Formats for Living
Contemporary living in Amsterdam exhibits an unusual and fascmatlllg dynamIc. The collective life�tyle is changing as a result of thc economIc prosperity, the shortage of urban space, the general necd for mobility, the firmly entrenched ind!vidualism and phenomena such as working from homc anti flexlhle working. Against this turhulent background, Formats (or J.it·mg presems a concise picture of comemporary living ln Amsterdam,
,I.
with a provocatJve selection of almosr one hundred floor plans designed m the final decade of the t\ventieth century. The unIform method of drawing has resulted in a lucid collection of plans, which for all their apparenr sunplicity contain an encrypted cultural code - a format for lIving.
Contemporary floor plans in Amsterdam
Amsterdam Centre for A n.:h Itl'(.:ru rl'
1� � \�"
;
,
ARcAM POCKET
\
. .
Formats for Living Contemporary {1oorplans in Amsterdam
Cover: :iocial rented hOll,in", Vrolibtraar
Edired by Maarten Klaos and Oave Wcndt
[nl!i!1k�r, Van di:TT(lrr�, ' 9921
. I
ARCAM/Architecrura & Natura Press
i
CO:XTENTS
F.di/MS
.\·Iflurten Kloos. DJvC" Wcndr !'rodllc:/ivl!
Da,'cWcnđt
1-/oor piali drau'ings RuuJj()n!;din).;
\'(/;I/; theilHistancc o(
Kent'� Bongt'r, evdinc Keiza
J i:u1T1ah 1.'ld",i);, n;rg;t1� J� Ma",
.\-\anijnrjc van Sdl()()tcn,l)eni,(' Vroliik Trllnslat�r1 by Jane Zuyl-MO<"lr.:s Cop), ('diting
r LJ. 5.checpm:lkcr Drsigll
Typo�raphy Inlt"riority & Other Serious Matters Prinling
i)rl,lkkl'ril Rob �folk. Amstndam A RCAM,
Publisher
in conjunction with
;\ro.:hitt"(:tur.l & Natura l'cess. Amst...rdam ISBK
90 7 ' ; 70 9 9 I
First pllbli�h..J z.ooo
SCi:ond jmrrc�,ion .1.00 I
::'(Xond rc\';scd edition 20o_,
O Th", :tuthors and A R eA M, !OOO, 1003
7
/"lrod",;:li(JII,.\t1aarrcn Kloos
II
Hoor plans /ielU'en! c
.1.7
Neu' dir('("tions j/, (loor plans for Amsterdam.
-47
Sl'ieded Hoor pluns
65
Sdec:t,:d (I()(}r p/,ms 199). inuoduu:d by V�r:l Yall(w�llfChinsky
\,I�
Se/ec/ed floorpl.IIIS 1995196. imroduc�d by F�T FdJer
49 ll.
'1.J
139 16 I
1 86 196
1 \,17
t\'nud dc Vrcczc
Marinus Qu,{cnhrink
Sc/('ct/.'d floor I,/mIs '991, introd uced by Dick '"an GameTen S ele,;ted floor p/alis 1 <,194. intrnduccd ll)' Han .\Iichd
Selected flnorplans J9<,16197, introduced hy Gerard Andcricst"Tl
Selected floorp/:ms '<,I9719H, introduced by Liesbcth vali
l ,i�1 of �Icctoo floor plans
Soun;",!>
fl.ookmark
INTRODU CTION
.
i/
an infinite variety of ways in which people can is also an infinite v ariety of floor pla ns - at least 111 theory, bec ause 1Il pra ctice there i s always a lim ited number of models on \\'hich variations are made. The wishes of the dient (and sometimes the future occupant), the location, the available budget the regu lations \\'hich have to be co mpl ied with and the ideas of the architect determine which basic floor plan is used and which vari a tion on the chosen rheme. And with the occupant at the bcgin11lng and the architeet ar the end of this chain it is obviolls why the flo or plan occupies a s peC1 al place in architecture. Yet it appears that the criteria on the basis of which a dwelling is Judged to be good arc not so complex. When, at the end of T999, a new award was launched for the best housingsCheme in Amsterdam, it was stated that a Tood dwelling has :1 large t oor area, w ic 1 pro du ce s an added value with arout, as well as a gene rous storev height and a .1 goa large cxtcr ior space. In addition it should be suitahle
There is
l i ve There
�
,
7
,
)
1"I'IKODUCIIO"l
1'<"i"KODUCIION
\f
for more than one type of household and provide space
ILfor work functions.
l ) (
_the dwelling and th3t for e3ch dwelling emphasis is
the Netherlands, which in turn are a consequence of
on the annual surveys of housing schemes published
new social and economic circumstances. The Dutch
-have become more prosperolIs in recent decades; they
by
Amsterdam's
Housing
Department
(Stedelijke
also live longer, marry less and later, have fewer chil
WoningdieT1st Amsterdam).
number of single- and two-person households has in
market-sector housing has also been included. And so
changed as a result and continues to change. It is signifi-
cach represented in the hanchvriting of their respective
dren and divorce rates are higher. In particular the
Up until 1992, these sur
veys \vere limited [O social housing; since that ye3r,
creased over the last thirty years:,. th c market has
SIX volum1110LlS books with hundreds of floor plans,
cant in this tespect that we are heading for a siru ation
designers, were available at the start of the process.
\Vorld War, there wiii be no real housing need in the
select the floor plans. Three of them, namely the archi
(Ill 2003)
Six' experts 111 the field of housing were 111vired TO
111 which, for the first time since the Second
even JSeth erlands'. From that moment, the market more than is the case at present - \ViII direet its efforts to
tects Dick van Gameren of Dc Architectengroep and
Liesbeth van der Pol, as well as Han .Vlichel, director of
the property developer De Principaal, wcre at that time
meeting the reqll1rements of consumers regarding their
members of A I{C A .\OI'S advisory committee. The others
living situation.
It seemed a good idea in these circumstances to rake
a close look ar the housing production in Amsterdam in
l
�
p.Jaced on irs specific spatial an organizational prin es. .-f!cl � 'the selection of floor plans presented herc lS based
.
These criteria tie in with IIlnovarions in dwe1ling in
recent years, especially ar the organization of the indi
vidual dweiiing. The form of a floor plan is of course,
certainlv in the city, often imposed by the context, and
"":0 0f!�may say that the..sig nificance of 3 floor plan can
not rea!!v bc ex plained withQut looking at that context.
ln afinost all the publications on the subject, attention
is therefore righr!y given to the setting in which the j1uh lici;.-.ed dwellings arc situated. In this book, by contrast, 3U of the floorplans have been isolated and 111 each case
the image answers the question as to what exacdy the
individual occupant has when hc or she is at home. This
ITlcans that the focus of the discussion is the interior of
!
are external experts: Ger3rd Anderiesen, director of
the Amstcrdamse Federaric van Woningcorporaties (a
federation of housing corporations), architect Vera
Yanovshtchinsky and Fer Felder, at the time of this pro
ject employed by the housing corporation Het Oosten.
rf
They were each 3sked to choose a ) )roximatel fifteen
..ilQor plans from one of the yearbooks and then explain
their chOice 111
be noted that Vera Yanovshtchinsky in particular halL
serious reservations about the fact rhat the context of the dwellings was
1;;;( taken into consideration. Finally,
the six experts were 3sked to select three projects from
the 1998/99 yearbook in order to give a state of play at the start of the year
2000.
9
}J
INTRODUCTION
A II of the tloO[ plans 1II this book arc draW11 to 3 scale of
.1:200 and so they can easily he comp3red. Together
with Dick van Gameren, Han Michel, Liesbeth van der
Pol and Rumi .Jongeling, a cle;n and international
method of drawing was chosen, and Rumi Jongeling then drew all of the floor plans as agreed. In the inrro
FLoon PLANS
ductions by Noud dc Vreeze, director of Stichting
BETWEEN CONVEl\""TTO�
\Velstandszorg Noord-Holland, and Marinus Oosren
A N D INNOVATION
hrink of Amsterdam's Housing Department, attention
;;Tt
is focused respectively on the development he floor plan in �leral and a better understanding of the COll ce t of the city, of \cyhicb in Ihe final analysis all floor lans arc art.
Because the floor plans ill this book have heen
arranged by year and are in the order in which they
appear ln the Housing Department's annual surveys,
the visual account is a reflection of the developmenr
over the last seven years. If the impression is given that the floor
lans have become more com )lex, more
,advenrurous and more baroq.u.q, hur t lat, at the sam5:.. time. d\vel1ings are stil! being buih with extreme1y ' simple floor plans, this could point to dltferences or opinion within trle group of experts, ami also to the
growing contrasts in the housing production. The_ _
essence of the social relevance, however, alwa 's lies in
thc floor plans themse ves. Each floor plan is a co lcction of guidelines, bur a good floor
lan
i
ives the OCCU )
ortunit 'to
ecl free and is (hus the representation of a paradox
format for freedom.
J
MA ARTEN KLOOS
a
Publications about floor plans occup>, an Imponanr
(
place in the history of architecture and housing. Cha
cs in thc dcmography of household s are reflected
in floor plans, an
\'
t lev arc t e result o fundarnenta
�onceptions about lifesryles ;1Ild cohabitation. For architects and c1icnrs, thc floor plan is a special design
aspect in which practice, conventions and prevailing
social conceptions compete with the striving for mod
ernizat10n and ml1ovat'ion, for adaptation to new
-socio-cu1rural conditions anJindividual architectural and socia-cultural aspirations. ln the Durch housing
--rradlt1on, the government has always concerned itself
with the floor plan, via strict and often detailed norms for subsidized housing and via initiatives for research
and development, in which government agenC1es ser different socia I priotities in different periods.
.lQuality�There is now a whole set of concepts and
notions
\vir which the quality of floor plans can be
[
�LOOII.
H.OOR PI.AI\S
described. Thus.l a loor
optimurl1 possibilities as regards layOut and LIse for dwellings with ;] limited floor area by inc luding achievements from the past in the design and produc
lan mUSt bc a taut lucid com·
_position of wal ls ;'Ind rooms.,Wide dwellings are usua -
:"wowsJ!!usr ill:functional an� dwcllin s musthave ad
Ir rated ahave narrow ones. The rel ationships between
l
tion processes for new dwellings. Moreover, govern
mem interventiom. in the realization of housing were alwa)'s premised on the view tha r the free market would not automatically produce a correct differentia tion according to dwclling types and price ranges The extent of the government's infl uence on floor plan features in some peri ods in the past is :lImost in cOl1ccivablc today. Not only was thc siLe of the various rooms and the narure of the technical facili ties pre· sctihed, the p lans were also examined W loec whether a dwellingcould be fitted out amI used in a practical and functio nal way. This government control could in
cquate space: small room dimensions are rate below large room d ime mionli.. Thc pasiti o n i n of windows and doors must bc s uch that there aregoodpossi!'i iries ..and seE for the layout of the usual domestic functions arate standards c n be Ser for thc various rooms in -dw.Cllins, such as bathrooms , storage space, bedroolTIs and living areas - r instance with re 'ard to minimum .width and floor arca. A floor plan must not pro lice
\\
:-
•
:1
.
a ,"
unnecessary obstacles Ja r wheelchair llsers and the
l) f\ .. gr li
�h
f � ty walking. And
elderly who ha ve d i f
dc
finally,
ce of flcxibility is valucd highly: a dwe suitab lefor diffe rent modes oflivin 'ai1a it m ll stbc
us-
si ) e to ada t dwe llin 's to chan ,in needs over time. l
All of these concepts feature in the many andbooks
and guidelines which have been devised in order tO
saf eguard the qU::lliry of floor pl:U1S in accordance with prevailing conceptions a d CO ma ke this quality less
n
dependent on the all too individ u::l 1 preferences of designers In partic ular in the sector of inexpensive and thus compact dwe llings in a complex urban conrext, designers often have tO perform a iuggling act; thi s calls for c on siderabl e skill and experience. The smaller the dweIling as a consequence of the aim of holding
.
down rents and building costs, the more attention the
designer m ust pay tO the dimensions of rooms and thc positioning of doors and windows. Many detailed
norms from the past regarding the dimensions and
com pmition of rooms were thus aimed at guaranteeing
PI.AN"
h
e "
.
effect always depend on a broad base of support because on the one hand, many people were of thc opinion that architects lacked the know·how to pro dLU.-e a sound housing desilln and, on the other hand, the apparatus of government was flexible enough to bc a ble to integrate swiftly [he la [est ideas and techniques policy and so give a pl ace to new priorit es . � ,
/
i
ima
Examples Knowle dge abour floor pb ns devel0plo priman y t rough the publication of examples; that is ( he case today and ir was a lways the case in the pa st. �od c x amples have alwa's had a sti ll ula ting effect, [ shall pass in revie w several publications a out ous ing desig n in the rwentieth century, starting with the book on workers' dwellings in the Netherlands by Van Hasseh and Verschoor, which was publilohcd in [890 by lhe Maatschappij (O(:\fur van 't Algcmeen.
1
,J
FLUOt< 1'1
A:<�
FI.OOR PL\N�
Thi� book com a ins a fascimuing collection of com
\
plexes of workers' dwellings built in that period. The
building initiative for t hese complexes was taken by
..,!.lon-profil organizations!coopera tive institutions and
•.•This was a new and promising savings fun(h
Iype oL
cli ent, which could per haps guarantee better qu ality
,
and hen er operation and management than [hc com
mercial clienrs with their srand;ud hOllsing .,Th e collec
oo
tion certainly became an argument in the pica for a
housing act, which would make it possible to f in ance
and subsidize housing corporations as a basis for good
and affordable dwellings for low-inwmc households,
(r 90 I), local authorities central government became key players in th c
As a result of rhe HOl1sing Act
and
debate about hou sing qua l ity.
Thc book by Van l- I;lssel r and Verschoor shows that in the nineteenr h centuryone-room dwelli ngs were stil l common, After thc First World War, such dwellings -were proh i bited via nlllllicipal building regulations and central govl'rnmcnt subsidy conditions, because they were deemed un desirabls. Oil moral and hygienic
grounds . Ir i s 3lmost inconceivable today, but in
•
r9 r9
the Illini:.tcr re:.ponsible for th e implementation of the
Housing Act wrme a letter ro :llIlo<:al a uthorities ask
ing them to b uild only dwell ings with:lt least three bed
�
�
• '" ,
'" "
�
�
,
rooms {onc for p:Hcnts oneforbo s andone for ·irls ,
•
!
This was consi e r ed ro be a legitimate political inter
•
vention on moral grounds, and in a situation in which
even 1:1rgc families were living in small dwellings with bed recesses, it was of course highly d esirable.
On�·,oom dw.llmgs m AmSl••d,m rl �761
15
• •
:;
FtOOK I'LA".s
FLOOK 1'1 AN�
Another well-known pub l ication, which many archi
consequence it also became an argument in the piea
the book Arbeiderswollinf:eIl ill Nederlalld on Dutch
is that after 1922 there was a drastic reduction in the
tects dep1uyed in the debate about housing quality, is
that curbacks could be made. \X7hat many do not know fi nanci ng and subsidizing of housing . F rom the second
workers' d\vellings, published in 1921 byH.P. Berlage...
half of the t\vcntics there was a prol onged slump i n
the,urbanistic significance of housing in large coherent
porations and in local city development policy. The
l
�ocial housing, i n the management o f hOLlsing cor
atory note the authors p aced particular emphasis on .
!
\
A. Keppkr, W. Kromhout and j. Wils. In their e x plan
complexes and they.-fQresaw the need for a greater
clIphoria of the Amsterdam School and the enthusiasm
down production costs and to bc able to maintain hi h
:ln:.:hitects had embraced the garden city concept carne
the Housing Act: a fe\v dozen splendid garden villages
[Ccts went 111 search of radical means of making house
degree o f industrial standardization in order to keep
�� ty. The book gn'es an i
'
with which many new housing corporations and young
[o an end. And so a climate developed in which archi
ea of the initial results of
and social housing compl exes in more compact urban
building more efficient in order to reduce building
plot layours, all with picturesque architecture in a care
\ I\leu) solutions ). ln the
costs.
fully designed urbanistic context. Keppier proud ly
writes that 'urbanists come from all over lhe world to
look at the products of om young architects '. By now, �
all dwellin �s had a separate s ace for the kitchen
a most all dwe 111 's lad three bedrooms and there was
often a second living room. Within the space o a few
years the ' programme' ofthe middle-class dwelllng had
thircies, the Inte rn ational
Srylt' and the studies by international congresses of the Nieuwe Bouwen in the Netherlands kept the idea alive
-
[hat housi ngj s a socio cultural task for which nc w so l utions had to be devised:...T he evidence for this can
hc fOllnd i n several leading Dutch building journals of
also become the norm for accommodation for lo\\,
lhc period. Study and research were to focus on large
had become a mani fest political problem. Within a
()f new production technology, which-\vuuld make it
income households. However, the other side of the coin
short space of time, central government supporr for hous11lg prOjects in the social rental sector had risen
dramatically and many people were of the opinion that <1
far more restrained policy on financial support for
�\'::l1e c itv dev�opment processes a-n d the development
P( l'sibk to const
-
uct ood and inex ensive hous i n .
le conrroversiai publication
Coedkoope m·bct dl'fSIV(millgell at the occaSlOn of the competition for Il in pcnsive workers' dwell ings in T93 (j reflects the cli-
housing for the \vorking class was urgently needed .
1l1.11C of the penod, and the Ideas presented in lt con
examples of what had been achieved in the first two
[Ile (Oll ) pcririoTl was edited by W. van TiJ en, B. Merkel
The book by B erlage
et al. contai ns some superb
decades after the passing of the Housi ng Act, bur as a
[11\11Cd tO have an impact lon g after 1945. The report of h.lch, M. Stam andJ.B. van Loghem. The design themes
FLOOR PLANS
Pl.OOK
addressed by the designers have become representative
of modern residenrial architecture of the period after the Second World War.
V�tually all of th e designs are based on a few prin appeared to be a consensus. They all have a se rial organization in sim e strai ht and identical blocks in open ayou�. The dwellings are identical; different types were kept to a minimum by ciples on which there
�
nor building specific corner dwellings or gateways.
This scheme was desi ned to enable housin J to be con struere according to the rules of industrial mass roduetion. Further an em unc distinction was rna e .
\'lA "'-'
)
-
een the loadbcarin' struc[Ure of divid· 1
\va s
and floors on t 1e one ha� , and no n bearing fa,;;ades on the other. And finalIv was the principle of the flex ible layou l A form of sp atiality and i n dividuality waL propagated which was to remain at the centre of the debate on housin' uality for man' ea s. Flexibilitv e conce ts in e mod and adaptabilitx,.became t -;;-rnization of the floor pial"!:, The dwelling was no longer �
__
..:-
J
to be a coercive scheme for a predetermined mode of
living; from nm\, on the focus was to be on i ndividual:
�,Jillfability and adaptabiliry to the llnp.u:dicrahJc, changing preferences and needs of individual hOl\se iLglds.
ln the th irties , of course, few of these obj ectives were
realized, but immediatel y after the Second World War the aims of the international Modern Movemenr were
deployed for a universally ack nowledgcd social and
political priority: the solution o f the enorll1ous housing
\"i'",hr", dw�lli!lg hy :,,1.l.ud'.w1Hp'·ririu]l entry I, � ,61
,R
19
I'I.AN\
�I
OOI{ 1'1
1'1.00K I'LA.'lS
A'lJS
sh()rr�ge_ ivlass prodm:tioll �nd indusrrialization were
Ir becausl' the principles of these dwdling designs werc
thc guidingprinciples in housing,policy upumil thc I�c
.11,,0 used in the popubr and highly influenrial Voor�
schriften en \Vel/kell voor de bOl/l/! VO/I IVollingell met
_
sixries. tn that period, the publications hy thc Rouw
N ijksstelll/ (R ules a nd Suggestions for the construcrion (If dwellings with (;overnment support).
cenrrlllll on the modernization of production methods ill house-building scr the toll(.'
in thc rask of solving the housing problem. Voorbeeld
�
plmwclI eli Keuzeplal11lell
(Exemplary Plans and
Selected Plans), published by the BouwcenrrulTI in the
sixties. was a highly pr:lctical :lnd influential series. Ir
ser��c model for the cOuntless -doorzon' dwcl!:
�idwcllings witha through room for uOlnt�rru )led $Ilerr:uion of sunlighr), porch-:lccess dwellmgs and . gallery flats but1t benveen 19 o and '970. These three
(WC Ing t):pes were gradually per eere
in studies and
publications by the Bouwcentr1l111 in the fifties and
sixties, and together they form :15 it were thc basis for
the typological development of social housingjn the �etherlands in the twenrieth century.
The publications a out these dwclling types wer/,
based Oil studies and research carried out under the
Urball re1lewal
.
From T970 onwards, the picntre
I� 1110re comp ex and more difficult to SLllTIlll:lrizc. In
!ht: initi:ll moves towards urban renewal, aher 1974,
:.with uture resI'
\1\
lot the first time housi., J desi'n fearmed in diSClIssions e/Hs.
Fur special groups o 1OIlle-seek-
cr�, such as the elderly, single people, students and C0111-
IllLInes, variolIS new t
oto ·ica! models were created
�ousiJ1gone or twOpersons) - w lic 1 � therthin's inrhc formo
- alllon
so-ca
C(
III\Tllnirs
or
v;1rying
of thc housing production. Slowly but sUfcly, central !40ycrnment abandoned a host of detailed norms for
floor plans and in their place guidelines. which werc
"011lctllnes very specific, sometimes veq' general. were
.I)!.reed among the ke)' pbyers in the field ar a lucal 1cvcl:
housing sector at that time rook part. This included
v.lte developers.
architects, representatives of construction companies,
l1 l unicipal
servantS from the ministry. The floor plan became a
I11l1nicipal departments, housing corporations and pri
ln this process of diversification and deregulation
IItere werc, though, moments when central govern
Il\l·tll gave the parties at a local level a finu push in rhe
sophisticared system of dimensionsJ construction and technical facilities, in which :l11 of the then current
dlrcction it (ke1ncd desirable. IncreasIngi)" however,
por'lIed. There arc prohahly few municipaliries in the
hOIl�il1g which was operatiYe between 196H ,md 1'97H
�nktngbased on research and assessment was incor
Netherlands with no dwellings derived from the floor
pia 11S in the Voorbeeldplml1lell eli KellZeplallllen, ma in20
tl
kl1).:ths of time accoullted for a sigJ1lficanr proportion
supervision of (he Bouwccnrrum, in which all of the
influenri:ll individuals :lnd institutions in the public
[\1
t hi" involved a
strateg}' of inducement rather than rigid
Iq.;lllarions. Thus the
W.I" .1
rO'Tammc for ex crimenral
serious altempt hy the Minister ofHousing,
W.I·. �..:hur, tO integrate new themcs in thc hOlIsing
d
!'LUUIt I'L,\N�
fLOOR I'LA:-;�
production, not by bying down norms and imposing regulations our by r.:hallcngi ngdcsigncrs and clienrs to expcri m c n t with new idcasi. for example, with regar4 . . _;O flc x ih i :lI\d adaptability of [he dwellin& mix of ... fU l lc t ion s in t he immediate vir.:iniry of housing, the invol\'�of future occupanrs and dwelli ng trpes for
o
change i n pol icy was of course opportlme. TypoJogical standard formular.: f or hOlIsing design and plot layom [ypology ar c nOt real ly suitable for building i n the exist ing city, characrerized as ir is by a IllLllriplicity of plots
000
,
!!!y
..
r=)
EJ
non-traditional hOlIscholds. ' ln view ofthc ('normous rask of urban renewal, this
and social "nd pro<:cdural circumstances. Fr o m [975 onwards, :ln evcr larger proportion of th e annual hous ing p rod ucti on ended lip on sites witl1nl e x i sti n g urhan s
[J
O
o
C=J o I
Pfl1 �: ,-_J
I, r
,
r::t
,
'Om,-
o O
I
,
tructures and as ;l resu lt the design task in hOllsing was now more varied (han ever before. Ar the S;lme rim e, (he perce tion that hOllscho ld s arc ver' d ifferent have dif erent pre efences and needs and develop i ferently gained wide currency. Consequently, roo m shoulJbc gi v en rodiversity in hOlIsingproduction and ro ossibilities of livin in dwellin 's i n different ways or eyen o ada tin� them tO c lan ing preferences. g reat d eal has been wrinen and is still bein g writ ten ��hom these developments, and so wi t h regard to recent decades, roo, many publications, which have probabl�' influenced the work of arc hitects can bc mentioned ; for example, the ann ual survey Architec ture ill tIJe NetherlmIds published hy the Netherlands Architecture Institute, the Europan competitions, t hc
o O
[J
..
lhrO"l,(h d",'"",�· h, �i.l_ ""iJ-I\. "inten" , Europan } [, 9941 2' ,
I
-+
I
FLOOR
1'1 A N !'>
I' L A � S
fLOOR
i f trpological tailor-made schemcs arc produced per
publit'Mions a bout e"per i rnemal residentiai estatt:s for
the � \V n-nOllW-RAI in Almere and the studious hous
location. Ih I S is, in Ill)' view, t�laitl reason for the
i ng market surveys by dcp:1ftTllCIltS of the city of Amsterdam. And perhaps the countiess publications ahoUT recem h ousing designs in other countries should be ;tddcd tO the list. ,\1 ore thall ever before, dCt:1i1cd
div ersity of dwclling types and floor plan organization
p resented i n thISbook.
-
Tradition · \nyone who visll a l i zes the floor plans in oo as a tbrce-dimensional dweJJing and then rcalizes what the building form of which they ,1re part is
infof!lution is availa ble, via magazines and in-depth
t hI S
studies, about architectural high poims and develop
like and where this h u ild i ng form i s situated in Ihe city,
ments in modes of living elsewhere i n the world, in
wh ich designers in the Nerlll,·rlands tnke:l keen lllterest.
will see a dizzying diversity of ambiences and qualities.
And the modern hOlIsing consumer, too, is well sup
The dwellings being huilt in Amsterdam lOda}' are as
programmes ahout l i festylcs and via the popu1ar maga zines on sale in the local rlCWs�lgenr's and the Sl1pef m:Hkel. The amOLlnt of in for mat i on about the seduc tions of living i n Tuscan sty l c. in i'v1c"ican coloUTs or in a Proven,a 1 ambience is indeed ()verwhelming. \'I?ith Ihe remova l of the rigid control frameworks
t hc
plied with information via the almust daily television
for housing t)'pology and floor-plan features, the imponance of puh lications oll floor plans has increased
st il l further. ln rhe pasI, floor plans werc published with
thc aim of disseminating knowledge, but it was also thc
inrcntion to poim the war forward) tO draw attention
to
a
trend, to establish
,l
norIll for qua1iwtive am6i
Tions. Jn The fifries and sixties, the
poli rical objective of
'large quaTHities' in housing production had yeT to be
stnu.:tured in coercive norms :llld e"amples for 'a lot
of thc same'. It was assumed that a rational building production necessitated such standardization. How
ever, modern building technology in fact allows
�.
infinitc variation, and designing within a given urban
-1>rructuTe ofbu il ding lin;s and plot� is only po ssi ble
'4
diversc as rhe 'through-room' dwellings of the si xt ies, gallery flars and porch-access a parrme nts were uni
y
form. 'A lot of thc same' has made wav ' for an infinire
\ ��
v a riet of fo rms and nmbiences. - Even more srriking rhan this diversit " however,
I
I� th e affirmation of an o
Amsterdam tradition: r ere
I� scant room i n this cit , for the t
graun
aceesse
tcrrnce
Dutch dweIling, the single- a mil )' ieaU
- dwelling, whichhasbeen so successful everrwherc else.
O )
I I I Amsterdam, \�YC mainly housing blocks with
- high and low, long and short. brge and a l i, deep and shnl low, round ' ld stTn i ·ht ho u s i ng hlocks. (' swc e a partment with a wide V;lfiety of. � l1 cction s . access systems and floor lans: rjlnt is th�
,lparrments
�
n
n�o.:ncc
()
mstcr nm s
ousmg traditioq_ And the
11otion that a dwcllin comprises a !ivin room several
hl'drooms. a kitchen,.a ha , a )arhroo!lJ and storage
':.p:u,:e is evidcnrlyfirmlv embedded i n this tradition. For _lli Ihe diversity there is also, thus, a lot of the same; l k-.lrl\' t here is nor much discussion ahout what dwcll111� i which rooms are essential and how these rooms
<
_
-
25
.,
J
F L O O R PLANS
�hould he organized in relation to each other in a floor
..J2.13n
. •
Today, designers can take their own predilections
and references as a starting-point when designing hous
ing, unhindered by the strict regulatory norms and pre
scribed typology schemes of the past. In consultation
. •
with dients they can present their arguments in support of
the floor
plans they
propose,
and
the
N EW O I RECTlO:-JS I N l'LOOR I' L A N S
F O il. A ,vl S T E R D A M
type
V
of household the dwelling is intended for is less and
less relevant, as long as the design bas a sort of broad
appeal. At the present moment in Amstcrdam's housing
production this results in a great diversity of building
forms in many different locations, \vith many different
Housing in Amsterdam has always been unique, partly
floor-plan 1ayouts and ambiences. However, the tradI
because of the active role played by the government.
tional programme of different types of rooms, room
sizes and functions is stili discernible. It would appear
And it is srill tempring to summarize the caplta!'s hous
ing production in one s\veeping statement as the result
that [he greater design freedom, which is undeniably
of political policy resolutions. Against the background
the result of deregulation in public housing policy dur
of a long public housing tradition, Amsterdam's views
ing recent decndes, is nor or only marginally impacting
with regard to the blanket term 'housingguality' were
on the modernization of the traditional structure of
laid down in .1- 9 9 5 in formal guidelines (the so-called
rooms and the households and functions assumed
to
go with it. ThiS standard structure is evidently still
adcquate and desirable on a large scale, because only a few general rules, regarding accessibility for the eiderl}'
and the disabled and possibilities for fitting out the dweliing, still apply to the composition of the floor
plan, bur even these are no longer very specific or
detailed. When designing floor plans, designers and di
ents are increasingly able to determine their own posi tion between convention and innovation. N O U O O F V R F E 7. E
\
,
(
l�iciJlfiil1efl
KlValiteit
\'(1o lllngbulfw
Amsterdam)"
' l "hese are still essen[ia lly based on a Vision of the func tional floor plan and the concomitant need to steer
C ost-qUality ratios. Furthermore, in fhe definition of -qllrditv em hasis is laced on flexibilit , and ada ta �il �11 order to
e able to provide adequate hOllsing tor
.various target groups and to meet the changing needs of IH )lIscholds. Other issues ofconcerninclude the afford
ahilii)' of new social rental dwellings, the promotion of 1 .lr�ct-group-oriented architectural and environmental
t j 11;11 i ties, a nd the prevention of segregation. '7
rl
\\
)
N I W O I R (CTIOKS
N E W l l I R E C T I O S <;
If we look at the diversity o f hOlIsing �chemes submir� ted in Amsterdam over the past ten }'ears, however, it i s clear thar i t is an oversimplification to assert that the housing production is the result of municipal policy
fronlS and periphcral zones are being developed and urban recycling and compaction are [aking pbce. Thi" multiplicity of huilding operations is giving shape to a wide variety of living environmeTlts, each of which. with its plll� points and drawbacks, has an impact on the quality of life. Traditional urban renewal in thc nine[ccnth-ccmury ring wirh irs high housing density benefits from the proxllniry of high-quality facilities, but is often <;ril l encumbcred by the limited quality of the puhlic space and the imbalance i n the compo�itiOIl of the population. However, because more and more dwellings arc being builr in the inexpensive and middle segment of thc owner-occupicd market, th is sitll:1tion is gradually changing. Contcmporary urban renewal, in parricular in the Bijlmcnneer in Arnsrt'rclarn-Zuidoost,
decisions alone. The qualit}, of Amsrerdam's housing i s also dependent on a complex o f influences which,
because of its inrricacy. eludes municipal control. The quality of a dwelling is conne..::red with the qualir y of _ the living environment and of the public space in the
1nullediare neighbourhood. Accesslbl!lty, parking tacil - . .!.Ucs and all manner of amenities, not forgetting employment opportunities in city di strict, city region and the Randstad, all determine the verdict of con sumers regarding the qualit)' oflife on offer. This means that the housingproduction must constanrly respond to a com [ex context of variable factors. Together these actors point a ca( to L1r lan iving in the future, and so the quality comours for the twenty-first century arc already taking �hape in the currenr hall sing production and the preparations for it. New 3ccents arc visible in recent developments and studies in the field of in tensive use of space, optimiz3tion of land use and living i n Iloise-ridden areas. Furthermore, the individual demand for floor space and spatiality withjn the dwelI ing lsgrowin$ and there is an increasing emphasis on architectural quality in combination with the cultiva tion of fhe public realm as a collective value. Livillg ellvirnl/mellts Amsterdam's urbanistic eve opmcnt ovcr recent decades shows an assortment of grands ensembles. l n addition, traditional and con temporary urban renewal is being carried out, water-
has a very di fferent character. Here, parciaI dcmolitioll ,lIld new-build are resulting in a resolute transforTna lion of the one-sided living environment and a new and compact model of che 'radiant garden city'. There arc fe\V comparable situations in other European cities
where spacial and social renewal is resulting in such a drastic transformation as here. The redevelopment of bOlh infrastructure and blocks of flats in the Bijlmermeer is quite unique, certainly in combination with the striving for forms of social renewal and new employment.
ln the former docklands arca Oostclijk Havcn* gcbied, a catalogue of living environments and dwelI
ing programmes is becoming visible. The development K N <; I\\-eiland is almost a classICal composition in which the urban volumes arc arranged as :1utonomou� <,culptural objects along a monumental cemral axis.
(Ill
'9
NEW
The devciopmcnt on Java-ciland, however,
is
D I R[r:Tl O N �
charac
terized hy a hiemrchy of fa�ade fronrages, canal houses and inner gardens, with emphasis on differentiatioll according to dwcl1ing programme, dwclling type and architecture in sll1al1 units. On the islands I�orneo and Sporenburg this series of living environment differenti atioIl has been taken a step further. Here, the 'sea of houses' consists of a closciy-woven carpet of individual
low-risc and as such represents an extreme form of sus
tainable high-density urhan development, with streets and a l l c)'ways of waTer and Stone. Suburban living in
the ciry is represented primarily b r extensive residentia I
areas like Niellw Slmen and De Aker: large, continuous low-risc areaS, aniculated by medi u m- n sc and high rise in co nce nrr�Hed units. Rcd c vcl opment areas within thc eXisting city form a special c:ltegorr. For eX:lI11ple, the G W I. site (a former site for drinking-water distrihution which has been given ..l resi den ri a l function) has beeTl devel oped as an urban enclave with its own characteristics and ground
based dwelling types anu is related to a p:lrriclliar interpretation of susrainable urbanity: a high housing
density with a grcen character. The Oos[Oever hOlIsing
project, 011 the sire of a former sewage treatment plant,
is similar in a way: a combination of low-rise and
sracked dcvclopmcl1f o n tht, shores of SImerplas. There are, thus, many types of living environment, combined
with as many dwelling types and b uilding
types. This
qualitari vc di fferentiation ar various lcvels of scale is of great impo rtan ce. 0"" ·1I111!.t' <>,, X \. ' .\1 ,·,1.",,1 ll)' 1 1.,", K"lIh"fi and Chmtian Rapp
JO
I , �Y� I 3'
\
l
l
Kl1W D I Rr.C: T I O N �
N E W D I HI:C: T I O N S
" [urban dwelli1lgs;}x ma io ...-
-
r
reason for the changes in
Amsterdam'5 hOli sing production within each of (hc
.
wl rh of rhe dwellings, :l Jl of these desi gn variables for
the economic hcarrland of the Ncthcrbnds, the Rand·
d I I i ons of rhe chosen parking sol uri on. The parking � l I ll l ti oll S 011 th e isla nds Homeo :l nd Sporell burg a rc less
stad is also a Europe;1I1 urban region with a concentra
tion of employment, transpOrt and services. Central
government is proposing �ln 'offensive spatial strategy' for [hc R:mdsrad, with, alllong other things, new high
�l
d
of the housil1� blocks on the north qua y. Thc
I 1 1�cd position, the dimension ing of the carcass and the
Cl1 vironmenrs described above lies ;n thc position of
Amsterdam as part of the R n ndsrad. As well as being
qualit, residc-mial and , nmercial Cllvironmems and r lC preservation and strengthening of the vitality and competitive position of the major cities within the Ran dsrad necessitates an u r ba11 rcna issa nec' . This is to
.r-
I ypology
'
find expression in, among other rhings, a growing pro
essential
Iht: dwellings arc in effecr dictated by thc limiting COIl
l i m i l i ng bur just as striking. They have a Illore slllall
�,".,Ic character and in many cases they are connected to
Ihe individual dwelling.
IJIli/ding height
.
�X'ith regard ro building height, :l
�llIft is ta ing p ace III two directions; a shift which is h.lving an impact Oil the floor plan. F irsrly, although the
IHnli rrT11-risc b u i lding with fl:ns still forms an import
portion of spacioll s, comforta hIc tj rba II dwellings.
III II p :l rt of the housing production, the number of high-
rhar )arkings ace s are ava l a
c in rhe vicinityof thcsc
tllt.tl llLllllber of new dwe ll i ngs were buih in complexes
....-,eing .., created, in which there is a combination of dwc1l
wllh six to eight store,rs, then the proponion of high
ln view of the incrcasing mobiJit , it is
d we ll ings T lis is why a new generation ot p ans is .
in ' t' e, bu i ldin
t ' e and
b uih
:ukin · facilities_ AI
thc Same time, there is also an increase in the num er of projects and dwellings in which parking garages have
� I
becn incorporated. l n almoS[ tWO thirds of thehOllsi np production, parking galJ!gcs arc being bllilr witb a
\ dwclling.
p
capacity for a proximate1y one parking space per
•
Builr
arking volume thus forms an important part
of the ,ro uctlon o
auslIl vo umeo '
n
K N S _"-l-CI
an
1 1\l'
with nin� or
-
l l t l \ 1 t ri�l' as a dwelling type i s prolifcrating and i n thc Hrw pl"Od uCfiOI1 wil1 predarninarc over the traditional Illt'dllll1l-rise. However, low-rise and grollnd-acccssed
h\ d li l l).!,' arc a Iso illcreasing.
b u il d i n
I 11 1 1·
'
volume as an urban
linth. On .Java eiland,
include the category
d wellings was 52. per cel�t. Secondl)', Ihe propor _ I h i n of dwellings in g rou nd based low-risc with onc or I \ � II �torevs has risen to I H percent. In this connection i r , .. I I l lpOrtanr to point our thar the number o f l1laiSOIl1 1 I l"� I1:IS i ncre ased, as h:1S the number of stackcd, bm � I ' fl l l ld-accessed, ground-floor-u psta irs dwell i ngs.
I
these parking basements arc resu ting in an explicit
more sroreys)f we
H\C
large garages, which have been in<:orporated in the
dwellings is increasing. In 1 997: �per cent of the
, Ill, Icndelle}' towards 011 the OI2$:. hand l;round-
l l1 I I ..:d and Oil the otherhand sky orienta�cd livin&,. l ! l l l l k , .1 Ilew developničnt in dwe l!ing preferences .
3J
N I' W ! l I f< I' C I' I O N S
which is r�prcse nta tive of the new n iches in the housing ma rker. Therc is a ma r ked prcd i lection for di stinctive d wt:lling types which stOlnd out from the main bulk oi medium-risc developmcnt. This distinctiveness is rein forced hy other urbanistic and architectural expres sions, which discngage themselves from the existing
city.
The most visible and srriking phenomenon in the recent houslIlg produ<:rion is that o 'rowers'. One look at . Illster( am's s · y Ille IS su ticienf to see that new iorms arc appearing; forms which rise above the tradi tioll31 height of foprto five srotCYS witha roof. The roof.. r "ul( of the need for landsc3pe is c han fj i ng as a � volu111c a nahOlls ing eap:1 city. The [
lt l
\
tl �
I
I
L\
urban
+
,
-I
l' ,
l I' ,
J.i
lS
.
\
.. !
II
I II�IH'''' "p.," ""'"'' 1!i N;",,,, �I,,,,,,, by Md;", PW I' \I',", I
34
, ,
�
I'o: E W I J ! K E C T I O N �
" H. W
I.:anab. 111 it� original state, i t cOIl(;lins;ln ingcnious spa tial inregration of work funcrions, living fUl1criolls and
service rooms. Th ese functions ;tnd rooms arc separ ared from each other in various ways in upstairs,
ground-floor, front and re;H sections, ;Ind they are also
inrcrconnected via stairways and ;lccess systems. The
nineteenrh-century house is cssentially a simplified
derivative of it, divided imo upst:1irs and ground-floor
dwellings, hut more often rhan not split inro self-con tained fbts.
The
current generation of ground-floor-upstairs
dwellings also fits i n with Ihis line of development. This dwelling type IS being huilt in urban locations and in
h igh-density dev elopm ents . Extreme vari..mts of th e type h:lvC a l so been realized. In various projects on the G W I . site, for example. they have been built i n free standing pavilions, up ro a height of five sroreys. A more convenrional approac.·h C:ln bc
seen
in the plans
for the lowered Bijlmerdreef. !-Iere, stacked maIson enes an: individually accessed in accordance with a
j
tried and [{'Sled principle. Thcground-floor dwellings
are nor only large (up to 1 30 rn>1 Ihcr.also have a llil! rialll raised ground floor and a garden. The II sta i rs dw�gs �/.:iQ....s.p' aciolls and have a roof t erra ce
measuring at least fifteen sq uare metres. The projecrs on Borneo a n d $porenburg arc again
less convemionaL They also have a far higher building
(knsit)' and are in a completdy different urhanistic con rexl. Most of these schemes are ground-accessed lo\\' rise housing with three to four storeys, but there i::.
an unusual sparial organization within the dwellings. mos t part small and dis-
Thc sLlb-schemes arc for rhe
l l I K I.CTl O N \
pl,IY strong rypological affinities with one another.
I hc)' arc often grouped around a central light court and dIl· most i m porta nt exrerior spaces are a covered car pl lI· t between the light court and the street, and :l roof C t 'l"f;lce. The character of these dwelll1lgs is in keeping w i t h the tradl tion of thc historical town hOtlse :lnd as �lIch the )' arc good examples of low-rise in an urban tll'nsi,y as an alternative ro suburhan living. AlllbigllollS devclopmellls . The developments t n
t ll'
average
oor arca a n
t e number of rooms per
dwc11ing - developmcnts Ihus within floor plans - arc ilttlhiguous. If we look first ar floor area, wc sec rhat in
t lll' \o":lal rental sector as a whole there was an increase :' N r dwelling from 73 111" in T9S9 to 88 ml in (997, an 'l b I l Ilrcasc ot 20 per cent in cigin ycars. In the other Sl
� H l izcd rental and owner-occupica sectors, however, ,lll'rc was a decrease :Ind this was greatesr in rhc middle
IllIcl· r;lngc in rhc oWller-occupied sector: from 90 np
74 111 � in 1 997. an average decrease of 1 8 per cent I 't'l' dwelling. A reverse development thus. \'(IhaI is 'I r j ki most of a I I is th a t th(' a vcrage size of a dwel1ing .. r l h c market .�ector has remained roughly thc samC :lr 1 0,", !lll, apart from a slighr dip in 1 994 ro J O I np pe r tn
ng
lhwlling.
W ilh regard tn the t()ral housing producrion there is
t h l l � 110 u ll equ i v ocal development i n the floor area pe r
d\\ t'lIln!.:. There was an increase in the social remal scc
hlll :l decrease and stagnation in rhe market secror. lt � hl lt l ld bc Iloted, howevcr, rh at market prices :Ire now
trH,
1 1�"I�, "O th:u more money has ul hepaid for a smaller
dwdlll 1).!.. The price-quality ratio has not improved. 37
", �. w
N I:.W D I K I: <..:' I I U N �
l
I f we look at rhe number o f rooms per dwelling, we see
that in the most recent rud m:tion dwellings with three
rooms
redominare in ;111 cate ones. n the me ium
priced rental sector, three-room dwellings comprised
spaCIO us
Il1lrC
1!li Ire rooms
,
Ilot meeting.
a
ponion of dwell ings with three rooms \Vas 57 per cent
jll�d
in 1997. comp:lred to 44 per C(,IH in 19H9. By conrrast,
tioTl of dwellings with lour rooms: in the social rental
J
a need which the marker is
"le ree market is buildin , mainly sma ll dwellings
with a rclari\'c1
there has been a considerable decrease in the propor
dwellin 's with more floor arca and
s ITIcreascd
84 per CCIlI of the production in 1 997, compared rc 34 per cent in 1 992. In thc social rental sector, the pro
I) I K I' CJ' I O I'< �
O
en tloor
I'I'IU:". In the sub�idize
eCtQr
"
,
lan
\v
ICl se
tor 1 1&1
rncdium-priced owner-occu
roo, more and more sma ll dwel lings are
h�'II.).!. hIIih. These trends arc evident i n the floor pb ns:
iii i hc Inarker sector there arc often few rooms but there I�
,I
l.lr)..:e floor area, whereas in the other sectors there
sector there was a decrease from 3 4 per cent to 2. 5 per
i l l l· ntlCIl the same number of rooms, but the floor arca
the middle price range in rhe owner-occupied sector.
\ UII1.lin :l rebrively br ' e amount of s ace and s atial
ccm, and a decn:ase from 48 per ccm to .l8 pcr ccm in
l n the case of the more extreme dwclling types,
devciopments arc lllore irregular: in the social rental
secror rhere was a decrease in the proportion of small one- and rwo-rOOI11 dwel lings from 20 pn cent to 4 per
cern, whereas, by Con[ra St , rhere was an
rn crease in the
proportion of large five- and six-room dwellings from 2.
per ccm ro 1 4 per cent. In the market rental and
owner-occupied secror the trend is exactly the reverse:
I� \" o l l�idcrably small er. The market-sector floor plans i t }: I I I : 1 1 1 open l'liUI11. In thc other sectors, the floor 1'1,111" :lre Illorc closed and composed of a strict hierar-
1
hy ot I l IOS t1y sma
\
rooms.
An·dera/ion al/d (raze
.
Between 1 9 8 8 and 1.998,
I W \,illllllleO t e ann ua ousing production decreased lIorll � , 4 ') 6 tO J , J 1 2 dwellings: a decrease of 43 p er
! I
lit. \ I Iofcover, it should be noted that market-secror
an increase in rhc �malle M dwellings from 4 per cent to
Ih\lI' I I I Il)..:� were nor included until r 992. If we limit rhe
1 6 pef(_�t'1l( to 6 per cerl(.
plit " Illllt:h greater: a decrease of 83 per cent, from ' , 1 ' 1 (' I I ) � 59 dwellings, in T997. This leads to the con
r 3 per cerlf ;md a decrease in the largest dwellings from
To slll1lmari:t.c, it can bc said that the proportion of
�'II Vt')'
lo s uhsidized housing then
[he decrease in our
dwellings with three roOI1lS has increased suhstamially
I 111�lrlll I h,lt the pn)porrion of market-sector dwellings
the other sectors, roo, (here is a sh arp increase in the
!twldul)..: rlans and projects has not decreased propor·
i n reccllt years, pa rt ic u la rly i n thc social rentaI sector. In
o f small dwellings with one or two rooms.
I h lll,nd), wi th the decrease in the 11111 nber of dwellings.
sma!T househo]us. Ar the same time, thc nced for
I lIlph , I'I" \lrl dwelling differentiation and investment �h l l t l l lg I i I I hl.' market sector, housing prod uction is also
proportion
Thc ..emphasis is thus increasingl)' on dwellings with _ . few rooms, resulting in a greater diversity in hOlIsing
tor
\',I� III\. n:,I"cd substantially. Incidemall}', the numher of
WIt h i l l ,I "hrinking housing production, not only is the
3')
" ' 1 · \\ O I K I· (
I 1 0 :-.1 S
j"o; E W D I I O.CI" 1 0 N \
becoming m arc comple x du .: to thc dccre:lsing average
)i nce thc archi tecr ure of residemi a i development and
project si ze. The la uer decreased from 47 dwellings per
scheme in
public housing determines the appearance of the city
1996 to :1.7 in 1997. Fewer and fewer dwell
there is an interdepcndcnce and symbiosis between
hOll!-lC
ings 011 more and more si tes in the city is generating more and more site-speci fic factors; faerors which play
I.m A.E. Brin ckm ann, is the raw material of thc city and
�l
.IS
on the increase: there arc more mc 'a-projects with over 100 dwell ings, but also more min i-projects wit tewcr.
centre even, is therefore !-Irill seen by many as rhe ulti
role in rhc design of thc bui ldi ng type, dwelling type and floor plan . .� Ioreover, extremes in project size are
matc form of hospirable urbanic;m, with emphasis on
'than telldwelHngs. These cha rac teristics are represent
Ihe long lines of 1l1ol1umenwlity and Oil reiined arch i
The increasing differentiation in dwellings and liv ing environmen'tš1s III Itselfa development. A posši h1cdownside , however is rhe fra Illentarion of the archirectu ralimagco the ci t a s a w ole w 1ic aS,on
urdinate role in this, as a fixed constitucnr element
ative o t 1e growing contrasts i n the production.
Il'ctu ral
p�nve
�
detail. The floor plan plays a relatively su b
whose dimen Sions, bm not typology, arc subject tn
.l lrcration.
lt is nor surpri!>ing therefore that in AI11 !-1rerdam
een termc, Ihe 'acceleration' of the city and
I.uid ;lnd the Riviercnbuurt in pa rticula r, the mOl1lwr
p!etdy new areas is [Q be expected, because it is here
\!cppec! up. As a res ult, the arch i tectural image is fixed
as is the case, for eX:l mp le, in Oostelijk Havengebied
Viola ble
occasion,
of architecrure. Thai this acceleration
occurs in
I1Ig and steering of architectural ch anges has been
com-
thar rhe new face of the city is becoming fully manifest, and Dc Aker. Here, d iversity is in many res pectS visible
and mcasum ble: in respect of spatial model, pricc
e
range, living environ m nt, dwe lling type and architec
ture. But on a lower level of scale, 100, in existing neigh bourhoods and districrs, there is increasing diversity,
which does nOt always appear ro be supervi sed or sub
ject to city- i nugc comroI. In the coming years, an area
targeted approach and rescrtlcturing as ;) new form of
!
such also forms the basi s of thc collective house of
the city plan. 'Plan Zuid', mate than the historic city
urban renewal must go hand in hand with a res()l ute
str:ltcgy for city image and public realm.
ln the implemenration of such a strategy ir is import
ant to guard against freezing' rhc nrchitecrural image.
------� ---'
40
.md in a cenain sense 'irozen' as a normative and in
/
qu ality.
A s im ila r development is taking p!ace
III the nineretnrh-century disrricrs, in the ciry centre and 111
th c posrwar g:lrden suburbs in :lccordance wirh the
Cl'nera J Extension Pian for AmsrerdtUll ( I }lJ 5 ) . All
proposals for new ho us in develo meni are examined ror compafJ i ity with the u r banistic and arc l itecru r:l lOmeX[. This does indeed increase the unity of the •
a n landsl:a e, hUT it also accenruates the contrast
u rb
rhe 011l' hand thc publ ici ty of thc urban dom.lin and on the other hand the !-Iecrecy of privare dwelling. This gives risc to a pi1enornel1on wh ich could Iw ch.n:l.cterized as rhe ):Hadux of the invisi ble ua
Il'lwcen on
� The sometimes
I
'
unique e;'J!lIrcs of the ind i Vi dual
4'
t\ EW D I H E C r l O N S
N E W D I J\ E C T I O N �
dwclling are subordinated t o the pursuit of coherence
and unity, giving rise to a dichotomy between the increasing rcfinement and differentiation of interior
dwelling and the more universal quality of the exterior architecture.
This paradox is illustrated by the recent new devel
,
opment in Oosterparkbuurt in Amsterdam-Oost. The
severe and wilful architecture here has been strongly
influenced by the city-image plan, which is prernised
on the cultivation of nineteenth-century features. Th�
dwellings behind the ut1lform screen of the fac;ade, howev't':'r, are characterized by a greatdiverSIty whichIS
sca""f"CelV(rn Jišce lble in the fai\ades.Something similar is
true in many of thc plans for Borneo and Sporenburg,
where the restrained front clevariol1S revcal little of
the complex spatial dwelling structure behind. Both
examples show a division bet\veen the quality of the
exterior as the boundary of the public living room of
the street and the quality of the interior as the laby rimhine cocoon of the individual household.
H ··bridizatlOl/ ·
here is a marked tendency in many
o the plans towards mixing different dwclling types
\
within small complexes and buildings. Narrow and wide dwellin s malsonettes and flats, corridor and 'al
I
II
I
,'l ,
� lj ,
-
\ .- ,
,
.�C .1 2
'::i
lery dwellings occur ln al! manner o combi nations.
Herc too, differentiation, in order to be able to offer
the consumer a wide range of choice within a single
project, plays a decisive ro\e. There are schemes with
I1llxed access systems and every conceivable building
43
�
,,
l
,
,
"
.
LJ ,
type, with a compicx sracking of dwelling types, ftats, rnaisonetres, ground-f[oor-upswirs dwellings, studio dwellings and split-b' cl houses. The plans for ground acc('ssed dwellings ;llso havc this Illix of typologies, panicubr1y when rhey arc interw()vcn with a complex
sl;l.cking of maisonenes and flato;; . Thc typolog)' of
�
types results in am biguity regarding the identity of the building and dwelling t)'pe. One could conclude that in
man)' schcmes[here is no longer a cn tegoricalcla rir\',
-;;either urhanisricallv and archirccrurallv, nor typo
sumer, who is willing to pay a high pricc for ir. The
.
,
tbc <:ultivation of sparial dwellings whose practical value is underdeveloped.
floor area within the dwellings...!h c
and
!S.l1 dimensions of th c main living room, and this is of combined with a rcbrivelv small open kitchen. In only a fcw of the projccts is th e living room articulared in slIch a wa}' thar there is a clearly defined din m ' arca.
Only then can t lC (rawback () t IC lIndivided hybrid space becompcnS;lted for to some extent.
44
ivi ual ization.
eneral!}
'111',lkm ' -functional neutrality'is an im orram 1re �t IIldtl i(\ll for the durability ot t e uture housing stock.
toO fa r, because the ' I i beracion of rhe floor plan' from rhe strait-jackct of the cost-qu:lliry test has resulted in
greater the emphasis in the floor phln on the sizc
h y brid floor plan COll-
Ih .1 w h ole ; for ex am ple, because the traditional kitchen araredfrom the
�ft 'U p:!", l '> l n mcay's increaslngln
emphasis on spatiality has perhaps been taken a little
Thc grs.;!.tcr the
�l
is at the e x pense of rhe militr value ofthe dweIling
.
short hybrid. The insouciant Tll ixing of principles and
itself. The dwclling with 'unique' spatial qualities is rii:ed highly by the market-orienr�Hcd housing con
most cases, h owever, such
\'\;pr
h V 1 1 1g room, las been abandonc , whereas the eXI I I I ) of thc;;uhi le-use dwellin-: for different types of hUII"cholds is an important, c assic qua lry ea t lIfe o Atn�r crdam's pubite hOllsing tradition. _With the IlIcreaSIn cm ,h;lsis on s ) ar ialitv other aspects of the )11 /11- liera rchi<:a ( wdling ,!occm to be losing favour w l l h clicnrs and archirects. Such as, for e x am p le, the ' \ 1I,IIit, of rooms' that is to Sav. the realization of '1111'( rooms o e ual size with a floor area of bttween • .1, ,m, 1 4 n1'-. Suc a qualir}' affords nOt only more rl l't'l lo l l l ofchoice for the c u rre nt occupantsj bur also t rio n ' )()ssibilirics as to use for future hous('holds. � I I 11,1 Ir)' o rooms a so guarantees e ua lt o ()Ccu-
building and dwelling i n such cases i,!o no longer unam
A comparable rendenev towards h bridizatioll is . dwellin ' sca e o becoming al' )arCI11 on h
tn
D J lU' CI I U I\ '>
With dmiil l Mea, wh ich is s )ati:dlv sc
biguous, bur r;:nher Ill ultifariuus :1nd enigm:1tic, in
logically.
NEW
,
I;/'('I/! ,-first CCf/tllry . As has been pointed out ,hoH'. tlli!e is increasmg tension berween traditional , 1\111\ lIoll:llist, measurable hOlIsingqualities and the \11111\'111 )O r ! r reworkin of dwellin t')010 'ies. I h n hcrrnorc, greater cm lasis is being placed on a I l l Ior ;lrC;l, hei h(ened store s, VOI an vo ume
�t'
'-j!hl l u l
:
o lhe rless (
r
u anri fia
e
ualities snch aS s atiaI-
">1 IiI I f.; l n mcs and iglu el1erration. There is often a t lllfl, .t,tll lier;,;1fc ical relations lp elween a large room,:1 small, o pcn ki t chen and relatively small Ih.hlij 1 " l i f t lllll". rV l o reover, man)' dwdlings arc developed 4 .\
/'\ .t lr'
M 't' '7
:\! r: W !) I H I. C T I O N S
venica lly over twO, t hree or even fou r or fi Vl' storeys, in r to ma ke possible rt direct connection with (he
e
or d
round level and rt front door for each dw elling b comin s atially and funetiona more ami more specific, whic l ill ma nv cases is demon+ strably at [he expense of multiple use. In staeked COI1+ struction in pa rticula r, the generic and all-purpose [Own house is in danger of disapPl·aring. This could in the long run he to the detriment of th e quality of the housing stock: in add i tion to t h ere is Dwe llin ii �lre
I
.
ro
yeUing will become an important programma!ic
j
.
.
,
I\
COIl
for dw('llill ' in thc [wem -first century: a spacjous ane neutral carcass with extr:l width, depth and height and rt flexi ble Iayout �!!!. also Wich a ceream hyh0..d .,l character for use as a work, pla\.:c, stu dio or office apart � l n the desig.n, em phasi� will be on new incerprera tura t' )() tions of ftlll1iliar urban isti\.: and a I OB eS, partlctI ar y III t lC context of the existin city. In ad ition , or speCla , peripheral and noise-ridden loca tions, new ensembles will be developed, with a clear formal expression, deri ved from the programme of a mix of fun ctions acccssibiliry and mobilitv, rang mg from noise ba rriers and parkin facilities ro currmn walls, billboar< � an an marks. The image of urhan Tving can then becorn norC":1; r O en, expres sive an( specific, while the dwelling itself will become increasillg1y neu tra l, generic and cycle-proof cc t
.
•
l\'I A I( l N U � O O S T [ N B R I N K
•
D I C K VAN G A fo,· IF.REN
II}
,i
nd
V
large, housing in Amsterdam is, in my view,
11HI�h of a muchncss. I havc sclc�tcd a number of fluor I'hlll� from 1 992, but I dldn't find a n y really new r 'po [:Jn ar [ rec-room we ings pre se�tors. This cannot hur result in a very
IU1\ *' ,: ' in t lat Yl:nr. all
JuWj nnrc in
IlIp' I ded housing stock with virrually only three- and [tIlIr room dwellings and fluor l an s 'ou ciln't alrer .H
,dl. If
this met thc
ausing need it wouldn't really
11I.IIII :r, although you a lways
I
run
i nto problems bter
II ),011 can'r :lIfer dwellings. Th ere are plenty of very
j
ttH:ic livepro ects, bUI
lS a
..
rule everythingin lhe floor
11[.111' has been fi x ed and therc is a lack of neutralir and 1 11'1( 1 II il y. Some of (hc floor plan I have chosen rhere
s
ItiH' heca use rhc architects and dients have, by
tl.I�I,
COI1-
tried (o do something different. l have also in-
ld I Il I d �
:l
couplc of floor plans as eX:lmples of
houhl nOI bc donc. I hl' floor
how it
pbn of fhe dwellings by Paul Wintermans
titi "' N ' M-eibnd
is inspired hy Lc Curbusier's Unite
49
!
ft II
•
t/'l labitatioll in �.,,1arsei1lc. Access is by means of a long cemral corridor through the building. The dwellings :HC situated p arr l y below and pani}' above this COT fidor. Yuu see that quite ofren i n housing i n
Amsterdam, hut berc it has been cbborared within thc housing norm. Thc living room i s empty from thc front (o [he back; the view through the space has been kept open bvp cing.thc k itchen against thc waiL The orientation is good, with the terrace on the sunny side :md the living room facing north. De Arch irccrcn
Dutch
b
Cic. has developed a similar type of floor plan in a lucid way for a building on Oosrelijke HandcIskade. Herc, thc spatial possibilities of an apartment on twO levels
h�nor becn exploited ro the Corbusier's prorotype.
)
I
S�lme extent as in Lc
,.
l h:lvC chosen the 'trornmclwoningen' (drum dwell ings) by l.icsbeth van der Pol because rhey are a (;0[1) plcr�ly new typs.; \jove;; em rh rough the dwellin� from one noor toanorher ,is spariaU}'superb.However, arise because rhere arc other a prIvaC 1ro dwellings :l bove and below, which you
on'r
ave in a
sran(brd si ngle-family dwelling. However, in this case,
the experimental, the innovativc is, l thi nk, what is most im portant. The 'hofwoningcn' {court dwellings} the S;ltnC an:hirectural office arc intcreJ>.!.i!lg because single- bmilx dwellings alternate with combineg
-by
:T<
,und- and II er-floor dwell in 's. Differentiation has thus )een ingeniously inrro( l c ed a row of dwellings. Another inrerestin ' feature of the scheme is that this floor p an las five rooms" )rmat one se om sees in Amsterdam, alas. Ihe floor pb. ns by Gert-Jan I-iCli'(lilksof De An:hitectengroep for Schelvishoofd fir
I
5°
in
'Illo
I
II
.
nn
unusual t'pological scheme of urban villas
o apartmems. Auc"\ of the upsrairs weJlings as een Jn 'eniolls\v ljulynl.J also like the way the bedrooms opcn di rectly ..... OI l t I ) [ hc rerrace. 1'01' Bda;lnjachtpleill, Bosch Haslcrt designed a t e of floor plan - a dwdlill); wi th a rather 'I I IXt" dweIling, whi(:h is vcrydeep and narrow, .!!.. !2P � l l lIlIld floor, an extremel), long structural wall h;1S !Jn'.!.! kept completely <;kar so that vou can experienq.:.. liu,' The void also providcs an l"� r l" l � a rial effect. Even S 0 , the flour plan has those t w o I r.l itional hedroo!1ls. Evidcntly, there's no getting H ! l I I \ d rhar; ir's wh<1 t clicnrs want. For Bastcnakcn _1 1 ,1 ,1 1 , Van Herkel & Bos have dcsigned a differenti c-fall1il y dwelling. Inrcrcsting lini. v C.!J:: _ Ir',. [ 1 J 1'C� ofthisfloor plan Include the differencein level "!eps on thegroundfloo r andthe comp l;rr lex void I ll· 'itchen and !he hall, aho\'{" which is a sky' 11" 1 1 . Tlu:: signali7re ofVanBerkćl& Bos is alsodisccrn: ,Ill!- IlI lhe rorarions. ln t he design by Claus & Kaan for BinIlen Wie IItl�:cr�tr:l:lt i n the city centre, old and new have bccn � Ir'�crl}' combined. E;l Ch dwe1ling consists ot a Single �I I )IČywhichext ends across two buildings: a ren()v<1tcd hl�!lll'k building and <1djoining new-build. The spatial wh
ntam 1ll:lIS0nerres instca(
ut1llslI:d
i.kpuu)Lilic... dwcllj ng,
�
�() �hOVt,
!lId .Ic\[hetic contrast between the variousparts of the hUildiii"g is striking. You can thu s create very anractivc
,,
.h\'l" lIll1).:" in asecmingly impossible situation. The
h I I llI cr oi the fl oor plan by Dik Smeding for Hoogre � .! ! l l l k �hows to best advantage if you see a lor of them Ilfl.\lt llt'r. The project rurned into an infill exercise. The
!
-
�
5]
archltect seems to h
,Ic
•
L
>
.
"
"
flars
floor plan in order to provide the building's far.,:ade with
n ,ro\\'n.
Thc f loor plan for a dwelling in Vroliksrraar by
Duinker. Van der Torre shows how i( rea l l y should hl'
l
h�
done. The hall is lar 'C and various s aces cnn be i mc r
gIDtlt'cted means Q..... s iding doors. This is quire cxpensive, w i ch is parrly why yOlldOl;'t often see slIch flexible floor plans. More dwellings of this type need to bc buih, preferably with more rooms.
!>.)C'JI rellle".
III1\n�n W;,·r;"tl�..(t3J" CJ.m.& Ka�1I
,
�I
It --l'r l I
.\Iukc! "",tor owner
HOOI:fC "'ad1Ik.
rhk Sm�Jm� with Groot Pam"",,,
\4
-
,
.1 \
, ,
-
� j
1;81
\IIIls,dIlN "'nte,I, 'Tc"�r!(olr". Da CostabJ,',
nude> V,nd(""ho.'c
55
I �').!
I� ,=
l
;
r
8
\1ark�H«I<)r ,..,nlnJ, .\1;or1l' H'''''�'''l'b". r�· [ung. H"""I':,dJ, Dc Kar
v
'><><",lrl"nrnJ, Vtolik",",,,,
l.Juonkn, v"" derI mr.
57
•
I \brk.'I·"'-�tor "W".., ()I:CUPI<..J,
l\larl<�I·�,nr""n,·r ,-"CUP''''\.
IJ,'11. \X'lmcrnWI> f( � , "
'l\\)·S,lde:. Vunl�.d,·, ."" ArchLl.l
v
59
•
"
.;J
L
I
\
L
<'\
;J;q.W . .
I
'<-
;i--
n
"
\c. \.
J
I I , ,
f<
<;.oc,al, .m.d' ·Hoiwon"'��n'. . oum Zuidrmdr dm/ surr l !mg" Lwsbnh "an dn Po
(,0
I:
('---lb
/ ..
...
Sul",Jw'd owner-,,,, LJI'."d,
� ial rrnll'J.
I\.:"'a"j",htplr,n. IIo<.:h 110"1.,,
S hd\" h,�>f.l.
or ,\,dlll,-,,,·,,)!,,...,,
v
., '
1 993 V E ft A Y A N O V S I-I T C H I N S KY
,1
...
hI": ---.. ' '., )r...l """lc!či!l[7
�
I
I
tilj
First of all: the book by the ciry's h ousing deparrment
with thc floor p lans produced in T993 wgs very d i sap
I
.
poinri ng and [ found ir difficult to select a reasonable number of p lans I wouldalso ilke to make clear at the
outStt that I loaked at the qua li tyof the housing scheme
as a whole when making myselectiQP. All of thc floor pT.1T1S in a building project must he of a high standard 111 Illy view;
1'01 nor interested in one h igh-quali ty floor
plan in an otherwise I1lferior scheme.
Sometimes the nature of an urban design scheme
c;:dl s for great cn:arivity on thc part of thc designer when designing a dwelling within thar scheme. Many architects on Java-eiland, for example, have not been
r..brkd ,wtnr ()WIl("" "'''1,,",1, 1l." "·Il"k�l1S(ra.n. V.'" Ilnhl& j�"
successful; every inch of space has been utilized, but Ihis has not Geen articuIar l roductive. Evidentl\', the
'
stl1nu us of a difficult site does not always guarantee
successful solutions. Furthermore, there arc fe\\' i f an)'
flexible floor plans i n the book. I suspect this has to do with the brief, whICh usually limits itself to essential s
199 3
1 99 3
for ecol1ol11Y's sake. Consequenrly, there is seldoJ1l dut
overmeasure which can automatically result i n flexibil ity. I did, however, sec some plans with interesting spa-
tial (onnections, su that the dwellings arc suitable for different modes of living, nor just the traditional aver - a ge fa m i l y.
�
(
..... What � striking is the number of badl)' Jesigned fluor plans where on emerin the dwcllin ' ou ractically falJ into the w_c, or you lave to sqllccze pa sr the wash i ng to get to the washing machine) . Indeed , I was more im ressed by the l:uge number of baJ floorotailš rhan by the fcw nnes. T le (laz ) a rc.h itccrs them
<
•
g�O(
y
selves are responsible for the lack ot q u a lity, because it is noteworrhy that within the same hlock alle �lrchitect has found good solutions and rh e other has nOt. Ifs a question of getting yo ur priorities right. A good archi
tect plUS personal enrhusia!>1l1 first nOI the building tas' use . The floor plan by Van Heerden for Dc Wi ne Keizer works well sparially because uf the living room with mczzaninc. This results in the sc aration of the living :;;indrEe slcqllng arca and conseg.lJi;ntly there is a dis tinction between public and p ri va te . S2.ltial ly, effective l use has bee n Jn o f lhe hasemenr :lTld th(' rai ..}\fOun floal". The dwellings by Grocnendaal & Dc
Yl
Vries on Keizersgracht are " response to the difficult
�
rask of designing for an extremely narrow plor. Despite thc limited width, the architects have succeeded in crcil"ting circulation wilhin the dwclling. Quite a feat, given the circumstances. In man)' respeCl<;, the archi tects have responded well to [hc t:onslrainrs of t hc sire. Access to the dwe l l i ng is via :\11 ;ldj�ll·Clll a l ley- w:1Y. 6(.
floors,
What I like about the floor plan by Cccs Nagelkerkc for
WOllen 2.ooQ..is thar rhere arc entrances on two
corl}'. This is unusual in such a relative so rhat both floors can he used more
o
or
less inde end-
small dwelling;
ir creates flcxibil iry and increases liveabil i);..Sjoer t
Soerers' floor plans for .Java;eiland arc a remarbblc piece of jigsaw work, which has resulted in some sllperb dwell ings . The separate >rorey<; within the dwellin s are rotared in rel a tio n to cach other so thar yu c n I . e use () the uli width and dc rh of the dwelling at the same time. ere t le cntlre uilding has - bc n well thoughr our,'and t ha t is quitc unusual. The floor plan by Kees Christi:l:lllse for Java-eiland is, as regards spatial organization, a beautiful studio dwcll ing. Herc too, the fact that high-qu:llity fluor plans
,
;
h:lVe been prodllced i n difficult ci rcumstances is ilO mean achievement. The shape of Ihe plot had already been fixed when the architects began their wo rk . ln 10;1 ' dee ) floor lans it is sometimes difficu)r to 1110ve from the front to (hc rear secIion, ut in t lC a\ vellings hy Cruz & Orriz for Java -cilan"d. this pl"Oblcm has been ingcl1l ous l y so)vcd. Moreo\ler� having wa l kc fro tle rotH to the rear ou then have a splendidVICW back througl the wcllinp. Wirh i kin u rricks 'ou
�
(:an make a dwellin ' look bi 'er rhan it actually is . Residence 't Wardcrschip by Jan Brol1wcr, on t le or cr hand, is refreshingi\' simple . Perhaps little credit will bc ga i n eJ for it, but the wholč is neverrheless of a quality one seldom sees. This quality is also due tu the lucid l a y '
Olit of the hallsing block as a whole. The free-standing villa hy Metropolis I r [ for Bl.Iik i>lnrerbrcck is a splendid spa rial design with a sllrprising
\
1 ') 9'>
1')9J
roming. The connection between the living room and
rhe garage is interesting; the stajrway i s srunning and not dominant. Thc programme is not complex; indecd,
therc is only one bedroom in rhe villa and, cmiollsl}"
rhere is no g:udcn. The entire programme is situared
inside (he building; rhe g:lragc is in [hc baserncnt. The
villa can he compared with the small dwclling designed by Ferma Oorthuys.
I like this scheme because of the
ingeniolIs floor plan. The vertical circulation is clearly
visible because of rhe sraircase and the void connected
..!2 it, but it does !lQtdominarc the space. As in the villa
by Metropolis I l l, herc roo, the staircast" is a srructur
ing e]emem in the dwclling. Tht' d ifference in level
between the low and the high section of rhe dwelling is i n teresting.
The dwellings by Geurst & Schulze for Dc Aker arc
four Single-family dwellings. The floor plans arc not c specracu1ar bur they h:lve been wcll l10ughr out, with
� also a
as a resuh 1U\.:idJy orga nized dwellings. There i
,e certain overmeasure JT1 the design; see, for CX.llllplc, t h
)argc
rerq�c. Ir gIves a degree of fJcxl hrhty which,
"I
regrerrably, ont· seldom sees in floor plan.!.. This qualiry has been illlroduced on the designers' initiative,
because Ihere are ,>carcel}' :lny speci:ll circumstances
here which could have bcen used as a sf:lning-poinr in
,,
thc design.
I
. '
Q) (, X
.\!."hl->l·",or owr>t,",>
·lk Wilt" K,·i,,·r· K.,u..gr:>d". Vat,lk."..!.·"
v
•
T99 _J
-
l
L" L
i
CD
1\l."kt!·"�:I'" "" "."
t.,'·'/CI'loJ;r.lch!.
(,......-n(IIJ.I.,1 15..
70
.\jarh.-".-" .." vwnu
'''-LIIr'''.!,
'Wonen �ooo', Rozc"grJchl,
0:... :--a)l.eI�,·rl,·
Ik Vm...
v
7'
T99 3
1 9 9 .3
i I
I ....-- -�-
•
O ,
7'
l'ri\'a� hou,,".
Buik,J(){erbr�k,
�Ietropo!i, I II ar<-h;f<.",ocn
73
1 <) 9 ;
1 993
I-J "
I)
-,
-
"
r
b,
�,
:J
al
"
)lIbs,di"'d r�,O!<·d. Sllll1.l1rak"de,
SioerJ.",�·"n
I
:?l ,
� \
,
I /
I�
/,I i I
S,ud,,,, «,I",d"cd ,,·nted, SunultobJe.
h.«s Ch,;
/
74
75
j
)')93
r•
,
F
-
h
"
\,
;
,
l'
It:!:l:
1' \
,
) ,
�
'-
,�
Sub,;.!"",l 'c,",<-d,
.\lark<1:-"",,:\0, U"-'''',-"';�"pi<-d. ", \'C"'k,,,,hip·. B"ihl,��rm""'1>k,,). "" :1T�hi" ",�"
J"YJbd�,
(,,,,, &. On;"
v
77
v
1 993
I
tj
.
,'Itt !Ć'r-
,
\
E X I
r
-
.
.
,
t"..,
�
�M /
LP\
I
, t ,,, ,-
.I ! 1t/)i!'f"
.
( •
"
'-
�
.-
MJf�tl·W'« or .-... ".,,-....-.:up,td,
U, lourm�l."
G.um &; Schlliu
v
l
-
t-----------
l..J
..
l.� )il
" "
�
n
. , I 'J I
•
1
I
-
V
I
l
,i""'"
':"'-�-,,,,,
1\
CD
II
-\
I cf /-, J
.\brkct-"""I.,.- nwr"'T-.-..__Cul,,�d,
'SIOIO ', K'-"ITijl.
h"nnJ Our1i,U)"' " ,Ih Y " ".'n dtn EiSl'n
79
I
1 994 HAN .\H e I l E I.
./
In my selection of floor plans from the ear 1 9 9 4, l lookcd priman y or II1t1Ovative typologics. J have a so
Chosen d�si 'ns which arc not new but whlch are still
innovativc in a sense, beC<1Use up untl now t ey were
•
1\ \l
•
scldom huilrin Amsterdam. When I look cd through the housing production for 1 99 4, J was �truck by the lack of variety; the dwellings buih in that year are mostly three-room aparrments of between 7j and 80 square metres.
Thar'sJUSt what we dontr need. The bulk of the housing production is very standard; everything is or anized m ch the same way. More exciring, vMied accents nec to le created in response to more and morc divergenr speci fic circumstances. Ideally, the bulk of housing should consist of man S aClOUS ---o..c_ ral dwellings, surroun e a motle assortrnem of unusual, eye-care ing types. In car terms; a combina tion otRenaultF .spaees andsnan spOrtS cars. floor plan (Jf a dwcl!ing by Groenendaal & De Vries Oil Korte I .cidsedwarsstraat ignores the entire
u
,
y
The
,,
l
t
)
I
hisrory of public hOlIsing. lt is a hotel-likepied-il-ferrei. can have oni , one Arnuni SUif as oce I h because t ('rc is no SIora e s nec for re clolhes. But ir (here a en morc sp;lce, ir would have been a t
:!ppcars ro he improving - the rem could he raised or the dwcllings sold. Thar wa)', in ten or t\wntr years' timc, you don'r h:1\'c thc problem },Oll have 1I0W, for example, i n the Westclijke Tuinsteden in Amsterdam: an enormolls stock of dwellings of a type and form:!t which no longer meet current needs. ln public-housing terms, the so-called ;W07,OCO' complex, with apartments for the cIderl }'. by M V R O V_ is proDahlv not rhat successful, b"ut-it.is refreshing ro
� rpGl
the e x ense o f thc livin '-mac line- i ·c :lura. combined with work in is the (heme ln tlt' OO l 1y Van ( er Waalsl cinsrra or t e dwc mgs on 05( vcrlorcnvaart. This is a cOlHemporar ' [heme, a relativel)' new motif in l0using eS11ll1. It is a lo ( ike dwell ... Il 'Q'H.:iousness and in ing, in wh' . l thc ('Ill ha -j' ' .. \\' lieh good possi ilirics have been created for alterl) alive use. Access is via a long corridor along which arc SiTUated a number of small rooms. This :lppears to be based 011 the model of the Wagons-Lirs hotels. Liesbeth van der Pul :lnd Rowin PcrcrSn1
.
_
.
seeC'GoVči":;'"'
proll> t
ns (hrown rboard. lhc is very ri 'ing :Ind mnsequend it falls outside the usual cat egories () good or a . It is difficu I to pinpoint ex.lCrl ' -:-Whar 's wrons withlt; in :lny event, the ui in III its ..J.Utaliry is impressive. There2,.fe I rge storage spaces and for the rcst everyone must judge for themselves. l n the design by Roe1f Steenhuis for Roberr Fruinlaan on thc eastern shore of Sloterpla�hc floor plans arc !lot that unusual in themselves, but the ordinary works very , well here. It is a new t )( : oTtown house; ašingle-famil j �ell "ng on three oors wit consl era e ext iliry ill
l
�.ln Illy view, thc g�und floorcouldhavebeen more
��
neutral btlt even so thisdwc l lin hasfutl1re valuc. And lt is gellcroLlsly detailed; scc, or example, the ouble door to the ba Icon),. l n their design for housing i n Gulden Kruis, a neigh
mlating through ro the social rental sector. o, this would hnvc been impossible. becausejn those_ � da 's everyone Ihoughr thar a void would result in extra heatin ' COStS, w lic c I I'tsaddlc �I an wi The oor pbn by Gerr-Jan l lendriks (De Archirec tengroep) for 'De Branding' is also more of an incidem th;)n thc start of �I ncw trcnd. lis is a flexible floor plan which provides a ran ';of ()ssibi ItlCS as re '�lr s use.
bourhood in the Bijlmermeer, Claus & Kaan 3how themselves to bc masters of styling. This schellle has :1 superb spatial organization. It really is a tinu'less. -dwcHinp; Dore the overmeasure produced hy thcgcne!ous height and the la rg.e windows. The design forms .... a benchmark for thc durable quality. The floor pbn by Van Gamercn & Mastenbrock (De Architcctcngrocp)
BecauE suc a \. wd i ng. is su adaptable, it also ha� value. A housing corporation could lease ic iniriarry-rm:-alow rent; brer - i f the neighbourhood
�
l
l
1994
1 994
�enerou ly dcraikd . T�oms are in a splendid in the complex on s
Oeverpad
i s spaciously organ i zed
way 1 l1tcrcQT!,!.lccred and thc whole
is
bea uti fu
lly
detailed. Norc the double doors between the living
1
superb of extra possihilities as
f()om and th(' bed room . They create nor only a
•
spatial aXIS, bu t also a host
regards use.
And this is in connectio.!! with an internal
circujt via II spacious lOi;gia . Thc design is rclaxed throughout with no wilful complieation.
Ben Tellge's floo r pbn fo r the same Oeverpad i s a [ like beca LIS it a!lows for different inter reta
plan
�n�',u�"",:::
tions . It 's of thc 'al tv e wi th a ten tionalism blJt .lt the 5;111 lm {eri n ' ossi bil iti
flexible use. The spacious hall can be use , ways . -
t�
In
th e contrihution by Kees
or
in vario.us
Ch ri sti a anse to the
development on the G W I. si le I hcrs: is a floorplan that is ighl}' ingenious but [hat, in my vi ew, is not effective.
The aim of pro vid in g access from the street for all
dwel l ings has resulted in solutions which look con trivcd. Tl}!.scheme is srriking but ir does not pOllU the
�or\Vard. genera l use,
Because therc is insufficient
s
ace for
rc, ' �n sareprisullt;rs of[hc floor pl an . This is not (he way to do ir. •
P,i\'al�hou>('.
Kort. l�id>('d" �"" "daf. (;'''''n�nd""1 &; l� Vfl...
1 994
[994
"�'-P--'--
rl" \..lj
...
.\brht·=tnr" n
V.oHJII<.UJJI.
t...... ChroSilJJ""<'
1/
r ->,
'r: J:
...
I>hrlcrl-"' 10f (lWIICT-""up.ed,
'[)". �t"d,hlJi,e,,', Ko.,..-"I01CnVJMt. V,Ill <1", Wa"l,rZ";"
87
J
1 99-1
1 99-1
f----t
.
-
·1
-::
\
-
.
'
•
1
-
.
� -
. .
�.
"
t
']]jJ �, '
C:
�. �
".-- � �
--
(l D ---1 '
�i
.
., I
.
I
= Social '�nl�.:I, ."lbrrrC"YI'IHadl. ""Win 1'.""Illd ",uh LI�
v
1 994
�.
D •
o
1994
o
, r
"
o
r'-�
,
-
,
,
./
I
r
0,
j \,
,
_-L!L D
.
I :\brkCl ",,'norownn o.:wp;nL-
s.u.,-;"I rent.-.:l.
o.."-'·fp.d.
o..·,upad.
1).,. ,\r"hifl"Cf'·Il�"_.:r
!\cuT.ng.
v
v
9'
I
I
-Itnl '--
f=1.L ..b
,
-
•
CD
Sodal r�mfd for thr ddtrl�. '''"
k",...,rw"!'-,
�II K Ln
e
. ...u....,dIZ�
,
,
93
1 994
F E R F E L I) E R
� T �o
lt was
r
110r easy to
1-
looked nt in isolation from the t ' -
) ac' as
a
W
10 e, rom t
;
-
.. / -
e
e
010
.
of a buildin '
Hlsen access system, the
location inti1"CCity or the type of cItem. It is, howcver,
"""challenging ' ro
.�
focus exclusively o n the floor plans
whcn m:lking my selcttion. A floor plan can't really bc
louk
ar a single
component
For mc, there arc several criteria.
of housing.
The project by Tjaarda Mces in Spinozastraat has
:1!l.inrcrcsting floor plan, partly because an unusual .)ro mmmchasbeen realized in cooperation with a pri v:1te c icnr. t ls a stll io (\Vcl ingon a slig t y morespa eiolls Pi at, with an apartment above and a roof terrace. with a penthouse. By Contra st,
l
have chosen the noor
planby HenkRTunder in the housing block in Osdorp
pkin in order to show that high-rise housing is being developed in
S"bs"I>,,·,J rc",�J, Cb",& Ka.",
v 94
Amsterdam
and how this is done. The
floor plan ' itself is pcrhaps not really unusual, but
J).jl",,·rdrc-d.
I didn't think that W<1S of overriding importance in this
case.
95
saddJed with in their design for Sporenhurg. I think
As a result, a considerable depth could be created and a
there. In the scheme for Dc Mirandalaan by Bruno
1'ion dwellings
Albert :1 similar angle has been used to,reatc a dL1matie ba!cony!which is of great v;tfue 10 borh th�l!QE!.r Ian and the exteri&." The corner dwellings designed by
I
Salman are partly determined by thc existing situation.
toggia wirh extra height. That is realJy stunning. In the
Adame Melier d'Architecrure et d'Urbanisme for the
tl
Noordcrhof project in Slotcrmeer are also unusual and ..i llIc resri ng because of rhe anglt.S. The li\'ing room with court of the bl oc ks. There
lS also a crazy a n"gle i n the
floor plan for Noordkaap ty Van Sambeck & Van
Vecno Fantasti.: i t
retreat to, awav
i.:fcatcs imi1l1;lCY;
rom the hard wor
the kitchen andYOllrCllp ofcoffcc.
(
a
'm
lace
can
outside, dose tO
The deep dwellings on Borneo are stunning. Sec, for
eX:lInple, the deSign by Tupker & Van der Neur with ils
long living room-cum-kitchen/dining area. Here, you
ex erience the enormous de'rh of the plot. Such a
dwellin ' is ver
xcitin ' because '
.
a most cave-like.
However, it IS im ortant tha t the oecu };mt
as
ati
.and ;l arge roof terrace. On Sporenburg, Christi,Hl
designed a ground:'acccsscd dwel1ing. To reach the roof rerr:1ce:you h,we tO c1amber over an exterlQf Rapp
stalrcase, past a small balcol1Y. Quitc a blzarre dwclllng in fact. The dwelling
il), '\iJii on
Sporenhurg is a reat
..sin 'c�person dwelJin ' a one-room dwcllin
..own exterior unusual t
SIP'2S I
cs arc bein
Ihe housing smck.
�
with its
rhin' il's fanlastic that such . t. The' "rin ' variation into
)
hy Claus &
Kaan in Amsterdam
Zutdoost, rhc architects have pul1ed our all the STOpS for .
lhe sake of effect� These are small blocks of f1ats with
..
only two dwellings pcr SfOrey,
\ybich are also a
sort of
�rracc flat. The pear-shaped perimerer takes a bil of racrivel ' getting used to perhaps, bm the s aces arc arranged around rhe ccmral access. The floor plan is
�m mcd wilh exciting rhings which make for pleasalll
open kirchen is angled and orientaled towards the inner
.
K()rher &
The floor plans in thc l .iglu racmry
a "e, or exampk., Ihe aeute ang e D J( V were
the}' de:llt with it very successfully by creating a void
\
hr
(n m), view,crazy an les alwa s make a floor plan inter
esung.
(
\ )
living.
I atso think it is im )orrant that people are ins ired fO give t leir home an in d i vi ua I, i iosyncrntic touch. A " fl oor lan shou ld have a SOrt of recalcitrancc, a Je 'fee of diHicll!t whic l proll1pts t e oecu ants t 100 for . persona I soIUflons, SO I at t e thmk ahour how the
�. live
..
in t lC dwelling, when' t e
ivin
area
v.. - , I 7 .�.'
should be and where the)'want to sleep. A really good
floor plan nOt Qnly slimula(es you lO ask sm:h qucs;
tions, it alsoprov ides room for differem answers. I
The floor pbn for KromboornssloO[ has heen de
s ign ed by De Binnenst
dwelling for this extrcmcly srnal
p ot
2
s ua
e
metres) was almost a mission impos.� ible Nevertheless, . thc archItects ha ve su ceeded i n creating a dwelling
c
with a double door ar the entrance, a small [(lOfrerracc
and
even a small \'Qid�h gives risc ro a certain I
spatia1ity_ l n (he IJ-tort�11 on Oostelijke Handelskade hy
Neutelings Riedijk, Ihe mOSt interesting floor plans arc
those situated where
pieces 97
of the tower have been
J
gouged out in order tO give ir ex pression . These dwell
Van Sam beek & Van Veen bt.:f.'Hlse of thc space that continues :llI the way rO\1l1d. The bed rQoJl l has been . rhe1i� n g room such that the n{)n('d i!}:I.e:k
us
i ngs
�
\l..1111s11al, for example, beca e of the terrace ,:..vhich is (WO ston:ys h igh , so [hJf thc living room a n d the hedrooms look Out omu ir. Gcnera.rly speaking, I think thar an 3 rchitecr who has to do something ou t of the ordinary because of th c external cin:umsr:lIlces s hou ld scize the opportu n i y with both hands, so that extra q u a l iti es c.:1I1 ar i se our of sccm ingl y limiting (.:011-
t
J
Tbc floor plan by H:lns Wagner for a l u xu ry apart
ment' 011 De Lairessestraat is al most in a catcgory of irs own. Thc programme for thi s dwcllin is rcally ch iC' [his is \Vita lar 'e d we III should 100 I e. Cees
ditions.
With regard to thc rcdevelopment uf the CraansiJo,
a former grain warehouse, by Van Srigr, l
Dam s
Jltyeen.!.l.!QJcsQllm
�
�
's
l
..--
,
,
Hoogveld, Dc Kat are rather thin on the ground, which
is why the project caught my eye. Ir is a semi-detachcd d ri ve-in d we I l i ng. The floor lan is sur )ris ing for
exarn le, because of the kitchen on the 'round floor aroun a voi(, wb ic esta ) ishes a direct relationship .. with [he living room on [he firST floor. The orientation ro th c
side is also exci ti n
results
a dwelI i ng i n W ICh the a og.le is sp a r i"lh' important. I have also ch o en thc floor plan of a dwelJingon E;kellweg hy
s
because it
De
�(:,
oor pl an for the lUXUf}' we mgs 011 Omv:ll is hasel.! on a less hlxllrious progr:lmme. l xury deriv(:s from the form . I per' a l lv \ HJid h :lVC liked to metres in tbe circular layout. I t un . il i s a shame that there is so much quibbling3l';our mi l li merres. such quibbling is, howevl'r, ch ara ctt.:ri sri c of the floor plans produced i n the period 1 995-96. Tod.lY, bv contrast )eople :lre prepared lO pay more for we mgs W le are eXC1tlng and ave an clement of drama.
e
( II
e
-
"'iiOn,..
can bc brief. I t h i n k ir's absolmelv brillianr how the architects have mal�;;eato crea t a�r:lctjve dwellin '5 in the 4 x 4 mod u e Imposed by thc sha ts o t e ori ill;1[ huj ( mg. lC VDi( in some nf t hem was T1 �CeSSa[)' beca u se t e store}' "<"height i s rather low. 1 emphasi ze this because VOIds arc s: i m prneti cal ; the do n ot eOUll as s nare m etres when to se ling the...propeny. However, in reHlrn you do get a li vi ng expencnce. which in my view is I cxtremely import IH. T ey are communication zones tli'7iTen :r h oc(;u a n ts 11 � ff cnt floors (o lave vlsua 1 . . C()nt ro.re!11
r
need
partition ) \Veen them not )e perma nen t . I have a " 's t e o n u tra floor pre 1 ection for whie t e Ol'C llpa nrS can org:.mizt: themselves as regards�
in
99 -
u
�title!·
t.:mll1l-oo.,ms.lo
B",,) Ih I\"m
v
G
Swdi".ma,\.:n s
Spmo.... / 'traal. Tia,,,da Mno<
'"
"
•
�I\
. \ 1 r-
L�
•
l/
•
L
,
,.�
/
•
(J)
....·,,1 ... ,,"mnl" "D., G,aan,ilo""
.\!a,ht ..-<;IO'OW"u-oo;,·UPIl-d,
\,\'<,,,",,I,,k,,J'jk"
[ihn,,","!;,
V'II'�I'gt
Van Samb<"l &. v,," v"",
l O.!.
, 03
, i
r
-,
•
\
I
L::o
1 ,J
L-
"C
�
/
�larke,�tI)r n''''fd, SW1Jrnunb,kIR.j.H. Fonu),npi(111. Turk.. & V:"' del N""
v J
Oj
...,
,
-
,
%
'"
�
.J
n
�j
MMkt" ...·"'or uwnn·"".-"p;...t 'n.: l\"""lka.• p·. POn1""U,"'aal. Va" 5"",h"ck & \':111 V"",,
v
I O{;
8
,\b,kM-=lor own<·r-o,x"l',�d. "lj-fO'""" O""dijk.·1 bmdc1sbde.
l"",,,ci'nf:' Ri.d'l.
I
; :.
·. · ·
. .
.
'
1"-
\-- �
'>\ /
M
I�=� Ifj I
'"
· ··· , -'
" .
I Vj
••
�I
�
. 0R
J
109
�
l
h
II
rl ;� I
f--'- . ' I "
� I.
CD
•
Mlciai re''trd,
Vali dtr Ile")I;eI�1ra�l. M\"�r.:h"e.:lUur J l ]O
f:1 "brkel Iie<,t"r owncr "",cup,,�I, 'LIpuraCIO') ·, Slmerbdt. KOlh�f& Salman
� E=t= ;
fl
:I� -l=
8 , "
•
«---J
II
•
l
•
I
i-
(
(
l5 .-- _ (j) ' "
J 113
,
-"
e
CD
Mark"' ""'lOr ownu -.. " . ... O,ma ·[
Crt. Dam
"5
"4 •
, W....pcrziid.:.
ucn,!"c".
,
r
i':It1
-
" -
,
4T II
�
"-
,
e
,
===
'
lli
--
--.,
8
l
�-
("
,
.\brhl""-""" own�r-oc(upl<'d.
·J,·,,�,II.nJ·.
G..l_ Sci>cIJ,lttrwrglB!]ik,t'''CTT".." d'lk. "
Dc I" t\�. Hoof:vdd. rh, Kal
v
8
)To\ark<"f-""lO' own.r-OC�uI'it
'Nuv,dcrhof,
Alia,,.,.
v
L.. "--
"I
l
\
I
�1 '8
SUbs,dizN "Wnf' oc�upi,·d.
.�·I"�"or·. Osdmppkm,
Klon..!",
/f
�� J
(J)
��:��'��1,,:;:','·�r(:;����:"l'ad. Cla"..-n
II9
K.""
I
',,-
I '
8 +
! �++/J'
Dwd1ing with su.!:•.,..
,ub"Ji,.d o....n.r-'-"cup,,�l . Soci,,,, ach""!ra�l, n �\' Arch".kten
G E H A R D A N I ) E R I E � I; N
ln the housing production for T996/97. (he cm hasis
Jln fortun atcl y, IS on rather cramped three-room dwell
l
in gs.
I t h i nk it is important to build more spacious
�cll ings.
ln the ei 'hties, ma ny new dwclling types
wc rcdesigned with smaller floor plans, organize , or
""example, a rou ndthe sanitar co . And there are also larger OllSC o ds wah children who would l i ke to sta y in the city. There arc nOt enough dwellings available for these groups. Leafing through the hook by the city's housing department, I gradually sh ifred the emphasis from spa ciousness to s atiality in III st::Icction of floo r )Ians. Peo le need a sli ' t ' i 'er p lace to li ve, bur thcy also nee the experience of space. II yet many dwel lings
_
Developments get hogged down in
a
now ourmoded
genre, namely thar of social housing. In the ni11<..'(i(s, i n l
L3
�
The floor pian by Boparai for Krijn l\reursrraat is spacious. hur it would have been berter i f there had been more doors to thc baleony and if part of the wall
thc field of archilc(.'wrc and urban planning there was
enormOll$ progress in many respects a n d budgetary
1{
freedom increased, �lI1d yet thc quality. of floor plans hasdiminishcd. I'her(' a rc ofcourse exceptions. S1,!fh a superhex [ er� lor space as in ( l . or bu b ' Mecanoofor Brouwcrs gracII can rc lace rt ga rd en. Ir is pa rtic ul arl y a n advant age if, :lS lere, rlete IS a dose con n ecti on with tbc dwelling. The floor bil is moreover very flexible, very . anrawvc i n dee . 't Mag-cr-zijn, a rc eve opment pro ject hy C A S A ArchilccrCI1 , is full Qf surprising spa ces. Some of them acc very high and have a nlCZZ:ll lne. Ihe inte r ior
COnt7l1!lS
1
between the living room and the ad j acent room had
b("cn
rt
•
_
f::a�'J(le.
The hOllsing produttion for T99 61':J 7 includes many plans for 13orneo-Sporenburg, t\\-"o peninsulas in Oosrcl iik I-Iavcngebied. Hcrc, new dwelling types \Vcrc
an assortment of spaces and yet ir is
paSS:lgcW;lY which leads directly to rhe public
are:l outside. ln Bob van
Rccrh's
expcrimcnrcd with, which is very cxciting because the
rcsulrs arc ofren of a high quality. The floor plan h>, .\1 irallcs for housing on Borneo-eiland is very dif trom what wc are L1sed to and so will nor ::appeal ro cver 'onc. Thc layout is not only very spa cio us - scc t e ang e which creates a surprising visual effccr
floor plan for the Vinkhoek,
�
(
lS
of oors ,md sl iding wa s. _ hc spaces, including a sun · oo m, imerpenclrarc in aple asi n g way. ln the floor pl an
al so r('suhs in a grea t many "Mied "residual s aces ', whic l can eput to a sorts of uses. Thc roof lerraC(' in the floor plan by Cbus & Kaan for housing 011 S poren burg is of course very pleasanr, because despite the hi ,h hOLI sing dens i ty, the occupanr here has private extcrior space. e we mg IS rea )' a 1'::atIO unga ow ln the IllIddle of the city. The adjoining roOIllS de::arly acqu rc extra quality because of rhe patio. The design b)' Meyer & Van Scho()[en for De Vlag
by Reinder Nw.1 for Knooppunt. V.·UiOllS spaces are intcn:onnectcd by means of vo ids the front and rcar of Ihe dwelling. 1..his is a relaxed floor pbn whichca o l ind a loh d wcll in g. The o ccll ant h as I slderable freedom of choice in l"C iding ow to use the space. Dc Vrolikebk by M 3 1 1 works very well spatially. The fIoor plan is pleasingly simple and convenienrly organized ,
;;;
llJ
i
the halls are reasonably spacious. The sliding doors to
t
-it
Bnrie fČrcl1I
hOllsing for the elderly in thc social rental sector, there
are man sXKCS which C;ln bc in terconnected by mea
sl iding wall. This floor plan is quirc good, hur ::a
a vcry large space can be crcated. The inblli1r loggia, morcover, ;-tdds a lot more qualit}' than a halcony on the
clearly orgnnized. ln thc dwellings on the ground floor the rc is
a
few itHcrvenrions wou ld make ir more pleasant lO live in. A pl us poinr of the floor plan by Bui js & Pcterse for De Ivi::a mmoet is that it is so flexible. If so desired, by removing rlle wal1 6erween the two aajacent bed rooms
the balcony on thc upper floor are a pleasant luxury
gen has a very long loggia onro which fOlJr rooms open
and another plus point is that you enter as it were from
Olit. Unforrunan:ly, however, herc too therc arc not
the buck, via the kirchen.
U5
I. !.4 ft
�
1 ,),) 61') 7
enough doors so that you can't make good use of the loggia from all the rooms. Thar i s a pity because the dwclling itself is very simple: ir's the loggia rhal makes ir exciting. In the noor plan by Marlies Rohmer for Dl' Vlaggen, by COnfraSI, you can circulate frecly. Herc, there i s a good relationship with rhe exrerior space,
l
,.
The unusual choice of forms is nor only i mport:l1lr for the archirecrural expression, but il also makes the dwellings spatially more inreresting. Baneke, Van der Hocvcn designed a floor plan for Koningin \X/ilhel· minaplein with a lor of more or less open space which can he subdivided as required, a sizeable loggia and a large hall. Unfonunatcly however, this, too, is a three· room dwclling. An importani poim is that there are not enough exciting six-room dwellings. The urban family with children W�lS neglccted for many years; everyone assumed rhar th i s group would find accommodation outside the ciry. Duni income families with children also need a lot of space, because as well as bedrooms for the children, thcy usually need one or two srudies. Funhermore, individualiznrion may well result in an increase in single·pcrson households, hUl il will never he [he case that this group will not wam relationships . l ' in·lc is not a ermanenr Sla[uS' with others. there is conswnr change, wlieh is also why we need
sjx1Ciolls and nexihle dwellings. Four rooms instead o[ threc; rhat would bc a considerable i mprovement.
�" thirries dwellings, with lots of movable com ponents, are ideal.
(1\ \.J
"'3,lc,·<.«
fI"",,,�,,p.rdCh!,
v 1 1.6
1 27
l
J
I
L
')')61'J7
I
r
•
I
•
jjjjfrf
"4
""'\
�
Lli - J
I
,
1
�
2j
�
III
�
--
I
'\ �
�'dl rented hou.mgtorth.'ddtri)', 'I). Vinkh,,"k', Dd w,,,bd.IKJnk"""ol,JI, Bob ,',Tl R""th",liM V,'" N,l, Hobl.,�,
,\brkct·".,,1or "..'''"r-o..-cul'i�d.
" , \bg-t'r-,ij"" W,,,�,,or�,,pl�i", ':A 'A ",d,i'("I<"
Van I l ,,,,l
129
ft
1 9961')7
\
•
�
1' l i 1 \
-
I
B51iE -
8
:'lark�f ....noroWncf-1l(CUp'N, 'Hrt Knooppullf', (;"...<1 �·Iincksfr�al,
K.md.rNuM
J , lO
�� -
�
[
,
J
['-
D
� �.
��, ,
r- c]
-
M.fk�I-""[Or own{'f-f>ccup,.d,
'rk Vtolik< [,k', V",ilk.'lrJJI, "1 H �"h""':IU"f
-l" !". .
r" ,
I __
",("" -, .�
--;,..-�==--
8
- ----
"hrht ..".,,, "w",·r·""c"p;�d.
"Dt-.\\J"''''''''''. 'UT1l'l'�'trUt,
BU'I>& [".".""
IJ2
CD
:'brh,-"""" or(Owner O(,"p""I. s.:hee�,;","'�r"'Jnl'rJa'.
E.M" .IlL"'& II. hgl'ab",'
,
f
lIJI±
.... -
�I .l':;l;l1 1-
·
,
�
LJ
,
_
--cc
.-:.. J
CD r
/ TH
"
>Cul ,cmcd.
....
'''''in HrCUrslr�"!, IJ.op.ua.
II
! 'I
!
J
-
I
I -,_
l�
,
----r-
l
Jj ,
•
8
Mar�ct'''''!':
...
.nd � rr"",,"t.lIg,.
..
,\13.h,-«<{or o"-r"-,,,-occupl�d. "Ik Vbgg�n', '_dd"!\;,,ntt,hof, _\hrli�, Rohm.-r
M(\"Cr & V: , -..;h""h!"
,)6
, 37
L 1 E S B E T I I V,\N D L R I' O L
v
',','
I , ,
ii
,\n
important aspect i n my view is the way the user
1 l 10V�HO\lgh a d\Vclling. Thc dwelling should be air}'
,1I\ds aCIDUS sofliii t YOLl can move afound freely in it. :lny o t lC
oor p a!lS
lave c losen s ow a strong
ordering a bi l ity. l rhink it is a very fine collection from which l can draw itlspirarionj these are fOf the most
P,lrt good solutions, which I find fascinating and srimu
I.l ting . Generally speaking, though, all of thc spaces arc 100
small. t\'loreover, there is not a single, really spa
Cl()US carcass dwclling.
The design by Herder & Van der Neut for Nieuwe
k.erksrraat is really a tyrant dwelling, but herc ir has
hccn superbly worked oU(. It is a real architects' design;
)tou ean scaredy fir a ClIpboard or a three-piece suite in
CD
without spoiling the dweIling. The sem!aliryis limited_ "lar�el·"'Xlor o,",rlc.-<>«:upied, I\Orl"'i:'" \x ,lhdm",aple,n.
i;Jnckc. Van dcr Hot'-en
J
IlIId fragile, hciDgdependent on the long wal l. Thar is
®y I Jill an oppol1(::nr of dwellings with a core in the 1 1 1 1ddle. Is it nor based on an idćc fixe and isn't it often
lIluch better to pl ace thc core against one of thc walls? , )9
tl
I he (Joor plan hy 1\'13 1 1 for De Vrolike Eik flaps abom, .1' II were. A corcdw('lling is often an ubstacle dwclling, hill I hi, one i<; :tIl right because of the large dimensions. I (111 1 1(,1\ floor plan for Bella mystraar hasn'rgor a core.
hUl r.uha an op('n space in th(' middle. And you sel� ,lr.lIghtaw:ty that Ihis princi pl e is far more pleasing. "' "ddel l iy there is a hOM of di:tgonal connections, and a, ("'-Cllp.1ll1 here YOLl c:tn fit your cupboards in. That'., IlllPI)rf:tnt, hur architects give br too little thoughr to ir. I ll.:)' often overlook the pr.tetical and experiential
\ . 1 Ille and forget how important ir is for members of rhc
11IHI,ehold to have contrH.:r with cach other i n the dwcll
Illg. The tloor plan of the dwellings in Willemsstraat b}
�
l{einJer :'-Just is an example of how ir should be donc. I kre the corc has bccn left o en, whi . tll len ( an optical conn ction Wlt 1 the space. h, , mze JagoIla s. ht';lLI \ }
There arc o cour Ille spacious floor plans. The de,ign for Tweede Leliedwarsstraaf b}' Kerssen Lijber� i' .1 complete house and nice and wide. And who is nOI 'l1rprised when they see the floor plan of the villa b�
OIJ
in an inner court on Plantage Muidcrgrachr? Thl' vili., io; superbly orga nized . It is no eas}' task to produce .\ �o()d design when there are ample resources avail l
l hle. rv1an}, architects gCt it wrong then. The design Ln
.
Cl.ws & Ka;lIl for the Kalenderpanden is really bi�. Evcrything has been taurly organized around tilt" entrancc. Ir is a pity that this large dwclling is a renova tion project, not a trend-setting new-build project. Rob Krier's design for thc Meander i s md� P:llladian, al tho ugh the li vi ng room is really a hall. Thh IIlt('rpretatiotl is superb. Ir is an interesting floor plan. ' 40
parrly because of the queer angles. It is clearly the work of a foreigncr, because wc Dutch don 't have the nerve tO position a wall obliquel}'. The de.!.ign b}' for the water dwellings in De Aker is fl very old-fa sl ' e 's ver}' com forr -1hrou�h-[Ilom' dw
'�
r �its pla�. I�ct. it IS rl n.ine. teenth-cemurv floor bn, s i mplified well orgamzed
a �e, sve y'!" hin
,
a n anractive; it radiat ui.ility. e oor p an o the dwellings hy Jianho Kwa for [he WG site has to be scen wgether with (he double height. We ought ro do OUf best to produce more of this type, bur ir is made difficult for us, partly because of the
regulations. This design is a cU[ above many other dwellings 'lS n:g;1rds spatiality and sltnpliClty. Hats off! I also like the"'pro ect b nbeek & Van Veen i n Tweede Oostcrparkstraat. This, too, is organized around an opell space, giving rise to a host..Df diagonal s ariai ;1nd functional connections. And what's more, il is fitte into fl strict 'arclItecturai' order. This floor
l
�
plan is a delight for architects and occupants. Rudy Uytenhaak's work is remarkahI}' inconsislenr. ln Ihe floor plan for Servaes Nourstraat, the spaciou.!. hall provides a digl1ified reception; this is a dwelling
yOIl rea ll}' can rerurn to proudl}'. The man}' doors make cxeiting sp'Hial connections possible. However, when 1 look at Uytenhaak 's floor plan for Feike de Boerlaan, l rea lly think he should go on holiday. The rouring t hroligh the dwelling is a toftUOUS Circuit i n rhe dark.
Vou h:lVe to pass through a �ort of broom cupboard if ) 011 wam to go upstairs. And ar (he top of [he stair� }'OU walk straight into a blind wall. Everything is �mall ;lIld l'nt1osed; this is si !ll pl}' no good. '4 '
�I
Pcrhaps it is p a rd y due to the urban design scl1l"1I1< Jkc:wse i f tha t forces }'ou to design floor pJans i n wb" J I peopl e have to enter their horne v i a a space meaSlII I l i j', one metre square, then something s wrong. Ho\\ n < I. other architects have made a belfer job of ir. The II. , , ' I p lan by..b;1 VR !)� for Borneo is unusual because II I' '
I \
exrremcly l ong and Ilarraw. J think this is rl good dt'''I�:11 in pranice, because the narrowness is repeatedl), 11111'1 rll ted by rotrusions alon ' the wid h of thc dw 1 1 l !J'" wlt 1 a voi and a roof terrace, lt works really \\t l l , precisel y because of the extreme dimensions. l ili"
design by Heren 5 for Borneo is a coredwc11ing, but , I m one i s extremcly long and therefore fascmalllll: Bc<:aL1se there arc angles in the floor plan you call t i t your c upboards in withol1t spoiling th e intended "1', 1 tia l effect. Thc dimcnsions of thc section where ) U I I enter the dwelling arc again far toO small, bur hen' \hl\ is compensated for by (he enormous space elsewhcH' III the dwelling. The floor p lan by Hohne & Rapp for Borneo h,1\ cxtreme dimensions ;:md yet is has considerable tr,111
quiI1it}'. The staircase i s large, and a tre:l( a waits rOli I I you go ups(:lirs. This i s really superb, a classic, a fir�1 class design. It has a marvcUol1s sense of spaciol1�m'�� together with a strict and ordcrl)I layout. It revcal� .1 cenain fascination, an obsession, a n d yt.·r ir must hl' ,I
'I
del i ght to li ve in. This i� how it shou ld bc donc!
cf) '4'
/I.fa'k,-,·"",IO' Q"'He"
oc,;"pll'd.
\'(',ll,'IIIs.>IfJaT. R�,",kr"'u"
v
,� � ...."".,
/ffi
�"ll �N \'-- l
I
�
,
u
"---
(l'
\� j
v ' 44
1 45
J
" ldrkct-,,·UI Ir Cm ,""-<>eo:ut>,�d,
'l(aknd"'l,,,,,Je,,'. I:'n'repo{dok, CI.",en l(,,,,n
' 47
-
-:=-
�
r
-
-
;'
, � ,:,," .. ,
-
->
'�
1 T --,, 1-+-
�I
__
,
. "
"
.
- . [� '\
�
\I;'jjjjJ
�
,.==-8
;\brk�1 5«1orO""nn OCruPIM.
'I)� Mum:kr.. VJn Hall.traat.
ItvbKncr& Cllmioph Kohl
=
J
1>brki"t-,,--elorownCf ........
wnhwurb!",cr.
"l',�d
Tw,",..Jc(:(�"fdnl1l" 1 1"',ltCI1<;OIUJI.
JMl1huK"a
R
1"
!ooll,h" ""'lo, 0" nU-<>CLUp,eJ.
�lal ",lfCJ for th, · dd�rl)',
Ton Hol
Rudrl)y.enhaak
&l!dm)'ma�l,
, 50
�fVa.><;Nou"".al,
1;1;17/,) :-1
19971911
, I
"-
.
�..
•
,
�
mj t:t!J
:
\
...
,
o=ci
.
, "
"
iili · l
-
�
. -
�
eJ
- -
fIn .
-
, 1JJ1111
*
'52
,
--
l
t
j
--
l
r
'=+
I_
1 1-
,",
'+m
,. , --
I.:.
I�
.
t-
.
�
-
. _.
tj
•
•
0'
' �-,
t
lj
II I
�
I
.1 _ Dt
•
+--"-JI ,A)-�� -�� I�:n�
�
(--"\ >--�� ----<
L--==t
�.lnt'�"ho:...tuide,!!r,c-h Pm'.l\<'
me,
J T l .,d,j'cc{en
, 5J
V
1,
l --
I
,
I
I -
I
-
+
•
I�;'
"
'1'
, tl��.,-L<
.0
J 1 [.
-
, ' 1/-
-
.
l C.
2
•
.
=
'Ji'-
:--]
1 54
J
J
'55
'
,tT j,
1'
�r
[ ;-
t
I
- .-
I
I , 1, .�-�
,
•
';"-"
I II
i
(
;'\\
r; 1-'-.
.
'
-
18
,
I_ � -
nj
-
'r
I
�
-.:::-
�'l:i '
------=-
.-
.
.
)
j
�k
.
(])
I'rinrchou,"".
:..:h" T'" ",,,nerm'" .{,ut. Huh",- & Ihpp
' 57
J J ���1
�
.......
tT
L-
1:tI ' ,lli .
l
'
"
"
I (
J
rfl
(
,,---r-(O , )/
.
�..
CD
J
v
1 59
i
liii.I-=liiip.-c= � -
- -- - -
- �
�
. . �!
-IIII I
o o
I
I
8 1 60
v
,
,
I Muhr ,(:"""own�r l"."P...d. Sdullin;;dijk. I'.n;;r."" .'\,dlfrd,"·!l
1 61
STATE OF A F F A I H S
Schulze & Van Dijk have joined together three existing buildings on Prinscngrachr in an unusual ro·cct that shows creariyiry. [n particular the wide dwcl l i ng o n the floor, in which the rooms are inrercollnecred and d raped around a spacious enrrance hall, is yer )' exciting. This i s als o because there are.-nyo focal pojn!; in the dwcll�h.sliving room and rhc Jarge d i n i ng rOOlll. In this floor plan, members of the household �neet but rhcy can also avoid each other if need bc! IGerard A n deri esenl ln [he Narwal proj ect by F A R O , spatially superb
�d
.
m ini units have been combined with a balanced maxi
versi on These dwelli�are exuemcly fle i ble a.!ld )'et �y [he�nit This scheme shows thar :.. -
x
.
m a k.illg tllCio il"i)S[ f the ava ilable space can resuh in very e ffecti ve solutions. Ir i s good to see a H A T un i t (for one or two persons) again; students and other young people wa nt tO have an aHracrive place to li ve too. ILie�berh van der Poll , 6J
I
•
plan by M V it lJV for the Silodam proj ect i� ry unusual for :l loft orliving/work ::lu.:ommodatioTl
The floor \'l'
10
he realized in new-build. A stri ki n g feature is the hrea dthways orientation in which the heavy srabilizing l'On<;lrUClion forms as it were a screen bl'twccn thc opcn living/work Sp:lCC and the glazed b\ade. I Dick van
.
C ;;lnlCren!
The floor pl a n by Dicner & Diener for th e I- Ioogwer ! project ' in n ava tive bcc<1use chere is no hieran.:h ; thl' design is who lly 'earec! to cxibility in use. There arl' (Inc ou te Iy super visual e eC(s an spatial relarion., h ips in this dwclling. rt-Ian Michel] This floor plan i., q u ite strikin : the traditiona I la your w ith a hierarchy in the size of th e rOOI11S has heen a la n once ; t e s pacn for l i ving, working and s leep ing arc the same size and are completely interchangeable. l D G J - Rudy Uytenhaak's Hoop Liefde Fortllin project is an ingenious stack ing of four large dwellings in which cach dwelling has a from door at ground level. A� thc vertical connections add nothing tO the dwellings sp::lti::llly, one wonders whether a porch access might
)
notbcmoreeffcctivc· I D Gl
dwelling type with central corridor in thl' Cie. h::ls a simple lay out but provides considerable flcxibiliry as regards use. If the short section 011 thc corridor is used as a bedroom, The
B::lravia project by de Architekten
the long srorey is then completely free for othcr func·
tinns. rH!.!1
by de A rch i rekten Cic. is :1 va rian ! on {he corridor type. Thc diversity of floor pbns within the building is greater than is usual wi th this ::lccess s),stem and attenrion has ::lIl>o been given ro The project Baravia
orientation. In order ro chll"idare this, I have chosen two floor plans from the project. The corridor dwel li ng i s reinterpreted in this project. IVer::l YanovshtchinskY I The corner dwelling ill thc Rotonde pro ject by archi rect Franz Demblin is more or less a combination of the Tropenpum and the Water"l.uiveringsrrommel. You live in these floor plans, as in a doniQ !l ... �· u:.o.r. ding to the mono ' m y home is 111 ca ' Pcople quite often live accor mg to this motto in dct:Iched IlOlIses. You can do so herc tOO, because happily something unusual has been permi tted at the corner of a bloc:k. IFer FcldcrJ l n the renovation project for Lederambadltstraat by Van Sch::lgcn Architecren, dwellings have been joined together in an exempbry m::lnner. Given rhe situation in the block in Osdorp, r his is an optimu m result which has produced a very comfort::lble large dwelling. IGAJ ln the project for Dc Aker hy Wing<.'nder Hovcnier an i ngeniau s solution has been found for a familiar problem, namely how ro accommodate a complete dwelling programme and storage spaccs within a lim ited module. Because the storage spaces here have been placed ::llrernateiy at thc front and the rear of thc block, thc dIstinction between front and back has been down played in conformity with rhc programme. j v v ] The floor plan by Van Gameren & Mastcnbroek for the Watcrzuiveringstrommci, designed for the interior of a former sewage pu r ificati on pbm, isquite ::l mazing! lt 'is the mOSt bizarre floor plan of the en t ire f 998 9 9 I d� forms curvcd an ovcrV1CW. I� ho� se7,T, qmr k y ",, ro� und ed ---��-r T.1 � � r; nrl �e,r� �� �� arc �h. Th�dt:sign {ircs the imaginarion.] I" l l The floor plan for Ganzenhocf Centre, tO:l design by Kees Christiaanse, will bc a delight to li\'e in. Note the .
r
rl
r
65
"unkcT1 ki tchcn "nJ thc indirect re lations hi p between
(hc living room and the rear section. The interreimion "hips within thc dwellingare spatially superb. lL!') Ouinkcr. Van der Torrc's floor pbns for the Groene \'et'n,>cherlll are balanced, flexible and - partly because o{the vo jd -�cly anractive. [•. 1') IheTropenpunthyErickV:ln Egeraat contains floor pbm. wirh markcdly long fa,adc surfaces and a magni (iccm view of a bC(l l1tiful section of the starcly Maurits kade. Large qu:ltuities of glass have been used Ul rhl" tH;ades, affording a good view of the SHeet below. ll" l·J The project by Lafour & \XIijk for Park De Meer is one of the few examples from '998-99 i n which differ entiation has been sought in an open location. Small i nterventi ons, such as the inward-juning balconies and s pa ces which respond (o each other, neate a sense of spaciousness. This is a commendable .mem pt to avoid predicrab le pokiness. Ic. A 1 The scheme by Ze i nstra Van der Pol for Meerhuizen p lei n is a superb varianr of an access gallery. The floor lallS look sim le hm the are flexible as regards byout an use. Thc owncr-occupic wc mgs arc spacious, which is a good thing with a view ro their huure valuc. Rcgrcrtably, thc social rCllwl dwellings are smaller.
111 ,\\ ]
8 1 66
....j�1 .. r�nt�d.
(,ro{� Blchr"rr'.ll. 1.\lloArcllllc-.:;l<"1'
v
.1 I
\'�,l"'-=I()f O""o.,·o.·<·up,�J.
P';""'''Il,.."h(,
\chul,. & V�o LJLlk
J
v
-
w
1- -
"
:rr� --- -:
---
t:�
��
: :
lti=
..
(
\ -\
�
-
-
•
8
;\ I3rktr §t("!or own�r-o.:cupiffi.
'S,JoJ�m·. Wt.ttrdok>
v
.
n -
I- u --,
I
�
I
./
I
-'I", �
(' V
�tark'"'-<.OO,or owner,....\;" . I>ltd.
·lluog,,�rf.l\t'rn R""'pl.!m,,,,," ,
...
Di ,,,r & O.rnn
'7'
•
�L
G
Svelal H"mcJ, 'I loop l.1dJe Fom",,', II<""<'
RIJ.!)' tl�"·lIh.,"k
SocIal rcn"...J �nJ mark�t ......�"r ownn-<'><''''I',ed, ")Mrn""" I'Jn.m"b�n and 'UH"".I."t:" Je ,�,"h;I<,,'en C...
u
�' ,Jmr fi T , '0 - t,! - "': . I
�
' '
l
.[ I
CD
\
....,
(
, ,m ,
.\IJrk�I·S<'Cl()r own�r-ocrupjM.
"Satana', J'anamala...". ..k Arch!t�t'n Ci.,
' 74
.
�P .
I
�
-
f= ,
[�
I
,
CD
r
-
\
I
Social ,rnted anJ m",l<:I·""tor
ownr, ()(",ur,,·d. '1\",",-;,,",
IIorru·"laan.
Je Ar
'75
-l ('
,
� �.=:. t
tthOUS •
_L,/ I�� l �}�
\
8
...
;;
.
kc'->=or "Wl1�r-ou:"p'c<.l. 'Oe Kmon
/
-
,
I
e
,=
il
,
l
,
Ir
� '-,-'f*
CD
�L
So",al (emcJ.
lt
Vans<-h·!w"
v '77
j •
I
,�
I
'f: ,:' : �� t ,
.l
,
,
.--,, "
-+ J
I�
:'.iarhl·""" "r ownu....�ur'� �I,
'Dt: W�t.·rmi,erinl'!'!rommd •
Tr<'li�l" da�".
Th,; .-\rL'h"",,{enl!"'q'
/'
o
' [' r
IIDf 1
-
I
[II
I
=
� 1
-"
lo
•
� ,
-
I ��J.j
rT
<,o." alr�m...J, 'GJn'�·nh"ckc"'r"m·.
So.>;,al un!�d �nd'Ub:!;,dllffl <.Iwn�r "",upled, l\arra" ra,J.{.
!::\,rilkdred.
W",\:"nd.,.lloHmer
K�es Citri,,;. ".,.,
-I
>
.I '}')'t}/')')
-
-
r- l -
"1
l+
�
,
-� --
-
�.
�.
>(
•
•
I
R
+I
� LJr�CI'
J)uinkrr. VJn dfr lo[[r
•
�
-
BIIJm�rdrui.
-
••
�
·(''''�l1e'��n�h�rm·.
>
•
..
u,J
r ,
I
\\
�
l
•
r
.\1.>.l.;r'-=lOro",orr o.;(up.cxl.
' I roptnpu",·.Maum�kad,·.
torlel: ' ... 0 Eg<>r3d'
v , s,
1.':.0 1-4---,LJD_--I
I
( Jl� "
L
�
"brkt'1 "",wro"-,,," O
['ral,·,ban. 1."1(,,,,& \X';i�
G
I
_\larke!''''''lOr o"'"�r""",upl�.
KONel\'''''rhui�",rr�dl.
uJn",a Van d�r 1'01
S E L I : C T I : D (, L O O R P L A N S
Ik""o ,\ I he" . 'Dt
�I i,OI nd,,·. ",I"idi,,..! m'kJ hou
by: HomiLl)!(orpor..non
He! ()o<1en; de;;�,,, 1994' rC.J/'�rd
bv: Slokh, b,'. I I"",·n. , '1'J7
Ue ArchileC!engroer Rljnboun
KUII''''''J.", Hendrik> Von G,l m'-n'n
:\-\as
markt"{ ",,'Uo' ,,'nrcd h",,>m�,
IIl,ik>l"tnmn" pkill, p_ �� flo", Mea: , '7 Hl'. );"llc,) ; ,''''' "",-s"'''cld
"ilh DdtJ OnrwikkeliJ1g'gfoep.
,k Ar�hil,lt<'1' (:i,. II",i" "an l)",*e ni 'n",,,,i,,'. "",i,,1 ,c",ed "nd ",,,,ke[·
Dordrecht: dcstgn, 1'i�O; ,c�Ii:: .("d
l»)"� llouwt>tdrijiW",,,,b. Z"OSI. I 'i�'
,,:c" or , 'w"�'" .cc!] pied I",u,""g.
lI"rnenbanJDi,k Vr�ehns".la,. p. [75 I'l(K,r.Jf<·", i7 m'. corrido" <'Om "';55;Oll,·d by; [k Principa.. 1 with ....erb..,,,."h iX V..n NJm,'''' de"!:,,, [��8; ,("ali,e.} Iry: n",,, Bou,," Am,wf(iom hv. IOOO
J,. An:�it..lt,·n Ci". II",i" " olT ' Dnn)!enl . 'Ib[a,ia', ".ciJI "",ed , . nd mMker : 84 m'.comJor; cum ",i,,;olle.! by: Dl' Prln{'ipa,,1 with Kerbo...·h & V,,,, N"nKn; '!"si!;n, I ��X; "",/up,}
hy: D"m no"w ;\1",Il'rd,,,,, I", '-000
.\·lhl,·IlI",,,,k . \l"tke,-"""
nrowner
' '''CLJpl�d I"'LJ'i"�, ()e,'errad, 1'. 90 rino' ari''', I o� !ll'. corridor: com """
by: \\'ooJ1,rich,ingUe Kr)";
dc;'g": ' 9')4' reJ/;,rd i»),:
\:\olLwbedriJf 1\1.J. de Nij, iX 7n,
N.lda �reit",all ' ·Noorderhof.
"""ht "."ctorowner ()("lLp,ed b"""ng. A.J_ KropnoI1ersrf.l..t. p. 1 17 rt"or�'("il' 1 3 6 m'. �rO\lnd Jc-""""d: am",,,,,,,,,,e,J i,.y: II, ""illg "orpomtio" Het On""I!; dcsig": '995: realized by: Hille" &; I\o<)senb.-.A",,,,,d,,,,, [99X
fk Archm'<"I("1'g")<'P ){ijlll�)ull
R",j"!"I""'" I !cIlJ,ik, Von (;cltneren \t"'cnl\f(,,,1; . "uh,idited owner
,,<'cupied hOLJ,in)!, '>ch�h ish(�)fd. p, �2 F/"orarC(l: 7J "" .po"�d-"..n·,,,'d; wm"u";o,,ed l"y:GH uTl\wikh
Imp
rtl ,":xploitJti(·",""t",h"ppii
A,,,'nddlt; d">J!jn, I � � , : ,�a/i,,,d
il;"'ck,·.Van der Hoeven Ar(huek,," \\." ht-"x,mownn--o«:"p,e,1 1"""iH)I, K'lIliHgiH W'i1il("l!TliH�plcin. l' ' l �
H'�" "rI�" 9 \ "" , I"""� "<',,.S';
(,,,,,,,,;,;;(med /)1': Dc Princip""I;
d<,s;W" j 9')4; ,""kcd I,y: VC","""" 11""w b,"- Hoofddorp. '9�8
War!llrnh"i"'ll, I���
b,
I",:fk,,,w!,,,d,iii V"" Jcr (;,al\! h,',
'�"!"'IJ'. ",,,hHt"Clornwner
de Archirek"n Ci�. (Frit, ",ln Dongrn) · ·MyS,de·. 1lldrhr ",('{o,own", ,,,",cupied ho"''''g. Vl'cmbd('. p_ 5Y f/oo'Mca: l 08 m'. wrrido'; w"'· mimo",J bl': A,mtdhn.r V"'lg"".!; design: 1 'i�_1 ; rNlio"d I,},_ T,"r",,",,' bv.l lcih" '��j
,rUr�"ni,",e with Marc &
Ik.",h 1 1,,,k,, · �",i"1 n'nt",1 hOI"ing. &','·'''ikhtl'l�il', 1'. (" i-/(){)r,,'cJ: ' Z � "" , !�,,�h "C�l:'" wm",;;s;one.! hy: I lo",;nl\ corporation Om I\d"n�; desis": [994: reaked
',"O(),d-W'"'t.19�4
by: Imer'Jm
!Illii' & PCI<'''"i''''''e<,tiy John nuii
Architecten! . 'De M,"m11""'·.
Ill�rket-,eclor ow"..t-ne�upicJ
D,· Ardltl,·n...ng'ocp Riilll�JLJtt R",j,,,,,n.I.,,, 1 1en d,i k, V�II Ca,",{',"",
Je ,\,cililekten Lie. I Fm, ,.�n Uon"en I .
occupied housing, I'an�mal.ian. p. T '4 FI{){},�r,",,' 107 T1l'.wrridor:wm """10,,,,<1/,),, [)(' Pri""ip,,,,1 wi,h Kcroo"h &: V"" N"",",,; """ig'" ,��M; ,�"lizl'll li)': Du," !\U"" """,,,,d,,,,, b", 2000
by: .-\Ilmels"oo", cv
,\llame Auher d·i\r.:h"t"Clure rl
A"""ddil, ''i�4 De Archilecte")!fOep IDick '-an
\ .11' I\<',k,-I & flo. · Marke! s<"Ctor " w"cr-''''"''picd �ol1sin!;, 1'" ","'11,, k ""''''''11. 1'. 64
1 1'#Jfa,,,a: I I j !Tl'. grnUlld-��,c'''''d;
, "",,,,i,,';,,ned /'-'"
�Il,i,', J>.", w1"" I'l1 lh.-, I\e,'erwljk:de,ig", '99 t ; ,,·.•lized by: Smit's lJ.ouwhedriif b, . IIncrwljk. l�93
i\()USln)!,Sum.llra","", \ I-�"
p. , ) 2
N()(" "re�, I , � m'. gall,,}; "'''''
m;" wnedb,': Wonmgbedrili Am'tc,,"'m; de'i�": 1995; r("ahud by: H.-dde, Ilo"w b,-, I k",r�. r ��7
fCA ' A ard,it�",..n · "'t 1\1.'g-.-r-,ijTl·, Ilurk"·",,,!or own�r-occupie,j housi"�. W'a[er!nrenpleill. p. L '-X
/-loor.Jr".�: I I I 1TI'."rnund
.K"�s",d, (()mmi;s;(med i>}';Snchting 't -,jdg er'liin:
'/"";1[": I ��7' ml/,,_eti iiy: Coen
I 1""cd""", I�"",' 1;". I hli,." ", ''i��
Kee, cr",,,iaanile�" 1\
Plann", '(;anlenhoelcrm,u,n', II"", I)" Ilinn,·",r,d {N.J. K"'pcr) '
,,),:lal rented hnusing, El
I" "1'lIl);. Krom"",)"",I'�)1 11 . p_ ,oo
p, [ 8 1
\ \,' '"'''-,,:ctur Ow"cr-oceup",d
U. ""art"" 107 "!". ):rnu"d-ac"",,,,d;
i)y, lk lli" n�"""d b,·,
(,.,meren. I\prn< .\b,rmbrU<'k. with PJddy j'omrs�n. Leo dt· W,ntnl
, " "",,,<;i,,,,,'d
'Ue Water7.lIlwflng>r,ommd'.
Vrrtt'lman bv, 1996
d"Sll'.'I: 1994; re.J!;:ed1>)': I'i"
rioor �r�'" , H.8 !Tl',p
'"''''''''>$''''''''' by: H RG Vh!�u<'d b,-. Rii'wiil; d�li!;,,: I �9.\, tok
reali::ed iJ)': >< Hf: \X',,,,illg-l>,,uw hv.
"I",er�
",arke, "'<"Torow'l(·'·'-K�"pi!"d
ho,,>,,,!;, T"'lj"kM1",,,,, PI'_ jiS-l7? fl,"-" �,,'a: I 44 m', l�"cI, access: (ommis,m,,,,d l»)': lJ.ouwhednlf ,\1.J. de Nij, &: Ln. WarmenhulLen; Jc,';W" 1 999; rc.lliud IJy: Ilouw h"d,ijf I\.I.J, de Niis & Zn.
Warmenhlllun, '-coo
d l ('
,\r,·h""k"·,,b"r"�" llop",,, hUo>sing. ""I" llreLJ''''''"I,p_ ' > 5 i " Jm",cJ: � 1 "l', 1 �,,�h '''�"''; " ,,,,,,,iss;(mcd ,,),: DLml !I<)"w I\","erd.!nl bv wili> lIuild ing Sneiel)' 1(, ... hJ_,le; de
.•,,'",i.!lc, \< ",i" I '("I"cd
K..." ChmtlJ�nse Architect, &
PIJnne" . .\hrhr-""ctnr owner occupied ho"" ng. Van H" Il,trJ�'. p, 86 FIt.x>r.Jr�a: 101 m". [ofrIdar; wm,,,,ss;mwd ln': SrKhtiTlg
r""pl:m; ,!""!jn; I Y�-!' r/"llil",d
ity: ll;,uw-I",.J,iif �1"w, ,'''Tl
(;"lll hv. "mcr'('�"t.
I 'N�
� E l.r.C:TED
FLOOR PLANS
1':•..,5 Ch",,,,,.,,,,,, ,\"h" ",-1< & f'1�"nc..,, · SI"d,,,. ,uh<,d"ed remeti huu,,"g. Sum.llra�.1d�.p. ��
(/'"";J1I';J: , ' ! m'. J'Or.:h A«ns: UJ"""'"'
CJa"$�n Kaan Ar,hi,,,-,,.·,, . -'brle,·
['dn.mabdc.p. , q
riOO'J'f'tl; , \� 11I',jl.ffiund·"ccn...-d, ronrrl1l»rr",�'/li)';N�..· o<-al b,', d�..}:,,, ' 991: U.l/,�M"'·: \"Oi Lk
'/eJlt": '??l: ,eall udb)": Bou"
mmbm�nfJJ��·�,I�,,
1"<"""-.1 h"u,,"�. Ih""tn \\:',cr'''�r·
"r�"' II· ' o. p. f '
1'1""',,.....1: f'" m',,l:round J'�$!;('d: ",,,,,,,,,,,"',,.,/ h,·, Ilons'''1l
Ruli..,,,c. 19?':I
Crut & Ornz lA. C"I7� ' �u!'<;di,.eJ
rrnrcd hu,,'mg.J.... ,bd�. p. �'" Fioo':I'c,,: , ,- m'.porch"«"",,
rOll'.....s,,,""oIh)·: , '- H . H 1" . til",,,,:
d�s,�,,, ' '''94: .uli::edfo)": llou",
'
�orporAuon l'fwn df Ke}':
do,X": 19':11: .�,./lu"b)': G"�'ld',
ik>u""maJI!><:luPP;I I,, . ' 9':1 1
CIJUH" KJ;O" Aro.hO!l'clell ' �"b" d,-,.:J
r"n,�d h,,,,"n�. 1\'llmerdrcd.I). 9�
r"H"","'." '17 III', !:rounJ \ . "fSleJ: ,.,,,,,,,,;wi,,,c" /)),1 Ikit.' "'.. "\,m[�,dJm: d"s.;.:�: l ��4: 'MI.ud "," 1l<)IIlo,jW bv. AmSterdam. ,���
C«. O.lm & I'"mers IRob
EI��nhrood! . 'Ot Om",,!". mark,·,·
<;«10' owner ",,,,upi"d hUIl,ing. Wrr'JW17l1d,·. p. I ,
;-
rlV(,rar"�: t o.. nl'. I>o,ch acc�,,:
nJIIlm"-s,,mrd by: ()mv.l h,-:
"r.,w" '99�: re""�l'd/')': �Iokker bv. 1 1 ,,;I,on, '??7
Cb"' fn Kaan Ar.h..,·,,,·,, .
hanl CidUd,,,s Dembhn &
·K�kndcrpand",,·. " ,",rkcl';;ce,,,,
m..rkr,·,,-,- lO' """""'r-f",c"l';�d
OWn",·,;>« up.ed ho"'",,I:.
F"rr"l',�d,,� 1I"T·<)M. pp_ '�"'-1�7
Ho",,,,r.l: ,"'o m'. porch JeCf'S:
W3h�rC<"Tm'k . 'Dc ROl<>"dc"
hon..o", Slorc",..,..,rIHn. ,... '7'" fili'" "'�.J: 9- m'. jl.fo"nd·ac"�'led: mmm,.,;onN ",.: Ho""ng ,,,,,,,,,.,;on HM Oo.'en,
d�s'xn: 199-;rrJk :. ..d/ry: 1\o"...btdn)fJ.I". n..·"",.u,,k... h., WJrm<'TIhu"-,:,,. �OOO
CI�".c" Ka"" ,\",hnt-ucII ' ·P,on·
"un'''II-"'''. ,ul",d,�!"d o..ner·,,"uplcd huu�nll1-' (;ul
D,tner&D,cnc. Arch;Itkt�" . ·lloug",,·rI�. ma.lc,·=lor ,m n,'.oc.:up,cd hous;,,&.
�I" n Rur'plam"",,,. p. l �l
Hoo':"',J: JO} m ·. gall�ry;w"'·
m,uaucfb,·. Alkm�Jr;d($'W'" ..9 1: rr,u/zedb)': 1 .... 7
Iku Ro"" I",. AI�"""".
,,,iS$i,,,,�d b}': Am�,dland \'a"g'I'--.i; d�srK�' l\19 j. /o hto r.."hR,!
/"': Koopm�'" (Iou"-g"-",p
, HR
, . � \. A...h"�k!,·,, ID...h Tl(>bbch,,,.
1 1,·,nl.ll1 dc Ko'cI. p."IJ,· VTOInnl · 'u,..,.d,,,·d "..'n'·T·""'''I,,�d hnu\n,jI.. ....·"'.. "d"cr
H"",,,.�.J: , � � m·.jl.fOund·ac......."'d, ..,""mt>wmeJ1»': "'�'" 0<-31 h,':
'/"" 8'1: '99$:,..�I/:�dbv: "of D<.
II�Jh'�lIc. ''Iy-r
Ilmll�" r Vdn ,k-.TOrTI'. ..,,,,,:r,.
''''r�''"d,' "1'\.'1"10"10'" • •( ,.(l(""�\'ttn· ... hcr,"
11,.,r�tJ.<,t>,;.()(" "" 'ICr-<>
h." "'"II. B.,Jmcrdr'fff. p. l S � ••
'-/,.o'.!'M: 9� nl'. p"r(h J«ns; co",· "um",...d b)': o<-h� II,", Am".rda",.
!, .,:tlher w..h lkouwbt-d"lf ;\'I.J. Je
r-,'I > & Zn. W�rm<'nhu''''n;deSfg'':
'!��: tl) Uf rr,1/iud /'y: llouwl"'d';I! \I.J . •Ic NlI, &. 711. W",n1(·"h";,,·,, I
I '" ,, , k,'r V�" Je.TMr�. '.1m�l1·
II'.-tl" tldr "rdHI��I�n . �-.c'JI r�mrd ". ''''''',.::. VrnlihJrJJI 'Ol" lb. p. 'j7 Uu.".!"..., JO� m'. I",,,,h a"'�":
, '!lIIIII'SS;Pltl"d h: Gcm��m�hlk W'''''"gh.:dTl)fO:n!rum·Oosr:
.I'-" KIt: '�\I3; ,,·.llo:..,llr,., T•..,r�""'"
h•• l k,IJK" '1111\
I " , l 'JtI' ):tT"�! ,\,,<"';JfM .
, "'P'·"p"",·. mJrkC',"-';lor o"·,,.r·
'''' "1".-..1 housmg• .\l3unT�k.ad�;IO'� [ •
I', , H I
(,l'IH'" &. '>,.'I",I/x l k ....h"I/�'
\brk�...,,,,,,,, o..."�r.."",u,..,td ho,,<;njl..lt I ourmal�,. p. �8
Hoo'JT�": I JO m -. )l.fuunJ J,'cn�J: WmmJHIOIICdb,-, \\',lma l\u,,.. b" Je>lgll; 1'1':13: '''.Jhudi»'; ,,',Im� lk",,,,' hl-o ,\m,,<...d.,m. '9,1
(;rr�n�nddal l'.. O� \ flt�· ;\'Jrkt!
>«101 "...n�r·"""up,ed hous,n!:.
Keiursl':rachl-10.I'. �o
Hoo,,,,...J: 80m'. I"""h J«�"
wm"""io�rd b,'. Ch�prul':
G ... . .:ncn.l.,, 1 & [),. Vr,,·, _ Pm.n,· h,''' '':. Ko,.,,·r,�;J",d\\ " r", ,",'.n p, � 5
/"ln", ",,':1: 1 9 m', [>Oreh a
comm;w(med "�)', pm-JI. ind,'-JJ u.ti: j,";gn, 1993
V.nI-Ie�fde,, · .\Jarhl >l'" lU'''''''''·' ....-cu p,ed hOUM"!;. 'Dc W;n< K�""T', KrilCTS!;,,,h, 4H·H�. p. b.,.
F!.-.o, Jr��:
' -I m',)tround·a.:ct<''oCJ:
w",,,,,,,,,,,,cd by:'1 Hoofr·
l...",�, "of: dC';K'I: J\I�H
Htrdrr�" V.lIldtrNtUf Ar
1 1 ·6�. 1" rl''''':lrM; ' ' \>II'.):dlle,):com·
h...usmg. "WC.K"Tb,,�",
I I'H""'r�: " � m'. p"" h a�,:c»:
ml>$1O""J/ry: Ilt P'''''''I>.1al;
.Ir�.�'" 'Y\l�;rl".lloudlry: 1\0"",.
nI�a,,,,hJ"'p., 8u"enhu,� h".
• """'U15'Oll,,/bY: 0... P.m,,!"'." 1...·d",' .\I.j.
� ,.
, ��
d�gn; '�9�: 'C.JII�Mh,·, i!ou..,. '---"nd",...,r. '999
\!,'.It""·"h",,.�n. lOUU
• � � " " "h'!'-':I�" . So.;ul ",mN l.. ,u,ot'it. ( .r("� ll,cktrs,TraJt ��. p. I 6� , I"", ,"" 1 , ; �� nI'. p,,,,, h 3c,e,,:
, "''''''IH" ",,,d li)" De j'fI""'paal: .I, "�,,. ,���: tn bn��I;'r.1 /" , ,"" ""I,or W,·" .-I, A""Tnd.""
H�rtn .l Arch",:.,cn · M..k.·1 ",,,,...r
uwn�r
1' - ' .I�
Hoor �".�: • , 6 n" . !(",u"J·,'u�,....·d: c<",,,,,,,,,,,,,r.J h", N,'w 1),·.Li bl : de"!!", "!'!�: r" I,�" ,," I:r'/ ,,, " , f
I)� k".,h',If'"
S E L E C T E D I ' L O L l K I ' I ..\ N \
S E L E C T E D F L O O R P L A :"l" S
"lund.. Ar"ili(ec(en (Ritn k t Ru;,,'r) . . ,\,jlrador',,�b,idi7.ed ()w"�r-occup;td
T'Hl 11,,1 ARhm·ktcnl>"w · "!arket
><-""r(.r'.w''''r-",,�''pit'd ho",m);,
hotmng, O,dQrpl'l�;n_ p. J I �
!kIL,m)'''r",,' l,,-t7,P_ ' 5 "
Noo, �"''': N " m', l�>r"h-,,"�",,;
FI
Jesi}!,'" 199'>; ,""liud lj}': ,\b",., '�Y;I
Ih,h".. & R"pp ' r"",n,' hu",",.
\c1"'cp"""""�rTTl"n,,,,,"r.rp· t ,I 6 [ 5 i
fl,w, ar<'ol: '-�c m', �w\\"d-au;",,",d;
,",!I!lm,,-,'ioneJ ho' Pn ,'.t<- i"d,vid", I:
design: 1?9S: re"k..d by, hM,k Km
Hnnr�r..", 198m',gf()l\flJ
ac,es<�d: «m,,,,;,,,,,"c.i by: SITllt,
I>ou" �mep :-:cdctl:Htd 1",_ ll.",. 1 Y��
'M
de.,iw" , yy�; ""tlized b)" �n""
'LIght beIor"-, m"ke(-'"'''t'''
'''' ner-occupied hOl",ng,
owner'""nlpied hou,ing,
<;iOt('rbde ,6t-168.p, t t r
r;h"-,,are�;
[ :.:. nl', g:round "" -.,,,,d/
""rr;do" (()"","sslO,,,,d by: De Pri",ip""I; "e,,!:n: ,��6: "wlr,ed I,),: I bId", B""", '\m"crdam b,'.
,. �klmani ' 'Jeugdbnd·. nurh(
, "";I
(;,J. \che,,,Ic"nHtdflLl i k,lotnmc,rd1Ik,
p. ' I �
N()()r olTe,1: ' 47 "t'. !\")Lmd-""�e",,,I;
cn",,,,i
Eurowo!linl\en h, ]t"'lcrd,,,,,;
KohKrlef &: Chri,(oph );;"hl ArchitekIen 'Ue.\l.and..., n"'rk�( ,,'<:tor owner ",--eupi,d nou,ing, Va" I bll,(ra't, p. '48
rtO
d<"Sl}!,'" 1995; ,",'k 'ed I,),: Wil",.
CMP,",I1io" I Icl 0,"ten ",ith
De Lnci; de
b}': Ilouwhedrijl ,\l.J, .Je Nij' & Z". . fJ11enhui1..n, 2=0 W--l
OeJollg, l lO
Ilrouwer;l (erre,() ,v: design: J 99.\;
Teali,cd by: H,ll." & Kf>O<.t" hv,
I ,.,.,rd" \'k�, :lrdHle"[ _ Studio,
.....r k�t -"-",,,or O" lt�r-<>crupled
h. ""i"),;, Splnoza''',lJ( 3 �C. p. • " I
l'loor ",e�, '.\ 8 m'. p
,o"""i,;"",ed b�: Marto",' M""-,, de.,,!:n: [��5: real",'" h': E,,,i,,,, ly�6
\h'I"'poli, I I I "reh;(",(en iEdw;n Smit, I ''''!LJen �[�ijge"l . I'rivare nou,"" l\u,k
'�Y4
ace""",
I(c",,'n Lijocrs Ar.h;te<"1en
.\'"rk�I-"-,,,"'r ()wne,--;xwplcd
'993-'999' jobe ,eo1li,�d li)':
ilnu,i"R with "'Mb1'''''', T"",",,,Ic
Bouwond�f-n�min): .\leye"
Ld;.d" ar",,"", '-0-'-4, 1'. ' 4 4
I LO r\\', ):",,,,,J-"""",,,'
�k;-cr & VJ" S..:lIOO(en Arehneeten·
' 1)0; VI"l'$e,,', marht-"""'fowner
",,\Jpi�d ilou,in);_ Ladogameerhol/ N;,St"mraaulnaus[[Ja,. p. '3r. 1'IO
"""'lOm,dby:Woni"gJxdr;;t I\r,,"ef(t�nt with r..)LlWW�Tk;
C
rI"'f);'" I 'f�6, T<:o1lio,,
d"'dopmenrcompa,,)';d,'sixn: 'Y97;
1�)\lW 1\""t""L011> 1",_ '999
realized by:Opaalnu" b,'. ,�m'terd'm,2ooo
190
Fr,,,,, de \\';ae ' 'Womco'. so,:i,,1
Ookmt'"rw,-g, p- �!
dfSlb"" I y�6; r,,�li,,,d hy:J. \chcurer
wml-p""c, T"'"",k Con't,mtlln FI{J""lrt�: ' j � "" , �round
Am,(aJJm. '995
,, \" � IH' .-\rchi"cten, "",,h
Will"m Timm.., Ari.n .\juIJer,
&: Zn. "\,,,,,nd., ..., J99S
"�tor owner-occupIed hou,mg "'nh I ln;g""''''''''',r· 1 4 'f
rh"", 1�:dTijf I" , ]k'-e'" i l k. 19Y�
r�n!ed hou,ing tor th,· ..Iderl)'.
f",,,,ly, Amm-rdam;d"si<:,,, '�'f l ; ,,.,,1;0,,,1 ('J: Rij"d"",, ,'\n"'�rdJm,
Ar<-h,te,-t�nhur"u KW3 ' "brh(
"'i;sioned I,y: Omwikk�1 i1\1\
�I()()r,,,e,,:
11""Tare.,; " :' m'. pocch ,'''U',"
l\ol\wb
"" """'''SlO'''''' /'J" Dc Prutc'pa.ll;
,-""""issiollcd by: Oud,hO
Hc,,,,,h'''plci,,,p, 56 , 'L
IIr ',,'" e"graC'ht 280 .8:., p_ 1 :.�
''{)rIJO''",slO''cd by.- H01t>lng
!Iouw b,', Amsterdam, 1998
/-I()N!),e..:
"","nkli;l" 8 A "-�""'I'N v, Il"nnik,
,\lc,,',"" '" arcn,,�c"n ' MarKet "'nor
. [, p,. Jung, Hoog,-dd, lk KJt iK. de Kt
\chttl'
,hsig", lYYS; r"�k('d /r..,
Ki)]her en Salman ;\rch;("" "" ,
b\", �OOO
,,'.--c!Oruwncr ,,,:cupl�d nous\\lg,
/-IrJI"J"W: 1 14 m'. por�h ""''''':
Anl \l;"',:k'''\''o,i.\lCS -'Llrket ,.",n\[ o\\'llcr-;"'cLljl,eci h()LL,jJlg.
ontw;Ht'!;ng:. P, ' n Ha�l:;
.1�siX": , ;I��; IN!J:�d bvc ' " C
Jl.ouw en Aanne""ng,bedriif I""
It,,,,,,ng, l'rJ(erban, p. l S4
r. �],r."h', IX B, T.,�liJhLle
" 'II/m,ssio',ed Ir )': Park D" .'Ic"r",:
({)""'""IOned by: ! N G V."):",,d
cnmmi.;irmed I,),: '-
,\rc"i,i[cc,cnhurr> L. UfOUf &: k. \\!lIk ·
�1."keHec1Orowner oc<:upoed
fI(;(;r�rea: lj m', �"Iln;', mm
m;;;,,,,,,,,,, I,y, I ICll,,;n� �oq�",ltIO" lin 00,1<'11: (k;i!!", 1 ;194; r"" lized
by: Jn1<'","'" N(�"dwe,(, 1 997
M \, " 1)v!lr"h"�,,en Pm·,lIeh",,,,·.
\ch""pwmmrrrn.ns(r.a( �6. p. ' j ,I
HOI'Ir,,,e�: t77 m',g,ol\nd-,"�,\" ,,:d;
commi5Sio",·d b�, Pr;,·o,,· ;,,,Ii,,;d,,,,I;
d""!;'1: l ��$, n'alw,d h', TC�TC""r"
b... l kil,�" '��'1
,, \' R I)V I\rch;(",(en _ ·",Iodam·.
"""kct-'c'<.'lOr ()wner-occup;.d
]'o",inl\, W."..d()bdll k, p. J 70
FionrJ""" �I7 m',comdor; mm
",issio,,�d by: lJe Pn"�ip,,,, 1 w;tlt
R,bo Va'tg:c�:d; d,·,,,;;,,, '�9H: m�li,ed by: f\o",,,,,,,,,,h;nalie Gra",,,;I,,', ""t. '-COD "3H �rch;"'<:(",,r (Han, Hamm;nk.
�jad,id �paa", -'hre k�n;.",
Marco He",,,n} ' S.0<....1 reni"d
h()lI,;n),;, VJnderl'kng<·I>(r�",p. I l O r/"<"MeJ: � 3 m". �rO\ll1d-a�c"''''J:
COl1lmisslO"c.i by, N.,,,, Oe,,1 h"
drsigl1: I ��(,: "'" lronl ln-: ,'oi De Re"Ii""".. ,�y�
SFLECTED
S E L E C T E D r L O O R I' L A :.J S
MJ H "rcl,it�C1LLL" . 'fk \' ro);ke bk'
ilocJt;m, ,i, r""rk�" ",ctur owner·occupied ho",in);.
Vro!JkSlm.lt 11 J -1�1, p_ , I I
Floorarca: 87 m',g,,))"r)", cOm
",isslOned I>y: HouSJng �nrp"""II)" I le, Oo,t.node,;!;", '996: ,,,,,/ized by, Vin k no"w lw, ,��"
.\\lJ] archi,rctuUf 'Dc Vrol i h' E,k'
Ilo(�,iorl !i, "" ,h" -"""tur
owner-occlJr'e.j hou>i"�, Derd,' Oo'terparhtrJatJEikenw��, p, ,60
Flo", arra: , to m', »orch "e�e,,:
Archj{&:,enl""",'LJ R"U1dcr Nm,
I le,Ix'rh "on d", ]l" I · 'Trom","
l\-'larkeH&:'or "",ncr-''''c''picd,
woning""" ""i.d re",ed hommg.
Willemssrraa{ , - , l, p. ' 4 ,
/-Ioor �red: S o 11>', po,ch �",,,,,:
Dt·"!:',, 1��6; to be "",I;ud
-Slo[()', marke'-
Ce<", N");dk,,rh· 'W()n,'n '000', hou",,)!. ROle"gra
FI()()rare�: ' 0 9 nl', " .,rch ,,�;:c,,: wmnJt5sumed /J)': Huih I",kk�r
nouw; drSl!;n: 1994' r�ali:"d l»),: Ih,ib B"kker lX",w, 1997 Neu,eli,,!,:' Ri"di;k A,,'hn":l<"n '
o l l l "rchil,·""" (Jan rrl'dcnk Grom!·
I'rJ"al� nou"" PI.,nt"l\" �I"id,·t-
gr�cht '.l, rp· J5�-' \ 1
Floor "re,,: .l 3 6 Ill', grn"" J-a",",,",'d; w""";,,umed /J)': ll. Vink, d,,'siXn: , ��6 19�7; rmliud
/'Y:(;"I,.•nloout
r:'�nhnhout bv.Amsterd�m, '9'1X
IkHlW A,mr",,,.,n b,', 1995
Archit""",,,ilu,,',",, Rcmd," Nu,t·
'He< Kn()()ppu!l" , m."k�'-",ctor
fk n"gn",d; de,i?,,,: 1994; re"li,,,d by, Viul r.ouw b,'. '997
Lie,llelh " '''' dcr Pol · 'Holwonmgrn',
,,,,,iai rcollcd h,,,,,ing. ZuoJ"inde and
'urro"udi"�',r_ 6 , fioor"re,,: ! �J rrr', �""md-,�,c,,,'d;
owner-occupied hou,i!lll.
(OI"mi;sio"cd /J)': Ho",u'g wrporation Am""dJm-Zuid;
,,,,,',,,,,,,d; ",,,,,,,;ssioned /J}': (}w!l"r, delJ!:n, ,y� 6, re"[,;,,d by: .-\m"e) , l ie! "'HJW
,,,,,I \1,�hiel Sndd.. "hrket s�'
de5;g", 1�4+; """ hze,!!)},: COCJl V,,,, ,�",Ileek &. V.n V.en
,\"hud, ten . I<-larkN ,e,tor cm ""'
(""c"ri.d hous,"�,Twe.Je OO,h'r1"" ",ra.1I 1 .l4 ,68.p. l < 4
f/()()rar".-l: 86 m" l"or�h " CC""
Nnor,lre�, ,�o m', g r ound-ocee,,,,d:
cO""�JSSI()""d ('F Dc Pn"cip.�I:
,,,mmi<;io,,,,d /Iv: New D,,,,I bl':
de;'R'" '�94' "",h",.I/»)" J. ""heur" &. Zn, Am,nrd..m, �OCO
d";g", 1 9�7; r"�lit,,d h': Coen Hag"d()()r1O R""w Ill, H"ilen, '�9�
,\r�"it"�lC,,,,·crkgroer IJ.obYJJl R�nh
"." S"",I��:k l); V.,n V�.n . .\,d,itek,en . 'l)� N()orJbap'.
1 1" 0;''''1 ,,,�h i,,,,,, Ch,ist"'" d. Rmltn)
rrr:>rkeHN:[()rOWJler """up'"''
""h V,n, Nek. Hol,bg, nn H().cl .
'n" VinH""k', ,,:xl,ll rented "o",ing
h
mi";,,,,,,d by:n� P,iu�il'�"I,
f,,, ,Ioe dded}'. Od C"'tab.kl
f.:,nker"raatlll.1 Cmtd'ttO.l, p. " �
de,;g1l: '��4; '''''/IZI,d h),: Coell Ilat;Clk."" Bou,," Iw. HUJZ�n. 1��':'"
r/oof",,,a: -:-$ m', galler), com
m;ss"-,,,,,d by: l l " ",ingcorrora[ion Alg,.,ll,.,'" \vo"inKhouw Vereni
�i"g; '!''''II''' ' 99(,' re"/i:,,d
h',Tc�:rc",'ra hv, Hetloo, IY��
�'/oor"r,'''' 5� "" , !'f""h .,�C"": com
IIIlS,;,,"ed by: Hou,jn� mrl�,r.,ic '"
G
l h,i"iJ" Rapp " itII jonJlhan Penn<'
j(owin Pe'�r"!,,, with I i,,,ocrn "�n der Pol · �,)Ci,,1 "'",,,.1 hou,mg,
de;lgn, ' ��J; f�alhed by: Oma
W.um<·nlnH/."". I �9'
I��'
AI",,, Cu),!""aal I , , - , ,.,. p_ �S
Eurowonongl'n bv, Rotterdam:
I {.�,',hon' lIoU\\ ll\', Hm"n, l ��7
",inW"�nle"traa[, pp, 108·!o�
occupird hou,iHg, OO,lC!;I '" H.ndd,kade, p. '07
<"0""",,,i'>'11'd by, llL1uwh""d
llouwbt'dn;t \\..1- ,k :\i;, &. Ln,
')WI,,·t """upied nou,ing,
'Jj-to,en', .\brh,-""�turown"r
Floor"",,: J 50 tn'. roteh "CU""
co",,,,,,,;o,,..d h: D,' PriH,ip" ,ll:
w""",ss;o1led b)': Wilma I\ouw h,', /ry: \\;ril",,, r.ouw bv, Am,,,,d.m,
H()or""w; 'B m-, rO"'� a�c{''':
""l',,,,,,;on An,,,,,dam Zu,d:
FI()()rare,,: , 6 5 m', groLJ"d-,,�e,',,<"d:
tl""!;,,, ,�y6: re"li;r,j by: Vink
..\,(.hit.;kl,·l l · .\\.,rh'l->t('fUt " wn<:r--.K:UI I""J nuusmg, ri"eTl\"�� l-J J.p. IO.l
d<'sign, '9�1: f<'aliord h"
by: Vi"k )\0"'\ h,
hnn� Oor{hu�" ",i,h Y. "'ln den FI,,'n '
, II rn'. ground ,ln·�"",I,
l ' I ,\ r-"
V"11 �" ", I,,·,'k (',: V.n, \'
('(!mmi" 'i;,,,�d /1,': H"u"n�
wrpo,atlol1 Zom�r' Ilui{�n
Am,t('rd"m; de5lgn: '99�; '''dliud
market-,eclnr nwncr-""'''''picd
rtu,,,, ,,,,,..,
",,,,,"isr;;o,,ed b)': Hou,i,\)(
W''''!lJS5IO"ed /ry': Het ()osten, Rouw b,', ,y,)S
I.LJI(ki11dc auJ "Jrroundin!!" p, 60
1' 1 0 0 1<
A !ch itN:tenhureau ; r. •\t,,,lie< Rolo",."
'I:h' Vl agg
V�n 5d,,,I'''' .-\rchitrclen · Soci.1 n'",cd hnu
i'.l ingc",{raal. p. t 77 Hoorare,,: ,�(, m', gro,,,,d-"cc,,,eci: comm;""",,,,,} / » )" 1I,,,,,j,,�
,·orJX'r.toon I Ico (l",,.n: de" Hrdde,
owne" (xc(lp,,,d �o""ng,
fIo"w b,·
l "J()gJme�, hof �5,,-'N ' . p. J 17 I-Il!or",�a: �J 1"'. :6"11,,,),: mlll """io""" /ry: I I"LJ,ing
/'1" n" (;roOl l\ouwrnanJg�ment,
Ni�uwHen wi,h Van Omme, �0Q(l
S<;h ui/.c "U Van Oijk
-'brke, ,e<"lot
owner-occupied housing,
Prjn"'n�'.lChr 77� A, pp, ,6�-1 "'I
t-/()()rMC,l: 208 m', poed, "c�.<>,
,,,,"mi,,io!led by: Wille V"" goed bl';
d"'i/,�" '9�.l: m,l;udhy:
r.o(lwbo:dfllf .\Lj. de Nii' &. Lr\,
desig", ''1,,8; rc�kl'(ll"y, ",hui ;l lX)Uw,llcnhu�o",,,,,,J, J 999
W"rrnenhuizen, '996
b", I."",h"" "-'I, '997
' 93
,'; E L E C I �. n r L O O I<
S E L E c n. D � L O O H P L A N S
Dil; SmeJing WiIh (;rom p"","" ,
A,,:hIWC'l<'nbnreau Ikn 're,,)!e Social
�l",k"f ", · no,own..-oc,up,ed h'lL'>"'!:, ll<><>gte Kadll� 108-, 'o, I' , H
"'"tnl housin!:, Of\'erpad, p. 9 l
Fi,,,,,arc�: 18 m'. !:,llery: com-
ml" i!n�d h': woon'tleh!i,,!: De Ke,-: , dC;I� . '" ' �94'n'�"u"by: Verwdlll'
1'1,,,,,"r,,�; S� m', porch a,�.,,:
ct>mm,.,umnl by, T"rlin!:�n
!\d"i"\)\"�,P l>\", dest�"" 1992:
h" A"'
realizeJ il)': P.A, ,'an dc Raod"
1b�, Tllphr &: Ari. \'Jn der \:eu, ·
D"'-�nf�r. 199�
\-!;,ckn-s�,·tof rented housin)!,
Sjond &"'t",, · Sub"diud ,emed "",,,ing, S"matr,bd�, p. 7-\
rI"uw:
de;ig": " )94' ,,,aim,d I))" Smit",
Ik>uwbedrijfh,. &'·cfwi;l. '9 9 �
RuJ)' Ly,enhaJk A rch" "",,,,,hur<,,,,, '11001' Li.lde Fomll"'. 'ocu I renteJ
Vin""nf I'a"hu)""" . �llh'iJi/.C
h",,,ing:, f\orTlt'Ob�n, p. '7�
/-l"", �'e.J: , , 6 m-, ground
rI(I("�" ' '': 'o� m', grou�d·ac""ss�d:
m"",,'-"")!"·" 1»-: WomngbeJfllf
"cce,,,,d; nJ>�mlwcmed by:
HOIl';Tlg�'!'p'-'r"tion l'at'lmOn]Um:
Am;tud.l",; d"'Jgn: '9�g: mlin,d
d,'siRl" J \1014: r"�/io<,d b),:Snm-,
/'-1': I.H.' B""w, 7,�,tcrTl1('t:r, �COO
l!ou,,-bedriifhv, lk;wTwilk. r �y6 RU"'OlUJ. van S"p lA. ,'J" S,iK]) ' W,,,(ndobd'Jk, p.
]O�
R()tlerdJm,1994
design, '990: re�l,oed/ly, M"",
'y y , ; ,,'aiJud by: Van U>f�rcn,
w,,"i"�e]\ lw. ito""dam:
oouwbedfljl, ZWI)II(", '994 xXa,,'hi!eacll, with Ibn " ' " der "kukn · " 1 W"rJ�,,,,hjp'. "'Jfk.t
Wellerd,eck and Ank,· 7"" ""r,'I ' 'De S!,,,j.h "i"cn', T1I�,kct-""!Or
",dm ownn-,><;el!pied hou,ing,
lIuihl,",crr"""'rlelll, p. 77
\lW�",-""�\lpicd ho",ing,
rh,,�",.''': 90 Ill', galler}': com
f,:ost"c,lon: " \' '':lr,/l)o"k.,
mi>',i(","d lJ}" "har,,.,ns Il.ou",
Curti",,,,,,,,,, p. H7
I",driifb" Maars�n;d"5iKn, '��'!'
1'I"",a,,,�: �� m'. porch ,,'ce,s: cum·
"'"liud lJ)':.\laar",'n, 1\011'" hdriif
ml,"inned hy: Lk P"n('ipa:11 with
Iw, .\l�ar"en, '�9�
lI<)uwh�d"lf "'LJ. d� Nii' & 7n, WMmenhuiz<'n; dc"!:,,, 'Y9j: re.J!il:,d /J)': Rouwb<:driif
Atel..., uimtr' V,,,, der Pol · .\lJrkrt
'99S
KOrTC �k-crh"if.(:n"r.la" p, ,8 S
I
... ('tor I)Wller-'",upj�d housmg,
rt'),)r ,,,"�: 7S",', gall,,),: mm ,\t.rktt-""c{or owneNX'CU pi"d
F,·ih· d" llot ' rla�n, p. '58
hn,,,ing. De bir.."" traat ' -4.
desijtn: ]996: /o be rI'ak".}
crm,m,,>uH1('d hv; :--:ew Deal hy:
de
Li",,,] de Ke}, ."!;coh,,, wlth Dc
Il O M - \,grJin, d<" '(�,,, '�9j' ,,,,,",ed
RuJ)' Uy,enhaJk Arch" ed"n)'"r",," ,
by; I!ouwcom "i rlJlie (;"'",,,il,, "oi,
S<:x,i�j rem.d hnu"ng for ,he eld",1 y,
5<..... ,", Nouts!raat. p. ] 5 '
'999
"">5I("".d /1)': lI13U" hoed EuIO
Rudy U)" enhJ,l� Ard,i!ec{e!lhur�,]LJ '
ml.>"'!n"d by; Ill)ll>lng('Orpor�lion l'[]n"PJ�I, k,\ R" V'''t�o<·,1 ,,,,,I
Fluur(lr('�' '0< rrI'.co",dor: com
('orpvr:nil)T1 I let O",ten: de;igll:
"'JS;I(,,,�d l))': Wonmgbedroll
Floor"r('�' S 7 m'. grollnd-acc",,,,d:
F"""a,,'�; .Ig m'. comdof: com
H , <;M laal1/Suril1;lIl1('bde, p, I �
A"'�i\("'f<'"I,,,rc"u Han, Wagner ·
s..x,,1 rented hou>ll1g,
'Dc Graan"lo'..."" al rented hn"'irLg,
own", o,:cupot'd hOI"i"�,
I-I"",�re.�: '()� rH', por�h Je"e,;;, ",,,,,,,,>,w,,,,,} h': l l"u'in�
(.\b,j�n "dn Jer \X·'a"I, ",i,h B""
com"i nalie Ja ",,-ei"',,
j)� Cos!"bJe '- 1 6 ' 40. p. \ I
PP, I( }4-' 05 1'I''''r''rr,�: 'r m', �round "C(�",·dlpord, a<:..,''': 'o>"",,,;io,,..d B V�"g<><'d, "\"'''c,darn:
\vinte'lllans)' \brb',-",,,,,,,
" 1 ett�r�a[, Sllrn,J",'" "'I1tnJ I" lL"i"�,
VJn der \Vdals!Zl'In>trd ,\,,:hi,,·ct�"
by: "
'I\';ntcrman, .�"'hn,'kt\'l' (P.lul
(:h"rl�, Vandenho,,<, & A,,,,,,ić"
StllllrmanbddR.J,H. �orw\'nl'leiJl,
d,.sif(n: ' 9 9 , : ,,·akedby: f\ou\\"
1 ' 1 " r--. �
F/oor,,,e.J.- 80 m-, �all�r;-, com
Tang,.lm Archit.kr�n .\larkot-""cIM
oWnn-,,,,cupic
p. ' h '
1-/,>", (lre�, , 5 � 11]', sround a(','"ssed:
,'"",mJ»'ioned by: S �,-,,, '-01:
"1J",(),,�db)': Ho"sing corl'oc",il)lI rk rhg"fa,d: d�'ign: '997' reailZed I,)" Vink f\ouwby,
,�
Atmt..damwnh i)ou"""'crk;
I),: /;ouwbcd,iif A. Wit"''''1' l",
1'1'. J U-II]
Hnorarea; ]90 m',pof�� a�ce,,;
wm",,>swned/Jy; "oi Dc l.aire,,,, stf,lJt: d(',ig'" 1 9�j: ":,,lized
I,y: llotJ)\"crJ, &Mnmid, h, '9�8
Wing""d"r Hm'.n;.. Ar�hll""'!l'n "'""i,,1 remed �nd ,ubs,diz�d own", ",-"c"pied hou"ng. Barrastraat! ll.nrnholnl.>lra.ll/Sbetlandlaan, p. l �o
1-10'" ""e�: l �1
m-, w"""d-"e"".,,ed:
wmmi",w�('(1 by, 1 [,,,,,ing corp
desif(n: ' 9 9 1 - 1 ���; r��hzed by: ' H , , � , o L J99Y
'94
1 9 .'i
� O U II. C L �
BOOKMAK"
SrmrC"$ uf,fI"s(rations All )l;'1�l'rJ floor plans arc drawn hy H\lud Jongclmg. AlllSlcrd:lm, and
ba<;cJ 011 un�;nal []Jnteriai supplied hy Ih.. ,lr�hirens in\'ol;·cd.
Olhcr "H,rle� Jr!':
.J. van HasS<'h. L Vcr�chuor. /)1' .lrbcidcrm'OIrmgell ill ,\''':dalalld, \ ' 'aJt�happii lO! nut ,an', AI�..rn..en, A[]JslnciJ[]J 1890: p. ' 5
�bUrll� Kl.Jr..n (eci.). I'irdclf;;. �Aj U;ISC'<'I'l. Rmt"rdam r 1997: p. j 1 '·.Jl:br;,rt Koslrr, us/an dockl,,,,ds. Arlhllt"ClUrJ & N.Hura, AIII�lerdam 199j:P.43
Aqrn Ooslcrman, Housing ill tilc Netberl.mds. JI. A i I}uhli�h<'rs. ROllcniJrn '996: p. 3 j
r, Oll<'" h"f {cd,). Goedkoopear/;ciderslII(JIIIIIKI'II. W.L. & J. Bruss.c. IlOllcrciam 19j(,:P· ' 9
Ikn Kebd, Jacqueline Tclli ng� :.. A i
(ed,), /·.lIrO/1,1II
Publhh..r�, RortcrciJ[]J '99": p. �J
J -A thome ln the dl)"
1 97
1I () () K II1 A R K
' II ( A \I rtee/I'es (i1J.lllciai,,,ppMr {mm:
I'ubhshed " uh Ih.. finalKI.l.1 sUI"P
( ,j'lIIf!ellfr Amsterdam:
Jd i)ke WOllmgdienst
"",:
(�{cdcll,h' \'(IonlllgdlcnSI Am�l..rdam).
,h�n�r Ruuntehikt: OrJen ;ng
HouSlllg Corporalion� /Am'lt'rdalll5C
I )1�11
Ihc AIlIHt'rdam Fcdcr�ti
F..u..r:mc van Woninl!corporali�).
and A R C A \t'sgeneral �ponsors
J.structuur t:n Beheer ....·.:ror . RUIT11{dilke OntwikkdiT1g, Infr
,\mst,'rJam� Fonds \<()()rdo: Kun�l, Amsterdam "llnlUlcTlngsfoml� loor Architectuur, ROllerdallI At 1)+1'
Ardl'tcctcn, Am.lerJ;un AIgcl11CnC Woningbouw\'Crcnigin)! t\mstdbnd Onlwi kkclin)! W'OI\O:I' BV AMv
1.,'1
,\ R C A O I �
i\r�hiIO:CllIlIrccnrralt' ,[,hiis A,,,clhcrgs Atdier Zcin)tr� \';]n dcr Pol
lknthem r:.oLlwcI Archilt'ktt''' II l' bna
IIbuwhocd Vas\!(()t:J Hoc. Hartog I [ooh
HOllwfonds On{\l'ikkt'ling II v II l' I' Bouwin\'nt Ci;:lIlS en Kaan An::hut'Ctt'n
L
lk Archl1cctcn!:rOt'p
rOR.MATS � O K I
II'I 'l c,
I A R C A M ' I'OCKET 1::.1
1\ N A H \'
Woningoollw\erenismgdc Oager�"d I)uink..r Vali der Torre
Oun Bouw Am�tc rJarn HV Fi50 IkrK�nm PIc:-:iglas
I R ... nOUW HI'
(jcr�rd W, �akkt'r Projccladviczen B\' tl
tiG
UOlJwen Vastg()t:d BI'
on of
