Evaporador Doble Efecto con alimentación en retroceso

Welvgrsl`b` Ygrbdruzbeb Ibductb` `g Dlgedlbs Ruëkldbs

Dbkpus: ^fzb _ldb-Puxpbe

G.G: Fpgrbdlfegs `g trbesigrgedlb `g kbsb 2

Bdtlvl`b`: ^rfocgkb `g gvbpfrb`fr `g `focg gigdtf dfe bclkgetbdlôe ge rgtrfdgsf.

Bcukeb: Afezâcgz Mgreâe`gz Beb Juclgtb zT22>>91=7

Web bclkgetbdlôe qug dfetlgeg ?% ge pgsf `g sôcl`fs fraâeldfs `lsugctfs ge baub sg letrf`udg b ue gvbpfrb`fr `g gigdtf `focg dfe bclkgetbdlôe ge rgtrfdgsf. Cb bclkgetbdlôe getrb b 41,11ºD y sg y sg dfedgetrb mbstb ue ?7% `g sôcl`fs. Pbetf cb gcgvbdlôe `gc puetf `g gouccldlôe dfkf gc dbcfr `g ?

`lsfcudlôe pug`ge `gsprgdlbrsg. Db`b gvbpfrb`fr tlgeg ue ârgb `g <,?
4<10,71Q/k º H, cb bclkgetbdlôe sg letrf`udg bc gigdtf ? y ge gc gigdtf 2 sg bclkgetb vbpfr `g baub b 9=<,7 Hpb. Cb prgslôe ge gc gspbdlf `gc vbpfr `gc gigdtf ? gs `g 9,17Hpb. Tupôeabsg qug gc dbcfr gspgdëildf `g tf`fs cfs cëqul`fs gs laubc bc `gc baub cëqul`b. Dbcducbr c b vgcfdl`b` `g bclkgetbdlôe I y cb vgcfdl`b` `g prf`udtf ^2 `g ueb sfcudlôe dfetgelge`f ?7% `g sôcl`fs. Tupfegr ueb vgcfdl`b` `g bclkgetbdlôe I.

Y2

Y?

9.17 Hpb

I ; 2> >>> ha/m ]I;>.>? PI;41.11ºD

T ;6 ^T;9=<.7

TD

C2 ;6 ]C2;>.?7

C?;6

^bsf 2: Dbcducf `g PT y P? Dbcducbr PT kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-7 `gc clorf `g \ueus b Dgeagc qug getrb dfe prgslôe `g ^T ; 9=<.7 Hpb dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs: 97> Hpb

292.<= ºD

9=<.7 Hpb

]

1>> Hpb

290.<7ºD

97> Hpb — 1>> Hpb ; -7> Hpb 97> Hpb — 9=< Hpb ; -4<.7 Hpb -4<.7 Hpb/-7> Hpb ; >.1< 29<.<7ºD — 292.<=ºD ; ?.<1ºD ?.<1ºD * >.<1 ; ?.4094 ºD 292.<=ºD + ?.4094ºD ; 290.4?94ºD

PT ; 290.4?94 ºD Dbcducbr cb P? kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-7 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe prgslôe `g ^? ; 9.17 Hpb dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs:

7.> Hpb

4?.=1 ºD

9.17 Hpb

]

1.7 Hpb

0>.?<ºD

7.> Hpb — 1.7 Hpb ; -?.7 Hpb 7.> Hpb — 9.17 Hpb ; -2.17 Hpb -2.17 Hpb/-?.7 Hpb ; >.1 0>.?<ºD — 4?.=1ºD ; 1.0?ºD 1.0?ºD * >.1 ; 7.2<0 ºD 4?.=1ºD + 7.2<0ºD ; 4=.>90ºD

P? ; 4=.>90 ºD

Pbocb B-7 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr PT b prgslôe `g 9=<.7 hpb.

Pbocb b-7 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr P? b prgslôe `g 9.17 hpb.

^bsf ?: Obcbedg `g kbtgrlb:

                  Obcbedg pfr dfkpfegetg:

                                   C2 ; =>> ha/m Wtlclzbe`f gc obcbedg `g kbtgrlb:

                                           

Tupfelge`f qug Y2;Y? sg `lstrlouyg gqultbtlvbkgetg pfr cf tbetf:

Y2 ;Y?;09>> ha/m

Obcbedg `g kbtgrlb pbrb db`b gigdtf: Gigdtf ?:

                     C?;70>> ha/m

Gigdtf 2: I2 ; C?

                          C2;=>> ha/m

Obcbedg pfr dfkpfegetg pbrb db`b gigdtf: Gigdtf ?:

       (  )  (  )                 ]C?;>.>41>

Gigdtf 2: I2 ; C?

              (  )  (  )                 ]C2;>.?0<1

^bsf 4: Dbcducf `g cb dbë`b f sukbtfrlb `g cb tgkpgrbturb:

−   − −  −∉P ; 2?9.?9?4 ºD

^bsf 0: Dbcducf `g cfs vbcfrgs `g ∉P2 y ∉P?: ^brb ∉P2:

  −                                  

∉P2 ; 14.97ºD

^brb ∉P?:

  −                                  

∉P? ; 7?.9>ºD

Dbcducf `g P2 y P? (rgbc) ^brb P2:

                  P2 ; <>.91ºD

^brb P?:

                 P? ; 4=.>1ºD

^bsf 7: _gsukge `g tgkpgrbturbs: PI ; 41.11ºD

PTD ; 290.4?94ºD

PT ; 290.4?94ºD

P? ; 4=.>1ºD

P2 ; <>.91ºD

^bsf 9: Dbcducf `g cb Dp tfkbe`f dfkf rgigrgedlb gc puetf `g gouccldlôe `gc baub: Cb Dp sg gedugetrb ge cb tbocb B-4 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc dfkf `ldg gc prfocgkb dfesl`grbe`f cb Dp pbrb baub cëqul`b. Dp ; 0.2= hJ/ha ºh Dp ; 0.2= HJ/ha ºh

^bsf 1: Dbcducf `g getbcplbs tfkbe`f Dp;0.2= HJ/ha ºh:

 Cb Prgi  ; >ºD ^brb mI:

            mI ; 271.=1=9 HJ/ha

^brb mC2:

            mC2 ; 41<.09>0 HJ/ha

^brb mC?:

            mC? ; 27<.24?9 HJ/ha

^bsf =: Dbcducf `g getbcplbs dfe tbocbs `g vbpfr:

^brb MT kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-0 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe tgkpgrbturb `g PT ; 290.4?94ºD dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs:

29>ºD

?171.7 hJ/ha

290.4?94ºD

]

297ºD

?19?.=hJ/ha

29>ºD — 297ºD ; -7ºD 29>ºD — 290.4?94ºD ; -0.4?94ºD -0.4?94ºD/-7ºD ; >.=97?9 ?19?.=hJ/ha - ?171.7 hJ/ha ; 7.4hJ/ha 7.4hJ/ha* >.=97?9 ; 0.7=7=1= hJ/ha ?171.7hJ/ha+0.7=7=1= hJ/ha ;?19?.>= hJ/ha MT ; ?19?.>= HJ/ha

^brb MY2 kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-0 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe tgkpgrbturb `g P2 ; <>.91ºD dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs:

<>ºD

?97<.9 hJ/ha

<>.91ºD <7ºD

] ?991.9hJ/ha

<>ºD — <7ºD ; -7ºD <>ºD — <>.91ºD ; ->.91ºD ->.91ºD/-7ºD ; >.240 ?991.9hJ/ha - ?97<.9 hJ/ha ; =hJ/ha =hJ/ha* >.240 ; 2.>1? hJ/ha ?97<.9hJ/ha+2.>1? hJ/ha ;?99>.91? hJ/ha MY2 ; ?99>.91? HJ/ha

^brb MY? kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-0 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe tgkpgrbturb `g P? ; 4=.>1ºD dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs: 47ºD

?790.9 hJ/ha

4=.>1ºD 0>ºD

] ?714.7hJ/ha

47ºD — 0>ºD ; -7ºD 47ºD — 4=.>1ºD ; -4.>1ºD -4.>1ºD/-7ºD ; >.920 ?714.7hJ/ha - ?790.9 hJ/ha ;=.< hJ/ha =..920 ;7.0909 hJ/ha ?714.7hJ/ha+7.0909 hJ/ha ;?71=.<9 hJ/ha MY? ; ?71=.<9 HJ/ha

^brb mTD kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-0 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe tgkpgrbturb `g PTD ; 290.4?94ºD dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs: 29>ºD 290.4?94ºD 297ºD

917.01 hJ/ha ] 9<1.?0hJ/ha

29>ºD — 297ºD ; -7ºD 29>ºD — 290.4?94ºD ; -0.4?94ºD -0.4?94ºD/-7ºD ; >.=97?9 9<1.?0hJ/ha — 917.01 hJ/ha ; ?2.11hJ/ha ?2.11hJ/ha* >.=97?9 ; 2=.=49 hJ/ha 9<1.?0hJ/ha+2=.=49 hJ/ha ;9<0.444 hJ/ha mTD ; 9<0.444 HJ/ha

^brb mY2D kg`lbetg cb tbocb B-0 `gc clorf `g yueus b dgeagc qug getrb dfe tgkpgrbturb `g P2 ; <>.91ºD dfkf ef sg gedugetrb gc vbcfr letgrpfcbkfs: <>ºD

411.>0 hJ/ha

<>.91ºD <7ºD

] 4<=.>
<>ºD — <7ºD ; -7ºD <>ºD — <>.91ºD ; ->.91ºD ->.91ºD/-7ºD ; >.240 4<=.>0 hJ/ha ; ?2.>7hJ/ha ?2.>7hJ/ha* >.240 ; ?.=?>1 hJ/ha 411.>0hJ/ha+?.=?>1 hJ/ha ;41<.=9>1 hJ/ha

mY2D ; 41<.=9>1 HJ/ha

 Pbocb B-0 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr MT dfe ueb tgkpgrbturb `g PT;290.4?94ºD.

 Pbocb B-0 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr MY2 dfe ueb tgkpgrbturb `g P2;<>.91ºD.

Pbocb B-0 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr MY? dfe ueb tgkpgrbturb `g P?;4=.>1ºD.

Pbocb B-0 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr mTD dfe ueb tgkpgrbturb `g PTD;290.4?94ºD

Pbocb B-0 `gc yueus b dgeagc pbrb cfdbclzbr mY2D dfe ueb tgkpgrbturb `g P2;<>.91ºD

^bsf <: Dbcducf `g vbpfr rgqugrl`f pbrb gc gvbpfrb`fr: Obcbedg `g gegralb pbrb gc gigdtf 2:

         ^brb gigdtf ?:

         @gspgjbe`f Y2 `gc obcbedg `g gegralb `gc gigdtf ?:

                       sustltuyge`f:

                      0==7.=9 ha/m

Y2;0==7.=9 ha/m

^fr cf tbetf tfkbe`f gc obcbedg `g kbtgrlb:

Y?;0420.20 ha/m

                    

@gspgjbe`f T `gc obcbedg `g gegraëb `gc gigdtf 2:

                           

                             T ; 9>2=.2> ha/m

^bsf 2>: Dbcducf `g dbcfr:

Dfevgrtlr b w/m

                               

q2; ?=40014.027 w/m

                 Dfevgrtlr b w/m

               q?; ?74=421.92? w/m

^bsf 22: Dbcducf `gc ârgb:

B2;24.77 k

                  

?

                   B?;2?.20 k

?

                     ?

Bprfk;2?.=07 k

^bsf 2?: Dbcducf `g eugvfs vbcfrgs `g ∉P :

                  

   ∉P2;=>.=7ºD

                      ∉P?;0>.12ºD

^bsf 24: Dbcducf `g cb gdfefkëb `gc vbpfr:

               G.Y;2.7?

^bsf 20: Dbcducf `g cb vgcfdl`b` `g bclkgetbdlôe I:

Irgbc;1?4?.4= ha/m

  )    (               

^brb gc dâcducf `g cb vgcfdl`b` `g C 2 tgegkfs qug:

                       C2;71=.7<>0 ha/m