Guía N° 2 Salud y Drogas 6° Básico

Colegio San Sebastián de Colina Departamento de Ciencias Jorge González C. 6° A - B

Guía N° 2: Higiene, Salud y Drogas 8. 9denti)ca 9denti)carr S'stancias S'stancias :er,'d :er,'diciale iciales s para el ser ser 'mano. 'mano. ;. ane,a ane,arr in5ormac in5ormaci2n i2n rele/ rele/ant ante. e. NOB!"#$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ %"C&A# $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 1.

Identifca. De la sig'iente lista de acciones( identi)ca el error *'e se debe corregir( para *'e re+e,en ábitos de igiene  /ida sal'dable.

a 0a/arse 0a/arse los dientes dientes solo desp'1s desp'1s de tomar tomar desa'no desa'no.. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ b 0a/arse 0a/arse el cabello cabello 'na /ez /ez por semana. semana. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ c irar tele/isi2n 3 oras diarias d'rante la semana( semana(  4 oras oras diarias el )n de semana. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ d Apro/ecar el a'tom2/il para para ir al s'permer s'permercado( cado( a'n*'e 1ste 1ste *'ede cerca. cerca. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ e !ealizar acti/idad 5sica 37 min'tos tres /eces por semana. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$ 2. Obse Observ rve eos os

Obser/a las 5otos  responde#


<='1 /es en las imágenes> <='1 están aciendo> <:or *'1 crees *'e lo acen> !. "o#leteos

Antes de leer( completa el c'adro de anticipaci2n con t' gr'po de traba,o. <='1 sabemos acerca de las drogas>

<='1 nos g'stara saber acerca de ellas>

;. Observeos y leaos. 0ee con atenci2n el sig'iente te?to. $as Drogas: 0as drogas son todas las s'stancias nat'rales o sint1ticas *'e( introd'cidas en el organismo( alteran 5sica  s*'icamente s' 5'ncionamiento  p'eden generar en el 's'ario la necesidad de seg'ir cons'mi1ndolas.

"sto incl'e s'stancias c'a prod'cci2n  comercializaci2n es ilegal @como el 0SD( al ig'al *'e s'stancias legales de cons'mo abit'al @como el alcool o el tabaco  5ármacos de prescripci2n m1dica @tran*'ilizantes( por e,emplo( *'e p'eden ser ob,eto de 'n 'so ab'si/o. "l cons'mo es 'n 5en2meno *'e se debe a di/ersas ca'sas  en el *'e inciden 5actores personales( 5amiliares( sociales  c'lt'rales. 0as drogas p'eden clasi)carse de ac'erdo a s's e5ectos en el sistema ner/ioso central @SNC en# De#resores del SN": S'stancias *'e retardan el 5'ncionamiento del cerebro( pro/ocando reacciones *'e p'eden ir desde la inibici2n asta el coma( en 'n

Colegio San Sebastián de Colina Departamento de Ciencias Jorge González C. 6° A - B proceso progresi/o de adormecimiento cerebral. 0as drogas más importantes de este gr'po son el Alcool  los tran*'ilizantes. %stiulantes del SN": S'stancias *'e aceleran el 5'ncionamiento del cerebro( entre las *'e destacan# An5etaminas( Cocana( :asta base  en menor grado la Nicotina @cigarro( Ca5ena  ran*'ilizantes. &erturbadores del SN"# S'stancias *'e alteran el 5'ncionamiento del cerebro dando l'gar a distorsiones percepti/as  al'cinaciones. "ntre ellas# ari'ana( Al'cin2genos como el 0SD( 9nalantes  Drogas de sntesis @1?tasis. '. &ro(undiceos la lectura

!esponde las sig'ientes preg'ntas. !elee el te?to para encontrar la in5ormaci2n *'e se te pide si es necesario. a De ac'erdo con el te?to( <*'1 son las drogas> $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ b <='1 di5erencia e?iste entre el alcool  el tabaco con las otras drogas> $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ c <='1 ca'sa de tipo personal p'ede lle/ar a 'na persona a cons'mir drogas> "?plica. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ d <:or *'1 crees t *'e la drogadicci2n se relaciona con la delinc'encia> $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ . Di(erencia. "scribe ,'nto a cada a)rmaci2n la s'stancia de la lista a la *'e se re)ere. Droga ilícita Droga estiulante Droga de#resora Droga alucin)gena *lco+ol ran-uiliante /ari+uana Huo de tabaco "ocaína Droga lícita

a

Gr'po de s'stancias *'e iniben la 5'nci2n del sistema ner/ioso. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ b S'stancia *'e prod'ce 'na alteraci2n del sistema ner/ioso( pero *'e está permitida por la le. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$


c

S'stancia *'e prod'ce desinibici2n( altera el e*'ilibrio( daEa el gado  el coraz2n. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ d Gr'po de s'stancias *'e alteran la percepci2n de las emociones( del tiempo  del espacio. :'ede estim'lar o inibir el sistema ner/ioso. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ e S'stancia *'e a'menta la somnolencia( dismin'e la moti/aci2n  p'ede pro/ocar cambios en el apetito  el peso. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5 S'stancia *'e altera la memoria  dismin'e la 5ertilidad de ombres  m',eres. $$$$$$$$$ g S'stancia *'e p'ede prod'cir bron*'itis( en)sema Fo in5artos. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$  Gr'po de s'stancias *'e acti/an el sistema ner/ioso( manteniendo el estado de alerta. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ i S'stancias *'e prod'cen alteraci2n del sistema ner/ioso  *'e s' cons'mo está penado por la le. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ , S'stancia *'e prod'ce e'5oria  ansiedad p'ede pro/ocar al'cinaciones. $$$$$$$$$$$$$


Hna droga es c'al*'ier s'stancia *'e p'ede prod'cir 'na alteraci2n en el sistema ner/ioso central. Segn s's e5ectos( las drogas se clasi)can en depresoras( estim'lantes  al'cin2genas. 0. "o#leta el cuadro con los datos solicitados. i#o de droga

%stiulantes

De#resoras

*lucin)genas

%(ectos -ue #roducen

*lgunos e1e#los de ellas

Guía N° 2 Salud y Drogas 6° Básico

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