AMÓS CAV CAVALCANTI ALCANTI PEREIRA PEREIRA FARINH FA RINHA A
Exegese – Gênesis 32.21-32 –
SÃO PAULO 2007
"
Índice !"#$%&
(
()
$"*+,#-./,
0
1)
232+2*, %+!*$%, 45"&6$6 71)1(871 911877 *:;
<
#$ "% #$ "' #$ %(
& & &
7)
B
2"=>$6& >&?$%,4+=@$%2A 4") 71)1(871 911877 *:;
)*+*#,* *./+012 3,*45678 +032,*+
-
0)
*+2#-./, >$*&+=+$2
(C
<)
32>2D+268%E2D&
(F
G)
,-*+26 *+2#-.H&6
1(
I!I>$2 #& J&+-62>K: ) ",D2 D&+6/, $"*&+"2%$,"2> J@2 L J@2 L &#$./, %,"*&:3,+M"&2 ,I6&+D2.H&6
1( 1( 11 17
B)
263&%*,6 4+2:2*$%2$6
10
C)
#&>$:$*2./, #& %>=-6->26
10
45"&6$6 71)11871
10
F)
1C
&6*+-*-+2 #, *&?*,
#$D$6/, #& %&"26 92.* ( 92.* " 92.* % 92.* '
1C ": ": ": ":
"
Índice !"#$%&
(
()
$"*+,#-./,
0
1)
232+2*, %+!*$%, 45"&6$6 71)1(871 911877 *:;
<
#$ "% #$ "' #$ %(
& & &
7)
B
2"=>$6& >&?$%,4+=@$%2A 4") 71)1(871 911877 *:;
)*+*#,* *./+012 3,*45678 +032,*+
-
0)
*+2#-./, >$*&+=+$2
(C
<)
32>2D+268%E2D&
(F
G)
,-*+26 *+2#-.H&6
1(
I!I>$2 #& J&+-62>K: ) ",D2 D&+6/, $"*&+"2%$,"2> J@2 L J@2 L &#$./, %,"*&:3,+M"&2 ,I6&+D2.H&6
1( 1( 11 17
B)
263&%*,6 4+2:2*$%2$6
10
C)
#&>$:$*2./, #& %>=-6->26
10
45"&6$6 71)11871
10
F)
1C
&6*+-*-+2 #, *&?*,
#$D$6/, #& %&"26 92.* ( 92.* " 92.* % 92.* '
1C ": ": ": ":
% 92.* & 92.* ; 92.* 92.* : 92.* < 92.* (= &6*+-*-+26 213,535,* 10>)+21? 213,535,* 2> )*1181 2"=>$6& #2 &6*+-*-+2
": ": "< "< "< "< 1F "< %= 7(
(N)
77
&6*+-*-+2 #, %,"*&?*, >$*&+=+$,
45"&6$6 J2%O
70 7<
(()
01
:&"624&: 32+2 2 K3,%2 #2 &6%+$*2
2 E$6*O+$2 ) 2 $"%232%$#2#& E-:2"2 & , 3,#&+ #$D$", ) , %>2:,+ E-:2", & 2 I&"./, #$D$"2 ) :-#2".26 :2+%2"*&6
01 07 00 0G
(1)
:&"624&: 32+2 *,#26 26 K3,%26
0B
(7)
&6I,., #& 6&+:/,
*&:2A , *+2*2:&"*, #& #&-6 &: *&:3,6 #& %+$6& ) *&6&A %,:, #&-6 *+2*2 6&- 3,D, &: *&:3,6 #& %+$6& P 0.3,845678 98.32@38 ($ 4251 >813,* A52 18>81 B,*981 "$ 4251 ,213*5,* 8 .8118 9*,/32, %$ 4251 ,213*5,* * .811* 21)2,*.6* 98.9+5178
%,"%>-6/,
<<
I$I>$,4+2@$2
'
1. Introdução 2CDE DEFDG HE IJKECLC %"$"(M%" N OP HGC DEFDGC PQLC LKDRLSQKDEC HG #ETUG 3ECDQPEKDG$ V REQTPEKDE OP DEFDG WOE HORQKDE Q ULCDXRLQ YRGZG[GO HLZERCQC LKDERYREDQ\]EC^ GO [GPYTEFQC GO CLPYTLCDQC HEPQLC$ AOQKHG KGC HEYQRQPGC [GP ECDE DEFDG YGHEPGC ZER QTSOPQC YE[OTLQRLHQHEC HG ECDLTG HE >GLCNC E HE [GPG ETE CE YREG[OYGO EP RETQDQR QG YGZG HE 0CRQET G LK_[LG E G HECHG`RQPEKDG HQ ULCDXRLQ HQ QTLQK\Q HE 4EOC [GP ECCE YGZG$ .GCCG G`aEDLZG N HEC[G`RLR Q LPYGRDbK[LQ HECDE DEFDG YQRQ CEOC TELDGREC GRLSLKQLC E YQRQ GC TELDGREC HE DGHQC QC NYG[QC$ .ECDE DRQ`QTUG cQREPGC OPQ Q`GRHQSEP HG DEFDG TEZQKHGMCE EP [GKDQ GC YRLK[_YLGC REcGRPQHGC HE EFESECE E HQ UERPEKJODL[Q^ GO CEaQ^ ULCDXRL[GMSRQPQDL[QLC$ BQREPGC OP ECDOHG SRQPQDL[QT^ ECDRODORQT^ DEFDOQT^ [GKDEFDOQT^ TLDERdRLG^ [GPYQRQDLZG^ E YRdDL[G^ 4ECEKZGTZEKHG OPQ Q`GRHQSEP WOE EFYTLWOE E^ YGR cLP^ QYTLWOE G DEFDG QG CEO [GKDEFDG GRLSLKQT E QG KGCCG$ 8 3EFDG >QCCGRNDL[G QYRECEKDQ ECDE DRE[UG Q YQRDLR HG ZERCG "" E ZQL QDN QG %%^ YGRDQKDG^ KG HE[GRRER HG DRQ`QTUG ODLTLeQREPGC Q KOPERQ\fG [GPOP KQ KGCCQ T_KSOQ ZERKd[OTQ^ CEKHG WOE QC QYQRL\]EC EP WOE YGCCQP CORSLR HgZLHQC WOQKDG QGC ZERCGC RE[E`ERfG^ QG TQHG^ QTSOPQ REcERJK[LQ^ GO h 2HL\fG ,EZLCDQ E *DOQTLeQHQ^ GO QG 3>$ 2CDE DEFDG cGL CEYQRQHG KECDEC ZERCGC^ GO CEaQ^ Q YQRDLR HG ZERCG "(^ YQRQ HQR OPQ TLSQ\fG ULCDXRL[Q WOQKDG QG WOE CE YQCCQ QKDEC HG cQDG [EKDRQT RETQDQHG KG DEFDG^ YGLC [GPG G DEFDG N OPQ KQRRQDLZQ^ E ECDQ KfG [GPE\Q KECDE YGKDG HG TLZRG^ PQC POLDGC [QY_DOTGC QKDEC^ [GPE\QREPGC Q KGCCQ QKdTLCE Q YQRDLR HECDE ZERCG YQRQ TLSQRPGC TL SQRPGC G DEFDG QG CEO [GKDEFDG YRXYRLG$ * LPYGRDbK[LQ HECCE ECDOHG REYGOCQ CG`RE Q TLSQ\fG HQ ZLHQ HE iQ[X [GP G YTQKG YQ[DOQT HE 4EOC YQRQ [GP COQ HEC[EKHJK[LQ E^ YGR cLP^ [GP Q UOPQKLHQHE$ * COQ ZLHQ ECDd YRGcOKHQPEKDE PQR[QHQ YGR ECCQ YQCCQSEP E [GKDQ [GP ECCQ TLSQ\fG YQRQ WOE Q [GPYREEKCfG HQ COQ ZLHQ E HE `GQ YQRDE HG TLZRG HE SJKECLC CEaQ [GPYTEDQ [ GPYTEDQ E CQDLCcQDXRLQ$
&
2. Aparato Crítico Gênesis 32.21-32 (22-33 TM) V. 23
aWhª jQWOETEk +JMCE [GPG TELDORQ COSERLHQ KQ )EKDQDEO[G 1QPQRLDQKG awhh: [GPG ('$""
qBo)y: jiQ`GWOEk 8 )EKDQDEO[G 1QPQRLDQKG YGCCOL Q TELDORQ qBo)y:h EP TOSQR HQ EFYRECCfG
qBo)y:
G`C? KGC HGLC [QCGC DEPGC Q LKCER\fG HG QRDLSG HEcLKLHG^ LKHL[QKHG^ KG YRLPELRG [QCG WOE N OP YRGKGPE HEPGKCDRQDLZG WOE DEP cOK\fG HE QHaEDLZG QDRL`ODLZG^ G WOE N [GPOP YQRQ CE HECLSKQR QTSOPQ G[QCLfG GO TOSQR ECYE[_cL[GC$ .G CESOKHG [QCG^ HLQKDE HE OP CO`CDQKDLZG^ G QRDLSG DQP`NP ZEP HEDERPLKQR OP TOSQR ECYE[_cL[G$ *P`GC YGHEP CER CO`EKDEKHLHGC KG DEFDG ODLTLeQHG^ KfG cQeEKHG SRQKHE HLcEREK\Q YQRQ Q DRQHO\fG$
V. 24
-ta,
>QKOC[RLDG >EHLEZQT^ )EKDQDEO[G 1QPQRLDQKG E ZdRLQC ZERC]EC QHL[LGKQP
-lK'
LKCERLHG$
Al
*CCLP ECDd KG [XHL[E +^ EP POLDGC PQKOC[RLDGC UE`RQL[GC PEHLEZQLC E EHL\]EC
Al).
LPYRECCQC HQ l_`TLQ mE`RQL[Q
8`C? KECCEC [QCGC^ ZEPGC Q POHQK\Q HE nG WOE DLKUQo YQRQ nDOHG G WOE DLKUQo^ HQKHG QYEKQC PQLC JKcQCE KQ DGDQTLHQHE HGC `EKC^ PQC LCCG ECDd LPYT_[LDG KG DEFDG QHGDQHG$
V. 31
lae_ynIP. 8 )EKDQDEO[G 1QPQRLDQKG^ 1_PQ[G jCE[$ 00k^ Q )ECULDQ^ E Q #OTSQDQ DRQeEP [GPG
lawnp.
;
Considerações: Essas diferenças sugeridas não afetam de maneira importante o texto, sendo apenas nuanças que não ferem o significado do texto em nenhuma de suas partes e dessa forma, podemos manter o texto da BHS como está. Embora várias variantes se relacionem com textos relativamente significativos, como o Pentateuco Samaritano, as alterações não influenciam no resultado geral da narrativa.
-
3. Análise Lexicográfica: Gn. 32.21-32 (22-33 TM) !"# !%&'() "*&+)(,)
`hn<)x]M;B;( aWhßh;-hl'y>L:)B; !l"ï aWh±w> wyn"+P'-l[; hx'!n>Mih; rbo"[]T;w: "" Palavra
Análise
Tradução literal
rbo"[]T;w:
)QRD_[OTQ [GKaOKDLZQ #ER`G WQT [GKCE[ODLZG^ LPYERcELDG^ %p YECCGQ^ cEPLKLKG^ CLKSOTQR *RDLSG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP cEPLKLKG CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP^ YTORQT^ [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG 1LKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG )RGKGPE LKHEYEKHEKDE %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR #ER`G WQT^ YERcELDG^ PQC[OTLKG^ %pYECCGQ^ CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP CLKSOTQR PQC[OTLKG Q`CGTODG *RDLSG )RGKGPE LKHEYEKHEKDE %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG
2 YQCCGO^ [ROeGO$
hx'!n>Mih wyn"+P'l[; aWh±w> !l"ï aWhßh;hl'y>L:)B ± hn<)x]M;B
8 YRECEKDE
)GR HLQKDE HETE
2 ETE
BL[GO .QWOETQ KGLDE
.G Q[QPYQPEKDG
3RQHO\fG Z$""? E YQCCGO G YRECEKDE YGR HLQKDE HETE E cL[GO KQWOETQ KGLDE KG Q[QPYQPEKDG$
wyt'êxop.vi yTeäv.-ta,w> ‘wyv'n" yTeÛv.-ta, xQ;úYIw: aWhª hl'y>L:åB; ~q'Y"åw: "% `qBo)y: rb:ï[]m; tae ! rboê[]Y:w:) wyd"_l'y> rf"ß[' dx;îa;-ta,w>
~q'Y"åw
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT [GKCE[ODLZG
2 TEZQKDGO
:
hl'y>L:åB; aWh xQ;úYIw yTeÛv.-ta ‘wyv'n yTeäv.-ta,w> wyt'êxop.vi dx;îa;-ta,w> rf"ß[ wyd"_l'y> rboê[]Y:w:) tae! rb:ï[]m
LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG )RGKGPE LKHEYEKHEKDE %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG %pPQC[$ CLKS )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG *HaEDLZG cEPLKLKG HOQT [GKCDRODG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP cEPLKLKG YTORQT [GKCDRODG^COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ HG CLKSOTQR PQC[OTLKG 9GKaOK\fG )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG .OPERQT [QRHLKQT^ QHaEDLZG cEPLKLKG HOQT [GKCDRODG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP cEPLKLKG YTORQT [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG *HaEDLZG PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG^ KOPERQT *HaEDLZG PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG^ KOPERQT 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP PQC[OTLKG YTORQT [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT [GKCE[ODLZG^ LPYERcELDG^ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG
4ORQKDE Q KGLDE
2TE 2 DGPGO
4OQC
1OQC POTUEREC
2 HOQC
1OQC CERZQC
2 OP
4Ee 1EOC cLTUGC
2 YQCCGO
1EP DRQHO\fG
1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP #QO HE PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG
<
qBo)y
1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG
iQ`GWOE
3RQHO\fG Z$ "% j"" QRQk? 2 TEZQKDGO ETE HORQKDE Q KGLDE E DGPGO COQC HOQC ECYGCQC E COQC HOQC CERZQC E CEOC GKeE cLTUGC E YQCCGO G ZQO HE iQ`GWOE$
`Al-rv,a]-ta, rbEß[]Y:w:) lx;N"+h;-ta, ~rE !bi[]Y:)w: ~xeêQ'YIw: "'
~xeêQ'YIw
~rE!bi[]Y:)w
lx;N"+h;-ta, rbEß[]Y:w:) Al-rv,a]-ta,
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ HG PQC[OTLKG YTORQT 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G ULcLT [GP ZQZ [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG %p Y$ PQC[$ 1LKS$ [GP COTcLFG KQ %p Y$ PQC[$ )T QYG[GYQHQ )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG *RDLSG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP Q`CGTODG CLKSOTQR PQC[OTLKG 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G ULcLT [GP ZQZ [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG KQ %p Y$ PQC[$ 1LKS$ QYG[GYQHQ )QRD_[OTQ HG G`aEDG HLREDG )RGKGPE RETQDLZG )RGKGPE YREYGCL[LGKQHG^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR
2 GC DGPGO
2 GC cEe YQCCQR
8 ZQTE
2 cEe YQCCQR
*WOLTG WOE ERQ HETE
Tradução v.24 (23 ara): E os tomou e os fez passar o vale e fez passar aquilo que era dele.
`rx;V'(h; tAlï[] d[; ! AMê[i ‘vyai qbeîa'YEw: AD=b;l. bqoß[]y: rtEïW"YIw: "&
rtEïW"YIw: bqoß[]y: AD=b;l
9GKaOK\fG 2 cGL HELFQHG #ER`G KLYUQT [GP ZQZ [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG iQ[X )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP
1GeLKUG
(=
qbeîa'YEw: ‘vyai AMê[i d[;! tAlï[] rx;V'(h
PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG KQ %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G KLYUQT [GP ZQZ [GKCE[ODLZG LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG )REYGCL\fG COcLFG KQ %pYECCGQ HG CLKSOTQR PQC[OTLKG )REYGCL\fG #ER`G WQT LKcLKLDLZG [GKCDRODG *RDLSG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG
2 TODGO
mGPEP 9GP ETE
*DN ,GPYER * QTZQ
3RQHO\fG Z$"&j"'QRQk? 2 iQ[X cGL HELFQHG CGeLKUG E TODGO [GP ETE OP UGPEP QDN G QPQKUE[ER$
%r,y<å-@K; ‘[q;Te’w: Ak=rEy>-@k;B. [G:ßYIw: Alê ‘lkoy" al{Ü yKiä ar>Y:©w: "; `AM*[i Aqßb.a'he(B. bqoê[]y:
ar>Y:©w: yKiä al{Ü lkoy" Alê [G:ßYIw: Ak=rEy>-@k;B
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR QYG[GYQHQ 9GKaOK\fG
2 ZLO
AOE
)QRD_[OTQ HE KESQ\fG
.fG
#ER`G WQT^ YERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG^ COTcLFG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GP$ cEP$ CLKS$ 1O`CDQKDLZG [GP$ cEPLKLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG KQ
)GHLQ 9GKDRQ ETE 2KDfG DG[GO
.Q QRDL[OTQ\fG HQ COQ [GFQ
((
‘[q;Te’w: %r,y<å-@K bqoê[]y: Aqßb.a'he(B AM*[
%p Y$ PQC[$ CLKS$ 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ cEPLKLKG CLKSOTQR 1O`CDQKDLZG cEPLKLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG 1O`CDQKDLZG cEPLKLKG CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG 1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG
2 HECTG[GO
*RDL[OTQ\fG HE [GFQ HE
iQ[X
)REYGCL\fG 2KWOQKDG TODQZQ #ER`G KLYUQT LKcLKLDLZG [GKCDRODG )REYGCL\fG^ COTcLFG %p YECCGQ 9GP ETE$ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR
Tradução v.26 (25ara): E viu que não podia com ele, então tocou na articulação da sua coxa e deslocou a articulação da coxa de Jacó enquanto lutava com ele.
yKi! ^êx]Lev;(a] al{å ‘rm,aYO’w: rx;V'_h; hl' ![' yKiî ynIxeêL.v; rm,aYOæw: " `ynIT")k.r:Be-~ai
rm,aYOæw: ynIxeêL.v; yKiî hl'![ rx;V'_h ‘rm,aYO’w: al{å ^êx]Lev;(a] yKi!
9GKaOK\fG 2 HLCCE #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR #ER`G YLET LPYERQDLZG 4ELFEMPE LR PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR COTcLFG (p YECCGQ [GPOP CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG )GLC #ER`G WQT YERcELDG PQC[OTLKG %p YECCGQ CLKSOTQR *RDLSG 1O`CDQKDLZG PQC[OTLKG [GPOP CLKSOTQR Q`CGTODG 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )QRD_[OTQ HE KESQ\fG
RGPYEO * QTZQ
2 HLCCE
.fG
#ER`G YLET LPYERcELDG (p Y$ 3E HELFQREL LR [GP$ CLKS$^ COTcLFG "pY$ PQC[ CLKS$ 9GKaOK\fG AOE
("
ynIT")k.r:Be-~ai
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G YLET 1E PE Q`EK\GQREC YERcELDG "p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR^ COTcLFG (p YECCGQ [GPOP CLKSOTQR
Tradução v.27 (26ara): Então disse, deixe-me ir, pois amanheceu, e disse: não te deixarei ir se [não] me abençoares.
`bqo)[]y: rm,aYOàw: ^m<+V.-hm; wyl' !ae rm,aYO"w: ":
rm,aYO"w: wyl'!ae ^m<+V.-hm rm,aYOàw bqo)[]y
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )QRD_[OTQ YREYGCL\fG COTcLFG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )RGKGPE LKDERRGSQDLZG 1O`CDQKDLZG [GPOP PQC[OTLKG [GKCDRODG COTcLFG "p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG
2 HLCCE
)QRQ ETE AOQT qNr CEO KGPEs
2 HLCCE
iQ[X
Tradução v.28 (27ara): Então disse a ele: qual é seu nome? E respondeu: Jacó.
lae_r"f.yI-~ai yKi! ^êm.vi ‘dA[ rmEïa'yE ‘bqo[]y: al{Ü rm,aYO©w:
"<
`lk'(WTw: ~yvi !n"a]-~[iw> ~yhi#l{a/-~[i t'yrIôf'-yKi(
rm,aYO©w: al{Ü bqo[]y: rmEïa'yE ‘dA[ ^êm.vi YKi!
9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )QRD_[OTQ KESQDLZQ
2 HLCCE
.fG
1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG
iQ[X
#ER`G KLYUQT LPYERcELDG %p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR *HZNR`LG
1ERd [UQPQHG >QLC
1O`CDQKDLZG PQC[OTLKG 3EO KGPE CLKSOTQR [GKCDRODG^ COTcLFG "p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR 9GKaOK\fG >QC
(%
lae_r"f.yI-~ai t'yrIôf'-yKi ~yhi#l{a/-~[ ~yvi!n"a]-~[iw> lk'(WTw:
9GKaOK\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG YRXYRLG 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT YERcELDG "p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG PQC[OTLKG 9GKaOK\fG )REYGCL\fG 1O`CDQKDLZG PQC[OTLKG YT$ 9GKaOK\fG #ER`G WQT LPYERcELDG "p YECCGQ PQC[OTLKG CLKSOTQR
*SGRQ 0CRQET )GLC TODQCDE
9GP 4EOC 2 [GP UGPEKC
2 ZEK[ECDE
3RQHO\fG Z$"< j":QRQk? 2 HLCCE? DEO KGPE KfG CERd PQLC iQ[X^ QSGRQ CERd 0CRQET^ YGLC TODQCDE [GP 4EOC E [GP UGPEKC E ZEK[ECDE$
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Tradução v.30 (29ara): E perguntou Jacó e disse: diga, por favor, teu nome, e respondeu: por que perguntas sobre meu nome? E o abençoou ali.
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Tradução v. 32 (31ara): e levantou o sol sobre ele quando passou por Peniel e mancava por causa do seu músculo.
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Preposição Advérbio Partícula negativa Verbo qal imperfeito 3º p. masc. pl. Substantivo masculino plural construto Substantivo próprio Partícula do objeto direto Substantivo comum masculino singular construto Artigo Substantivo comum masculino singular absoluto Pronome relativo
Por isso
Não comem Filhos de Israel Tendão de O nervo da coxa Que
Preposição De sobre articulação Substantivo comum feminino singular construto Artigo A coxa Substantivo comum singular feminino absoluto Preposição Até Artigo O dia Substantivo comum singular absoluto Artigo O este Adjetivo masculino singular Conjunção Pois Verbo qal perfeito 3º pessoa masculino singular Preposição Substantivo feminino construto singular Nome comum feminino singular construto Substantivo próprio
Tocou Em articulação de coxa de
Jacó
Preposição Em tendão de Substantivo comum masculino singular construto
(-
hv,(N"h;
Artigo Substantivo comum masculino singular absoluto
O nervo da coxa
Tradução v.33(32ara): Por isso não comem, os filhos de Israel, até o dia de hoje, do tendão do nervo que está sobre a articulação da coxa, pois este tocou na articulação da coxa de Jacó, no nervo da coxa.
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4. Tradução Literária "" j"(QRQk 2 YQCCGO G YRECEKDE YGR HLQKDE HETE E cL[GO KQWOETQ KGLDE KG Q[QPYQPEKDG$ "% j"" QRQk 2 TEZQKDGO ETE HORQKDE Q KGLDE E DGPGO COQC HOQC ECYGCQC E COQC HOQC CERZQC E CEOC GKeE cLTUGC E YQCCGO G ZQO HE iQ`GWOE$ "' j"% QRQk 2 GC DGPGO E GC cEe YQCCQR G ZQTE E cEe YQCCQR QWOLTG WOE ERQ HETE$ "& j"'QRQk 2 iQ[X cGL HELFQHG CGeLKUG E TODGO [GP ETE OP UGPEP QDN G QPQKUE[ER$
26 (25ara) E viu que não podia com ele, então tocou na articulação da sua coxa e deslocou a articulação da coxa de Jacó enquanto lutava com ele. 27 (26ara) Então disse, deixe-me ir, pois amanheceu, e disse: não te deixarei ir se [não] me abençoares. 28 (27ara) Então disse a ele: qual é seu nome? E respondeu: Jacó. "< j":QRQk 2 HLCCE? DEO KGPE KfG CERd PQLC iQ[X^ QSGRQ CERd 0CRQET^ YGLC TODQCDE [GP 4EOC E [GP UGPEKC E ZEK[ECDE$
30 (29ara) E perguntou Jacó e disse: diga, por favor, teu nome, e respondeu: por que perguntas sobre meu nome? E o abençoou ali. %(j%=QRQk 2 [UQPGO iQ[X G TOSQR )EKLET^ YGLC? ZL 4EOC cQ[E Q cQ[E E PLKUQ QTPQ cGL YGOYQHQ$
32 (31ara) E levantou o sol sobre ele quando passou por Peniel e mancava por causa do seu músculo. 33(32ara) Por isso não comem, os filhos de Israel, até o dia de hoje, do tendão do nervo que está sobre a articulação da coxa, pois este tocou na articulação da coxa de Jacó, no nervo da coxa.
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5. Palavras-chave Israel : Israel significa ‘ele contende com Deus’. Palavra derivada do verbo ‘sara’ o qual se limita a esta passagem e a de Oséias 12.4,5, que provavelmente significam lutar ou perseverar, mas não podemos ter certeza de seu significado. A importância da palavra ‘sara’ repousa do substantivo que dela é derivado, a palavra yisra’el, Israel. O Senhor conferiu este nome a Jacó dizendo que seu nome não seria mais Jacó, suplantador, possivelmente indicando o sentido hostil que seu nome tinha, principalmente relacionado com as suas práticas no decorrer da sua vida: não será mais “ya’aqob”, suplantador, mas sim “yisra’el”, indicando a ação de perseverar. Não podemos afirmar com certeza e nem há apoio para a derivação do substantivo “sar” indicando: “como príncipe prevaleceste” (King James 1611/1769) usando a palavra sarita, “como príncipe tiveste poder”, como se a palavra derivasse da raiz sar, príncipe, traduzindo a palavra pela expressão, embora alguns autores indiquem esta relação. O substantivo Israel aparece 2507 vezes no AT (mais as suas formas adjetivas) primeiramente como nome honorífico do patriarca Jacó, depois como próprio designativo da nação de Israel, a qual descendeu os 12 filhos dele posteriormente (depois de 930ac.) como designação do reino de Efraim, as dez tribos do norte contra o reino do sul, Judá, e finalmente como designação do reino do sul, após a queda do reino do norte. Jacó
bqo)[]y
Provavelmente Jacó recebeu este nome por ‘segurar’ simbolicamente o
calcanhar de seu irmão ao nascer. Entretanto este nome era comum na época, indicando “esteja nos calcanhares” “Deus seja a sua retaguarda” ou ainda “Deus o proteja”. Mais tarde quando roubou a benção de Esaú, seu irmão, este afirmou a natureza de seu nome na associação com o fato de tê-lo enganado duas vezes, destacando o sentido de perseguir os passos de outrem ou de sobrepujar a outrem; nesse sentido, basicamente, Jacó significaria suplantador, ou seja, o que leva vantagem, enganador. O nome de Jacó não teve seu uso abandonado depois que Deus lhe deu um novo nome, o que aconteceu com seus avós paternos, (Abrão – Abraão, Sarai – Sara), mas passou também a ser designação do povo de Deus, assim como Israel (Sl.24.6).
Coxa: (%r,y) A coxa poderia simbolizar o que se pode chamar de parte firme do homem, lugar de cingir a espada, e a fonte da vida. Dessa maneira, a mão colocada sob a coxa simbolizava o mais solene juramento, especialmente durante a época patriarcal. E bater na
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coxa tinha o sentido de um profundo arrependimento. Por isso o anjo atingiu a coxa de Jacó. Ele demonstrou sua força superior e indicou que a própria base da vida de Jacó fora mudada, o que foi também indicado pela mudança do nome do patriarca. Um lembrete permanente desse acontecimento foi dado a Jacó por ter de coxear constantemente e a nação por ser proibida de comer do tendão da coxa. A palavra %r,y pode significar coxa, músculo ou quadril. O mandamento que proíbe comer o nervo ligado ao quadril dos animais não reaparece no AT, mas em manuscritos rabínicos. Sendo um terceiro lembrete desta noite especial.
Peniel: ou Penuel, ou ainda Fanuel (BJ). Significa “face de Deus”. Este nome foi dado a uma cidade naquela região também (Jz.8.8; 1Rs.12.25). A narrativa implica que a visão de Deus foi obscura, por ser durante a noite, mas foi face a face, para proteção de Jacó Deus saiu antes de nascer o dia, assim, quando o sol raiou, Jacó estava sozinho.
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6. Outras Traduções Bíblia de Jerusalém.
22. O presente seguiu adiante e ele ficou aquela noite no campo. 23. Naquela mesma noite, ele se levantou, tomou suas duas mulheres, suas duas servas, seus onze filhos, e os fez passar o vau de Jaboc. 24. Ele os tomou e os fez passar a torrente e fez passar também tudo o que possuía. 25. E Jacó ficou só. E alguém lutou com ele até surgir a aurora. 26. Vendo que não o dominava, tocoulhe na articulação da coxa, e a coxa de Jacó se deslocou enquanto lutava com ele. 27. Ele disse: “Deixa-me ir, pois já rompeu o dia.” Mas Jacó respondeu: “Eu não te deixarei ir se não me abençoares.” E ele lhe perguntou: “Qual é o teu nome?” – “Jacó”, respondeu ele. 29. Ele retomou: “Não te chamarás mais Jacó, mas Israel, pois foste forte contra Deus e contra os homens, e tu prevaleceste.” 30. Jacó fez essa pergunta: “Revela-me teu nome, por favor.” Mas ele respondeu: “Por que perguntas pelo meu nome?” E ali mesmo o abençoou. 31. Jacó deu a este lugar o nome de Fanuel, “porque”, disse ele, “eu vi Deus face a face e a minha vida foi salva.” 32. Nascendo o sol, ele tinha passado Fanuel e manquejava de uma coxa. 33. Por isso os israelitas, até hoje, não comem o nervo ciático que está na articulação da coxa, porque ele feriu Jacó na articulação da coxa, no nervo ciático.
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Observações
Em quase todas as traduções podemos observar que o texto é numerado do verso 21-32, enquanto na Bíblia de Jerusalém e na Bíblia Hebraica, os versos vão do 22-33. Entre estas três versões podemos ver que a Bíblia de Jerusalém, além da semelhança entre versículos, é mais literal e clássica do que as demais. A versão mais clara é a NVI que traz uma fluência de linguagem muito contemporânea, apesar de manter a tradução com qualidade tanto quanto a de Jerusalém. A versão Contemporânea de Almeida, além de ser uma adaptação de uma tradução, não consegue ser tão contemporânea quanto a NVI. Como a tradução de Almeida, é dividida por versículos e não por parágrafos, o que demonstra maior ligação com o texto tradicional de Almeida. )GHEPGC ZER KQ RETQ\fG HE DERPGC OCQHGC YQRQ HEcLKLR G KERZG QDLKSLHG HE iQ[X^ OP YERcLT HE [QHQ ZERCfG$ .Q li N ODLTLeQHG G DERPG nQRDL[OTQ\fG HQ [GFQo E nKERZG [LdDL[Go KGC ZERCGC "; E %%$ .Q .#0^ KGC ZERCGC "& E %"^ GC DERPGC OCQHGC CfG nQRDL[OTQ\fG HQ [GFQo E nPgC[OTG TLSQHG h QRDL[OTQ\fG HG WOQHRLTo^ HEPGKCDRQKHG OPQ YRGcOKHQ CEPETUQK\Q [GP Q li^ CEKHG QYEKQC PQLC CLPYTEC$ .Q 2HL\fG 9GKDEPYGRbKEQ HE *TPELHQ^ KGC PECPGC ZERCGC WOE Q .#0 cGRQP ODLTLeQHQC QC YQTQZRQC naOKDORQ HQ [GFQo E nKERZG HG WOQHRLTo$ 3GHGC ECCEC DERPGC CfG RETQDLZGC^ PQC N [GPOP ZER WOE KQ .#0 ECDEC DERPGC CfG PQLC EFYTL[QHGC^ KQ li CfG PQLC [TdCCL[GC E KQ 29 PQLC DRQHL[LGKQLC$ 0CCG CE [GKCDQDQ EP GODRGC DERPGC DQP`NP$ * EFYRECCfG PQLC [TQRQ HLCCG N G nCORSLR Q QORGRQo jlik^ nQPQKUE[ERo j.#0k^ nRGPYER HG HLQo j29k$
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8. Delimitação de Cláusulas Gênesis 32.22-32 34"
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9. Estrutura do texto Divisão de cenas
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13. Esboço de Sermão Tema: O tratamento de Deus em tempos de crise. Tese: Como Deus trata seu povo em tempos de crise?
Introdução * [GPYTEFLHQHE HQ ZLHQ E Q REQTLHQHE HG cQDG HE WOE DGHGC YQCCQP YGR [RLCEC EP QTSOP PGPEKDG HQ ZLHQ$
Contexto iQ[X YQCCGO PQLC HE ZLKDE QKGC KQ [QCQ HG CEO DLG +Q`fG^ HEYGLC HE cOSLR HG CEO LRPfG WOE G WOERLQ PQDQR^ YGR DER RGO`QHG Q `EK\fG HETE HE 0CQWOE^ CEO YQL$ 4EYGLC HE DQKDG DEPYG [GP +Q`fG ETE cGSE TEZQKHG DOHG G WOE YGCCO_Q^ CEKHG HEYGLC YERCESOLHG YGR ETE E QYXC G Q[GRHG HGP CEO DLG^ ETE CE HEYQRQ [GP Q PQLGR [RLCE HE COQ ZLHQ? DERLQ WOE REEK[GKDRQR CEO LRPfG^ YGLC ECDQZQ ZGTDQKHG YQRQ 9QKQf E G EK[GKDRG CERLQ LKEZLDdZET$ >QKHGO QTSOKC HGC CEOC CERZGC QHLQKDE YQRQ QYQeLSOQR 2CQg^ PQC RE[E`EO Q KGD_[LQ HE WOE ETE ZLKUQ [GP PQLC WOQDRG[EKDGC UGPEKC$ 4ECECYERQHG E [GP PEHG^ iQ[X DGPQ QTSOPQC YRGZLHJK[LQC YRdDL[QC E GRQ Q 4EOC$ 4ORQKDE Q KGLDE ETE YQCCQ Q COQ cQP_TLQ E DOHG G WOE YGCCO_Q YETG ZQO HE iQ`GWOE E cL[Q CGeLKUG^ YGCCLZETPEKDE YQRQ GRQR$ .ECCE PGPEKDG Q[GKDE[E Q ULCDXRLQ WOE TEPGC KECDE DEFDG? 4EOC TODQ [GP iQ[X$
1. Deus mostra que somos fracos AOQKHG 4EOC TODGO [GP iQ[X ETE PGCDRGO YQRQ ETE WOE QYECQR HQ cGR\Q WOE ETE YGCCO_Q^ Q YGKDG HE WOQCE ZEK[JMTG^ 4EOC ECDQZQ KG [GKDRGTE HQ ZLHQ HETE E QG DG[QR EP COQ [GFQ^ ETE PGCDRQ WOE CX KfG G HERRGDGO YGRWOE KfG WOLC$ 4EOC PGCDRQ YQRQ iQ[X WOE CEOC YTQKGC YGHEP QDN CER `GKC^ PQC N EP 4EOC WOE ECDd G YGHER^ N ETE WOE N G 1EKUGR HQ ZLHQ HE iQ[X$ *G PGCDRQR YQRQ iQ[X Q COQ cRQWOEeQ E Q cRQWOEeQ HE CEOC YTQKGC^ 4EOC PGCDRQ G WOQKDG ETE N HEYEKHEKDE HETE$ )GR LCCG iQ[X CE QSQRRQ QG *KaG^ iQ[X CX DEP G WOE DEP
&( SRQ\QC Q Q\fG HE 4EOC E YRE[LCQ DER [LJK[LQ HE WOE N EP 4EOC WOE G CEO [QPLKUG N ZLDGRLGCG$ ,E[GKUE[ER WOE CGPGC TLPLDQHGC E WOE HEZEPGC HEYEKHER HE 4EOC N Q SRQKHE TL\fG WOE DEPGC^ HQ YQRDE HE 4EOC EP PGPEKDGC HE [RLCE$ * [RLCE PGCDRQ Q KGCCQ cRQWOEeQ E Q cGR\Q HE 4EOC$ * KGCCQ TLPLDQ\fG E G YGHER LTLPLDQHG HE 4EOC$
2. Deus restaura o nosso caráter AOQKHG iQ[X CE QSQRRGO EP 4EOC^ ECDE TUE YERSOKDGO? WOQT N G CEO KGPEs *G YERSOKDQR LCCG 4EOC cEe iQ[X YEKCQR KG CLSKLcL[QHG HG CEO KGPE$ )QRQ GC UE`REOC GC KGPEC DLKUQP OP YRGcOKHG CLSKLcL[QHG^ LPYTL[QKHG KQ COQ YERCGKQTLHQHE$ iQ[X REYRECEKDQZQ G EKSQKQHGR^ REYRECEKDQ G UGPEP WOE EKSQKGO CEO LRPfG^ WOE OCGO HE ECDRQDNSLQC YQRQ [GKCESOLR COQC YGCCEC$ iQ[X REYRECEKDQ OP UGPEP HE ZLHQ LRRESOTQR^ HE [QRdDER COCYELDG$ >QC 0CRQET REYRECEKDQ OP UGPEP YRGZQHG E QYRGZQHG YGR 4EOC^ WOE DEZE Q EFYERLJK[LQ E TEZQ KG [GRYG QC PQR[QC HE OP EK[GKDRG YRGcOKHG [GP 4EOC$ 0CRQET N G UGPEP WOE YREZQTE[EO [GKDRQ 4EOC^ E WOE YREZQTE[ERd [GKDRQ GC UGPEKC$ *G POHQR G KGPE HE iQ[X 4EOC PGCDRQ YQRQ ETE WOE ETE QSGRQ ERQ OP KGZG UGPEP$ 5P UGPEP RECDQORQHG YGR 4EOC E YRGKDG YQRQ EKcREKDQR GC HECQcLGC WOE ZLRfG$ *SGRQ 0CRQET N [GKUE[LHG [GPG OP UGPEP HE 4EOC^ OP YQDRLQR[Q HQ QTLQK\Q^ UERHELRG HQ YRGPECCQ$ AOQKHG YQCCQPGC YGR [RLCEC^ YGHEPGC CER RECDQORQHGC QDRQZNC HG EK[GKDRG WOE DEPGC [GP 4EOC QDRQZNC HQ COQ )QTQZRQ E HG CEO 2CY_RLDG 1QKDG WOE QDOQ EP KXC E KGC cQe [REC[ER EP PELG hC TODQC$ * )QTQZRQ HE 4EOC KGC DRQKCcGRPQ^ E EP PELG hC TODQC^ WOQKHG ad HE[TQRQPGC Q HEYEKHJK[LQ HE 4EOC^ ETQ EK[GKDRQ OP DERREKG cNRDLT YQRQ KGC EHLcL[QR HE PGHG YRXYRLG$ )GR LCCG^ QC [RLCEC CfG QP`LEKDEC HE RECDQORQ\fG E [REC[LPEKDG^ HE REKGZQ\fG E EHLcL[Q\fG$ V OP YER_GHG HLHdDL[G^ `EP ODLTLeQHG YGR 4EOC YQRQ KGC DRQKCcGRPQR KQWOLTG WOE ETE ECYERQ WOE CEaQPGC$
3. Deus restaura a nossa esperança *G HQR OP KGZG KGPE Q iQ[X^ 4EOC QYTL[GO KECCE CLSKLcL[QHG QG CEO cODORG$ 2CDE EK[GKDRG CERZLO YQRQ PGDLZQR iQ[X^ YQRQ TUE HQR ECYERQK\Q HE WOE GC YTQKGC HE 4EOC YQRQ
&" ETE CE [GK[REDLeQRLQP E HE WOE ETE CERLQ ZLDGRLGCG$ *TSOPQC [GLCQC LKHL[QP LCCG$ )RLPELRQPEKDE N 4EOC WOEP ZQL QDN iQ[X^ G ZER`G KG UE`RQL[G LKHL[Q WOE cGL G UGPEP WOE [GPE\GO Q TODQR [GP ETE E KfG iQ[X WOE YRG[ORGO `RLSQ$ 0CCG PGCDRQ Q LKCLCDJK[LQ HE 4EOC EP iQ[X^ YGLC ETE cGL OP HGC YQDRLQR[QC WOE PQLC YQCCGO YGR EFYERLJK[LQC E REZETQ\]EC ECYE[LQLC HQ YQRDE HE 4EOC$ 4EOC CEPYRE^ HECHE CEO ZEKDRE PGCDRGO WOE ETE ERQ G EC[GTULHG E HORQKDE DGHQ Q COQ ZLHQ REQcLRPGO LCCG QYQRE[EKHG Q iQ[X HE HLZERCQC cGRPQC$ 4ECDQ ZEe G EK[GKDRG cGL POLDG PQLC YRGcOKHG E DRQKCcGRPQHGR E CERZLO YQRQ PGCDRQR YQRQ iQ[X WOE QSGRQ ETE ERQ^ PQLC HG WOE KOK[Q^ G 0CRQET HE 4EOC$ 8 cQDG HE 4EOC LR QG EK[GKDRG HETE HLe LCCG^ G cQDG HE HQR OP KGZG KGPE HLe LCCG^ G cQDG HE DER CLHG Q`EK\GQHG YGR 4EOC HLe LCCG^ G cQDG HE DER CG`REZLZLHG PECPG HLQKDE HE 4EOC HLe LCCG$ 4EOC WOER PGCDRQR YQRQ iQ[X WOE ETE N G CEO 4EOC E G CEO YRGDEDGR$ *CCLP 4EOC RECDQORQ Q ECYERQK\Q HE iQ[X^ WOE ECDQZQ WOQCE YERHLHQ WOQKHG HEC[G`RLO WOE CEO LRPfG ECDQZQ ZLKHG QG CEO EK[GKDRG [GP WOQDRG[EKDGC UGPEKC$ 4EOC PGCDRQ YQRQ iQ[X WOE CE HLQKDE HE 4EOC ETE CG`REZLZEO^ EFNR[LDG KEKUOP KG POKHG YGHERLQ HECDRO_MTG$ iQ[X QSGRQ [QPLKUQ HE`QLFG HQ `EK\fG HE 4EOC^ KfG QYEKQC HG CEO YQL^ E KfG OPQ `EK\fG RGO`QHQ^ PQC HQHQ EF[TOCLZQPEKDE Q ETE YETG YRXYRLG 4EOC HE CEOC YQLC E CEO$ 0CCG cGRDQTE[E Q ECYERQK\Q HE iQ[X$ AOQKHG YQCCQPGC YGR [RLCEC HEZEPGC `OC[QR Q 4EOC^ REQZQTLQR KGCCQC YGCDORQC E GC UOPLTUQR^ HEZEPGC [QPLKUQR KQ DRQKCcGRPQ\fG HG KGCCG [QRdDER QDRQZNC HQ )QTQZRQ^ E KETQ DER Q KGCCQ ECYERQK\Q RECDQORQHQ$ .XC HEZEPGC RE[GKUE[ER WOEP KXC CGPGC YQRQ 4EOC^ G WOE 9RLCDG ad cEe YGR KXC$ 2CDQPGC HE`QLFG HQ YRGPECCQ HE 4EOC^ HEKDRG HG YGZG HE 4EOC E KECCQ YRGPECCQ E KECCE 4EOC EK[GKDRQPGC Q ECYERQK\Q HQ REQTLeQ\fG HE DOHG G WOE cGL YTQKEaQHG YGR ETE PECPG$ )QOTG HLCCE YQRQ GC cLTLYEKCEC WOQCE Q PECPQ [GLCQ WOE 4EOC HLCCE Q iQ[X^ WOE QWOETE WOE [GPE\GO Q `GQ G`RQ KETEC LRLQ [GPYTEDdMTQ jBY$ ($;k E ECDQ SRQKHE G`RQ HE 4EOC EK[GKDRQ COQ REZETQ\fG COYREPQ EP 9RLCDG$ 2P 9RLCDG DEPGC ECYERQK\Q YQRQ COYGRDQR QC QHZERCLHQHEC$ )GHEPGC DER ECYERQK\Q KETE YGRWOE G YRGPEDLHG HE iQ[X^ G [OPYRLPEKDG HQ QTLQK\Q HE 4EOC [GP 0CRQET^ ZEK[EO G POKHG$ )QCCQREPGC YETQC QcTL\]EC jiG$ (;$%%k^ PQC ETQC KfG KGC HERRGDQRfG YGRWOE G KGCCG 4EOC^ iECOC 9RLCDG ZEK[EO G POKHG E Q PGRDE^ CEKHG DQP`NP 9RLCDG EP KXC^ Q ECYERQK\Q HQ
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Conclusão 2KDfG^ GTUQKHG YQRQ Q ZLHQ HE iQ[X YGHEPGC QYREKHER WOE WOQKHG YQCCQPGC YGR [RLCEC^ 4EOC KGC DRQDQ EKCLKQKHGMKGC WOE CGPGC cRQ[GC CEP ETE$ .GCCGC YTQKGC KfG DERfG CO[ECCG CE 4EOC KfG ECDLZER SOLQKHGMKGC E EFE[ODQKHG Q COQ ZGKDQHE^ HE cGRPQ WOE YER[E`QPGC WOE CGPGC [GPYTEDQPEKDE HEYEKHEKDE HE 4EOC$ #EPGC DQP`NP WOE EP PGPEKDGC HE [RLCE^ 4EOC GYERQ EP KXC^ DRQKCcGRPQKHGM KGC EP [REKDEC PETUGREC^ EP CERZGC PETUGREC$ * COQ )QTQZRQ EK[GKDRQ OP DERREKG cNRDLT [GP Q Q\fG HG 2CY_RLDG 1QKDG EP KXC HORQKDE QC [RLCEC$ BNRDLT YQRQ KGC cQeER [REC[ER^ YQRQ REKGZQR G KGCCG [QRdDER^ Q KGCCQ YERCGKQTLHQHE^ cGRPQKHGMG KQ CEPETUQK\Q HE 9RLCDG$ *YREKHEPGC [GP iQ[X DQP`NP WOE 4EOC SQRQKDE Q KGCCQ ECYERQK\Q QG KGC Q`EK\GQR [GP G [OPYRLPEKDG HG WOE ETE YRGPEDEO$ 2TE KGC EKZLGO CEO BLTUG E KGC HEO KETE Q ECYERQK\Q YQRQ YQCCQR YGR DRL`OTQ\]EC E [RLCEC YGRWOE 9RLCDG PECPG CGcREO E ZEK[EO$ 4EOC SQRQKDE Q iQ[X Q ZLDXRLQ^ KfG YETQ COQ cGR\Q^ PQC YETQ YRGPECCQ WOE [QRRESQZQ$ 2CDQ YRGPECCQ^ [GK[REDLeQHQ EP 9RLCDG KGC SQRQKDE DQP`NP G CG[GRRG YRECEKDE^ EP`GRQ KfG Q CGTO\fG HQC CLDOQ\]EC POLDQC ZEeEC^ PQC Q CGTO\fG HG KGCCG CER^ E Q ECYERQK\Q HQ STXRLQ$ 5P DEFDG WOE YGHE cE[UQR KGCCQ [GPYREEKCfG Q[ER[Q HG WOE ZLPGC N G HE ,GPQKGC &$%M&? n.fG CX LCCG^ PQC DQP`NP KGC STGRLQPGC KQC DRL`OTQ\]EC^ YGRWOE CQ`EPGC WOE Q DRL`OTQ\fG YRGHOe YERCEZERQK\Qv Q YERCEZERQK\Q^ OP [QRdDER QYRGZQHGv E G [QRdDER QYRGZQHG^ ECYERQK\Q$ 2 Q ECYERQK\Q KfG KGC HE[EY[LGKQ^ YGRWOE 4EOC HERRQPGO CEO QPGR EP KGCCGC [GRQ\]EC^ YGR PELG HG 2CY_RLDG 1QKDG WOE ETE KGC [GK[EHEOo$ j.#0k$
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Conclusão .ECDE DRQ`QTUG YOHEPGC G`CERZQR WOE G EK[GKDRG HE iQ[X [GP 4EOC DEP POLDGC PQLC CLSKLcL[QHGC E LPYTL[Q\]EC HG WOE [GPOPEKDE LPQSLKQPGC$ #LPGC DQP`NP WOE N OP DEFDG HE HLc_[LT LKDERYREDQ\fG^ YGLC CEO RETQDG KfG N DfG [TQRG WOQKDG Q KGCCQ [ORLGCLHQHE SGCDQRLQ^ E KEP EK[GKDRQPGC DGHGC GC HEDQTUEC EP GODRGC DEFDGC^ PQC ZLPGC WOE HEKDRG HG WOE DEPGC^ YGHEPGC EKDEKHER G DEFDG h TOe HG CEO [GKDEFDG E HG CEO DEPQ YRLK[LYQT? G YQ[DG HE 4EOC [GP CEO YGZG$ *`GRHQPGC GC QCYE[DGC TLKSz_CDL[GC^ SRQPQDL[QLC^ DEFDOQLC^ [GKDEFDOQLC^ YQRDLKHG HG YRECCOYGCDG REcGRPQHG HE OPQ EFESECE ULCDXRL[GMSRQPQDL[QT^ WOE LKDERYREDQ G DEFDG HE Q[GRHG [GP Q COQ RETQ\fG [GP QC 2C[RLDORQC$ #LPGC WOE QC HLcL[OTHQHEC ZfG CE HLCCLYQKHG^ KQ PEHLHQ HG YGCC_ZET^ WOQKHG HECZEKHQPGC G TG[QT E Q cGRPQ WOE >GLCNC OCGO YQRQ Q [GKcE[\fG HG TLZRG^ [GPG CE RETQ[LGKQP QC HEPQLC YQRDEC HG TLZRG [GP ECCQ E [GPG ETQ CE HECDQ[Q KG [GKDEFDG SERQT HQ [QRDQ$ )ER[E`EPGC WOE iQ[X^ EP )EKLET DEZE OP EK[GKDRG WOE G DRQKCcGRPGO EP OP SRQKHE YQDRLQR[Q^ PQC YRLK[LYQTPEKDE EP OP UGPEP HE 4EOC^ YGLC KQ PQLGR [RLCE HQ COQ ULCDXRLQ^ 4EOC G EKCLKGO E G PGCDRGO COQ cRQWOEeQ EP [GKDRQCDE [GP G YGHER HE 4EOC^ COQ TLPLDQ\fG E G YGHER LTLPLDQHG HE 4EOC$ 4EOC HEO Q iQ[X OP KGZG KGPE^ 0CRQET^ E [GP ETE OP KGZG [QRdDER^ HEO Q iQ[X Q ECYERQK\Q HE WOE CERLQ ZEK[EHGR EP COQC TODQC^ YGR [QOCQ HQ YRGPECCQ HE 4EOC E HQ `EK\fG HE 4EOC WOE REYGOCQZQ CG`RE ETE E CG`RE CEO cODORG$ )EKLET cGL cOKHQPEKDQT YQRQ Q [GPYREEKCfG HQ ZLHQ HE iQ[X$ )GR LCCG^ QG QHGDQR G PNDGHG [LDQHG^ YRG[ORQPGC G CEKDLHG WOE >GLCNC LKDEKDGO HQR KECDE DEFDG YQRQ CEOC YRLPELRGC TELDGREC E YQRQ GC TELDGREC HE DGHQC QC NYG[QC KQ ULCDXRLQ$ *CCLP^ [REPGC WOE EP lEDET DEPGC OPQ ULCDXRLQ WOE EFEPYTLcL[Q POLDG `EP Q cGRPQ [GPG 4EOC [GKHOe CEO YGZG EP DEPYGC HE [RLCE$
