DIBAJI YA TOLEO LA KWANZA LA KAMUSI YA KISWAHILI-KIINGEREZA Kamusi hii ya Kiswahili-Kiingereza ina historia ndefu. Wazo la kutunga kamusi hii ilianzishwa mwaka 1964 na Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili (ambacho kuanzia mwaka 1972 kilijulikana kama Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili). Wazo hili lilibuniwa wakati wa enzi ya Profesa Wilfred H.Whitely, ambaye wakati huo alikuwa ndiye Mkurugenzi wa Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili, ikiwa ni miaka 25 baada ya kuchapishwa kwa kamusi ya Johnson ijulikanayo kama Standard Swahili-English Dictionary (1939). (1939). Kazi ya utunzi wa kamusi mpya ilianza baada ya shirika lijulikanalo kama Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation kutoa kutoa msaada wa pesa kwa Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili kwa kipindi cha miaka mitatu kuanzia mwaka 1964 hadi Octoba 1967 ili kukiwezesha chuo kumwajiri mchunguzi atakayeweza kuifanya kazi hiyo. Katika kutekeleza azma hiyo, Chuo kilimwazima Bwana J.A.Tejani kutoka Wizara ya Elimu Zanzibar na kumwajiri kama Mchunguzi. Bwana Tejani wakati huo alikuwa na shahada ya B.A. katika lugha za Kiarabu na Kiajemi ya Chuo Kikuu cha London, na alikuwa pia na ujuzi katika lugha za Kigujarati, Kiurdu na Kiswahili. Ilipangwa kuwa Mchunguzi Tejani angekuwa anasaidiwa na Mchunguzi Msaidizi na angeshauriwa na Miss M.A. Bryan wa School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), London Profesa E. Dammann wa Marbury na Profesa D.A. Olderogge wa Leningrad. Bwana Tejani alipokuwa Mkurugenzi wa Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili kati ya mwaka 1968 na 1969, aliendelea kuifanya kazi hii hadi mwaka 1970 alipoikabidhi kwa Mkurugenzi mpya wa Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili, Bwana George Mhina. Mwaka 1967, kabla ya kuteuliwa kwa Mkurugenzi mpya, Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa lilikielekeza Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili kuwa kamusi inayopaswa kuandaliwa mwanzo iwe kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiswahili na wala sio kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiingereza. Kwa hiyo mwaka 1970 kazi ya kwanza ya Mkurugenzi mpya, Bwana George Mhina, ilikuwa ni kuhakikisha kuwa vitomeo vyote vilivyomo katika kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiingereza iliyoanzishwa na Tejani vinatafsiriwa upya katika Kiswahili. Mswada wa kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiswahili ulikamilika Juni 4, 1978 na kamusi ikatoka mwaka 1981. Mwaka 1972, Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili ilimpata mtaalamu wa kamusi kutoka Poland, Profesa Rajmund Ohly. Kwa kuanzia profesa huyu alipewa kazi ya kutunga kamusi ya Kiingereza-Kiswahili. Hata hivyo, mwaka 1975, Taasisi ilipounda jopo la wataalamu wa kamusi ili kukamilisha kazi ya kutunga kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiswahili, Profesa Ohly alisitisha kazi ya kutunga kamusi ya Kiingereza-Kiswahili na kujiunga n a jopo la kamusi ya KiswahiliKiswahili.
Baada ya kazi ya kutunga kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiswahili kukamilika mwaka 1978, wachunguzi katika Sehemu ya Kamusi walirejelea kazi ya kutunga kamusi ya Kiingereza-Kiswahili aliyokuwa ameianza Profesa Ohly. Kamusi hiyo ilikamilika na kuchapishwa Desemba , 1996. Baada ya utunzi wa kamusi za Kiswahili-Kiswahili na Kiingereza-Kiswahili kukamilika na miswada kuchapishwa, Sehemu ya Kamusi ya TUKI ilipata nafasi ya kuurejelea tena mradi wa Kiswahili-Kiingereza uliokuwa umeahirishwa tangu mwaka 1967. Kazi ya kuandaa mswada wa Kamusi hii ilianza rasmi Januari 1997 na n a jopo la kwanza lililopitia herufi A na B liliketi Machi 1997. Katika kuandaa kamusi ya Kiswahili-Kiingereza, wataalamu wa Sehemu ya Kamusi hawakutegemea kadi za maneno zilizotayarishwa na Bwana Tejani kama msingi wa kupatia vidahizo, bali walitegemea mswada wa toleo la pili la Kamusi ya Kiswahili Sanifu ambao wakati wa udurusu wake uliongezewa maneno mapya kutoka Kenya na Tanzania. Utayarishaji wa mswada wa kamusi hii ulipitia hatua mbalimbali na kufanyiwa vikao vya jopo na vya uhariri uh ariri nje ya kituo cha kazi ili kuharakisha ukamilishaji wake. Vikao hivyo vilifanyika huko Kibaha (1997), Moshi (Agosti, 1999), Morogoro (Juni, 2000), Tanga (Septemba, 2000) na Dar-es-Salaam (Desemba, 2000). Wanajopo walioshiriki katika utayarishaji wa muswada na kushiriki katika vikao vya jopo ni Profesa James S. Mdee, Profesa Hermus J. Mwansoko, Dkt. Albina R. Chuwa, Dkt. Eliezer K.F. Chiduo, Dkt. John G. Kiango na Dkt. Zubeida N. Tumbo-Masabo. Tunapenda pia kumtaja Dkt. George Mrikaria, kwa mchango alioutoa katika kazi ya uhariri wa mwisho wa kazi hii, na Bi Eiko Kimura wa ubalozi wa Japani kwa kutuunganisha na wanataaluma wa Chama cha Japan cha Taaluma za Kiafrika ambao wamechangia katika mradi huu. Wakati wa harakati za utayarishaji wa kamusi hii, Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili iliweza pia kuwashirikisha wazawa wa lugha ya Kiingereza katika hatua mbalimbali za uhariri. Tunapenda kutambua ushirikiano na mchango mzuri katika uhariri uliofanywa na Mabwana Richard Mabala na Christopher Elkington. Tunapenda kutambua ushirikianao na mchango tulioupata kutoka kwa watu na makundi mbalimbali. Kwa kuwa hatuwezi kuwataja wote kwa majina, tunapenda kutoa shukrani zetu za dhati kwa wote waliohusika. Hata hivyo, hatuna budi kutoa shukrani za pekee kwa Chuo Kikuu cha Dar-es-Salaam, hususan kwa Makamu wa Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Dar-es-Salaam, Profesa Matthew L. Luhanga, ambaye pamoja na timu yake ya utawala wa Chuo, alihakikisha kuwa hatukwami katika utekelezaji wa kazi hii. Tunapenda pia kuwashukuru wanafanyakazi wote wa Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili ambao wameshiriki kwa namna mbalimbali katika kukamilisha kazi hii.
Mwisho hatuna budi kumtaja Mkurugenzi Mstaafu wa TUKI, Profesa S.A.K.Mlacha, kwa kufanikisha utungaji wa kamusi hii. Yeye ndiye aliyekuwa msimamizi mkuu wa mradi huu tangu mwaka 1997. Taasisi inampongeza kwa jitihada zake alizozifanya katika kuhakikisha kamusi hii inachukua muda mfupi kukamilika. Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili inapenda pia kuwashukuru wafadhili wetu waliotusaidia katika kuikamilisha kazi hii. Kwanza tunapenda kushukuru Shirika la Canadian Organization for Development in Education (CODE) East Africa, kwa kutupatia msaada wa karatasi. Pili, The Norwegian Council for Higher Education's Programme for Development Research and Educ ation (NUFU), kwa kutupatia kompyuta na kufadhili gharam a za vikao vya jopo la kamusi. Tatu, Profesa Hino Shungya pamoja na wanataaluma na maprofesa wenzake wa Chama cha Japan cha Taaluma za Kiafrika na Kampuni ya uchapishaji ya Kijapan Kodansha Ltd, kwa michango yao waliyoitoa kwa moyo mkunjufu kwa Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili ili kufanikisha uchapishaji wa kamusi hii. Michango yao imesaidia sana siyo tu katika kuikamilisha kamusi hii, bali pia katika kukienzi na kukiendeleza Kiswahili, na pia kuendeleza urafiki uliopo baina ya Tanzania na Japan. Kuchapishwa kwa kamusi hii kunakamilisha seti ya kamusi za Kiswahili. Kwa sasa Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili imechapisha Kamusi ya Kiswahili Sanifu (1981), (1981), Kamusi ya Kiingereza-Kiswahili (1996) (1996) na Kamusi ya Kiswahili- Kiingereza (2001). (2001). Ni matumaini yetu kuwa kamusi zote tatu zitawanufaisha wasomaji wetu, na kuwa zitakuwa hazina bora ya lugha ya Kiswahili. Profesa M.M. Mulokozi Machi, 2001 Mkurugenzi
A (kutegemea kiimbo) aa pia ahaa ki (kutegemea ah! (Mungu pekee) the most aalam* kv (Mungu knowledgeable: Allahu ~ Almighty ~ Almighty God, the most knowledgeable. (Kar) (vitu) superior, great; aali* kv (vitu) exalted: Haya exalted: Haya ni mambo ~ these are
an expression of surprise. ama2! ki an [ele ] attach, affix. (tde (tde ) am.a3 kt [ele (tden ) amiana ; (tdk (tdk ) amika; amia, (tden (tds ) amisha; (tdw (tdw ) amwa. ](kwa nguo mbichi) be ama.a kt [sie ](kwa dry: Shati lililolowa lime~ the wet shirt is dry. (tde (tde ) amalia; (tdk (tdk )
great (exalted) things. (Kar)
(tds ) amasha. amaka; (tds
[a-/wa- ] 1 educated aalimu* nm [a-/wa- man (in islamic knowledge). 2 scholar. kv having having profound islamic knowledge. (Kar)
[i-/zi- ] armageddon. amagedoni* nm [i-/zi- (Kng) [i-/zi- ] charm, witchcraft, amali1 nm [i-/zi- sorcery.
relic, ruins. (Kar) aathari* nm relic, hallo! hey! abaa! ki hallo!
[i-/zi- ] work, act, career, amali2* nm [i-/zi- habit. (Kar)
not at all, never: abadani !* ki not Hutakubaliwa ~ you ~ you will never be accepted. (Kar)
[i-/zi- ] pledge, deposit, amana1* nm [i-/zi- gage, trust, security: Weka security: Weka ~ put ~ put in pawn. (Kar)
forever, eternity, always, abadi* kl forever, permanently: Tatizo permanently: Tatizo hili sasa ~ this is now a permanent problem. (Kar)
[i-/zi- ] precious thing. amana2* nm [i-/zi- (Kar) [i-/zi- ] peace. (Kar) amani* nm [i-/zi-
abakusi pia abaki nm [i-/zi- ] abacus. [i-/zi- ] pulley used on abedari * nm [i-/zi- dhows. (Kar) (wanawake) word abee! pia bee! ki (wanawake) used in response to summons or address. [ele ] sail, navigate, travel. abir.i1* kt [ele (tde ) abiria, (tden (tden ) abiriana, (tdew ) (tdk ) abirika; (tds (tds ) abiriwa; (tdk abirisha. (Kar)
[ele ] expect. (tde (tde ) amani.a* kt [ele (tdk ) amanika; (tdn (tdn ) amanilia; (tdk (tds ) ananisha ; (tdw (tdw ) amaniana ; (tds amaniwa. (Kar) [i-/zi- ] hawser, anchor amari nm [i-/zi- rope/cable. [ele ] ] 1 say, explain, talk: amb.a1 kt [ele Wa~je? what what do you say? 2 slander, abuse, speak ill of sb. (tde) ambia, (tden) ambiana; (tdk (tdk ) ambika ; (tds )ambisha; (tdw) ambwa.
[ele ] forecast; foretell; abir.i2* kt [ele predict. (tde (tde ) abiria, (tdn ) abiriana , (tdew ) abiriwa; (tdk (tdk ) abirika; (tds (tds ) abirisha. (Kar)
may be, perhaps: ~ amba2 kl may atanunua gari maybe maybe he'll buy a car.
[sie ] learn from experince abir.i3* kt [sie or incidents. (tde (tde ) abiria; (tdk (tdk ) (tds ) abirisha. (Kar) abirika; (tds
relative stem denoting amba-4 kv relative who, which, where.
[a-/wa -] -] passenger: Gari passenger: Gari abiria* nm [a-/wa moshi la ~ passenger ~ passenger train; Gari train; Gari la ~
exactly, that's right. amba3 ki exactly,
[sie ] vamoose, skirt past, amba.a kt [sie pass near: ~ huko! get get lost. (tde) (tdw ) ambalia; (tdk) ambaka ; (tdw
bus; Mizigo ya ~ passenger ~ passenger luggage. (Kar)
abjadi*
nm [i-/zi- [i-/zi- ] alphabet: ~ alphabet: ~ za Kiswahili Swahili Swahili alphabet; ~ alphabet; ~ za Kirumi Roman Roman alphabet. (Kar)
ablauti*
nm [i-/zi- [i-/zi- ] ablaut. (Kng)
[i-/zi- ] chance, abra* nm [i-/zi- opportunity, spare time: Sina ~ I ~ I have no time; Sijapata ~ ya kuongea nao I I haven't had an opportunity to talk to them. (Kar)
abtali* nm [wa- ] heroes, heroin (us. of war). (Kar) [a-/wa- ] father. (Kar) abu* nm [a-/wa- [ele ] 1 worship: ~ Mungu abud.u1* kt [ele mmoja worship worship one God. 2 idolize. 3 adore, love: ~ kazi adore adore work; ~ usingizi adore adore sleep. (tde (tde ) abudia, tden ) abudiana , (tdew) (tdew) abudiwa; (tdk ) abudika; (tds (tds ) abudisha. (Kar) [a-/wa- ] toy. (Kar) abudu2* nm [a-/wa- [u-/i- ] ebony: Samani ebony: Samani abunusi * nm [u-/i- za ~ ebony ~ ebony furniture. (Kar) [a-/wa- ] cunning abunuwasi * nm [a-/wa- character in Arabic tales. (Kar) [i-/zi- ] pledge. aburani nm [i-/zi- [i- ] doors: ~ doors: ~ iko wazi abuwabu* nm [i- the doors are open. (Kar)
ambaza. mwambao nm . ambavyo [ki-/vi-] ambacho nm ambavyo [ki-/vi-] which: Kitabu ~ amekipoteza the the book which he lost. [u-/i- ] which: Mti ambao nm ambayo [u-/i- ~ umeanguka the the tree which fell. nm ambayo [li-/ya- [li-/ya- ] which: ambalo nm ambayo Kasha ~ amechukua the the box which he took. [u-/zi- ] which: ambao nm ambazo [u-/zi- Wimbo ~ anaimba the the song which he is singing. [ pa- ] where (specific ambapo nm pa- position): Mahali ~ anaishi where where he lives. -] where (general ambako nm [ku -] position) Mahali ~ anajenga where where she/he is building. -] where (inside (inside ambamo nm [mu -] position) Nyumba ~ anaishi the the house in which she lives.
ambaye nm ambao [a-/wa- ] who: Mtoto ~ analia the the child who is crying. [i-/zi- ] ambergris. (Kar) ambari * nm [i-/zi- [ele ] stick sth together, ambat.a kt [ele attach together. (tde (tde ) ambatia; (tdk (tdk ) ambatika ; (tdn) ambatana ; (tds) (tdw ) ambatwa. ambatisha; (tdw kiambato nm .
wow! abwe! pia ebo! ki wow!
abyadhi 1*
kv white: Shati white: Shati ~ a white shirt. (Kar)
ambatana kt [sie ] cohere, stick together. (tde (tde ) ambatania; (tdk (tdk ) (tds ) ambatanisha. ambatanika ; (tds
[i- ] playing card or abyadhi 2* nm [i- dice which has no number on it. (Kar) 1 quit/stop doing sth, ach.a1 kt 1 recant, desist: ~ ulevi quit/stop quit/stop drinking; ~ kazi quit quit job; ~ kukohoa stop coughing. 2 leave behind: Wasafiri wame~ mizigo yao nyuma passengers left their luggage behind. 3 abandon, discontinue, neglect, chuck in, come away, discard, desert: Watu wame~ mashamba yao people people have neglected their farms; Kuku farms; Kuku ame~ watoto wake the the hen has deserted her chicks; ~na naye leave leave him/her alone. 4 abdicate. 5 acquit, release, pardon: ~ pardon: ~ mfungwa huru pardon pardon a prisoner; ~ mshtakiwa huru acquit acquit a defendant. 6 allow, let, permit, forgo, give leave: ~ leave: ~ apite allow him/her to pass; ~ pass; ~ apumzike let him/her rest. 7 separate from, divorce: Amemw~ mkewe he he has divorced his wife. 8 leave sth somewhere: ~ somewhere: ~ kitabu mezani leave leave a book on a table; ~ table; ~ ujumbe ofisini kwangu leave leave a message at my office; ~ office; ~ posta upande wa kushoto leave the post office on your left hand side. 9 abjure. 10 break: ~ tabia mbaya break bad habits. 11 yield. (nh) ~ mkono die. (tde) achia ; (tdk) achika ; (tdn) achana ; (tds) achisha ; (tdw) achwa . an expression of surprise acha2! ki an and happiness: ~ happiness: ~ we! good good for you! [ele ] 1 open the mouth acham.a kt [ele wide. 2 gape. (tde (tde ) achamia, (tden (tden ) (tdk ) achamika ; (tds (tds ) achamiana ; (tdk ;(tdw ) achamwa. achamisha;(tdw
ambatani nm [i-/zi- ] compound, concomitant. [ele ] 1 (sarufi) bind, ambatish.a kt [ele subjoin. 2 attach: ~ risiti ~ risiti zako attach attach your receipts. (tde (tde ) amfetamini ambatishia; (tdk ) ambatishika; (tdn ) ambatishana ; (tdw (tdw ) ambatishwa. kiambatisho nm . [ele ] tell sb sth. 2 bid: ambi.a kt [ele Fanya unavyoambiwa do do as you are bidden.(tde bidden.(tde ) ambilia; (tdk ) ambika; (tdn ) ambiana; (tdw ) ambiwa. [ele ] 1 make a fish trap ambik.a1 kt [ele by using reeds or nets. 2 put a bait on a fishing line. 3 soak in water. (tde) ambikia, (tden ) ambikiana; (tdk ) ambikika ; (tdn (tdn ) ambikana ; (tds) ambikisha; (tdw) ambikwa. [ele ] meddle into other ambik.a2 kt [ele people's affairs. (nh ) Kaji~ ushehe asiokuwa nao he he pretends to be what he is not. (tde) ambikia, (tden) (tdn ) ambikiana; (tdk) ambikika; (tdn ambikana ; (tds) ambikisha; (tdw) ambikwa.
ambilik.a kt [sie ] be advisable. [ele ] 1 (sarufi) affix : ~ ambish.a kt [ele mwisho suffix. suffix. 2 put a boat alongside another. (tde) ambishia , (tden ) ambishiana ; (tdk) ambishika; (tdw) ambishwa . [sie ] confer (with sb) ambizan.a kt [sie (on/ about sth). nm ma- [li-/ya- [li-/ya- ] gum, glue, ambo1 nm ma- any sticky substance. [li-/ya- ] contagious ambo2 nm ma- [li-/ya-
[sie ] 1 separate, divorce. achan.a kt [sie 2 differ. (tde (tde ) achania ; (tdk (tdk ) (tds ) achanisha. achanika ; (tds [ele ] disengage (from), achanish.a kt [ele uncouple, unlock. (tde (tde ) achanishia; (tdk ) achanishika; (tdn (tdn ) (tdw ) achanishwa . achanishana ; (tdw
achano nm [i-/zi- ] (hesabu) variant. [i- ] chutney. (Khi) achari * nm [i- an expression of wishing ache! ki an sb happiness and prosperity especially during wedding, initiation rites etc. (ms) ~ wana good luck. [ele ] 1 bequeath, cave in, achi.a kt [ele concede, leave, slip. 2 release from: ~ huru manumit. manumit. (tde (tde ) achilia; (tdk (tdk ) (tdn ) achiana; (tds (tds ) achika; (tdn (tdw ) achiwa. achisha; (tdw [sie ] be divorced.(tde divorced.(tde ) achik.a kt [sie ;(tdk )achikika;(tds ;(tds ) achikia;(tdk achikisha. [ele ] acquit, discharge, achili.a kt [ele excuse from, exempt. (tde (tde ) achililia; (tdk ) achilika; (tdn (tdn ) achiliana; (tds (tds ) ;(tdw ) achiliwa. achilisha;(tdw [ele ] stop sb from doing achish.a kt [ele sth: ~ sth: ~ ziwa wean wean a child; ~ kazi terminate sb from employment.(tde) (tdk ) achishika; (tdn (tdn ) achishia; (tdk (tdw ) achishwa. achishana ; (tdw [sie ] be divorced. achw.a kt [sie [i-/zi- ] 1 fee; school fees, ada* nm [i-/zi- impost, levy, wharfage. 2 customary present or fee, rite given to certain people for their service in certain
disease. [i-/zi- ] ambrosia. (Kng) ambrosi* nm [i-/zi- [ele ] peel off, shed, ambu.a kt [ele decorticate; slough off: ~ gome peel peel off the bark; ~ ngozi shed shed skin. 2 profit from something: Safari hii haku~ kitu he he didn't profit this time. (tde) ambulia; (tdk) ambuka; (tdn) (tds ) ambusha; (tdw) ambuana; (tds ambuliwa. [ele ] 1 infect: Ugonjwa ambukiz.a kt [ele wa ku~ infectious ku~ infectious disease. 2 affect sb's behaviour. (tde) ambukizia; (tdk) ambukizika ; (tdn) ambukizana ; (tdw) ambukizwa. ambukizo nm . [i-/zi -] -] soft silk. amdelahane nm [i-/zi [i-/zi- ] ammeter. (Kng) ameta* nm [i-/zi- [i-/zi- ] amphetamine. amfetamini * [i-/zi- (Kng) [i-/zi- ] amphibia. (Kla) amfibia* nm [i-/zi- [a-/wa- ] paternal ami pia amu nm [a-/wa- uncle. (Kar) [ele ] chase away, drive off ami.a* kt [ele (birds, pests from a farm). (tde) amilia; (tdk) amika; (tdn) amiana; (tds) amisha; (tdw) amiwa. (Kar) [a-/wa- ] amoeba. (Kla) amiba* nm [a-/wa- [ele ] 1 make decision, amid.i kt [ele decide. 2 depend on. (tde) amidia, (tden )amidiana ,(tdew ,(tdew ) amidiwa;(tdk) amidika; (tds) amidisha. [i-/zi -] -] amice. (Kla) amikto nm [i-/zi
