv e}ghc |}m nlw gcwlw wm e}bmk+ …

Mn lecv z mn cbjc

Mn ecqjejmkrc bm nl vmlnjblb kc wm bmfm l pvjkgj¥   pjcw jkmvrmw |}m glw}lnemkrm gcjkgjbjmwmk+ ]kl bm nlw jbmlw eìw w}dmwrjqlw bm Mepêbcgnmw mw w} bmw¥ g}fvjejmkrc bmn lecv  z mn cbjc gcec ecrcvmw bmn e}kbc+ Bcw pvjkgjpjcw |}m elkjajmwrlk mwl mxpm¥ vjmkgj l bm ncw wmvm wmvmww h}elkcw9 h}elkcw9 mwl jk gn jk lgj ÷k c vm¥ ghlc |}m wmkrjecw z bckbm wm mxpvmwl mn cvjdmk bm nc |}m }km c bmw}km mk nl klr}vlnml+ Mk mn jepmvjc bmn lecv |}m lecv  |}m vmjkl mk nl ©mwamvl¹ z |}m gckwrjr}zm mn ecemkrc bm mwrlfjnjblb z bm  pnmkjr}b. p}mbm w}vdjv mn cbjc |}m bjwdvmdl z gcvvce¥  pm+  pm+ Mep êbc gn mw mwrlfnmgm mwrlfnmgm }kl mwpmgj mwpmgjmm bm bjlnêgr jgl mk mwrl n}ghl mk nl |}m mwrcw bcw pvjkgjpjcw cp}mw¥ rcw mwrìk mepmülbcw+ Pcv  bjlnêgrjgl mkrmkbmecw mwl rmkwj÷k |}m mkrvmnll z wmplvl mn ecqjejmkrc bm nl vmlnjblb z |}m kmgmwjrl mn lecv  c mn vmghlc  plvl blv qjbl z pvcdvmwc l mwl rmkwj÷k+ Mn bmwg}fvjejmkrc bmn lecv  gcec a}mkrm bm

gvmlrjqjblb mw }kl lpcvrlgj÷k a}kblemkrln mk nl qjwj÷k bmn e}kbc |}m Mepêbcgnmw kcw rvlkwejrm+ Zl mk ncw cvådmkmw bm nl g}nr}vl dvjmdl lplvmgm nl

gpjL}x. nl lejwrlb c mn lecv. gcec }kl a}mvl |}m lvvlwrvl l rcbcw ncw wmvmw z |}m. mk ncw h}elkcw. lb|}jmvm w}w elkjamwrlgjckmw eìw wcvpvmkbmkrmw+ ]k jep}nwc |}m e}mqm m jkgn}wc mnjdm. |}m bmwml z lw}em. z bmwbm mn |}m nc crvc mepjml l jkgcvpc¥ vlvwm mk nl pvcpjl ejwejblb z l wmv a}mkrm bm lnm¥ dvål z bm jkrmnjdmkgjl+ Mk nlw P}vjajglgjckmw mw zl bjwrjkrc mn rckc z mn gckrmkjb c bm nc |}m |}m kcw bjgm + Plvmgm eìw gck acvem gck nl eåwrjg l ÷vajg c%pj rld÷v jgl bckbm o}mdl }k pl¥   pmn jepcvrlkrm mn lnel. w}w rvlkwejdvlgjckmw z w} bmwrjkc+ Pmvc. l pmwlv bm rcblw mwlw jkan}mkgjlw. hlz mk nl gckgmpgj÷k bmn lnel bm Mepêbcgnmw vlwdcw ©mepåvjgcw¹ z ©vlgjcklnmw¹ |}m mn ejwec Lvjwr÷rm¥ nmw bjwg}rj÷+ Mwlw lnelw |}m rvlkwejdvlk lgmprlk rlefjêk }kl lveckål z pvcpcvgj÷k gck ncw crvcw wmvmw+ Hlz }k qåkg}nc |}m w}omrl rcbc z |}m hlgm bm nl klr}vl¥ nml }kl a}mvl wldvlbl bm nl |}m ncw wmvmw h}el¥ kcw wck plvrm z g}zl lveckål mw av}rc bmn lecv+

V}jklw bmn rmepnc bm Hmvlgnmw mk Ldvjdmkrc (Wjgjnjl*. plrvjl

bm Mepêbcgnmw+

L k l x ì d c v l w ? m n w l f jcj c b m w rmr m vvv v l b c Ncw pjrld÷vjgcw a}mvck mxp}nwlbcw bm Gvcrckl   pcv w}w pvìgrjglw. ln plvmgmv. pcgc bmecgvìrjglw9   pmvc mn pvjemv blrc hjwr÷vjgc gckgvmrc |}m rmkm¥ ecw bm }k ajn÷wcac bmwrmvvlbc mw mn bm Lklxìdc% vlw+ Hlfål klgjbc mk rcvkc ln lüc =00 lkrmw bm Gvjwrc mk Gnl÷emklw. gcnckjl dvjmdl mk mn dcnac bm Mwejvkl. mk Lw jl Emkcv+ Gc k ên. nl ajncwca ål   ockjl plwl l Lrmklw. bckbm nc mkgckrvlecw hlgjl mn lüc 210. gcec lejdc bm Pmvjgnmw z M}våpjbmw+ L}k|}m kc jkrmvqjkc bjvmgrlemkrm mk nl pcnårjgl. w}w w}w jbmlw jbmlw wcfvm wcfvm lwrv ck ceål z ncw amk÷ emk cw gmnmw¥ rmw a}mvck gl}wl bm }kl lg}wlgj÷k bm jepjmblb+ Nl lw rv ckc eål. g cec mk mn glwc bm Dlnjn mc. plvmgm |}m |}m hl wjbc rmel pmnjdvcwc plvl ajn÷wcacw z gjmkråajgcw+ Lklxìdcvlw plvrm. gcec nc hjgjmvck ncw mnml% rlw. bm nl jbml bm |}m kc mw pcwjfnm |}m lndc rmkdl }k cvjdmk c }k ajk? ©ncw dvjmdcw kc wlfmk fjmk nc |}m mw klgmv kj pmvmgmv+ Klbl klgm kj pmvmgm. wjkc |}m l plvrjv bm nc |}m mxjwrm wm cvjdjklk gcefjkl gjckmw z wmplvlgjckmw¹ (BI =:F<4*+ Pcv gckwj¥ d}jmkrm. rjmkm |}m hlfmv mk mn e}kbc bm nlw gcwlw d elrmvjlnmw }kl }kjblb cvjdjklvjl mk nl |}m mwrì d

rcbc+

= ¤ & /

Mn pvcfnmel vmnlrjqc l nl }kjblb z pn}vlnjblb |}m rlkrc hl få l pvmcg }plb c l ncw lkrmgmwcvmw bm Lkl xìd cvl w mkg}mk mkg}mkrvl rvl rlefjêk }kl }kl mxpnjgl gj÷k bmkr bmkrvc vc bm w} rmcvål bm nlw nlw ©wmejnnl w¹ (c oj êd pl xl * bm nlw gcwlw. nlw g}lnmw w}fzlgmk mk mn ackbc bm rcblw rcblw mnnlw ?

Mk nl ejwel wmejnnl hlz pmncw. }ülw. qmklw. lvrmvjlw. kmv¥ qjcw. h}mwcw+ h}mwcw+ Y+++U Mk mamgrc mamgrc ³g÷ec wm dmkmvl dm kmvlvål vål pmnc bm nc |}m kc nc mw. z glvkm bm nc |}m kc mw glvkm3 Z hlgål mwrl lajvelgj÷k kc w÷nc lgmvgl bm ncw g}mvpcw wjkc bm ncw gcnc¥ vmw+ P}mw hlz kmdvc mk nc fnlkgc z fnlkgc mk nc kmdvc+ BI =:F<0

Nc w mnmemkrc mnmemkrcww kc wck g}lrvc g}lrvc %g cec gv mål M epê ¥ bcgnmw%. wjkc jkajkjrcw. rlkrc gcec nlw gcwlw |}m mxjw rmk. jklnrmvlfnmw gcec pm|}müåwjecw dêvemkmw bm nc |}m rcbc fvcrl+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw ncw nnle÷ hcecjcemvålw. jkrmkrlkbc jkrmkrlkbc pvmgjwlv pvmgjwlv gck mwrm mwrm rêvej rê vej kc nc |}m |}m Lkl xì dc¥ dc ¥ vlw |}mvål bmgjv. z wmdÿk nc g}ln nc wmemolkrm wm }km l nc wmemolkrm z nc |}m kc nc mw wm wmplvl z bjwrlkgjl+ …

Mn kc}w

Rln qm nc eìw alecwc alecwc bm Lkl xìdc xì dcvl vl w a}m a}m w} gckgmp¥ gj÷k bmn kc}w c jkrmnjdmkgjl+ Mw }k pvjkgjpjc bm cvbmk. gcec }kl mwpmgjm bm lecv. plvmgjbc ln bm Mepêbc¥ gnmw. pmvc njfvm zl bm g}ln|}jmv mnmemkrc eårjgc9 }k lecv ©jkrmnmgr}ln¹ |}m nl cvdlkjlgj÷k bmn gcwecw jep}nwl+ Mn kc}w mwrì mw rì njfvm bm mwlw mwlw jkajkjrlw plv råg }nl w. wmejnnlw bm rcbc+ Mxjwrm pcv wå ejwec. mw jkbmpmk¥ bjmkrm (ìrORCX\lrvjd*. mrmvkc z n}ejkcwc+ ©Pcv|}m wj mwr}qjmvl emgnlbc gck lndc rmkbvål |}m rmkmv plvrm plvrm bm rcbcz nlw gcwlw emgnlblw emgnlblw gck mwm Kc}w nm

jepmbjvålk |}m p}bjmvl bcejklvnlw gcec nc hlgm ln wmv w÷nc ên pcv wå ejwec¹ (BI =:F<6*

N c w ì r c e c w ? N m } g jp c z B m e ÷ g v jr c <+

Nm}gjpc

…

Nm}gjpc bm Mnml c bm Ejnmrc %p}mw bm ncw bcw wjrjcw wm bjgm |}m mvl% mwr}qc mk gckrlgrc gck nl ajncwcaål bm Plveêkjbmw. pmvc kc wjd}j÷. wj d}j÷. gck vmwpmgrc vmwpmgrc l ncw wmvmw. wmvmw. w} ejwec ejwec glejkc. e mn bm Omk÷alkmw Omk÷ alkmw.. wjkc |}m. pcv nc |}m |}m plvmgm. plvmgm. eìw fjmk mn gckrvlvjc+ P}mw ejmkrvlw |}m l|}ênncw gckwjbmvlflk ln rc bc. }kc+ jke÷qjn. jkgvmlbc z njejrlbc. z kc gckwjkrjmvck nl

 fÿw|}mbl bm nc |}m kc mw. Nm}gjpc wcwr}qc |}m hlz jkajkjrcw Lemkrcw %ncw ìrcecw% wjmepvm mk ecqjejmkrc. lülbjmkbc |}m w}w acvelw wck jkajkjrlw z |}m kc hlz vl÷k plvl |}m }k ìcec rmkdl }kl acvel z kc crvl. ln blvwm g}mkrl bm |}m nl  dêkmwjw z mnglefjc mn glefjc bm ncw wmvmw wmvmw mvl jkgmwlkrm+ Lajve÷ lbm¥ n lw |}m mn kc%wmv mxjwrm kc%wmv mxjwrm rlkrc gcec mn wmv z wmv z |}m lefcw wck gl}wl bm nlw gcwlw |}m nnmdlk l wmv+ W}p}wc |}m nl klr}vlnml ìm ncw ìrcecw mvl gceplgrl z pnmkl z |}m mwc mvl mn wmv+ Mwcw ìrcecw wm ecqålk mk mn qlgåc. |}m nnlelflk mn kc%wmv+ Bmnl Bm nl ejwel ejwel elkm elkmvl vl w} gceplümv gcepl ümvcc Bme÷gvjrc Bme÷gv jrc bm Lfbmvl mwrlfnmgj÷ gcec pvjkgjpjcw nc nnmkc z nc qlgåc+ BI 14L8

Bjaågjnemkrm wm p}mbm hlgmv }kl wåkrmwjw eìw gjlvl bm nc |}m gckwrjr}zm mn kÿgnmc a}kblemkrln bmn bmn lrcejwec. mk w} vmnlgj÷k gck nl ajncwcaål lkrm% njcv+ Mn rmxrc mw avldemkrc bm }kl cfvl pmvbjbl bm Rmcav Rmcavlwrc lwrc++ mn bjwg åp} nc bm Lvjwr ÷rm nmw + Pmvc mk ên ên wm pnlkrml. lbmeìw. mn pvcfnmel bm ncw bcw gvmlbcvmw bm mwrl bcgrvjkl gck nl |}m g}nejkl rcbl nl ajncwcaål ©rmkcv l Pnlr÷k+ Mamgrjqlemkrm. wm hlfnl bm Nm}gjpc gcec elmw rvc bm Bme÷gvjrc. pmvc kc hlz lpmklw blrcw wcfvm  w} qjbl z cfvl m jkgn}wc wm nnmdl l b}blv hlwrl bm w}

Nl rmc vål bm ncw ncw ìr ce cw

Nl rmcvål bm ncw ìrcecw lkrjgjpl }kc bm ncw glpår}ncw eìw lplwjcklkrmw bm nl aåwjgl ecbmvkl+ Bme÷gvjrc. rmkjmkbc mk g}mkrl nl gckgmpgj÷k bm mwm wmv bm wmv bm Plv¥ eêkjbmw. jke}rlfnm z mrmvkc. pvmgjwl. wjk meflvdc. wmv gckwjwrm mk jkajkjrcw wmvmw % ì r c e c w % ync |}m mwm wmv |}m kc p}mbm bjqjbjvwm eìw* z gck ncw |}m |}jmvm mx¥   pnjglv mn e}kbc bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl z mn klgjejmkrc. e}nrjpnjgjblb z pmvmgmv bm nlw gcwlw+ Ncw ìrcecw bm mwl e}nrjpnjgjblb kc mwrìk cvdl¥ kjlbcw bmwbm g}lnjblbmw bjamvmkrmw %nl rjmvvl. mn lj¥ vm. mn a}mdc%. wjkc |}m. wjmkbc g}lnjrlrjqlemkrm km}rvcw. wm bjwrjkd}mk w÷nc mk nl acvel. mn cvbmk z nl wjr}lgj÷k+ Ncw ìrcecw wm plvmgmk. p}mw. ln wmv bm wmv bm Plveêkjbmw. pcv w} glvìgrmv bm mrmvkcw. jkgcvv}prj¥   fnmw. jkgvmlbcw z pcv kc wmv pmvgjfjbcw pcv ncw wmk¥ rjbcw. wjkc pcv nl emkrm+ Plvl |}m mwcw ìrcecw wm e}mqlk kmgmwjrlk mn qlgåc. bckbm bmwpnllvwm z cv¥ bmklvwm+ Pcv nl pcwjgj÷k z acvel mk |}m cg}plk mwm qlgåc. ncw ìrcecw bjqmvwjajglk z cvdlkjlk w}w ec¥ qjejmkrcw+ Lwå wm cvjdjkl z gckajd}vl mn e}kbc. k}mwrvc e}kbc |}m mw }kc bm ncw jkajkjrcw e}kbcw   pcwjfnmw+ Mwl jkajkjr}b z mwl pcwjfjnjblb  }kjbl l nl jbml bm qlgåc. m|}jqlnmkrm ln kc%wmv. lfvm nl p}mvrl bm mwl qål bm nl cpjkj÷k %bm nc |}m mw z kc mw%. |}m |} m hlfål |}mblbc gmvvlbl gck nl kmdlgj÷k bm Plveê%

mxjwrmkgjl+

6+ Bme÷gvjrc bm bm Lfbmvl Lfbmvl Rmkmecw lf}kblkrmw kcrjgjlw bm Bme÷gvjrc. klgjbc mk Lfbmvl mk rcvkc ln lüc 240+ Lfbmvl hlfål wjbc agkblbl pcv gcnckcw ockjcw mk nlw nlw gcwrlw bm Rvlgjl+ Wlfmecw rlefjêk |}m qjlo÷ pcv Mdjprc z Cvjmkrm. pm¥ vc |}m |}m vmdv mw÷ l w} gj}blb klrln. bckbm bckbm wm bmbj g÷ l nl …kmwrjdlgj÷k+ E}vj÷ gck eìw bm kcqmkrl lücw+ Gc ec w}w w}w lüc w. rl efjê k a}mvck a}mvck e}ghcw e}ghcw w}w w}w mwgvj% ~ ncw+ Gck Bme÷gvjrc mepjml l rcelv gckwjwrmkgjl nl bm %mwgvjrcv¹+ Pcv mnnc wcvpvmkbm |}m lpmklw …cw hlzlk nnmdlbc eìw |}m avldemkrcw bm w}w cfvlw+ W}w jkrmvmwmw jkrmnmgr}lnmw a}mvck e}ghcw %elrmeì¥ rjglw. dvleìrjgl. êrjgl. rêgkjgl. pcnårjgl. mrgêrmvl% z …k c bm w}w avldemkrcw bjgm |}m ©pvmamvål gckcgmv  nlw nlw vlckmw qmvblbmvlw bm nlw nlw gcwlw |}m nnmdlv l wmv  vmvm - bm ncw pmvwlw¹ ( B I 18F<<8*+

Bme÷gvårc

bm

Lfbmvl

kjbmw l glejklv pcv mnnl+ Wjk meflvdc. mwl pcwjfjnj blb kc blb kc mw acvr}jrl+ Mn ecqjejmkrc kc mw pcwjfnm pcv  mn llv. wjkc |}m rcbc mwrì vmdjbc pcv nl kmgmwjblb. bm }kl elkmvl emgìkjgl. wjk |}m hlzl bjcwmw c gl}wlw mxrmvjcvmw l mwcw ìrcecw |}m ncw bjvjolk+ …

Mn lnel ln el z nlw wmkwlgjckmw

hcefvm fvm mw }k ejg vc gc wec w¹ ( BI 18F72*. Wj ©mn hce 18F72*. }k e}kbc mk pm|}müc. w} lnel wm plvmgmvì l mwcw ìrcecw |}m gckwrjr}zmk ln }kjqmvwc?

g}mvpc¹ (BI F8%:*+ Mwrl pmvwpmgrjql gcvpcvln  mk¥ vljl rlefjêk gck nl rvlbjgj÷k dvjmdl z vmwcklvì bmwp}êw mk Mpjg}vc? Pcv gckqmkgj÷k mxjwrm mn gcncv9 pcv gckqmkgj÷k mxjwrm nc b}ngm z nc lelvdc9 pcv|}m mk vmlnjblb w÷nc hlz ìrcecw z qlgåcw. pmvc ncw wmkrjbcw. mn g}mvpc pvcrmwrl bm mwm e}kbc wjk g}lnjblbmw+

©Emkrm jkamnj¹ rÿ |}m wlglw bm kcwcrvcw r}w gckqmkgjejmkrcw. ³rvlrlw bm lglflv gck kcwcrvcw3 K}mwrvl glåbl wmvì r} v}jkl+ BIF<6=

Nl êrjgl Bme÷gv Bme÷gvjjrc lajvel |}m mn lnel mw }k gjmvrc rjpc bm a}mdc c

mnmemkrc glnjmkrm+ L ncw ìrcecw bm acvel mwaêvjgl wm nmw nnlel nnlel a}mdc z lnel %gcec %gcec mwlw ecrlw w}wpmkbjblw mk mn ljvm z |}m lplvmgmk g}lkbc ncw vlzcw bm wcn wm ajnrvlk ajnrvlk pcv

nlw qmkrlklw%9 ncw ìrcecw mwaêvjgcw wck lnel pcv|}m pcv w} mwrv}gr}vl wck glplgmw bm lrvlqmwlvncrcbc z bm ecqmvnc rcbc z mnncw mnncw ejwecw mwrì mwrìk k mk ecqjejmkrc+ Y+++U Bm bckbm

wm w}pckm |}m mwl avckrmvl bmn qjqjv mwrì mk nl vmwpjvlgj÷k+ LVJWR×RMNMW?B LVJWR×RMNMW? Bm lkjel. lkj el. J. 202l <%<0

Mn lnel. p}mw. gcec pvjkgjpjc bmn ecqjejmkrc wm hlgm pvmwmkrm mk mwl ©avckrmvl bmn QÅQÅB ; + ]kl avckrmvl e÷qjn |}m mxpvmwl mn vjrec bm nl mxjwrmkgjl+ Gck mwl jeldmk. jeldmk. Bme÷gv Bme÷ gv jr c vmgcfvl mn wmkrjbc wmkrjbc pvjejrjqc bmn ln¥ el gcec lnjmkrc. gcec qjbl |}m wm jbmkrjajgl. mk glbl mxhlnl mxh lnl gj÷ k. gck gc k mn gcwecw+ Mk mwl avckrmvl avckrmvl wm bl rle¥ rle¥   fjêk nl wmkwlgj÷k |}m. pcv momepnc. mk nl qjwrl. wm mx¥  pnjgl pcv ncw man}qjcw |}m kcw nnmdlk bm nlw gcwlw?

Nl elzcvål bm ncw w}p}mwrcw avldemkrcw cvjdjklnmw bm Bme÷g vj rc rjmkmk |}m |}m qmv gck mn gcepcvrlejmkrc h}elkc+ Mk mnncw mkgckrvlecw. }kl qm eìw. mwm vmlnjwec |}m mwrlfnmgm ©mn pvjkgjpjc bmn pnlgmv z mn  bcncv9 gcec mn gvjrmvjc pcv mn |}m wm vjdm nl qjbl¹ ( BI F<88*+ Pmvc. pcv mkgj el bm mwrl mwrl k}mql#vckvmvl. mkgckrvlecw }kcw ajkmw bm mxrvlcvbjklvjc ©jbmlnjw¥ ec¹ + Hlz. p}mw. p}mw. gcec }kl w}fn jelg j÷ k bm mwl jkm qj¥ rlfnm z wmd}vl pvmwmkgjl bm nc |}m mn g}mvpc kcw bjgm.   plvl wcfvm mnnc gckwrv}jv }k rmvvjrcvjc ecvln+ Gcec vmd}nlbcv bm mwm jepmvjc bmn pnlgmv. |}m mk ncw wmvmw h}elkcw hl bm rmkbmv l nl dmkmvcwjblb z ln m|}jnj¥   fvjc. lplvmgm mn ncdcw. ©|}m mwrì lgcwr}efvlbc l cf¥ rmkmv rmkmv bm wå ejwec w} pvcpjc dc c ¹ (B I F<21*+ F<21*+ Nl fmnnml. nl o}wrjgjl. nl lejwrlb. nl pcnårjgl wck rmelw |}m w}vdmk. mkrvm crvcw. mk mwl fÿw|}mbl bm }kl êrjgl bm nl vl÷k bm nl wcnjblvjblb? ©Nl ©N l plrvj plrvjl l bm }k lnel lnel f}mkl mw mn e}kbc mk

Lwå Lw å mn qmv nc mxpnjgl pcv mn vmanmoc. p}mw mn vmanmoc kc w}vdm bm jkembjlrc mk nl vmrjkl vmrjkl wjkc |}m mn ljvm |}m hlz mkrvm nl qjwrl qjwrl z mn cfomrc qjwrc mw ecbmnlbc. ln wmv gckr gckrv vlå bc pcv mn cfomrc qjwrc z mn w}omrc |}m qm+

RMCAVLWRC? Bm wmkwjf}w. =0

Rln qm mwrl plvrjgjplgj÷k bmn w}omrc |}m qm % m n w}omrc |}m wjmkrm% mxpnjgl |}m mwcw ìrcecw%mejwl vjcw |}m. mk wå. kc rjmkmk g}lnjblbmw. wjkc w÷nc acv¥ el. lb|}jmvlk gcncv. wlfcv. cncv. pcv nlw gcefjkl¥ gjckmw bm k}mwrvl lnel |}m pckm. pcv lwå bmgjvnc.   w} wmnnc mwpmgjln mk nlw gcwlw+ Plvmgm gcec wj Bm¥ e÷gvjrc lkrjgjplwm bm mwrl acvel jbmlw |}m w}vdjvìk e}ghc bmwp }êw gc k nl ajncwcaål ecbmvkl+ ecbmvkl+ Ncw avldemkrcw cvjdjklnmw |}m kcw |}mblk kc   pmvejrmk mxpnjglv nlw pcwjfnmw gckrvlbjggjckmw9 pm¥ vc mn mgc |}m mkgckrv÷ z nlw bjwg}wjckmw |}m pvcqc¥ glvck w}w w}w rmcv ålw mk l}rcvm l}rcvmww gcec Lvjwr÷ rmn mw. Rmc¥ avlwr avlwrc. c. N}gvmg jc. mr gêrm vl. e}mwrvlk e}mwrvlk nl cvjdjkl njblb z a}mvl bm w} pmkwlejmkrc+ Mw l w}fomrjqjblb  bm nlw wmkwlgjckmw lfvm }kl   p}mvrl ln vmnlrjqjwec z mwgmprjgjwec? ©gckcgmv nc |}m mw glbl gcwl mk vmlnjblb mw jepcwjfnm. pcv|}m kcwcrvcw kc gckcgmecw klbl qmvblbmvc. wjkc ncw glefjcw |}m wm pvcb}gmk wmdÿk nl bjwpcwjgj÷k bmn

rmvc¹ (BI F624*+ ©Mn ©Mn lecv lecv mw o}wrc z wmvmkc g}lkbc lwpjvl lwpjvl l nl nl

fmnnml¹ (F47*+ ©Qj ©Qj qj v kc emvmgm nl pmkl plv plvl l |}jmk kc rjmkm

lejdcw¹ (F::*+ ©Pcv klbjm mw lelbc |}jmk l klbjm lel¹ (F<07*+ ©]kl gj}blb fjmk lbejkjwrvlbl z dcfmvklbl rvlm mn elzcv fjmkmwrlv l ncw ncw gj}blblkcw z mk mnnl wm mkg}mkrvl rcbc9 pmvc wj wm lvv} lvv}jjkl. kl. rcbc

wm lvv}jkl¹ (F6=6*+ Pcv mwc ©mw pvmamvjfnm nl pc fvml mk }kl bmecgvlgjl cgvlgj l ln nnl n nlelbc elbc fjmkmwrlv bm ncw pcbmvcwcw. mk nl ejwel embjbl mk |}m mw

pvmamvjfnm nl njfmvrlb l nl mwgnlqjr}b¹ (F6=<*+ Mwrcw avldemkrcw bm nlw cfvlw bm Bme÷gvjrc |}m.   pvcflfnmemkrm. mxpckbvålk }kl êrjgl mk nl |}m wmvål jkrmvmwlkrm vmgckcgmv w}w rmcvålw aåwjglw. nnmdlk l kc¥ wcrvcw gcec mwg}mrlw eìxjelw ecvlnmw. gcec ìrc¥ ecw |}m wm e}mqmk mk mn qlgåc bm mwlw cfvlw pmvbj¥ blw z rln qm gckrlejklblw pcv nl rvlbjgj÷k. |}m kcw nlw hl mkrvmdlbc? ©Qjkm l Lrmklw z klbjm em vmgckc¥ gj÷¹ (Fn <1*+ Avmkrm l nl pcp}nlvjblb bm lnd}kcw ajn÷¥ wcacw bm w} rjmepc. mwm bmwgckcgjejmkrc a}m gl}wl. rln qm. bmn cnqjbc z pêvbjbl bm w}w mwgvjrcw z bm |}m w÷nc l embjlw pcblecw hcz glprlv w} emkwlom+

kjbc ghjvvjlkrm. ln vcoc gcec mwrl flk+ Nc lgmnmvlflk. qmvrjdjkcwlw. bcw v}mblw. }kl pcv glbl nlbc+ nlbc+ Gck pvjwl. p}mw. em gckb} gckb}gå gål lk nlw hjolw

Bme÷gvjrc

bmn wcn. bmwp}êw bm hlfmv lflkbckl bc nl ecvlbl bm nl kcghm hlgjl nl nl

n}. |}jrìkbcem bm nl glfml ncw qm ncw gck nlw elkcw+ Lnnå wm hlnnlk nlw p}mvrlw bmn bål bål z bm nl nl kcghm |}m mkg}lbvlk bjkrmn z }efvln bm pjm bvl+ Mwlw p}mvrlw wm gjmvvlk gck dvlkbmw hcolw z w}w nnlqmw. bm bcfnm }wc. nlw d}lvbl nl Båim. nl O}wrjgjl. pv÷bjdl mk glwrjdcw (F+ <. <%<=*+

Nl wlfjb}vål z w}w cfvlw Rvmw wck nlw gcwlw |}m wm bmvjqlk bm nl

wlfjb}vål?

glng}nlv fjmk. hlfnlv 

fjmkz fjmk z lgr}lv gcec mw bmfjbc (F+ 6*+ Hlz lndc mqjbmkrm? mqjbmkrm? |}m mw jepcwjfnm gckcgmv nc |}m mw bm qmvblb glbl gcwl (F+ 8*+

Plvl wmv amnj \}jmk pvmrmkbl wmv amnj kc bmfm cg}plvwm bm e}ghlw gcwlw. kj mk nc

pÿfnjgc kj mk nc pvjqlbc. kj mnmdjv lg

Mepêbcgnmw Lejwrlb z cbjc Bcfnm mw nl hjwrcvjl |}m qcz l gck rlvrm+ P}mw }kl qm gvmg gv mgjj÷ plvl wmv

}kc bm eÿnrjpnm |}m mvl9 crvl. pcv mn gckrvlvjc. bm }kc |}m mvl wm bjwcgj÷ plvl wmv eÿnrjpnm+ Bcfnm mw mn klgj

rjqjblbmw |}m mxgmblk w} pvcpjl gl gl plgjblb z w} klr}vlnml. wjkc rmkmv nl pvmgl pvmgl}gj }gj÷k ÷kgcecplvl.mkglwcbm |}m nl w}mvrm nm wckvå wckvål l z nc nnmqm. ln plvmgmv. bmelwjlbc nmocw. vmk}kgjlv

z kc |}mvmv nnmdlv eìw lnnì bm w}w pcwjfjnjblbmw+ Nl ecbmvlgj÷k mw eìw wmd}vl |}m mn mxgmwc (F+ 7*+

ejmkrc bm ncw wmvmw ecvrlnmw. vrlnmw. bcfnm

w} bmwrv}ggj÷k+ Mn pvjemvc nc dmkmvl z nc bmwrv}zm nl gckg}vvmkgjl gckg}vvmkgjl bm nlw gcwlw z mn crvc. ln wmplvlvwm êwrlw. mghl l qcnlv. }kl qm gvjlbc+ gvjlbc+ Mwrlw rvlkwacvelgjckmw jkgmwlkrmw ol oleìw lnglklk ajk+ ajk+ ]klw qmgmw gckg}vvmk mk }kc pcv Lejwrlb9 crvlw. pcv mn gckrvlvjc. wck wmplvlblw pcv mn Cbjc (F+ <4. <%:*+

Lklxìdcvlw Nl jkrmnjdmkgjl z mn e}kbc Nl Jkrmnjdmkgjl |}m mxjwrm wjmepvm.

Bm Rlnmw l Bme÷gvjrc. avldemk rcw pvmwcgvìrjgcw+ Jkrvcb}ggj÷k.

rvlb}ggj÷k z kcrlw bm Lnfmvrc Fmvklfê. Elbvjb. Lnjlkl Mbjrc vjln. <:88+ Flvgmnckl. Gåvg}nc bm Nmgrcvmw. <::=+ H+ AVLKIMN. Pcmwål z  ajncwcaål bm nl Dvmgjl lvgljgl? }kl hjwrc jwrc vjl bm nl êpjgl. nl nåvjgl z nlpvc wl dvjmdl hlwrl nl ejrlb bmn  wjdnc |}jkrc. Elbvjb. Qjwcv. <::7+ G+ D]RHVJM. Hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl+ Wmjw qcnÿem

T+ I+

kmw+ Elbvjb. Dvmbcw. <:82 z wjdw+

hlk wjbc wmplvlblw (F+ <2*+

D+ W+ InVI. O+ M+ VLQMK z E+ WGHCAJMNB. Ncw ajn÷wcacw pvmwc gvìrjgcw. hjwrcvjl gvårjgl gck wm nmggj÷k bm rmxrcw. Elbvjb. Mbj rcvjln Dvmbcw. <::6+ F+ WKMNN. Mn bmwg}fvjejmkrc bmn 

Kc rjmkmk ncw dvjmdcw }kl cpjkj cpj kj÷k ÷k

mwpåvjr}+ Mwr}bjcw wcfvm mn klgj

lgmvrlbl bm nnc c |}m mw klgmv z pmvm

ejmkrc bmn pmkwlejmkrc m}vc vc pmc mkrvm ncw dvjm jmdcw+ Flvgmnc kl. Alx. <:18+

mqjbmkrmemkrm mxjwrm rlefjêk lhcvl.

bckbm mwrìk nlw bmeìw gcwlw. mk nl e}nrjpnjgjblb gj gjvg}kblk vg}kblkrm. mk nlw gc wlw |}m hlk wjbc }kjblw z mk nlw |}m

gmv+ P}mw kjkd}kl gcwl klgm kj pmvm gm wjkc |}m. l plvrjv bm nlw gcwlw |}m hlz. wm pvcb}gmk gcefjklgjckmw z wmplvlgjckmw. z lwå. lwå. nc gcvvmgrc wmvål wmvål nnlelv ln klgmv gcefjklvwm z ln pmvm gmv wmplvlvwm (F+ <4*+

O+%P+ QMVKLKR. Ejrc z  pmkwl ejmkrc mk nl Dvmgjl lkrjd} lkrjd}l. Flvgmnckl. Lvjmn. <:47+

Nl vmqcn}gj vmqcn}gj÷k ÷k mk mk mn nmkd}lom? ncw wca wcajwrl jwrlw z W÷gvl W÷gvlrrmw

JKACVELGJ×K < Ncw wcajwrlw wcajwrlw <+ Ncw wcajwrlw z mn p}mf fnnc

6+ ]k pljwlom bm plnlfvlw

7+ Mn eêrcbc bm ncw wcajwrlw 2+ Pvjkgjplnmw wcajwrlw

6 W÷gv lrmw? lr mw? mn jkbjq jkbjqjb}c jb}c..

Lgv÷pcnjw bm Lrmklw+

nlw nmzm nmzmw z mn wlfmv

<+ Nl e}mvrm }mvrm bm bm W÷gvlrm W÷gv lrmww 6+ Lp}krmw fjcdvìajgcw 7+ Vlwdcw jkrmnmgr}lnm nmw

z ecvlnmw bm W÷gvlrmw 2+ Mn eêrcbc wcgvìrjgc =+ Nl êrjgl bm W÷gvlrmw

RMXRCW

N

l plnlfvl ©wcajwrl¹ ©wcajwrl¹ bmwpjmvrl rcblqål mk kcwcrvcw mgcw kmdlrjqcw+ ]k wc% ajwrl mw lnd}jmk |}m mkdlül9 |}m gcka}kbm k}mwrvlw cpjkjckmw z. gck mnnc. k}mwrvl pcwjfjnjblb bm mkrmkbmv+ Pmvc mk ncw cvådmkmw bm mwrl wjdkjaj% glgj÷k hlz }k gckdncemvlbc bm wmkrjbcw z }kl vmlnjblb g}nr}vln e}ghc eìw jkrmvmwlkrm z vjgl+ Qlecw l jkrmkrlv mxpckmvnl mxpckmvnl mk nc n c |}m |}m gckwjbmvlecw w}w vlwdcw mwmkgjlnmw z. ln ejwec rjmepc. mxpnjglv lnd}kl bm nlw vlckmw |}m gckb}omvck l mwrm m|}åqcgc+

N c w w c a j w rlr l w <+ Ncw wcajwrlw wcajwrlw z mn mn p}mfnc Gcec hmecw qjwrc. nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl lvvlkgl bm nl cfwmvqlgj÷k bm ncw amk÷emkcw klr}vlnmw z bm }k jkrmkrc bm mxpnjglvncw+ Pmvc mwrl cfwmvqlgj÷k mwr}qc bmrmvejklbl. mk f}mkl plvrm. pcv nlw kmgmwjblbmw bm nl wcgjmblb o÷kjgl |}m. mk nlw gcwrlw bm Lwjl Emkcv. wm qjc gmvvlbl z mwrje}nlbl pcv mn elv. |}m nm cavmgål nl pcwjfjn jblb bm lfvjvwm gck nlw gcnckjlgjc kmw hlgjl crvcw hcvjckrmw. z pcv ncw plåwmw |}m. l w}w mwplnblw. vmpvmwmkrlflk crvl acvel bm pmnjdvc z lemkll+ Mk mwrl jkwmd}vl avckrmvl. avckrmvl. ncw pvjemvcw ajn÷wcacw nmqlkrl¥ vck }kl mwpmgjm bm e}vlnnl jbmln gck w} jkrmvpvmrl¥ gj÷k bmn gcwecw z bm ncw hcefvmw+

… Lrmklw. gmkrvc bm bm nl ajncwcaål Ncw wcajwrlw glefjlk mn pljwlom lkrm mn |}m ql l w}vdjv  crvl acvel acvel bm vman mxj ÷k+ Lh cv l kc mw rlkrc rlkrc nl mxpnjgl ¥ gj÷k bm nl gpÿcjd. bm nl klr}vlnml. g}lkrc nl cvdlkj¥ lgj÷k bm nl Or÷Xrd. bm nl gj}blb+ Z lwå gcec Mamwc.

Ejnmrc c Hlnjglvklwc wck nlw gj}blbmw bckbm wm acv¥ e}nlk nlw pvjemvlw vmwp}mwrlw ajncw÷ajglw. wmvì Lrm¥ klw nl k}mql emrv÷pcnj bm nl ajncwcaål+

Ncw pvcfnmelw |}m pnlkrmlk nlw k}mqlw acvelw bm qjbl rjmkmk eìw |}m qmv gck nlw vmnlgjckmw mkrvm ncw hcefvmw |}m gck nl cfwmvqlgj÷k bmn }kjqmvwc+ Wck  pvcfnmelw. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. eìw ecbmwrcw. pmvc. l w} qm+ eìw gcepnmocw m jepvmqjwrcw+ M n wjdnc Q lrmkjmk¥ lrmkjmk¥ wm z nlw nlw bjajg}nrlbmw bjajg}nrlbmw w}vdjblw w}vdjblw gck nl cvdl kjlg kj lg j÷k j÷ k bm nl gj}blb qlk l bmrmvejklv bmrmvejklv ncw gckrmkjbcw bm nl vmklgjmk¥ rm ajncwcaål+ Lrmklw wm mkavmkrl l }kl wjr}lgj÷k pcnårjgl bmwgckcgjbl plvl mn e}kbc lkrjd}c z lfwcn}rlemkrm k}mql k}mql plvl nl wcgjm blb dvjmdl? mn bmwg}fv jejmkrc bm nl bmecgvlgjl+ Mwrl plnlfvl mw. gcec rcbl nl rmvejkcnc¥ dål ajncw÷ajgl z g}nr}vln. }kl elkjamwrlgj÷k bm nl vmlnj¥

blb z bmn w}mnc hjwr ÷vjgc ÷v jgc |}m nl wcwrjmkm+ wcwrjmkm+

…

Ajn cwc aå l z bmvmg bmvmghc hcww gå qj gc w

Mn bmecw (mn p}mfnc* gckwrjr}ål mwl glpl ©pcp}nlv¹ bm nl wcgjmblb dvjmdl |}m vcbmlfl %bjghc e}z wje%  pjjajglblemkrm% mn plnlgjc bmn wmücv (lklx* wmücv (lklx* z ln |}m wmvqål. gcwmghlkbc gcwmghlkbc w} rvjdc c alfv jgìk bcn m }rmkwjnjcw+ Pmvc hlz }k ecemkrc mk |}m mn wmücv rjmkm |}m wmv¥ qjvwm bmn p}mfnc plvl nl d}mvvl+ Lkrm nl lemkll pmv¥ wl zl kc qlnm mn mkavmkrlejmkrc ©jkbjqjb}ln¹ c mn gceflrm bm ncw hêvcmw |}m klvvlk ncw qmvwcw bm nl njrlbl+ Gckrvl mn pcbmvåc bmn moêvgjrc pmvwl. ncw dvjm¥ dcw rjmkmk |}m ldv}plvwm z mn bmecw mw nl a}mvl a}k¥ blemkrln blemkrln bm mwrl mwrl }kj ÷k+ Mn nc j epnjg l }kl gjmvrl jkbm¥

 pmkbmkgjl avmkrm avmkrm l ncw elkblrcw elkblrcw bmn pcbmv ©lv jwrc jw rcgvì gv쥥 rjgc¹. |}m lkrmw nc gckbjgjcklflk. z }kl vmjqjkbjgl¥ gj÷k bm bcw jkwrv}emkrcw mwmkgjlnmw bm nlw k}mqlw acv¥ elw bm gchmwj ÷k wcgjln ? nl jwckcejl (jd}lnblb lkrm nl nmz* z. wcfvm wcfvm rcbc %m k vmnlg j÷k gck nl wcaå wr jg l% nl jwm% dcvål (jd}lnblb lkrm nl plnlfvl. c bmvmghc l nl plnl fvl. ln }wc }wc pÿfnj gc bm nl plnlfvl*+ Mwm bmvmghc bm hlfnlv gckwrjr}zm mn a}kblemkrc bm nl bmecgvlgjl+ Pvmgjwlemkrm pcv|}m mn jkbjqjb}c. gcec rln. mw zl }k mnmemkrc jepvmwgjkbjfnm bm nl mw¥ rv}gr}vl wcgjln. bmfm pcwmmv acvelw bm }kjajglgj÷k. z hl bm pcbmv elkjamwrlv. lkrm ncw crvcw. ncw pvjkgjpjcw mk ncw |}m gckwrjr}zm w}w w}w bmgjwjckmw+ Plvl mnnc kmgmwj ¥ rl hlfnlv. rjmkm |}m lb|}jvjv a}mvl jkrmvjcv plvl blv vl÷k bm w}w pvcpjlw z plvrjg}nlvmw lgrjr}bmw z plvl gce}kjglvwm gck ncw crvcw. plvl gckrlv gck ncw crvcw+ Mn wjdnc Q. c nc |}m wm w}mnm nnlelv nl mvl bm Pêk mnmw. bmwpmvrlvì }k laìk bm g}nr}vl z bm acvelgj÷k j k¥ rmnmgr}ln lgcvbm gck mn bmwlvvcnnc bmn lvrm z nl njrmvl r}vl bm mwrl êpcgl+ Ncw cocw bm ncw dvjmdcw. |}m mepmlflk l lgcwr}efvlvwm l nlw elvlqjnncwlw mwg}n¥ r}vlw bm Ajbjlw mk mn Plvrmk÷k. gcejmklk l bjvjdjvwm rlefjêk hlgjl wå ejwecw+ Gck mwrl pmg}njlvjblb bm nl vmanmxj÷k. kc w÷nc wm vmgcvblfl. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. mn qjmoc nmel jkwgvjrc mk mn rmepnc bm Bmnacw Gck÷gmrm l rj ejwec (zq ³*:r c l } x ÷ q * . wjkc |}m wm pckålk nlw fl¥ wmw plvl }kl gvårjgl bmn nmkd}lom |}m wmvì mn ackbc bmw¥ bm mn |}m wm nmqlkrm mwrl pvjemvl acvel bm ejwejblb+ …

]kl ]k l k}mql acvel ac vel bm wmv wlfjc

Ncw nnlelbcw wcajwrlw wmvìk |}jmkmw jkjgjmk mwrm rjpc bm lgrjr}b jkrmnmgr}ln z |}jmkmw gckwrjr}jvìk }k k}mqc ecbmnc ajncw÷ajgc+ Gck mnncw lplvmgm. p}mw. }kl elkjamwrlgj÷k bm nlw kmgmwjblbmw rm÷vjglw bm nl  pcnjw. |}m wm lvrjg}nlvìk mk rcvkc l g}mwrjckmw lkrvc¥  pcn÷djglw. c wml. g}mwrjckmw |}m rjmkmk |}m qmv gck mn hcefvm z gck nc |}m |}mvmecw hlgmv bm ên+ Mn kcefvm bm wcajwrl kc r}qc mk Dvmgjl. lkrmw bm Pnlr÷k. kjkdÿk wmkrjbc pmzcvlrjqc+ Wcajwrl wjdkjajgl l|}mn |}m wlfm. z kc w÷nc mk mn wmkrjbc pvìgrjgc %gc¥ ec wcphcw. |}m wjdkjajglfl elmwrvål. mxpmvjmkgjl mk }k gckgvmrc glepc bm gckcgjejmkrc (Hmwjcbc. Rvlflocw z bålw. 1=<*+ Wcajwrl wjdkjajgl rlefjêk mn pcmrl c lbjqjkc. z mk Hmv÷bcrc (J. 6:* wm nnlel wcajwrl l Wcn÷k. pcmrl z nmdjwnlbcv. z l Pjrìdcvlw (JQ. 6=*+

Mn rêvejkc wcajwrl z nl pvcamwj÷k |}m jepnjglfl gcemk÷. wjk meflvdc. l wjdkjajglv }kl elkmvl bjw rjkrl bm wmv wlfjc. bm lg}mvbc gck mwlw k}mqlw acv¥ elw bm nl wcgjmblb l nlw |}m wm hl hmghc ln}wj÷k+

6+ ]k pljwlom pljwlom bm plnlfvlw plnlfvlw Mwrm k}mqc gckgmprc bm wlfjb}vål memvdm bm }kl wjr}lgj÷k hjwr÷vjgl z g}nr}vln |}m cfnjdl l }kl vm¥ anmxj÷k wcfvm ncw gckgmprcw a}kblemkrlnmw |}m hl¥   fålk mepmlbc l gckajd}vlvwm mk ncw pvjemvcw pl¥ wcw bm nl ajncwcaål dvjmdl+ Wck ncw mxpvmwlbcw mk nlw   plnlfvlw wjd}jmkrmw? L+ Klr}vlnml (gpÿcjd* Mk mn ackbc bm mwrl plnlfvl zlgål. gcec qjecw. }kl bm nlw jkwrjr}gjckmw jepcvrlkrmw bm nl jkrmvpvm¥ rlgj÷k bmn e}kbc? mn bmwg}fvjejmkrc bm }kl vmlnj¥ blb |}m wm bmwlvvcnnlfl bmwbm wå ejwel z pcv wå ejwel+ Mamgrjqlemkrm. mn glefjc bm nlw mwrlgjckmw. mn fvcrm c nl glåbl bm nlw hcolw. c ncw nlrjbcw bm k}mwrvc gcvl÷k. wck jkbmpmkbjmkrmw bm nl qcn}krlb h}elkl+ Nl klr}vlnml rjmkm w}w pvcpjcw vjrecw z w}w pvcpjlw nmzmw+ F+ Nmz (q÷}cd* L nl klr}vlnml wm cpckm mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc nl nmz? l|}mnnlw pvmwgvjpgjckmw |}m hlgmk ncw hcefvmw pl¥ vl cvdlkjlv nl qjbl gcnmgrjql+ Nl nmz bmpmkbm bm nlw cpjkjckmw bm ncw ecvrlnmw. bm w}w gckqmkgjckmw+ Pmvc nl nmz gckwrjr}zm lndc mwmkgjln mk nl qjbl h}¥ elkl+ Nl klr}vlnml bmrmvejkl k}mwrvl vmlnjblb9   pmvc nl nmz. pvcb}grc bm mwlw gckqmkgjckmw. wm bmfm l pvjkgjpjcw vmdjbcw pcv }kl acvel h}elkl bm f}w¥ glv mn m|}jnjfvjc z nl lveckål. gcec mw nl o}wrjgjl. }k jkqmkrc h}elkc+ G+ Rêgkjgl (rêxqk.* Rêgkjgl mw mn lvrm bm ©ecbjajglv¹ c ©pvcb}gjv¹ lndc vmln+ Ln nlbc bm ncw wmvmw bm nl klr}vlnml jk¥ bmpmkbjmkrmw bm kcwcrvcw (lwrvcw. lkjelnmw. pnlk¥ rlw. mrgêrmvl*. hlz crvcw wmvmw |}m wå bmpmkbmk bmn hcefvm z |}m jkgn}wc wck pvcb}grcw jkqmkrlbcw z gckwrv}jbcw pcv ên? flvgcw. lvgcw. ìkacvlw. mwrlr}lw+ Mwrcw k}mqcw cfomrcw vmwpckbålk l bmrmvejklblw kmgmwjblbmw z gck mnncw wm gcepnmrlfl nl jkw}aj¥ gjmkgjl bm nl pvcpjl klr}vlnml h}elkl+ Mn flvgc. pcv momepnc. momepnc. gcepmkwlfl gcepmkwlfl nl njejr lgj ÷k bmn hcefvm plvl bmwpnllvwm. gck w}w a}mvlw jkbj¥ qjb}lnmw z klr}vlnmw. pcv mn elv+ Mn lvgc lnlvdlfl. d gck w} glplgjblb bm hmvjv. nl elkc |}m kc pcbål 6 nnmdlv hlwrl mn mkmejdc bjwrlkrm9 mn ìkacvl mvl nl p pcwjfjnjblb bm gckwmvqlv mn ld}l g}lkbc kc p}bjê% y= wmvkcw bjwpckmv bmn våc c bm nl a}mkrm+ § Rcbcw mwrcw cfomrcw kc rm kå lk . gcec nl klr}vl% nml. w}w pvcpjlw nmzmw. wjkc |}m mwrlflk wjmepvm w}pmbjrlbcw l nl qcn}krlb bm |}jmkmw ncw hlfålk jkqmkrlbc+ 7

Pcv w}p}mwrc. nl rêgkjgl fvcrlfl bm nlw kmgmwjbl¥ bmw bm ncw hcefvmw9 pmvc rlefjêk bm nl jkrmvpvmrl¥ gj÷k c jbmcncdål gck nl |}m elkmolvlk mwlw kmgmwjbl¥ bmw+ Mvlk nl wcgjmblb z nlw acvelw bm lvrjg}nlvwm mk mnnl ncw bjwrjkrcw jkrmvmwmw. nc |}m hlgål pvmbcejklv  bmrmvejklblw rêgkjglw? pcv momepnc. }kl wcgjmblb mkavmkrlbl l nl lemkll bm w}w mkmejdcw rmkål |}m lgmkr}lv ncw ©pvcb}grcw¹ |}m lwmd}vlvlk mwl bmamk¥ wl9 nl kmgmwjblb bm }kl mxp lkw j÷ k gcnckj ln cfnjdlfl l bmwlvvcnnlv nlw ©lvrmw¹ bm nl klqmdlgj÷k. mrgêrmvl+ Mw¥ rl glplgjblb ©rêgkjgl¹ mvl vmw}nrlbc. lbmeìw. bm nl jkmwrlfjnjblb lkrm nl qjbl z. ln ejwec rjmepc. bm }kl  fÿw |}m bl gvmlrjql gvmlrjql bm nl wmd}vjblb+ wmd}vjblb+ B+ Gj}blb

(RR×ÌJG9*

Ln nlbc bm nl klr}vlnml z nl rêgkjgl. hlz crvl acv¥ el bm vmlnjblb |}m rlefjêk nnlel nl lrmkgj÷k bm ncw dvjmdcw+ Mwrl acvel %nl gj}blb% kc mw w÷nc mn mwplgjc gckgvmrc bckbm wm bmwlvvcnnl nl qjbl bm ncw hcefvmw. wjkc }k mwplgjc lfwrvlgrc? }kl mwpmgjm bm vmb mk nl |}m wm rmomk nlw vmnlgjckmw bm ncw wmvmw h}elkcw |}m gckqjqmk mk mwm mwplgjc aåwjgc+ Mk bmajkjrjql. nl gj}blb mw }kl mepvmwl gcnmgrjql. mk nl |}m mn jep}nwc mwmkgjln mw nl kmgmwjblb bm gckqj¥ qmkgjl. bm lvec kå l mkrv mkrvmm ncw jkbjqjb}cw+ Pcv|}m. Pcv|}m. l   pmwlv bm |}m nl a}mvl jkbjqjb}ln z nl ©pmvwcklnj¥ blb¹ bmwrlgl mk rcbl mwrl êpcgl. mn jkbjqjb}c pmv¥ gjfm |}m |}m kc p}mbm p}mbm qjq jv ©wm plv lbc ¹ bm nl gj}blb+ M+ Nmkd}lom. vl÷k. pmkwlejmkrc

(i÷acd*

Nl jepcvrlkgjl bm nl gce}kjglgj÷k mkrvm ncw hce¥   fvmw ql l wmv. rln qm. nc eìw glvlgrmvåwrjgc bm mwrm   pmvåcbc+ Mwrm bmwg}fvjejmkrc w}vdm rlefjêk bm nl jbml bm ecqjnjblb z lefjdþmblb |}m gckwrjr}jvì mn a}kblemkrc bm nl wcgjmblb bmecgvìrjgl+ Nl ejwel mwrv}gr}vl bmn nmkd}lom elkjajmwrl mwl lefjdþmblb+ Jkgn}wc ncw qlncvmw mk ncw |}m mwrlecw mwrlfnmgjbcw z |}m bmwglkwlk mk nlw plnlfvlw wck qlncvmw |}m hlk bm bjwg}rjvwm z vmgckwrv}jvwm vmgckwrv}jvwm pcv embjc bmn bj ìnc dc z bm nl gckavckrlgj÷k bm cpjkjckmw+ Pmvc. lbmeìw. mn ncdcw mw }kl vmlnjblb pmg}njlv+ W} mxjwrmkgjl kc mw rlk gnlvl gcec nl pmvgmpgj÷k bm nl klr}vlnml+ Nl klr}vlnml c ncw pvcb}grcw bm nl rêgkjgl mwrìk lhå. lkrm k}mwrvcw cocw9 pmvc mn ncdcw mw }kl ©vmlnjblb¹ jklpvmkwjfnm gcec rln vmlnjblb+

Ln ncdcw. mk pvjkgjp jc. nc cå ecw. pmvc kc nc qmecw+ qmecw+ Qmecw hcefvmw |}m hlfnlk. pmvc mn hmghc bmn nmkd}l  om mw e}ghc e}ghc eìw gcepnmoc z lfwrvlgrc+ W} wmv wmv mw }k wmv jbmln+ L}k|}m rmkdl }k a}kblemkrc vmln. gcec mw nl fcgl z nl nmkd}l |}m lvrjg}nlk ncw wckjbcw. mn e}kbc bm wjdkjajglbcw lfjmvrc pcv nlw plnlfvlw mw lndc |}m wm acvel z gckwcnjbl mk mn ackbc bm k}mwrvl ©jkrmvjcvj¥ blb ¹+ Gck }kl mxpv mwj÷k ecbmvkl ecbmvkl bjvå lec w? mn e}k¥ bc bmn ncdcw mwrì mwr ì mk k}mwrvl k}mwrvl gckgjmkgjl gckgj mkgjl pmvwckln+

Ncw wcajwrlw bmwg}fvmk |}m nl qjbl h}elkl wm bmwlvvcnnl mk a}kgj÷k bm nl plnlfvl9 bm nc |}m el¥ kjamwrlecw } cg}nrlecw9 bm nl qmvlgjblb c alnwmblb bm nc |}m bmgjecw z. mk bmajkjrjql. bm nc qmvblbmvcw c alnwcw |}m wcecw+

kc. pmvc w÷nc pcv mn nmkd}lom pcbmecw nnmdlv ln  gmkrvc ejwec bm w} qjbl pmvwckln+ Nl mb}glgj÷k mw. p}mw. }kl g}mwrj÷k bm nmkd}lom z mw l rvlqêw bm nl gce}kjglgj÷k mkrvm ncw wmvmw h}elkcw gcec mn nmkd}lom jkgjbm mk nl emkrm z mk mn gmkrvc ejwec bm nl jkbjqjb}lnjblb+

A+ Mb}glgj÷k (ojl j÷mål *

D+ Qmvblb (g!v~8mjl* Mk a}kgj÷k bm mwl v}pr}vl mkrvm mn cfvlv z mn bmgjv. ncw wcajwrlw pnlkrmlk nl mb}glgj÷k lklnjlkbc ncw gckrmkjbcw |}m rvlkwejrm nl rvlbjgj÷k+ Nl a}mvl bm ncw nc w qlncvmw rvlbjgjcklnmw hlfål gckwrjr}jbc mn mnmemkrc bcejklkrm bm nl mb}glgj÷k+ Nlw dmkmvl¥ gjckmw |}m hlfålk bm acvelvwm nc hlgålk bmwbm mwcw qlncvmw mwrlfnmgjbcw+ Pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. }kl

k}mql mb}glgj÷k |}m mwr}qjmvl bm lg}mvbc gck ncw   pvjkgjpjcw bmecgvìrjgcw rmkål |}m plvrjv bm }kl

gvårjgl bm ncw qlncvmw rvlbjgjcklnmw |}m vmpcwl¥ flk flk mk nlw plnlfvlw+ Mn fjmk. nl o}wrjgjl. nl qmv blb. mn ncdcw. nl nmz. nl fmnnml. mrgêr mvl . mvlk acv¥ acv¥ elw |}m. mk w}w bjqmvwlw mxpvmwjckmw. mkgmvvlflk }kl }kl jbml bm nl mxjwrmkgjl h}elkl z }kl elkmvl bm mkrmkbmv w}w pvcfnmelw+ Pmvc mwm ackbc jbmcn÷dj¥ gc acvel g}mvpc mk nlw plnlfvlw. pcv|}m wck êwrlw  pvmgjwlemkrm mn ÿkjgc qmhåg}nc |}m pmvejrm lpvc¥ xjelvwm l glbl jkbjqjb}lnjblb+ Pcbmecw bcejklv  pcv pcv nl qjcnmkgjl c pcv mn ejmbc l glbl wmv h}el¥

Mwrm rêvejkc mxpmvjemkrlvì mk mn wjdnc Q }kl jepcv¥

rlkrm vmqjwj÷k+ Mk }kl wcgjmblb pvmbmecgvìrjgl. nl qmvblb mwr}qc }kjbl ln pcbmv+ Qmvblb mw mn elkblrc bm g}ln|}jmv l}rcvjblb. l}k|}m nl mxpmvjmkgjl h}el¥ kl a}mwm. eìw c emkcw gckwgjmkrmemkrm. jkr}zmkbc nl jkbmpmkbmkgjl |}m rln gckgmprc bmfål rmkmv+ Pmvc. gck ncw wcajwrlw. wca jwrlw. nl qmvblb mkrvl l acvelv plvrm bm nlw mwrv}gr}vlw ejwelw bmn nmkd}lom+ Qmvblb rjmkm |}m qmv gck nc |}m lajvelecw c kmdlecw z bmpmkbm. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. bm nlw acvelw bm nl pvcpcwjgj÷k+ Gck mnnc. nl qmvblb mepjml l wmv mxpvmwj÷k bm nl le¥   fjdþmblb bm nl qjbl. bm nlw pcwjfjnjblbmw bm nl mxjw¥

rmkgjl+ Nl qmvblb. l}k|}m mwrê a}kblbl mk mn pcbmv z nl w}wrlkgjl bm nlw plnlfvlw. wm elkjajmwrl mk nl acvel mk |}m nl }wlecw+ Pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. nl vmr÷vjgl. c wml. mn }wc pÿfnjgc bmn nmkd}lom. wmvì }k lvrm |}m el¥ kjamwrlvì nl qmvblb. nl elkmvl bm lnglklvnl c. mk mn  pmcv bm ncw glwcw. nlw a÷ve}nlw plvl ajkdjvnl+

  Lngjfålbmw vmgjfjmkbc nlw nmggjckmw bm W÷gvlrmw. pcv Avlkgcjw Lkbvê Qjgmkr. <444+ E}wmcw bm Pckrcjwm+

Mk mn Flk|}mrm plvrjgjpl Lngjfålbmw mk g}zcw nlfjcw pckm Pnlr÷k mn mncdjc bm W÷gvlrmw+

7+ Mn eêrcbc bm ncw ncw wcajwrlw wcajwrlw Mwrm pljwlom g}nr}vln avmkrm ln |}m wm bmwlvvcnnl nl vmqcn}gj÷k wcaåwrjgl w}pckm. lbmeìw. }kl k}mql elkmvl bm mkrmkbmv ncw gckcgjejmkrcw z nc |}m gck mnncw pcbmecw hlgmv+ ]kl elkjamwrlgj÷k bm mwrcw glefjcw mw nl acvel mk |}m ncw wcajwrlw wm gce}kj¥ glk gck w} pÿfnjgc? wck. mk w} elzcvål. }kl mwpm¥ gjm bm pvcamwcvmw lef}nlkrmw |}m vmgjfmk. lbm¥ eìw. bjkmvc bm w}w w}w czmkrmw+ czmkrmw+ Kc Kc pmv rm km gål k. p}mw. l nlw gnlwmw gnlwmw lv jwr cgv ìrj glw c. ln emkcw. emkcw. mwrl mwrl mxjdmkgj l bm gcepmkwlgj÷k mgck÷ejgl ncw jbmkrjajglfl gck mn p}mfnc+ Mwrl vmnlgj÷k mkrvm ncw wcajwrlw z mn p}mfnc je¥  pnjgl rlefjêk }k bmwmc bm wlfmv |}m jfl bm lg}mvbc gck nl wcgjmblb bmecgvìrjgl z gck nl pcwjfjnjblb bm gckwcnjblv crvlw acvelw bm qjbl |}m kc a}mwmk zl nlw mwrlfnmgjblw mwrlfnmgjblw pcv nl rvl bjg j÷ k+ Pmvc. ln nlbc bm mwrcw vlwdcw mxrmvkcw. hlz mk ncw wcajwrlw crvcw lwpmgrcw eìw gcepnmocw. |}m rjmkmk vm¥ nlgj÷k gck nl emrcbcncdål ejwel bm nl mkwmülkl?

gcwl |}m nl elkjamwrlgj÷k bm nl qlvjlfnm z gcepnmol vmlnjblb. qlnjbm bmn gckcgjejmkrc wm hlgm pvc b* Nl qlnjbm

fnmeìrjgl+ Nlw bjajg}nrlbmw |}m bm mnnc w}v¥ dmk kcw a}mvlk l pvmd}krlvkcw |}ê gvjrmvjcw hlz |}m mwrlfnmgmv plvl wcn}gjcklvnlw. |}jêk ncw mwrlfnmgm. bm |}ê cvbmk wck. gck |}ê ajkl¥ njblb wm mwrlfnmgmk+ Mwrcw pnlkrmlejmkrcw plvmgjmvck l lnd}kcw gck¥ rm epc vì km cw z. wcfvm rcbc. rcbc. l lnd}kcw lnd}kcw ajn÷wcacw ajn÷wcacw pcw¥ rmvjcvmw. gcec Pnlr÷k z Lvjwr÷rmnmw. }kl w}fqmv wj÷k bm qlncvmw z }kl lajvelgj÷k bmn mwgmprjgjwec z nl jepcwj fjn jbl b bm gckcgmv m jkqmwrjd jkqmwrjdlv+ lv+ Mw gjmv¥ rc |}m mn kcefvm bm wcajwrlw cg}nr÷ rlefjêk }k o}m¥ dc p}vlemkrm qmvfln gck gckgmprcw z cpjkjckmw+ Wjk meflvdc. mwm lplvmkrm vmnlrjqjwec c mwgmprjgjw¥ ec mvl rlef jêk }k m wr åe}n c plvl pmkwl pmkwlvv z mkvj|}m¥ mkvj|}m¥ gmv. gck nl qlvjlbl pmvwpmgrjql bm mwm pmkwlejmkrc. k}mwrvc wlfmv bmn e}kbc z bm nl qjbl h}elkl+

2+ Pvjkgjplnmw Pvjkgjplnmw wcajwrlw

l* Nl acvelgj÷k bmn jkbjqjb}c nc lflvgl rcbc m jkrmdvl jkrmdvl rcbcw k}mwrvcw gckcgjejmkrcw+ gjejmkrcw+

Nlw mkwmülklw rvlkwejrjblw rmkålk |}m qmv  gck nl lwrvckceål. ejrcncdål. pcmwål. dmcdvl¥ aål. lkrvcpcncdål. pcnårjgl. dvleìrjgl. hjwrcvjl bm nl g}nr}vl. vmnjdj÷k. mrgêrmvl+ Rcblw mwrlw acvelw acvelw bm gckcgjejmkrc b mf ålk lvrjg}nlvwm mk }k wjwrmel mkgjgncpêbjgc. |}m kc wjdkjajglfl rlkrc nl glkrjblb bm gckcgjejmkrcw |}m wm lpvmkbjmvlk. g}lkrc mwl gckmxj÷k bm wlfmvmw gckan}zmkbc mk }kl gj}blb. gvmlbcvl bm }kl acvel k}mql bm wmv h}elkc gckcgjejmkrc mw }k pvcgmwc+ Hlz. p}mw.  f*  f* Mn gckcgjejmkrc

}kl cpcwjgj÷k ln wlfmv bmpmkbjmkrm bm qlncvmw z mwrv}gr}vlw ajvemw. gcec. pcv momepnc. nl gckgmpgj÷k bmn wmv jke}rlfnm mk Plveêkjbmw+ Mn lgrc bm gckcgmv mw lndc qlvjlfn m. gckmgrlbc gck mn rjmepc+ Nl vmnlgj÷k bmn w}omrc z mn pvm¥ bjglbc lpmklw p}mbm mwrlfnmgmvwm gck mn qmvfc  wmv. zl |}m rcbc mw an}jv z e}rlgj÷k gckrjk}l+ g* Mn gckcgjejmkrc rjmkm glvìgrmv vmnlrjqc+ Ncw o}jgjcw gck |}m bmwgvjfjecw mn e}kbc wck acvelw hjwr÷vjglw bmpmkbjmkrmw bm |}jm¥ kmw nlw acv e}nl k+ Nl rlkdmkrm kc rcgl }k   p}krc l nl gjvg}kamvmkgjl. kj }kl vcwl vcol mw vcol+ Mk pvjemv n}dlv. pcv|}m mn gckcgjejmkrc mwrì w}wrmkrlbc mk nl wmkwlgj÷k z k}kgl pcbm¥ ecw rmkmv wmkwlgjckmw |}m pmvejrlk wmv wjkrm¥ rjlblw. qmvblbmvlemkrm. mk rlk gckgvmrcw  o}jgjcw+ ³B÷kbm mwrì mkrckgmw mn a}kblemkrc bm nl qmvblb3 Ln pmvbmvwm mn w}wrmkrc ajvem |}m vmwpckbl l mwrl pvmd}krl. pvmd}krl. mn wlfmv wm wm bj n} ¥ zm mk eÿnrjpnmw bjwg}wjckmw (mvåwrjgl* z gck¥ rvlbjggjckmw. |}m. wjk meflvdc. kc wck crvl

L}k|}m plvmgm |}m nl wcaåwrjgl a}m }k ecqjejmkrc jkrmnmgr}ln hcec dêk mc . nl pmvwcklnjblb bm nlw ajd}vlw |}m gckcgmecw gc ec wcajwrlw wcajwrlw mw e}z e}z bjqmvwl bjqmv wl z gckw¥ rjr}zmk pcv wå ejwelw pmvwcklomw wjkd}nlvmw z ÿkjgcw+ Lgm v| }ê eck cw l lnd}kcw lnd}kcw bm mnncw l rvl qêw bm ncw rmw¥ rmw¥ rjeckjcw bm l}rcvmw pcwrmvjcvmw z bm ncw avldemkrcw bm w} cfvl |}m hlk nnmdlbc hlwrl kcwcrvcw+ …

Pvcrìdcvlw

Pvcrìdcvlw bm Lfbmvl. klgjbc mk rcvkc ln lüc 280. a}m gceplrvjcrl z. rln qm. bjwgåp}nc bm Bme÷¥ gvjrc+ Rmkmecw rmwrjeckjcw lf}kblkrmw bm w} qjbl qjlomvl z bm w}w mwrlkgjlw mk Lrmklw. bckbm momvgj÷ dvlk jkan}mkgjl wcfvm Pmvjgnmw z crvcw pmvwcklomw  pcnårjgcw+ L pmwlv bm mnnc. gcec Lklxìdcvlw. rlefjêk w}¥ avj÷ crvc pvcgmwc bm jepjmblb bmfjbc l nlw cpjkjc¥ kmw wcwrmkjblw mk }k njfvc w}zc ©wcfvm ncw bjcwmw¹+ Mwrm pvcgmwc wm jkjgj÷. plvmgm wmv. mk mn lüc 2<<. g}lkbc mn dcnpm bm Mwrlbc bm ncw G}lrvcgjmkrcw+ Pvc rìd cv lw p}bc h}jv. l}k|}m l}k|}m pmv mgj ÷ mk mn elv elv gl¥ ejkc bm Wjgjnjl+ W}w mwgvjrcw a}mvck. wjk meflvdc. |}melbcw pÿfnjglemkrm+ Hlz rmwrjeckjcw wcfvm mwrl gckbmkl. mkrvm crvcw. mn bm Bj÷dmkmw Nlmvgjc (JX. ==* z Gjgmv÷k (Bm klr}vl bmcv}e. J. 62. 17*+ Wcvpvmkbm |}m |}m kj Pnlr÷ k kj Lvj Lvj wr ÷rm nmw hlzlk emk¥ emk¥ gjcklbc mwrm pvcgmwc+ Mw e}z pcwjfnm |}m |}m nl bm wlp lv jg j÷ k bm nlw nlw cfvlw cfvlw bm Pvcrìdcvlw. bm nlw |}m |}mblk mwglwcw avldemk¥ rcw. wm bmfl l mwm vmghlc. |}m wm mxrmkbj÷ l le¥  pnjlw cklw bm nl pcfnlgj÷k z. wcfvm rcbc. l nlw gnl¥ wmw cnjdìv|}jglw+

Mn hcefvm. embjbl embjbl bm rcblw nlw gcwlw

Bm nlw cfvlw pmvbjblw bmwrlgl }k alecwc avldemkrc |}m+ mkrvm crvcw l}rcvmw. gjrl Pnlr÷k mk mn Rmmrmrc. mn g}ln bjgm lwå? Mn hcefvm mw nl embjbl (}jRdcq* bm rcblw nlw gcwlw. bm nlw |}m wck mk g}lkrc |}m wck. z bm nlw |}m kc wck. mk g}lkrc g}lkrc |}m kc wck (<=6 l*+ l*+

Pnlr÷k mxpnjgl mwrl gjrl ln}bjmkbc l nl wmkwl¥ gj÷k? ©³Kc cg}vvm l qmgmw |}m mn wcpnc bmn ejwec qjmkrc. }kc bm kcwcrvcw nc wjmkrm avåc z mn crvc kc3¹ (<=6 f*+ W÷gvlrmw gcemkrl |}m ©rln gcec em plvm¥ gm l eå glbl gcwl. lwå mw plvl eå. z lwå gcec rm pl¥ rj¹+ ¹+ vmgm l rj. lwå mw plvlrj

Mwrl bmamkwl bm nl ©w}fomrjqjblb¹ kc mw ÿkjgl¥ emkrm nl rmwjw |}m mxpvmwl mn vmnlrjqjwec bmn gckc¥ gjejmkrc. wjkc. wcfvm rcbc. nl lajvelgj÷k bm nl pmvwpmgrjql pmvwckln |}m glbl qjbl h}elkl gck¥ qmvblb rjmkm. rjmkm. p}mw. p}mw. mn gl vìg ¥ gvmrl z gckbjg jckl + Nl qmvblb rmv rmv bm }kl gcvvmwpckbmkgjl mkrvm mn w}omrc z mn w}¥ p}mwrc cfomrc+ Mk mn ecemkrc mk |}m Pvcrìdcvlw wcwrjmkm wmemolkrm rmwjw. wm rvlwnlbl nl jbml bm }kl pcwjfnm qmvblb cfomrjql m jkbmpmkbjmkrm bmn hce¥ fvm. hlgjl }k hcvjckrm h}elkc z. gcec rcbc nc h}elkc. w}omrc l mvvcv z vmqjwj÷k+ Mwrl rmcvål bmn hcefvm%embjbl mwrì mk gckwc¥ klkgjl gck nl gcvvjmkrm wcaåwrjgl g}zcw emocvmw   pnlkrmlejmkrcw fvcrlflk bm mwl h}elkjlgj÷k bmn  wlfmv z bm nl qmvblb+ Mw gjmvrc |}m mn gckcgj ejmkrc plvmgm w}emvdjvwm. wjk }k w}wrmkrc cfomrjqc ajvem. bm nl jkrmvjcvjblb + mk mn e}kbc bm Wjk meflvdc. bmwrlglv nl pvmwmkgjl. mk mn gckc¥ gmv. bm mwl embjbl pmvwckln kcw nnmql ln pvcfnmel eìw jepcvrlkrm bm nl avlwm bm Pvcrìdcvlw z |}m. gvmmecw. kc hl wjbc bmwrlglbl pcv w}w gcemkrlbc¥ vmw? nl mb}glgj÷k bm nl w}fomrjqjblb+

vc kc rcbc p}mbm wmv jd}ln. kc rcbc p}mbm wmv qmv¥ blb+ Nc jepcvrlkrm bm mwrl jkmqjrlfnm ©pcwjgj÷k¹ bm k}mwrvc zc mk nlw gcwlw mw |}m pcbmecw lpvmk bmv l embjv. |}m pcbmecw emocvlv k}mwrvl embj¥ bl plvl |}m mkvj|}mgl lwå k}mwrvl glplgjblb bm  o}dlv+ Mn hcefvm%embjbl bm rcblw nlw gcwlw mkrvl lwå mk }k pvcgmwc bjlnêgrjgc. c wml. mk }k pvcgmwc mk |}m nl vmanm xj÷ k. mn nmkd}lom nmkd}lom gvår jgc . ncw jbmlnmw |}m |}m rvlwgjmkbmk mn wjepnm mdcåwec. qlk mkvj|}mgjmkbc k}mwrvc wmv gcec jkbjqjb}cw z. ln ejwec rjmepc. k}mw¥ rvc ecbc bm gckqjqjv+

…

Dcvdjlw

Dcvdjlw klgj÷ mk Nmckrjkcw (Wjgjnjl* mk rcvkc ln lüc 28=+ Mk mn 264 a}m mkqjlbc l Lrmklw plvl wcnj¥ gjrlv lz}bl mk nl d}mvvl gckrvl Wjvlg}wl+ Rlkrc mk Lrmklw gcec mk crvlw gj}blbmw dvjmdlw r}qc dvlk jkan}mkgjl pcv w} wlfmv z w}w g}lnjblbmw cvlrcvjlw+ Pnlr÷k bjgm mk mn Ambvc (61< g* |}m pcbål gcepl¥ vìvwmnm gck Kêwrcv. mn alecwc cvlbcv bm |}jmk kcw hlfnl nl Jnålbl (<. 624*+ Wm w}pckm |}m r}qc vmnl¥ gj÷k gck Mepêbcgnmw z w}w mkwmülklw lnglklvck }k mgc mxrvlcvbjklvjc+ Jkan}z÷ mk W÷gvlrmw |}m. mk w} cvlrcvjl. jejrlfl mn mwrjnc bm Dcvdj lw+ Ln ajkln bm w} qjbl elvgh÷ l Rmwlnjl. bckbm e}vj÷ mk mn 780 lpvcxjelblemkrm. gck eìw bm gjmk lücw+ Bm Dcvdjlw wm mkg}mkrvlk vmamvmkgjlw z gjrlw eìw c emkcw rmxr}lnmw mk crvcw l}rcvmw+ Bm w} mw¥ gvjrc Wcfvm mn kc%wmv  c Wcfvm nl klr}vlnml kcw |}mblk bcw mwg}mrlw qmvwjckmw |}m kc plvmgmk l}¥ rêkrjglw+ Rlepcgc p}mbmk gckwjbmvlvwm cfvlw bj¥ vmgrlw bm Dcvdjlw Mncdjc l Hmnmkl c Bmamkwl bm  Plnlembmw+ Bmn mwgvjrc Wcfvm mn kc%wmv  hlz }kl nlvdl vmam¥ vmkgjl mk Wmxrc Wmxrc Mepå vj gc? Mk mn njfvc rjr}nlbc Wcfvm mn kc%wmv c kc%wmv  c Wcfvm nl klr}vlnml

Nl mb}glgj÷k bm nl w}fomrjqjblb

bmwlvvcnnl nl rvmw lvd vd}emkrcw w}gmwjq jqcw+ Mn pvjemvc mw |}m klbl mxjwrm9 mn wmd}kbc. |}ml}k|}mmxjwrllndc lndcmw jklpvmk

Ncw wmvmw h}elkcw wck. mamgrjqlemkrm. emrvc z embjbl bm nc |}m wjmkrmk z mkrjmkbmk+ Pmvc ³g÷ec ejbm mn pvcpjc hcefvm3 ³\}jêk ejbm mk kcwcrvcw3 ³Gck |}ê embjbl embjecw3 ³Mw pcwjfnm mb}glv  k}mwrvl glplgjblb bm embjv3 Êwrl mw. rln qm. nl gckwmg}mkgjl qmvblbmvlemkrm rmxrc pvcr ld÷v jgc + Mn hcefvm%embj¥ hcefvm%embj¥ jkrmvmwlkrm bmn rmxrc bl kc mw }k wmv plwjqc |}m ejbm gck vmwpmgrc l gì¥ kckmw mwrlfnmgjbcw pcv k}mwrvl pvcpjl mwrv}gr}vl klr}vln+ Nc eìw jkrmvmwlkrm bm k}mwrvlw embjgjckmw …c qjmkm bm nlw njejrlgjckmw bm k}mwrvcw wmkrjbcw. wjkc bmn e}kbc bm k}mwrvlw cpjkjckmw+ Mwc Mwc bl l nl rmwjw bm Pvcrìdcvlw }kl lgr}lnjblb mxrvlcvbjklvjl+ Emb jec w mn e}kbc. pckmecw k}mw% k}mw% }l w}fomrjqjblb mk rcbc nc |}m nnmdl l kcwcrvcw9 pm¥

wjfnm nm plvl mn hcefvm9 z mn rmvgmvc. |}m. l}k g}lkbc a}mvl

gcdkcwgjfnm. kc p}mbm wmv gce}kjglbc kj mxpnjglbc njglbc l crvcw+

Gckrvl ncw elrmeìrjgcw.

QJJ. 1=

Nl mxpnjglgj÷k |}m mk }k mwgvjrc Wcfvm Emnjwc.   Omk÷alkmw z Dcvdjlw. lrvjf}jbc l Lvjwr÷rmnmw. wm bl l mwrlw lajvelgjckmw bm Dcvdjlw plvmgm a}kblvwm mk nl cpcwjgj÷k l nl rmcvål bmn wmv bm Plveêkjbmw+ Mn mwgvjrc pvmwmkrl }kl wmvjm bm lvd}emkrlgjckmw bm dvlk w}rjnml n÷djgl plvl pvcflv mwrl rmwjw bm nl ©jk% gcdkcwgjfjnjblb bmn wmv¹+ Dcvdjlw kc w÷nc kjmdl g}ln|}jmv rjpc bm qmv blb cfomrjql. wjkc |}m mwrl kmdlgj÷k nl mxrjmkbm. lb meìw. l nlw nlw kcvelw ecvlnmw |}m wck bjwrjkrlw mk

glbl p}mfnc. mk glbl êpcgl m jkgn}wc qlvålk l nc

wlw nc |}m gce}kjglecw l ncw bmeìw. wjkc nl plnlfvl |}m

nlvdc bm nl qjbl bm ncw jkbjqjb}cw+ Pcv mwc. Dcvdjlw

mw bjqmvwl bm nlw nlw gcwlw |}m mxjwrmk+ Ln jd}ln |}m nc qj qjwjfnm wjfnm

bmwrlglvì nl jepcvrlkgjl bm nl plnlfvl z bmn lvrm bm

kc p}mbm hlgmvwm l}bjfnm kj rlepcgc l nl jkqmvwl. lwå  lwå 

nl vmr÷vjgl. |}m mkwmül l elkmolvnl+ N l plnlfvl mw nl

rlefjêk.

ßkjgl acvel bm vmlnjblb. zl |}m mw mnnl |}jmk nl jk%

bm kcwcrvcw. kcwcrvcw. kc p}mbm gckqmvrjvwm gckqmvrjvwm mk plnlfvl k}mwrvl+ Z+

qmkrl. nl ecbjajgl z nl gce}kjgl+ Mn wmv mw nc |}m

ln kc wmv plnlfvl. kc p}mbm wmv vmqmnlbc l crvc+

ncw hcefvmw hlfnlk z w} qmvblb mw nl glplgjblb bm   pmvw}lbjv gck nl eldjl z mn mkglkrc bmn nmkd}lom. l}k|}m kc rmkdl vm nl gj ÷k gck nlw gcwlw+

p}mwrc |}m

nc |}m mw

rjmkm

w}

a}kblemkrc a}mvl

WMXRC MEPÅVJGC? Gckrvl ncw elrmeìrjgcw. q j n . 82

P}mw mn embjc gck mn |}m gce}kjglecw nlw gcwlw mw nl pl% nlfvl. z mn a}kblemkrc bm nlw gcwlw lwå gcec nlw gcwlw

Mk mn gckrmxrc gckr mxrc bm mwrm plwlom plwlom wm nn mdl l pcwr}¥ pcwr }¥ vlw e}z vlbjglnmw |}m wmplvlk mn e}kbc bm nc cf% omrjqc bm mwm crvc e}kbc bm nl emkrm |}m w÷nc pc% bmecw jkr}jv l rvlqêw bm nlw plnlfvlw |}m jkrmkrlk

ejwelw kc wck plnlfvlw+ Mk gckwmg}mkgjl kc wck nlw gc%

bmgjvnc+

W ÷ g v l r m w ? m n j k b j q j b } c . n l w nmn m z m w z m n w l f m v <+ Nl e}m e}mvrm vrm bm bm W÷gvlrmw W÷gvlrmw

6+ Lp}krmw Lp}krmw fjcdvìajgcw fjcdvìa jgcw

W÷gvlrmw. l pmwlv bm |}m kc bmo÷ mwgvjrc lnd}kc %gcwl. pcv crvl plvrm. klr}vln. zl |}m rcblqål pvm¥ bcejklfl nl mkw mü lk l cvl n%. mw }k kcefvm kcefvm |}m |}m hl vmwcklbc wjk gmwlv mk nl g}nr}vl m}vcpml+ Kc mw w} cfvl. kj wj|}jmvl w} qjbl. nc |}m hl bmwpmvrlbc rlk¥ rc jkrmvêw+ Bm W÷gvlrmw plvmgm |}m nc |}m qmvblbm¥ vlemkrm jkrmvmwl mw w} e}mvrm+ Pcv|}m mk nl e}mvrm. ln emkcw mk nl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k bm Pnlr÷k. pvmwmkrl }k lwpmgrc rvìdjgc z. ln ejwec rjmepc. momepnlv+ Nl e}mvrm bm W÷gvlrmw pnlkrml }k pvcfnmel a}kbl¥ emkrln? mn bm nl vmnlgj÷k |}m mxjwrm mkrvm mn jkbj

Gckcgmecw lnd}klw kcrjgjlw bm nl qjbl bm W÷gvlrmw (240%7::*+ Klgj÷ mk Lrmklw+ W} plbvm. Wcavckjwgc. mvl mwg}nrcv9 w} elbvm. Amklvmrm. gcelbvckl+ Plvm¥ gm |}m mk w} o}qmkr}b wjd}j÷ nl pvcamwj÷k bm w} pl¥ bvm+ Pmvrmkmgål. p}mw. l nl gnlwm pcp}nlv z hlz rmwrj¥ eckjcw |}m kcw hlfnlk bm w} pcfvml+ Mw bjaågjn lqmvjd}lv lqmvjd}lv g÷ ec a}m a}m w} mb} glg j÷k. j÷ k. pmvc mn lefjmkrm bm Lrmklw. nl njfmvrlb bm w}w pnllw mk nlw |}m wm rvlkwejrål }kl mkwmülkl lfjmvrl. wcwrmkjbl mk mn mwpåvjr} bm ncw wcajwrlw. a}mvck w}w elmwrvcw+ Pvcfl¥  fnmemkrm |}jwc wmv ên ejwec }k wcajwrl. wmb}gjbc pcv  mwrl dmkmvlgj÷k bm dvlkbmw hcefvmw lndc elzcvmw |}m ên. gcec Pvcrìdcvlw. Dcvdjlw. Hjpjlw z Pv÷bjgc+ W÷gv lrmw lrm w qjqm }kl êpcgl bckbm nl d}mvvl d}mvvl bmn Pmncpc% kmwc (27<%207* z nl bjgrlb}vl bm ncw rvmjkrl rjvlkcw (202 (202** elvglvck Lrmklw Lrmklw gck gc k qjcnmkg qjcn mkgjl jl m jkwmd}vjblb+ Mw e}z pcwjfnm |}m. |}m. rvlw rvlw w} plvrj gjplgj÷k gjpl gj÷k mk nl qjbl pÿfn j¥ gl z w} gckrlgrc gck ncw wcajwrlw. W÷gvlrmw g}nrjqlwm mn bjìncdc gck }k dv}pc gmvvlbc bm lvjwr÷gvlrlw. mkrvm mnncw Gvjrjlw z Gìvejbmw. plvjmkrmw bm Pnlr÷k. |}m rc¥ elvck plvrm mk mn dcnpm bm Mwrlbc bm ncw Rvmjkrl+ Mk mn lüc 207 lnd}kcw mxjnjlbcw |}m mwglplvck l nl gv}mnblb bm ncw rjvlkcw vmdvmwlk l Lrmklw. floc mn elkbc bm Rvlwåf}nc. m jkwrl}vlk bm k}mqc nl bmec¥ gvlgjl+ Lrmklw zl kc qcnqmvì. wjk meflvdc. l lnglk¥ lv mn mwpnmkbcv bm nl bmecgvlgjl bm Pmvjgnmw+ Mwrl bmglbmkgjl b}vlvì l nc nlvdc bm nl qjbl bm Pnlr÷k (264%724* z Lvjwr÷rmnmw (782%766*+ Avmkrm l mwrm  plkcvlel wm bjf}ol w} pmvajn hjwr÷vjgc?

qjb}c. nl wcgjmblb z nlw nmz nmzmw. z rlefjêk mn bm nl

vmnlgj÷k bmn jkbjqjb}c gck w} pvcpjl mxjwrmkgjl z gck nl o}wrjgjl+ o}wrjgjl+

Mwrm glvìgrmv momepnlv c wjef÷njgc |}m pcwmm rlk wjkd}nlv pmvwcklom hlgm |}m k}mwrvl elkmvl bm lgmvglvkcw l ên wml rlefjêk wjkd}nlv+ Kc pcbmecw cåv w} qc gcec cåecw. l rvlqêw bm nl mwgvjr}vl. l Pnlr÷k c l Lvjwr÷rmnmw+ Rlepcgc pcbmecw mwg}ghlv  mgcw. gcec nc hlgmecw g}lkbc. pcv embjc bm nl gvårjgl rmxr}ln z l pmwlv bmn glvìgrmv avldemkrlvjc bm w}w mwgvjrcw. jkrmkrlecw lpvcxjelvkcw l Hmvì¥ gnjrc. l Plveêkjbmw c l Lklxìdcvlw+ W÷nc lnglklecw l qmv w} jeldmk vmanmolbl mk ncw Bjìncdcw bm Pnlr÷k. mk lnd}kcw mwgvjrcw bm Om¥ kcackrm c mk lnd}kl gcembjl bm Lvjwr÷alkmw+ ]k   o}mdc bm mwpmocw mk mn |}m rlepcgc wlfmecw wj wck g÷kglqlw c gckqmxlw. bmacvelblw c ajmnmw. nlw jeì¥ dmkmw |}m hlgmk nnmdlv l k}mwrvcw cocw+ W÷gvlrmw mw. plvlb÷ojglemkrm. mn dvlk l}wmkrm bm nl ajncwcaål+ Mn pmkwlejmkrc wcgvìrjgc mw }k dvlk wjnmkgjc. lbejkjwrvlbc pcv |}jmkmw hlk jkrmk¥ rlbc nnmklvnc+ Z. wjk meflvdc. pcglw ajd}vlw hlk mk¥ rvlbc rlk qjqlw mk nl hjwrcvjl+

% Rjmkm gckmxj÷k gck ncw wcajwrlw |}m vmamvjvì Pnlr÷k (Rmmrmrc. <=< f9 Pvcrìdcvlw. 72< l9 78 2 Emk÷k. :1 b9 Gìvejbmw. <17 b9 Gvlrjnc. 782 b9 Hjpjlw Elzcv. 686 g*+

% Rcel plvrm mk mn gmvgc bm Pcrj bml (mkrvm (mkrvm 276%26:*. bckbm wlnql nl qjbl l Lngjfålbmw (Flk|}mrm. 6<: m9 Gìvejbmw. <=7 l*+ % Plvrjgj Plvr jgj pl mk nlw nlw flrlnnlw bm Bmn jc k (262*. (262*. bm Lkaåpcnjw (266* (Flk|}mrm. 66< l9 Nl |}mw. <8
7+ Vlwdc lwdcww jkrmnmgr}lnmw z ecvlnmw bm W÷gvlrmw ]k rmel a}kblemkrln bm nl mkwmülkl bm W÷gvl¥ rmw mvl mn lnel. wmdÿk kcw bmwgvjfm Pnlr÷k mk nl   Lpcncdål (6: b ww+*? Ej f}mk lejdc. bjgm l w}w gckgj}blblkcw. wjmkbc lrm

F}wrc bm W÷gvlrmw+ E}wmc Klgjckln bm nlw Rmvelw.

kjmkwm.bm nl gj}blbeìw dvlkbm zeìw pvmwrjdjcwlmkwl

Vcel+

fjb}vål z pcbmv wj kc rm lqmvdþmklw bm pvmcg}plvrm bm g÷ec rmkbvìw vj|}ml. alel z hckcvmw z. mk glefjc. kc rm pvmcg}plw pcv nl nl jkrmnjdmkgj jkrmnjdmkgjl l z nl qmvblb z pcv

g÷ec r} lnel ql l wmv nc emocv pcwjfnm Y+++U+ Mkwmülvê

rcbc

mwrc l l|}mn gck mn |}m em mkg}mkrvm. ocqmk c qjmoc. qjmoc. ac vlwrmvc c gj}blblkc Y+++U jkrmkrlkbc pmvw}lbjvnmw plvl |}m

kcwmcg}p }pmkkj bmncw g}mvkcwkj bmncw fjmkmwlkrmw |}mbmn

lnel. l ajk bm |}m êwrl wml nc emocv pcwjfnm+

Gcec bmgålecw. nc eìw mxrvlüc z bvleìrjgc mk nl qjbl bm W÷gvlrmw mw w} gckbmkl z w} e}mvrm+ Nl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k bm mwrcw hmghcw mw gcepnjglbl+ Wcfvm rcbc. pcv|}m wcvpvmkbm |}m. gck nl q}mnrl bm nl bmecgvlgjl l Lrmklw. rmkdl n}dlv mwm o}jgjc j W÷gvlrmw. }k hjoc bmn bmecw. pvmcg}plbc bm mk¥ wmülv z gnlvjajglv nl emkrm bm w}w pljwlkcw+ Kc   pcbmecw mkrvlv mk mwrcw pvcfnmelw z w÷nc bmwgvj¥   fjvmecw mwg}mrlemkrm ncw hmghcw? …

L r v l qê w bm w} pvcgmwc nc gckcgmecw gckcgmecw

Mk mn lüc 7::. rvmw gj}blblkcw lg}wlk l W÷gvlrmw bm rvmw bmnjrcw? <+ & Kc vmwpmrlv l ncw bjcwmw bm nl gj}blb+ 6+ & Jkrvcb}gjv k}mqcw bjcwmw+

7+ ° Gcvvcepmv l nl o}qmkr}b+    o 9 J

/

Ncw pvcgmwcw bm jepjmblb. |}m jepnjglflk o Sklg}npl g}npl lkrm ncw bjcwmw. lkrm ncw e}mvrcw. ncw plbvmw z nl plrvjl. hlfålk wjbc vmnlrjqlemkrm avm% g}mkrmw g}mkrmw mk Lrmklw+ Zl qjecw |}m Lkl xì dc vl w r}% qc |}m lflkbcklv Lrmklw pcv mnnc. ln jd}ln |}m Pvcrìdcvlw z Lwplwjl. nl wmd}kbl e}omv bm Pmvj% gåmw? rlefjêk Bj÷d mkm w bm Emnc w. }k pcmrl pcmrl++ Mn …jwec M}våpjbmw a}m lg}wlbc pcv mn pcnårjgc gckwmvqlbcv Gnm÷k. |}m qmål mk nl jbmcncdål bm

nlw rvldmbjlw bmn dvlk pcmrl }kl lg}wlgj÷k l w}w bmwelkmw mk Ejrjnmkm mk mn lüc 264+ ]kl vmnjdj÷k gcec nl dvjmdl. wjk gnlwm wlgmvbcrln |}m nl lbejkjwrvlvl ©bcdeìrjglemkrm¹. rmkål. l qm¥ gmw. |}m lg}bjv ln a}kblemkrlnjwec bm gjmvrcw pcnå¥ rjgcw+ Bm rcblw acvelw. kc plvmgm gvmåfnm |}m a}mvl vmlnemkrm mwl lg}wlgj÷k bm jepjmblb. rln gcec nl   pvmwmkrl Pnlr÷k mk nl Lpcncdål. nl |}m o}wrjajglwm nl gckbmkl bm W÷gvlrmw+ ³Kc jepnjglfl nl k}mql bm¥ ecgvlgjl nl jepnlkrlgj÷k bm k}mqcw qlncvmw3 ³Kc mvl nl mkwmülkl z nl mb}glgj÷k nl a}mvl a}kbl¥ emkrln bm nl rvlkwacvelgj÷k c lajlklejmkrc bm¥ ecgvìrjgc z mn emocv embjc bm mqjrlv }kl bm nlw dvlkbmw mkamvemblbmw bm nl bmecgvlgjl bm mkrck¥ gmw. nl bmeldcdjl3 Nl qcrlgj÷k gckrvl W÷gvlrmw kc a}m mk pvjkgjpjc k}emvcwl9 pmvc a}m gckbmklbc l e}mvrm+ Rvmw bjì¥ ncdcw pnlr÷kjgcw hlk mxp}mwrc gck mxrvlcvbjklvjl   fmnnml w}w ÿnrjecw ecemkrcw? nl Lpcncdål. |}m mw mk vmlnjblb nl bmamkwl p}mwrl mk fcgl bm W÷gvlrmw   pcv Pnlr÷k z gck nl |}m jkrmkrl vmghllv ncw glvdcw |}m nm lg}wlk9 mn Gvjr÷k. z. wcfvm rcbc. mn Amb÷k+ Mkrvm ncw e}ghcw vlwdcw |}m Pnlr÷k bmwrlgl mk W÷gvlrmw. mn eìw glvlgrmvåwrjgc mw w} kmdlrjql l h}jv. zl |}m plvl W÷gvlrmw mw eìw jepcvrlkrm lglrlv nlw nmz nmzmw |}m wlnqlv w} pvcpjl qjbl+ qj bl+

Ln nlbc bm nl jeldmk |}m Pnlr÷k kcw hl rvlkwej¥ rjbc. hlz bcw l}rcvmw bm nl êpcgl. Omkcackrm z Lvjw¥ r÷alkmw. |}m bmwg}fvmk crvc W÷gvlrmw bjwrjkrc bmn bm Pnlr÷k+ Wcfvm rcbc Lvjwr÷alkmw |}m. mk w} gcem¥ bjl bj l Nlw k}fmw. vjbjg}njl l W÷gvlrmw+ Rcbc mwrc kcw gckb}gm ln zl alecwc pvcfnmel wcg vìrj gc+ ³Mw W÷g vlr mw }k ecvlnjwrl ecvlnjwrl vlbjgln. cfwm¥ cfwm¥ wjcklbc pcv mn bmfmv z nl o}wrjgjl3

E}mvrm bm W÷gvlrmw+ G}lbvc bm Olg|}mw%Nc}jw

Vjglvbc. E}wmc Emrvcpcnjrlkc bm

Lvrm. K}mql Zcvi. Mwrlbcw ]kjbcw+ ]kjbcw+

³A}m W÷gvlrmw }k gckrjk}lbcv bm ncw wcajwrlw3 ³Mqcn}gjck÷ bm acvel |}m w} pmkwlejmkrc bmec¥ gvìrjgc lglflvl lgcecbìkbcwm l cnjdlvglw gcec Gvjrjlw3 ³Rvljgjck÷ ncw jbmlnmw bm w} o}qmkr}b3 ³Mwm bljeck c b}mkbm |}m hlfnlfl mk w} jkrmvjcv  mvl }k pcvrlqc bm nl cnjdlv|}ål3 Nlw vmwp}mwrlw |}m pcblecw blv l mwrlw g}mw¥ rjckmw kc bmolk. wjk meflvdc. bm elkrmkmv qjql mwrl wjkd}nlv pmvwcklnjblb ajncw÷ajgl+ Nl ajd}vl bm W÷gvlrmw. gck jkbmpmkbmkgjl bm nl jkqmwrjdlgj÷k hjwr÷vjgl |}m lÿk p}bjmvl lpcvrlv k}mqlw a}mkrmw. mwrì zl ajolbl mk nlw pìdjklw bm ncw l}rcvmw |}m kcw nl rvlkwejrjmvck+ Wc k mwlw mwlw pìdj kl w nlw |}m |}m gckw¥ rjr}zmk }k mxgmpgjckln mwråe}nc jkrmnmgr}ln. bm mkcvem lgr}lnjblb. plvl rcbc mn |}m wm mkavmkrm l mnnlw+

2+ Mn eêrcbc wcgvìrjgc \}jì nc |}m bjamvmkgjl l W÷gvlrmw bmn vmwrc bm ncw wcajwrlw %wmdÿk nl jeldmk bm Pnlr÷k% mw mn jkrmkrc bm w}pmvlv mn vmnlrjqjwec z bm lnglklv }kl gjmvrl qmvblb lfwcn}rl |}m pmvejrl cvdlkjlv mn bmwecvc¥ klejmkrc gvårjgc |}m bm nl pcnårjgl. nl vmnjdj÷k z mn nmkd}lom plvmgm hlfmv vmdjbc nl vmqcn}gj÷k jkrmnmg¥ r}ln bm ncw wcajwrlw+ W÷gvlrmw mepjml bmweckrlkbc ncw gckgmprcw |}m. wjk a}kblemkrc. lkjblk mk nl emkrm+ Mwrl n}ghl pcv nl gnlvjblb nm gckqjmvrm rle¥  fjêk %z kc w÷nc pcv w} e}mvrm% mk }k pmvwcklom rvì¥ djgc |}m. gcec rcbl rvldmbjl. lvvlwrvl w} pvcpjl gckrvlbjggj÷k+

Mamgrjqlemkrm. mk nl êpcgl bm W÷gvlrmw rjmkm n}dlv  mn bmwlvvcnnc bm nl rvldmbjl dvjmdl+ Z nl mwmkgjl bm mwl rvldmbjl mw }kl mwpmgjm bm rmlrvc ajncw÷ajgc. bck¥ bm mn e}kbc wm hlgm pvmwmkrm floc }k elkrc bm le¥  fjdþm bl b z gckrvcqmvwjl+ gckrvcqmvwjl+ Pcv mnnc. rcbc mw bjwg}rjfnm+ Floc glbl ©pvmwmkgjl¹ c ©lplvjmkgjl¹ wm p}mbm mk¥ gckrvlv }k wmv bjwrjkrc bmn |}m wm pvmwmkrl+ Mwrl cpcwj gj÷k wmv%kc wmv. qmvblbmvc%alnwc. vmlnjblb%lplvjmk gjl (gplrq÷}mqcq*. cpjkj÷k (÷÷[l*%wlfmv (÷÷[l*%wlfmv ($mecxvjK+$vj*. |}m gckwrjr}zm mn e}kbc jkrmnmgr}ln bm W÷gvlrmw z ncw wcajwrlw. wcajwrlw. zlgm rl efj êk mk nlw nlw cfvlw bm Mw|} jnc. jn c. bm W÷ ¥ acgnmw c bm M}våpjbmw+ Mwm o}mdc bm m|}åqcgcw |}m bmrmvejkl nl rvldmbjl z w}w pmvwcklomw (Mbjpc. Zcglw% rl. Ldlemk÷k. Mnmgrvc. Lkrådckl. mrgêrmvl* elvgl rlefjêk nl rmkwj÷k bmn gckcgjejmkrc. nl bjlnêgrjgl |}m mknll z bmwmknll nlw jbmlw mk fcgl bm ncw pmv¥ wckl wcklom omww bm ncw bjìn cdc w pnlr÷ kj gcw + Mn pvcpjc jkbjqjb}c |}m bjlncdl nc hlgm qjmkbc lplvmgmv w}w cpjkjckmw mk mn mkrvlelbc bm w} plvrj¥ g}nlv nmkd}lom+ W÷gvlrmw gckrjkÿl. p}mw. bmwrlglk¥ bc. gcec ncw wcajwrlw. mwm lwpmgrc ©w}fomrjqc¹ bm nl vmanmxj÷k+ Bjem M}rjbmec. ³hlw ³hlw mwrlbc lnd}kl qm# mk Bmnacw3 ‒Mk bcw cglwjckmw+

  ‒³Hlw qjwrc. mk kc wê |}ê plvrm bmn rmepnc. nl jkwgvjp gj÷k gck÷gmrm l rj ejwec3 Zc wå+ ³Kc hlw pvmwrlbc lrmk gj÷k lnd}kl l mnnl. c pcv mn gckrvlvjc nl hlw dvlflbc mk r} emkrm z rm hlw q}mnrc hlgjl jl rj ejwec plvl mxlejklv nc

|}mmvmw3

OMKCACKRM? Vmg}mvbcw Wcgvìrjgcw. JQ. 6

…

Nl pvmd}krl gcec pvcgmbjejmkrc

gckgmprc }kjqmvwln } kjqmvwln Nl fÿw |}mb l bm nc gceÿk mw mn gckgmprc [}m pcbmecw bmwg}fvjv l rvlqêw bm mwm wmkgjnnc pvc¥ gmbjejmkrc emrcbcn÷djgc |}m gckwjwrm mk pvmd}k¥ r l ? Nl pvmd}krl pvmd}krl wcgv ìrjg l. mn |}ê mw ( R Å mgeq*. gck¥ ajd}vl mn a}kblemkrc bm nl gjmkgjl. |}m pmvwjd}m mn gckgmprc. nl acvel emkrln |}m wjkrmrjl z wjwrmelrj¥ l nl bjqmvwjblb z e}rlfjnjblb floc nl |}m wm bl nl mxpmvjmkgjl wmkwjfnm+ Mwrm e}kbc gckgmpr}ln nc lvvlkgl W÷gvlrmw bmn nmkd}lom ejwec z bm nl gckqmvwlgj÷k gck w}w gck¥ gj}blblkcw+ Pcv mwc. Gjgmv÷k lajvelfl (R}wg}nl% flolbc nl ajncwc aål elw+ =+ 2+ <0* |}m W÷gv lrm w hlfå l flolbc bmn gjmnc l nl rjmvvl+ Gck mnnc kc hlfål hmghc crvl gcwl |}m wmv  ajmn l nl jbmcncdål lkrvcpcn÷djgl bm jcw jcw wcajwrlw+

… Nl jvckål gckwjwrm mk nnmqlv l |}jmk hlfnl gck kcwcrvcw. wmd}vc bm |}m wlfm bm |}ê hlfnl. hlwrl nl jdkcvlkgjl |}m wm cg}nrl mk mwm w}¥  p}mwrc  p}mwrc wlfm wlfmv+ v+ Plvl mnnc . W÷ gvl rmw . ©|} m w÷n c wl¥   fm |}m klbl wlfm¹. wm mwgckbm jkdmk}lemkrm mk mwm kc%wlfmv plvl bmolv ln crvc lkrm w} pvc¥  pjl pmvpnmojblb+ Mn kc%wlfmv wcgvìrjgc mw. lwå. }k pvjkgjpjc pcwjrjqc. pcv|}m w÷nc mk mn vmgc¥ kcgjejmkrc bm nl pvcpjl jdkcvlkgjl wm mw glpl bm nnmqlv ln gckcgjejmkr c+ … Nl elzê}rjgl. c lvrm bm blv l n}. gcepnmrl mwm pvcgmwc jv÷kjgc ln bmwpmvrlv z ln}efvlv  mk nl pvcpjl lnel. mk nl emkrm. ncw gckcgj¥ ejmkrcw |}m bcveålk mk mnnl l nl wcefvl bm nlw plnlfvlw ©kc pvmd}krlblw¹. ©kc p}mwrlw mk b}bl¹+ Kc wm rvlrl bm pckmv  mk mn jkrmvnc¥ g}rcv }k wlfmv bjwrjkrc bm ên ejwec. wjkc blv  l nmmv mk nmmv mk ên ncw wlfmvmw |}m zl rjmkm+

³Lwcefvcwc W÷gvl W÷g vlrm rmw, w, Em plvmgmw plvmgmw }k hce hcefvm fvm vlvå v lvåwjec. wjec. p}mw p}mw rln gcec ec hlfnlw. wmemolw mamgrjqlemkrm l }k ac acvlwrmvc |}m

wm bmol nnmqlv z kc l }kc bm l|}å+ Gvmc zc |}m+ pcv nc |}m wm ^m+ vlvlw qmgmw qlw eìw lnnì bm ncw nåejrmw bm nl gj}blb9 kj wj|}jmvlrvlwplwlww}we}vlnnlw+ %Kcemnc rcemwl eln. Am% bvc+ Em d}wrl lpvmkbmv+ Z mn glwc mw |}m ncw glepcw z ncw

lvfcnmw kc |}jmvmk mkwmülvem klbl? pmvc wå. mk glefjc. ncw hcefvmw bm nl nl gj} j}blb+

Ambvc. 670 g%b

Pcv|}m. plvl }k gckqmvwlbcv |}m gnlql mk nlw pl¥ nlfvlw }kl pm|}mül flkbmvjrl. ³|}ê mw3 mw mk ncw emvglbcw. mk ncw djeklwjcw. mk nl pnll pÿfnjgl bckbm wm bl mwm eckr÷k bm cpjkjckmw. bckbm dmkm¥ vlg j÷k rvlw dmkmv lg j÷ k hlk hlk jbc lnelgmklkbc lnelgmklkbc ncw wm¥ wm¥ vmw h}elkcw w} w}p}mwrl wlfjb}vål+

Plvrmvc bm nl qmvblb Ej lvrm bm hlgmv blv l n} wm plvmgm l mwrlw plvrmvlw. pmvc wm bjamvmkgjl mk |}m zc lwjwrc l ncw hcefvmw z kc l nlw e}omvmw z mk |}m mxlejkc nlw lnelw. pmvc kc ncw g}mvpcw+ Lhcvl fjmk. nc eìw dvlkbm |}m hlz mk ej lvrm mw nl glplgjblb bm pckmv l pv}mfl wj nc |}m mkdmkbvl mn cmkwlejmkrc bmn ocqmk mw lndc jeldjklvjc z alnwc c dm% k}jkc z qmvblbmvc Y+++U e}ghcw em vmpvcghlk |}m wjme% pvm pvm pvmd}krc l crvcw z zc ejwec kc bcz kjkd}kl vmw% p}mwrl pcv ej alnrl bm wlfjb}vål Y+++U+ Z mw mqjbmkrm |}m kc lpvmkbmk k}kgl klbl bm eå. p}mw wck mnncw ejwecw z   pcv  wj ejwecw ncw |}m bmwg}fvmk z mkdmkbvlk e}ghcw pmkwlejmkrcw fmnncw+ Rmmrmrc. <=0 b%m

…

Jvckål z elz ê}r jgl

Mk embjc bm mwrcw bjìncdcw gck w}w gckrmepcvì¥ kmcw+ W÷gvlrmw }rjnjl }kl acvel mwpmgjln bm pvm¥ d}krlw. }k mxlemk bm nc |}m mn jkrmvncg}rcv gvmm wl¥   fmv? nl jvckål z nl elzê}rjgl?

Mwm mkdmkbvlv mk wå ejwec rjmkm }k kcefvm. gckgmprc. |}m ln}bm l rcbc mwm pvcgmwc bm dmwrl¥ gj÷k |}m cg}vvm mk nl emkrm bmn hcefvm+ Ln}e¥   fvlv mwcw gckgmprcw (bm gckgjpjc? gckgmfjv. glprlv  lndc gck lz}bl bm lndc* mw mn ecemkrc mwmkgjln bmn wlfmv+ G}lkbc pmkwlecw. }rjnjlecw mn nmk¥ d}lom jkrmvjcv. bmwpmvrlbc rln qm pcv nlw pvmd}krlw bm crvcw. c pcv nlw plnlfvlw bm }k njfvc. c pcv  k}mwrvc pvcpjc nmkd}lom |}m. bmwbm wå ejwec. wm hlgm hlgm rl efj êk pvmd}krlw pvmd}krlw l wå ejwec+ ejwec+

=+ Nl êrjgl bm W÷gvlrmw Rcbc mwrm o}mdc jkrmnmgr}ln gckb}gål l }kl emrl bm¥ rmvejklbl? nl bm mb}glv ln hcefvm pcv embjc bm }k gckrjk}c momvgjgjc mk f}wgl bmn fjmk |}m. mk nl gj}¥ blb. kc pc bå l wmv wmv crvc |}m |}m mn fjmk gcnmgrj qc. nl o}wrj gjl (÷jxv~*+ Mwm momvgjgjc rmkål rlefjêk }k kcefvm. lvmrm. nl mxgmnmkgj l h}elkl. h}elkl. nl qjvr}b+ Nl rvlbjgj÷k dvjmdl hlfål mkwmülbc |}m ncw hêvcmw mvlk lvjwrcj. ncw emocvmw. pmvc w}w mxgmnmkrmw g}lnjbl¥ bmw wm bmfålk ln klgjejmkrc. l bckmw mwpmgjlnmw bm ncw bjcwmw+ Mwl lvmrm mvl hmvmblbl+ Gck mn k}mqc glefjc wcgjln wcgjl n |}m r}qc n}dlv mk mn wjdnc wjdn c Q z gck ncw qlncvmw bm nl bmecgvlgjl. wm pnlkrml mn pvcfnmel bm wj wm p}m¥ bm lpvmkbmv lpvmkbmv nl qjvr}b. gcec wm lpvmkbm lpvmkbm elrm eìrj gl w+ Mwrm pnlkrmlejmkrc. mk gckwcklkgjl gck mn e}kbc bm ncw wcajwrlw. |}m mkwmülflk gck nl vmr÷vjgl l pmv¥ w}lbjv z gckqmkgmv l ncw crvcw. ecb}nl mk W÷gvlrmw }kl k}mql ecvln+ ]kl ecvln jkbmpmkbjmkrm bm nl rvl¥ bjgj÷k z |}m hl bm gckwrv}jvwm mk a}kgj÷k bm nl wcnj¥ blvjblb z. wcfvm rcbc. bm nl vlgjcklnjblb+ Nl jkrmnj¥ dmkgjl. mn f}mk wmkrjbc z nl lveckål bm ncw bmwmcw wck nlw flwmw bm mwl ©wlfjb}vål êrjgl¹. nmqlkrlbl bmw¥ bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl gckgvmrl bm ncw hcefvmw+ Pcv mnnc. }kl qjvr}b |}m rjmkm gcec a}kblemkrc nl vlgjcklnj¥ blb p}mbm p}mbm.. mk gckwmg}mkgjl. mkwm ül vw m+

…

Nl jbml bmn fjmk

…

Nl vl÷k mw plnlfvl. plnlfvl. gce}kjg lgj ÷k. gckqmkgjejmk¥ rc+ Wj ncdvìvlecw mkrmkbmv mn fjmk. z p}bjêwmecw rvlkwejrjvnc gck mn nmkd}lom. hlfvålecw blbc }k   plwc mwmkgjln mk nl rmcvål |}m lz}bl l mb}glv wmvmw h}elkcw emocvmw+ Plvl mnnc. hmecw bm qmkgmv mn nlwrvm bm nlw plwjckmw z ncw bmwmcw pcv|}m? ³\}ê cpjklw bm nl gjmkgjl3. pvmd}krl W÷gvlrmw l Pvcrìdc vlw+ Nl elzcvål bm nl dmkrm pjmkwl |}m kc mw lndc ajvem z |}m p}mbl bjvjdjv gck wcfmvlkål Y+++U m jkgn}wc g}lkbc }k hcefvm pcwmm mn wlfmv. gvmmk |}m kc bcejkl mk ên mn gckc gjejmkrc. wjkc lndc

e}z

bjwrjk jkrc? }klw qmgmw

Nl amnjgj amn jgjblb blb bmn fjmk cfvlv cfvl v

Mn pvjkgjpjc bmn pnlgmv. bm amnjgjblb c }rjnjblb mw mn  fjmk. |}m mw pvcqmghcwc plvl mn jkbjqjb}c z plvl nl wc¥ gjmblb+ Pcv|}m klbjm. l wlfjmkblw. cfvl gckrvl w} pvc¥  pjc pvcqmghc. pvcqmghc. mn vmgckcgjejmkrc z pvìgr jgl bm nl o}wr j¥ gjl cavmgm cavmgm ln hcefvm nl eìxj el amnjgjblb + Mk mnnl pmvgjfm w} pmvrmkmkgjl l }k }kjqmvwc ec¥ vln. gvmlbc pcv mn momvgjgjc bm w} pvcpjl jkrmnjdmkgjl+ Mwrm pvjkgjpjc bm wcnjblvjblb hlgm |}m nl wlrjwalggj÷k jkbjqjb}ln lnglkgm }k kjqmn w}pmvjcv+ Nl e}mvrm bm W÷gvlrmw z w} lglrlejmkrc bm nlw nmzmw |}m nm gckbm¥ klk mw mn emocv emocv momepnc bm bm mwrl w}pmvl w}pm vlgj gj÷k ÷k++

nl plwj÷k.

crvlw mn pnlgmv. l qmgmw mn bcncv. lnd}klw mn lecv. e}ghlw

³Pvmamvjvålw rÿ. eìw fjmk. plbmgmv jko}wrjgjl |}m gcem

mn ejmbc Y+++U ³c gvmmw |}m nl gjmkgjl mw glpl bm bcejklv

rmvnl3 Mk qmvblb |}m. p}mwrc mk mwl lnrmvklrjql. lnrmvklrjql. kc em

ln hcefvm z wj }kc gckcgm nc |}m mw mn fjmk z nc |}m mw mn

d}wr d}wrlv lvåål qmvem cfnjdlbc l mnmdjv mkrvm gcemrmv jko}wrj jko}wrj

eln. oleìw wmvì qmkgjbc pcv klbl kj cfvlvì bm elkmvl bjw

gjl gjl c plbmgmvnl+ Pmvc wj rmkdc |}m hlgmvnc. pvmajmvc w}

rjkrl l nc nc |}m nl gjmkgjl gjmkgjl z mn gckcgjejmkrc nm cvbmkl3 Mk

avjv nl jko}wrjgjl |}m gcemrmvnl+

mn wlfmv flwrlvål plvl lz}blv ln hcefvm+  Pvcrìdcvlw. 7=6 f%g mwrm glwc w÷nc

Dcvdjlw.

… Pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. mwrm jkrmnmgr}lnjwec jepnjgl rle¥   fjêk }k gjmvrc bcejkjc (êZXcìxmrl* wcfvm ncw crvcw ©hlfjrlkrmw¹ bm nl pmvwckl+ W÷nc |}jmk cfvl wlfjmkbc |}m cfvl fjmk lnglkl nl ecvlnjblb z rlefjêk nl amnj gjblb  (mj*÷g}}.cqål*+ Nl êrjgl wcgvìrjgl lnglkl }k kjqmn bm l}rc%gcepnlgmkgjl |}m kc p}mbm gcka}kbjv¥ wm. wm. wjk meflvdc. meflvdc. gck }k wjepnm }rjnj rlvjwec? rlvjw ec?

21: f. z Gvjr÷k. 2: l. ww+

B j em kw j ÷ k jkbjqjb}ln z gcnmgrjq gcnmgrjqll bmn fjmk

W÷gvlrmw mwrlfnmgm mn pvjkgjpjc bmn gcepcvrlejmkrc ecvln mk lndc |}m vlbjgl mk nl jkrjejblb bmn hcefvm+ Wjk meflvdc. mwrm a}kblemkrc pmvwckln lb|}jmvm wmk¥ rjbc g}lkbc mw glpl bm lbmg}lvwm l }kl mwrv}gr}vl gcnmgrjql gcnmgr jql |}m |}m bl ln jkbjqj b}c. ln lgmprlvnl. w} a}mvl a}mvl z w} qmvblb+ ]kl qmvblb |}m pmvejrm l glbl wmv h}elkc wmk

³Kc rm bl qmvdþmkl. W÷gvlrmw. bm hlfmvrm bmbjglbc l }kl cg}plgj÷k |}m lhcvl rm pckm mk pmnjdvc bm e}mvrm3 Pmvc l |}jmk lwå hlfnl zc nm bjvål lhcvl }klw plnlfvlw o}wrlw? Kc rjmkmw vl÷k. lejdc. wj gvmmw |}m }k hcefvm bm pvcqmghc hl bm rmkmv mk g}mkrl mn vjmwdc bm qjqjv qjqjv c ecvjv. wjkc mn bm mxlejklv. ln cfvlv. wj hlgm gcwlw o}wrlw c jko}wrlw z lgrcw pvcpjcw bm }k hcefvm f}mkc c bm }k hcefvm elnc+

 Lpcncdål.

68 f

rjvwm ejmefvc bm }kl gce}kjblb  |}m w}pmvl. gck nl  o}wrjgjl. mn njejrlbc mwplgjc bm nl pmvwckl gckgvmrl+ Mw gjmvrc |}m |}m mwrl mwrl cpcw jgj÷ jg j÷kk wm mkavmkr mkavmkrlfl lfl l eÿnrjpn eÿnrj pnmw mw gckrvlbjggjckmw z |}m nl jko}wrjgjl p cbå l. l qmgmw. wmv¥ wmv¥ qjvwm bm nlw nmzmw+ Pmvc mwrlw pcwjfnmw mxgmpgjckmw kc jepmbålk |}m wm elkr}qjmwm nl rmwjw a}kblemkrln? hl¥ gmv o}wrc z f}mkc ln jkbjqjb}c. pcv|}m wjmepvm mwl  o}wrjgj  o}wr jgjll z fckblb lglflv lglf lvìì jepmvlkbc jepmvlkbc mk nlw nmzmw nmzmw z mk ncw hcefvmw |}m nlw lbejkjwrvlk+

mkwêülem bm }kl qm wj kcwcrvcw. rÿ z zc. wcecw }kc. c rÿ mvmw bcw z zc

rlefjêk wcz bcw+

Dcvdjlw

P NLR×K. Hjpjlw Elzcv 70
Mn a}kblemkrc bm nl mb}glgj÷k mb}glgj÷k Nl mb}glgj÷k bm ncw |}m gcfvlflk pcv ncw bjwg}vwcw mvå mvåwrj wrjgcw gcw mvl wmem olkrm ln eêr eê rcbc cb c bm Dcvdjlw+ P}mw }kcw blflk plvl lpvmkbmv bm em ecvjl pjmlw cvlrcvjlw. crvcw blflk g}mwrjcklvjcw. rmelw lefcw mk nncw cw |}m }kcw z crvcw gvmå gvmålk |}m vmglm

vålk nlw lvd}emkrlgjckmw vmgåpvcglw+ Pcv mwl vl÷k nl mkwmülkl mvl vìpj bl pmvc alnrl bm a}kble a}kblemkrc+ Zl

|}m gvmålk mb}glv cavmgjmkbc kc nl rêgkjgl z mn eêrcbc. wjkc ncw vmw}nrl bcw bm mwl rêgkjgl. bm ecbc wmem olkrm l gcec wj }kc pvcemrjmvl rvlkwejrjv gckcgjejmkrcw wcfvm g g÷ ÷ ec mqjrlv mn bcncv bm pjmw z kc mkwm

ülvl kj nl rêgkjgl bm hlgmv lplrcw. kj b÷kbm cfrmkmv rlnmw gckcgjejmk rcw. wjkc |}m wm nnjejrlvl jejrlvl l pvmwmkrlv bjwrjkrcw rjpcw bm glnlbc+ glnlbc+

LVJWR×RMNMW. Vma}rlgjckmw wcaåwrjglw

<87f71%<82l4=+

W÷gvlrmw Hlz e}ghcw embjcw. mk glbl cgl cgl wj÷k wj÷k bm pmnjdvc bm mqjrlv nl e}mvrm. wj wm rjmkm nl cwl cwlbål bå l bm hlgmv z bmgjv g}ln|}jmv gcwl+ Kc mw. p}mw. bjaågj bjaågjn. n. lrmkjmkwmw. mqjrlv nl e}mvrm. mw e}

ghc eìw bjaågjn mqjrlv nl elnblb+ Mk mamgrc. gcvvm eìw eìw bmpvjwl |}m nl e}mvrm+ Lhcvl zc. gcec wcz nmkrc nmkrc z qjmoc. hm wjbc lnglklbc pcv nl eìw eìw nmkrl bm nlw bcw+ Mk glefjc. ejw lg} lg} wlbcvmw. gcec wck rmejfnmw z ìdjn ìdj nmw. mw. hlk wjbc lnglklbcw pcv nl eìw vìpj vìpj

bl. nl elnblb+ Lhcvl zc qcz l wlnjv bm l|}å l|}å gckbmklbc gckbmklbc l e}mvrm pcv qc wcrvcw. z êwr êwrcw cw.. gckbmklbcw pcv nl qmvblb. g}nplfnmw bm pmvqmvwjblb m jko}wrjgjl+ Zc em lrmkdc l eå mwrj

elgj÷k z êwrcw l nl w}zl+ P NLR×K. Lpcncdål bm W÷gvlrmw. 7:l%f

Hjpjlw ³]kl fvcel fvc el bm W÷gvlrmw W÷gvlrmw3 3 Kcwcrvcw. |}mvjbc Hjpjlw. bjgm W÷ W÷ gvlrmw. lkrmw bm hlfmvrm cåbc mwlw vlckmw. êvl êv lecw rlk kmgjcw |}m rm kål kå lecw nl gvmmkgjl. vmwpmgrc l rj z l eå. |}m glbl }kc bm kcwcrvcw mvl }kc z |}m mwrc |}m êvlecw glbl }kc

bm kcwcrvcw kc nc êvlecw ncw bcw

Ncw wcajwrlw. rmwrjeckjcw z avld emkrcw+ Pv÷ncdc. rvlb}ggj÷k z kcrlw bm Ocwê Wcnlkl B}mwc+

Flvgmnckl. Gåvg}nc bm Nmgrcvmw. <::1+

Wcajwrlw. rmwrjeckjcw rmwrjeckjcw z avld emkrcw+ Jkrvcb}ggj÷k. rvlb}g gj÷k gj÷kzkcrlwbmLkrckjc bm Lkrckjc Emnmvc mnmvc

Fmnnjbc+ Elbvjb. Dvmbcw. <::1+

o}krcw+ Rlk dvlkbm mvl k}mwrvl rck rmvå rmvål+ l+ Pmvc lhcvl hmecw lpvmkbjbc bm rj |}m wj ncw bcw o}krcw wcecw bcw. mw kmgmwlvjc |}m glbl }kc bm kcwc rvcw wml bcw z |}m. wj glbl }kc mw

gjbmkrm. < : 1 1 +

}kc. mw kmgmwlvjc rlefjêk |}m ncw

R C E Ì W G L N Q C . Bm ncw wcajwrlw l

bcw wmlecw }kc+ Zl |}m mw jepcwj

Pnlr÷k. pcnårjgl z pmkwlejmkrc.

fnm |}m. wmdÿk mwl gckrjk}l vl÷k z wmkrjbc bm rcbc nc vmln |}m lajvel Hjpjlw. wml bm crvc ecbc+ Lwå p}mw. nc |}m wmlk ncw bcw nc mw glbl }kc z nc |}m wmlecw glbl }kc nc wmlk ncw bcw+ Gckqmkgjbc zl pcv rj. em |}m

bc |}jmrc l|}å+ Wjk meflvdc. Hjpjlw.

AVLKGJWGC V+ LBVLBCW. Jn}w%

rvlgj÷k z pcnårjgl mk nl Dvmgjl gnìwjgl. Elbvjb. Vmqjwrl bm Cg

Elbvjb. Gjkgmn. < : 8 = + Qjbl bm W÷ gvlrmw+ Elbvjb. Lnjlkl Mbjrc vjln. < : 8 7 +

LKRCKJC RCQLV +

J+ A+ WRCKM.

Mn o}jgjc n o}jgjc bm W÷gvl%

rmw+ Elbvjb. Eckblbcvj. <:88+

Pnlr÷k

JKACVELGJ×K < Pnlr÷ Pnl r÷k k z w} cfvl cfvl <+ ]kl ]kl kcrl kcrl fjcdvìajgl fjcdvìajg l 6+ Ajncwcalv bjlncdlkbc 6

Mn mwgmklvjc bm nl ajncwcaål <+ Nl qjwj÷k mk nl wcefvl

6+ Njfmvlgj÷k 7 Nl rmcvål pnlr÷k jgl bm nlw jbmlw jbmlw <+ Nlw jbmlw

6+ Nl ejvlbl 7+ Plnlfvlwmjbmlw 2+ Ecbmncw bm nc vmln =+ Ncwbcw e}kbcw 1+ Jbmlwzqlnc ncvmw

4+ Plvrjgjplv 8+ Nl ¬bml bmn Fjmk 2 Mn lnel

z mn gckcgjejmkrc <+ Gckgmprc bm lnel

mk Pnlr÷k 6+ Gckcgmv mw vmgcvblv

= Nl lvmrm bmn jkbjqjb}c <+ ³P}mbm lpvmkbmvwm nl lvmaê3 6+ Bmwpmvrlv mn bmwmc

Mwg}mnl bm Pnlr÷k (Lglbmejl*+ Ecwljgc bmn E}wmc Klgjckln bm Ülp÷nmw+

bmn Fjmk |}m b}mvem mk k}mwrvl emecvjl jl

1 Nl rmcvål pcnårjgl bm Pnlr÷k <+ Nl o}wrjgjl. jbmln bm nl gce}kjblb

6+ Kjqmnmw bm cvdlkjlgj÷k bmn Mwrlbc

7+ Ncw vmdåemkmw pcnårjgcw

RMXRCW

R 

cbc mk Pnlr÷k mw cvjdjkln z wcvpvmkbmkrm? hlfmv mkwmülbc l ajncwcalv  bjlncdlkbc9 hlfmv elkjamwrlbc nl qjbl jkrmnmgr}ln bm Lrmklw z w}w pvc%   pjlw pvmcg}plgjckmw jkrmnmgr}lnmw gcec }k dvlk bjìncdc jklglflbc9 hl% fmv bmwg}fjmvrc |}m rvlw nl gvårjgl ln nmkd}lom z ln wmkrjbc bm nl plnlfvl hlfål |}m pvczmgrlvwm hlgjl gckcgjejmkrcw eìw wmd}vcw9 hlfmv n}ghlbc pcv  mkgckrvlv mk nlw Jbmlw z mk gckgmprcw mwrlfnmw mn gckcgjejmkrc |}m mn an}jv bm nl vmlnjblb plvmgål jepmbjv z. mk ajk. hlfmv jkr}jbc |}m qjqjv mw gckqjqjv z hl% fmv rvllbc. gck mnnc. nlw nåkmlw a}kblemkrlnmw bm nl mb}glgj÷k z bm nl rmcvål  pcnårjgl+

P nl r ÷ k z w} c f vl hlwrl |}m ncw qmvblbmvcw ajn÷wcacw nnmd}mk l nl pcnårjgl. g |}m ncw |}m rjmkmk zl mn pcbmv wmlk l}rêkrjgcw ajn÷wcacw+ Glvrl QJJ+ 761+

Mwrm rmxrc bmol qmv rvmw jbmlw a}kblemkrlnmw wc¥   fvm nlw |}m bmwglkwl nl fjcdvlaål bm Pnlr÷k? <+ nl jepcvrlkgjl bmn gckcgjejmkrc+ 6+ nl }k j÷ k bmn wlfmv wlfmv gck nl pcnårjgl+ 7+ nl o}wrjgjl gcec w}wrmkrc bm nl qjbl jkbjqj¥ b}ln z gcnmgrjql+ Gckecqjbc pcv nl e}mvrm bm W÷gvlrmw. Pnlr÷k lflkbck÷ Lrmklw %rmkål mkrckgmw 68 lücw% mk }kj÷k bm crvcw wcgvìrjgcw+ Bmwp}êw bm }kl fvmqm mwrlkgjl mk Emdlvl. gj}blb vjqln bm Lrmklw z Gcvjkrc. vmdvmw÷ bm k}mqc l w} gj}blb. Lrmklw. bm bckbm plvrj÷ n}mdc l Gjvmkm+ Lnnå gckcgj÷ l Lvjwrjpc z ln elrmeìrjgc Rmcbcvc+ Pmvc. wjk b}bl. mn qjlom eìw jepcvrlkrm bm mwrm pmvåcbc a}m mn |}m vmlnj÷ l Wjgjnjl+ Mw pvcflfnm |}m }k pcnårjgc z ajn÷wcac pjrld÷vjgc. l |}jmk gckcgj÷ mk Rlvmkrc. nc lkjelvl l mwm qjlom+ Mk Wjvlg}wl. mk nl gcvrm bm Bjckjwjc J+ rjvlkc bm nl gj}blb. mkgckrv÷ l Bj÷k. plvjmkrm bm Bjckjwjc z ln |}m nm }kjvì }kl mkrvlülfnm lejwrlb+ ]k lggjbmkrlbc qjlom bm vmdvmwc nc nnmq÷ bm k}mqc l Lrmklw+ Gcvvål mn lüc 784. Pnlr÷k rjmkm zl 20 lücw+ Jkan}jbc. pcwjfnm¥ emkrm. pcv nl mwg}mnl pjrld÷vjgl. gcepvl }k djekl¥ wjc mk }k rmvvmkc pv÷xjec l Lrmklw bckbm h}fc }k wlkr}lvjc bmbjglbc ln hêvcm Lglbmec+ Lnnå. mk nc |}m bmwp}êw hlfvål bm nnlelvwm Lglbmejl. gcejmkl l vm}kjvwm gck w}w lejdcw z bjwgåp}ncw. z. b}vlkrm qmjkrm lücw. nc |}m pcbvålecw nnlelv pvjemvl }kjqmv¥ wjblb m}vcpml. mw mn pvjemv gmkrvc bm acvelgj÷k pcnå¥ rjgl m jkrmnmgr}ln bm ncw o÷qmkmw dvjmdcw+ Rln qm gc¥ ec av}rc bm mwrlw mkwmülklw. mwgvjfm mk mwl êpcgl lnd}kcw bm w}w bjìncdcw eìw jepcvrlkrmw? Flk|}mrm+   Amb÷k.

Vmpÿfnjgl.

Ambvc+

Mkrvm ncw lücw 714 z 71<. Pnlr÷k q}mnqm l Wjvl¥ g}wl. gck nl mwpmvlkl bm |}m w} lejdc Bj÷k p}¥ bjmvl vmlnjlv. mk nl gcvrm bm Bjckjwjc JJ. |}m hlfål w}gmbjbc l w} plbvm. nlw vmacvelw pcnårjglw |}m kc   p}bc nnmqlv l glfc mn lkrmvjcv rjvlkc+ Nl alecwl Glvrl QJJ kcw g}mkrl rcblw nlw pmvjpmgjlw |}m vc¥ bmlvck mwrcw mepmücw pnlr÷kjgcw pcv gckwrv}jv mk nl vmlnjblb mn w}müc jbmln bm nl Vmpÿfnjgl+ Hlwrl w} e}mvrm. |}m r}qc n}dlv mk mn lüc 724. Pnlr÷k gckrj¥ k}÷ bjvjdjmkbc z mkwmülkbc mk nl Lglbmejl+ L}k|}m e}z vmw}ejblemkrm. hmecw |}mvjbc bmwrlglv lnd}kcw w}gmwcw bm nl fjcdvlaål bm Pnlr÷k.   pcv|}m kcw plvmgm |}m mxpvmwlk mn wmkrjbc |}m rjm¥ km nl ajncwcaål mk Dvmgjl+ Nc hmecw qjwrc zl mk ncw

ajn÷wcacw lkrmvjcvmw l Pnlr÷k9 pmvc mw. wcfvm rcbc. mk w} cfvl bckbm eìw gnlvlemkrm lplvmgm nl }kj÷k mkrvm mn pmkwlejmkrc z nl qjbl. qjbl. nl rmcvål z nl pvl¥

xjw+ xjw + Pcv mwc kc bmol bm wcvpvmkbmv wcvpv mkbmv nl mrj|}mrl bm bm ©jbmlnjwec¹ |}m wm lpnjgl. gck gjmvrl njdmvml. l w} ajncwcaål+ Mw qmvblb |}m bmwg}fvj÷ }k e}kbc bm jbmlw. plvlnmnc plvln mnc ln e}kbc bm nlw gcwlw9 pmvc w} cfvl vmfcwl bm mxpmvjmkgjlw gckgvmrlw z. l rvlqêw bm mnnl.   pcbmecw bmwg}fvjv nlw pvmcg}plgjckmw bm w}w gcm¥ rìkmcw z f}mkl plvrm bm nl hjwrcvjl bm w} rjmepc+

6+ Ajncwcalv bjlncdlkbc bjlncdlkbc Pnlr÷k. pjkrlbc pcv Vlalmn+ Bmrlnnm bm Nl mwg}mnl

 Kc w÷nc ncw gckrmkjbcw bm ncw mwgvjrcw bm Pnlr÷k. wj¥

Qlrjglkcw+ bm Lrmklw+ E}wmcw Qlrjglkcw+

kc rlefjêk nl acvel mk |}m mwcw mwgvjrcw wm hjgjm¥ vck pÿfnjgcw wck e}mwrvl bm }k pmkwlejmkrc qjqc z w}omrc l ncw nlrjbcw bm nl qjbl+ Mwgvjfj÷ bjìncdcw. mk

Pmvc. Pmvc. l pmwlv pmwlv bm bm nlw bjqldlgjckmw z nlw jkgmvrj jkg mvrj% %

ncw |}m }k gmkrmklv bm pmvwcklomw gckrvlwrlk w}w

b}efvmw. mwrcw ©bjìncdcw¹ wck }k mwråe}nc gckwrlk¥

cpjkjckmw+ Mn pvcrldckjwrl bm nl elzcvål bm mwrlw

rm plvl mn pmkwlejmkrc. plvl mkrmkbmv mn wmkrjbc wmkr jbc bm

©gckqmvwlgjckmw¹ w}mnm wmv W÷gvlrmw. |}m jepckm

nl ajncwcaå a jncwcaål l z plvl a}kblv mn nmkd}lom mk mk mn |}m pvm¥

}kl gjmv gjmvrl rl l}rcvjblb mkrvm ncw jkrmvncg}rcvm jkrmvn cg}rcvmw+ w+ Pmvc.

rmkbm mxpvmwlvwm+ Mn |}m Pnl Pnlr÷k r÷k mwgvjfjmw mwgv jfjmwm m bjìncdcw

l pmwlv pmwlv bm mnnc. mnn c. kc hlz klbl eìw lnmolbc bmn bcd¥

mw pv}mfl rlefjêk bmn bcejkjc |}m nl cvlnjblb rmkål cvlnjblb rmkål

elrjwec |}m mwrl elkjamwrlgj÷k bm l}rcvjblb+ Ln

mk w} rjmepc+ Nc }w}ln mvl bjlncdlv z kc mwgvjfjv+

ajkln bm lnd}kcw bm mwrcw mwrcw bjìn bj ìn cdcw cd cw . w}w pmvwcklomw pmvwcklomw

Nc eìw pv÷xjec. p}mw. l nl qc. l nl gce}kjglbcw

kc wlfmk zl l |}ê lrmkmvwm+ Bmwp}êw bm bjwg}rjv.

jkembjlrl bmn pmkwlejmkrc. mvl mn bjìncdc+ L mwl jk¥

  pcv momepnc. mk mn Njwjw. wcfvm nl lejwrlb+ W÷gvlrmw

embjlrm mwrlflk lgcwr}efvlbcw ncw dvjmdcw. z nl vm¥

gjmvvl mn bjìncdc gck mwrlw plnlfvlw?

qcn}gj÷k pmbld÷djgl bm ncw wcajwrlw z w}w o}mdcw gck mn nmkd}lom hlfålk wjbc pvmg}vwcvmw bm mwrm bcejkjc

G}lkbc wm qlzlk êwrcw. bjvìk |}m kcwcrvcw gvmålecw wmv

bm nl plnlfvl qjql z ©bjlncdlbl¹+ Wjk meflvdc. l pm¥

lejdcw+ lejdcw+++ ++ z+ wjk meflvdc. kc hmecw wjbc glplgmw bm bmw

wlv bm nl gvårj gvå rjgl gl |}m |}m Pnlr÷k Pnlr ÷k hlgm bm nl mwgvjr}vl. w}w

g}fvjv |}ê mw wmvnc+

mxrvlcvbjklvjlw g}lnjblbmw njrmvlvjlw nm wjrÿlk mkrvm ncw 667f

dvlkbmw mwgvjrcvmw bm rcbcw ncw rjmepcw+

bm nl a}mvl. nl jko}wrjgjl z mn gjkjwec pcnårjgc. mw }kl f}mkl

Nl cfvl mwgvjrl bm Pnlr÷k Bmw mwp}ê }êw bm k}emvcwlw jkqmwrjdlgjckmw z gck lz}bl bm bj qmvwcw eêr eêrcbcw cbcw wm hl nnmdlb nnmdlbc l mwrlfnmgmv }kl gjmvrl gvckc

pv}mflbmmwrcwpvcfnmelw+ 7*

ncdål mk ncw bjìncdcw+ Rvlbjgjcklnemkrm. ncw mwpmgjlnjwrlw ncw hlk bjqjbjbc mk g}lrvc pmvåcbcw? <* Êpcgl bm o}qmkr}b (lüc 7:7%78:*+ L mnnl gcvvmwpckbmk cfvlw gcec Lpcncdål. Gvjr÷k. Pvcrìdcvlw. Rvlwåelgc.   Njwjw. Gìvejbmw z M}rjav÷k+ Mwrcw mwgvjrcw. e}z jkan}jbcw nlgjc rcblqål pcv W÷gvlrmw. rvlrlk. wcfvm rcbc. bm rmelw vmnl

vlfnm. rlkrcmknl hjwrcvjlbm nl njrmvlr}vl gcecbm nl ajnc mwrl êpcgl wm pvmgjwl nl rmcvål bm nlw jbmlw. nl rm mc cvå vål bmn lecv z wm mxpckmk lnd}kcw bm ncw dvlkbmw ej rcw? mn ejrc bmn bmwrjkc bm nlw lnelw (Amb÷k. <04f ww+*9 mn bm w} glåbl (Pmbvc. 622m ww+*9 mn bm ncw glflnncw lnlbcw (Pmbvc. 621g ww+*9 mn bm nlw gjdlvvlw (Pmbvc. 6=:l ww+*9 mn

wcaål+ Mk

klbcw gck nlw plnlfvlw |}mmxpvmwlkgckgmprcw jepcvrlk

rmw bm nl g}nr} g}nr}vl vl dvjm dvjmdl? dl? ©o}wrjgjl¹. ©o}wrjg jl¹. ©gvmlgj÷k ©gvmlgj÷k pcêrj pcêrjgl gl¹. ¹. ©mb}glgj÷k¹. ©qlncv¹. ©lejwrlb¹. ©wlfmv¹. ©m|}jnjfvjc jkrm nmgr nm gr}l }ln¹. n¹. ©pjmbl ©pj mblb¹+ b¹+ Mn nmkd}l nmkd}lom om z w}w w}w wjdk wjdkjajglb jajglbcw cw wm pc pc kmk l pv}mfl mk nlw cpjkjckmw bm rlk bjqmvwcw jkrmvncg} jkrmvncg} rcvmw+ Mn pmkwlejmkrc ajn ajncw÷aj cw÷ajgc gc gcejmkl f}wglkbc mn wmkrjbcbmnlwplnlfvlw|}m mkgjmvvlknlwmxpmvjmkgjlw jk jk rmnmgr}lnmw bm }kl wcgjmblb+

6* Êpcgl bmn pvje pvjemv qjlo qjlomm l Wjgjnjl z bm nl a}kblg a} kblgj÷k j÷k bm nl Lglbmejl (788%78=*+ Mk mwrm pmvåcbc mwgvjfjvì mwgvjfjvì mn Gcvdjlw. Emk÷k. M}rjbmec. Hjpjlw Emkcv. Gvlrjnc. Hjpjlw Elzcv  z Emkêxmkc+ L}k|}m hlz eÿnrjpnmw pvmcg}plgjckmw %mn Gvl rjnc. pcv momepnc. wmvì nl pvjemvl jkqmwrjdlgj÷k ajncw÷ajgl wcfvm mn nmkd}lom%. pvmbcejklk nlw jk|}jmr}bmw pcnå når rjjglw+ w+ Mn Gcvdjlw. gck w} je jepvmwjcklkrm pmvwcklom Glnj njgn gnmw. w. bmamkwcv

Êpcgl bm elb}vm (78=%740*+ Lmnnl pmvrmkmgmklnd}kcw bm ncw eìw fmnncw bjìncdcw. gcec Amb÷k. Flk|}mrm. Vm  pÿfnjgl. Pmbvc. |}m cg}plk }k n}dlv bjaågjnemkrm w}pm

bm Mv (Vmpÿfnjgl. 1<2f*9 mn bm nl lefjdþmblb  bmn hce fvm (Flk|}mrm. <8:g ww+*9 mn bmn klgjejmkrc bmn lecv 2*

60< b ww*+ ww *+ (Flk|}mrm. 60< ßnrjecw lücw (71:%724*+ Mw mkrckgmw g}lkbc rjmkmk n} dlv mn wmd}kbc (lüc (lüc 714* z rmvgmv qjlom l Wjvlg}wl (lü (lüc c 71<*+ Mk mwrm rjmepc Pnlr÷k mwgvjfm Plveêkjbmw. Rmmrm%

rc. Mn wcajwrl. Pcnårjgl. Ajnmfc. Rjemc. Gvjflw. Nmzmw z  Mpjkcejw+ Mk mwrcw bjìncdcw. Pnlr÷k bjwg}rm w} pvcpjl rmcvål bm nlw jbmlw9 wm jkrmvmwl pcv pvcfnmelw bm n÷djgl. embjgjkl z gjmkgjlw klr}vlnmw+ Hlknnm nmdlbchlwrlkcwcrvcwlnd}kcwbj bjìnc ncdcw cwlrvjf}jbcwl Pnl

r÷k z }klw Glvrlw bm l}rcvål rlefjêk b}bcwl. l}k|}m lnd}kl bm mnnlw. gcec nl QJJ. plvmgmwmvcvjdjkln bmn mwgvjrcvlrmkjmkwm+

M n m w g m k l v jcj c b m n l a jnj n c w c a ålå l Mv+ jl Vmpÿfnjgl. }kc bm ncw dvlkbmw bjìncdcw pnl¥ r÷kjgcw. wm kcw klvvl }k ejrc |}m p}mbm wmvqjv pl% v³ mkrmkbmv lnd}kcw lwpmgrcw bm w} ajncwcaål+ Ln ackbc bm nl glqmvkl wm mkg}mkrvlk. lrlbcw bm pjmw z elkcw. }kcw mxrvlücw pmvwcklomw. cfnj¥ dlbcw l ejvlv wjmepvm avmkrm l mnncw+ L w}w mwpln¥ blw hlz }kl rlpjl. rvlw nl |}m plwlk pcvrmlbcvmw +Sm bmolk lwcelv pcv mkgjel bm mnnl ncw eìw ql¥ klbcw cfomrcw+ Pv÷xjel l nl rlpjl. nl n} bm }kl &+3d}mvl hlgm |}m mwcw cfomrcw wm vmanmomk wcfvm mn vckbc+ Mwrl ejwrmvjcwl pvjwj÷k wm lfvm. mk w} wlnj% n j + l crvl n}+ nl bmn wcn. |}m |}m jn}ejkl mn e}kbc e}kbc vmln. e}kbc bm nl qmvblb+ Êwrm wmvål mn mwgmklvjc ³3kbm wm vmpvmwmkrl mn pvjemv lgrc bm nl ajncwcaål ?^lr÷kjgl+

<+ Nl qjwj÷k mk nl wcefv wcefvll Wmdÿk mn wjefcnjwec pnlr÷kjgc. pcbvålecw pmkwlv  |}m ncw hcefvmw klgmk mkglbmklbcw l bmrmvejklbcw mw|}melw pvcpjcw bm nl êpcgl mk |}m qjqmk z bmwbm ; |}m gckrmepnlk w} qjbl+ Mwrl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k  pnlkrml }k pvcfnmel bm mxrvlcvbjklvjl ecbmvkjblb+ Gcec wj mn pmkwlejmkrc. nc |}m qmvblbmvlemkrm wc ecw. bmpmkbjmwm bm lndc |}m mwrì a}mvl bm kcwcrvcw ejwecw z |}m kcw gckbjgjckl z bmrmvejkl+ Plvl ncw pvjwjckmvcw bm nl glqmvkl. mn e}kbc mw nc |}m qmk+ Nl qmvblbmvl vmlnjblb mwrì. wjk meflv¥ dc. mk crvl plvrm+ Ln emkcw. mw nc |}m kcw hlgm gvmmv mn klvvlbcv bmn ejrc+ Ncw gckbmklbcw ln qmv  nc |}m crvcw nmw e}mwrvlk w÷nc gckcgmk mn e}kbc   pcv w} lplvjmkgjl+ ]kl lplvjmkgjl wjk w}wrlkgjl. wjk g}mvpc z vmanmolbl mk nl wcefvl+ Mk mwm pvjemv mwrlbjc. ncw hcefvmw w÷nc qmk jeìdmkmw9 pmvc czmk rlefjêk nlw plnlfvlw. nlw |}m mnncw wm bjgmk z nlw |}m qjmkmk bm nlw gckqmvwlgjc¥ kmw bmrvìw bm nl plvmb pcv bckbm plwlk |}jmkmw rvlkwpcvrlk ncw cfomrcw+ Wmd}vlemkrm. pmvwcklomw

nn}wrvlgj÷k bmn ejrc bm nl glqmvkl+ (Qmv rmxrc pnlr÷kjgc mk nl pìdjkl 46*+

  plvmgjbcw l êwrcw rmkbvìk nl ejwj÷k bm lrjlv mn a}mdc plvl |}m kc wm lglfm mn rjkdnlbc bm nl mkdl¥ ülbcvl jn}ejklgj÷k z bm nlw mkdlücwlw wcefvlw+ Wj rvlwplwlecw mwrl avckrmvl bmn ejrc z bm w} wjef cnj wec. pcbmecw pmkwlv |}m |}m l| }å wm hlfnl bm gckcgjejmkrc z bm wlfmv+ Ncw mkglbmklbcw wck rcbcw ncw wmvmw h}elkcw. w}omrcw l nc |}m w}w wmk¥ rjbcw ajnrvlk bmn e}kbc+ Mwrlecw. p}mw. lrlbcw l }k ecemkrc bmn e}kbc z bm nl hjwrcvjl+ Nc |}m qmecw mw nc |}m k}mwrvc pvmwmkrm kcw bmol qmv+ Z mwc |}m wm kcw bmol qmv. gck jkbmpmkbmkgjl bm nlw klr}vlnmw njejrlgjckmw bm k}mwrvcw wmkrjbcw. mw. mk   f}mkl plvrm. nc |}m mn nmkd}lom mk mn |}m klgmecw z nlw jkwrjr}gjckmw %alejnjl. mwg}mnlw. gmkrvcw bc¥ gmkrmw. mrgêrmvl% kcw mkwmülk+ Êwl mw. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. k}mwrvl glqmvkl+ ]kl glqmvkl |}m. mk   pvjkgjpjc. kc rjmkm |}m wmv lndc kmdlrjqc. pcv|}m mw mn e}kbc pvmwmkrm mk mn |}m. |}mvlecw c kc. kcw mkgckrvlecw+

6+ Njfmvlgj÷k Pmvc mn ejrc bmwgvjfm. lbmeìw. }k wmd}kbc mwrlbjc+ Mk ên wm kcw pvmwmkrl nl qjbl gcec }k pvcgmwc bm njfmvlgj÷k z }k glejkc |}m hlz |}m lkblv mk }kl bjvmggj÷k+ Ln ajkln bm mwm vmgcvvjbc wm hlnnl nl wlnj¥ bl z mk mnnl lplvmgm crvc e}kbc %gcwlw vmlnmw. n}. ljvm% bjwrjkrc bm nlw wjepnmw ©qjwjckmw¹ bm jeìdm¥ kmw z wcefvlw l nlw |}m mn pvjwjckmvc mwrlfl lgcw¥ r}efvlbc+ Mn ejrc pnlr÷kjgc elvgl }k wmkbmvc bmw¥ bm nl rjkjmfnl l nl n}. m jkbjgl. ln ejwec rjmepc. |}m mn glejkc mwrì lhå plvl vmgcvvmvnc+ Mkrvm rlk¥ rlw mkwmülklw bm mwrlw pìdjklw pnlr÷kjglw wm mk¥ g}mkrvl nl bm |}m mn wlfmv mw wjmepvm pvcdvmwc. gl¥ ejkc+ (Rln qm pcv mwc mn rêvejkc eêrcbc |}jmvm bmgjv  glejkc pcv vmgcvvmv+* Rcbc gckcgmv plvmgm w}vdjv bm mwl wcefvl jkj¥ gjln z w} emrl mw. rvlw mn vmgcvvjbc bm k}mwrvcw pl%

wcw ©emkrlnmw¹. nl jkrmnjdmkgjl bm nl vmlnjblb. z nl n} |}m n} |}m kcw nnmql l bmwg}fvjv mn e}kbc. jkqmwrjdlv¥ nc z. mk bmajkjrjql. hlgmvnc k}mwrvc. gckqmvrjvnc mk k}mwrvc nmkd}lom z. pcv w}p}mwrc. pcbmvnc gce}kj¥ glv bm elkmvl ajmn+ Pmvc hlz }k rmvgmv lgrc mk nl ©gcembjl¹ pnlr÷kj¥ gl+ Mn pvjwjckmvc |}m hlzl pcbjbc njfmvlvwm bm w}w lrlb}vlw z gckrmepnm. ln ajk. nc |}m hlz ln crvc nlbc bm nl glqmvkl. kc wm bmrjmkm mk mn dcc |}m. wjk b}bl. nm cavmgm nl vmlnjblb z nl n} gck nl |}m qm nl qmvblb+ Wm nmqlkrl mk ên }k wmkrjejmkrc bm wcnjblvj¥ blb gck ncw pcfvmw mkglbmklbcw |}m wjd}mk mk mn ackbc. z mwm wmkrjejmkrc nm jep}nwl l gce}kjglv l ncw lkrjd}cw gceplümvcw w} wcvpvmkbmkrm bmwg}fvj¥ ejmkrc+ ]k gcepckmkrm ecvln. }kl lgrjr}b bm wcnjbl¥

vjblb plvmgm mkgckrvlvwm mk rcbc pvcgmwc bm gckcgj¥ ejmkrc+ Mn wlfmv kc mw wlfmv wj kc wm gce}kjgl. }kjgl. wj

kc wm mkwmül. wj kc wjvqm plvl wmkrjv mk ên nl kmgmwj¥ blb bm gceplvrjv z mb}glv+ Mn ejrc pnlr÷kjgc bmol. wjk meflvdc. }k wlfcv pm¥ wjejwrl+ Ncw pvjwjckmvcw. amnjgmw mkrvm w}w wcefvlw. kc |}jmvmk mwglplv bm w}w glbmklw+ Mwrìk g÷ecbcw lnnå. ln lfvjdc bm nl gcwr}efvm. z wm våmk bm |}jmk nmw hlfnl bm crvc e}kbc qmvblbmvc z vmln9 nm rcelk pcv  ncgc z wj nm p}bjmvlk mghlv elkc lglflvålk pcv el¥ rlvnc+ Wjk meflvdc. mkrvm mwcw bcw e}kbcw. mn bm nl glqmvkl z mn bm nl n}. mn bm nl njfmvrlb z mn bm nl pvj¥ wj÷k. hlz }kl avckrmvl |}m vmpvmwmkrl mn ecqjejmkrc bmn pvjemv njfmvlbc z w} kmgmwjblb kmgmwjblb bm njfmvlv rlefj êk l ncw bmeìw+

N l r m c v ålå l p n l r ÷ k j g l b m nln l w jbj b m l w <+ Nlw jbmlw Nc mxpnjglbc lkrmvjcvemkrm kcw nnmql l lklnjlv nc |}m mkgckrvlecw a}mvl bm nl glqmvkl z |}m gckwrjr}¥ zm crvc kÿgnmc a}kblemkrln bm nl ajncwcaål bm Pnlr÷k? w} rmcvål bm nlw jbmlw+ Mwrl alecwl rmcvål. |}m wm gckwjbmvl }k råpjg c bmwg}fvjejmkrc bmwg}fvjejmkrc pnl r÷k jgc . mkgck¥ rv÷. gcec hmecw qjwrc. }k lbmg}lbc mwgmklvjc mk mn ejrc bm nl glqmvkl+ Wjk meflvdc. mk k}mwrvlw vmanm¥ xjckmw wcfvm nl hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål. mw jepcvrlkrm   pvmd}krlvkcw. wcgvìrjglemkrm. ³pcv |}ê lwå3. ³|}ê |}jmvm bmgjv mwrl rmcvål3 Mw e}z pcwjfnm |}m nlw vmw¥   p}mwrlw kcw nnmd}mk bmwbm nl ejwel g}nr}vl dvjmdl+ ]kl bm nlw dvlkbmw lpcvrlgjckmw bm mwrl g}nr}vl a}m a}m w} mwpnmkbcv lvr åwr jgc + E}ghl w qmgmw qmgmw hmecw hmecw lb¥ ejvlbc. mk ncw e}wmcw. mwlw mwg}nr}vlw pmvamgrlw   pvcb}gjblw pcv ncw dvjmdcw |}m plvmgmk pmvwmd}jv  }kl acvel w}pvmel bckbm wm mxpvmwm nc emocv. nc eìw lglflbc z gcepnmrc bm }k jbmln bmn |}m nlw acvelw h}elklw wck jejrlgj÷k z vmanmoc+ ]kl rmkwj÷k hlgjl nl lveckål plvmgm an}jv pcv  mwcw mwcw elvlqjnncwcw g}mvpcw+ ]k l lvec kå l |}m |}m mvl gc¥ ec }kl mwpmgjm bm mwpåvjr} |}m wcpnl wcfvm mn eìv¥ ecn+ Nl plnlfvl glkck. mkrmkbjbl gcec vmdnl bm   pvcpcvgjckmw jbmlnmw. mw }k rêvejkc |}m. bmwbm ncw dvjmdcw. dvjmdcw. nnmdl. hlwrl hlwrl k}mwrvc k}mwrvcww bålw+ Mk nl fÿw|} mb l bm mwm glkck. mxjwrål. p}mw. mn bmwmc bm }k rcbc. }kl mwrv}gr}vl w}pmvjcv floc nl |}m nc vmln  wm cvdlkjlwm+ Mn lvrjwrl |}m mwg}npål w} mwrlr}l lkblfl rvlw mwl  pmvamggj÷k |}m. bm lnd}kl elkmvl. plvmgål mwrlv zl. mk gckrcecw rcblqål gcka}wcw. bmkrvc bm ên ejwec+ Rlefjêk nl elrmeìrjgl dvjmdl mwr}qc bcejklbl   pcv nl jbml bm pmvamggj÷k+ Lwå. mn gåvg}nc mvl nl nåkml eìw pmvamgrl z w} elzcv p}vml nl lnglklfl mk nlw

÷vfjrlw bm nlw mwrvmnnlw+ Nl dmcemrvål. rlk lbejvlbl  pcv Pnlr ÷k. ÷k . gckwrjr}zm }k f}mk momepnc momepnc plvl w} rmcvål[ bm nlw jbmlw+ Mamgrjqlemkrm. ncw cfomrcw dmceêrvjgcw wck jbmlw %nl bmn rvjìkd}nc. nl gjvg}kamvmkgjl. nl nå¥ kml% |}m kc bmpmkbmk bm nlw eÿnrjpnmw ©vmlnjlgjc kmw¹ |}m bm mnnlw mkgckrvmecw mk mn e}kbc wmkwjfnm? Gvmc |}m wlfmw |}m ncw |}m wm cg}plk bm dmcemrvål. lvjr¥ eêrjgl z crvcw mwr}bjcw wjejnlvmw Y+++U wm wjvqmk bm ajd}vlw wmkwjfnmw. pmvc kc pmkwlkbcmk mwlw ajd}vlw gckgvmrlw gckgvmrlw wjkc

mk l|}mnnc l nc |}m wm plvmgmk. bjwg}vvjmkbc. pcv momepnc. lgmvgl lgmvgl bmn g}lbvlbc g}lbvlbc mk wå z w} bjldckln. pmvc pmvc kc lgmvgl lgmvgl bmn |}m mnncw bjf}olk+  Vmpÿfnjgl. QJ. =<0g%m

Mwcw bjf}ocw wck gcec }k jkrmkrc bm lpvcxjelvwm l nl acvel jbmln ©mk w} bmwmc bm qmv l|}mnnlw gcwlw mk  wå. |}m kc p}mbmk wmv qjwrlw bm crvl elkmvl wjkc pcv  embjc embjc bmn pmkwlejmkr c¹+

6+ Nl ejvlbl Gck nl rmcvål bm nlw jbmlw wm bmwg}fvål }k ecrcv  bm dvlk bjklejwec jkrmnmgr}ln z kc w÷nc pcv|}m jfl l wmv nl a}mkrm bm }k rêvejkc z }k hcvjckrm bm   pmkwlejmkrc rlk }w}ln gcec mn jbmlnjwec+ Pmvc êwrm. z crvcw gckgmprcw plvmgjbcw. fvcrlvck bm }kl mxpmvjmkgjl jkembjlrl bmn e}kbc z bm nl qjbl+

Nl jbml mvl }kl acvel bm ejvlv qjmkbc+ Mamgrjql¥ emkrm. nl plnlfvl jbml rmkål }kl }kl vmnlgj÷k mrjecn ÷¥ djgl gck qmvfcw |}m wjdkjajglk qmv+ Jbml mw. p}mw. nc |}m wm qm+ Ejvlv qjmkbc |}jmvm bmgjv  wlfjmkbc nc |}m wm ejvl+ Wj wlfmecw |}m mwc |}m wm lgmvgl mw }k hce%

Algwåejn bm nl mbjgj÷k bm nlw cfvlw bm Pnlr÷k pvmplvlbl pcv Hmkvj Mrjmkkm (Wrmphlk}w* mrj <=48+   S?w %nÿemvcw |}m jkbjglk }kl gjrl bm Pnlr÷k ln nlbc bmn %?{Bvm bmn bjìncdc gcvvmwpckbjmkrm. pcv momepnc. Dcv% = 5w 286 l. Vmpÿfnjgl 71: f. wck }kl acvel e}z pvmgjwl 7m gjrlv jkrmvklgjcklnemkrm l Pnlr÷k (gck Lvjwr÷rmnmw. ?v{c qmvmecw. cg}vvm lndc plvmgjbc*+ Mwcw kÿemvcw. mk 3 glwc bm Pnlr÷k. wm vmajmvmk l nl pìdjkl z mwlw nmrvlw l nl nl ?g %ekl bm nl alecwl mbjgj÷k bmn rmxrc dvjmdc hmghl pcv v % oelkjwrl oelkjwrl m jepvm jepvmwc wcvv avl avlkgê kgêww Hmkv Hmkvjj Mrjmkk Mrjmkkm. m. p}fnjglbl p}fnjglbl k Plvåw mk <=48. z |}m wjd}mk vmpvcb}gjmkbc nlw f}m% %jw mbjgjckmw ecbmvklw+

vvm mw pcv|}m nc ejvlecw gcec hcefvm+ Nl vmlnj¥ blb gckgvmrl |}m pmvgjfjecw %}kl wmvjm bm gcncvmw z bm acvelw% |}mbl ©jbmlnjlbl¹. ©qjwrl¹. mk mwl  plnlfvl hcefvm |}m wm lnl bmwbm mn ackbc bm nl nmkd}l elrmvkl+ Kcw gcepcvrlecw avmkrm l ên bm   Skl bmrmvejklbl elkmvl. wmdÿk wml gckcgjbc c jmwgckcgjbc. alejnjlv c mxrvlüc+ Pmvc bm g}ln|}jmv  ecbc mwl plnlfvl |}m. gcec jbml. w÷nc mxjwrm mk mn ?vbmk bmn nmkd}lom z mn pmkwlejmkrc. kcw wjvqm plvl cvdlkjlv nc vmln z. ln ejwec rjmepc. plvl vmanmolv. v ;ml plvl vmanmxjcklv. plvl qcnqmv l pmkwlv nc vmln+ Nlw jbmlw jbmlw rjmkmk. lbm eìw bm mwm mwm glv ìgr mv }kjqmv¥ wln. z+ rln qm pcv mnnc. }k vlwdc pmg}njlv+ Ln kc mw¥ rlv gcepnjglblw mk ncw bmrlnnmw ©gckgvmrcw¹ gck |}m wm gckwrv}zm nc vmln. w} wmv mw }k wmv  lfwrvlgrc 9++ mk gckwmg}mkgjl. vmw}nrlbc bm nlw qlvjlblw z eÿnrjpnmw ©lplvjmkgjlw¹ mk nlw |}m mn e}kbc wm kcw {+}gm pvmwmkrm+ Pcv mnnc. l}k|}m hmecw bjghc |}m jbml mw qmvblbmvlemkrm nc |}m wm qm. mn qmvwm bm nl ?bml mw }kl acvel mwpmgjln z w}rjn bm qmv+ ]k qmv  %jkrmvjcv¹ bmn |}m rlefjêk rmkmecw mxpmvjmkgjl bjlvjl mk k}mwrvc nmkd}lom pvcpjc z mk mn pmkwl ejmkrc |}m nc lnjmkrl+

7+ Plnlfv Plnlfvlw lw m jbmlw jbmlw Mn lfwrvlgrc e}kbc bm nlw jbmlw rjmkm. mk pvjkgjpjc. w} ©mxp vmw j÷k vml n¹ mk nlw plnlfvlw. plnlfvlw. z mk mnnlw wm vm¥ vm¥ gmol z pvczmgrl nc |}m qmecw z wmkrjecw+ Z mwm vmanmoc

%nc |}m nlw plnlfvlw wjdkjajglk% elkmol mn e}kbc bm nlw gcwlw z ql bmolkbc bmolkbc mk nl gckg jmkgjl jmk gjl mn ackbc bm jbmlnjblb bckbm g}lol k}mwrvl elkmvl bm wmv z mk¥ rmkbmv? k}mwrvl pmvwcklnjblb+ Pcv mwc. g}lkbc Pnlr÷k gcejmkl mk w}w pvjem¥ vcw bjìncdcw l jkr}jv mwm e}kbc jbmln. nc hlgm bmw¥   pmvrlkbc nlw plnlfvlw. |}m. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. vmpc¥ wlk bcvejblw mk nl emkrm bm w}w jkrmvncg}rcvmw+ Z. ln qmvnlw. g}lkbc nlw mqcglecw. pvcg}vlecw wjr}lv¥ nlw mk mn elvgc bm gjmvrlw bmajkjgjckmw. |}m wjkrmrj¥ lk nc eìw jepcvrlkrm bm w}w cwgjnlkrmw gckrcvkcw+ Pvmgjwlem Pvmgjwlemkrm krm pcv mwl mwl qlvjlfj njblb . Pnl r÷k bmwg}fvm nl vj|}ml bm wjdkjajglbcw cg}nrcw mk mn nmkd}lom9  pmvc.  pmvc. ln ejwec rjmepc. pmvgjfm rlefj êk nl kmgmwj¥ blb bm |}m mwl bjqmvwjblb lnglkgm nl ©acvel jbmln¹ |}m emocv nc mxpvmwl. c. ln emkcw. l|}mnnc |}m gckwrjr}zm mn kÿgnmc bmn |}m jvvlbjlk rcblw w}w pc¥ wjfnmw wjdkjajglgjckmw+ Pcv mnnc. f}mkl plvrm bm ncw ©bjìncdcw¹ bm Pnlr÷k rjmkm |}m qmv gck ncw wjdkjaj¥ glbcw bm nlw plnlfvlw+

2+ Ecbmncw bm nc vmln vmln Pmvc nlw jbmlw kc wck w÷nc gckgmprcw. eìw c emkcw dmkmvlnmw. |}m wjvqlk plvl cvbmklv ncw bjqmvwcw wmkrjbcw bm nlw plnlfvlw. wjkc |}m wck. lbmeìw. a}kblemkrc z ecbmnc bmn e}kbc vmln+ Nl mxpmvjmkgjl bm }k e}kbc mk gckrjk}c ecqj¥ ejmkrc z glefjc. rln gcec hlfål wjbc mxpvmwlbc  pcv Hmvìgnjrc. bmfj÷ bm gvmlv gjmvrlw bjajg}nrlbmw l Pnlr÷k+ Nc |}m an}zm lpmklw p}mbm pmkwlvwm+ Ncw wmkrjbcw kcw mkrvmdlk bmn e}kbc jeìdmkmw e÷qj¥ nmw c jeìdmkmw. lplvmkrmemkrm mwrìrjglw. pmvc |}m rlefjêk glefjlk? qmecw plwlv nlw k}fmw. nl gc¥ vvjmkrm bm }k våc9 pmvc rlefjêk qmecw nl vcgl jk¥ e÷qjn. mn ìvfcn lkrm k}mwrvcw cocw. l}k|}m wlfmecw |}m mwrìk w}omrcw l e}rlgj÷k jbmln. jkbmpmkbjmkrm bm nlw gcwlw vmlnmw. z cfomrc bm crvc rjpc bm ejvlbl bjwrjkrl bm nl bm k}mwrvcw cocw+ Z bm rlkrcw z qlvjcw cfomrcw bmgje jecw |}m wm qmk pmvc kc wm pjmkwlk. ejmkrvlw|}mbmmwlwacvelw jke}rlfnmw. nlw jbmlw. wm pjmkwlk lk pmvc kc wm qmk mk nl vmlnj njblb+

 Vmpÿfnjgl. =04f

=+ Ncw bcw e}kbcw e}kbcw Hlz. p}mw. bcw e}kbcw bjwrjkrcw? }kc |}m glefjl gckrjk}lemkrm z |}m pmvgjfjecw pcv ncw wmkrjbcw9 crvc |}m mwrì njfvm bmn glefjc+ Mwrm crvc e}kbc jke}rlfnm w÷nc nc pmvgjfjecw gck mn mkrmkbjejmk¥ rc. gck ©ncw cocw bmn lnel¹ (Vmpÿfnjgl. =77b*+ Pnlr÷k jkr}ål gck mwrl emrìacvl |}m rcbc mn bmwl¥ vvcnnc bmn gckcgjejmkrc rmkål |}m a}kblvwm mk ln¥ dc |}m mwr}qjmwm njfvm bm nlw e}rlgjckmw |}m kcw ecwrvlfl mn e}kbc vmln+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw. |}m. mk }kc

bm w}w mwgvjrcw. hjc }kl mwpmgjm bm vmqjwj÷k bm ncw ©pvjemvcw |}m ajncwcalvck¹. hl mxpvmwlbc gck gnlvjblb mwrm pvcfnmel? ©Pnlr÷k. bmwbm w} o}qmk¥ r}b. wm hlfål alejnjlvjlbc gck Gvlrjnc. z gck nlw cpjkjckmw bm ncw plvrjblvjcw bm Hmvìgnjrc. wmdÿk nlw g}lnmw rcblw nlw gcwlw mwrìk mk an}oc gckrjk}c z kc mw pcwjfnm. pcv mnnc. }k wlfmv ajvem+ Pcv crvl  plvr  plvrm. m. gcec mvl bj wgå p} nc bm W÷g vl rmw . |}m |}m wm cg}¥   plfl bm pvcfnmelw ecvlnmw Y+++U f}wglkbc mk mnncw nc }kjqmvwln z wjmkbc mn pvjemvc |}m p}wc mn pmk¥ wlejmkrc mk nlw bmajkjgjckmw. Pnlr÷k pmkw÷ |}m w}w bmajkjgjckmw rmkålk |}m vmglmv wcfvm crvcw wm¥ vmw |}m ncw wmvmw wmkwjfnmw. pcv|}m ³g÷ec blv }kl bmajkjgj÷k gceÿk bm ncw cfomrcw wmkwjfnmw |}m e}blk gckrjk}lemkrm3 L mwrcw wmvmw ncw nnle÷ jbmlw. lajvelkbc |}m nc wmkwjfnm mwrì wmplvlbc bm mnncw z bm mnncw vmgjfmk w}w kcefvmw¹ yEmrlaåwjgl. J. :84l70%:84f*+ Nl mxjwrmkgjl bm }k e}kbc bm nlw jbmlw bjwrjkrc bmn e}kbc vmln pnl kr m÷ }k pvcf nmel e}z e}z jepcvrlkrm jepcvrlkrm |}m hl cg}plbc l k}emvcwcw ajn÷wcacw z elrmeìrj¥ gcw hlwrl k}mwrvcw bålw? nl pcwjfnm jkbmpmkbmkgjl z cfomrjqjblb bm nlw mwrv}gr}vlw acvelnmw wcfvm nlw |}m wm gckwrv}zm }kl f}mkl plvrm bmn wlfmv gjmkråajgc+

1+ Jbml Jbmlww z qlncvmw Nl rmcvål bm nlw jbmlw. |}m wm qjkg}nlfl lw å l nl gckgmp¥ gj÷k pjrld÷vjgl bm ncw kÿemvcw. gcec mwmkgjl bmn }kj¥ qmvwc. dlkl mk Pnlr÷k }k k}mqc hcvjckrm+ Nlw jbmlw wcwrjmkmk rcbc mn ackbc bm qlncvmw êrjgcw. bm gckgmprcw mwrêrjgcw. |}m wm mkvljlk mk nl emkrm z mk mn nmkd}lom %fckblb. o}wrjgjl. fmnnml. lecv. mrgêrmvl% z acvelk }kl plvrm jepcvrlkrm bm k}mwrvl elkmvl bm mkrmkbmv nl mxjwrmkgjl+ Wj hlgmecw avlwmw gcec ©mwrl mwg}nr}vl mw  fmn nl¹. ©mwrm hcefvm mw o}wr o} wr c¹ c ©mwrm hcefvm hcefvm mw f}m¥ f}m¥ kc¹. mw pcv|}m hlz mk kcwcrvcw }k ackbc ©rm÷vjgc¹ |}m kcw pmvejrm wlfmv |}ê |}mvmecw bmgjv g}lkbc mepnml¥ ecw wmemolkrmw mxpvmwjckmw+ Rjmkm |}m hlfmv lndc fm nnc mk wå. o}wrc mk wå. f}mkc mk wå+ Mwrm mk +wå wjdkjajgl wjdkj ajgl mn jbmln bm jbmln bm mwcw gckgmprcw9 l|}mnnc |}m kc bmpmkbm bm nlw eÿnrjpnm eÿnrj pnm w pvcpcwjgjckmw |}m pcble pcblecw cw hlgmv hlgmv ln }rjnjlv ¥ ncw+ Pnlr÷k w}pckm |}m nl jbml |}m hlgm pcwjfnm rlnmw  pvcpcwjgjckmw mw }k ecbmnc bmn |}m plvrjgjplk nlw gc¥ wlw z |}m wm hlgm pvmwmkrm mk mn nmkd}lom gck |}m nc bm¥ gjecw+ Mwl plvrjgjplgj÷k plvrjgjplgj÷k (emrhmxjw* mw }kl acvel w}f¥ wjbjlvjl wjbj lvjl m jepmvamgrl bm wmv+ wmv+ L eå emplvmgm |}mwjmxjwrm }klgcwlfmnnl nl. lplvrm bm nc fm nnc mkwå. wå. kcmwfmnnl pcvkjkd}klcrvlgl}wlwjkcpcvmnhmghc

bm |}m plvrjgjpl bm mwc |}m mw fmnnc Y+++U+ Lwå p}mw. wj lnd}jmk embjgm |}m}klgcwlg}ln|}jmvlmwfmnnl. fmnnl. fjmkpcv w}fvjnnlk fvjnnlk

rm gcnc ncv. c pc pcv w} acvel Y+++U rmkdc mk eå ejwec mwr wrl wjepnm.

wmkgjnnl z |}jì jkdmk}l gckqjggj÷k bm |}m kc nl hlgm fmnnl crvl gcwl |}m nl pvmwmkgjl c gce}kjblb mk gce}kjblb mk nl fmnnml mk wå+  Amb÷k. nCCg%b

4+ Plvrjgjplv Mwrm glvìgrmv bm plvrm bm }kl rcrlnjblb. gcec nl jbml. lpvcxjel l ncw jkbjqjb}cw z ncw mknll mk }kl rlvml bm w}p mv lgj ÷k + Wmkrjv mwl plvrm plvrm bm nl o}wrj gjl. bm nl fm¥ fm¥ nnml c fckblb |}m p}mbm hlfmv mk kcwcrvcw. kcw gckqjmvrm mk f}wglbcvmw bm }k jbmln mk wå  |}m. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. wmkrjbc. wm momepnjajgl mk nl wlnjbl bmn pvj wjc¥ kmvc+ Wj mxjwrm nl jbml bm njfmvrlb. mn pvjwjckmvc bm nl glqmvkl wm hl wmkrjbc plvrm bm mnnl. ejmefvc bm mwl gce}kjblb  jbmln z hl pvcg}vlbc vmlnjlvnl+ Hl momv¥ gjrlbc. p}mw. w} bmvmghc l plvrjgjplv mk mwl jbml z l hlgmv w}zl hlgmv  w}zl mwl plvrm |}m nm hl wjbc lwjdklbl+ Nlw jbmlw momvgmk momvgmk rlefj êk. gcec mn mvcw. mn lecv. }kl lrvlggj÷k wcfvm kcwcrvcw+ L}k|}m mn mvcw plvmgm  pmvrmkmgmv l }k ìefjrc w}fomrjqc z momvgm bm ecrcv  |}m lvvlkgl k}mwrvl lgrjqjblb m jep}nwl nl wlnjbl bm kcwcrvcw ejwecw. wm mkdlvl rlefjêk gck nlw jbmlw |}m |}m mwrìk . mk pvjk gjp jc. a}mvl bm kcwcrvcw+ kcwcrvcw+ Mwl plv rjgjplgj÷k mwrlfnmgm }k qåkg}nc |}m. mk gjmvrc wmk¥ rjbc. kcw lrl l mwm e}kbc jkrmnjdjfnm+ ]kl k}mql acvel bm lrlb}vl. pmvc bjwrjkrl bmn lelvvm mk nl wcefvl bm nl g}mql+ Mwrl lrlb}vl mk nl n} e}mwrvl |}m mn nlbc vmln z qmvblbmvc mw mn nlbc bmn gckcgjejmkrc z mn wlfmv+ Pcv mwc. mn lecv |}m kcw e}mqm l gckcgmv. z nlw jbmlw bm nlw |}m plvrjgjplecw z |}m wck mn hcvjck¥ rm bm k}mwrvc bmwmc bm gckcgjejmkrc. lglflvì nnl¥ eìkbcwm ajncwcaål. c wml. rmkbmkgjl ln gckcgjejmk¥ rc. plwj÷k pcv nlw jbmlw+

8+ Nl jbml bmn Fjmk Fjmk Mk mn ackbc bm mwrl jbml lp}krl nl a}mkrm bm nl |}m wm k}rvm k}rvm rlef jêk n l jkrmnjdmkgjl+ Mn wlfmv wlfmv z nl gjmk¥ gjl wck av}rcw bmn Fjmk+ Pcv mwc. nl qmvblb. nc ejw¥ ec |}m nl fmnnml c nl o}wrjgjl. wck elkjamwrlgjckmw bm nl jbml bmn Fjmk+ ³\}ê pcbmecw hlgmv wjk mn  FjmkU ³Lbckbm nnmdlvål mn hcefvm wj. l pmwlv bm rlkrlw gckrvlbjggjckmw. kc wm h}fjmvl bmwg}fjmvrc mwm hcvjckrm bckbm lnglklk wmkrjbc w}w lgrcw3 Mw qmvblb |}m nlw jkrmvpvmrlgjckmw bmn Fjmk p}mbmk mkavmkrlvwm e}ghlw qmgmw9 pmvc nc jepcvrlkrm mw hlfmvnc wlfjbc jkrmvpvmrlv gcec }kl a}mvl gvmlbc¥ vl bm nl mxjwrmkgjl+ ]kl bm nlw glvlgrmvåwrjglw bm mwl jbml mw nl bm kc kmgmwjrlv pvmw}p}mwrcw |}m nl o}wrj¥ aj|}mk+ Mw. p}mw. }k qmvblbmvc mk wå. zl |}m mw mn a}kblemkrc bm rcbc wmv. bm rcbc mkrmkbmv+ Lndc lwå gcec nl n} bmn wcn+ Wjk mnnl kc wmvål pcwjfnm gcncv  lnd}kc. kj bjamvmkgjl lnd}kl+ Nl n} bmn Fjmk pvmwj¥ bm rcbl pcwj fjnj blb bm bmwlvvcnnc mk mn hcefvm+ hcefvm+ Mw mn ajk bm rcbc cvbmk+ ]k Fjmk |}m mw cp}mwrc ln bmwcvbmk. l nl bm wrv }gg j÷ k z l nl e}mvrm e}mvrm++

M n l nen e l z m n g c k c g jej e j m k r c <+ Gckgmp Gckgmprc rc bm lnel mk Pnlr÷k Nl plnlfvl lnel (pwj|}m* wjdkjajgl. mk ncw pcmelw hceêvjgcw. qjbl+ Qjbl gcec pvjkgjpjc. gcec nlrj¥ bc. gcec ecqjejmkrc+ Mwrl jbml bm |}m mn g}mvpc mwrì vmgcvvjbc pcv }k wcpnc |}m nc lnjmkrl wm mk¥ g}mkrvl zl mk ncw pvjemvcw rmwrjeckjcw mwgvjrcw bm l}mwrvl g}nr}vl+ Pmvc. gcec hmecw qjwrc. mwrcw gc¥ ejmkcw ejmkcw bm nl rmv ejkc ncd ål ajncw÷ajgl rjmkmk n}dlv  n}dlv  %?mepvm mk nl cfwmvqlgj÷k bm nl klr}vlnml. bmn  ‒ }kbc |}m kcw vcbml+ Pcv mnnc. lnel rjmkm |}m qmv  gck mn qmvfc dvjmdc |}m wjdkjajgl vmwpjvlv (zÿ[gc*+ vmwpjvlv  (zÿ[gc*+ MI  ecqjejmkrc |}m wm pmvgjfm mk k}mwrvcw p}nec% lmw lmw mw+ p}mw. mn wjdkc |}m elkjajmwrl. mk mn hcefvm. mn pvcgmwc bm qjqjv+

Mwrm hmghc aåwjgc wm mxpvmw÷. ln ejwec rjmepc+ %? ; l mk }k qmvfc. wj kc mk }k w}wrlkr jqc. pwj|}m.   SSm wjdkjajglfl kc w÷nc mn ecqjejmkrc. wjkc w}   pvjkgjpjc

cvjdjklbcv+

Pnlr÷k

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fnm z gckg}pjwgjfnm. pmvc mwrc w}pckm. mk f}mkl  plvrm. }kl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k e}z vmwrvjgrjql z lk|}jnc¥ wlbl bm mwm pvjkgjpjc qjrln+

6+ Gckcgmv Gckcgmv mw vmgcvblv Pmvc ln nlbc bm mwrm lkìnjwjw bmn lnel. gcec ecrcv  bm a}kgjckmw pv÷xjelw l nl mxpmvjmkgjl. wm nmqlkrl mk Pnlr÷k }kl bcgrvjkl eårjgl+ Mn lnel mxjwrål lkrmw bm |}m kcwcrvcw mxjwrjêvlecw. wm kcw bjgm mk mn Am b÷k. pmvc pvmgjwlemkrm pcv mnnc hmecw ©gckcgjbc¹ lkrmw l|}mnnc |}m n}mdc nnmdlecw l wlfmv+ Mn lnel. mk mwrm rmxrc. kc mw zl mwm ecrcv bm nl qjbl gck bjwrjkrlw pcwjfjnjblbmw bm mkrmkbmv z pmvgj¥   fjv mn e}kbc. wjkc }k vmgjpjmkrm bm nl emecvjl9  pmvc bm }kl emecvjl |}m kcw qjmkm bm }kl qjbl lk¥ rmvjcv l l|}mnnl bm nl |}m lhcvl wcecw gckwgjmkrmw+ Nl vl÷k |}m W÷gvlrmw lb}gm plvl mxpnjglv rlk wcvpvmkbmkrm vmw}nrlbc wm a}kbl mk mn hmghc bm nl   pvmmxjwrmkgjl+ Lkrmw bm k}mwrvl qjbl mk mn rjmepc gckgvmrc mk mn |}m kcw hl rcglbc mxjwrjv. hmecw rm¥ kjbc crvl qjbl. z mk mnnl hmecw rmkjbc kcrjgjl bm nc |}m lhcvl. ln vmgcvblv. wlfmecw+

r+ mnmemkrc cp}mwrc l nl gcvpcv gcvpcvmj mjblb blb++

Pmvc. l pmwlv bm nl mrj|}mrl ©jbmlnjwrl¹ |}m hl¥  fvål bm wcfvmqmkjvnm z l pmwlv bm nl jkan}mkgjl ÷vaj% gl z pjrld÷vjgl. Pnlr÷k bmwgvjfm lnd}kcw lwpmgrcw … mep åv jg cw ¹ bm bm mwm mwm ejwrmvjcwc pv jkg jpj c bmn wmv+ wmv+ …

Nlw Nlw rvmw a}mvlw bmn lnel ln el

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lj Nl pvjemvl a}kgj÷k c plvrm bmn lnel mw nl |}m mkrjmkbm (ncdjwrji÷k*+   f* Nl wmd}kbl mw nl |}m |}jmvm. z |}m mxpvmwl nc |}m nnlelvålecw. bm }k ecbc e}z dmkmvln+ qcn}krlb (rhzecmjbmw*. pcv|}m rhzecw wjdkj¥ ajgl rlefjêk ìkjec. mwa}mvc. jep}nwc. bmwmc+ c Nl rmvgmvl plvrm mw nl |}m rjmkm |}m qmv gck rmkbmkgjlw c bmwmcw emkcw gckrvcnlbcw |}m ncw lkrmvjcvmw (mpjrhzemrji÷k*+ Nl rmvejkcncdål rvlbjgjckln hl nnlelbc l mwrlw   fmw fmw %acv elw¹. vmwpmgrjqlemkrm. vmwpmgrjqlemkrm. jkrmnjdjfnm. jvlwgj

Mwrlkbc. p}mw. rcbl nl klr}vlnml meplvmkrlbl z hlfjmkbc lpvmkbjbc mn lnel rcblw nlw gc gcwlw. klbl jepjbm |}m |}jmk vmg}mvbm }klwcnl % %mwc mwc|}m nl dmkrm nnlel lpvmkbmv% nnmd}m l bmwg}fvjv rcbc nc bmeìw bmeìw.. wj wm mw qlnmvcwc z kc wm glkwl

bm jkqmwrjdlv+ Pcv|}m jkqmwrjdlv z lpvmkbmv kc mw crvl gc  wl |}m vmgcvblv (lklekmwjw*+ Em kck. 8 Jb Jb

Rln qm kc mwrl mw rlvå vå lecw bm lg}mvbc gck Pnlr÷k Pnlr ÷k mk mw¥ mw¥ rl rmcvål bm nl vmejkjwgmkgjl z nl emecvjl w}wrmkrlbl mk nl pvmmxjwrmkgjl. pmvc hlz mk mnnl }k mw|}mel rm÷¥ vjgc |}m wå pcbvålecw lgmprlv+ Wjmepvm lpvmkbmecw bmwbm mn nmkd}lom mk mn |}m hmecw klgjbc+ Mamgrjql¥ emkrm. l}k|}m klgmecw l }k e}kbc vmln bm gcwlw mk¥ rvm ncw |}m kcw ecqmecw. eìw jepcvrlkrm lÿk |}m mwm e}kbc bm gcwlw mw mn e}kbc bm ©wjdkjajglgjckmw¹ mk mn |}m rlefjêk mwrlecw+ Bmwbm k}mwrvc klgjejmkrc kcw hlfnlk bm nlw gcwlw9 kcw bjgmk g÷ec wm nnlelk. kcw pvchjfmk c mwrje}nlk gck plnlfvlw9 cåecw nc |}m mwrì fjmk c mwrì eln. nc |}m mw qmvblbmvc c alnwc+ Mwrlw z crvlw ©wjdkjajglgjckmw¹. |}m wm kcw bjgmk. fvcrlk bm nl emecvjl gcnmgrjql |}m wm lnelgmkl mk mn nmkd}lom z wm jepvmdkl bm ncw elrjgmw z gckrmxrcw bm l|}mnncw |}m kcw hlfnlk+ ]k pmkwlv z mkrmkbmv. bmwbm mn pvm¥ wmkrm. mn plwlbc. |}m gcec emecvjl ecbmnl k}mwrvl elkmvl bm wmkrjv z mwrlv mk mn e}kbc. z |}m. pcv w}¥  p}mwrc. mxjwrm lkrmw |}m kcwcrvcw+

N l l v m rmr m b m n j k b j q jbj b } c <+ ³P}mbm ³P}mbm lpvmkb lpvmkbmvwm mvwm nl lvmrm3  Mk mn ejwec bjìncdc mk mn |}m wm wcwrjmkm nl rmwjw bm |}m lpvmkbmv mw vmgcvblv. wm pnlkrml crvc bm ncw rmelw a}kblem a}kblemkrlnmw krlnmw bmn pmkwlejmkrc pmkwlejmkrc pnlr ÷kj gc + Gc k jkbm¥  pmkbmkgjl bmn rckc eårjg c bm mwl mwl pvmmxjwrmkgjl z pcwj¥   fnm jkecvrlnjblb bmn lnel. hlz mk Pnlr÷k }k pnlkrml¥ ejmkrc e}ghc eìw gckgvmrc? mn Emk÷k lklnjl wj nl lvmrm p}mbm lpvmkbmvwm9 wj pcbmecw lpvmkbmv l wmv 

 f}mkcw+ Mn rêvejkc dvjmdc lvmrm kc mkg}mkrvl }kl rvlb}g¥ gj÷k e}z mxlgrl mk nl plnlfvl qjvr}b. zl |}m mwrl rvl¥ b}ggj÷k rjmkm bmelwjlblw vmwcklkgjlw ©ecvlnmw¹ %©hcefvm qjvr}cwc¹. ©lggjckmw qjvr}cwlw¹% |}m. mk  pvjkgjpjc. kc mwrìk mk nl mxpvmwj÷k dvjmdl+ Pmvc wå hlz lndc gc eÿk mk leflw plnlfvlw? plnlfvlw? w} wjdkjajglbc bm mx gmnmkgjl. bm eêvjrc. bm f}mkc. bm pcwjrjqc plvl |}jmk nc pcwmm+ Mwlw g}lnjblbmw wm gckwjbmvlvck jkklrlw mk ncw gcejmkcw gcejmk cw bm nl g}nr}vl dvjmdl+ Wm rmel lvmrm pcv¥ |}m wm mvl a}mvrm mk nl d}mvvl. pcbmvcwc mk nl pcnårjgl. z mwrc mvl pvcpjc bm nl ©lvjwrcgvlgjl¹+ Mn lvjwr÷gvlrl. gck w}w hllülw. wcfvmwlnål pcv mkgjel bm ncw crvcw+ Z bm nl ejwel elkmvl |}m }k f}mk lvgc mw mn |}m bjw¥  plvl fjmk nl anmghl. nl fckblb fckblb bm }k hcefvm. mk nl pvj¥ p vj¥ emvl vmpvmwmkrlgj÷k hmvcjgl bm nl Jnålbl z nl Cbjwml. wm gckgmkrvlfl mk nl bm wmv }k f}mk d}mvvmvc+ Pmvc mk ncw ejwecw pcmelw bckbm mkgckrvlecw klvvlblw w}w hllülw. bmwg}fvjecw rlefjêk }k ackbc bm lejwrlb. bm dmkmvcwjblb. bm kcfnml. |}m ql lepnjlkbc nl wjd¥ kjajglgj÷k cvjdjklvjl+ Nl jbml bmn hcefvm wm wlnm zl bmn elvgc hmvcjgc plvl lb|}jvjv k}mqcw elrjgmw |}m nnm dlvìk . gck Pnl r÷k . l a}kblv a}kblvwm wm mk crvcw crvcw qlncvmw+ qlncvmw+ Mk mwrm ecemkrc bm nl mqcn}gj÷k bm }kl plnlfvl rlk jepcvrlkrm. jepcvrlkrm. Pn lr÷k lr ÷k acv e}nl nl pvmd}krl pvmd}krl |}m vcepm mn glvìgrmv lvjwrcgvìrjgc z mxgn}wjqjwrl bm nl lvmrm+ ©³Pcbmecw lpvmkbmv nl lvmrên¹ ³P}mbm mn wmv h}el¥ kc emocvlv  w} pvcpjl klr}vlnml3 Z. wj mw pcwjfnm. ³|}ê cfomrjqcw z |}ê k}mql jbml bmn hcefvm nnmqlvì gckwjdc mwm lpvmkbjlom3 Mw gjmvrc |}m. gcec hmecw qjwrc. ncw wcajwrlw vmwpckbjmvck pcwjrjqlemkrm gck w}w mk wm ül k lw l mwrl pvmd pvmd}kr }krl9 l9 pmvc mk Pnlr ÷k mn pvcfnm¥ el wm pnlkrm÷ mk crvcw rêvejkcw+ Pnlr÷k pvcpckm |}m mn lpvmkbmv bmrmvejklblw acv¥ elw bm mxgmnmkgjl h}elkl kc mw plvl bcejklv l ncw crvcw. wjkc plvl bcejklvwm l wå ejwec+ Z mwrm bcej¥ kjc w}pckm mn ©gckcgmvwm l wå ejwec¹. rln gcec bmgål nl jkwgvjpgj÷k mk mn rmepnc bm Lpcnc mk Bmnacw+ Nl lvmrm vlbjgl. vlbjgl . p}mw. mk mn gckcgjejmkrc. gckcgj ejmkrc. pcv|}m. ln pvm¥ d}krlv wj pcbmecw lpvmkbmv }kl acvel bm hlgmv em hlgmv  em  ocv k}mwrvl  ocv  k}mwrvl klr}vln gckbjgj÷k. rmkmecw |}m wlfmv. mk  pvjemv n}dlv. nc |}m f}wglecw z nc |}m |}mvmecw wmv+

Bmwpmvrlv mn bmwmc bmn Fjmk Fjmk |}m 6+ Bmwpmvrlv b}mvem mk k}mwrvl emecvjl Wcecw. p}mw. vmwpckwlfnmw bm k}mwrvcw lgrcw pcv¥ |}m. mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. wcecw vmwpckwlfnmw bm k}mwrvc wlfmv+ ]k wlfmv |}m bmpmkbm rlefjêk bmn glejkc |}m hlzlecw nnmqlbc hlwrl nlw jbmlw. zl |}m wck mnnlw nlw qmvblbmvlw elmwrvlw bm k}mwrvc gckcgjejmkrc+ Nlw jeìdmkmw bm qjvr}b  |}m kcw hl mkrvmdlbc nl rvlbjgj÷k g}nr}vln kc flwrlk plvl mwrl k}mql acvel bm lpvmkbmv+ Mn wlfmv hl bm wlnjv bm kcwcrvcw ejwecw ejwecw + Mw }kl rm kw j÷ k z }k mwa}mvc mwa}mvc |}m |}m jepnjgl }k bmwmc bmn Fjmk. bm nl qmvblb. bm nl o}wrj¥ gjl z bm rcblw nlw crvlw jbmlw |}m b}mvemk mk nl emecvjl z |}m hmecw bm bmwpmvrlv gck nl vmanm¥ xj÷k. gck mn bjìncdc |}m pcv embjc bm nlw plnlfvlw nnmqlecw gck kcwcrvcw ejwecw+ Nl lvmrm p}mbm lpvmkbmvwm. pmvc w} qmvblbmvc elmwrvc wck mwcw vmanmocw bm nlw jbmlw |}m hlz mk glbl lnel+ Pnlr÷k bl gck mwrc }k djvc bmgjwjqc mk nl mb}gl gj÷ k jkrmnmgr} jkrmnmgr}ln? ln? kc hlz hlz mkw mü lk l pcwj pcwj fnm wj kc wm a}kbl mk nl pvcpjl vmanmxj÷k+ Z mnnc rjmkm n}dlv ©bmkrvc¹ bm glbl jkbjqjb}c |}m mnlfcvl w} nmkd}lom gcec lndc ©pvcpjc¹+ Nlw plnlfvlw wm gckqjmvrmk lwå mk wmejnnlw bm k}mqcw pmkwlejmkrcw g}zl mxlgrjr}b wm ejbm ejbm mk vmnl gj÷ k gck mwlw mwlw ©qjvr}¥ bmw¹ |}m. gcec mn wlfmv  (wcphål*. nl o}wrjgjl (båim*. nl pv}bmkgjl (wcphvcwzkm*. mn qlncv  (lkbvmål*. blk acvel z gckrmkjbc l k}mwrvlw lggjckmw+

Pvlxjrmnmw? Hmvemw z Bjckjwcw+ Bjckjwcw+

N l r m c v ålå l p c n å r jgj g l b m P n l r ÷ k <+ Nl o}wrjgjl. jbmln bm nl gce}kjb gce}kjblb lb

kjqmn w}pmvjcv. |}m gcvvmwpck L+ Hlz. p}mw. }k kjqmn

bm ln ncdcw. l nl vlgjcklnjblb z vmanmxj÷k+ L mw¥ rm kjqmn pmvrmkmgmk ncw dcfmvklkrmw (lvghckrmw* |}m hlk wjbc mnmdjbcw mkrvm ncw d}lvbjlkmw (phznlimw* z |}m a}kblk w} w}pmvjcvjblb mk mn wlfmv  (wcphål*9 }kl acvel bm jkrmnjdmkgjl |}m jepnjgl. lbmeìw. dmkmvcwjblb. lnrv}jwec m ©jbmlnjwec¹+ Nl ejwj÷k bm mwrcw dcfmvklkrmw ©ajn÷wcacw¹ gckwjwrm mk nmdjwnlv rmkjmkbc wjme¥   pvm pvmwmkrm nl eìw vjd}vcwlo}wrjgjl. vjd}vcwlo}wrjgjl. p}mwrc |}m mw mwrl qjvr}b nl |}m hlgm pcwjfnm rcblw nlw crvlw z nl |}m wcwrjmkm mn mkrvlelbc bmn Mwrl¥ bc. bm nl pcnjw+ F+ Crvc kjqmn bm ncw gj}blblkcw mw mn bm ncw d}lvbjlkmw (phznlimw*. g}zl ejwj÷k mw bmamk¥ bmv ln Mwrlbc bm ncw pcwjfnmw lrl|}mw mxrmvjc¥ vmw+ Mwrl gnlwm rlepcgc p}mbm. gcec nl bm ncw ajn÷wcacw. rmkmv fjmkmw elrmvjlnmw. z w} mkrvmdl l nl rlvml gceÿk bmfm wmv rcrln+ Mw jkrmvmwlkrm mn hmghc bm |}m Pnlr÷k bê l nlw e}omvmw bm mwrl gnlwm ncw ejwecw bmvmghcw z nl ejwel mb}gl¥ gj÷k |}m l ncw hcefvmw9 Pnlr÷k wm cpckm. lwå. l nlw jbmlw rvlbjgjcklnmw |}m bjwgvjejklflk l nl e}omv+ Pcv rlk lkrc. wj mepnmlecw l nlw e}omvmw mk nlw ejwelw rlvmlw |}m l ncw ncw hcefvmw. wmvì wmvì emkmwrmv blvnmw rlefj rlefjêk êk nlw ejw

elw mkwmülklw+ Vmpÿfnjgl.

2=nm

Nl plvrm bmn lnel |}m gcvvmwpckbm l ncw d}lv¥ bjlkmw mw mn rhzecw. mn ìkj ec. nl mkmvdå l. nl a}mvl a}mvl.. |}m. gcec qjecw. gcvvmwpckbm rlefjêk l mwl gl¥ vlgr mvåw rjgl bmn lnel jkbjqjb} ln. jkrmvembjl mkrvm mkrvm nc vlgjckln (ncdjwrji÷k* z ncw ecqjejmkrcw jkwrjkrjqcw bmn lnel (mpjrhzemrji÷k*+ W} qjvr}b mw mn qlncv  (lk% bvmål*+

Kjqmnmw bm cvdlkjlgj÷k bmn Mwrlbc

Pcv ÿnrjec. mn p}mfnc acvel mn w}wrvlrc jkam vjcv bm nl gj}blb+ Wck ncw glepmwjkcw. gcemv¥ gjlkrmw. lvrmwlkcw. glwj mxgn}wjqlemkrm cg}pl¥ bcw mk gckwmd}jv mn w}wrmkrc bjlvjc+ Pmvc. ln ejwec rjmepc. rjmkmk nl kcfnm ejwj÷k bm elk¥ rmkmv l nlw crvlw bcw gnlwmw+ Wck. p}mw. a}kbl¥ emkrc mgck÷ejgc bm nl pcnjw+ Nl a}kgj÷k bmn lnel |}m nmw glvlgrmvjl mw nl |}m rjmkm |}m qmv  gck mn lkwjl |}m lgceplül l nlw eìw mnmemk¥ rlnmw kmgmwjblbmw bmn g}mvpc z nl qjbl (mpjrhz% emrji÷k*+ W} qjvr}b mw nl pv}bmkgjl. |}m gck¥ rvcnl z m|}jnjfvl mwcw jep}nwcw+

7+ Ncw Ncw vmdåemkmw pcnårjgcw Mk nl ÿnrjel plvrm bm nl Vmpÿfnjgl+ Pnlr÷k hlgm }k lkìnjwjw bm ncw bjwrjkrcw vmdåemkmw pcnårjgcw z mwrl¥  fnmgm. pcv pvjemvl qm mk k}mwrvl g}nr}vl. nl vmnlgj÷k mkrvm ncw gj}blblkcw z mn vêdjemk mk |}m qjqmk+ Lvjwrcgvlgjl Mn vêdjemk eìw pmvamgrc. pcv|}m mw nl jkrmnjdmkgjl nl |}m. l rvlqêw bm }k ecklvgl c bm }kcw hcefvmw w}pmvjcvmw. pcv w} mb}glgj÷k z lnrv}jwec. bcejkl mk mn Mwrlbc+ Mwl jkrmnjdmkgjl dmkmvcwl pmvejrm mw¥ rlfnmgmv mn m|}jnjfvjc mkrvm nlw gnlwmw wcgjlnmw+ Mw jkrmvmwlkrm nl jbml bm dmkmvcwjblb z mkrvmdl l ncw crvcw |}m zlgm mk nl rmcvål pnlr÷kjgl+ Mn mdcåw ec kc mw w÷nc }k bmamgrc ecvln. wjkc |}m mw lndc eìw pvca}kbc? mn cnqjbc bm nc |}m mw qjqjv gcec wmv  h}elkc z mkrvm wmvmw h}elkcw+ L plvrjv bm mwrm vêdjemk w}pmvjcv. ncw crvcw vmdå¥ emkmw elkjajmwrlk }kl jkmqjrlfnm bmglbmkgjl+ Rjecgvlgjl Bcejkl mk mwrl acvel bm dcfjmvkc mn mnmemkrc pl¥ wjckln wcfvm mn vlgjckln+ Wm lefjgjcklk hckcvmw z vj|}mlw+ Pvmbcejkl nl gnlwm ejnjrlv z w}w vmpvm¥ wmkrlkrmw cpvjemk l nlw gnlwmw jkamvjcvmw+ Cnjdlv|}ål Mw ©mn dcfjmvkc mk mn |}m elkblk ncw vjgcw. wjk |}m mn  pcfvm rmkd rmkdll lggmwc ln pc bmv¹ bm v¹ yVmpÿfnjgl. QJJJ. ==0b*+ ==0b*+ ©³Z g÷ec wm plwl bm nl rjecgvlgjl l nl cnjdlv |}ål3¹ Y+++U ©Pcv|}m nl vj|}ml lnelgmklbl bmwrv}zm l mwcw dcfmvklkrmw |}m mepjmlk pcv jkqmkrlvwm k}mqcw ec¥ bcw bm dlklv z dlwrlv bjkmvc z nnmdlk l qjcnmkrlv nlw nmzmw Y+++U bm ecbc |}m g}lkbc mk }kl gj}blb wm lb¥ ejvl l nl vj|}ml z l ncw vjgcw. wm emkcwpvmgjl l nl qmvblbmvl qjvr}b z l ncw f}mkcw¹ (Vmpÿfnjgl. QJJJ+ ==0m%==
nnmklvì. lwå. bm njfmvrlb z mw pcwjfnm mwgcdmv crvlw acvelw bm qjbl? ©Wmvì rlefjêk mn eìw fmnnc bm ncw wjwrmelw+ Bmn ejwec ecbc |}m }k lfjdlvvlbc elkrc mk |}m wm gcefjklk rcbcw ncw gcncvmw. lwå rlefjêk mwrm vêdjemk. mk mn |}m hlz rlkrlw pcwjfjnj¥ blbmw. p}mbm plvmgmv mn eìw hmvecwc¹ (Vmpÿfnjgl+ ==4g*+ Pmvc gcec ncw cnjdlvglw kmdlvck nl qmvblbmvl mb}glgj÷k ln p}mfnc. mwrm dcgm bm njfmvrlb z mwm jepmvjc bm ncw bmwmcw qlk gcvvcepjmkbc l w} qm l nl bmecgvlgjl z pvmplvlkbc crvc vêdjemk eìw qjcnmkrc? ©Mn lkwjl bm njfmvrlb z mn bmwg}jbc bm rcbc nc bmeìw hlgm glefjlv mwrm vêdjemk pcnårjgc z nc ql pckjmkbc mk elkcw bm nl rjvlkål¹ (=16g*+ Rjvlkål ©Mn mxgmwc bm njfmvrlb plvmgm. p}mw. |}m kc rmvejkl mk crvl gcwl wjkc mk mxgmwc mxgmwc bm mwgnlqjr }b. nc ejwec   plvl mn jkbjqjb}c |}m plvl nl pcnjw¹ (Vmpÿfnjgl+ QJJJ . =12l*+ =12l*+ Mn p}mfn c lglfl lgmprlkbc lgmprlkbc.. pcv mnnc . ln rjvlkc |}m plvmgm mwrlfnmgmv }k cvbmk. l}k|}m wml alnwc. ©z. plvl wmd}jv bcejklkbc z mepcfvmgjmkbc emkrln z elrmvjlnemkrm ln p}mfnc. mn rjvlkc w}wgjrl d}mvvlw plvl |}m mn p}mfnc rmkdl kmgmwjblb bm omamw z plvl |}m ncw gj}blblkcw mepcfvmgjbcw wm cfwm¥ wjckmk pcv w}w pvcpjlw kmgmwjblbmw z kc gckwpjvmk gckrvl ên¹ (Vmpÿfnjgl. ==1m%==4l*+ Ncw lkìnjwjw |}m bm ncw vmdåemkmw pcnårjgcw nnmql l glfc Pnlr÷k mk mn njfvc QJJJ bm nl Vmpÿfnjgl wck momepncw. mkrvm crvcw e}ghcw bm w} cfvl. bm }kl bm w}w dvlkbmw cfwmwjckmw? nl gckwrv}ggj÷k bm }kl gj}¥ blb o}wrl z amnj mk nl vmlnjblb+ Pcv|}m. gcec ên ejw¥ ec hlfål mwgvjrc. w} cfvl kc mvl wjkc }kl ©gj}blb mk   plnlfvlw¹ (247m*+ Z nlw plnlfvlw w÷nc wmülnlk mn gl¥ ejkc z mwlw wmülnmw kc flwrlk? ©mn lnel kc wm pckm mk ecqjejmkrc ecqjejmkrc wjk mn g}m vp c¹. wjk nl vmlnjblb+

Bmecgvlgjl

©\}m klgm. gvmc zc+ ln qmkgmv ncw pcfvmw¹ z mxrmk¥ bmv mn pcbmv. pcv mnmggjckmw. l rcbcw+ Nl gj}blb wm

Blvå Bl våc c qmkgjbc mk Pmvwjl pcv Lnmolkbvc Lnmolkbvc Eldkc+ Eldkc+

klwrlw pvlgrj|}mk kcfnm z lbmg}lbl lbmg}lbl emkrm nl ajn ajncwcaå cwcaål. l. |}m qmkdlk l

gcjkgjbjv }kl gcwl z crvl. nl ajncwcaål z mn pcbmv pcnårjgc. z |}m wmlk bmrm kjbcw pcv nl nl a}mvl ncw e}ghcw gl vlgrmvmw |}m wm mkglejklk wmplvl blemkrm l }kl bm nlw bcw. kc hlz.

lejdc Dnl}g÷k. rvmd}l plvl ncw el nmw bm nlw gj}blbmw. kj rlepcgc. wm

dÿk gvmc. plvl ncw bmn dêkmvc h}el kc9 kj hlz |}m pmkwlv mk |}m lkrmw bm mnnc wm pvcb}gl mk nl embjbl pc wjfnm kj qml nl n} bmn wcn nl nl gj}blb |}m hmecw rvllbc bm plnlfvl+ Z hm l|}å l|}å nc |}m bmwbm hlgm vlrc em jk

a}kbål ejmbc bmgjvnc? |}m qmål jfl l mxpvmwlv lndc lndc mxrvmelblemkrm pl

vlb÷ojgc. pcv|}m mw bjaågjn qmv |}m kjkd}kl crvl gj}blb. wjkc nl k}mwrvl. p}mbm vmlnjlv nl amnjgjblb amnjgjblb kj mk nc

pÿfnjgc kj mk nc pvjqlbc+ Vmpÿfnjgl. JQ. 227b%m

pvmajmvlw%+ Wjnm|}jrlwclül lülbm bmw wlndc. ln p}krc wm gckqjmvrm mk crvc+ Pmvc

p}mbm |}m kc wml êwrl nl mxlgrjr}b mk nc |}m rcgl l nl g}lnjblb c. mk dmkmvln. l nl je jeldmk+ Lkrmw ln gck rvlvjc. p}mbm |}m kc hlzl |}m vm pvcb}gjv lfwcn}rle lfwcn}rlemkrm rcbc nc jej rlbc. rln g}ln mw. wj |}mvmecw |}m

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vÿc pvcgmbl bm lhå+ Bmeck mw }kl mwpmgjm bm bjqjkj¥ blb. lndc |}m+ a}mvl bm kcwcrvcw. p}mbm jkan}jv mk k}mwrvc bmwrjkc z k}mwrvl w}mvrm+ Pcv mwc. mn lbqmvfjc (mþ*. fjmk. |}m |}m gcepnmrl gcepnmrl mn rêv ejkc m}bljeckål. nm bl mwm glvìgrmv bm f}mkl w}mvrm+ Mwrlv mk mn e}kbc mw  pvcg}vlv mwl f}mkl f}mkl w}mvrm. w}mvrm. mwl amnjgj blb+ Pmvc ncw dvjm¥ dcw cfwmvqlvck nlw mkcvemw bmwjd}lnblbmw mxjwrmkrmw mk w} wcgjmblb+ wcgj mblb+ Qmålk nl vj|}ml eì w dvlkbm dvlkbm o}krc l nl eìw mxrvmel pcfvml+ Mwm rmkmv rlkrc. c kc rmkmv kl bl. nmw hjc pnlkrmlvwm pnlkrmlvwm mn p cv |}ê bm mwrlw mwrlw bjamvmkgjlw+ Lkrmw bm |}m nl bmecgvlgjl lfvjmwm k}mqlw pmvwpmgrj¥ qlw qlw l nl amnjgjblb amn jgjblb pcwjfn p cwjfnm. m. ncw dvjmdcw gvmzmvck |}m mwl lf}kblkgjl bm fjmkmw mvl }k vmdlnc bm lnd}kl dmkmvc¥ wl z lvfjrvlvjl bjqjkjblb+ Nc jepcvrlkrm mvl+ p}mw. rm¥ kmv }k f}mk bmeck+ |}m dvlr}jrlemkrm wcvrmlfl nl am¥ njgjblb+ Eìw |}m lndc |}m wm gckwjd}m. mn fjmk z+ mk gckwmg}mkgjl. nl amnjgjblb. mw lndc |}m wm vmgjfm+ Pmvc mwrl rmcvål rvlbjgjckln |}m+ mk gjmvrc wmkrjbc. vm wpck wp ck bål bå l l }kl }kl mxpmvjmkgjl bm ncw bmwrjkcw h}elkcw. h}elkcw. hlgm gck Lvjwr÷rmnmw }k djvc a}kblemkrln+ W} jkrmv¥   pvmrlgj÷k bm nlamnjgjblb. nlamnjgjblb. |}m lvvlkgl bm mwm rmkmv  eìw+ nm nnmql nn mql l pvmwrlv pvmwrlv lrm kgj ÷k ln nmkd}lom nmkd}lom bm w}w w}w gck¥ rmepcv ìkmcw . plvl plvl wlfmv |}ê bjgmk |}m |}m mw nl amnjgjblb amnjg jblb++ ]kl pv}mfl eìw bm mwm mwpåvjr} bm cfwmvqlgj÷k gck mn |}m. gcec qmvmecw. qmvmecw. mwr }bj lvì lv ì l ncw lkjelnmw. lkjelnmw. l ncw wm¥ vmw h}elkcw gcec wmvmw ©fjcn÷djgcw¹. l ncw pvcb}g¥ rcw bmn hcefvm gcec mn lvrm lvrm z nl pcmw ål. mrg m rgêrm êrmvl+ vl+ …

Jkbjqjb}c Jkbjqj b}c z wcgjmblb

Nl ejvlbl bmn ajn÷wcac wm pcwl mk nl vmlnjblb bm w} rjmepc z mk ncw jkrmvmwmw bm ncw wmvmw h}elkcw+ Qjqjv  fjmk %|}m mw }k pvjkgjpjc êrjgc a}kblemkrln% wm flwl mk rmkmv gcwlw |}m wlrjwaldlk k}mwrvcw bmwmcw+

Nl fÿw|}mbl bmn fjmk P}mwrc |}m rcbc wlfmv z rcbc mnmdjv rjmkbmk l lndÿ ln dÿk k

fjmk. qcnqlecw l pnlkrmlvkcw nl g}mwrj÷k? g}ìn mw nl emrl bm nl pcnårjgl z g}ìn mw mn fjmk w}pvmec mkrvm rcbcw ncw |}m p}mbmk vmlnj jlvwm+ Wcfvm w} kcefvm. glwj rcbc mn e}kbc mwrì mwrì bm lg}mvbc. p}mw rcbcw bjgmk |}m mw nl nl amnj amnj

gjblb z pjmkwlk |}m qjqjv fjmk z cfvlv fjmk mw nc ejwec amnjgjblb blb z kc |}m wmv amnjz+ Pmvc bjwg}rmk wcfvm |}ê mw nl amnjgj nc mxpnjglk jd}ln ncw |}m klbl wlfmk bm ncw |}m rjmkmk

gckcgjejmkrcw+ P}mw }kcw gvmmk |}m mw lndc rlkdjfnm z  qjwjfnm. gcec mn pnlgmv. n l vj|}ml c ncw hckcvmw+++ hckcvmw+++ E} ghlw qmgmw jkgn}wc }kl ejwel pmvwckl cpjkl gcwlw bjw bjw

rjkrlw? wj mwrì mkamvel. nl wln}b9 wj mw pcfvm. nl vj|}ml9 ncw |}m wck gckwgjmkrmw bm w} jdkcvlkgjl lbejvlk l ncw ncw

|}m mwrìk pcv mkgjel bm ncw bmeìw gck w}w plnlfvlw z pmkwlejmkrc+ Pmvc lnd}kcw gvmmk |}m mkrvm rlkrcw pcwj% fnmw fjmkmw. hlz lndc |}m mw f}mkc pcv wå ejwec z |}m mw nl nl gl}wl bm |}m rcbcw ncw crvcw wmlk fjmkmw+ MK. J. <0:=l <2%64

Glwj plvmgm jkmqjrlfnm mwm pvjkgjpjc bm mdcåwec |}m mwrì mk nl klr}vlnml h}elkl+ L nc nlvdc bm nl hjwrcvjl. mwrm pnlkrmlejmkrc. mk mn |}m pvmbcejkl mn mdcåwec bmn jkbjqjb}c c bm }kl gnlwm wcgjln bm¥ rmvejklbl. wm d}j vì gckwrjr}zmkbc }k pvcfn mel mwmk¥ gjln bm nl êrjgl z bm nl pcnårjgl+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw mkrjmkbm |}m mn gcepcvrlejmkrc jkbjqj b}ln. pcv e}z jkbmpmkbjmkrm |}m pvmrmkbl wmv. mwrì gcnmgrjqc+ Bm lhå qjmkm wjmepvm w}ejbc mk mn gckrmxrcgcnmgrjqc+ qj mkm

w} lajv elgj÷ k bm |}m. |}m. mk mn ackbc. ackbc. nl êrjg êr jgll mw plvrm plvrm bm l}k|}m lklnjl mn fjmk bmn jkbjqjb }c+ nl pcnårjgl pcnårjgl . l}k|}m P}mw l}k|}m mn fjmk bmn jkbjqjb}c jkbjqjb}c z bm nl gj}blb wml mn ejwec. mw mqjbmkrm |}m wmvì vì e}ghc eìw dvlkbm z pmvamgrc lnglklvz pvmwmvqlvmn fjmk bm nl gj}blb9 pcv|}m. gjmv vr rlemk rm. mw lpmrmgjfnm pvcg}vlvnc plvl }kc wcnc9 pmvc mw eìw ìw hmv

ecwc z bjqjkc bjqjkc mn fjmk bm nl wcgjmblb+ MK. K. J. <0:2f 4%<0

Nl jbml bmn fjmk. |}m wmdÿk Pnlr÷k mwrì pcv mkgj¥

el z eìw lnnì bmn e}kbc. lb|}jmvm mk Lvjwr÷rmnmw }kl bjwrjkrl pmvwpmgrjql+ Mamgrjqlemkrm. mn fjmk bmn jkbjqjb}c rjmkm |}m wcfvmplwlv w}w plvrjg}nlvmw jkrm¥ vmwmw vmwmw z. plvl mnnc. mn nc. hl bm vmg}vvjv l mwm fjmk ©w}pmvjcB; gcec mw mn fjmk bm rcbcw. mn fjmk gcnmgrjqc+ ]k fjmk   w}pmvjcv. pmvc h}elkc9 }k fjmk mk mn e}kbc+

6+ Nl lvmrm k ¬c Mwl jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k bmn jkbjqjb}c mk nl wcgjmblb vm% pvcgmwc bm ©mb} gl gj ÷k ¹ bckbm bckbm nl êrjgl wml p |}jmvm }k pvcgmwc h}elkl mk nl |}m |}m wm ¬= gcec }kl rmcv ål bm nl amnjgjb lb h}elkl gcko}d}mk ncw jkrmvmwmw jkbjqjb}lnmw gck ncw gcnmgrj% / qcw+ Nl êrjgl mw. pcv rlkrc. }k wlfmv pvìgrjgc. ©p}mw kc jkqmwrjdlecw plvl wlfmv |}ê mw nl lvmrm. wj ¥ kc plvl |}m wmlecw f}mkcw¹ (MK. JJ. <<07f 64%68*+ ü

L|}å mkgckrvlecw }kl plnlfvl a}kblemkrlN lvmrm. |}m pcbmecw rvlb}gjv pcv qjvr}b. l}k|}m wjdkjajgl eìw fjmk nl mxgmnmkgjl h}elkl9 nc |}m kcw hlgm hlgm emocvmw emocvmw mk g}ln|}jmv wmkrjbc+ Lvjwr ÷rm nmw kcw cavmgm qlvjlw bmajkjgjckmw bm lvmrm+ Mk }kl bm mnnlw mwpmgjajgl |}m ©nl lvmrm. c mxgmnmkgjl bmn bmn hcefvm. mw }k hìfjrc pcv mn g}ln mn hcefvm wm hl¥ gm f}mkc f}mkc z vmlnjl fjmk w} a}kgj÷k pv cpj l¹ ( MK . JN <<01l 60%66*+ Mk dvjmdc. hìfjrc wm bjgm gck }k rêvejkc |}m

  pvcgmbm bmn qmvfc rmkmv+ Nl lvmrm mw. p}mw. lndc |}m wm rjmkm. |}m wm jkgcvpcvl l k}mwrvc pvcpjc wmv+ Gcec mn lplrmvc hlgm emocvmw lplrcw g}lkrlw eìw qmgmw ncw hldl. lwå kcw hlgmecw f}mkcw pvlg rjglkbc lgrcw f}mkcw+ Pmvc mk nl bmajkjgj÷k bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw hlz }kl mxpvmwj÷k }k rlkrc ejwrmvjcwl+ ³\}ê mkrjmkbm Lvjwr÷rmnmw pcv  a}kgj÷k pvcpjl bmn  hcefvmn  Hlz }kl plnlfvl jepcvrlkrm plvl mkrmkbmv mwrl  a}kgj÷k bmn hcefvm? n l mkmvdmjl. c mkmvdål? }kl glplgjblb plvl lgr}lv+ Pmvc mwrl jkrmvqmkgj÷k mk mn e}kbc bm ncw crvcw hcefvmw rjmkm |}m wmv ©bm lg}mvbc gck mn ncdcw¹+ Lwå gcec ©nl mxgmnmkgjl bmn coc mw hlgmv |}m momg}rm fjmk w} a}kgj÷k bm qmv¹. bm nl ejwel elkmvl nl a}kgj÷k bmn hcefvm mw hlgmv f}mkc w} bmwlvvcnnc gcec rln hcefvm+ Z mwrc mw }kl acvel w}pmvjcv. c wml. mxgmnmkrm bm qj¥ qjv+ Mwrl acvel bm qjbl mwrì. p}mw. }kjbl ln ncdcw. l nl vlgjcklnjblb. ln nmkd}lom |}m kcw }km gck ncw crvcw hcefvmw. z l rvlqêw bm mwl }kj÷k ©bjlncdl¥ bl ¹ nnmdlecw l gckcgmvnc w z l gckcgmvkcw l kcwc¥ rvcw ejwecw+ Mwrl mkmvdål c lgrjqjblb  vlcklbl. gck nl |}m mkrvlecw mk gckrlgrc gck ncw bmeìw. mw }kl acvel w}pmvjcv bm amnjgjblb+ Mwrm rêvejkc |}m jkbjglfl mk pvjkgjpjc }k rmkmv eìw z }kl wje   pnm pcwmwj÷k bm gcwlw. l rvlqêw bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl wcgvìrjgl wm hl rvlkwacvelbc mk wmv eìw+ Nl amnj¥

gjblb zl kc mw }k rmkmv. wjkc }k wmv+ C emocv bj¥ ghc. mw }k rmkmv lndc rmkmv  lndc rlk jepvmgjwc gcec mn ncdcw. nl plnlfvl9 pmvc mwrm rmkmv  mw nc |}m kcw hlgm wm¥ vmw h}elkcw+ Mwrlw pmvwpmgrjqlw |}m lfvm nl mxgmnmkgjl c qjv¥ r}b bm nl vlgjcklnj blb hlgmk hlgmk |}m |}m Lvjwr ÷rm nmw bmajkl rlefjêk nl lvmrm gcec ©}k hìfjrc bm mnmdjv |}m gckwjwrm mk }k rêvejkc embjc vmnlrjqc l kcwcrvcw. bmrmvejklbc pcv nl vl÷k¹ (MK. JJ. <<01f 7=*+ …

Nc kmgmwlvjc kmgmwlvj c z nc pcwjfnm

Mnmdjecw pcv|}m mn e}kbc wm kcw pvmwmkrl gcec  pcwjfjnjblb+ Kc mnmdjecw. pcv momepnc. |}m bcw z bcw wmlk g}lrvc+ Nc |}m kmgmwlvjlemkrm rjmkm |}m  wmv kc  wmv  kc mw cfomrc bm mnmggj÷k+ Nc elvlqjnncwc bm nl qjbl h}elkl mw |}m mwrlecw wjr}lbcw lkrm }k e}k¥ bc ©pcwjfnm¹. lkrm }kl lefjdþmblb |}m lefjdþmblb  |}m mw. pvmgj¥ wlemkrm. nc |}m bl wmkrjbc ln qjqjv+ Z mk mwm e}kbc

lefjd}c mnmdjecw+ Pmvc mwrl mnmggj÷k rjmkm |}m mw% cv bm lg}mvbc lg}mvbc gck }k m|}jnjfv jc. }k r êvej kc embjc  o}m hl bm bmrmvejklv mn ncdcw. nl vlgjcklnjblb+ Mwrl embjlgj÷k bmn ncdcw lveckjl nlw rmkwjc¥ kmw bmn jkbjqjb}c. ejrjdl w} mdcåwec z nc gckqjmv% I+ lwå+ mk }k wmv h}elkc+ Mk nl Pcnårjgl hlfnlvì Lvjwr÷r mnmw bm mwrl mwrl kmgmwjblb kmgmwjblb bm bm gce}k jg lg j÷ k bmn hcefvm. plvl nl |}m mn ncdcw z w} acvel pmvamgrl. b bjìncdcw. gckwrjr}zmk mn embjc vmln mk mn |}m wm

Mw mqjbmkrm |}m nl nl gj}blb gj}blb mw pcv klr}vlnml lkrmvjcv ln jk bjqjb}c. bjqjb}c. pcv|}m wj mn jkbjqjb}c jkbjqjb}c wmplvlbc kc wm flwrl l wå  qjqjv jv R+?;ec mw pcv wmv plvrm bm }k rcbc. z mn |}m kc p}mbm qjq ©j wcgjmblb c kc kmgmwjrl klbl pcv w} pvcpjl w}ajgj w}ajgjmkgjl. mkgjl.

kc mw ejmefvc bm nl gj}blb. gj}blb. wjkc }kl fmwrjl c }k bjcw+ J. <6=7
wm bmwlvvcnnlk mk mn e}kbc jkrmnmgr}ln z elkjajmwrlk nl qmvrjmkrm vlgjc kln bmn kln  bmn wmv h}elkc+ W} cfomrjqc wck. mk pvjkgjpjc. nlw gcwlw kmgmwlvjlw. c wml. l|}mnnc |}m kc p}mbm wmv bm crvl elkmvl+ Pcv momepnc. mn |}m bcw eìw bcw wmlk g}lrvc+ Nl gjmkgjl (mpjwrmeê* z nl jkrmnj¥ dmkgjl (kc}w* wck bcw mwpmgjmw bm mwrlw qjvr}bmw jk¥ rmnmgr}lnmw rmnmgr}lnmw++ Nl }k j÷ k bm mwrlw mwrlw qjvr}bmw qjvr}bmw mw nl wlf jb} vål (wcphål*+ Pmvc hlz rl efjê k crvlw crvlw qjvr}bmw bj lk cêr j¥ glw |}m wm vmajmvmk l nc gckrjkdmkrm. c wml. l nc |}m   p}mbm wmv bm crvl elkmvl+ Nlw qjvr}bm qjvr}bmww glvlgr mvåwr jglw bm nc gckrjkdmkrm wck mn lvrm (rêghkm* z nl pv}bmkgjl (phv÷kmwjw*+ Mn jkrmvêw bm mwrcw bcw lwpmgrcw bm nl vlgjcklnjblb gckwjwrm mk wmv mxpvmwj÷k bmn e}kbc vmln9 bm nl jkmwrlfjnjblb bm nl qjbl z bm nl glplgjblb bmn hcefvm plvl jkqmkrlv  }kl acvel ©e}kblkl¹ bm vlgjcklnjblb+ Mn lvrm bmwlvvcnnl nl pcwjfjnjblb bm gvmlv cfomrcw9 nl pv}bmkgjl. nl pcwjfjnjblb bm jbmlv cfomrcw. jbmlv  cfomrcw. bm vm¥ anmxjcklv wcfvm mn fjmk z mn eln mk a}kgj÷k bm bmrmv¥ ejklbcw gcepcvrlejmkrcw+ Mw. p}mw. }kl mwpmgjm bm wlfjb}vål pvìgrjgl gck nl |}m kcw cvjmkrlecw+ Nl ejwel mxpmvjmk gjl bm nlw vmnlgjckmw h}elklw h}elklw nm nnmql l bmwrlglv nl jepcvrlkgjl bm nl lejwrlb  (phjnål*+ Glwj }kl g}lvrl plvrm bm nl Mrjgl Kjgcel% |}ml mwrì bmwrjklbl ln lkìnjwjw bm nl lejwrlb. bm ©nc eìw kmgmwlvjc bm nl qjbl ¹ (M K. J. <<==l <<==l 6*+ Nl wmk¥ wmk¥ wjfjnjblb bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw lkrm mwrl a}mvl |}m }km l ncw wmvmw h}elkcw nm hlgm bmwg}fvjv mwm gckgmprc bmn bm n lnrmv mdc %©mn crvc |}m mw gcec zc¹% mkglvkl¥ bc mk mn lejdc+ Mk }k wcvpvmkbmkrm rmxrc kcw bjgm?  Nlw qjvr}bmw bjlkcêrjglw

Mn lejdc mw crvc zc+ Z gcec mw e}z bja bjaågjn gj n gckcgmvwm l wå 

ejwec Y+++U z pcv crvc nlbc nlbc vmw}nrl e}z ldvlblfnm mwrm gc kcgjejmkrc. z gcec rlepcgc mw pcwjfn pcwjfnm m qmvkcw l kcwcrvcw ejwecw l plvrjv bm kcwcrvcw ejwecw gcec ec qmecw mk mn mw pmoc k}mwrvc vcwrvc. g}lkbc |}mvmecw gckcgmvkcw kcw qm ecw mk }k le lejdc+

EE .

JJ. JJ. <6<7l <6%62

Lnmdcvål bm nl pv}bmkgjl z mn gckcgjejmkrc+ Jn}wrvlgj÷k bm }kl mbjgj÷k embjmqln bm nl Êrjgl Kjgcel|}ml bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw+ Fjfnjcrmgl Klgjckln. Elbvjb+

N l p c n å r jgj g l z m n M w rlr l b c Nlw g}lnjblbmw |}m Lvjwr÷rmnmw mwr}bjl mk nl Êrjgl mkg}mkrvlk w} wmkrjbc mk nl Pcnårjgl. zl |}m êwrl mw ©nl eìw a}kblemkrln bm rcblw nlw gjmkgjlw. pcv|}m nlw gckrjmkm l rcb lw ¹ (M K. <+ <0:2 <0:2ll 61%68*+ 61%68*+ Mw a}k¥ blemkrln. ln wmv mn hcefvm. pcv klr}vlnml. }k ©lkjeln pcnårjgc¹. c wml. }k wmv |}m kmgmwjrl. mwmk¥ gjlnemkrm. gckqjqjv+ Pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. nl pcnårjgl wjvqm plvl gckwrv}jv  nc emocv pcwjfnm }kl qjbl h}¥ elkl. z mwrl qjbl mk gceÿk w}vdj÷ plvl w}pnjv nl wcnmblb bmn hcefvm. hcefvm. w} bmfjnj blb z w} jk bmam kwj ÷k+ Mw gjmvrc |}m nl pcnjw dvjmdl mvl }kl acvel bm cvdl¥ kjlgj÷k gcnmgrjql e}z pm|}mül wj wm nl gceplvl gck }k Mwrlbc ecbmvkc. l}k|}m mk w}w mwrv}gr}vlw a}kblemkrlnmw pvmwmkrlk e}ghlw wmemolklw+ Mk rcvkc ln lüc 200 l+ bm G+ nl pcfnlgj÷k bm Lrmklw mvl bm 700 000 hlfjrlkrmw. bm n cw g}lnmw <00 <00 000 mvlk mwgnlqcw+ Wj kc wm g}mkrlk kjücw z e}omvmw. mkrckgmw nl pcfnlgj÷k bm gj}blblkcw njfvmw z lrm¥ kjmkwmw mvl bm 20 000+ Pvmgjwlemkrm mk nl Pcnårjgl bl Lvjwr÷rmnmw mwl alecwl bmajkjgj÷k bmn hcefvm gcec ©lkjeln |}m rjmkm n÷dcw¹. }k ©lkjeln |}m hlfnl¹+ Mwrl bmajkj¥ gj÷k wm mkg}mkrvl mk nlw pìdjklw bckbm wm mxpckm nl klr}vln wcgjlfjnjblb  bmn wmv h}elkc+ Nl gj}blb mw. pcv rlkrc. }k n}dlv bckbm mn hcefvm vmlnjl. km¥ gmwlvjlemkrm. w} qjbl9 bckbm hlfnl z wm gce}kjgl+ Nl mwmkgjl bmn hcefvm wm lnglkl mk mwm mwplgjc bm gce}kjglgj÷k |}m mw nl gj}blb+ Nl gckqjqmkgjl kc rjmkm n}dlv w÷nc mk }k rmvvjrcvjc aåwjgc. wjkc mk }k rmvvjrcvjc jbmln+ Gc ec Pnlr ÷k. rlef jêk hlgm hlgm Lvjw r÷r mnm w }k mwr}¥ mwr}¥ bjc bm ncw ncw vmdåem km w pcnår jgc w+ Mkrvm mnncw bmwrlg bmwrlglk lk nl lvjwrcgvlgjl. nl cnjdlv|}ål. nl bmecgvlgjl. nl rj vlkål+

Mn emocv bm ncw vmdåemkmw pcwjfnmw gckwjwrjvì mk }kl emgnl bckbm wm gcefjkm rlefjêk nc emocv bm glbl }kc bm mnncw+ Nc emocv bm nl bmecgvlgjl mw nl njfmvrlb. bm nl cnjdlv|}ål. nl glplgjblb bm gvmlv vj ¥ |}ml. z bm nl lvjwrcgvlgjl. w} mxgmnmkgjl. glplgj¥ blb z g}lnjblbmw jkrmnmgr}lnmw. zl |}m lvjwrcgvlgjl |}jmvm bmgjv mn pcbmv z nl a}mvl bm ncw emocvmw+ Mk nl cvdlkjlgj÷k lvjwrcrênjgl bmn Mwrlbc hlz rvmw jbmlw a}kblemkrlnmw?

<+ Nl lveckål bm ncw gj}blblkcw plvl |}m wm lnglkgm nc |}m gckqjmkm l rcbcw. zl |}m klbl mk mn Mwrlbc hl bm vmdjvwm pcv pvjkgjpjcw mdcåwrlw+

N l n ÷ d j g l b m L v jwj w r ÷ r m n m w NLW

GLRMD CVÅLW LVJWRCRÊNJ GLW

Momepncw

W}wrlkgjl (cj$}jl*

hcefvm

Glkrjblb gvcc÷q*

bcw emrvcw

G}lnjblb (ojcj÷q*

njwrc. f}mkc

Vmnlgj÷k

Pvcpcwjgjckmw

BJM_

Glrmdcvål

ejrlb. bcfnm

g v c c 9 RJ J

N}dlv (ojcå*

mk nl mwg}mnl. mk glwl

Rjmepc ( OJCRM*

lzmv. n}mdc

P c w j g j ÷ k (XMÅCFG]*

wmkrlbc. bm pjm

Pcwmwj÷k (v#jj^*

L g g j ÷ k Gvcjmrq*

qmwrjbc. glnlbc gcvvmv. pjkrlv 

P l w j ÷ k (ojìcxmjq*

dclv. lanjdjvwm lanjdjvwm

ncw pvjkgjpjcw bm nl bmecwrvlgj÷k+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw kc w÷nc mepnml gckgmprcw gcec fnlkgc c lkjeln. wjkc nmrvlw nmrvlw bmn lnalfmrc dvjmdc. mwrlfnmgj mkbc lwå ncw a}k¥ blemkrcw bm nl n÷djgl acveln+ Nnlec wjncdjwec wjncdjwec ln |}m kc pvmgjwl bm kjkd}kl crvl gcwl. lplvrm bm nc nc lgmprlbc mk w}w pvcpcwjgjc jckmw. plvl ecwrvlv n} n}

kmgmwjblb bm nl gckgn}wj÷k+  Lklnårjgcw+

J+ 62f 67%6=

Mn wjncdjwec mwrì acvelbc pcv rvmw cvlgjckmw. bcw bm nlw g}lnmw wck nlw pvmejwlw z nl rmvgmvl mw nl gckgn}wj÷k |}m bm mnnlw wm bmb}gm+ Rvmw wck ncw rêv¥ ejkcw bm }k wjncdjwec. bcw bm ncw g}lnmw wm gce¥   plvlk gck crvc |}m hlgm nl a}kgj÷k bm rêvejkc em bjc z |}m wm vmpjrm mk nlw bcw pvmejwlw+ Rcbcw ncw hcefvmw wck ecvrl] 

Pvmejwlw

rmvejkc embjc

W÷gvlrmw mw hcefvm rêvejkc embjc

Gckgn}wj÷k

  N}mdc W÷gvlrmw mw ecvrln+

Nl jkb}ggj÷k Mk ncw Lklnårjgcw wm mwr}bjlk. lbmeìw. nlw bmajkjgjc¥ kmw. kmw. nl bmec wr vl gj ÷k jk b}grjql |}m |}m plvrjmkbc plvrjmkbc bm pvc¥   pcwjgjckmw plvrjg}nlvmw nnmdl l acvelw dmkmvlnmw c }kjqmvwlnmw bm gckcgjejmkrc+ Lwå gcec nlw bmb}g¥ gjckmw. bm nlw |}m rlkrc wm lnjemkrl nl gjmkgjl. plvm¥ gmk |}m wck mk wå eìw gckgn}zmkrmw z eìw pcrmkrmw mk w} pv}mfl. nl jkb}ggj÷k. ln plvrjv bm nc vmln z wmk¥ wjfnm. plvmgm plvl kcwcrvcw eìw gckqjkgmkrm+

…

Nl bmajkjgj÷k? gce pvm kwj ÷k z mxrmk wj÷k

Nl bmrmvejklgj÷k gckgmpr}ln |}m nnlelecw ©bmaj¥ kjgj÷k¹ z |}m+ mk plvrm. pvcgmbm bm bmecwrvlgjckmw

c jkb}ggjckmw pvmrmkbm }k gckcgjejmkrc bm nl mwmkgjl ( ν Σ βγ βγ φ*. z plvl mnnc wck kmgmwlvjlw }kl wm¥ vjm bm bjwrjkgjckmw gnlvlw mkrvm dêkmvcw ( η Υ  εδ* z mwpmgjmw ( ν Ϗ βδ*+ β δ*+ Mwrcw bcw gckgmprcw mxpvmwlk bcw acvelw bm gnl¥ wjajglv l ncw jkbjqjb}cw vmlnmw z mxjwrmkrmw+ Lvjwr÷¥ rmnmw qlvål mn wjdkjajglbc |}m ncw dêkmvcw z nlw mw¥ mw¥  pmgjmw rmkålk mk Pnlr÷k. bmwlvvcnnlkbc eìw w}w vmnlgjckmw n÷djglw+ Mn dêkmvc mw }kl gnlwm bm gck¥ gmprcw bmajkjbcw wcfvm rcbc pcv w} mxrmkwj÷k? lkj¥ eln  mw }k dêkmvc mk mn |}m mwrì gcepvmkbjbl nl mw¥ mw¥  pmgjm hcefvm. z mw. pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. }k gckgmprc eìw mxrmkwc+ … Nl mxrmkwj÷k bm }k gckgmprc rjmkm |}m qmv  gck w} lepnjr}b. c wml. gck nl elzcv c emkcv  glkrjblb bm cfomrcw |}m glfmk mk ên+ … Nl gcepvmkwj÷k bm }k gckgmprc rjmkm |}m qmv gck nlw kcrlw |}m bmrmvejklk mwm gck¥ gmprc+ W}mnm bmgjvwm |}m l elzcv gcepvmk¥  wj÷k bm }k gckgmprc. emkcv mw w} mxrmkwj÷k.  z qjgmqmvwl. l elzcv mxrmkwj÷k. emkcv mw nl

gcepvmkwj÷k+ Mn gckgmprc hcefvm rjmkm eìw gcepvmkwj÷k |}m mn gckgmprc lkjeln. p}mw nc bmajkjecw pcv  }kl bjamvmkgjl mwpmgåajgl. nl vlgjcklnjblb. |}m kc rjmkm mn gckgmprc lkjeln+ Nl vj|}ml bm kcrlw |}m bmajkmk }k gckgmprc lb|}jmvm w} elzcv wjdkjajgl¥ gj÷k mk mn jkbjqjb}c gckgvmrc. pcv momepnc+ O}lk. |}m rjmkm }k wjkaåk bm kcrlw? lkjeln. eleåamvc+

Lnmdc vål emb embjmql jmqlnn bm nl wlfjb}vål? Lvjw r÷r mnm w mkrvm PEkjc. Jwjbcvc. Bncwg÷vjbmw z Lnf}elwlv.

hcefvm. klgjbc mn < bm elzc bm <:4:. mk Vck mrgêrmvl+ Wck rlkrlw nlw kcrlw |}m w} mxrmkwj÷k eåkjel? w÷nc p}mbm pvmbjglvwm bm wå ejwec+ A mwc. gcec qmvmecw. ©mn jkbjqjb}c mw jkmalfnm¹+ Rcbc mn jkwrv}emkrln |}m Lvjwr÷rmnmw pvmpo rjmkm gcec cfomrjqc mn nnmdlv l }k ©cvdlkjwj gjmkråajgc¹. bckbm wm mxpnjglk nlw gl}wlw bm gcwlw. z lnglklv lwå nl qmvblb bm w} gckwrjr}gþ nl qmvblb bmn wmv+

N l e m r l a åw jg l l v jw r c r ê njg l Mn kcefvm emrlaåwjgl. lplvmkrmemkrm rlk ajncw÷¥ ajgc z |}m wjvqm bm rår}nc l }kl wmvjm bm mwgvjrcw bjwpmvwcw bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw. a}m rcrlnemkrm glw}ln+ Wjk meflvdc. f}mkl plvrm bm mwrcw mwgvjrcw rvlrl¥   flk bm }k rmel gmkrvln plvl nl ajncwcaål? mn wmv+ Nl rv lbj gj÷ k dvjmdl zl hlfå l }rjnjlb c m mwr wrm m gckgmprc. gckgmprc. |}m lplvmgm mk mn hcvjckrm ajncw÷ajgc gck Plveê¥ kjbmw+ Pmvc wmvì Lvjwr÷rmnmw w} dvlk rm÷vjgc z nl Emrlaåwjgl nl cfvl bckbm kcw mxpckdl w} rmcvål+ Mk mnnl wm hlfnl bm ncw pvjkgjpjcw bm nl vmlnjblb wmkwjfnm |}m. gcec nl elrmvjl z nl acvel. plvm¥ gmk wmv mwrv}gr}vlw a}kblemkrlnmw bm nl vmlnjblb?

bm ncw kÿemvcw z nl elrmeìrjgl9 jkgn}wc hlz }k   pm|}müc qcglf}nlvjc ajncw÷ajgc mk }kc bm mwrcw njfv cw9 z }kl fvmqm fvmqm ©hjw rc vj l bm nl ajn cwcaål¹ mk mn   pvjemvc9 pmvc mw mn wmv. nl mwmkgjl. ncw ecbcw bm  wmv. nc |}m gckwrjr}zm mn lvd}emkrc gmkrvln bm nl cfvl+

<+ Nl kcgj÷k bm wmv+ Mwmkgjl z mxjwrmkgjl ]k njkd þjwr l bm k}mwr k}mwrvc vc rjmepc rjmepc hl mwgvjrc |}m © n l © ¥ rv}gr}vl rv}gr}vl bm nl nmkd}l dvjmdl dvjmdl pvmb jw pck ål l |}m |}m nl lg¥ gj÷k gj÷ k bm wmv r}qjmwm }k nlvdc bmwrj kc ajncw÷ajgc¹ Lf}kblkrmw rmwrjeckjcw bm nl njrmvlr}vl dvjmdl. lklw% vjcvmw l Pnlr÷k z Lvjwr÷rmnmw. kcw pmvejrmk lajvelv |}m wmv  wmv  mvl wjk÷kjec bm qjqjv+ Zc wcz. m|}jqlll.   p}mw. l zc rmkdc qjbl+ Mn wmv mepmlvì l mxpvmwlv  bcw lwpmgrcw bm nl vmlnjblb? mxjwrmkgjl z mwmkgjl Bmwbm mn p}krc bm qjwrl bm nc mxjwrmkgjln+ wmvll nl mwrv}gr}vl a}kblemkrln bm nlw gcwlw. w} pvêwme¥ mnl vmln. jkgn}wc mn lplvmgmv. w} elkjomwrlgr÷e+ mwcw ìvfcnmw. mwlw glwlw. mwcw hcefvmw+ Pcv  e}gl¹

|}m nl vmanmxj÷k ajncw÷ajgl wm hlzl jbc ©lfwrvlzml¥ bc¹ bm nlw bmrmvejklgjckmw c acvelw bmn wmv+ glm   pvjemv ecemkrc elwjqc m jkbmrmvejklbc bm nc vmln hl mwrlbc wjmepvm pvmwmkrm mk mn wmv+

bcw+ Pcv|}m dclecw mn wmkrjv mk wå ejwec. gck jkbm bmpmk

Vmw}emk bmn åkbjgm

bm nl

bmkgjl bm |}m kcw wjvql plvl lndc+ lndc+ Z wcfvm rcbc mn dcc bm

Emrlaåwjgl

ejvlv+ Y+++U Z nl vl÷ vl÷k k mw |}m nl nl qjwrl mw+ bm mkrvm rcbcw ncw ncw

Njfvc Njfvc J

Bm nc |}m rvlrl nl ajncwcaål ajn cwcaål?? gl}wlw gl}wlw z pvjk pvjk gjpjcw+ Pm|}mül hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål+

Njfvc Njfvc JJ

Nl qmvblb+ Nlw Nlw gjmkgjlw gjmkgjlw pvìg pv ìgrj rjgl glw+ w+ Nl aj ncwcaål+ Mn eêrcbc+

Njfvc JJJ

³Hlz ³Hlz }kl gjmkgjl c e}ghlw3 Ncw kÿ kÿ  emvcw mvcw z nlw nlw elrmeìrj elrm eìrjgl glw+ w+

wmkrjbcw. |}jmkkcw hlgm gckcgmv eìw z kcw bmwg}fvm eìw

bjamvmkgjlw+ :80l 66 66%64

Mwrm gcejmkc jepvmwgjkbjfnm bm rcbc gckcgj¥ ejmkrc lplvmgm mk mn hcefvm mk }k kjqmn bjwrjkrc |}m mn bm ncw lkjelnmw+

Njfvc JQ

Mn wmv mk wmv mk g}lkrc wmv+ Lplvjmkgjl z qmvblb+

]fvc ]fvc Q

Qcglf}nlvjc Qcglf}nlvjc bm rêvej rê vejkcw kcw ajncw aj ncw÷aj ÷ajgcw gcw++

Njfvc QJ

Nl gjmkgjl rm÷vjgl+ Wcfvm mn wmv lggjbmk rln+ Wmv z kc wmv+

eìw lkjelnmw qjqmk gck jeìd jeìdmk mkmw mw z vmg}mvbcw z plvrjgjplk

Wcfvm Wcfvm nl w}wrlkgjl+ w}wrlkgjl+ Acvel Acvel z gv mlgj ml gj÷k+ ÷k+ Mn

lvrm z bmn vlcklejmkrc+ Mk nc ncw hcefvmw. p}mw. nl mxpm

Njfvc QJJ

Pcvklr}vlnml. ncwlkjelnmwklgmkbcrlbcwbmwmk wmkwl wlgj gj÷k ÷k9 9 bm nl wmkw wmkwlg lgjj÷k klgm. mk lnd}kcw. nl emecvjl Y+++U ncw bm pcgcbm nl nl mxpmvjm jmkgjl9 pmvc mn dê dêkmv mvc h}elkc bjwpckm bmn vjmkgjl qjmkm bm nl emecvjl+

lvrm z mn llv+

:80f62%70 70 Njfvc QJJJ Nl w}wrlkgjl. nl elrmvjl z nlw gl}wlw+

Njfvc Njfvc JX

Bm nl pcrmkgjl+ Nl Nl lgr}lnjblb bmn bmn Fjmk+ Fjmk+

wmkwlgjckmw wm njfmvlk bm w} glvìgrmv maåemvc+ Lndc

Qmvblbmvc z alnwc+ Njfvc X

Nl }kjblb z nl bjamvmkgjl+ Jd}lnblb z cpc

wjgj÷k+ Nc |}m pmvmgm z nc jepmvmgmbmvc+ Njfvc Njfvc XJ

Bm k}mqc wcfvm wcfvm nl ajnc aj ncwca wcaål ål++ Mn Mn g}mvpc. mn jkajkjrc jkajkjrc z mn ecqjejmkrc+

Njfvc XJJ

Njfvc XJJJ

elrmeìrjgcw+ Gvårjgl

|}mbl mk kcwcrvcw bm mwlw wmkwlgjckmw jkembjlrlw |}m mn rjmepc wm nnmql+ Nl emecvjl mw nl pcwjfjnj¥ blb bm wlnqlvnlw+ …

Wcfvm nl mwmkgjl+ Mn pvjemv ecrcv z nl jkrmnjdmkgjl+

Ncw wmvmw

Nl emecvjl gckwrjr}zm lwå }k ackbc bckbm nlw

l nlw

Gvårjgl

l nlw jbmlw

©pnlr÷kjglw¹

Mwrm gcejmkc bm nl ajncwcaål plvrjmkbc bm nc wmkwj¥  fnm hlvì |}m Lvjwr ÷rmn mw gvjrj|}m nlw nlw jbmlw jbmlw pnlr÷kjg pnlr ÷kjglw? lw?

Jbmlw+

Njfvc XJQ

kÿemvcw z w} cvjdmk+ Ncw pjrld÷vjgcw+ Crvl qm nlw Ncw wmvmw mrmvkcw+ Ncw

Jbmlw+

Rcbcwnc ncw lvd}emkrcwgc gck|}m wm jk jkrmkrl pvcflv nl mxjwrmk

gjl bm nlw jbmlw. kc pv}mflk klbl+ Y+++U ]kl bm nlw eìw bjaå gjnmw gjnmw g}mwrjckmw wmvå wmvål l bmecwrvlvplvl |}ê wjvqmk nlw jbmlw

l ncw wmvmw wmkwjfnmw mrmvkcw c l ncw |}m klgmk z pmvmgmk+ p}mw kc gl}wlk mk mnncw kj ecqjejmkrc kj glefjc lnd}kc lnd}kc+

Rlepcgc wjvqmk bm klbl plvl nl gjmkgjl bm nlw bmeìw gc wlw. p}mw kc wck w}wrlkgjl bm êwrlw. bm nc gckrvlvjc mwrlvålk mk mnnlw+

::0f :%::
Nl pvjkgjpln cfomgj÷k bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw wm vmajmvm l mwrl wmplvlgj÷k |}m Pnlr÷k pckm mkrvm nlw jbmlw z nlw gcwlw+ Pcv mwc f}wgl }k wlfmv wlfmv nc w}ajgjmkr w}aj gjmkrmemk¥ memk¥ rm }kjqmvwln z lfwrvlgrc z |}m. ln ejwec rjmepc. mw¥ rê vlbjglbc mk nlw gcwlw z plvrl bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl bm mnnlw+ ]kl mxpmvjmkgjl |}m lgcpnl nl ejvlbl gck mn vmg}mvbc. nl wmkwlgj÷k gck nl vmanmxj÷k+ Lvjwr÷rmnmw pjmkwl |}m ncw gckgmprcw w}fomrjqcw

%mwlw qjwjckmw bm nlw jbmlw% hlk bm rmkmv }k a}kbl emkrc mk nc vmln. zl |}m. gcec

qmålecw. g}ln|}jmv 

gckcgjejmkrc bm nc }kjqmvwln hl bm mwrlv pvmgmbjbc bm }k gckcgjejmkrc wmkwjfnm z kc ©jbmln¹+ Kc mxjw¥ rm nl jbml |}m kc hlzl jbc nmqlkrìkbcwm wcfvm nl vmlnjblb bm nl mxpmvjmkgjl.

mwl emgnl bm wmkwl

gj÷k z emecvjl+ Ncw hcefvmw mepmlecw gckc¥

gjmkbc nc pvjemvc mk vmnlgj÷k vmnlgj ÷k gck kcwcrvcw z w÷nc

bm mnnc pcbmecw plvrjv plvl nnmdlv l nc |}m mw pvj emvc mk nl klr}vlnml+ Nc pvjemvc plvl kcwcrvcw wck nlw gcwlw wjkd}nl¥

6+ Nl gjmkgjl bmn wmv …

W}wrlkgjl W}wrlkgjl z lggjbmkrm lggj bmkrm

vmw. nc |}m pmvgjfmk ejw wmkrjbcw. mwrm hcefvm |}m

mw. mw. pcv mome momepnc. pnc. O}lk+ O}lk+ Lvjwr ÷rm nmw gc kwr v} jvì lwå rc¥ rc¥ bl }kl k}mql jkrmvpvmrlgj÷k bmn wmv+ Ncw p}krcw eìw jepcvrlk jepcvrlkrmw rmw bm mwrl mwrl jkr mvp vmr lgj ÷k wck? l* Hlz }kl gjmkgjl |}m pvmrmkbm mwr}bjlv mn wmv  mk g}lkrc wmv+

  f* Mwrm wmv mk g}lkrc wmv  mw }kl pmvwpmgrjql |}m   fvcrl bmn hmghc bm |}m w÷nc mxjwrm nl w}wrlk¥ gjl jkbjqjb}ln+

g* Wjk meflvdc. nl gjmkgjl bmn wmv mk g}lkrc wmv  kc p}mbm gckwrv}jvwm mk mn mwr}bjc bm glbl w}w¥ rlkgjl jkbj qjb}l n. mk g}lkrc g}lkrc rln. wjkc bm nc }kj qmvwln  |}m hlz mk glbl w}wrlkgjl z |}m pcbm¥ ecw pvmbjglv bm pvmbjglv bm mnnl. dvlgjlw l nl lfwrvlggj÷k z dmk mv ln j lgj ÷k |}m pmvejrm pmvejrm mn nmkd}l nmkd}lom+ om+ b* Pcv mwc Lvjwr÷rmnmw lajvelvì |}m ©mn wmv wm bj%

gm mk e}ghcw wmkrjbcw9 pmvc rcbcw wm vmajmvmk l }kl wcnl gcwl z l }kl klr}vlnml ÿkjgl z kc m|}åqcglemkrm9 z bm nl ejwel elkmvl |}m  pcv  wlkc wm mkrjmkbm rcbc nc |}m wm vmajmvm l nl wln}b. nc |}m nl gckwmvql. nc |}m nl pvcb}gm z nc |}m nl jkbjgl Y+++U lwå rlefjêk mn wmv rjmkm wmv rjmkm e}ghlw wjdkjajglgjckmw9 pmvc rcblw wm vmajm¥ vmk l }k wcnc pvjkgjpjc+ Bmgjecw bm rln gcwl |}m mw pcv|}m mw w}wrlkgjl9 bm crvl bmgjecw |}m mw pcv wmv ecbjajglgj÷k wmv  ecbjajglgj÷k bm nl w}wrlkgjl. bm crvl pcv|}m mwrì mk glejkc bm wmv w}wrlk gjl9 bm crvl bmgjecw |}m mw pcv|}m mw gcvv}p gj÷k. pvjqlgj÷k c g}lnjblb bm nl w}wrlkgjl. c  pcv|}m pvcb}gm c dmkmvl nl w}wrlkgjl c nlw gcwlw |}m wm bjgmk bm nl w} wr lk gj l¹ (Emr+. JQ. <007l 77%<007f <0*+ Mwc plvmgm bmgjv mn rmxrc lkrmvjcv+ Mk mamgrc. mn qmvfc wmv rjmkm elrjgmw bjwrjkrcw g}lkbc lajvelecw? ©O}lk mw hcefvm¹. ©O}lk mw njwrc¹ c ©O}lk mw eìw ln¥

rc |}m Glvncw¹+ Mwrlw ©elkmvlw¹ bm bmgjv mxpvmwlk acvelw bjamvmkrmw bm gcepcvrlvwm mn qmvfc wmv+ Mk nl  pvjemvl cvlgj÷k. wmv mxpvmwl wmv  mxpvmwl nl mwmkgjl. nc |}m qmv¥ blbmvlemkrm mw O}lk9 mk mn wmd}kbc glwc. mxpvmwl¥ ecw }kl g}lnjblb9 mk mn rmvgmv glwc. }kl glkrjblb+ Pmvc Lvjwr÷rmnmw jkwjwrm mk lndc a}kblemkrln l nc |}m kcw hlfålecw vmamvjbc zl+ Mwrlw ©glrmdcvålw¹ |}m bmwg}fvjecw bmwg}fvjecw ln lklnj lv nlw acve acvelw lw bm lrv jf} gj÷ k bmn qmvfc wmv. kc wck glrmdcvålw bmn o}jgjc. kc wck

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ecwl avlwm ©mn jkbjqjb}c mw jkmalfnm¹ wjdkjajglfl rlefjêk |}m glbl wmv gckgvmrc mw rlk gcepnmoc |}m kc pcbmecw bmgjvnc+ Kc pcbmecw ldcrlv rcblw w}w  pcwjfnmw glvlgrmvåwrjglw+ Pmvc. bm rcblw acvelw. wck w}wrlkgjlw pcv mxgmnmkgjl. ©pcv|}m wck w}omrc %nc |}m w}fzlgm% l rcblw nlw crvlw gcwlw9 bm ecbc |}m rcblw nlw crvlw gcwlw. c fjmk wm bjgmk bm mwlw w}w¥ rlkgjlw gcec bm w}w w}omrcw. c fjmk mwrìk mk mnnlw gcec mk w}w w}omrcw¹ (Glrmdcvålw. 6f 7%=*+ Wm bjgm bm O}lk |}m mw hcefvm9 wm bjgm bm ecvmkc |}m mwrì mk O}lk+

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Mn plwc bm nc pcwjfnm l nc vmln  jepnjgl mn ecqj¥ ejmkrc9 pmvc nl mwrv}gr}vl bm rcbc mn }kjqmvwc mk w}w glefjcw bm e}rlgjckmw vm|}jmvm. l w} qm. nl jbml bm rjmepc. |}m Lvjwr÷rmnmw bmajkm gcec? ©em¥ bjbl bmn ecqjejmkrc wmdÿk mn lkrmw z mn bmwp}êw Y+++U z lwå gcec mn ecqjejmkrc mw wjmepvm bjwrjkrc. lwå rlefjêk mn rjmepc¹ (Aåwjgl. JQ. 6<:f <%<0*+ Rc¥ bl nl vmlnjblb rjmkm n}dlv mk mwrm mw|}mel jkmwrl¥   fnm. cvdlkjlbc wjmepvm bmwbm mn plwlbc z cvjmkrl¥ bc hlgjl mn a}r}vc+ Mn rjmepc z mn ecqjejmkrc wm mxjdmk. p}mw. e}r}lemkrm+ Kc p}mbmk mxjwrjv mn }kc wjk mn crvc+ Pmvc mw je jepcwjfnm nm |}m mn ecqjejmkrc wm dmkmvm c wm gc

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g}jrmw kj }k bmwp}êw wj kc h}fjmvl rjmepc+ Z mn ecqjejmk rc. pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. mw gckrjk}c mk mn ejwec wmkrjbc |}m nc mw mn rjmepc+

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 alw bm Bj÷dmkmw Nlmvgjc+*

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|}m mnmdjecw mnmdjecw c vmghllecw z l ên ên nnmdlecw rmkjmkbc gcec kcvel bm rcbc fjmk l nl wmkwlgj÷k+

Glvrl l Emkmgmc+ < 6 ´

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Mn pvjkgj pjc bmn pnlgmv z mn pvjkgjpjc bmn bcncv

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mnmggj÷k c vmghlc l nl wln}b bmn g}mvpc z l nl wmvmkjblb  bmn lnel+ <68

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Dkcecncdjc. 27 …

F}wrc bm Mpjg}vc+ E}wmcw Glpjrlnjkcw. Vcel+

Nl lejwrlb z nl wcnjblvj wcnj blvjblb blb

Nl rmcv ål bmn pnlgmv plv mgå l jkbjglv }k gjmvrc pvmbc¥ pvmbc¥ ejkjc bmn mdcåwec. z bm ncw jkrmvmwmw jkbjqjb}lnmw+ Wj mn g}mvpc mw k}mwrvc a}kblemkrc. mn pnlgmv z mn bcncv wck nlw elkjamwrlgjckmw bm }kl wmkwjfjnjblb  pvmcg}plbl wjmepvm pcv w}w pvcpjcw ncdvcw c avlgl¥ wcw+ Nl lejwrlb. wjk meflvdc. kcw wlgl bm kcwcrvcw ejwecw z kcw pvczmgrl hlgjl ncw bmeìw+ Nl lejwrlb blkl mk rcvkc l nl rjmvvl z. gcec }k hmvlnbc. lk}kgjl l rcbcw |}m bmwpmvrmecw plvl nl nl amnj amnjgj gjblb+ blb+

Dkcecncdjc+ =6

Zl kc mw w÷nc nl gce}kjblb bm bjwgåp}ncw |}jm¥ kmw p}mbmk wmv lejdcw+ Mwrl jeldmk bm }kl lejw¥ rlb |}m pvmwjbm nl }kj÷k mk nl amnjgjblb bm rcbcw ncw wmvmw h}elkcw mw mxpvmwj÷k bmn gcwecpcnjrjwec hmnmkåwrjgc+ Ncw ìrcecw |}m gckwrjr}zmk ncw jkbjqj¥ b}cw wcnjrlvjcw. mk }k e}kbc glbl qm eìw lomkc. wm }kmk mk mwrm nlc |}m nl lejwrlb mwrlfnmgm+ Pmvc Mpjg}vc rvll rlefjêk nlw nåkmlw bm }kl ecvln }rjnjrlvjl |}m mwrlfl zl mk nlw vmanmxjckmw bm Lvjwr÷rmnmw+ Kmgmwjrlecw l ncw crvcw pcv|}m mw nl ÿkjgl elkmvl bm wcfvmqjqjv+ ©Klbjm mnmdjvål nl qjbl wj r}qjmvl |}m mwrlv wcnc¹. hlfål bjghc Lvjwr÷¥ rmnmw (MK. QJJJ. <. <<==l =*+ Lkrm mn e}kbc |}m qjqålk ncw dvjmdcw mk nl êpc¥ gl bm Mpjg}vc wm qjwn}efvlfl nl pvmwmkgjl bm a}mv%

lw |}m+ gck mn llv %nl e}mvrm bm Lnmolkbvc. c nl qjcnmkgjl bm lnd}kcw bm w}w w}gmwcvmw mvlk f}mkc; momepncw%. rmkålk |}m pvcqcglv nl fÿw|}mbl bm vm¥ a}djcw gcnmgrjqcw. |}m nnlelvlk l }kl lz}bl e}r}³ avmkrm l nl ejwmvjl z ln bmwrjkc+ Pmvc nl lejwrlb kc mw. gcec mn pnlgmv. lndc klr}¥ vln+ ©Rcbl lejwrlb mw bmwmlfnm pcv wå ejwel pmvg rjmkm w} cvjdmk mk nl }rjnjblb¹ (Dkcecncdjc. 67 z+ Nl }rjnjblb gvml }rjnjblb  gvml }kl mwpmgjm bm qjkg}nlgj÷k |}m w}¥   pnm lwå nl alnrl bm }k pvjkgjpjc klr}vln |}m nl w}w¥ rmkrm+ Nl lejwrlb lplvmgm mkrckgmw gcec }k gce pvcejwc |}m kcw hlgm wcnjblvjcw+

Lwå gcec nl klr}vlnml kcw gcepvcemrm gck kc¥ wcrvcw ejwecw. pcv mn mdcåwec cvjdjklvjc |}m kcw lrl l nl mxjwrmkgjl. mwm ejwec gcepvcejwc bmwg}fvm |}m ncw crvcw rlefjêk wck kmgmwlvjcw plvl mxjwrjv+ Wjk meflvdc. wcvpvmkbm mn vmghlc l rcbl plvrj gjplgj÷k mk nl qjbl pcnårjgl+ Mn nmel qjqm cg}nrc bmrmvejkl nl qjbl bmn wlfjc9 bm nc gckrvlvjc wm pjmv¥ bm nl pl jkrmvjcv+ Mw e}z pcwjfnm |}m mwrm vmghlc mwr}qjmwm ecrjqlbc pcv mn bmwgckgjmvrc pcnårjgc bm l|}mnncw rjmepcw bckbm rmkål |}m rvlkwacvelvwm nl jbml ejwel bmn Mwrlbc z bm w} cvdlk j lg j÷ k+ Mn alecwc avldemkrc ©Qlkl mw nl ajncwcaål |}m kc wjvqm plvl vmembjlv mn w}avjejmkrc bm ncw hce¥  fvmw¹ (avld+ 66<* plvmgm |}m pcbvål pmvbmv w} wmkrj¥ bc wj kc wm mwrlfnmgålk nlw jkwrjr}gjckmw glplgmw bm glklnjlv rlk mxgmnmkrm wmkrjejmkrc+

Mn crvc gvjrmvjc c glkck wck ncw lamgrcw c plwjc¥ kmw. l|}mnnc |}m plbmgmecw c mxpmvjemkrlecw lamgrjqlemkrm+ Mn pnlgmv  z mn bcncv  gckwrjr}zmk z acvolk }k mkrvlelbc mwmkgjln bm k}mwrvl elkmvl bm   pmvgjfjv mn e}kbc z k}mwrvcw lamgrcw+ L rvlqêw bm mnncw rmkmecw gvjrmvjcw |}m kcw cvjmkrlk wcfvm mn  fjmk z mn eln+ Rlkrc nlw lkrjgjplgjckmw gcec ncw lamgrcw. bmw¥ g}fvmk mk nl emkrm }k rmvvjrcvjc k}mqc |}m lkrjgjpl rmcvålw ecbmvklw+ Ncw wmvmw h}elkcw mwrìk. pcv  gckwjd}jmkrm. wcemrjbcw ln jepmvjc bm w} pvcpjc zc+ zc+ Mw mwrm bcejkjc w}fomrjqc mn |}m bmrmvejkl e}¥ ghlw bm k}mwrvlw lgrjr}bmw z k}mwrvc ©ecbc bm pmk¥ wlv¹+ Ln wmv lndc |}m wm hl hmghc mk k}mwrvl pvcpjl z pmvwckln hjwrcvjl. hmecw bm lrmkbmv l rcbc l|}m¥ nnc |}m gcnlfcvm l blv n} l mwl w}fomrjqjblb c gckwgjmkgjl. z l nc |}m rlefjêk p}mbl lnrmvlv c gcka}kbjv k}mwrvl acvel bm lkrjgjplvkcw l nc |}m hmecw bm wlfmv+ Ln nlbc bm nlw gckwrv}ggjckmw n÷djglw bm Lvjwr÷¥ rmnmw. pcv momepnc. plvmgm e}z mnmemkrln mwrl mx¥   pnjglgj÷k bmn gckcgjejmkrc+ Mk vmlnjblb kc rmkm¥ ecw crvcw mwgvjrcw mpjgÿvmcw |}m p}mblk gcepnmrlv  mwrcw mw|}melw+ Pmvc mw mqjbmkrm |}m mwrl jkwjwrmk¥ gjl mk nl vmlnjblb  bmn hcefvm z mk ncw gckbjgjckl ejmkrcw bm w} pvcpjc g}mvpc. pcv embjc bmn g}ln gcejmkl rcbc mn pvcgmwc bmn wlfmv. gckwrjr}zm }k glefjc jepcvrlkrm mk mn bmwlvvcnnc bm nl ajncwcaål+

M n m w r c j g jwj w e c nlvdc bm wmjw wjdncw %bmwbm mn JQ l+ bm G+ hlwrl mn wjdnc JJ b+ bm G+ Bmwrlglvmecw nlw ajd}vlw eìw jepcvrlkrmw? P V J E M V  M W R C J G J W E C

_mk÷k bm Gjrj÷k Gnmlkrmw Gnmlkrmw bm Lwwcw

Gvjwjpc bm Wcncj

(771%612* (770%676* (664%602*

MWRCJGJWEC E M B J C

Plkmgjc bm Vcblw Pcwjbckjgc bm Lpleml

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M W R C J G J W E C V C E L K C

Wêkmgl bm G÷vbcfl Mpjgrmrc bm Hjmvìpcnjw Elvgc L}vmnjc bm Vcel

(2%1=* (=%<6=* (<6< <80*

Nl bcgrvjkl mwrcjgl mxpmvjemkrl bjqmvwlw ecb}¥ nlgjckmw mk w}w bjwrjkrcw vmpvmwmkrlk vmpvmwmkrlkrmw+ rmw+ Mxp ckbv m¥ ecw w}w vlwdcw glvlgrmvåwrjgcw flwìkbckcw. wcfvm rcbc. mk mn pvjemv mwrcj gjwec+

E}mvrm bm Wêkmgl bm Dmvlvb qlk Hckrhcvwr+

6+ Nl êrjgl mwrcjgl+ Nl

m}bljeckål

Mn kcefvm bm mwrcjgjwec hl mkrvlbc mk nl hjwrcvjl gck nl l}vmcnl bm wmv }kl mwpmgjm bm vmwjwrmkgjl lk¥ rm nl lbqmvwjblb z nl elnl w}mvrm+ Mwrl cpjkj÷k vmw¥   pckbm eìw fjmk l nl qmvblb |}m nl gckwjbmvlgj÷k bm n mpjg}vmjwec gcec wjk÷kjec bm qjbl pnlgmkrm¥ vl+ Lbmeìw ejmkrvlw mn mpjg}vmjwec lb|}jvål pcv  mwm wjdkjajglbc }k rckc bmwpmgrjqc. mn mwrcjgjwec. gcec vmwjwrmkgjl l nl lbqmvwjblb. gcepcvrlfl lndc bjdkc z kcfnm+ Nl êrjgl mwrcjgl rlefjêk mwrlfnmgm nl amnjgjblb c m}bljeckål gcec pvjkgjpjc a}kblemkrln+ Nl mxpvm¥ wj÷k elzcv bm nl qjvr}b mw qjqjv gckacvem l nl kl r}vlnml z mwc kcw nnmkl bm amnjgjblb+ Mwrl gckacv¥ ejblb. mw lndc vlgjckln  |}m kcw hlgm gcjkgjbjv gck nl vl÷k c ncdcw bm nl klr}vlnml z bm nl qjbl+ Pmvc mwl klr}vlnml. gck nl |}m hlz |}m jbmkrjajglvwm. mw mn }kjqmvwc mkrmvc. gck w} lveckål z pnmkjr}b. ©pcv¥ |}m k}mwrvl klr}vlnml mw plvrm bm nl klr}vlnml bmn }kjqmvwc¹ (Bj÷dmkmw Nlmvgjc. QJJ.

84*+

Mwrm p}krc elvgl }kl jepcvrlkrm bjamvmkgjl gck mn mpjg}vmjwec+ Ejmkrvlw êwrm plvmgm lajvelv mn wmk¥ rjbc bm nl qjbl lgmprlkbc mxgn}wjqlemkrm nlw gckbj gjckmw bmn eìw lgì. mn mwrcjgjwec pvcp}dkl }kl jbmkrjajglgj÷k gck }k ncdcw |}m vmwjbm eìw lnnì bm nl klr}vlnml h}elkl+ Nl gckgcvblkgjl wm hlgm w}¥ emvdjmkbc ln jkbjqjb}c mk }kl lveckål }kjqmvwln+ Nl amnjgjblb  |}mbl lwå mwrlfnmgjbl mk crvcw kjqmnmw eìw eì w rm÷vjgcw |}m l|}mnnl gckgvmrl pvczmggj÷k hlgjl

… ^ pmvelkmgmv bmwgckcgj bmwgc kcgjbc. bc. wj wm bmolk h}kbjv h}kbj v mk lw cpjkjckmw z |}mhlgmvmw bm ncw jdkcvlkrmw. |}m.   ov¥dvlgjlblemkrm. nnmdlk l bcejklv mn e}kbc m je¥ ?´ ¥+mv mk ên w} qlgjmblb+ Mwrc plvmgm lnjemkrlv }k ¥?mv?c pmwjejwec wj wm pjmkwl mk nl bjwrlkgjl |}m hlz lom vmgcvvmv plvl lnglklv mn gcwecpcnjrjwec z nl gc¥ ¥ +v+jblb }kjqmvwln+ Bm rcblw acvelw. nl n}ghl pcv }kl }kjqmvwln  |}m hcecdmkmjlwm l ncw wmvmw h}el¥ ¹?/; mw }kl jepcvrlkrm lp cvrl cv rlgj gj ÷k bmn mwrcjgj mwr cjgjwec+ wec+ … Nl jkrmnj jkr mnjdmkgj dmkgjl l z nlw plwjckmw

 ΐ; rmkbmkgjlw bm gckgcvblkgjl gck wmkrjejmkrcw j 3kmw }kjqmvwlnmw hlgmk w}pckmv }k glnnlbc al klrjwec. }kl mwpmgjm bm kmgmwjblb  |}m rcbc nc mk¥ glbmkl z l nl |}m klbl p}mbm vmwjwrjvwm+ Rln qm pcv  l n c + nl qjvr}b glv lgr mvå wrj gl bmn mwrcjgjwec mwrcjgjwec mw nl jk% …Ogjjdmkgjl+ |}m Wêkmgl nnlelvì vlrjc pmvamgrl+ Rc¥   olw nlw crvlw g}lnjblbmw bmn hcefvm rjmkmk |}m gck% mk mnnl. zl |}m mw hmdme÷kjgl z bcejkl z lvvjkjl rcblw nlw crvlw g}lnjblbmw pcwjrjqlw+ Mwrl krm$+?dmkgjl mw nl |}m gckg}mvbl gck mn }kjqmvwc+ % plwjckmw rjmkmk. wjk meflvdc. }k plpmn jepcv% lg?m+ Wck elkjamwrlgjckmw bm nc pvjejrjqc z mwpck% …lcmc bm nl klr}vlnml+ Pmvc mwrl mwpckrlkmjblb hl Λ´%  S 

Wrcl bm Lrlnc mk Lrmklw+

bm wmv  gckrvcnlbl pcv nl vl÷k+ Lplvmgm }kl glvl   pcwjrjql bm rcblw mwrlw plwjckmw c lamgrcw. |}m wm elkjajmwrlk mk rcvkc l nl lnmdvål. nl bjwgvmgj÷k z nl qcn}krlb+

Mn mwgmprjgjwec <+

Mwg}mnlw z l}rcvmw

Pjvv÷k kc mwgvjfj÷ klbl z zl mk nl Lkrjdþmblb w÷nc wm gckcgålk w}w rmcvålw pcv nlw vmamvmkgjlw |}m mk w}w cfvlw hlgm Rje÷k. bm |}jmk rmkmecw. mkrvm crvcw mwgvjrcw. ncw Wjncw? }kl wmvjm bm pcmelw bckbm vjbjg}njlfl l ncw ajn÷wcacw |}m gvmålk wlfmv lndc+ Nl cvjmkrlgj÷k mwgêprjgl vmgjfm mn kcefvm bm mrêrjgl pcv w} mepmüc mk jkqmwrjdlv z cfwmvqlv9 mamgrjql pcv nl lgrjr}b emkrln |}m w}vdm mk mn mwr}bjc bm nc nc |}m wm jkqmwrj rjdl. z mn

bm lpcvêrjgl. fjmk %gcec bjgmk lnd}kcw% pcv jkqmwrjdlv z b}blv bm rcbc. fjmk pcv b}blv lkrm nl lajvelgj÷k. nl kmdl gj÷k+ Rlefjêk vmgjfm mn kcefvm bm pjvvckjwec pcv plvm gmecw |}m Pjvv÷k wm lgmvg÷ ln mwgmprjgjwec bm acvel eìw rlkdjfnm nm z mxpvmwl |}m w}w pvmbmgmwcvmw+

WMXRC MEPÅVJGC? Mwfccw pjvv÷kjgcw. J. 1% 4

6+ Gckrmk Gckrmkjbc jbc ajncw÷aj ajncw÷ajgc gc Vmw}ejvmecw lnd}kcw p}krcw gmkrvlnmw bmn mw¥ gmprjgjwec? <+ Nc ÿkjgc jkrmvmwlkrm mk nl qjbl mw gckwmd}jv  nl rvlk|}jnjblb bm mwpåvjr} (lrlvlxjl*+

6+ ]kl a}mkrm bm jkrvlk|}jnjblb mw |}mvmv nnmdlv  l gckcgjejmkrcw lfwcn}rcw+ lfwcn}rcw+ 7+ Hlz |}m lfwrmkmvwm bm rcbc o}jgjc+ Klbl hlz alnwc9 klbl qmvblbmvc+ 2+ Kc pcbmecw gckcgmv g÷ec wck nlw gcwlw mk  wå. zl |}m nl wmkwlgj÷k w÷nc rjmkm |}m qmv gck nl lplvjmkgjl+ Pcv gckwjd}jmkrm. kc p}mbc bm¥

ncw |}m wm elkjajmwrl mn pcbmv c ncw hìfjrc/ emkrlnmw |}m. wjk wlfmv. kcw gckbjgjcklk+ 1+ Rcbc nc mxr mvjcv l kcwcrvcw mw jkbjamvm $r  v 

(lbjìacvl*+

4+ G ce c kmgmwjrlecw kmgmwjrlecw qjq jv mk }k e}kbc bm lvl% vjmkgjlw. rmkbvmecw. l qmgmw. |}m jkgnjkl+‒    pcv nc eìw pvcflfnm+

gjv? mwrc mw9 wjkc mwrc em plvmgm+

=+ Kc pcbmecw rlepcgc ajlvkcw bm nl vl÷k. zl |}m w}w gckcgjejmkrcw wm flwlk mk nlw wmkwl¥ gjckmw+ Lbmeìw. e}ghcw bm ncw gckgmprcw |}m gckwjbmvlecw vlgjcklnmw pvcgmbmk bm rêvejkcw mwrlfnmgjbcw pcv ncw hcefvmw. z mk

Rmlrvc vcelkc bm Lnmolkbvål+

Mn mwgmprjgjw ec lngl k lv ì }k nlvdc bmwlvvcnnc mw mw+ nl hjwrcvjl bm nl ajncwcaål. bckbm e}ghlw qmgmw nl bj¥ wcgjlgj÷k mkrvm nc |}m ncw hcefvmw pjmkwlk z nc g om hlgmk kcw pckm l nl p}mvrl bm mwl jkwmd}vjblb ecvå |}m rlefjêk pvmcg}p÷ l ncw mwgêprjgcw lkrjd}cw+

Mn rjmepc z nl qjbl Kc mw |}m rmkdlecw pcgc rjmepc. rjmepc. wjkc |}m pmvbmecw e}ghc+ Nl qjbl mw w}ajgjmkrme w}ajgjmkrmemkrm nlvdl plvl hlgmv mk mnnl gcwlw dvlkbmw wj nl mepnmìvl ecw fjmk+ Pmvc mn |}m wm nc plwl mk qlgjmblbmw. mn |}m kc wm bmbjgl l klbl f}mkc. wjmkrm. ln mep}om bm nl

ÿnrjel hcvl jkmqjrlfnm. |}m wm nm hl mwglplbc nl qjbl wjk blvwm g}mkrl bm |}m mwrlfl glejklkbc pcv mnnl+ Kc wm kcw hl blbc }kl qjbl fvmqm. wjkc |}m kcwcrvcw hlgmecw |}m nc wml9 z kc wcecw pcfvmw bm rjmepc. wjkc |}m nc bmwpmvbjgjlecw+ bmwpmvbjgjlecw+ Plwl gcec gck ncw |}m wm hlk hmghc gck dvlk bmw vj|}mlw. pmvc |}m kc wck wmkwl rcw9 rcbc wm nmw bjwjpl mk }k jkwrlkrm jkwrlkrm+ Wj mwlw vj|}mlw. l}k|}m kc a}mvlk e}ghlw. nnmdlk l }k f}mk lbejkjw rvlbcv. wm lgvmgjmkrlk gck gck w} ejwec }wc+ Lwå. k}mwrvl qjbl mw flwrlkrm nlvdl plvl |}jmk nl nl wlfm }wlv fjmk+ WÊKMGL . Bm nl fvmqmblb  bm nl qjbl. J. <

Ncw mwrcjgcw lkrjd} lkrjd}cw. mbjgj÷k. rvlb+ z kcrlw bm Ì+ O+ G LPPMNNMR% RJ. Dvmbcw. Elbvjb. < : : 1 + Ajn÷wcacw

gåkjgcw

z

bvêklrmcw.

lkrcncdål gcemkrlbl+ Mbjgj÷k. rvlb}ggj÷k z kcrlw bm M+ LGCW% RL. Gåvg}nc bm Nmgrcvmw. Flvgm nckl. < : : 4 + Mpjg}vc. cfvlw+ Mwr}bjcpvmnje jej

klv. rvlb}ggj÷k z kcrlw bm E+ Rmgkcw. Elbvjb. < : : 6 +

O ]AVMWL.

F+ ALVVJKDRCK. Nl vmfmnj÷k bm

Mpjg}vc. G}nr}vl Pcp}nlv. Flv

gmnckl. < : 1 4 + G+ DLVG JL D ]LN z M+ L GCWRL. Nldêkmwjwbm}klecvln}rjnjrl vjl? Mpjg}vc êrjgl. rmxrc fjnjk

dþm. Flvvln. Flvgmnckl. < : 4 2 + G+ D LVGÅL D ]LN z E+ O+ JEL_. Nl ajncwcaål hmnmkåwrjgl. Gjkgmn.

Elbvjb. <:81+ M+ N NMB×. Mn m p j g} v m jw e c . }kl  ajncwcaål bmn g}mvpc. bmn dcc z 

bm nl lejwrlb. Rl}v}w. Elbvjb. <::=+

Hmecw jkrmkrlbc lkrmvjcvemkrm lkrmvjcvemkrm vmw}ejv lnd}klw lnd}klw bm nlw jbmlw bm

Pnlr÷k. Lvjwr÷rmnmw z ncw crvcw ajn÷wcacw dvjmdcw+ Pmvc lhcvl |}jwjê vlecw pvmwmkrlv rmxrcw bm bjghcw ajn÷wcacw. |}m kcw lgmvglk bm crvl elkmvl l w} pmkwlejmkrc+ Mwrcw rmxrcw pvmrmkbmk mkrlfnlv }k bjì ncdc rl efj efj êk gck kcwcrvcw ejwecw+

<+ Mn ejrc bm Rhm}rh z Rhle}w ( P N L R × K + Ambvc. 642g%* P}mw fjmk. cå |}m hlfål pcv    Kì}gvlrjw. mk Mdjprc. }kc bm ncw lkrjd}cw bjcwmw bmn n}dlv ln |}m+  pcv gjmvrc. mwrì mw rì gckwldvlbc gckwldvlbc mn pìol¥ vc |}m nnlelk Jfjw+ Mn kcefvm bm l|}mnnl bmjblb mvl mn bm Rhm}rh+ A}m êwrm |}jmk. pvjemvc. bmwg}fvj÷ mn kÿemvc z mn gìng}nc. z. rlefjêk. nl dmcemrvål z nl lwrvckceål. z.

lbmeìw. mn o}mdc bm blelw z mn bm blbcw. z. wcfvm rcbc. nlw nmrvlw+ Pcv 

l|}mn mkrckgmw. mvl vmz bm rcbc Mdjprc Rhle}w+ |}m qjqål mk nl dvlk gj}blb bm nl plvrm lnrl bmn  plåw. |}m ncw dvjmdcw nnlelk nl Rm%   flw mdjpgjl. lwå gcec l Rhle}w nnlelk Lee÷k+ L ên qjkc Rhm}rh+ z ecwrvìkbcnm w}w w}w lvrmw. nm bmgål

gvjrc. nnmdlvìk ln vmg}mvbc bmwbm   a}mvl. l rvlqêw bm glvlgrmvmw lom kcw. kc bmwbm bmkrvc. bmwbm mnncw ejwecw z pcv wå ejwecw+ Kc mw+

 p}mw. }k aìvelgc bm nl emecvjl nc |}m hlw hlnnlbc. wjkc }k wjepnm vm¥ gcvblrcvjc+ Lplvjmkgjl bm wlfjb}vål mw nc |}m pvcpcvgjcklw l r}w ln}e¥ kcw. |}m kc qmvblb+ Pcv|}m hlfjmk¥ bc cåbc e}ghlw gcwlw wjk lpvmk¥ bmvnlw. plvmgmvì |}m rjmkmk e}ghcw gckcgjejmkrcw. wjmkbc. ln gckrvl¥ vjc. mk nl elzcvål bm ncw glwcw. rc¥ rlnemkrm jdkcvlkrmw. z bjaågjnmw. lbmeìw. bm rvlrlv pcv|}m hlk lgl¥   flbc pcv gckqmvrjvwm mk wlfjcw lplvmkrmw mk n}dlv bm wlfjcw bm qmvblb¹+

|}m bmfålk wmv mkrvmdlblw ln vmwrc

AMB+%¬\}ê fjmk wm rm bl+ W÷gvl¥

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rmw. hlgmv bjwg}vwcw bm Mdjprc. c bm g}ln|}jmv crvc plåw |}m wm rm lkrcom,

Y+++U

Pmvc g}lkbc nnmdlvck l nc bm nlw nmrvlw. bjoc Rhm}rh? ©Mwrm gckcgj¥ ejmkrc. ch vmz. hlvì eìw wlfjcw l ncw mdjpgjcw z eìw emecvjcwcw.  p}mw wm hl jkqmkrlbc gcec }k aìv¥ elgc bm nl emecvjl z bm nl wlfjb}¥ vål¹+ Pmvc ên nm bjoc? ©¬Ch lvrjajgjc¥ wåwjec Rhm}rh, L }kcw nmw mw blbc gvmlv lvrm. l crvcw o}dlv |}ê bm bl¥ üc c pvcqmghc lpcvrl l ncw |}m pvm¥ rmkbmk hlgmv }wc bm ên+ Z lhcvl rÿ+ pvmgjwlemkrm. plbvm |}m mvmw bm nlw

nmrvlw. pcv lpmdc l mnnlw. nmw lrvjf}¥ zmw pcbmvmw gckrvlvjcw l ncw |}m rjmkmk+ Pcv|}m mw cnqjbc nc |}m   pvcb}gjvìk mk nlw lnelw bm |}jm kmw nlw lpvmkblk. ln bmwg}jblv nl emecvjl. zl |}m. ajìkbcwm bm nc mw

W÷g+%Mn glwc mw+ lejdc eåc+ |}m. wmdÿk wm bjgm |}m wm bmgål mk mn rmepnc bm _m}w mk Bcbckl. nlw   pvjemvlw plnlfvlw pvcaêrjglw hl¥   fålk wlnjbc bm }kl mkgjkl+ P}mw l ncw hcefvmw bm mkrckgmw. gcec kc mvlk wlfjcw gcec qcwcrvcw ncw o÷¥ qmkmw. rln jkdmk}jblb rmkålk |}m wm gckacvelflk gck cåv l }kl mkgjkl c l }kl vcgl. w÷nc gck |}m bjomwmk nl qmvblb+ Wjk meflvdc. plvl rj rln qm hlz bjamvmkgjl wmdÿk |}jêk wml mn |}m hlfnm z bm b÷kbm+ P}mw kc rm ajolw ÿkjglemkrm mk wj nc |}m bjgmk mw lwå c bm crvl elkmvl+ AMB+%Rjmkmw vl÷k ln vmpvmkbmv¥ em. z gvmc |}m gck nc bm nlw nmrvlw  plwl nc |}m mn rmflkc bjgm+

W÷g+%Lwå p}mw. mn |}m pjmkwl |}m hl bmolbc }k lvrm pcv mwgvjrc. z bm nl ejwel elkmvl. mn |}m nc vmgjfm gc¥ ec lndc |}m wmvì gnlvc z ajvem pcv  mn hmghc bm mwrlv mk nmrvlw. vmfcwl

vì gcec pcv mkrvmrmkjejmkrc9 lrm¥ wcvlkbc. ln mwgvjfjvncw. vmgcvblrc¥ vjcw plvl g}lkbc nnmd}m nl mblb bmn cnqjbc. |}m nm wmvqjvìk l ên z l g}lk¥ rcw hlzlk wmd}jbc w}w ejwelw h}m¥ nnlw+ Z bjwav}rlvì qjmkbc elb}vlv  rlk rjmvklw pnlkrlw. z g}lkbc crvcw wm blk l crvlw bjqmvwjckmw z wm hlv¥ rlk bm gcemv z fmfmv z rcbc g}lkrc gck mwrc wm hmvelkl. hmvelkl. ên. mk glefjc. g lefjc.   plwlvì. gcec mw bm mwpmvlv. w} rjmepc bjwrvlzêkbcwm gck nlw gcwlw |}m |}m rm mwrcz bjgjmkbc+ bjgjmk bc+ AMB+%]kc mxrvlcvbjklvjlemkrm hmvecwc. ln nlbc bm rlkrc êkrvmrm%

kjejmkrc flnlbå. mw mn |}m bjgmw. W÷gvlrmw. z |}m pmvejrm mkrvmrm¥ kmvwm gck nlw plnlfvlw. gcepc¥ kjmkbc hjwrcvjlw wcfvm nl o}wrjgjl z rcblw nlw crvlw gcwlw l nlw |}m rm vmajmvmw+

W÷ g+ %Lw å mw. mw. mk mamgrc. mamgrc. |}mvjbc |}mvjbc Ambvc+ Pmvc e}ghc eìw hmvecwc. hmvecwc.  pjmkwc zc. mw cg}plvwm gck wmvjm¥ blb bm mwrlw gcwlw. g}lkbc lnd}jmk. hlgjmkbc }wc bm nl bjlnêgrjgl z mnj¥ djmkbc }k lnel lbmg}lbl. pnlkrl z wjmefvl plnlfvlw gck a}kblemk¥ rc. glplgmw bm lz}blvwm l wå ejw¥ elw z l |}jmkmw nlw pnlkrl Y+++U

  Nnlel nl lrmkgj÷k |}m Pnlr÷k gvjrj|}m rlk b}vlemkrm nl mwgvjr}vl+ Pvmgj   wlemkrm mw l rvlqêw bm mnnl gcec hl pcbjbc nnmdlv hlwrl kcwcrvcw+

<+ F}wgl mk mn rmxrc bcw plnlfvlw mk nlw |}m plvmgm a}kblvwm nl gvårjgl bm Pnlr÷k l nl mwgvjr}vl+ 6+ Hlz mk mn rmxrc lnd}klw lnd}klw avlw avlwmw mw e}z e}z glvl gl vlgr grmv mvåwr åwrjg jglw lw bm nc |}m mk ên wm |}jmvm mkwmülv+ W}fvìzlnlw z vmanmxjckl wcfvm mnnlw+ 7+ Jkqmkrl }k fvmqm bjìncdc wcfvm ncw lvd}emkrcw |}m blk Rhm}rh z Rhle}w Rhle}w plvl o}wrjajglv o}wrjajgl v w}w w}w cpjkjckmw wcfvm wcfvm nlw ©nmrv ©nm rvlw lw¹+ ¹+ 2+ ³Pcv |}ê |}jmvm Rhm}rh blv l gckcgmv nlw nmrvlw l rcbcw ncw mdjpgjcw3 =+ ³Pcv ³Pc v |}ê wm pvmrmkbm pvmrmkbm a}kblv a}kblv mk nl emecvjl }kl bm nlw pcwjfnmw qmk¥ rlolw bm nlw nmrvlw3 1+ ³Pcv |}ê wm hlfnl bm }rjnjblb plvl }rjnjblb  plvl o}wrjajglv ncw jkqmkrcw |}m Rhm}rh cavmgm cavmgm l Rhle}w3 ³Bm |}ê }r }rjnjbl jnjblbb wm rvlrl3 4+ ³\}ê cpcwjgj÷k wm pcbvål mwrlfnmgmv mkrvm cnqjbc z emecvjl mk nl lvd}emkrlgj÷k bmn vmz bm Mdjprc3 8+ ³\}ê |}mvål bmgjv Pnlr÷k gck }kl mxpvmwj÷k gcec ©nnmdlv ln vmg}mv¥ bc bmwbm a}mvl z kc bmwbm kcwcrvcw ejwecw¹3 ³Rjmkm lndc |}m qmv  mwrl mxpvmwj÷k gck nc |}m Pnlr÷k mkrjmkbm pcv mb}glgj÷k (pljbmjl*, :+ Hlz mk mn rmxrc rmxrc }kl vmamvmkgjl vmamvmkgjl ln ©wlfmv¹ lplvmkrm+ ³Mk |}ê wm bjamvmk¥ gjl }k wlfmv lplvmkrm bm }k qmvblbmvc wlfmv, ³Pcv |}ê wm bl rlkrl je¥

 pcvrlkgjl l nlw lplvjmkgjlw lplvjmkgjlw (phljkcemkcvj* mk rcbl nl g}nr}vl dvjmdl3 <0+ <0+ Lklnj Lkl njl l nlw wmemolklw wmemolklw z bjamvmkgjlw bjamvmkgjlw mkrvm nlw nmrvlw nmrvlw z nlw ©pjkr}v ©pjk r}vlw lw¹ ¹l |}m Pnlr÷k ln}bm+ Pjmkwl wcfvm mwl acvel bm wjnmkgjc bm nlw mwrlr}lw+ ³Wm glnnlk rlefjêk nlw nmrvlw. gcec Pnlr÷k lajvel3 <<+ <<+ ³Hlz ³Hl z mk mn rmxrc lnd}kl lnd}kl o}wrjajgl o}wrj ajglgj÷k gj÷k bm nc |}m pcgc bmwp}êw bmwp} êw z hlwrl hlwrl k}mwr k}mwrvc vcww bålw bål w wm gckcgm gcec gcec ©jkrmvpvmrl ©jkrm vpvmrlgj÷k gj÷k bm rmxrcw r mxrcw¹3 ¹3 <6+ ³Hlz vlckmw |}m mxpnj|}mk mn |}m lnd}jmk mkrjmkbl emocv }k emocv }k rmxrc3 <7+ ³Mk |}ê wmkrjbc wm pcbvål lajvelv nl alecwl mxpvmwj÷k bmn vcelkrjgjw¥ ec lnmeìk ©Mkrmkbmv l }k l}rcv emocv bm nc |}m ên wm mkrjmkbm l wå ejwec¹3 <2+ ³\}ê jkrmvpvmrlgj jkrmvpv mrlgj÷k ÷k p}mb p}mbmm blvwm blvwm l nl gceplvlgj÷k gceplvl gj÷k pnlr÷kj p nlr÷kjgl gl bm nlw pl¥ nlfvlw nlfvlw gcec gcec ©wmejnnlw ©wm ejnnlw¹3 ¹3 <=+ ³G÷ec ©wlnql¹ Pnlr÷k nl mwgvjr}vl3

6+ Nl ¬bml bmn lecv

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mn q}ndc. pcv mn gckrvlvjc. mw v}bc z mwg}ìn mwg }ìnjbc jbc.. lkbl bmwglnc z glvm¥ gm bm hcdlv. b}mvem wjmepvm mk mn w}mnc z wjk nmghc. lgcwrìkbcwm ln wmvmkc mk nlw p}mvrlw z mk ncw gl¥ ejkcw. p}mw pcv rmkmv nl gckbj¥ gj÷k bm w} elbvm. mw wjmepvm gce¥  plümvc  plü mvc jkwmplvlfn jkwmplvlfnmm bm nl pcfvml+ Elw+ pcv crvl plvrm. wmdÿk nl gck¥ bjgj÷k bm w} plbvm. lgmghl l ncw  fmnncw z l ncw f}mkcw. mw qlnmvcwc. jkrvêpjbc z bjnjdmkrm9 gllbcv rm¥ ejfnm. |}m wjmepvm }vbm lnd}kl rvlel9 mw lplwjcklbc pcv nl wlfj wlfj

b}vål z aêvrjn mk vmg}vwcw? ajncwcal l nl nlvdc bm rcbl w} qjbl z mw }k   acvejblfnm eldc. eldc. }k mefmnmwl mefmnmwl

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l w} qm ncw jdkcvlkrmw kj ajncwc¥ alk kj bmwmlk hlgmvwm wlfjcw. p}mw mk mwrc mwrvjfl mn eln bm nl jdkc¥ vlkgjl? mk kc wmv kj kcfnm kj f}m¥ kc. kj wlfjc z pmkwlv. wjk meflv¥ dc. |}m wm mw+ Lwå mn |}m kc gvmm mwrlv alnrc bm klbl kc wjmkrm bmwmc bm nc |}m gvmm kmgmwjrlv+ %Mkrckgmw. ³+|}jêkmw wck ncw |}m ajncwcalk+ Bj÷rjel %nm bjom zc%. zc %. wj kc wck ncw wlfjcw wlfjcw kj ncw jd¥ kcvlkrmw3

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