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endapan magmatik
tipe endapan geologi sumberdaya mineralDeskripsi lengkap...
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Taufiq Hadi
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GENESA PEMBENTUKAN ENDAPAN MINERAL PADA LINGKUNGAN MAGMATIK ---Makalah---
UNTUK MEMENUHI TUGAS PENGGANTI KULIAH TANGGAL 26 NOV 2015 GEOLOGI SUMBERDAYA MINERAL DAN GEOLOGI EKSPLORASI SEMESTER V
Oleh: Taufiq Hadi Ramadha Rifk' Nu(deai Ridh Ridh* * Ta Taufa ufaad adhi hiee P(i P(iam am+* +*d* d* Muhammad Adi,i* Au.(ah Ku/uma Ad',ia Pu,(a P(adaa 0ilia 1*haa
!"#$$#$%##&% !"#$$#$%##)& !"#$ !"#$$ $#$%# #$%#$ $$% !"#$$#$%#$! !"#$$#$%#$%% !"#$$#$%#$&% !"#$$#$%#$2$
Kela/ A
3URUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI 4AKULTAS TEKNIK GEOLOGI UNI0ERSITAS PAD3AD3ARAN 3ATINANGOR !#$&
PENDAHULUAN Kajian tentan ene!a "ine#a$ "e"%a&a! 'e#!(a$an "ine#a$i!a!i )a#i !*at* en)a'an %iji& +an te#)a'at )i a$a", Se'e#ti &a$n+a )enan en)a'an +an "enan)*n *n!*# -*. P% )an /n +an +an %ia!an %ia!an+a +a )i a$a" a$a" te#)a te#)a'a 'att )a$a" )a$a" !*at* !*at* $in $in*n *nan an 'ene 'enen)a n)a'an 'an +ait* +ait* $in*na $in*nan n "a"ati "a"ati. . &i)#(te# &i)#(te#"a$ "a$ "e!(te "e!(te#"a$ #"a$. . )an (nta (nta "eta!(" "eta!("ati! ati!,, Pa)a ene!a ene!a '#i"e#. %e#&*%*nan e#at )enan ati3ita! "a"a, Bat*an int#*!i +an "en*nt*nan )a$a" 'e"%ent*an %iji& te"%aa +ait* %at*an "enena& inte#"e)iate ine(*!, Se)anan 'a)a ene!a !e*n)e# %e#&*%*nan e#at )enan e%e#a)aan "ine#a$ -* )i a$a" +an %e#!i3at ti)a !ta%i$ %i$a te#ena 'ena#*& ai# )an *)a#a, Pe"%ent*an %iji& !e4a#a *"*" )i a$a" "e$a$*i '#(!e!'#(!e! 'e"%e*an. 'e$a'*an. !e)i"enta!i. )an "eta"(#3(!a, Se4a#a Se4a#a *"*" ene!a ene!a %a&an %a&an a$ian a$ian "en4a* "en4a*' ' a!'ea! a!'ea!'e 'e ete#)a' ete#)a'atan atan.. '#(!e! '#(!e! 'e"%ent*an. ("'(!i!i. "()e$ %ent*. **#an. )i"en!i. e)*)*an. )an 3at(#3at(# 'enen)a$i 'enen)a'an %a&an a$ian a$ian e($(i4 e( $(i4 4(nt#($!, 4( nt#($!, T*j*an *ta"a *ta "a "e"'e$aja#i ene!a !*at* !*at* en)a' en)a'an an %a&an %a&an a$ian a$ian a)a$a a)a$a& & !e%a !e%aai ai 'ean 'eanan an )a$a" )a$a" "ene" "ene"*a *an n )an "en4a "en4a#i #i en)a'anen)a'an %a#*. "en*na'an !i3at!i3at 3i!i )an i"ia en)a'an %a&an a$ian. "e"%ant "e"%ant* * )a$a" )a$a" 'enent*a 'enent*an n 'en+*!*na 'en+*!*nan n "()e$ "()e$ e!'$(#a e!'$(#a!i !i +an +an aan )ite#a' )ite#a'an. an. !e#ta !e#ta "e"%ant* )a$a" 'enent*an "et()a 'ena"%anan )an 'en($a&an %a&an a$ian te#!e%*t, En)a'anen)a'an En)a'anen)a'an "ine#a$ +an "*n4*$ !e!*ai )enan %ent* a!a$n+a )i!e%*t )enan en)a'an '#i"e# &+'(en, ia "ine#a$"ine#a$ '#i"e# te$a& te#*%a& "e$a$*i 'e$a'*an ata* '#(!e!'#(!e! $*a# $* a# !*'e#3i4ia$ '#(4e!!e! '#(4e!! e! )i!e%*t )enan en)a'an e n)a'an !e*n)e# !*'e#en, !*'e#en, Lin*nan Lin*nan "a"ati )ia#ate#i!tian )ia#ate#i!tian ($e& te"'e#at*# tini &ina "enena& )an tean teanan an )ena )enan n 7a#ia 7a#ia!i !in+a n+a 4**' 4**' $e%a# $e%a#,, Mine# Mine#a$ a$ +an +an te#%en te#%ent* t* %e#&* %e#&*%*n %*nan an )enan )enan ati7ita! "a"a +ait* 4ai#an !i$iat 'ana! +an "enja)i %a&an in)* %at*an %e*, O$e& a#ena it* )a$a" "aa$a& ini aan )i%a&a! $e%i& )a$a" $ai "enenai ene!a 'e"%ent*an en)a'an "ine#a$ 'a)a $in*nan "a"ati,
Gee/a Pem+e,uka Eda5a Mie(al Pada Li.ku.a Ma.ma,ik
Pene#tian Lin*nan Ma"ati 8 Lin*nan "a"ati )ia#ate#i!ti ($e& te"'e#at*# tini &ina "enena& )an teanan )enan 7a#ia!in+a 4**' $e%a#, Mine#a$ +an te#%ent* %e#&*%*nan )enan ati7ita! "a"a +ait* 4ai#an !i$iat 'ana! +an "enja)i %a&an in)* %at*an %e*, Bat*an %e* "e#*'aan &a!i$ #i!ta$i!a!i "a"a. !*at* $e$e$&an 'ana! +an "enan)*n *n!*# *n!*# 'entin !e4a#a *antitati3 +ait* O. Si. A$. -a. M. Na. )an K )an )a$a" j*"$a& e4i$ &a"'i# !e"*a *n!*# *n!*# $ainn+a #i!ta$i!a!i "ine#a$ )an "a"a "en&a!i$an (n!ent#a!i *n!*# *n!*# "in(# )a$a" 4ai#an !i!a )an (n!ent#a!i 9at : 9at 7($ati$e. !e'e#ti H2O. -O;. N2. !en+a
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a, Se#ea!i "a"a En)a'an Early Magmatic )i&a!i$an )a#i '#(!e! "a"ati $an!*n. +an )i!e%*t *(,h*ma.ma,ik '#(!e! 'en#i!ta$an "a"a &ina "en4a'ai @0, Mine#a$ %iji& 'a)a en)a'an ini !e$a$* %e#a!(!ia!i )enan %at*an %e* '$*t(ni *$t#a%a!a )an %a!a, -a#a te#%ent*n+a en)a'an ini %i!a te#ja)i )enan ; 4a#a. +ait* 8
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Pe(+edaa a,a(a Early Magmatic Deposits da Late Magmatic Deposits adalah :
•
Early Magmatic Deposits &a#*! te#$eta )a$a" %at*an %e* 'a)a te"'at 'enen)a'an
)an "ine#a$ %iji& te#a*"*$a!i !e%aai 'a)atan. ti)a a)a "(%i$ita! !ete$a& a*"*$a!i
•
Late Magmatic Deposits te#a*"*$a!i "e$a$*i "(%i$ita! )an en)a'an "*nin
te#$eta )enan !e"'it )an !e$a#a! )a$a" &(!t #(4 ata* "e"(t(n !t#*t*# inte#na$,
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Kete#anan 8 Yan )iata! "e#*'aan Ti'e P$*t(ni )an +an )i%a
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Kla/ifika/i Eda5a E5i,he(mal
Pa)a $in*nan e'ite#"a$ te#)a'at 2 )*a (n)i!i !i!te" &i)#(te#"a$ +an )a'at )i%e)aan %e#)a!a#an #ea!i +an te#ja)i )an ete#)a'atan "ine#a$"ine#a$ a$te#a!i )an "ine#a$ %iji&n+a +ait* e'ite#"a$ $(< !*$3i)a!i )an &i& !*$3i)a!i He)enJ*i!t et a$ ,.1@@6 2000 )a$a" Si%a#ani. 200, Pen$a!i3ia!ian en)a'an e'ite#"a$ "a!i& "e#*'aan 'e#)e%atan &ina !aat ini. aan teta'i !e%aian %e!a# "ena4* e'a)a a!'e "ine#a$(i )an gangue "ine#a$. )i"ana a!'e te#!e%*t "e#e3$e!ian a!'e i"ia 3$*i)a "a*'*n a!'e 'e#%an)inan a#ate#i!ti "ine#a$(i. a$te#a!i *%a&an )an %ent* en)a'an 'a)a $in*nan e'ite#"a$, A!'e i"ia )a#i 3$*i)a +an te#"ine#a$i!a!i a)a$a& !a$a& !at* 3at(# +an te#'entin )a$a" 'enent*an a'an "ine#a$i!a!i te#!e%*t te#ja)i )a$a" !i!te" &i)#(te#"a$, %6$6$ Ka(ak,e(i/,ik Eda5a E5i,e(mal Sulfida Redah 7 Ti5e Adula(ia-Se(i/i, 8 Epithermal Low Sulfidation 9 a6
Ti?aua Umum
En)a'an e'ite#"a$ !*$3i)a!i #en)a& )i4i#ian ($e& $a#*tan &i)#(te#"a$ +an %e#!i3at net#a$ )an "eni!i 4e$a&4e$a& %at*an, Ti'e ini %e#a!(!ia!i )enan a$te#a!i *a#!aa)*$a#ia. a#%(nat. !e#i!it 'a)a $in*nan !*$3*# #en)a& )an %ia!an+a 'e#%an)inan 'e#a )an e"a!
#e$ati3 tini, Mine#a$ %iji& )i4i#ian ($e& te#%ent*n+a e$et#*". 'e#a !*$3i)a. a#a" !*$3at. )an $(a" )a!a# !*$3i)a, Bat*an in)* 'a)a )e'(!it $(a" "*$ia !*$3i)a!i #en)a& a)a$a& an)e!it a$a$i. )a!it. #i()a!it ata* #i($it, Se4a#a ene!a !i!te" e'ite#"a$ !*$3i)a!i #en)a& %e#a!(!ia!i )enan 7*$ani!"e #i($iti, Ti'e ini )i(nt#($ ($e& !t#*t*#!t#*t*# 'e#e!e#an dilatational jog , +6 Gee/a da Ka(ak,e(i/,ik
En)a'an ini te#%ent* ja*& )a#i t*%*& int#*!i )an te#%ent* "e$a$*i $a#*tan !i!a "a"a +an %e#'in)a& ja*& )a#i !*"%e#n+a e"*)ian %e#4a"'*# )enan ai# "ete(#i )i )eat 'e#"*aan )an "e"%ent* je%aan ti'e !*$3i)a!i #en)a&. )i'ena#*&i ($e& !i!te" boiling !e%aai "eani!"e 'enen)a'an "ine#a$"ine#a$ %iji&, P#(!e! boiling )i!e#tai 'e$e'a!an *n!*# a! "e#*'aan '#(!e! *ta"a *nt* 'enen)a'an e"a! !e%aai #e!'(n ata! t*#*nn+a teanan, Pe#*$anan '#(!e! boiling aan te#4e#"in )a#i te!t*# crusstiform banding Q )a#i !i$ia )a$a" *#at *a#!a, Pe"%ent*an je%aan *#at *a#!a %e#a)a# tini "en!+a#atan 'e$e'a!an teanan !e4a#a ti%ati%a )a#i 4ai#an &i)#(te#"a$ *nt* "e"*ninan '#(!e! %(i$in, Si!te" ini te#%ent* 'a)a tet(ni $e"'en !*%)*!i. ($i!i )an 'e"ea#an He)enJ*i!t ),. 1@@6 )a$a" Pi#ajn(. 1@@2, K(nt#($ *ta"a te#&a)a' 'H 4ai#an a)a$a& (n!ent#a!i -O2 )a$a" $a#*tan )an !a$inita!, P#(!e! boiling )an te#$e'a!n+a -O2 e 3a!e *a' "enai%atan enaian 'H. !e&ina te#ja)i 'e#*%a&an !ta%i$ita! "ine#a$ 4(nt(&n+a )a#i i$$it e a)*$a#ia, Te#$e'a!n+a -O2 "en+e%a%an te#%ent*n+a a$!it. !e&ina *"*"n+a )ij*"'ai a)*$a#ia )an %$a)e) 4a$4ite !e%aai "ine#a$ 'en(t(# gangue minerals 'a)a *#at %iji& !i!te" !*$3i)a!i #en)a& En)a'an e'ite#"a$ !*$3i)a!i #en)a& aan %e#a!(!ia!i )enan a$te#a!i *a#!a:a)*$a#ia. a#%(nat )an !e#i!it 'a)a $in*nan !*$3*# #en)a&, La#*tan %iji& )a#i !i!te" !*$3i)a!i #en)a& 7a#ia!in+a %e#!i3at a$a$i &ina net#a$ 'H )enan a)a# a#a" #en)a& 06
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6
A/*/ia/i mie(al
Sti%nit. !inna%a#. a)*$a#ia. "eta$ !*$3i)a
Mie(al +i?ih
Pi#it. e$et#*". e"a!. !3a$e#it. a#!en('i#it
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P(n(#. Hi!&ia#i )an G($)en -#(!!
I,e(ak/i 4luida
!pithermal "ow #ulphidation te#%ent* )a$a" !*at* !i!te" e(te#"a$ +an )i)("ina!i ($e& ai# $(#it )enan 'H net#a$ )an te#)a'at (nt#i%*!i )("inan )a#i !i#*$a!i ai# "ete(#i +an )a$a" )an "enan)*n -O2. Na-$. an) H2S d6 M*del K*/e5,ual Eda5a Ema/ E5i,e(mal Sulfida/i Redah
Ga"%a# M()e$ en)a'an e"a! e'ite#"a$ !*$3i)a!i #en)a& He)enJ*i!t ),. 1@@6 )a$a" Nae$. 200, Ga"%a# )iata! "e#*'aan "()e$ (n!e't*a$ )a#i en)a'an e"a! !*$3i)a!i #en)a&, Da#i a"%a# te#!e%*t )a'at )i$i&at %a&
En)a'an e'ite#"a$ high sulfidation )i4i#ian )enan host rock %e#*'a %at*an 7*$ani %e#!i3at a!a" &ina inte#"e)iet )enan (nt#($ !t#*t*# %e#*'a !e!a# !e4a#a #ei(na$ ata* int#*!i !*%7*$ani. e)a$a"an 3(#"a!i %at*an !eita# 5002000 "ete# )an te"'e#at*# 1000- ;200-, En)a'an E'ite#"a$ $igh #ulfidation te#%ent* ($e& !i!te" )a#i 3$*i)a &i)#(te#"a$ +an %e#a!a$ )a#i int#*!i "a"ati +an 4**' )a$a". 3$*i)a ini %e#e#a !e4a#a 7e#tia$ )an &(#i9(nta$ "ene"%*! #ea&an#ea&an 'a)a %at*an )enan !*&* +an #e$ati3 tini 200 ;000-. 3$*i)a ini )i)("ina!i ($e& 3$*i)a "a"ati )enan an)*nan acidic +an tini +ait* %e#*'a H-$. SO2. H2S Pi#ajn(. 1@@2,
a6 Gee/a da Ka(ak,e(i/,ik
En)a'an e'ite#"a$ high sulfidation te#%ent* )a#i #ea!i %at*an in)* )enan 3$*i)a "a"a a!a" +an 'ana!. +an "en&a!i$an !*at* a#ate#i!ti 9(na a$te#a!i *%a&an +an a&i#n+a "e"%ent* en)a'an A*-*A, Si!te" %iji& "en*nj*an (nt#($ 'e#"ea%i$ita! +an te#ant*n ($e& 3at(# $it($(i. !t#*t*#. a$te#a!i )i %at*an !a"'in. "ine#a$(i %iji& )an e)a$a"an 3(#"a!i, $igh Ga"%a# Ke%e#a)aan !i!te" !*$3i)a!i tini sulphidation %e#&*%*nan )enan 'H a!a". ti"%*$ )a#i %e#4a"'*#n+a 3$*i)a +an "en)eati 'H a!a" )enan $a#*tan !i!a "a"a +an %e#!i3at en4e# !e%aai &a!i$ )a#i )i3e#en!ia!i "a"a. )i e)a$a"an +an )eat )enan ti'e en)a'an '(#3i#i )an )i4i#ian ($e& jeni! !*$3*# +an )i(!i)a!i "enja)i SO, +6 I,e(ak/i 4luida
E'it&e#"a$ $igh #ulphidation te#%ent* )a$a" !*at* !i!te" "a"ati4&+)#(t&e#"a$ +an )i)("ina!i ($e& 3$*i)a &i)#(t&e#"a$ +an a!a". )i"ana te#)a'at 3$*! $a#*tan "a"ati )an 7a'(# +an "enan)*n H2O. -O2. H-$. H2S. an) SO2. )enan 7a#ia%e$ in'*t )a#i ai# "ete(#i $(a$,
6
4UMAROL
=*"a#($ a)a$a& $*%an )i )a$a" e#a %*"i "a*'*n (%je a!t#(n("i +an $ain. +an !e#in te#)a'at )i !eita# *n*n %e#a'i. +an "ene$*a#an *a' )an a! !e'e#ti a#%(n )i(!i)a. !*$3*# )i(!i)a. a!a" &i)#($(#i. )an&i)#(en !*$3i)a, Na"a !($3ata#a. +an %e#a!a$ )a#i ata !($3( )a#i %a&a!a Ita$ia. !*$3*# )i%e#ian 'a)a 3*"a#($ +an "ene$*a#an a! !*$3*# , =*"a#($ %i!a te#)a'at )i !e'anjan #etaan e4i$ "a*'*n #ea&an +an 'anjan. )a$a" "e)an ata* $a!te# +an a4a* %a$a*. )an )i 'e#"*aan a$i#an $a7a !e#ta en)a'an a$i#an 'i#($a!ti +an te%a$, La'anan 3*"a#($ "e#*'aan !*at*
ata* &i$an )a$a" %e#"in*"in* ata* %e#%*$an%*$an jia %e#a)a )i '*n4a !e%*a& en)a'an 7($ani +an "a!i& %a#* )an 4e'at )inin, Hi)#(te#"a$ %e#aitan )enan ai# 'ana! +an %ia!a )i'aai )a$a" 'e"%ent*an $(a" "e$a$*i 'e"ana!an )enan 4ai#an 'ana! +an nai )a#i "a"a +an "en)inin, "ine#a$ +an te#%ent* )i $in*nan &i)#(te#"a$ a)a$a& &a!i$ '#e!i'ita!i )a#i $a#*tan ai# 'ana!, Pa)a 'e$e'a!an "ate#ia$ $a"a )an 'enen)a'an "ate#ia$ %a#* "enja)i 4i#i ati7ita! &i)#(te#"a$. !e#ta %an+a "ine#a$ 'e"%ent* '#(!e! +an "e$i%atan !($*!i. te#"a!* 'e$a'*an )an )iaene!a, Hi)#(te#"a$ "e#*'aan !*at* '#(!e! 'e"%ent*an "ine#a$ +an te#ja)i )i!eita# !*"%e# )a#i 'ana! %*"i )i)a$a" *$it %*"i +an te#ja)i ai%at a)an+a inje!i )a#i "a"a te#&a)a' ai# )enan ata $ain te#ja)i 'e$a#*tan ($e& "a"a !i!a +an %e#4a"'*# )enan ai# tana& !e&ina "ena$a"i 'en#i!ta$an, A)a %e%e#a'a !it*a!i e($(i +an )ina"i! )i "ana ai# )inin "enja)i 'ana!, Ai# )i ata! !eita# 50(- )iana' !e%aai 4ai#an &i)#(te#"a$, Da$a" %e%e#a'a !it*a!i. 'e"ana!an )i$a*an 'a)a !*&* )i ata! titi #iti! H2O ;?(- *nt* H2O "*#ni, Ka#ate#i!ti ai# +an %e#*%a& !a"a !aat it*. ja)i !*&* tini H2O $e%i& te'at )i!e%*t !e%aai 3a!e ai#, Ai# te#je%a )a$a" #*an '(#i a*"*$a!i !e)i"en )an )a$a" "ine#a$ &i)#at )an %anta$an&i)#(!i$ )a#i a*"*$a!i !e)i"en )i'ana!an !e$a"a 'eni"%*nan )i 4e*nan !e)i"en, Sa$a& !at* 'et*nj* )atan )a#i "ata ai# 'ana! )an 4ai#an 3*"a#($e, Di !ej*"$a& te"'at 3$*i)a ini &a)i# "enen)a'an !ej*"$a& e4i$ "ine#a$ %iji& $(a", Dan e!i"'*$ann+a !anat #a!i(na$ %a&
%empat &eterbentukan 'umarol pada #istem $idrotermal &6 P*(fi(i
En)a'an P(#3i#i a)a$a& en)a'an "ine#a$ +an te#ja)i ai%at !*at* int#*!i +an %e#!i3at inte#"e)ie#a!a". +an e"*)ian te#ja)i (nta )enan %at*an !a"'in +an "enai%atan te#ja)in+a "ine#a$i!a!i, P(#3i#i %e#!i3at e'ieneti, P#()* *ta"a )a#i P(#3i#i a)a$a& -*A* ata* -*M(, P(#3i#i te#%ent* )a#i %e%e#a'a ati3ita! int#*!i. te#)i#i )a#i *"'*$an )ie )an %#e!i int#*!i, Mine#a$i!a!i te#ja)i ai%at a$te#a!i %at*an !a"'in. )i!!e"inate) )an !t(4<(# "ine#a$i9ati(n, A$te#a!i +an te#ja)i 'a)a &(!t #(4 inten!i3 )an eten!i3 ai%at )a#i 3$*i)a &i)#(te#"a$ +an te#%ent*, Pa)a )a!a#n+a en)a'an '(#3i#i "e"'*n+ai t(nna!e +an %e!a# )an #a)e +an e4i$,
En)a'an P(#3i#i a)a$a& en)a'an 'en&a!i$ te"%aa -* te#%e!a#. $e%i& )a#i 50 , En)a'an '(#3i#i *"*"n+a te#%ent* 'a)a ja$*# (#(eni. 4(nt(&n+a 'a)a $ina# Pa!i3i, -(nt(& en)a'an ini )i In)(ne!ia. te#)a'at )i G#a!!%e#. Se$(i#i (n(!a#i En)a'an '(#3i#i a)a$a& !*at* en)a'an '#i"e# &i'(en +an %e#**#an #e$ati3 %e!a# )enan a)a# #en)a& !a"'ai "e)i*". Pa)a *"*"n+a )i(nt#($ ($e& !t#*t*# e($(i. Se4a#a !'a!ia$ )an eneti %e#&*%*nan )enan int#*!i '(#3i#iti 3e$!i !a"'ai )enan inte#"e)iet,
$6 Su+-,i5e eda5a 5*(fi(i a En)a'an P(#3i#i -* A*. M(. A. Re. PGE % En)a'an P(#3i#i -*M( A*. A 4 En)a'an P(#3i#i -*M(A* A ) En)a'an P(#3i#i -*A* A. M( e En)a'an P(#3i#i M( . Sn 3 En)a'an P(#3i#i Sn . M(. A. Bi. -*. /n. In
!6 3ei/ mie(al a P(#3i#i te"%aa
-&a$4('+#ite. P+#ite. -&a$4(4ite. B(#nite. M($+%)enite. Ga$ena. Manetite. G($). -(''e# % P(#3i#i ti"a&A#!en('+#ite. =#aneite. P+##&(tite. S'&a$e#ite. -&a$4('+#ite. Ga$ena. Stannite.=$*(#iteTet#a&e)#iteTennantite. S&ee$ite %6 Ti5e al,e(a/i a P(#3i#i te"%aa P#('+$iti4 A#i$$i4 P&+$$i4>Se#i4iti9ati(n P(ta!!i4 % P(#3i#i ti"a& P#('+$iti4 A#i$$i4 P&+$$i4>Se#i4iti9ati(n T(*#"a$ini9ati(n 6 Te,*i /e,,i. Meta$$(eni4 P#(7in4e +an #e$ati3 "e"anjan )an )ana$ +an %e#a!(!ia!i )enan !a%* ja$*# (#(eni, a, En)a'an te"%aa '(#3i#i An)e!iti4 !t#at(7($4an(e! +an %e#&*%*nan )enan !*%)*!i 'a)a tatanantet(ni %*!*# e'*$a*an )an %*!*# %en*a, %, En)a'an "($i%)en*" '(#3i#i An(#(eni4 %at*an #anit +an te#%ent* 'a)a e#a %en*a. &*!*!n+a 'a)a 9(na #eanan, 4, Be%e#a'a en)a'an P(#3i#i M(. P(#3i#i M( )an P(#3i#i Sn te#%ent* 'a)a e#a %en*a +an !anat te%a$ +an %e#&*%*nan )enan 4($$(!i(n,
&6 4luida Bi?ih a, =$*i) in4$*!i(n Ki!a#an8 25050- )enan !a$inita! 150
"6 Ka(ak,e(i/,ik Mie(ali/a/i Da$a" !a$a en)a'an %iji& (#e )e'(!it!. %e%e#a'a ti'e "ine#a$i!a!i %e#*'a 7ein!. 7ein !et!. !t(4<(#!. 3#a4t*#e!. W4#a4$e) 9(ne!W an) %#e44ia 'i'e! 'a)a *"*"n+a %e#a!(!ia!i )enan !t#*t*#, Se4a#a #ei(na$. !*at* ("'$e! en)a'an '(#3i#i +an "e"i$ii ni$ai e(n("i! %ia!an+a )i4i#ian ($e& tinin+a tinat e#a'atan "ine#a$i9e) 7ein! an) 3#a4t*#e!, *"$a&>(n!ent#a!i 7ein$et! te#!e%*t aan !e"ain %e!a# )enan %e#ta"%a&n+a 'e#"ea%i$ita! %at*an in)* &(!t #(4 !e'anjan %e#$an!*nn+a '#(!e! "ine#a$i!a!i, K("'(!i!i "ine#a$(i !*at* en)a'an '(#3i#i !e4a#a *"*" 4**' %e#7a#ia!i, Ke&a)i#an 'i#it =eS2 !e%aai "ine#a$ !*$3i)a +an )("inan )a'at "en4i#ian en)a'an '(#3i#i -*. -*M( )an -*A* A. +an "en*nj*an tinin+a '(#!i !*$3*# +an te#)a'at )a$a" en)a'an, Se%a$in+a. 'a)a en)a'an '(#3i#i Sn. )an M( aan "e"'e#$i&atan an)*nan !*$3*# )an "ine#a$"ine#a$ !*$3i)a +an #en)a&. )i"ana e&a)i#an "ine#a$"ine#a$ (!i)a aan $e%i& )("inan, )6 @*a Al,e(a/i L*>ell-Gui+e(, "e"%ai en)a'an '(#3i#i "enja)i %e%e#a'a 9(na %e)a!a#an a!(!ia!i "ine#a$n+a. +ait* •
Potassic Zone : !e$a$* &a)i# )a$a" en)a'an '(#3i#i, Di4i#ian ($e&8 K3e$!'a#
!e*n)e#. %i(tit. )an ata* $(#it +an "enantian K3e$!'a#, •
Phyllic Zone : ti)a !e$a$* a)a )a$a" en)a'an '(#3i#i, Di4i#ian ($e&8 vein quartz(
sericite an) pyrite an) "in(# chlorite( illite )an rutile "enantian K!'a# an) biotite, •
Argillic Zone : ti)a !e$a$* a)a )a$a" en)a'an '(#3i#i, Di4i#ian ($e&8 "ine#a$
$e"'*n a($inite )an "(nt"(#i$$(nite )enan !e)iit )i!!e"inate) 'i#it, P$ai(4$a!e te#a$te#a!i *at. K!'a# ti)a te#'ena#*&. )an %i(tit "ena$a"i $(#iti!a!i, •
Propylitic Zone !e$a$* a)a )a$a" en)a'an '(#3i#i, Di4i#ian ($e&8 $(#it. a$!it )an
"in(# e'i)(te, Mine#a$ "a3i te#*%a& !anat *at !e)anan '$ai($a! !e)it te#*%a&, Se)anan %e#)a!a#an "ine#a$ %iji&n+a. en)a'an '(#3i#i )i%ai "enja)i %e%e#a'a 9(na. +ait*8 X Inner Zone : %e#!a"aan )enan 9(na a$te#a!i '(ta!i, Menan)*n !e)iit !*$3i)a. ta'i 'a$in %an+a "enan)*n M($+%)en*", P+#ite 25 )an #a!i( '+>4' !eita# ;81, Mine#a$i!a!i $e%i& %an+a disseminated )a#i'a)a !t(4<(#, X Ore Zone : %e#a)a 'a)a 'e#%ata!an 9(na '(ta!i )an 3i$i, P+#ite 510 )an #a!i( ' +>4' !eita# 2,581) Mine#a$ %iji& *ta"a8 chalcopyrite +an &a)i# !e%aai !t(4<(# 7ein$et, Mine#a$ %iji& $ainn+a8 bornite. enargite an) chalcocite, X Pyrite Zone : $e%i& %an+a te#)a'at 'a)a 9(na 3i$i )an a#i$i, Kan)*nan 'i#it tini 10 15 )an #a!i( '+>4' !eita# 1581, Mine#a$i!a!i &a)i# !e%aai *#at )an )i!!e"ina!i,
X Outer Zone : &a)i# %e#!a"aan )enan '#('+$iti4 9(ne, *yrite "in(#. )an "ine#a$i!a!i 4(''e# !anat ja#an, S'&a$e#ite )an a$ena !anat *"*" )ij*"'ai. ta'i %ia!an+a sub-ore grade, Mine#a$i!a!i &a)i# %e#*'a 7ein !e%ena#n+a "i#i' 7ein e'it&e#"a$,
Si!i te#)a$a" inne# 9(ne
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DA4TAR PUSTAKA
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Guilbert, J.M., dan Park,C.P., 1986, The geology of ore deposits. WH Freeman: New Yrk. !.N Camern dkk,19"9, #nternal $tru%ture & 'raniti% (e'matite$. !%nmi% Gel') Pub *a)lr, H.P., Jr., 19+, -18-16 e/iden%e &r meteri%0)drtermal alteratin and re de($itin in te *n(a, Cm$t%k 2de, and Gld3eldMinin' 4i$tri%t$, Ne/ada: !%nmi% Gel'), /. 68, (. +"+0+6". 5ibarani, u'u$t P,78, 5tudi mikr$k(i untuk /eri3ka$i a$il anali$i$ 4 dan anali$i$ tek$tur (ada $am(el urat %iuru' enda(an e(itermal Pn'kr #ndne$ia, Pr'ram Pertamban'an, Fakulta$ *eknl'i Pertamban'an dab Permin)akan, #*; Crbett G.J. and 2ea% *.M., 1998, Southwest Pacic Rim Gold-copper Systems: Structure, Alteration and Mineralisation. 5%iet) & !%nmi% Gel'i$t$, <5, 5(e%ial Publi%atin
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Hede=ui$t, J.W., rriba$, ., dan
(lratin &r !(itermal Gld de($it$, !%nmi% Gel'), /l.1 , (. 7"?07++ F. Pira@n 1997. ydrothermal Mineral !eposits" Principles and #undamental $oncepts for the %&ploration Geologist . >/iii A +9 ((. ;erlin, Heidelber', New Yrk, 2ndn, Pari$, *k), Hn' Bn': 5(rin'er0erla'. tt($:%erita'el'i.wrd(re$$.%m717171+enda(an0(r3ri0%u Ddiambil (ada tan''al + 4e$ember 71? (ukul 18. W#;E tba0'e$%ien%e.bl'$(t.%m7118enda(an0mineral0ti(e0 (r3ri.tml Ddiambil (ada tan''al + 4e$ember 71? (ukul 18. W#;E tt(:te'
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