Obntndf 3/0;8< | Jhy & Aufo 0;8< www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
EOHPF
BOSNIF
SMHPO
H I[S I[S sy syfc fcmr mrdfn dfnzob zob ced cedcg cg wntm socdfbs bnspehy Hfbrdnb Hfbrd nb joo joots ts Hrbun Hr bunfd fd tmrduim tmo @eyfg lrhjowdrg
Ymncm 'Scdpo (ldr ydu)4
Oeogtdr's Fow [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg
H sjhee `uyor's iunbo iunbo ?;-Y Sdehr Coee \dethio Poiuehtdr • Hfbrdnb joots Hrbunfd • Corhjnc vorsus Rhftheuj • CnrcuntJhgor Rnps & Rrncgs • Cdrroctndfs, _pbhtos, hfb Loob`hcg • OHIEO Rnps & Rrncgs • Oeogtdr Mnim-[dwor HL Hjpenlnor (8>=<) • Oeogtdr Eh`s1 fow eddg & looe • H I[S Cdftrdeeob Ienbor • Mhfby Oeoctrdfncs Rnps • Moxhbdgu
• n-[ofbueuj • Eoid Jnfbstdrjs Oeoctrncnty Jdfntdr • Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor • Fow [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg • [ocuenhr [hrts1 Shturh`eo Pohctdrs
Rmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg
P[n + _/S + \dnco Syftm
• [rocnsndf Cdftrde ldr BC Jdtdrs • [rdirhjjors hfb Bo`uiiors • X&H1 [rnftob Cnrcunt @dhrb [ehfos • S₥J Sjhrt Oforiy Jdfntdr • Scrdeenfi @hffor ldr Hrbunfd • Rmo Leht Bnstrn`utob Cedub (LBC) ?I Hrcmntocturo Povdeutndf
• Rmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg • Rwnf@dt toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor • Ymncm ”Scdpo4 • ^ot Hfdtmor @uttdf Coee Cmhrior • hfb jdro
[ncdScdpo ?;;; Sornos ®
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Dscneedscdpo rosdeutndf
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www.pncdtocm.cdj www .pncdtocm.cdj/[S2?0
Obntndf 3/0;8< \deujo 20, Fd. 293 & 292 Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
NSSF 8>29-39?3 (_SH / Chfhbh bnstrn`utndf) NSSF 89?9-;=9? (_G / PDY bnstrn`utndf) www.oeogtdr.cdj www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj www.oeogtdr-eh`s.cdj
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo, Ofiensm obntndf ns pu`ensmob < tnjos h yohr `y Oeogtdr Nftorfhtndfhe Jobnh 9= ^drg Stroot
Fdt lrdj scrhtcm
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Mohb Dffico1 Oeogtdr Nftorfhtndfhe Jobnh `.v. `.v.
orhe, ospocnheey nf tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor hfb prdirhjjnfi bophrtjofts. bophrtjofts. Rmht just `o
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Rmo Fotmorehfbs
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[mdfo1 (+38) 2< 23=>222
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Lhx1 (+38) 2< 239;8<8
joft hfb tocmfdedinos, N wdueb upmdeb tmht aust hs jucm luf hfb shtnslhctndf chf `o d`thnfob lrdj romhsmnfi hf oxnstnfi bosnif, ofmhfcnfi dfo, dr rostdrnfi h ceufgor td
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Rmo Fnxno cedcg nf tmns obntndf mhs twd ofmhfcojofts dvor nts probocossdr lrdj 0;821
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h socdfbs bnint hfb njprdvob tnjogoopnfi. Rmo bosnifors wdrgnfi df tmo prdaoct tdeb jo tmht tmo odrt tmht woft nftd phtcmnfi tmo sdltwhro hfb hbhptnfi tmo [C@ bosnif roturfob jdro oftmusnhsj h`dut tmo 0;82 drninfhe tmhf tmoy oxpornofcob twd yohrs
Hbvortnsnfi & Spdfsdrnfi1 Admhf Bnag [mdfo1 +38 < 8?=>202? O-jhne1 admhf.bnagKonjwdre admhf.bnagKonjwdreb.cdj b.cdj
hid. N `oenovo tmht„s buo td tmo nftrnfsnc foob td lueey hpprocnhto hfb ufborsthfb h bosnif `oldro ydu chf jhgo hbbntndfs, dr cmhfio cdjpdfofts ―aust `ochuso tmoy„ro jdro sthto dl tmo hrt‚. Mofco dur sjhee `ut porcoptnvo cmhfio td tmo prdaoct tnteo wmncm fdw rohbs ―Fow [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg‚.
www.oeogtdr.cdj/hbvortnsnfi Hbvortnsnfi rhtos hfb torjs hvhneh`eo df
Phtmor tmhf romhsmnfi h prdaoct, tmo pu`enchtndf dl nts Jg. 0 vorsndf smdueb cdjprnso `dtm tmo ldufbhtndfs dl tmo `unebnfi hfb tmo fow oxtofsndfs, wmneo cdfvnfcnfi rohbors
roquost.
tmo ”wdfborlue upirhbo„ ns wdrtm nts shet. Rmo 8-gY hubnd hjp df phio 802 ns h fdtncoh`eo oxcoptndf ‒ nt whs sd iddb fd upirhbo td 0 gY whs ovor httojptob `ut tmht jhy `o `ochuso dur eh`s idt tnrob dl ropehcnfi tmo lusos. Cdpyrnimt Fdtnco Rmo cnrcunts boscrn`ob nf tmns jhihznfo hro ldr bdjostnc hfb obuchtndfhe uso dfey. Hee brhwnfis, pmdtdirhpms, prnftob cnrcunt `dhrb ehyduts, prdirhjjob nftoirhtob
Ofady rohbnfi tmns obntndf, Ahf @untnfi, Obntdr-nf-Cmnol
cnrcunts, bnsgs, CB-PDJs, B\Bs, sdltwhro chrrnors, hfb hrtnceo toxts pu`ensmob nf dur `ddgs hfb jhihznfos (dtmor tmhf tmnrb-phrty hbvortnsojofts) hro cdpyrnimt Oeogtdr Nftorfhtndfhe Jobnh `.v. hfb jhy fdt `o roprdbucob dr trhfsjnttob nf hfy ldrj dr `y hfy johfs,
Rmo Cnrcunt
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tmo [u`ensmor. Sucm wrnttof porjnssndf just hesd `o
[u`ensmor1
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Joj`orsmnp Jhfhior1
Phdue Jdrrohu
jhy oxnst nf rospoct dl cnrcunts, bovncos, cdjpdfofts
Suppdrt Oxocutnvo1
Cnfby Rnassof
otc. boscrn`ob nf tmns jhihznfo. Rmo [u`ensmor bdos fdt
Nftorfhtndfhe Obntdrnhe Sth1
Rmnas @ocgors, Jhrnenfo Rmno`hut-@rdbnor
d`thnfob `oldro hfy phrt dl tmns pu`enchtndf ns stdrob nf h rotrnovhe systoj dl hfy fhturo. [htoft prdtoctndf
hccopt rospdfsn`nenty ldr lhnenfi td nboftnly sucm pht-
Bofns Joyor, Aofs Fncgoe
oft(s) dr dtmor prdtoctndf. Rmo [u`ensmor bnscehnjs hfy rospdfsn`nenty ldr tmo shlo hfb prdpor lufctndf dl rohb-
Eh`drhtdry Sth1
or-hssoj`eob prdaocts `hsob updf dr lrdj scmojhtncs,
Ceojofs \heofs, Ahf \nssor
boscrnptndfs dr nfldrjhtndf pu`ensmob nf dr nf roehtndf wntm Oeogtdr jhihznfo.
Rdf Inos`or Inos`orts, ts, Euc Eojjofs,
Irhpmnc Bosnif & [ropross1
Inoe Bdes
Dfenfo Jhfhior1
Bhfnçeeo Jortofs
© Oeogtdr Nftorfhtndfhe Jobnh `.v. `.v. 0;8< [rnftob nf tmo _SH
[rnftob nf tmo Fotmorehfbs
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2< Oeogtdr Eh`s1 fow eddg & looe 882 Oeogtdr Stdro 80= Oeogtdr Ydreb Fows 83; [ehy & Ynf1 Moxhbdgu, tmo drninfhe Oeogtdrnzob Moxhbdgu
EOHPF
BOSNIF
SMHPO
= Yoecdjo td tmo EOHPF soctndf > Rnps & Rrncgs lrdj rohbors ldr rohbors
FOY [POCNSO FN]NO CEDCG Yo `ot ydu mhvo soof jhfy Fnxno cedcgs, n fceubnfi Oeogtdr„s ”procnso‚ dfo prosoftob `hcg nf Fdvoj`or 0;82. Moro, hihnf wo cdj`nfo jdborf hfb eoihcy tocmfdedinos (johfnfi jncrdcdftrdeeors hfb vhcuuj tu`os), `ut tmns tnjo hbb I[S syfcmrdfnzhtndf, hfb h snxtm Fnxno tu`o td smdws tmo socdfbs.
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8; [rdirhjjors hfb Bo`uiiors Hf dvorvnow dl bovoedpjoft tddes ldr `oinffors.
8< Ymncm ”Scdpo4 H tocmfncheey-brnvof survoy dl hspocts td cdfsnbor wmof `uynfi hf dscneedscdpo
02 CnrcuntJhgor Rnps & Rrncgs Rrncgs (8) Hetnuj„s CnrcuntJhgor tdde ns h roehtnvo fowcdjor wntm h mohvy ldcus df Dpof Mhrbwhro hfb tmo Jhgor cdjjufnty
0< X & H Fohrey ovorytmnfi ydu whftob td gfdw h`dut… [rnftob Cnrcunt @dhrb [ehfos
0= Hfbrdnb joots Hrbunfd Rmo @eyfg lrhjowdrg prdirhjjnfi tdde turfs dut td `o tmo porloct enfg.
33 [ocuenhr [hrts, [hrts, tmo sornos1 Shturh`eo Pohctdrs ^ot ^ot hfdtmor phrt ydu„ee rhroey cdjo hcrdss tmoso bhys.
32 OHIEO Rnps Rnps & Rrncgs (3) Rmns jdftm1 custdj @DJ dutput iddbnos.
?< Fow [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg Hjdfi tmo ufusuhe lohturos dl tmns cedcg hro I[S syfcmnfi hfb h socdfbs bnspehy.
<2 Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor (0) Rmns tnjo wo boevo nftd tmo sdltwhro snbo dl tmnfis.
9; ?;-Y Sdehr Sdehr Coee \dethio Poiuehtdr Poiuehtdr Rmns bosnif ns ldr 80-\ eohb-hcnb `httornos hfb 80-8? \ sdehr phfoes.
9< Rmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg =8 Rwnf@dt H eddg ht tmo bosnif prdcoss dl h toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor. scddtor.
EOHPF
BOSNIF
SMHPO
2= Yoecdjo td tmo BOSNIF soctndf 2>n-[ofbueuj 2>n-[ofbueuj (8)
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
^dur nfirobnofts1 h RHDSnfc RHDSnfc sofsdr hfb h Eoid F]R `rncg.
=> S₥J ($OJ)
Nf [hrt 8 wo gncg d wntm jdboenfi, cdftrde ehws hfb sdjo Ghejhf etor tmodry.
2
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www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
H stuby nftd tmo bosnif hfb prhctnche rohenzhtndf dl h Sjhrt Oforiy Jdfntdr.
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Hltor tmo juetnjotor hf dscneedscdpo ns tmo jdst njpdrthft pnoco dl tost oqunpjoft dl ovory hctnvo oeoctrdfncnst. Nt cdjpeojofts usolueey dtmor ossoftnhe bovncos sucm hs eh` pdwor suppey hfb h lufctndf ioforhtdr. ioforhtdr. Nl ydu„ro eddgnfi td `uy hf dscneedscdpo ldr md``y purpdsos dr ldr h sjhee eh`, tmoso bhys ydu„ee fb h wnbo soeoctndf dl bovncos nf h vhrnoty dl prnco rhfios. Rmns ropdrt hnjs ht thgnfi tmo wdrry dut dl cmddsnfi hfb jhgo tmo rnimt bocnsndf ohsnor ldr tmo `uyor.
80; Lrdj tmo Eh`s1 Bnvorsnty supor h`dufbs H sjhee phrhbo dl ”mdt„ prdaocts lrdj Oeogtdr„s gntcmof.
808 Yo` Scdutnfi1 Mhfby Oeoctrdfncs Rnps Rmo Nftorfot cdjos td tmo roscuo wntm ydur rophnr hfb bosnif wdrg.
88< Orr-eoctrdfncs1 Cdrroctndfs, _pbhtos, hfb Loob`hcg1 [ehtnfd Sdebor Sthtndf7 [ehtnfd, tmo Poturf7 Eot Rmoro `o EOB!
802 Potrdfncs1 Oeogtdr Mnim-[dwor HL Hjpenor (8>=<) Dfo gnedwhtt dl MnLn lrdj h `ufcm `ufcm dl LORs LORs ‒ h sofshtndfhe, nfspnrnfi, hfb luso mufiry prdaoct nt whs `hcg tmof.
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?;-Y SDEHP COEE POI_EHRDP Drninfheey nftofbob ldr h sjhee wohtmor sthtndf, tmns sdehr phfoe pdwor roiuehtndf jdbueo ns nbohe ldr hee dtmor edw cdfsujptndf hppenchtndfs tdd. Rmo prdaoct hesd bdu`eos ldr brnvnfi EOB dutbddr enimtnfi ufbor cdftrde dl h tnjo swntcm.
Nt„s ohsy ofduim tmoso bhys td cdffoct h jncrdcdftrdeeor td h YEHF hfb jhgo nt phrt dl tmo ”Nftorfot dl Rmnfis„ (NdR), hfb h wnbo rhfio dl cmnps hfb hbb-df `dhrbs ns hvhneh`eo td moep. @ut ns nt pdssn`eo td ropehco tmoso twd-phrt bosnifs wntm sdjotmnfi jdro cdjphct, wmoro tmo YEHF cmnp ntsoel thgos dvor tmo ad` dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor4
@rncg-`y-@rncg [dwor suppey >< Scrdeenfi @hffor ldr Hrbunfd
[OFB_E_J
Rmo snjpencnty dl `unebnfi prdaocts wntm hf Hrbunfd goops hjhznfi us. Moro nt brnvos h 8< x 8< EOB josshio `dhrb.
8;0 H I[S Cdftrdeeob Ienbor Pnsnfi td tmo cmheeofio dl jhgnfi h jdboe hnrcrhlt ffy hutdfdjdusey dvor ehrio bnsthfcos.
8;< ^ot Hfdtmor Hfdtmor @uttdf Coee Cmhrior Hs h vhrnhtndf df h tmojo wo tmduimt wo„b hbb h cedtmos poi hfb hf HRjoih30=.
Drninfheey bosnifob hs h jdro cdjphct pdwor suppey ldr dur 8;-JMz BBS Lufctndf Ioforhtdr tmo `dhrb boscrn`ob nf tmns hrtnceo chf bdu`eo ldr dtmor hppenchtndfs wmof ttob dut wntm bnoroft jdbueos. Soeoctnfi, cdj`nfnfi hfb dptnjnznfi, tmht„s wmht tmns prdaoct ns hee h`dut.
Rnjosmnlt Phbnd Rmns prdaoct shvos hubnd bhth roconvob nftd h cnrcuehr `ullor (rnfi jojdry), ofh`enfi ydu td ropehy nt df bojhfb. H Sneh`s roconvor, hf hubnd cdboc hfb h sjhee HPJ prdcossdr `dhrb hro tmo nfirobnofts ydu„ee foob.
88; [rocnsndf Cdftrde ldr BC Jdtdrs Hppey h BC vdethio eovoe lrdj ; td ? \ hfb iot tmht jdtdr spnfbeo td rospdfb vory hccurhtoey.
Fdto1 wo roirot tmht buo td ehcg dl sphco, ―JyBHX Dphjp Jnfn Gnt‚ hfb ―EOBntrdf 9-soijoft Bnspehy‚ cdueb fdt `o pu`ensmob hs hffdufcob. Rmoso prdaocts wnee fdw hppohr nf obntndf 2 / 0;8< (Auey & Huiust).
EOHPF
BOSNIF
SMHPO
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo obntndf 2 / 0;8< cdvornfi Auey & Huiust ns pu`ensmob df Aufo 82, 0;8<.
88= Yoecdjo td tmo SMHPO soctndf
Boenvory dl prnftob cdpnos td Oeogtdr Ideb Joj`ors ns su`aoct td trhfspdrt.
Rhftheuj 88> Lrdj tmo Eh`s1 Corhjnc vorsus Rhftheuj
Cdftofts hfb hrtnceo tnteos su`aoct td cmhfio.
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Rmo Oeogtdr Cdjjufnty EOHPF
BOSNIF
SMHPO
Oeogtdr `rohgs tmo cdfstrhnfts dl h jhihznfo. Nt„s h cdjjufnty dl hctnvo o-ofinfoors ‒ lrdj fdvncos td prdlossndfhes ‒ ohior td eohrf, jhgo, bosnif, hfb smhro surprnsnfi oeoctrdfncs. Oeogtdr Yo` Stdro1 02/9 Stdro1 02/9 chfby stdro ldr ovory oeoctrdfncs ofinfoor! [orjhfoft 8;% bnscduft ldr IPOOF hfb IDEB Joj`ors. www.oeogtdr.cdj
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo1 Snx Jhihznfo1 Snx tnjos por yohr h tmncg pu`enchtndf phcgob wntm oeoctrdfncs prdaocts, prdaocts, fows, rovnows, tnps hfb trncgs. www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Oeogtdr [C@ Sorvnco1 Drbor Sorvnco1 Drbor ydur dwf [C@s, `dtm dfo-ds hfb ehrior rufs. www.oeogtdrpc`sorvnco.cdj
Oeogtdr Yoogey & [hporeoss1 ^dur ^dur bninthe woogey fows upbhto. upbhto. Lroo. Lroo. www.oeogtdr.cdj/fowseottor
Oeogtdr Hchbojy1 Yo`nfhrs, Hchbojy1 Yo`nfhrs, Sojnfhrs, [rosofthtndfs, [rosofthtndfs, Ydrgsmdps hfb B\Bs ... [rhctnco-drnoftob [rhctnco-drnoftob eohrfnfi. www.oeogtdr-hchbojy.cdj
Oeogtdr @ddgs1 Hrbunfd, @ddgs1 Hrbunfd, Phsp`orry [n, jncrdcdftrdeeors, Enfux hfb jdro. Hvhneh`eo nf dur dfenfo stdro wntm h 8;% Joj`or bnscduft! www.oeogtdr.cdj/`ddgs
Oeogtdr R\1 Povnows, R\1 Povnows, tnjoehpso, uf`dxnfi hfb porsdfhe adurfhes. Yhtcmnfi ns eohrfnfi. www.ydutu`o.cdj/usor/OeogtdrNJ
Oeogtdr Eh`s1 Smdwchsnfi Eh`s1 Smdwchsnfi ydur dwf prdaocts hfb eohrfnfi lrdj dtmors. Yo bovoedp hfb tost ydur nbohs! www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/eh`s
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Oeogtdr Jhihznfo ([rnft)
✒
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo ([rnft)
✝
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo ([rnft)
✒
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo (Bninthe)
✒
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo (Bninthe)
✝
Oeogtdr Jhihznfo (Bninthe)
✒ Hccoss
td Oeogtdr Hrcmnvo
✒ Hccoss
td Oeogtdr Hrcmnvo
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✒ 8;%
Bnscduft nf Oeogtdr Stdro
✒ 8;%
Bnscduft nf Oeogtdr Stdro
✝ 8;%
Bnscduft nf Oeogtdr Stdro
✒
woogey o-znfo
✒
woogey o-znfo
✒
woogey o-znfo
✒ Oxceusnvo
Dors
✒ Oxceusnvo
Dors
✒ Oxceusnvo
Dors
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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02 0 29;38
8;32
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Cduftrnos
Oftmusnhstnc Joj`ors
Oxports & Hutmdr Hutmdrs s
[u`enchtndfs
03 0 3?8;0 Jdftmey \nsntdrs
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj H Ydreb dl Oeoctrdfncs Fows Oeoctrdfncs oftmusnhsts chf oxpedro h wdreb dl prdaocts, fows, hfb jdvnos df dur cdjpeotoey rovhjpob jhihznfo wo`snto. Cencg df tmo tdp dl tmo jofu td cmddso tmo Butcm, Ofiensm, Iorjhf dr Lrofcm vorsndf, hfb uso tmo nftoeenioft sohrcm tddes td fb nfldrjhtndf hfb hrtnceos quncgey. Snif up td dur cdjjufnty hs h IPOOF dr IDEB Joj`or, Joj`or, hfb wntm ydur porsdfhe edinf bothnes ydu wnee mhvo luee hccoss td jhfy oxtrhs sucm hs spocnhe dors hfb bnscdufts nf dur dfenfo stdro. ^du chf hesd jhfhio ydur hccduft nfldrjhtndf, nfceubnfi ydur joj`orsmnp td tmo prnftob jhihznfo hfb tmo Oeogtdr woogey fowseottor. fowseottor.
Yoogey & [hporeoss Iot h ahj-phcgob Oeogtdr ovory woog
Adnf tmo jdro tmhf 80; G oeoctrdfncs oftmusnhsts wmd roconvo tmo lroo & phporeoss Oeogtdr. Oeogtdr. Ovory woog ydu iot h soeoctndf dl fows, tnps hfb trofbs nf ydur ojhne nf`dx. ^du wnee hesd iot spocnhe dors hfb bnscdufts ldr tmo dfenfo stdro. Snif up tdbhy1 www.oeogtdr.cdj/fowseottor
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Yoecdjo td tmo t mo EOHPF soctndf
O P H M S
F I N S O B
F P H O E
@y Aofs
Fncgoe
H prdaoct wntm ydur ydur pdcgot cdjputor Hfydfo tmnfgnfi h`dut bovoedpnfi hf hppenchtndf td oxorcnso cdftrde lufctndfs vnh tmo nftorfot (h mdjo hutdjhtndf hppenchtndf ldr oxhjpeo) wnee fd bdu`t `o nfceubnfi h sjhrt pmdfo nf tmo sotup. ^dur vory dwf pdcgot cdjputor mhs h mnim rosdeutndf bnspehy, nbohe ldr bnspehynfi tmnfis engo whvoldrjs hfb h cdfvofnoft usor nftorlhco tmht heedws ydu td aust tducm hrohs dl tmo scroof td oxorcnso cdftrde. Sucm h prdaoct wdueb roqunro h thnedr jhbo usor-Nftorlhco wmncm dl cdurso ns idnfi td nfvdevo h corthnf hjduft dl prdirhjjnfi. Ldr fdd`s thgnfi tmonr rst stops nf sjhrtpmdfo prdirhjjnfi tmoro„s tmoro„s h mhrb why hfb tmof tmoro„s hf ohsy why. Rmo bnfficuet why ns vnh sjhrtpmdfo prdirhjjnfi usnfi hf hpprdprnhto (fhtnvo) prdirhjjnfi ehfiuhio. Ldr tmo Hfbrdnb sjhrtpmdfo tmoro ns h pdworlue bovoedpjoft ofvnrdfjoft hfb h mdst dl Ahvh cehssos hvhneh`eo wmncm eohvo hejdst fdtmnfi whftnfi. H foht lohturo dl Hfbrdnb Stubnd ns tmht fdt dfey bdos nt nfbnchto orrdrs nf tmo sdurco cdbo nt hesd suiiosts vhrndus sdeutndfs. Aust h cencg wnee `nfb h jnssnfi cehss eo dr hbb tmo focosshry cdfstructdr cdbo nboftnob `y tmo ruf tnjo orrdr. Mdwovor nt„s dltof shnb tmht tmoro ns h fo enfo `otwoof iofnus hfb nfshfnty. ^du jnimt ovof tmnfg ydu hro sthrtnfi td id h `nt `hfhfhs ydursoel wmof ydu `oinf oxpornjoftnfi wntm cdbo oxhjpeos ldufb df sdjo ”dfficnhe„ nftorfot sntos tmht ydu wdueb tmnfg, smdueb wdrg prdporey. prdporey. Yntm hfy eucg ydu jnimt stuj`eo df hf nftorfot phio toeenfi ydu tmht Hfbrdnb„s socurnty lohturos mhvo hf nssuo wntm h phrtncuehr hpp td jhgo nt crhsm. c rhsm. Ldr oxhjpeo nt„s fdt sd ohsy td sofb josshios bnroctey dut td tmo fotwdrg lrdj tmo JhnfHctnvnty. Ehydut dl h I_N ns h stoop eohrfnfi curvo hfb jhy woee rosuet nf h corthnf hjduft dl mhnr edss. Rmo cdftrde wnbiots hro pdsntndfob roehtnvo td dfo hfdtmor hfb roqunro h corthnf hjduft dl bbey pdsntndfnfi hfb enfnfi up uftne ydu hro shtnsob tmht ydur dwf I_N ehydut wnee bd tmo ad`. @oinffors just `o hwhro tmoy foob td nfvost tmo focosshry tnjo td `o suro dl hfy succoss. Rmo nfvostjoft mdwovor ns woee wdrtm nt nl ydu pehf td wrnto jdro tmhf, shy dfo sjhee hpp por yohr. Rmdso dl ydu nftorostob nf hcmnovnfi ydur idhe jdro quncgey hesd mhvo edts dl tddes ht ydur bnspdshe. Rmoro ns fdw jdro tmhf dfo systoj df tmo jhrgot wmncm chf `o usob td `uneb h usor nftorlhco ldr sjhrtpmdfos vory ohsney. ohsney. _snfi Brhi hfb Brdp, ydu chf pehco `hsnc wnbiots sucm hs senbors hfb `uttdfs hfb hesd hssnif hf hctndf td tmo cdftrde oeojoft. H jhadr `ofot ns tmht tmo ufboreynfi lrhjowdrg hesd dors h corthnf eovoe dl pehtldrj nfbopofbofco, sd td swntcm pehtldrjs td n[mdfo ldr oxhjpeo, ydu bdf„t foob td sthrt bovoedpnfi lrdj scrhtcm hihnf. Nf tmns EOHPF soctndf wo jnimt suiiost ldr oxhjpeo tmo @eyfg Lrhjowdrg. Hesd wdrtm h joftndf ns tmo FotND `y Bhvnb Oncgmd. Nf lhct, ovof N jhfhiob td njpeojoft h systoj cdftrde (nf cdffoctndf wntm Oeogtdr@us prdaocts) `hsob df MRJE hfb usnfi hf Hfbrdnb-Sjhrtpmdfo _N. Ymncmovor phtm ydu cmddso, ydu chf roey df Oeogtdr td `o moro ldr ydu wntm tmo ehtost nfspnrhtndfhe prdaocts td moep ydu df ydur why. (8?;990)
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Rnps hfb Rrncgs Rrncgs Lrdj Lr dj rohbors ldr rohbors Moro hro sdjo jdro foht sdeutndfs lrdj dur rohbors, suro td jhgo enlo h entteo ohsnor ldr ofinfoors hfb oeoctrdfncs tnfgorors hengo.
BC jdtdrs hfb ofb stdps
_snfi tmns snjpeo hfb cdst-ooctnvo sdeutndf nt„s
@y Jhrtnf YonÔ
njpdrthft td ofsuro tmht tmo bndbos cmdsof chf
BC jdtdrs hro dltof usob td brnvo hctuhtdrs wmncm pr dvnbo h bofob rhfio dl enfohr dr rdthtndfhe jdvojoft. Nt„s hesd cdjjdf prhctnco td uso h enjnt swntcm ht ontmor dr `dtm ofbs dl tmo hctuhtdr trhvoe td stdp tmo jdtdr.
mhfbeo tmo jdtdr curroft. Rmo cnrcunt 82;?<0-8 nf tmo hrtnceo ”BC jdtdr cdftrde„ W8Z usos sthfbhrb 8F?2;8 bndbos7 tmoy mhvo h 3-hjp rhtnfi. W8Z www.o www.oeogtdrjhihznfo. eogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/82;?<0 cdj/82;?<0 (8?;<<0)
Nf h vory `hsnc cdftrde cdfiurhtndf tmo FC cdfthcts dl tmo enjnt swntcmos chf `o wnrob bnroctey nf sornos wntm tmo jdtdr „s BC sup pey `ut tmns snjpeo hrrhfiojoft hrrhfiojoft crohtos crohtos h prd`eoj1 wmof h enjnt ns rohcmob tmo swntcm bnscdffocts pdwor td tmo jdtdr hfb tmo hctuhtdr chffdt rovorso bnroctndf S8 B8
8F?2;8 G2
`ochuso pdwor td
@y Aohf-Pd`írt [ocmour
tmo jdtdr ns fdw
Sdjo bovncos dr prdaocts uso h `uttdf
nftorruptob.
coee hs pdwor suppey. Shbey tmoso coees tmoso coees hro hewhys protty jucm
J8
J
Dfo sdeutndf ns td wnro h bndbo nf phrh eeo e wntm tmo
S0
FC cdfthcts dl
B0
82;?<0 - 8
tmo enjnt swntcm.
8F?2;8
Rmo curroft brnvnfi tmo hctuhtdr ns stnee nftorrup-
N Jdtdr
tob `y tmo enjnt
S8 B8
swntcm `ut fdw 8F?2;8 G2
J8
J
Rnp ldr `uttdf coees
wmof pdwor ns rovorsob td brnvo
ojpty wmof N foob tmoj. Ht dfo pdnft N whs sd lrustrhtob N bocnbob td cdjo up wntm hfdtmor sdeutndf1 h snjpeo, shwf td snzo pnoco dl cnrcunt `dhrb wntm h cdppor ffht df twd snbos tmht ts nf hejdst hfy `uttdf coee mdebor. Sdebor twd wnros td nt hfb ydu chf uso, ldr oxhjpeo, 0 HH coees td pdwor pdwor ydur ydur cnrcunt cnrcunt ‒ soo pncturo. Nl ydu whft td uso h `ofcm
tmo jdtdr nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf, S0 B0
82;?<0 - 8 8F?2;8
tmo bndbo prdvnbos
[S_, id hmohb hfb sot nt td 3 \. Nt hesd wdrgs ldr tmo sdjowmht tmncgor coees. Ldr tmoso ydu snjpey sthcg h low pnocos dl cnrcunt `dhrb. (8?;?><)
h phtm ldr curroft ffdw.
Ymof tmo jdtdr rst sthrts td jdvo `hcg nt mhs senimtey robucob tdrquo/spoob `ochuso dl tmo vdethio brdp nftrdbucob `y tmo bndbo `ut wmof tmo hctuhtdr jdvos hwhy lrdj tmo enjnt, tmo swntcm cedsos hfb tmo jdtdr roconvos luee pdwor.
Mhvo ydu cdjo up wntm hf nfspnrob why dl sdevnfi h roheey cmheeofinfi prd`eoj4 Dr ldufb hf nfiofndus `ut ”hetorfhtnvo„ ”hetorfhtnvo„ why dl usnfi sdjo cdjpdfoft dr tdde4 Jhy`o ydu„vo nfvoftob h `ottor dr snjpeor why dl thcgenfi h thsg4 Bd wrnto nf – ldr ovory tnp tmht wo pu`ensm, wo„ee rowhrb ydu wntm $2; (dr edche oqunvheoft)!
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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[rdirhjjors hfb Bovoedpjoft tddes ldr `oinffors @y \nhcmosehv Irdjdv (Iorjhfy)
Jhfy nl fdt hee jncrdcdftrdeeors mhvo bovoedpjoft `dhrbs hvhneh`eo wntm `unet-nf bo`uiiors. H jdro ffoxn`eo hpprdhcm ns td uso h bobnchtob prdirhjjor/bo`uiior prdirhjjor/bo`uiior,, wmncm heedws cdbo td `o trhfslorrob lrdj h mdst [C td tmo thriot bovnco hfb tmof bo`uiiob hfb dptnjnzob.
Bo`uiiors hfb prdirhjjors hro hvhneh`eo lrdj tmo sojncdfbuctdr jhfulhcturor ldr prhctncheey ovory jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjney, hfb tmoro ns hesd h wnbo rhfio dl ufnvorshe bovoedpjoft tddes prdbucob `y nfbopofboft tmnrb-phrty jhfulhcturors. H bo`uiior dors jhfy oxtrh lohturos nf cdjphrnsdf td h snjpeo prdirhjjor prdirhjjor.. Rmo jdst njpdrthft dl tmoso lohturos ns tmo h`nenty td nfspoct tmo jdst njpdrthft jojdry edchtndfs hfb roinstors ontmor burnfi oxocutndf dl tmo prdirhj dr wmof oxocutndf mhs `oof stdppob ht h spocnob pehco nf tmo cdbo (h ”`rohgpdnft„). _suheey nt ns hesd pdssn`eo td jdbnly tmo cdbo dr tmo cdftofts dl jojdry, dr oxocuto cdbo dfo nfstructndf ht h tnjo. Df tdp dl tmoso `hsnc bo`uiior lufctndfs jhfulhcturors hbb vhrndus dtmor lohturos, sucm hs trhco lufctndfs wmncm edi spocnob nfldrjhtndf (sucm hs cmhfios td jojdry cdftofts dr curroft cdfsujptndf) wmneo h prdirhj ns oxocutnfi. @ochu so tmo oxocutndf dl tmo prdirhj ns fdt hoctob, tmo cdfbntndfs ufbor wmncm tmo nfldrjhtndf ns ihtmorob hro hs rohenstnc hs pdssn`eo. H pehnf prdirhjjor bdos fdt nfceubo tmoso hbbntndfhe bo`uiinfi lhcnentnos1 nt ns bosnifob dfey ldr tmo officnoft rohbnfi hfb wrntnfi dl tmo jojdry cdftofts dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor. Rmo dfey bo`uiinfi dptndf wmof usnfi h prdirhjjor ldr sdltwhro bovoedpjoft ns td edhb cdbo nftd tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor, jncrdcdftrdeeor, d`sorvo nts oxtorfhe `omhvndr, hfb tmof jdbnly tmo cdbo hccdrbnfiey. Ymof cdbo bovoedpjoft ns fnsmob, mdwovor, tmo prdirhjjor ns tmo rnimt tdde ldr tmo ad` dl bdwfedhbnfi tmo d`aoct cdbo (fdrjheey nf tmo ldrj dl h mox eo) nftd h ehrio fuj`or dl jncrdcdftrdeeors1 ldr tmns nt ns jdro cdfvofnoft, cmohpor hfb usuheey hesd q uncgor tmhf h lueey-ffobiob bo`uiior. Dl cdurso, h sunth`eo bo`ui tdde just hesd `o ruffnfi df tmo mdst [C. Nl tmo jhfulhcturor„s dwf bo`uiior ns `onfi usob, tmo bo`ui tdde ns nfvhrnh`ey nftoirhtob nftd tmo bovoedpjoft ofvnrdfjoft sd tmht nt ns ohsy td swntcm `otwoof bo`uiinfi hfb cdbnfi. Nt idos wntmdut shynfi tmht ydu just rst cdfiuro tmo bo`ui sottnfis cdrroctey hfb nfsthee tmo rnimt brnvors1 tmo sottnfis nf phrtncuehr chf `o jdro cdjpeox tmhf tmoy rst hppohr hfb tmns ns h pdnft tmht trnps up jhfy `oinffors. @oedw wo wnee eddg ht h fuj`or dl bo`uiiors hfb prdirhjjors hvhneh`eo lrdj vhrndus rjs. Lnrst wo oxhjnfo `rnoffy (hfb wntm fd protofsndfs td cdjpe otofoss) bo`uiiors dorob `y tmo sojncdfbuctdr cdjphfnos ontmor bnroctey dr vnh oxtorfhe rjs, hfb tmof wo wnee turf td ufnvorshe bo`uiiors hfb prdirhjjors prdbucob `y nfbopofboft cdjphfnos.
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Htjoe Htjoe NCO W8Z (Lniuro 8) ns chph`eo dl nf-systoj prd-
`uiior mhs tmroo EOBs nf bnoroft cdedrs td nfbn-
irhjjnfi hfb bo`uiinfi ldr twd vory woee gfdwf
chto nts sthtus. Rmo hbhptor `dhrb ns dfey roqunrob
hfb wnboey usob jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos1 tmo 30-`nt
nl h phrtncuehr ehydut dl tmo cdffoctndfs ns roqunrob7
SHJ sornos `hsob hrdufb HPJ Cdrtox-J cdros, hfb
dtmorwnso tmo rn``df ch`eo chf `o usob df nts dwf.
tmo =-`nt H\P sornos. Htjoe NCO ns hvhneh`eo nf vhr-
Rmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor just hewhys `o oxtorfheey
ndus gnts. Rmo cmohpost ns h `hro `dhrb wntmdut of-
pdworob wntm h vdethio dl `otwoof 8.< \ hfb ?.? \.
cedsuro dr ch`eos hfb soees ldr hrdufb _S$ 2?. Rmo `hsnc gnt nfceubos tmo bo`uiior hfb hf ofcedsuro
Rurfnfi fdw td bo`uiiors hfb prdirhjjors hvhne-
hs woee hs h _S@ ch`eo hfb h rn``df ch`eo ldr prd-
h`eo lrdj dtmor jhfulhcturors, wo fb ldr oxhj-
irhjjnfi7 nt cdsts hrdufb _S$ 9;. Rmo jdst cdj-
peo ht h`dut _S$ <; tmo H\P NS[ jgNN W0Z, wmncm ns
peoto gnt nfceubos hf oxtrh rn``df ch`eo hfb h sjhee
dfey chph`eo dl prdirhjjnfi H\P-lhjney H\P-lhjney jncrdcdf-
hbhptor `dhrb ldr tmo prdirhjjnfi cdffoctndfs, `ut
trdeeors. Hfdtmor bo`uiior ldr H\P jncrdcdftrdeeors
cdjos nf ht h rhtmor jdro oxpofsnvo _S$ 80;. Nt
ns tmo oxtrojoey pdworlue H\P DFO! W3Z, wmncm ns
ns dl cdurso pdssn`eo td shvo sdjo jdfoy `y jhg-
mdwovor rhtmor oxpofsnvo ht hrdufb _S$ =;;. Rmo
nfi tmo ofcedsuro, rn``df ch`eos hfb hbhptor `dhrb
ARHINCO3 W2Z mhs `oof hvhneh`eo ldr h wmneo, hfb
ydursoel.
chf wdrg wntm `dtm H\P- hfb SHJ-lhjney bovncos. Nt
8
cdsts hrdufb _S$ 8?;. Rmo Nftorfot ns luee dl dtmor
Hs woee hs nts _S@ 0.; nftorlhco, Ht-
H\P prdirhjjors lrdj jdro- dr eoss-
joe NCO mhs twd prdirhjjnfi nftorlhc-
woee-gfdwf jhfulhcturors. Dfo cdf-
os, dfo ldr H\P-lhjney bovncos hfb dfo
vofnoft hfb edw-cdst (hrdufb _S$ 8=)
ldr SHJ-lhjney bovncos. Rmo H\P cdf-
oxhjpeo ns jySjhrt_S@ enimt, jhbo `y
foctndf nfceubos hYnro hfb bo`uiYNPO
Ehsor & Cd. Sdeutndfs Ij`M W?Z.
nftorlhcos, h prdirhj hfb bo`ui nftorlhco ([BN), h tnfy prdirhjjnfi nftor-
Hee bo`uiiors hro suppdrtob `y tmo lroo
lhco (R[N) hfb hf S[N pdrt ldr nf-sys-
Htjoe Stubnd 9 bovoedpjoft ofvnrdf-
toj prdirhjjnfi (NS[). @dtm prd-
joft (Lniuro 0) hfb `y jdst dtmors.
irhjjnfi nftorlhcos hesd dllor sornhe
Htjoe Stubnd hutdjhtncheey suiiosts h
wnro bo`ui (SYB) hfb Adnft Rost Hctndf
bo`uiior dr prdirhjjor rjwhro up-
Irdup (ARHI) pdrts, wntm tmo pnfduts dl
bhto nl nt botocts tmht h fowor vorsndf
tmoso pdrts bnornfi df tmo twd nftor-
ns hvhneh`eo.
lhcos. Bopofbnfi df tmo nftorlhco usob, Htjoe NCO ns chph`eo dl dporhtnfi ht `us cedcg spoobs dl up td 9.? JMz. Rmo bo-
0
Jncrdcmnp thriot. Nt lohturos tmroo EOBs nf bnoroft cdedrs td nfbnchto nts sthtus. H `uttdf ns hesd prdvnbob td hctnvhto h spocnhe lohturo dl tmo bo`uiior1 [rdirhjjor-Rd[rdirhjjor-Rd-Id. Id. Nf tmns jdbo tmo rjwhro chf `o bdwfedhbob td tmo [NCGnt 3 hfb tmof su`soquoftey, `y prossnfi tmo `uttdf, prdirhjjob nftd h jncrdcdftrdeeor
3 Rmo [NCGnt 3 bo`uiior cdsts hrdufb _S$ =; hfb ns woee gfdwf hfb wnboey usob nf cdfaufctndf wntm tmo Jncrdcmnp [NC hfb bs[NC jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos (Lniuro 3). Hihnf, vhrndus gnts hro hvhneh`eo. @osnbos tmo _S@ nftorlhco td cdffoct td tmo mdst [C (tmo _S@ ch`eo ns nfceubob) tmoro ns aust h snfieo snx-pnf prdirhjjnfi cdffoctdr prdvnbnfi tmo nf-cnrcunt sornhe prdirhjjnfi (NCS[) nftorlhco tmht wdrgs wntm hee curroft [NC jncrdcdftrdeeor bovncos. Rmns pdworlue bo`uiior chf dl cdurso hesd wdrg hs h prdirhjjor. Rmo [NCGnt3 chf dporhto ht vory mnim bhth rhtos (hs lhst hs tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor bovnco nf quostndf chf mhfbeo) hfb chf, nl roqunrob, suppey up td 3; jH dl curroft ht 8.= \ td ? \ td tmo
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wntmdut tmo foob ldr tmo mdst [C td `o cdffoctob. Ldr ehrior
[NCGnt 3 whs bovoedpob prnjhrney td wdrg wntm Jncrdcmnp„s
prdaocts hfb ldr prdbuctndf purpdsos h ehrior-scheo bo`uiior
J[EH@ ] NBO, hfb tmns cdj`nfhtndf bdos nfboob wdrg sjddtm-
hfb prdirhjjor sucm hs tmo Sdltedi NC[0 prdbuctndf-quhenty
ey (Lniuro 2), fdt eohst `ochuso tmo MNB brnvor ns hutdjhtncheey
nf-cnrcunt prdirhjjor W9Z ns jdro sunth`eo1 nts prnco sthrts ht
nfstheeob `y Ynfbdws wntmdut hfy luss.
h`dut _S$ 2?;.
F][ Ldr tmo roiuehr E[C-sornos jn-
Ldr F][„s fowey-hcqunrob (lrdj
crdcdftrdeeors lrdj F][ tmo
Lrooscheo) Gnfotns sornos dl jn-
voforh`eo E[C-Enfg0 ns hvhne-
crdcdftrdeeors tmo _S@ Juetn-
h`eo (Lniuro ?), hfb tmns bo-
enfg _fnvorshe Bo`uiior `y [&O
snif ns hesd nfceubob nf h snj-
(Lniuro <) ns rocdjjofbob W>Z.
penlnob ldrj df jdst dl tmo
Nt cdsts hrdufb _S$ 00;. Nts
]prossd bovoedpjoft `dhrbs.
`ni `rdtmor, wntm hf ”L]„ sul-
Rmo cdst ns hrdufb _S$ 0; W=Z.
x, ns hrdufb twnco hs oxpof-
Rmoro hro jhfy mohbors df tmo `dhrb, hfb tmo ARHI hfb
snvo `ut ns jdro pdworlue hfb
?
suppdrts h wnbor rhfio dl jn-
SYB nftorlhcos hro hccossn`eo
crdcdftrdeeors (Gnfotns, Cdeb-
vnh A< td A=. Rmo dtmor mohbors hro snjpey
Lnro, E[C, SRJ30, [SdC 2 hfb dtmors). _f-
usob td `rnfi dut tmo dtmor pnfs dl tmo tmroo-
bor tmo pehstnc enb dl tmo bo`uiior tmoro hro
cdro E[C239; bo`ui jncrdcdftrdeeor. Nfboob,
jhfy mohbors, hfb sunth`eo rn``df ch`eos hro
tmo bo`uiior chf `o usob hs h bovoedpjoft
suppenob. Nftorlhcos nfceubo SYB hfb ARHI,
`dhrb nl hf oxtorfhe bo`uiior dr prdirhjjor
hs woee hs jhfy spocnhenzob nftorlhcos ldr tmo
ns cdffoctob td tmo E[C239; jncrdcdftrdeeor.
wnbo rhfio dl jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos sup-
H rn``df ch`eo ns suppenob td cdffoct tmo bo-
pdrtob. Rmo bo`uiior chf dporhto ht cedcg
`uiior td tmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor.
lroquofcnos dl up td ?; JMz, hfb tmo suppey
< Snfco tmns bo`uiior ns cdjphtn`eo wntm `dtm
vdethio chf `o `otwoof 8.< \ hfb ?.0? \. Rmo ”L]„ vorsndf dl tmo bo`uiior chf, nl roqunrob,
tmo CJSNS-BH[ hfb A-Enfg nftorlhcos, nt chf `o usob wntm jdst
suppey pdwor td tmo thriot ht 3.3 \ dr ht ? \.
NBOs nfceubnfi E[C]prossd. Rmo sdltwhro tdde E[CScrypt chf `o
Rmns bo`uiior ns suppdrtob `y jdst dl tmo pdpuehr NBOs (Gnfotns
usob td jdbnly hfb upbhto tmo rjwhro nf tmo bo`uiior.
Bosnif Stubnd, Gone, NHP hfb sd df), wmncm hro cdjphtn`eo wntm tmo [&O prdtdcdes hfb brnvor.
SRJncrdoeoctrdfncs Rmo SR-Enfg/\0 bo`uiior W8;Z, wmncm cdsts h`dut _S$ 3?, ns
(>.9 g`yto/s) hfb mnim-spoob (80.= g`yto/s) jdbos hfb h sup-
`hsob df hf SRJ30 HPJ Cdrtox-J3 jncrdcdftrdeeor. Nt chf `o
pey vdethio rhfio dl 8. \ td ?.? \. Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor just
usob wntm SRJncrdoeoctrdfncs„ HPJ-`hsob SRJ30-sornos jncrd-
`o prdvnbob wntm oxt orfhe pdwor.
cdftrdeeors hs woee hs tmo =-`nt SRJ= sornos. Nt
Rmo pmysncheey ehrior nftorlhco ldr SRJ30-lhj-
ns suppenob wntm hee tmo focosshry ch`eos (Lni-
ney bovncos chrrnos `dtm tmo usuhe HPJ SYB
uro 9). Nt ns hesd hvhneh`eo nf senjjob-bdwf
nftorlhco hs woee hs tmo ehrior ARHI nftorlhco,
ldrj df jhfy SR bovoedpjoft `dhrbs. @osnbos
hfb mofco jhfy jdro pnfs hro foobob. Rmo
tmo _S@ 0.; nftorlhco td tmo mdst [C tmoro ns h
heedwh`eo suppey vdethio rhfio ns lrdj 8. \
sjhee ldur-pnf cdffoctndf ldr SRJ= jncrdcdf-
td 3.< \, hetmduim tmo bhth nfputs hro hesd ? \
trdeeors hfb h twd-rdw 0;-pnf cdffoctndf ldr
tdeorhft. H `n-cdedr EOB ns ttob td tmo `dhrb
SRJ30 bovncos.
hfb hcts hs h sthtus nfbnchtdr, enimtnfi dr ffhsmnfi nf vhrndus cdedrs bopofbnfi df tmo sthto dl
Ch`eos hro prdvnbob ldr `dtm cdffoctndfs sd
tmo bovnco.
tmht tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor chf `o prdirhjjob hfb bo`uiiob bnroctey df nts cnrcunt `dhrb.
Ht h`dut bdu`eo tmo prnco, tmo SR-Enfg/\0„s
Rmo SRJ= jncrdcdftrdeeor nftorlhco ns cheeob
`niior `rdtmor, tmo SR-Enfg/\0-NSDE, bnors
”SYNJ„ (ldr ”snfieo wnro nftorlhco jdbueo„) hfb
nf twd prnfcnphe rospocts1 ldr shloty nf crntn-
roqunros aust h rosot hfb h bhth snifhe hedfi-
che hppenchtndfs tmoro ns nsdehtndf (ht up td
snbo pdwor hfb irdufb enfos. Yntm tmo nftorlhco tmo SR-Enfg/\0 suppdrts `dtm edw-spoob
9
0?;; \PJS) `otwoof tmo _S@ pdrt hfb tmo prdirhjjnfi nftorlhco, hfb tmo SYNJ nftor-
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
83
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lhco ns phrt dl tmo 0;-pnf mohbor. Rmo focosshry nftorlhco ch`eos hro suppenob wntm tmo prdirhjjor. Dl cdurso, jucm jdro oxpofsnvo bo`uiiors hro hesd hvhneh`eo, suppdrtnfi tmo oftnro rhfio dl tmo SR jncrdcdftrdeeor pdrtldend1 dfo oxhjpeo ns tmo SR]-PENFG W88Z, wmncm cdjos nf ht h`dut _S$ 89;. Rmns ufnvorshe bo`uiior wnee wdrg wntm prhctncheey hfy NBO, nfceubnfi NHP, Gone, Htdenc, RHSGNFI, SR\B hfb CddCdx. Cdffoctnfi tmo bo`uiior ns usuheey strhnimtldrwhrb, hfb tmoro hro roehtnvoey low sottnfis td wdrry h`dut (soo Lniuro =). Nf ioforhe tmo roqunrob brnvors wnee `o nfstheeob hutdjhtncheey `y Ynfbdws. Nt ns hesd pdssn`eo td upbhto tmo rjwhro nf tmns bo`uiior1 h lroo tdde t d bd tmns ns hvhneh`eo lrdj tmo jhfulhctur-
=
or„s wo`snto.
Nffodf td tmo _S@ cdffoctdr nfbnchto wmof tmo bo`uiior ns pdworob hfb wmof hfy hctnvnty thgos pehco. Rmo bo`uiior smdueb cdst eoss tmhf _S$ 8;; (tmo oxhct prnco ns fdt gfdwf ht tmo tnjo dl wrntnfi) hfb ns suppenob wntm h sunth`eo ch`eo ldr ohcm nftorlhco. Hee curroft NBOs suppdrt tmns fow bo`uiior. Rd tmdso wo chf hesd hbb tmo BH\O NBO lrdj Nffodf, wmncm jhgos usnfi tmo
>
bovnco phrtncuehrey prd`eoj-lroo (soo Lniuro 8;). Hf ]JC ffhsm tdde wnee `o hvhneh`eo nf tmo fohr luturo, wmncm wnee snjpenly stnee
]JC Enfg W80Z ns h fow bo`ui prd`o ldr tmo wnboey-usob ]JC
lurtmor tmo ad` dl prdirhjjnfi tmoso bovncos.
sornos dl HPJ Cdrtox-J jncrdcdftrdeeors lrdj Nffodf (soo Lniuro >). Rmns sjhee ufnt ns `hsob df hf ]JC20;; jncrdcdftrdeeor (wntm sdltwhro `hsob df tmo SOIIOP A-Enfg) hfb bdos ovorytmnfi ydu jnimt wnsm ldr wmof bosnifnfi prdaocts td wdrg df hf ]JC jncrdcdftrdeeor. Nt mhs hf onimt-why ]JC bo`ui cdffoctdr tmht wdrgs wntm `dtm ]JC8;;; Cdrtox-J; hfb ]JC2;;; Cdrtox-J2 jncrdcdftrdeeors, hfb h sthfbhrb tof-why Cdrtox bo`ui cdffoctdr tmht wdrgs wntm tmo bovncos nf tmo jdro pdworlue ]JC2;;; Cdrtox-J2 lhjney dfey. Rmo rst dl tmoso cdffoctdrs `rnfis dut hf S[B (”snfieo pnf bo`ui) hfb hf SYB nftorlhco. H _S@-td-sornhe `rnbio ns hesd prdvnbob, wmncm invos ydu h vnrtuhe sornhe pdrt tmht chf cdjo nf mhfby burnfi cdbo bovoedpjoft. Rmo ehrior nftorlhco hesd nfceubos hf hbbntndfhe snifhe (SYD) td moep njpeojoft tmo SY\ (”sornhe wnro vnowor„) trhco lufctndf, hs woee hs h ARHI nftorlhco. @dtm nftorlhcos roqunro oxtorfhe pdwor lrdj tmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor ht h vdethio dl 0.? \ td ?.? \. Rmo bo`uiior hesd mhs twd nsdehtdr NCs df `dhrb, invnfi nsdehtndf `otwoof tmo [C hfb tmo prdirhjjnfi cdffoctndfs dl up td 8 g\. Rmo twd EOBs foxt
8;
Roxhs Nfstrujofts Cdjnfi nf ht rhtmor jdro tmhf _S$ 8;; ns tmo Roxhs Nfstru-
h ARHI nftorlhco. @y usnfi tmo ”Spy-@n-Ynro„ nftorlhco tmns ro-
jofts (RN) JS[-LOR W83Z1 soo Lniuro 88. Nt suppdrts hee jncrd-
qunros lowor cdffoctndfs tmhf fdrjhe. Hfdtmor spocnhe lohturo
cdftrdeeors nf tmo JS[23; hfb CC23; lhjnenos lrdj RN. Rmo jhnf
dl JS[-LOR ns tmo OforiyRrhco (hfb OforiyRrhco++) OforiyRrhco++) lufctndf,
bnorofco `otwoof tmo JS[23; 8<-`nt jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjney
wmncm moeps td dptnjnzo cdbo ldr pdwor cdfsujptndf `y ediinfi
hfb tmo fowor CC23; lhjney ns tmht tmo ehttor nfceubos hbbntndfhe
hfb bnspehynfi nt hs tmo cdbo ns oxocutob. _HPR, N0C hfb S[N
nftoirhtob lufctndfs td suppdrt rhbnd cdjjufnchtndfs. JS[-LOR
nftorlhcos hro hesd prdvnbob td heedw tmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor
ns snjnehr td tmo oQ-LOR `unet nftd tmo Ehufcm[hb bovoedpjoft
td oxcmhfio bhto wntm tmo mdst [C.
`dhrb, `ut dors jhfy jdro lufctndfs. Hs woee hs tmo _S@ cdf-
Nt ns hesd pdssn`eo td prdirhj tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor dvor tmo _HPR
foctdr tmoro ns h 8<-why prdirhjjnfi cdffoctdr wmncm chrrnos
dr N0C nftorlhcos nl tmo bovnco cdfthnfs h sunth`eo `ddtedhbor.
82
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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88 JS[-LOR ns chph`eo dl suppeynfi tmo thriot wntm up td 8;; jH dl curroft ht h vdethio hbausth`eo lrdj 8.= \ td 3.< \. Hs woee hs tmo prdirhjjnfi nftorlhco tmoro hro twd juetn-cdedr EOBs td nfbnchto tmo sthtus dl tmo prdirhjjor. Rmo ufnt ns smnppob wntm h _S@ ch`eo hfb h rn``df ch`eo ldr tmo prdirhjjnfi nftorlhco. Rmns bo`uiior ns suppdrtob `y NHP (soo Lniuro 80) hs woee hs
80
Cdbo Cdjpdsor Stubnd (CCS) nf `dtm nts sthfb-hedfo hfb cedub vorsndfs. Hs h ehst rosdrt ldr uso wntm dtmor cdjpneors tmo JS[
hfy cdjpneor hfb `urfs nt nftd hf JS[23; jncrdcdftrdeeor us-
Lehsmor prdirhj ns hvhneh`eo1 tmns thgos tmo dutput eo lrdj
nfi JS[-LOR.
Pofoshs foctdrs mhvo td `o wnrob tdiotmor. Rmo ”rohe„ prdirhjjnfi nftorlhco chf pdwor tmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor wntm up td 0;; jH ht 3.3 \ dr ht ? \. Rmo EOBs df tmo obio dl tmo ufnt smdw tmo vhrndus sthtos dl tmo bo`uiior. Rmo O0; ojuehtdr W8?Z ns tmo `ni `rdtmor dl tmo O8 ojuehtdr hfb dors jdro lufctndfs, `ut cdsts woee dvor _S$ 8;;;.
83
Dl cdurso tmns bo`uiior ns suppdrtob `y o0stubnd, Cu`oSunto+ hfb jhfy dtmor pdpuehr NBOs (soo Lniuro 82). Df tmo prdbuct
Pofoshs cdftnfuos td `rnfi dut jdro hfb jdro nftorostnfi jn-
wo` phios ydu chf hesd fb oxtorfhe hfb lroo tddes sucm hs tmo
crdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos, hfb sd dur survoy dl prdirhjjors hfb
Pofoshs Lehsm [rdirhjjor.
bo`uiiors wdueb `o nfcdjpeoto wntmdut eddgnfi ht tmoj. Rmo jdst hdrbh`eo, `ut fovortmoeoss ufnvorshe, O8 ojuehtdr (Lniuro 83) chf `o usob hs h bo`uiior hfb hs h prdirhjjor hfb cdsts hrdufb _S$ 00; W82Z. Nt ns smnppob wntm h _S@ ch`eo hfb h prdirhjjnfi ch`eo. Nt wnee wdrg fdt dfey wntm tmo roehtnvoey woeegfdwf PE9=, P] hfb P=C jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos, `ut hesd wntm tmo eoss lhjnenhr \=?;, PM=?; (ldr hutdjdtnvo hppenchtndfs) hfb Sjhrt Hfhedi lhjnenos. Rmo ojuehtdr spdrts twd ldurtoof-why cdffoctdrs ldr tmo usuhe bo`uiinfi hfb prdirhjjnfi lufctndfs. Rmo cdffoctdr bnroctey dppdsnto tmo _S@ sdcgot `rnfis dut tmo _HPR, _HPR, S[N hfb ARHI nftorlhcos, wmneo tmo dtmor cdffoctdr cd ffoctdr df tmo lrdft snbo, wmncm mhs tmo shjo hppohrhfco `ut wmncm ns cdvorob `y h pehstnc ffhp, ns tmoro td suppdrt tmo soel-tost lufctndf. H tdde, hvhneh`eo hltor roinstrhtndf df tmo jhfulhcturor„s wo`snto, chf `o usob td stop tmrduim tosts dl hee tmo lufctndfs dl tmo bo`uiior1 ldr dfo dl tmoso tosts tmo twd ldurtoof-why cdf-
82
Cypross Ldr tmo rhtmor spocnhenzob [SdC lhjney dl bovncos tmoro ns h sjhee
bovncos. Nt mhs tmo hppohrhfco dl h _S@ stncg hfb nfceubos
bo`uiior cheeob tmo Jnfn[rdi3 (soo Lniuro 8?) ht h prnco dl aust
twd prdirhjjnfi cdffoctdrs. Rmo rst ns h vo-why mohbor ldr
ufbor _S$ 8;;. Nt chf prdirhj [SdC 8 td [SdC ?E[ bovncos,
peuiinfi bnroctey nftd tmo thriot cnrcunt `dhrb, wmneo tmo socdfb
`ut tmo bo`uiinfi lufctndfs dfey wdrg wntm [SdC 3 td [SdC ?E[
ns h fdrjhe tof-why cdffoctdr, ldr wmncm h sunth`eo rn``df ch`eo
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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8? ns suppenob. Rmo vo-why cdffoctdr chrrnos tmo nf-systoj sornhe prdirhjjnfi (NSS[) nftorlhco hfb tmo SYB nftorlhco, hs woee hs hf N0C nftorlhco tmht chf `o usob ldr bhth oxcmhfio wntm tmo mdst cdjputor usnfi tmo `unet-nf _S@-td-N0C `rnbio. Rmo tof-why cdffoctdr chrrnos ARHI hfb SYB nftorlhcos peus hf SY\ nftorlhco. ARHI hfb SY\ hro dfey suppdrtob `y tmo [SdC3 hfb [SdC ?E[, ?E[, wmneo tmo SYB nftorlhco ns suppdrtob `y hee jncrdcdftrdeeors tmht nfceubo bo`uiinfi lufctndfs. Ldr tmo [SdC 8 tmo NSS[ nftorlhco just `o usob. Jnfn[rdi3 ns chph`eo dl suppeynfi tmo thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor wntm pdwor ht up td 0;; jH ht dfo dl ldur bnoroft pdssn`eo vdethios1 8.= \, 0.? \, 3.3 \ dr ? \. Rmoro hro vo EOBs `unet nftd tmo bo`uiior td nfbnchto nts sthtus. Rmo jdst pdpuehr sdltwhro tdde usob nf cdfaufctndf wntm tmns bo`uiior ns cheeob [SdC [rdirhjjor, wmncm ns nftoirhtob nftd [SdC Crohtdr hfb [SdC Bosnifor (soo Lniuro 8<) sd tmht nt chf `o usob bnroctey lrdj wntmnf tmo NBO.
8<
_fnvorshe bo`uiinfi hfb prdirhjjnfi bovncos Fdw wo turf td tmo tmnrb-phrty hfb ufnvorshe bo`uiiors hfb
thriot jncrdcdftrdeeor just `o pdworob oxtorfheey. Rmoro ns hesd
prdirhjjors. Rmoro hro vory jhfy pdpuehr bovncos nf tmns cht-
h sottnfi dl tmo BN[ swntcmos wmncm cdfiuros tmo prdirhjjor
oidry, hfb sd ldr rohsdfs dl sphco wo chf dfey eddg ht tmroo dl
hs h _S@-td-sornhe `rnbio. Rmo cdjpeoto enst dl suppdrtob jncrd-
tmo jdst wnboey-usob hfb ocdfdjnche ufnts.
cdftrdeeors chf `o ldufb df tmo jhfulhcturor„s prdbuct phios. Pocoftey h rhtmor jdro pdworlue upbhtob vorsndf dl tmo ufnt, cheeob [PDI-S0, mhs `oof roeohsob W8=Z. Rmo @htrdfnx @]2= @htoid NN (soo Lniuro 8=) ns h rhtmor `niior `ohst. Ht dvor _S$ ?;; nt ns tmo jdst oxpofsnvo bovnco tmht wo cdvor nf tmns chtoidry W8>Z. Rmo prdirhjjor ns bosnifob ldr roehtnvoey ehrio prdbuctndf rufs hfb ns cdrrospdfbnfiey sturby hfb woee `unet. Rhriot bovncos just `o peuiiob nfbnvnbuheey nftd tmo sdcgot df tmo lrdft phfoe ldr prdirhjjnfi. Suppenob hc-
89
cossdrnos nfceubo h _S@ ch`eo hfb h CB cdfthnfnfi h rhfio dl prdirhjs. Rmns prdirhjjor ns jhnfey (hfb nts sjheeor `rdtmor
Yo sthrt wntm tmo [PDI-S W89Z prdirhjjor `y Bnhjox (soo
oxceusnvoey) bosnifob ldr prdirhjjnfi jojdry bovncos dl hee
Lniuro 89), wmncm cdsts hrdufb _S$ 0?. Rmns prdirhjjor ns ch-
gnfbs, wmncm ns phrtncuehrey usolue nf ehrior prdaocts tmht uso h
ph`eo dl rohbnfi cdbo lrdj hfb wrntnfi cdbo td corthnf joj`ors
jncrdprdcossdr wntm oxtorfhe stdrhio. @htrdfnx dors hbhptors
dl tmo H\P, E[C hfb SRJ30 jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos. Rmo bovnco
ldr NCs dr jncrdcdftrdeeors td `o prdirhjjob tmht cdjo nf hf
cdjos wntm h _S@ ch`eo hfb h prdirhjjnfi ch`eo. Rmo sottnfis
SJB phcghio, hfb, nl roqunrob, tmoro ns hesd hf hbhptor tmht
dl tmo BN[ swntcmos df tmo prdirhjjor just `o sot hccdrbnfi td tmo typo dl jncrdcdftrdeeor tmht ns td `o prdirhjjob, wmneo tmo twd EOBs smdw tmo sthtus dl tmo ufnt. Rmoro ns h _S@ pdrt ldr cdffoctndf td tmo mdst cdjputor hfb h tof-why prdirhjjnfi cdffoctdr wntm _HPR hfb S[N (ldr nf-systoj prdirhjjnfi). S[N ns usob ldr prdirhjjnfi H\P-lhjney jncrdcdftrdeeors, hfb [PDI-S wnee tmof dporhto engo hf SRG?;; hfb chf `o usob bnroctey wntm Htjoe Stubnd. Yntm tmo _HPR hfb twd oxtrh cdffoctndfs (ldr tmo rosot hfb `ddt soeoct pnfs) tmo [PDI-S prdirhjjor chf `o usob td prdirhj E[C hfb SRJ30 jncrdcdftrdeeors oqunppob wntm h sunth`eo `ddtedhbor, usnfi tmo Lehsm Jhinc hfb SRJ30[rdi sdltwhro rospoctnvoey. Nf hee chsos tmo
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turfs tmo @htoid nftd hf nf-systoj prdirhjjor.
`nt bovncos sucm hs tmo Pofo-
\hrndus jncrdcdftrdeeor lhjnenos hro suppdrtob, lrdj tmo pdpu-
shs P] hfb Jncrdcmnp [NC30
ehr H\P hfb [NC sornos td tmo eoss woee-gfdwf =;C?8 jncrdcdf-
lhjnenos. [rdirhjjnfi nftor-
trdeeors lrdj Idebsthr, Bheehs, Nftoe hfb [mnenps. Rmo prdirhj-
lhcos nfceubo SYB hfb ARHI
jnfi dporhtndf ns vory lhst, hfb tmo hccdjphfynfi [rdi Oxpross
pdrts df h 0;-why prdirhj-
sdltwhro ns vory nftuntnvo, dornfi hee tmo lufctndfs foobob ldr
jnfi cdffoctdr7 h _S@ ch-
jhss prdbuctndf. Ldr oxhjpeo, tmo ufnt chf hutdjhtncheey nbof-
`eo hfb h prdirhjjnfi ch-
tnly ufgfdwf NCs dr hbb h sornhe fuj`or nftd ohcm prdirhjjob
`eo hro suppenob. Nl roqunrob,
bovnco. Hee nf hee h prdlossndfhe-eovoe tdde.
tmo A-Enfg chf hesd pdwor tmo
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thriot `dhrb ht up td ? \ hfb Nf tmo HPJ bo`uiinfi wdreb dfo dl tmo rst fhjos tmht cdjos
3;; jH. Hf nsdehtdr chf hesd
td jnfb ns tmo SOIIOP A-Enfg bo`uiior (Lniuro 8>). Dltof sojn-
`o purcmhsob sophrhtoey.
cdfbuctdr jhfulhcturors wnee hbb h A-Enfg Ento cnrcunt df tmonr ovheuhtndf `dhrbs dr bovoedp tmonr dwf bo`uiior mhrbwhro
Rmo A-Enfg bovncos hesd dl-
`hsob df tmo A-Enfg tocmfdediy. Nt ns hesd pdssn`eo td `uy A-Enfg
lor nftorostnfi lufctndfs sucm
Bo`uiior sophrhtoey W0;Z wntm h rhfio dl bnoroft vorsndfs wntm
hs Pohe Rnjo Rrhfslor (PRR)
bnoroft lohturo eovoes.
jdbo, wmncm heedws bhth
8>
trhfslor td hfb lrdj tmo jnRmo cmohpost stuboft (”OB_„) jdboe cdsts hrdufb _S$ , tmo
crdcdftrdeeor wmneo nt ns ruffnfi, hfb h prdirhj cheeob Systoj
[E_S jdboe fohrey _S$ <;;. Dfo bnorofco `otwoof tmo [E_S
\now wmncm heedws vnsuhenzhtndf hfb hfheysns dl corthnf systoj
jdboe hfb tmo OB_ jdboe ns tmht tmo ldrjor heedws ufenjntob
phrhjotors burnfi oxocutndf. Rmoro ns peofty dl dtmor sdlt-
`rohgpdnfts nf ffhsm jojdry. Ovof jdro oxpofsnvo vorsndfs hro
whro ldr tmo A-Enfg1 ldr oxhjpeo, ldr prdirhjjnfi tmoro ns tmo
hvhneh`eo, dornfi stnee jdro lohturos1 tmo jdst oxpofsnvo mhvo
A-Lehsm sdltwhro tdde. SOIIOP hesd dors tmo ”Lehsmor„ sornos
h pohg bdwfedhb spoob dl 3 J`yto/s rhtmor tmhf 8 J`yto/s,
dl prdbuctndf prdirhjjors. Nf sujjhry, tmo A-Enfg lhjney cdv-
hfb ldr oxhjpeo fotwdrgnfi dr jdro hbvhfcob trhco lufctndfs.
ors prhctncheey ovorytmnfi tmht ns roqunrob ldr HPJ bo`uiinfi hfb prdirhjjnfi, hfb nt ns suppdrtob `y hejdst hee NBOs.
Hee A-Enfg bo`uiiors suppdrt hfy jncrdcdftrdeeor `hsob df hf
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HPJ 9, HPJ > dr HPJ 88 cdro, hs woee hs hee HPJ Cdrtox-`hsob jncrdcdftrdeeors. Df tdp dl tmht, tmoy hesd suppdrt dtmor 30-
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Nl ydu„ro eddgnfi td `uy hf dscneedscdpo ldr md``y purpdsos dr ldr h sjhee eh`, tmoso bhys ydu„ee fb h wnbo soeoctndf dl bovncos nf h vhrnoty dl prnco rhfios. Rmns ropdrt wnee thgo tmo wdrry dut dl cmddsnfi hfb jhgo tmo rnimt bocnsndf ohsnor ldr tmo `uyor.
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Rhnwhfoso Rhnwhfoso hfb Cmnfoso jhfulhcturors mhvo tmrust tmonr why dftd tmo jhrgot nf rocoft tnjos. [rdbucors engo [mnenps hfb Mnthcmn mhvo herohby eolt tmo jhrgotpehco hetdiotmor. hetdiotmor. Rmo curroft bnvorsnty dl dornfis ns `dtm cdpndus hfb cdflusnfi7 tmo Goysnimt wo`snto hedfo bothnes sdjo 8=3 bnoroft jdboes. Rmns `uyor„s iunbo jhy hssnst ydu jhgo ydur dwf porsdfhe cmdnco.
Lniuro 8. EoCrdy ns h jhfulhcturor dl mnim-ofb dscneedscdpos. Rmo rhfio hesd nfceubos oftry-eovoe jdboes tdd, sucm hs tmo typo YhvoHco 8;;8 ([mdtd1 Roeobyfo EoCrdy).
Hltor tmo juetnjotor hf dscneedscdpo ns tmo jdst njpdrthft pnoco dl tost oqunpjoft dl ovory oeoctrdfncnst. Nt cdjpeojofts usolueey dtmor ossoftnhe bovncos sucm hs eh` pdwor suppey hfb h lufctndf ioforhtdr. ioforhtdr. Rmo nftorostnfi mnstdry dl tmo dscneedscdpo chf `o rohb df Yngnpobnh W8Z. Snfco `uynfi h MHJOI typo 280 dscneedscdpo nf 8>9<, N mhvo `oof hctnvoey hctn voey nfvdevob nf oeoctrdfncs. N rst usob h scdpo nf mns toofs ldr md``y prdaocts, foxt hs h stuboft dl oeoctrnche tocmfdediy hfb su`soquoftey burnfi 38 yohrs dl hctnvnty hs h bovoedpjoft ofinfoor. Burnfi tmns porndb tmo hfhedi dscneedscdpo usnfi h chtmdbo rhy tu`o bnspehy mhs vnrtuheey bnshppohrob lrdj tmo jhrgot hfb ovof tmo bninthe shjpenfi dscneedscdpo fdw pehys dfey h jnfdr rdeo. Puenfi tmo rddst tdbhy hro tmo bninthe dscneedscdpo wntm hf ECB scroof (h sthfbhedfo bovnco) hfb tmo _S@ dscneedscdpo wntmdut nts dwf bnspehy dr cdftrde phfoe. Hedfisnbo tmo ”trhbntndfhe„ rjs sucm hs Goysnimt (M[ ë Hineoft ë Goysnimt) W0Z, Rogtrdfnx W3Z, EoCrdy W2Z, hfb Pdmbo & Scmwhrz (MHJOI) W?Z,
Lniuro 0. Rmo MJD0;02 lrdj P&S/MHJOI dors 2 cmhffoes, 0 IS/s hfb h edinc hfheyzor ([mdtd1 Pdmbo & Scmwhrz).
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Fuj`or dl cmhffoes Dscneedscdpos hro dorob wntm typncheey 2 dr 0 lueey-ffobiob nfputs. @y tmns wo johf tmht tmoy mhvo hee lufctndfs hro hvhneh`eo. Rmoso nfceubo hbausth`eo hjpentubo, swntcmh`eo HC dr BC cdupenfi, ?; ℬ torjnfhtndf, cdffoctndf td irdufb ldr dsot hbaustjoft hfb trniiornfi chph`nenty, tdiotmor wntm snifhe `hfbwnbtm rostrnctndf ldr fdnso robuctndf hfb snifhe nfvorsndf. Hedfisnbo tmo luee-lufctndf nfputs tmoro hro ioforheey hesd sdjo puroey trniior nfputs wntm rostrnctob lufctndfhenty7 df ldur-cmhffoe scdpos tmoso nfputs jhy `o edchtob df tmo rohr dl tmo bovnco ldr sphco rohsdfs. Nf cdftrhst td dtmor lufctndfhentnos, hbbntndfhe nfputs chf prhctncheey fovor `o rotrdttob fdr ovof `o hbbob nf sdltwhro. Ldur cmhffoes hro bofntoey fdt hf oxtrhvhihft euxury, hetmduim tmo oxtrh cdst just `o wonimob hihnfst tmo typnche hppenchtndfs hfb foobs dl tmo usor. [hrtncuehr httoftndf smdueb `o phnb td hjpentubo hbaustjoft1 soeocth`eo nfput eovoes e ovoes lrdj 8; \/bnvnsndf \/bnvnsndf bdwf td 8 j\/bnvnsndf (wntmdut prd`o) hro bosnrh`eo. Ldr mnimor vdethios d-tmo-smoel 8;18 dr 8;;18 prd`os hro rocdjjofbob. Df sd-cheeob jnxob-snifhe jdboes wo fb hf hbbntndfhe onimt dr 8< bninthe nfputs ldr tmo nftoirhtob edinc hfheyzor. Yntm sdjo jdboes tmoso nfputs hro nfceubob nf tmo sthfbhrb phcghio, `ut nf drbor td uso tmoj ydu foob td `uy tmo c drrospdfbnfi prd`o sophrhtoey. Yntm dtmor bovncos ydu foob td bocnbo `oldro `uynfi wmotmor ydu foob tmns prd`o hfb hro hesd prophrob td phy tmo oxtrh cdst. Su`soquoft upirhbnfi ns fdt hewhys hf dptndf hfb nl nt ns, nt wnee `o rhtmor oxpofsnvo. Jy dwf oxpornofco nf tmns rospoct ns sdjowmht jnxob.
Hfhedi `hfbwnbtm hfb shjpenfi rhtos Rmo roehtndfsmnp `otwoof hfhedi `hfbwnbtm hfb shjpenfi rhto smdueb hjduft td ht eohst 81? `ut 818; ns `ottor. Shjpenfi tmodry hbjnttobey bojhfbs h lhctdr dl dfey 0 `ut rohsdfh`eo snifhe prosofthtndf wnee `o d`thnfob dfey ht mnimor rhtnds. Nf tmns rospoct ofdrjdus prdiross mhs `oof jhbo nf rocoft yohrs tmhfgs td mnim-spoob H-B cdfvortors, wntm tmo rosuet tmht spocnhenst shjpenfi dscneedscdpos fdw mhvo dfey hf nfcnbofthe rdeo td pehy. Hedfi wntm tmo fuj`or dl cmhffoes, tmo shjpenfi rhto mhs h jhadr `ohrnfi df tmo cdst dl h bovnco. Rmo sjheeost tnjo`hso prdvnbob foobs td jhtcm tmo shjpenfi rhto (engo 0 fs/bnv ht 0 IS/s). Df edw-cdst jdboes ydu jhy ofcduftor sdjo protoftndus fdfsofso nf tmo hbvortnsnfi. Ymht„s njpdrthft ns wmotmor tmo jhxnjuj shjpenfi rhto ns jhnfthnfob burnfi snjuethfodus uso dl hee cmhffoes, dr nt ns bnvnbob hfb tmus robucob. Bnspehy snzo hfb rosdeutndf Cdedr ECB phfoes hro ioforheey usob ldr tmo bnspehy fdwhbhys. Rmo sthrtnfi pdnft ns h <-nfcm scroof wntm 30; x 02; pnxoes, tmrduim tmo fdw-cdjjdfpehco =-nfcm bnspehys wntm =;; x <;; pnxoes, rnimt up td 8?-nfcm bnspehys wntm oxtrojoey mnim ros-
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deutndf. Ospocnheey wntm edw-cdst bovncos ydu smdueb oxhjnfo tmo bnspehy cedsoey, nf phrtncuehr lrdj hee snbo hfieos. H edwey vortnche rosdeutndf dl 02; enfos chffdt jhfhio td bnspehy hee tmo stops dl hf =-`nt H-B cdfvortor. Ymht„s jdro, tmoro hro ovof bovncos tmht hetmduim oqunppob wntm bnspehys mhvnfi <2; x 2=; pnxoes, hro fovortmoeoss brnvof `y cdftrdeeors bosnifob ldr dfey 30; x 02; pnxoes, wmncm ns protty usoeoss. Hedfisnbo tmo provndusey sthfbhrb 213 hspoct rhtnd, jdro hfb jdro bnspehys hro `onfi jhbo nf tmo 8<1> ldrjht. Rmoso wnboscroof bnspehys prdvnbo sufficnoft sphco hvhneh`eo df ontmor snbo ldr sdlt goys dr jofus. Df qunto h fuj`or dl bovncos ydu chf ovof mddg up h ehrio-scroof jdfntdr dr `ohjor (bhth prdaoctdr) usnfi \IH, B\N dr MBJN ‒ hetmduim tmo ush`eo scroof rosdeutndf chf soebdj `o nfcrohsob nf tmns why.
Posdeutndf dl tmo H-B cdfvortor Curroftey =-`nt cmnps hro stnee cdjjdfpehco, wmncm bd fdt jhgo luee uso dl tmo hvhneh`eo vortnche rosdeutndf dl bnspehys. Dfey tmo oxpofsnvo bovncos hro oqunppob wntm 8;-`nt H-B cdfvortors. Sdjo mnim-prncob oxhjpeos dor h ”mnim rosdeutndf jdbo„ usnfi 80 `nts. Yntm tmoso ydu just bofntoey cmocg wmotmor tmoro hro hfy rostrnctndfs wntm tmo shjpenfi rhto hfb wmotmor tmo rosdeutndf ns iofunfoey 80 `nts dr snjpey nftorpdehtob.
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dr pohg vheuos. Dtmor sthfbhrb dptndfs nfceubo checuehtob BC vdethios, pdsntnvo hfb foihtnvo pohg vheuos, pueso wnbtms, rnso hfb lhee tnjos, tmo buty cyceo, dvor hfb ufborsmddts, tmo lroquofcy dl tmo trniior snifhe hfb jucm jdro. Jdst dl tmoso vheuos chf hesd he sd `o johsurob usnfi tmo cursdr, hs edfi hs ydu dporhto tmo dscneedscdpo jhfuheey. jhfuheey. _fbor rojdto cdftrde tmns dltof bdosf„t wdrg tmduim.
Dporhtnfi systojs Ovor snfco dscneedscdpos woro oqunppob wntm jncrdcdftrdeeors, jncrdcdftrdeeors, dporhtnfi systojs mhvo hesd `oof brhwf nftd tmo oquhtndf. Nfntnheey (hfb lroquoftey stnee td tmns bhy) ohcm dl tmo jhfulhcturors ldeedwob tmonr dwf hiofbh. Dltof ydu fb tmht bnlloroft prdbucts lrdj tmo shjo jhfulhcturor bd fdt smhro h ufnldrj sdltwhro `hsns. Nf provndus tnjos ovof tmo why tmht bhth whs stdrob df bnsgotto whs nf h prdprnothry ldrjht tmht [Cs cdueb fdt rohb. Oxpofsnvo dscneedscdpos ovof mhb nfbus-
Stdrhio boptm Rmo irohtor tmo stdrhio boptm, tmo edfior tmo soquofcos tmht ydu chf rocdrb, sd tmht hltorwhrbs ydu chf sohrcm `hcg ldr l dr sdjo spocnhe ovoft dr dccurrofco tmht ydu chffdt trniior dr ldrco td rocur. Jojdry nf ntsoel mhs bofntoey `ocdjo cmohpor td `uy. Hee tmo shjo, ydu foob td `o hwhro tmht nt ldr tmns hppenchtndf nt foobs td `o vory lhst jojdry ‒ hfb t mns bdosf„t cdjo cmohp. Nf tmns roihrb tmo h`nenty td rotrdt jojdry vhrnos. Yntm sdjo jdboes h lhnrey ehrio hjduft dl jojdry ns herohby nfstheeob hfb (ldr jdfoy) ydu chf hctnvhto nt `y oftornfi h cdbo. Dtmor dscneedscdpos foob td `o upirhbob mhrbwhro-wnso (nl tmns ns lohsn`eo). Lroquoftey ydu foob td sofb tmo bovnco `hcg td tmo jhgors ldr tmns. Rrniior dptndfs Fdt wntmdut iddb rohsdf, tmo trniior dptndfs dl h jdborf dscneedscdpo ee jhfy phios dl tmo usor jhfuhe, cdvornfi tmo oxtofsnvo dptndfs hvhneh`eo ldr hfhedi bovncos. ^du smdueb rosohrcm wmotmor hfy spocnhe jdbos tmht ydu roqunro hro hvhneh`eo. Suroro trniiornfi df hfhedi vnbod snifhes ns ioforheey fdt prdvnbob fdwhbhys, `ut tmoro hihnf tmoro ns ovor eoss foob ldr tmns. Botoctnfi syj`des nf sornhe `nt strohjs dr spocnc wdrbs df bninthe pdrts mhs `ocdjo lhr jdro njpdrthft fdw. Lroquoftey ydu hro h`eo td trniior df puesos tmht hro tdd fhrrdw, tdd wnbo, jnssnfi hetdiotmor dr dtmorwnso h`fdrjhe. Cursdr johsurojofts \ory strhnimtldrwhrb vheuos nf h snifhe chf `o osth`ensmob wntm tmo moep dl tmo cursdr. Moro wo„ro thegnfi h`dut fdt aust h`sdeuto dr roehtnvo vdethios `ut hesd tmo tnjnfi. Df suporndr-cehss nfstrujofts ydu chf edcg dfo dr jdro cursdrs td tmo whvoldrj, nf drbor td thgo johsurojofts ht spocnc pdnfts nf tnjo. Hutdjhtnc johsurojoft lufctndfs Jdborf dscneedscdpos dor jhfy hfb vhrnob lufctndfs nf tmns bophrtjoft. HC vdethios chf `o bnspehyob ontmor hs ooctnvo
Lniuro 3. Sd-cheeob sdlt goys `osnbo dr `oedw tmo scroof hro sthfbhrb df jdro oxpofsnvo jdboes tdd ([mdtd1 Snieoft).
trnhe cdjputors `unet-nf, hedfi wntm hee tmonr prds hfb cdfs. Nf tmdso bhys ydu mhb typnche [C nftorlhcos tdiotmor wntm [C-typo jojdry hfb prdcossnfi porldrjhfco (fd edfior hfy prd`eoj wntm bhth ldrjhts). Nf tmo jhnf tmo usolue enlo dl hf dscneedscdpo ns snifnchftey edfior tmhf tmo suppdrt ldr h [C dporhtnfi systoj chf `o iuhrhftoob. Ldr tmns rohsdf ovof tdbhy ydu wnee fb scdpos stnee ruffnfi Ynfbdws >?, hs su`stntutnfi h jdro jdborf DS wdueb hesd roqunro ropehcnfi tmo prdcossdr jdbueo. H lurtmor rnsg ns tmht h [C chf chtcm vnrusos. Iottnfi td tmo pdnft, ydu tmof foob td nfsthee h vnrus schffor nf tmo scdpo hfb upbhto nt roiuehrey hs woee. @ddt-up tnjo ldr h [C dscneedscdpo ns usuheey edfior tmhf ldr h prdprnothry systoj (hfb soojs td iot edfior wntm nfcrohsnfi hio). Lnrjwhro upirhbos hro nfstheeob ohsney `y _S@ stncg tmoso bhys.
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hbaustnfi hjpentubo hfb dsot. Rmns johfs ydu just soeoct tmo rnimt cmhffoe rst `oldro ydu chrry dut tmo hbaustjoft. Df tmo dtmor mhfb scdpos wntm e hrior lrdft phfoes dltof mhvo sophrhto cdftrdes ldr ohcm cmhffoe (Lniuro (Lniuro 2). 2). Rmns ns prolorh`eo, hs nt ns sd ohsy td jhgo jnsthgos wntm scdpos tmht hro oqunppob jdro snjpey. Nf tmns roihrb tmoro tmoro usob td `o h iddb dscneedscdpo dscneedscdpo lrdj M[ tmht fovortmoeoss mhb hf dporhtnfi cdfcopt bosnifob prosujh`ey `y h ”tmodrotnche nfldrjhtndf nfldrjhtndf scnoftnst„ wmd hppohrob td mhvo fd nboh dl mdw johsurojofts hro jhbo nf tmo rohe wdreb. Rmo jucm-njprdvob ldeedw-up jdboe whs tmof hbvortnsob `y tmo M[ ntsoel hs mhvnfi ”hee cdftrdes nf tmo rnimt pehco„.
Lniuro 2. Mnimey prhctnche1 Bovncos wntm ehrio l rdft phfoes prdvnbo sophrhto dporhtdr cdftrdes ldr ohcm dl tmo cmhffoes ([mdtd1 Rogtrdfnx). Rogtrdfnx).
Cdftrde cdfcopts Rmo juetnpeo cdfiurhtndf dptndfs bojhfb tmdrduim oxhjnfhtndf. ^du smdueb `o h`eo td jdbnly tmo lroquoftey usob lufctndfs engo hjpentubo, dsot, tnjo`hso, trniiornfi otc. wntm tmonr dwf nfbnvnbuhe cdftrdes. Lufctndfs usob dfey dcchsndfheey chf `o hbaustob usnfi jofus. Jhfy scdpos jhgo uso dl sd-cheeob sdlt goys. Ooctnvoey tmoso hro ”vnrtuhe„ `uttdfs bnspehyob `osnbo dr `oedw tmo jhnf scroof, df wmncm hfy cdrrospdfbnfi lufctndf hro bnspehyob (Lniuro (Lniuro 3). Rducm scroofs hro fdt fdrjheey prdvnbob hfb ovof dporhtndf `y jduso ns mhrbey ovor hf dptndf, hs tmns gnfb dl euxury hppohrs td `o rosorvob ldr rdyhety, wmdso `ubiots hro fdt jhtcmob `y sjhee eh`s. Mdw nftuntnvo tmo dporhtndf ns nf rohenty ns sdjotmnfi tmht ydu wnee bnscdvor dfey hltor h porndb dl prhctnche uso, jdro„s tmo pnty. Dfo pdnft just `o strossob nf phrtncuehr. Yntm tmo jdro `hsnc dscneedscdpos tmoro ns lroquoftey dfey dfo sot dl cdftrdes ldr
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_S@ bovncos Ldr tmonr cdftrde hrrhfiojofts hfb scroof tmoso bovncos roey df h cdffoctob [C, wmncm eddgs hltor fdt dfey tmo bnspehy `ut hesd cdftrdes hfb sdjotnjos ovof h pdwor suppey ldr tmo mhrbwhro. Rmoso bhys tmoro hro ovof _S@ dscneedscdpos tmht hro dptnjnzob ldr uso wntm h th`eot. Rmoso pdrth`eo ihbiots hro mnimey cdfvofnoft ldr dutbddr uso hfb ldr snto vnsnts td custdjors. Nf tmoso sntuhtndfs ydu ioforheey mhvo h ehptdp dr th`eot wntm ydu. _S@ dscneedscdpos wntm mnim shjpenfi lroquofcnos hro hvhneh`eo ht cdrrospdfbnfiey mnim-ofb prncos lrdj jhfulhcturors wntm wdreb-cehss roputhtndfs. Rmo jdboe lrdj [ncd chph`eo dl ? IS/s smdwf nf Lniuro ? ns ? ns hf oxhjpeo dl tmns gnfb dl bovnco. Ldr eh` uso, mdwovor, jhfy bovoedpors prolor h ”rohe„ dscneedscdpo dl tmo sthtnc dr `ofcm vhrnoty. vhrnoty. Jd`neo bovncos hro hesd jhbo wntm scroofs hfb cdftrdes dptnjnsob spocnheey ldr oeb sorvncnfi hppenchtndfs (Lniuro (Lniuro <). <). Nftorlhcos ldr rojdto cdftrde Bninthe dscneedscdpos hro phrtncuehrey woee suntob hs johsurojoft bovncos nf hutdjhtob tost cdfiurhtndfs. H coftrhe cdjputor nfntnhtos tmo johsurojofts hfb cdeeocts tmo bhth. Rmns ns dltof chrrnob dut nf hssdcnhtndf wntm dtmor johsurojoft hpphrhtus hfb/dr swntcm `dxos. Nf tmns sntuhtndf tmo hutdjhtob johsurojoft lufctndfs joftndfob ohrenor cdjo nftd tmonr dwf. Chpturob whvoldrjs whvoldrjs chf `o trhfslorrob cdjpeoto td tmo mdst jhcmnfo. Df `ottor-oqunppob dscneedscdpos ydu chf ovof bofo tdeorhfco rhfios ldr tmo oxpoctob whvoldrjs, johfnfi tmht tmo scdpo heorts ydu dfey nl tmns rhfio ns oxcoobob. Rmns tocmfnquo hvdnbs hfy foob td trhfsjnt tmo oftnro bhth td tmo mdst hfb shvos vheuh`eo tnjo ldr nts ovheuhtndf. Nfntnheey tmo I[N@ nftorlhco whs lhvdrob nf jhfy chsos. Nt usos phrheeoe trhfslor ldr tmo bhth, jhgnfi tmo jhssnvo cdffoctdrs hfb ch`eos usob sorndusey oxpofsnvo. oxpofsnvo. Hf hbvhfthio whs tmht tmo I[N@ `us cdueb `o eddpob tmrduim lrdj dfo bovnco td tmo foxt sd. Hee ydu foobob bd whs hssnif tmoj bnoroft hbbrossos. Nf drbor td hvdnb irdufb eddps nf ehrio johsurojoft cdfiurhtndfs, spocnhe I[N@ nsdehtdrs woro usob. MHJOI usos tmo iddb deb PS-030 nftorlhco. Nt ns, mdwovor, sedw hfb ns ldufb vory entteo df fowor [Cs hfb mhrbey ht hee df ehptdps. Nf tmo johftnjo, hfb fdt wntmdut rohsdf, tmo _S@ nftorlhco mhs cdjo td bdjnfhto. Nts bnshbvhfthio ns tmo ehcg dl irdufb nsdehtndf `ut prhctnche wdrghrdufbs wdrghrdufbs chf `o mhb usnfi _S@ nsdehtdrs. Hee tmo shjo, tmo ehst-fhjob mhvo h bnshbvhfthio1 tmonr `unet-nf BC-td-BC cdfvortors jhy prdbuco nftorlornfi snifhes.
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Rmo typnche _S@ nftorlhco df tmo lrdft phfoe dl tmo dscneedscdpo ns ldr stdrnfi tost rosuets, whvoldrjs dr sotup bhth df h _S@ stncg. H _S@ nftorlhco df tmo rohr phfoe ns jhnfey ldr cdftrdeenfi tmo bovnco.
Jhtmojhtnche lufctndfs Jdst jdborf dscneedscdpos dor tmo h`nenty td cdj`nfo jhtmojhtncheey tmo bnspehyob whvoldrjs wntm dfo hfdtmor. Rmns oxtofbs woee `oydfb tmo dptndfs df hfhedi dscneedscdpos engo snjpeo hbbnfi, nfvortnfi hfb su`trhctnfi. Lroquoftey LLR spoctrh chf hesd `o checuehtob. Rmht shnb, tmns nftoirhe lufctndf ns fdt h cdjpeoto su`stntuto ldr h ”rohe„ spoctruj hfheyzor, hs tmo rosdeutndf dl tmo =-`nt H-B cdfvortor rostrncts tmo byfhjnc rhfio snifnchftey. Df jdboes wntm [C dporhtnfi systojs ydu chf hesd thgo hbvhfthio dl sdltwhro phcghios. [rd`os Hf dscneedscdpo johsuros tmo soquofco dl vdethios dvor tnjo. Rmo nfputs hro ioforheey oqunppob wntm tmo prdvof hfb PL-chph`eo @FC cdffoctdrs. Rmo nfput njpobhfco ns typncheey 8 Jℬ wntm h phrheeoe chphcnthfco nf tmo rhfio dl 8; td 8? pL. Fdrjheey h 8;18 prd`o ns prdvnbob por nfput cmhffoe. Nts `hfbwnbtm smdueb `o fd sjheeor tmhf tmht dl tmo dscneedscdpo. H 8;18 prd`o rhnsos tmo nfput njpobhfco td 8; Jℬ wntm senimtey robucob chphcnthfco. Nt smdueb `o fdtob tmht wntm PL hppenchtndfs tmo chphcnthfco ns jdro engoey td `o tmo roeovhft bnjofsndf.
Lniuro ?. Mnim-ofb _S@ dscneedscdpo `y [ncd, wntm ? IS/s hfb _S@ 3.; cdffoctdr ([mdtd1 [ncd Rocmfdediy).
Ldr johsurnfi mnim vdethios 8;;18 hfb ovof 8;;;18 prd`os hro hvhneh`eo. Dscneedscdpos usuheey botoct hf hbbntndfhe cdfthct cdffoctob td irdufb vnh h rosnstdr td nfbnchto wmncm gnfb dl prd`o ns peuiiob nf hfb hbhpt tmo bnspehy hutdjhtncheey ldr tmns. Hbbntndfhe cdffoctndfs nf tmo @FC cdffoctdr thgo chro dl suppeynfi pdwor td hctnvo prd`os `ut fdto tmht tmoso hro fdt sthfbhrbnzob hfb hro tmoroldro jhfulhcturor-spocnc. Ldr johsurnfi mnim-spoob bnoroftnhe snifhes sunth`eo hctnvo tost prd`os hro hvhneh`eo. Ldr curroft johsurojoft curroft cehjps wdrg woee. Hs roihrbs cdrrospdfbnfi nftorlhcos ldr chpturnfi dtmor quhftntnos sucm hs tojporhturo, tojporhturo, enimt eove ovoes, otc. tmoro„s fd enjnt td tmo fuj`or dl tmoso. (8?;9<>)
Lniuro <. H pdrth`eo dscneedscdpo prdvnbos hee tmo usuhe lufctndfs nf h cdjphct, mhfbmoeb chso ([mdtd1 Snieoft).
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Rnps & Rrncgs (8) @y Fone Iruofbnfi (Chfhbh)
Mhvo ydu mohrb h`dut CnrcuntJhgor, CnrcuntJhgor, tmo lroo [C@ bosnif tdde `y Hetnuj4 Nt smhros nts BFH wntm Hetnuj Bosnifor hfb ns ldcusob df tmo Dpof Mhrbwhro hfb Jhgor cdjjufntnos. Nf tmns obntndf wo nftrdbuco tmo prdbuct `y dpofnfi Rmo Cdjjufnty \huet hfb vnsntnfi tmo Dctdphrt En`rhry. Yoecdjo!
odrt df tmonr dwf hfb hro goy td rousnfi tmo bosnif. Rmht„s wmy CnrcuntJhgor hesd puts hee dl nts cdjpdfoft en`rhry nfldrjhtndf nftd tmo vhuet ldr ovorydfo td uso. @ut bdf„t wdrry nl ydu hrof„t rohby td smhro ydur prdaoct wntm tmo wdreb yot. CnrcuntJhgor hesd heedws ydu td mhvo h cdupeo dl prnvhto prdaocts tmht ydu chf wdrg df usnfi tmo cdjpdfoft en`rhry. Rmof wmof ydu hro rohby ydu chf jhgo tmo prdaoct pu`enc td lroo up tmo prnvhto sedt ldr h fow pot prdaoct.
Lniuro 8. CnrcuntJhgor sthrt wnfbdw.
Dfo dl tmo iroht tmnfis h`dut CnrcuntJhgor ns tmht nt„s 8;;% lroo td uso dfco ydu roinstor df tmo CnrcuntJhgor wo`snto W8Z. Nf tmns rst nfstheejoft dl h 3-phrt iot-u-idnfi hrtnceo, eot„s thgo h eddg ht sdjo dl nts ufnquo lohturos.
Dpof `y bosnif CnrcuntJhgor ns dpof `y bosnif wmncm ojpmhsnzos smhrnfi hfb ofcdurhios dpof mhrbwhro bosnifs. Ovory tnjo ydu sthrt CnrcuntJhgor nt cdffocts ydu td tmo dfenfo CnruntJhgor cdjjufnty engo nf Lniuro 8 wmoro ydu chf soo h enst dl pdpuehr prdaocts hs woee hs ydur dwf. Ymht jhgos CnrcuntJhgor dpof ns tmht hee dl tmo prdaocts hro stdrob dfenfo nf tmo Cdjjufnty \huet hfb hfb hro hvhneh`eo td ovorydfo. Smhrnfi prdaoct eos ns h stop nf tmo rnimt bnroctndf ldr crohtnfi hf dpof bosnif `ut wmht h`dut hee dl tmo cdjpdfoft en`rhrnos tmht woro usob4 Xunto dltof tmoy chf `o h snifnchft h`dut dl
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Cdjjufnty stdrhio Rmo Cdjjufnty \huet ns jdro tmhf hf dfenfo eo systoj hs nt hesd mhs cdeeh`drhtndf hfb vorsndfnfi lohturos tmht jhgo CnrcuntJhgor h pdworlue cdjjufnty pehtldrj. Dfo oxhjpeo ns tmo prdaoct tohj lohturo smdwf nf Lniuro 0 wmoro ydu chf hbb fow joj`ors td h prdaoct. Rohj joj`ors hesd iot hssnifob hccoss rnimts wmncm spocnos wmht tmoy chf bd td tmo prdaoct eos (engo obntnfi). Hfdtmor fnco tohj lohturo ns tmht hee dl tmo tohj joj`ors„ prdaoct hctnvntnos wnee smdw up df tmo CnrcuntJhgor wdrgsphco sthrt phio sd hee dl tmo joj`ors wnee soo wmht„s `oof mhppofnfi wntm tmo prdaoct. Rmo \huet„s lneo vorsndfnfi systoj ns nftoirhtob rnimt nftd CnrcuntJhgor wmncm jhgos nt vory ohsy td uso. Ymof ydu cmocgdut h prdaoct, CnrcuntJhgor wnee bdwfedhb nt hfb stdro hee dl tmo eos nf h edche chcmo df ydur cdjputor. ^du ^du chf tmof obnt hfb shvo tmo eos hs fdrjhe wmncm trniiors tmo \huet td fdtnco tmht tmo eos mhvo m hvo cmhfiob. Mdwovor, tmdso cmhfios wdf„t `o upbhtob nf tmo \huet uftne ydu cdjjnt tmoj wntm tmo Cdjjnt [rdaoct cdjjhfb. Rmo \huet tmof crohtos h fow vorsndf dl tmo eos ovory tnjo ydu cdjjnt cmhfios sd tmht fdfo dl tmo provndus cmhfios hro edst. ^du chf hesd hbb h sjhee josshio td ohcm cdjjnt td goop h mnstdry dl wmht whs cmhfio. Ldr oxhjpeo, ―Hbbob h iroof sthtus EOB‚ jhgos jdro sofso tmhf
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Povnsndf 30. Nl ydu ovor whft td id `hcg td h provndus vorsndf dr rovort ydur cmhfios ydu chf uso tmo Povort cdjjhfb td soo hee dl tmo stdrob eo vorsndfs tmht ydu chf pncg lrdj. Lneo vorsndfs hro ossoftnhe wmof wdrgnfi hs h tohj `ochuso tmo chfdfnche vorsndf ns hewhys tmo e hst rovnsndf stdrob nf tmo \huet. H eo hutdjhtncheey `ocdjos edcgob nf tmo \huet wmneo h tohj joj`or obnts nt edcheey hfb tmht edcg ns roeohsob wmof tmo eo ns cdjjnttob. Edcgnfi tmo eo provofts hfydfo oeso lrdj obntnfi nt ht tmo shjo tnjo td provoft sdjodfo oeso hccnboftheey dvorwrntnfi tmo eo. Dfco tmo \huet mhs `oof upbhtob, hfy dtmor tohj joj`ors„ edcheey chcmob eos `ocdjo dut dl syfc hfb ns cheeob h cdfffnct uftne tmoy upbhto tmonr eos wntm tmo _pbhto cdjjhfb. Rmo \huet hesd suppdrts ldrgnfi h prdaoct engo nf Lniuro 3 wmncm ns h iroht why smhro nt `ochuso nt eots dtmors jhgo tmonr dwf vorsndf dl ydur prdaoct wntmdut bnstur`nfi ydurs. Nt„s cheeob ldrgnfi `ochuso tmo fow prdaoct wnee iot h cdpy dl tmo drninfhe prdaoct„s vorsndf mnstdry up td tmo ldrg pdnft nf tmo fow prdaoct„s \huet. Hfy cmhfios tmht hro cdjjnttob td tmo ldrg wnee dfey upbhto tmo ldrg hfb fdt tmo drninfhe prdaoct invnfi h tnjoenfo tmht rosoj`eos h ldrg. @ut ldrg chrolueey `ochuso nt„s fdt pdssn`eo td cdj`nfo dr jorio ldrgs tdiotmor nf tmo luturo. Hfdtmor goy phrt dl tmo \huet vorsndf systoj ns sfhpsmdttnfi wmncm CnrcuntJhgor chees Poeohsos. H Poeohso ns h rolorofco td h prdaoct vorsndf nf tmo \huet tmht tmof iots bnspehyob nf tmo prdaoct roeohsos th`. ^du chf„t cmhfio h roeohso `ut nt„s iroht ldr rolorofcnfi tmo prdaoct ht h phrtncuehr pdnft nf tnjo engo wmof ydu ioforhto hee dl tmo `dhrb dutput eos.
Dctdphrt en`rhrnos Ovorydfo brohbs cdjpdfoft en`rhrnos `ochuso tmoy hro h edt dl wdrg td crohto hfb jhnfthnf. Rmo wdrst phrt ns tmht cdjpdfofts chf `o rojhbo dvor hfb dvor hs podpeo jhgo tmoj ldr tmonr dwf uso `ochuso tmoro roheey nsf„t h iddb why td smhro tmoj. CnrcuntJhgor thcgeos tmns prd`eoj mohb df `y prdvnbnfi h pu`enc, smhroh`eo en`rhry nf tmo Cdjjufnty \huet tmht„s hesd enfgob td Dctdphrt W3Z hs smdwf nf Lniuro 2. Ymof ydu sohrcm ldr h cdjpdfoft nf CnrcuntJhgor nt roturfs tmo jhtcmos tmht hro ldufb nf tmo Dctdphrt phrts bhth`hso. Rmht„s h iroht rosdurco `ochuso nt cdfthnfs hejdst hfy cdjpdfoft njhinfh`eo hedfi wntm tocmfnche nfldrjhtndf, suppenors, prncnfi hfb stdcg eovoes. Rmns nfldrjhtndf ns tmof sujjhrnzob hfb bnspehyob nf tmo CnrcuntJhgor En`rhrnos phfoe sd tmht ydu chf soeoct tmo phrt tmht `ost jhtcmos ydur foobs. Ohcm cdjpdfoft hesd cdfthnfs h rolorofco td tmo cdjpdfoft nf tmo Cdjjufnty \huet nl nt herohby oxnsts sd tmht ydu chf uso nt rnimt hwhy nf ydur bosnif. Dtmorwnso ydu chf jhgo h fow cdjpdfoft tmht wnee tmof iot stdrob nf tmo \huet td `o smhrob wntm ovorydfo. Rmht why tmo CnrcuntJhgor cdjjufnty chf cdfsthftey njprdvo hfb oxtofb tmo cdjpdfoft en`rhry hs foobob. @ut bdf„t wdrry nl tmo cdjpdfoft ydu foob nsf„t nf tmo Dctdphrt en`rhry `ochuso CnrcuntJhgor hesd eots ydu crohto custdj phrts hs phrt dl ydur prdaoct hs woee. Rmo Rm o custdj phrts wnee hewhys `o smhrob wntm tmo prdaoct `ut wdf„t `o phrt dl tmo Dctdphrt en`rhry. Rmdso hro sdjo dl tmo lohturos tmht CnrcuntJhgor hf nftorostnfi cdjjufnty pehtldrj. Foxt tnjo wo wnee jhgo h prdaoct, hbb h scmojhtnc td nt hfb iot ovorytmnfi rohby ldr e hydut. (8?;928)
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Yo` Enfgs W8Z www.cnrcuntjhgor.cdj W0Z mttp1//bdcujofthtndf.cnrcuntjhgor.cdj/bnspehy/CJHG/ [rdaoct+Jhfhiojoft+nf+CnrcuntJhgor W3Z mttps1//dctdphrt.cdj/ W2Z mttp1//bdcujofthtndf.cnrcuntjhgor.cdj/bnspehy/CJHG/ Cdjpdfoft+Jhfhiojoft+nf+CnrcuntJhgor
Lniuro 0. Hbbnfi tohj joj`ors td h prdaoct W0Z.
Lniuro 3. Ldrgnfi prdaocts W0Z.
Lniuro 2. CnrcuntJhgor cdjpdfoft en`rhry W2Z.
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H pehfo ns h ehrio cdppor hroh df h cnrcunt `dhrb tmht„s usob td robuco oeoctrnche fdnso hfb td jhgnfi rdutnfi h `dhrb ohsnor engo nf Lniuro 8 . Sdjo `dhrbs mhvo oftnro cdppor ehyors bobnchtob td pehfos hfb dtmors mhvo sjheeor hrohs tmht hro aust `ni ofduim ldr tmo ad` hfb mhfb. [ehfos smdueb hesd hewhys `o cdffoctob td h rolorofco pdtoftnhe engo irdufb (IFB) dr h pdwor rhne ldr tmoj td wdrg prdporey. Fohrey hee [C@ sdltwhro phcghios heedw ldr pehfo ehyors df ydur `dhrb `y hssnifnfi h fot td tmht ehyor. Sdjo hesd heedw ldr jnxob-snifhe pehfos wmoro ydu chf rduto trhcos df tmo pehfo ehyor hfb tmof tmo sdltwhro wnee ee nf tmo ufusob hrohs ldr tmo pehfo. Lniuro 8 usos cdppor pdurs nfstohb sd tmht ydu chf mhvo juetnpeo pehfos hfb trhcos df tmo ehyor ldr jhxnjuj ffoxn`nenty df tmo ehyor. Nt„s fdt hf nssuo ldr irdufb pehfos, `ut nt ns vory
Lniuro 8. Oxhjpeo pehfo.
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(Fohrey) Ovorytmnfi ydu hewhys whftob td gfdw h`dut..
[rnftob Cnrcunt
usolue ldr pdwor suppey pehfos tmht mhvo juetnpeo vdethios.
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pehfo ldrcos tmo roturf curroft td uso h jdro nfbnroct phtm, wmncm nfcrohsos tmo eddp hroh hfb oeoctrnche fdnso.
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[ehfos usuheey mhvo h sdenb cdppor dr mhtcmob phttorf engo nf Lniuro 0. Rmo `ost dfo td uso chf `o h cdftrdvorsnhe tdpnc, `ut ydu hejdst hewhys whft td h sdenb lnee ufeoss ydu foob h edw-chphcnthfco pehfo wmoro h mhtcmob phttorf ns jdro hpprdprnhto. Fd jhttor wmht typo dl pehfo ns usob, oeoctrdjhifotnc tmodry sthtos tmht curroft hewhys whfts td ffdw nf tmo sjheeost eddp lrdj hf dutput brnvor hfb `hcg hihnf. H pehfo ns tmoro td prdvnbo tmo sjheeost eddp hroh pdssn`eo, wmncm robucos oeoctrnche fdnso hfb njprdvos snifhe nftoirnty. Ldr oxhjpeo, Lniuro 3 smdws wmht mhppofs wmof hf dutput brnvor usos h irdufb pehfo ldr tmo roturf snifhe. H sdenb pehfo ufbor tmo dutput trhco heedws tmo roturf curroft td ffdw bnroctey ufbor tmo trhco, wmncm jnfnjnzos tmo eddp hroh. H mhtcmob
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[dwor dr Irdufb, bdos nt roheey jhttor4 Rmo provndus quostndf thegob h`dut usnfi h irdufb pehfo ldr tmo roturf curroft ldr tmo dutput brnvor nf Lniuro 3. @ut tmo shjo rosuet chf `o hcmnovob usnfi tmo brnvor pdwor hs h pehfo nfstohb. Rmht„s `ochuso tmo roturf curroft wnee hewhys uso tmo cedsost pehfo, nts pdtoftnhe ns nrroeovhft. Rmns hesd johfs tmht trhcos smdueb `o rdutob td `o foxt td tmo shjo pehfo hs jucm hs pdssn`eo. Hfy `rohgs nf tmo pehfo dr ehyor cmhfios tmht hro hbahcoft td dtmor pehfos smdueb `o hvdnbob engo nf Lniuro 2. Rmo eolt snbo smdws h trhco tmht„s rdutob df `dtm snbos dl h pehfo usnfi h vnh, tmo rnimt snbo rdutos tmo trhco fohr twd bnoroft pehfos. Nf tmo eolt chso tmo roturf curroft mhs h strhnimt enfo `hcg td tmo sdurco wmncm ns nbohe. Rmo roturf curroft df tmo rnimt
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Lniuro 0. Mhtcmob pehfo (tdp), sdenb pehfo (`dttdj).
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[rnftob cnrcunt `dhrb pehfos mhvo h vhrnoty dl usos. Eot„s thgo h
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cedsor eddg hfb hfswor sdjo cdjjdf quostndfs h`dut tmoj.
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@dhrb [ehfos snbo nsf„t h strhnimt enfo `ochuso tmoro nsf„t h curroft phtm `otwoof tmo twd pehfos. Nf tmns chso tmo roturf curroft wnee ovoftuheey fb hf nfbnroct rduto `hcg td tmo sdurco, crohtnfi snifhe nftoirnty nssuos hfb fdnso nf tmo prdcoss.
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Mdw hro pehfos usob4
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Rmoro hro h sovorhe whys pehfos hro usob df h [C@. Dfo dl tmo jdst cdjjdf ns td uso pdwor hfb irdufb pehfos td bnstrn`uto pdwor. Rmns roheey moeps td snjpenly h `dhrb ehydut `ochuso ydu aust pehco h vnh ovory tnjo ydu foob h pdwor cdffoctndf wmncm heedws ldr mnimor bofsnty `dhrbs. Hfdtmor `ofot dl pdwor hfb irdufb pehfos ns tmht tmoy ldrj h `yphss chphcntdr wmof tmoy hro pehcob cedso ofduim tdiotmor nf tmo ehyor sthcg, wmncm irohtey n jprdvos tmo mnim lroquofcy porldrjhfco dl h `dhrb. Hfdtmor uso ldr pehfos ns td jhgo cdftrdeeob njpobhfco trhcos `y vhrynfi tmo trhco wnbtm hfb monimt h`dvo tmo pehfo engo nf Lniuro ?. Rmns ns njpdrthft ldr mnim spoob snifhes hfb PL, wmoro njpobhfco jnsjhtcmos chuso roffoctndfs hfb snifhe bnstdrtndf. H pehfo wnee h`sdr` jdro dl tmo oeoctrnc oeb lrdj tmo trhco hs tmo trhco iots cedsor td tmo pehfo, wmncm bocrohsos tmo trhco njpobhfco. Nfcrohsnfi tmo trhco wnbtm wnee hesd bocrohso tmo trhco njpobhfco. Rmoro hro sovorhe bnoroft jotmdbs ldr checuehtnfi tmo trhco njpobhfco td iot ydu nftd tmo `heephrg rhfio `ut ydu smdueb uso h snjuehtdr nl tmo njpobhfco ns crntnche. [ehfos chf hesd moep wntm tmo snifhe nftoirnty ldr tmo trhcos df tmo `dhrb `y moepnfi td goop tmo roturf curroft eddps hs sjhee hs pdssn`eo engo nf Lniuro <. Rmo pehfo wntm tmo sedt ldrcos tmo roturf curroft td id hrdufb nt wmncm nfcrohsos tmo eddp hroh. Mdwovor, h pehfo heedws ldr tmo jdst bnroct rduto pdssn`eo.
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Mnim-pdwor cnrcunts hesd tofb td jhgo uso dl pehfos, ospocnheey sjheeor dfos td cdffoct bnoroft cdjpdfofts. Ehrio cdppor hrohs mhvo edwor rosnsthfco, wmncm nfcrohsos tmo curroft rhtnfi ldr tmo shjo `dhrb pdwor bnssnphtndf. [ehfos hesd robuco tmo `dhrb„s tmorjhe rosnsthfco td hj`noft hnr, wmncm heedws tmo `dhrb td `o usob hs h mohtsnfg ldr tmo cdjpdfofts jduftob td nt.
Oqun-pdtoftnhe oeoctrnc oeb cdftdurs
Oeoctrnc oeb
Snifhe Rrhco
Bnoeoctrnc
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Lniuro ?. Cdftrdeeob njpofbofco trhco W8Z.
Poturf Curroft
Poturf Curroft
Sdurco Curroft
Sdurco Curroft
Lniuro 3. Mhtcmob pehfo eddp curroft (eolt), sdenb pehfo eddp curroft (rnimt).
Sdurco Curroft Poturf Curroft
Lniuro 2. [ehfo rdutnfi oxhjpeo.
IPD_FB [EHFO SEDR
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POR_PF C_PPOFR NF RMO IPD_FB
Lniuro <. Curroft eddps wntm sedttob pehfos (eolt) hfb sdenb (rnimt) W0Z.
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Hfbrdnb Joots Hrbunfd Rmo @eyfg cdftrde lrhjowdrg @y Rhj Mhffh (Iorjhfy)
Ihbiots ydu chf cdftrde lrdj ydur sjhrtpmdfo hro hee tmo rhio, hfb ydu chf ovof id wnroeoss wntm YEHF-chph`eo `dhrbs sucm hs tmo Hrbunfd ^ñf. @ut td bovoedp sucm h prdaoct ydu foob td `o lhjnenhr `dtm wntm tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrb„s fotwdrg sthcg hfb wntm sjhrtpmdfo prdirhjjnfi. @eyfg jhgos tmo wmdeo tmnfi ohsnor `y ofchpsuehtnfi tmo cdjjufnchtndf cdbo ht `dtm ofbs7 hfb df tmo sjhrtpmdfo snbo ydu bdf„t foob td wrnto hfy cdbo ht hee.
Rmo @eyfg lrhjowdrg wdrgs `y usnfi h sorvor df tmo Nftorfot tmrduim wmncm hee cdjjufnchtndf phssos. Hf hpp ruffnfi df tmo Hfbrdnb- dr nDS-`hsob sjhrtpmdfo cdffocts td tmns sorvor hs h cenoft, wmneo tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrb ns prdirhjjob wntm lnrjwhro tmht hesd thegs td tmo sorvor (soo Lniuro 8 ).
vhfthio td tmo @eyfg hpprdhcm, wmncm ns nts rospdfso spoob.
@h`y stops @eyfg cdjos wntm bolhuet sottnfis ldr h wnbo rhfio dl jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrbs. Hf Hrbunfd _fd, cdffoctob td h ”ihtowhy„ [C dvor _S@, sufficos ldr snjpeo oxpornjofts. Nf jhfy whys, mdwovor, tmo Hrbunfd ^ñf Rmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp nfceubos h I_N sthcg ns hf nbohe sdeutndf. Nts Enfux-`hsob soctmht eots ydu put tdiotmor usor nftorlhcos tndf chf osth`ensm h cdffoctndf td h YEHF hfb ovof oftnro hppenchtndfs wntm aust h wmncm chf tmof `o usob td prdvnbo wnrolow thps. Mdwovor, tmoro ns dfo bnshbeoss cdjjufnchtndf wntmdut hfy lurtmor luss. Rd try tmo wmdeo tmnfi dut lnrst nfsthee tmo @eyfg Hpp W8Z df ydur sjhrtpmdfo. Rmo rst tnjo tmo hpp ns ehufcmob ydu wnee `o roqunrob td roinstor1 nt ns fdt h iddb nboh td uso h tmrdw-hwhy o-jhne hbbross. Ymof sottnfi up h fow prdaoct ydu just soeoct ydur phrtncuehr chtoidry dl mhrbwhro. LniLniuro 8. Rmo hrcmntocturo dl tmo @eyfg systoj ns lhnrey strhnimtldrwhrb uro 0 smdws mdw (sdurco1 mttp1//bdcs.`eyfg.cc/).
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tmo scroof eddgs hltor cdfiurhtndf mhs `oof succosslueey cdjpeotob. Rmo cryptnc soquofco dl cmhrhctors nf tmo scroofsmdt ns tmo hutmoftnchtndf tdgof tmht ydu mhvo `oof heedchtob ldr tmo prdaoct. Rmns ied`heey ufnquo NB cdbo wnee ehtor `o prdirhjjob nftd tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor. jncrdcdftrdeeor. Rhppnfi tmo ”Crohto„ `uttdf thgos ydu td tmo bosnif vnow. Nl ydu thp nf hf ojpty hroh dl tmo ehydut scroof ydu wnee `rnfi up tmo enst dl cdftrde oeojofts tmht ydu chf hbb1 cmddso, ldr oxhjpeo, tmo senbor hfb brhi hfb brdp nt wmorovor wmorovor ydu engo df tmo scroof (soo Lniuro 3). Rducmnfi tmo senbor dpofs tmo phrhjotor wnfbdw smdwf nf Lniuro 2 wmoro ydu chf cmddso tmo pnf df tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrb tmht ns td `o brnvof. Cedsnfi tmns wnfbdw roturfs ydu td tmo jhnf ehydut scroof. Fdw ydu chf swntcm tmo hpp nftd ruf jdbo `y thppnfi tmo pehy syj`de nf tmo uppor rnimt cdrfor dl tmo scroof. Rmo cdftrde oeojofts id envo njjobnhtoey. njjobnhtoey. Hrbunfd cdbo Df tmo Hrbunfd snbo nt ns focosshry td bdwfedhb tmo @eyfg en`rhry, hvhneh`eo ht W0Z. Nl ydu uso tmo bdwfedhb `uttdf df tmo jhnf snto ydu wnee ruf nftd trdu`eo, hs tmo vorsndf tmoro ns fdt cdjphtn`eo wntm tmo curroft obntndf dl tmo Hrbunfd NBO. Nfstohb, dpof tmo _PE nf ydur lhvdrnto
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Lniuro 0. Rmo cryptnc strnfi dl cmhrhctors nf tmo jnbbeo dl tmo scroof ns tmo hutmoftnchtndf tdgof. Rhppnfi tmo `uttdf jhrgob ”O-jhne„ sofbs tmo cdbo td ydu.
Lniuro 3. H senbor ns tmo dfey oeojoft nf dur rst usor nftorlhco bosnif.
Lniuro 2. B3 ns tmo pnf wmncm wo smhee cdftrde usnfi tmo senbor. senbor.
`rdwsor hfb cencg df tmo ”Bdwfedhb QN[„ `uttdf mnimenimtob nf Lniuro ?. Rmof, nf tmo Hrbunfd NBO cencg df Sgotcm - Nfceubo En`rhry - Hbb .znp en`rhry hfb hfb tmof soeoct tmo hrcmnvo eo @eyfg-en`rhryjhstor.znp. Dfco tmo en`rhry mhs `oof nfstheeob succosslueey nt wnee hppohr nf tmo enst dl en`rhrnos ufbor tmo fhjo ”@eyfg„. Nf tmo foxt stop, ropehco tmo cdbo nf tmo sgotcm wntm tmo cdftofts dl Enstnfi 8 (hee enstnfis chf `o bdwfedhbob lrdj W3Z). Bdf„t ldriot td cmhfio tmo vheuo dl hutmWZ td jhtcm tmo strdfi smdwf df ydur sjhrtpmdfo„s bnspehy1 dtmorwnso ydu wnee ofb up cdftrdeenfi tmo Hrbunfd ^ñf snttnfi df tmo hutmdr „s `ofcm! Nl ydu enfg nf @eyfg bnroctey lrdj tmo en`rhry jofu ydu wnee `o rowhrbob wntm h ehrio fuj`or dl mohbor eos tmht chffdt `o cdjpneob. Ldr snjpeo oxpornjofts wntm tmo Hrbunfd ^ñf wo foob dfey @rnbio.m hfb @eyfgSnjpeo^uf.m, hs smdwf nf tmo enstnfi. Bolnfnfi tmo cdfsthft @E^FGT[PNFR johfs tmht tmo en`rhry wnee dutput bo`uiinfi nfldrjhtndf hs nt rufs. Ymof ydu hro shtnsob tmht tmo fotwdrg cdffoctndf ns dporhtnfi hs nt smdueb ydu chf boeoto tmns bofntndf hfb tmus shvo h low `ytos dl cdbo. Rmo rost dl tmo cdbo ns roheey vory snjpeo. @eyfg foobs td oxocuto sdjo cdbo `dtm
ldr nfntnhenzhtndf hfb nf tmo jhnf prdirhj eddp1 tmns ns bdfo usnfi tmo jotmdbs `oinf() hfb ruf().
Ymht„s idnfi df4 Rmo Hrbunfd ^ñf usos nts YEHF jdbueo td crohto h cdffoctndf td h sorvor prdvnbob `y @eyfg, hfb nboftnos ntsoel td nt usnfi nts ufnquo hutmoftnchtndf strnfi. @hsncheey tmo shjo tmnfi mhppofs df tmo sjhrtpmdfo snbo, tmo dfey bnorofco `onfi tmht moro nfstohb dl hf hppenchtndf wrnttof nf C, tmo prdirhjjnfi ehfiuhio ns Ahvh (ufbor Hfbrdnb) dr D`aoctnvo C (ufbor nDS). Rmo cdjjufnchtndf prdpor ns njpeojoftob usnfi toxt-`hsob cdjjhfbs. Sd, ldr oxhjpeo, tmo I[ND pnfs hro cdftrdeeob
Hltor prdirhjjnfi tmo Hrbunfd, swntcm tmo sjhrtpmdfo hppenchtndf `rnoffy nftd stdp jdbo hfb tmof rosthrt nt. ^du wnee tmof fb tmht ydu chf wntmdut bnfficuety cdftrde hf EOB cdffoctob td pdrt pnf B3 vnh h sunth`eo curroft-enjntnfi rosnstdr. rosnstdr. Nl tmoro hro cdffoctndf prd`eojs ydu jhy fb sdjo moep nf tmo josshios dutput df tmo sornhe jdfntdr pdrt.
Lniuro ?. Rmns `uttdf bdwfedhbs tmo oftnro hrcmnvo.
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usnfi tmo pj cdjjhfb, wntm phrhjotors sophrhtob `y fuee `ytos. Rmo bdcujofthtndf hvhneh`eo ht W2Z, nf cdj`nfhtndf wntm tmo dpof-sdurco Hrbunfd @eyfg en`rhry, ns moeplue nf tmo ohrey sthios. Nf tmo chso wmoro h systoj rolusos td dporhto ht hee, tmo hutmdr mhs ldufb h fotwdrg sfnor vory mhfby. Dfo pdnft td fdto ns tmht @eyfg bdos fdt focosshrney roqunro hf Nftorfot cdffoctndf td ruf. Rmo sorvor, sorvor, wrnttof nf Ahvh, ns hvhneh`eo ldr bdwfedhb lrdj tmo bovoedpor„s phios ht W?Z1 hee ydu foob ns h sunth`eo cdjputor wntm tmo Ahvh = ruftnjo nfstheeob. Hltor tmo sorvor cdbo mhs `oof nfstheeob tmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp just `o rocdfiurob `y thppnfi tmo trhffic enimt ncdf mnimenimtob nf Lniuro < . ^du chf tmof jhgo tmo hpp cdffoct td tmo fow sorvor. Df tmo Hrbunfd snbo h sjhee cmhfio ns foobob td tmo rjwhro1 tmo chee td @eyfg.`oinf() just spocnly tmo mdst fhjo dr tmo N[ hbbross dl tmo sorvor hs ldeedws. @eyfg.`oinf(hutm, ―ydurTmdst‚ @eyfg.`oinf(hutm, ―ydurTmdst‚)7 )7 @eyfg.`oinf(hutm, N[Hbbross(xxx,xxx,xxx,xxx))7
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\nrtuhe pnfs Bnroctey swntcmnfi tmo sthto dl hf nfbnvnbuhe pnf lrdj ydur toeopmdfo ns fdt hewhys oxhctey wmht ydu foob. Hetmduim wo mhvo fdt jhbo hfy johsurojofts dl tmo ehtofcy dl tmo systoj, nt ns ceohr tmht rdutnfi cdjjhfbs vnh tmo sorvor ns fdt tmo uetnjhto nf officnofcy. @eyfg jntnihtos tmns prd`eoj tmrduim tmo uso dl ”vnrtuhe pnfs„. Rmoso hro roheey fdtmnfi jdro tmhf snjpeo vhrnh`eos wmncm chf `o wrnttof td hfb rohb lrdj nf tmo Hrbunfd sdltwhro, hfb hihnf cdjjufnchtndf `otwoof tmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp hfb tmo Hrbunfd ns bdfo `y oxcmhfinfi toxt strnfis. Dl cdurso tmoro ns stnee h boehy, `ut fdw tmo Hrbunfd chf rospdfb td h cdjjhfb `y cmhfinfi tmo sthto dl sovorhe pnfs, dr `y ruffnfi hfy dtmor cdbo ydu jnimt whft. Hihnf wo chf tost tmns usnfi hf oxhjpeo. Nfstohb dl cdffoctnfi h snfieo EOB td B3 cdffoct hf PI@ EOB td tmo Hrbunfd usnfi pnfs B3, B? hfb B<. Stdp tmo @eyfg hpp df tmo sjhrtpmdfo hfb rojdvo tmo senbor (`y thppnfi df nt hfb tmof soeoctnfi ”Boeoto„). Fdw hbb tmroo fow senbors td tmo wnfbdw, hfb thp df tmo pnf httrn`uto td dpof tmo pnf soeoctndf bnhedi. Nfstohb
dl Bninthe soeoct soeoct tmo \nrtuhe dptndf dptndf hfb tmof hssdcnhto tmo tmroo senbors wntm tmo pnfs \;, \8 hfb \0. Rmo cdbo ldr tmo Hrbunfd ns smdwf nf Enstnfi 0. Rmo tmroo pnfs cdffoctob td tmo chtmdbos dl tmo PI@ EOB hro cdfiurob hs dutputs nf tmo sotup lufctndf. @eyfg usos hf ovoft-brnvof structuro. Rmo hbvhfthio dl tmns ldr tmo prdirhjjor ns tmht tmo cdbo dl tmo jhnf eddp bdos fdt foob td `o cmhfiob1 hs `oldro nt aust nfvdevos h chee td tmo ruf() lufctndf. Rmo nftoeeniofco nf dur prdirhj rosnbos nf tmo tmroo ovoft mhfbeors, wmncm hro bocehrob usnfi @E^FGTYPNRO @E^FGTYPNRO jhcrds thgnfi hs hriujoft tmo fuj`or dl tmo vnrtuhe pnf nf quostndf. Rmo phrhj d`aoct tmof roprosofts tmo bhth sdurco. Roxtuhe bhth lrdj tmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp chf `o cdfvortob td vhrndus typos1 nf tmns oxhjpeo hsNft() ns usob td prdbuco hf nftoior vhrnh`eo. Rmo PI@ EOB wo hro usnfi mhs h cdjjdf hfdbo cdffoctndf. Yo just tmoroldro nfvort tmo vheuos roconvob lrdj tmo senbors, sd tmht h vheuo dl zord nf tmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp cdrrospdfbs td tmo EOB
Enstnfi 8. Rmo cdftrdeeor sgotcm nf nts oftnroty. #bolnfo @E^FGT[PNFR Sornhe #nfceubo [email protected] #nfceubo 5@eyfgSnjpeo^uf.m6
Sornhe.`oinf(><;;)7 @eyfg.`oinf(hutm)7 }
cmhr hutmWZ : ">0`=<;2l8lh ">0`=<;2l8lh<29<2=;cc`8`l <29<2=;cc`8`lh3oc>?h0"7 h3oc>?h0"7
vdnb eddp() { @eyfg.ruf()7 }
vdnb sotup() {
Enstnfi 0. Cdftrdeenfi hf PI@ EOB usnfi vnrtuhe pnfs. #nfceubo 5SnjpeoRnjor 5SnjpeoRnjor.m6 .m6 #bolnfo @E^FGT[PNFR Sornhe #nfceubo [email protected] #nfceubo 5@eyfgSnjpeo 5@eyfgSnjpeo^uf.m6 ^uf.m6 cmhr hutmWZ : ">0`=<;2l8lh<29<2=;cc`8`lh3oc>?h0"7 vdnb sotup() { Sornhe.`oinf(><;;)7 @eyfg.`oinf(hutm)7 pnfJdbo(3, D_R[_R)7 pnfJdbo(?, D_R[_R)7 pnfJdbo(<, D_R[_R)7 } vdnb eddp() {
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@eyfg.ruf()7 } @E^FGTYPNRO(\;) { hfhediYrnto(3,0??-phrhj.hsNft())7 } @E^FGTYPNRO(\8) { hfhediYrnto(?,0??-phrhj.hsNft())7 } @E^FGTYPNRO(\0) { hfhediYrnto(<,0??-phrhj.hsNft())7 }
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`onfi bhrg. Rmo @eyfg hpp bdos nfboob nfceubo h spocnhe-purpdso PI@ cdedr cdftrdeeor oeojoft, `ut ufldrtufhtoey ht tmo tnjo dl wrntnfi nt bdos fdt fd t sooj td wdrg cdrroctey. Sofsdr tocmfdediy ldr `oinffors Dl cdurso wo hesd mhvo tmo pdssn`nenty dl cdjjufnchtnfi nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf. Rmo @eyfg hpp ns bosnifob fdt aust ldr cdftrdeenfi pnocos dl mhrbwhro, `ut hesd td moep vnsuhenzo nfcdjnfi johsurob bhth. Sd, stdp tmo @eyfg hpp hihnf hfb rojdvo tmo tmroo senbors `y thppnfi df tmoj nf turf hfb soeoctnfi ”Boeoto„. ”Boeoto„. Popehco tmoj nf tmo cdftrde wnfbdw `y h irhpm oeojoft, wmdso cdfiurhtndf jofu hppohrs hs smdwf nf Lniuro 9. Nf tmo fdrjhe chso tmo rhto dl bhth hcqunsntndf wdueb `o enjntob nf tmo Hrbunfd cdbo `y nfcdrpdrhtnfi h chee td tmo boehy() lufctndf. Rmo ldeedwnfi cdbo sfnppot eddgs mnimey pehusn`eo ht eohst nf tmodry1 vdnb eddp() { ...
Lniuro <. Rmo trhffic enimt ncdf heedws ydu td cdffoct td hfy sorvor ydu whft.
Lniuro 9. Rmo upbhto rhto hs woee hs jnfnjuj hfb jhxnjuj vheuos chf `o spocnob.
boehy(8;;;)7 dtmorTedfiTdporhtndf()7 ...
@eyfg.ruf()7 } Hbvortnsojoft
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Hbb _S@ td ydur foxt prdaoct. pr daoct. Nt's ohsnor tmhf ydu jnimt tmnfg!
Rmo Ohsnost Yhy td Bosnif Custdj
Lrdft [hfoes & Ofcedsuros
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Fd nf-boptm gfdweobio dl _S@ roqunrob Sthfbhrb 8=-pnf BN[ nftorlhco7 ;.
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Cdst olloctnvo prdtdtypos hfb prdbuctndf rufs wntm fd sotup cmhrios [dwbor-cdhtob hfb hfdbnzob lnfnsmos nf vhrndus cdedrs Soeoct lrdj heujnfuj, hcryenc dr prdvnbo ydur dwf jhtornhe Sthfbhrb eohb tnjo nf ? bhys dr oxpross jhfulhcturnfi nf 3 dr 8 bhys
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Sofb o-jhnes usnfi hf Hrbunfd
df tmo sotup() hfb eddp() lufctndfs. SnjpeoRnjor porndbncheey chees h jotmdb cheeob sofbEnimtNftof(), wmncm wo just njpeojoft dursoevos1 soo tmo enstnfi. Nf tmht lufctndf tmo chee td vnrtuheYrnto() ns usob td sofb tmo bhth prdbucob `y tmo hfhediPohb() lufctndf td tmo sjhrtpmdfo hpp. Rmo rowhrb ldr hee tmns odrt ns smdwf nf Lniuro =.
Lniuro =. @eyfg chf smdw tmo trofb dl rohbnfis lrdj h sofsdr.
_fldrtufhtoey nf prhctnco tmns hpprdhcm chusos tmo fotwdrg cdffoctndf td brdp (hjdfi dtmor prd`eojs)1 tmo rohsdf ns tmht tmo boehy() lufctndf puts tmo Hrbunfd nftd h boop seoop jdbo, nf wmncm nt chf fd edfior jhnfthnf tmo cdffoctndf td tmo @eyfg sorvor. Hf hetorfhtnvo hpprdhcm ns td uso tmo SnjpeoRnjor en`rhry, wmncm chf `o bdwfedhbob lrdj W
NBO hfb tmof oftor tmo cdbo nf Enstnfi 3. SnjpeoRnjor ns cdfcoptuheey snjnehr td @eyfg1 tmns en`rhry ns hesd h ”phrhsnto„
Bhth df tmo Nftorfot Hfdtmor nftorostnfi lohturo dl @eyfg ns tmht tmo Hrbunfd chf fdw thgo hbvhfthio dl tmo sjhrtpmdfo td wmncm nt ns cdffoctob td sofb hee gnfbs dl bnoroft josshios. Sd, ldr oxhjpeo, h sgotcm chf ro d hf o-jhne dr sofb h twoot usnfi h snjpeo chee td tmo hpprdprnhto jotmdb, hedfi tmo enfos dl tmo ldeedwnfi oxhjpeo. @eyfg.twoot(―Moy, @eyfgors! Jy @eyfg.twoot(―Moy, Hrbunfd chf twoot fdw!‚)7 @eyfg.ojhne(―jyTojhneKoxhjpeo.cdj‚, @eyfg.ojhne(―jyTojhneKox hjpeo.cdj‚, ―Su`aoct‚, ―^dur josshio idos moro‚)7
Ymd phys ldr nt hee4 Rmo prdaoct ns lufbob `y Gncgsthrtor hfb ht tmo jdjoft ns cdjpeotoey lroo td uso. _so dl tmo @eyfg sorvor smdueb rojhnf lroo nf tmo luturo1 hltor hee tmo sdurco cdbo ns lrooey hvhneh`eo hfb sd nl pusm chjo td smdvo ydu cdueb cdjpneo nt ydursoel.
Luturo rovofuo wnee `o ioforhtob lrdj tmo sheo dl wnbiots ldr tmo Hfbrdnb hpp (wntm prncos lrdj _S$ ? td _S$ 0;). Cdfceusndf Nl jnfnjhe ehtofcy ns njpdrthft nf ydur hppenchtndf ydu hro ufengoey td mhvo jucm ady wntm tmo @eyfg @eyfg lrhjowdr lrhjowdrg, g, ovof ovof nl ydu ruf ydur dwf sorvor. Rmo en`rhry smdws nts rohe strofitms wmof hf hppenchtndf just `o `unet wntm hf h`sdeuto jnfnjuj dl odrt1 h iddb oxhjpeo dl h sntuhtndf engo tmns ns `unebnfi prdtdtypos. (8?;8>=)
Yo` Enfgs W8Z www.`eyfg.cc/ W0Z mttps1//intmu`.cdj/`eyfggg/ `eyfg-en`rhry W3 www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;8>= W2Z mttps1//intmu`.cdj/`eyfggg/`eyfg-en`rhry/`ed`/jhstor/oxtrhs/bdcs/Njpeojoftnfi.jb W?Z mttps1//intmu`.cdj/`eyfggg/ `eyfg-sorvor W
Enstnfi 3. Bhth hcqunsntndf. #nfceubo 5SnjpeoRnjo 5SnjpeoRnjor.m6 r.m6
tnjor.sotNftorvhe(8;;;E, tnjor.sotNft orvhe(8;;;E, sofbEnimtNft sofbEnimtNftof)7 of)7 }
#bolnfo @E^FGT[PNFR Sornhe #nfceubo [email protected] #nfceubo 5@eyfgSnjpeo^uf.m6 cmhr hutmWZ : ">0`=<;2l8lh ">0`=<;2l8lh<29<2=;cc`8`l <29<2=;cc`8`lh3oc>?h0"7 h3oc>?h0"7
vdnb eddp() { @eyfg.ruf()7 tnjor.ruf()7 }
SnjpeoRnjor tnjor7 vdnb sotup() { Sornhe.`oinf(><;;)7 @eyfg.`oinf(hutm)7
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vdnb sofbEnimtNfto sofbEnimtNftof() f() { @eyfg.vnrtuheYrnto(\;, @eyfg.vnrtuh eYrnto(\;, hfhediPohb(H hfhediPohb(H;))7 ;))7 }
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Shturh`eo Pohctdrs [ocuenhr [hrts, tmo sornos @y Fone Iruofbnfi (Chfhbh)
N„vo thegob h`dut deb Rogtrdfnx dscneedscdpos h low tnjos nf provndus nfstheejofts. Dfo dl tmo rohsdfs ldr bdnfi sd ns tmht Rogtrdfnx prdvnbob jhrvoedus bdcujofthtndf wmncm usuheey nfceubob scmojhtncs hfb h tmodry dl dporhtndf. Hfb wmht„s roheey cdde ns tmht sdjotnjos N ruf nftd sdjotmnfi N„vo fovor soof `oldro, engo tmo scmojhtnc nf Lniuro 8 roprnftob moro lrdj tmo jhfuhe prdbucob ldr tmo jhssnvo Rogtrdfnx ??? dscneedscdpo. Jnfb ydu, tmht R9<; ns aust tmo <.3-\ ehjoft trhfsldrjor nf tmo nfstrujoft. Nt eddgs engo h roiuehr trhfsldrjor pdwor suppey oxcopt tmht tmoro„s hf oxtrh nfbuctnvo oeojoft cheeob h shturh`eo rohctdr brhwf nf dfo dl tmo pdwor cdffoctndfs. Rmo hctnvo cdftrde cnrcuntry cdffoctob td nt whs ovof jdro L niur o 8. Sc mojht nc dl l t t mo r oiueht ob <.3 -\ \ m moht or r ssuppey nf h R og t `hflnfi td jo sd N mhb td t mo pr njhr y s y snbo dl l R R 9 t r 9< ; w nt m t mo moep rd fnx x ? ??? dsc needsc dpo d l s l s h W 8Z. P oiueht ndf ns t e n u j r h n t ` o eo r ohc t b b n d b t o, nt s ehjoft d r E r E iuro dut wmht whs idnfi 9 o oc t > > ; h t ob ht f b s t nns `ot w djo c dft r wo of pnfs 0 hfb rd e oeoc t t r rd fnc s. \ 9 9 . 9 > > > > n s h t o j p o df nf tmo cnrcunt. r ht ur o Ymof ydu uso h fdrjhe trhfsldrjor tmo nfbucthfco bdosf„t cmhfio jucm hfb tmo nfcrohsnfi tmo hvhneh`eo edhb curroft. dutput vdethio foobs td `o h `nt mnimor Nt„s hewhys h iddb nboh td dporhto h shtedscdpo jnimt `o h entteo tduim hfb tmhf roqunrob sd tmht ydu chf hbb h roiurh`eo rohctdr nf shturhtndf td robuco bnsjdborf sojncdfbuctdr tocmfdediy engo uehtdr td iot tmo vdethio ydu roheey foob. tdrtndf nf tmo dutput snifhe. SCPs hfb tmyrnstdrs mhvo ropehcob shtuRmht oxtrh mohbrddj ns hesd focosshry Dur Rogtrdfnx Rogtrdfnx oxhjpeo ns usnfi h tmorjhe rh`eo rohctdrs nf jhfy hppenchtndfs. @ut `ochuso tmo dutput vdethio wnee vhry h `nt roehy \9>> td shjpeo tmo trhfsldrjor nl ydu eddg mhrb ofduim ydu wnee fb tmht bopofbnfi df tmo dutput edhb. Hfdtmor dutput vdethio wmncm tmof iots hjpenob tmoy hro stnee `onfi jhbo ldr cdftrdeenfi rueo ns tmht ydu fovor whft td shturhto td cdftrde tmo trhfsldrjor prnjhry vdetehrio bnfficuet HC edhbs. ^du chf hesd fb tmo trhfsldrjor `ochuso `ochu so tmht„s tmo jhxhio. Bdnfi nt tmns why johfs tmht hee dl tmoj `onfi cheeob jhifotnc hjpenors ldr njuj hjduft dl jhifotnc ffux tmht tmo tmo suppenos hro roiuehtob tdiotmor hfb sjhee snifhes. Ontmor why tmoy suro hro trhfsldrjor chf ioforhto. Id `oydfb tmht bdf„t mhvo td bnssnphto hs jucm moht. @ut nftorostnfi! (8?;?<9) hfb dutput vdethio wnee brdp. nl ydu eddg cedsoey ht tmo scmojhtnc ydu H shturh`eo rohctdr dr trhfsldrjor mhs hf chf soo tmht tmoro„s tmoro„s hctuheey twd cdftrde Yo` Enfg oxtrh cdftrde wnfbnfi tmht ns usob td shtucdnes `onfi usob. Rmht„s `ochuso ohcm cdne W8Z mttp1//w82;.cdj/togwngn/njhios/b/ rhto tmo trhfsldrjor cdro. Hppeynfi h BC hcts engo h mhel whvo roctnor buo td tmo b
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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OHIEO Rnps & Rrucs (3) Ohieo [rdirhjs `y Oxhjpeo @y Fone Iruofbnfi (Chfhbh)
Nf tmns tmnrb hfb cedsnfi nfstheejoft wo bohe wntm custdj @DJ dutput iddbnos. Fdw tmht wo„vo eohrfob h`dut Ohieo usor ehfiuhio prdirhjs nt„s tnjo td iot dur mhfbs bnrty `y jdbnlynfi tmo @DJ scrnpt td dutput h custdj ldrjht. Eot„s chee nt tmo Oeogtdr @DJ ldrjht hfb nt wnee eddg engo Enstnfi 8. P8 : 0.0
Hee dl tmo rolorofco bosnifhtdrs wnee `o irdupob tdiotmor hfb wnee `o sophrhtob `y cdjjhs wmof prnftob. Hf oquhe snif wnee `o foxt ldeedwob `y tmo cdjpdfoft oebs sophrhtob `y cdjjhs. Sd eot„s sthrt!
Hbbnfi tmo Oeogtdr enst typo `uttdf td tmo bnhedi `dx Rmo rst tmnfi wo wnee bd ns hbb hf Oeogtdr dptndf td tmo dutput ldrjht pdrtndf dl tmo bnhedi `dx engo nf Enstnfi 0. beiIrdup(tr ("Enst typo")) { beiPhbnd@uttdf(tr ("&[hrts"), EnstRypo) Ioforhto[hrtEnst ()7 beiPhbnd@uttdf(tr ("&\heuos"), EnstRypo) Ioforhto\heuoEnst ()7 beiPhbnd@uttdf(tr ("&Oeogtdr"), EnstRypo) IoforhtoOeogtdrEnst ()7 beiCmocg@dx(tr ("Enst &httrn`utos"), _soHttrn`utos) { nl (!_soHttrn`utos) { Fuj[hrts : ;7 } Cdeeoct[hrtBhth(Curroft\hrnhft)7
IoforhtoEnst()7 } }
Moro N„vo jdbnob tmo @DJ _E[ bnhedi `dx sotup cdbo td hbb h rhbnd `uttdf cheeob Oeogtdr td tmo Dutput ldrjht irdup. H rhbnd `uttdf ns h sjhee cnrceo cnrce o tmht cmhfios sthto wmof ydu cencg df nt. Ymof ydu put juetnpeo rhbnd `uttdfs nftd h irdup engo nf Enstnfi 0 Ohieo wnee jhgo suro tmht dfo hfb dfey dfo rhbnd `uttdf nf tmo irdup ns hctnvo ht h tnjo. Rmo rst beiPhbnd@uttdf phrhjotor ns tmo toxt td bnspehy foxt td tmo `uttdf. Nl tmo toxt cdfthnfs hf hjporshfb (&) tmof tmo foxt cmhrhctor wntm wnee `o smdwf wntm hf ufborscdro hfb tmo usor jhy soeoct tmht rhbnd `uttdf `y usnfi tmo Het goy hfb tmo ufborscdrob cmhrhctor. cmhrhctor. Rmo socdfb phrhjotor ns hf nftoior tmht stdros wmncm rhbnd `uttdf ns curroftey soeoctob. Nl tmoro„s h sthtojoft hltor tmht tmof nt„s
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Lniuro 8. _pbhtob @DJ rhbnd `uttdfs.
oxocutob wmof tmht `uttdf ns soeoctob, `ut tmns ns dptndfhe. Nf dur chso tmo rhbnd `uttdf wnee mhvo tmo toxt ―Oeogtdr‚ hfb tmo soeoctob rhbnd `uttdf wnee `o stdrob nf tmo ied`he vhrnh`eo EnstRypo. EnstRypo wnee `o ; nl tmo [hrts enst typo `uttdf ns soeoctob hfb wnee `o 0 nl tmo Oeogtdr typo ns soeoctob. Ymof tmo Oeogtdr `uttdf ns soeoctob, tmo lufctndf IoforhtoOeogtdrEnst wnee `o oxocutob td upbhto tmo bnspehyob toxt wmncm wo wnee njpeojoft ehtor. Hesd, tmo ―Enst httrn`utos‚ beiCmocg@dx d`aoct smdws mdw td uso h sthtojoft `edcg usnfi `rhcos nfstohb dl h snfieo lufctndf chee. Fdw wmof ydu ruf tmo @DJ scrnpt ydu wnee soo tmo Oeogtdr dptndf aust engo nf Lniuro 8 ovof tmduim nt bdosf„t hctuheey bd hfytmnfi yot wmof ydu cencg df tmo Oeogtdr `uttdf.
Yrntnfi IoforhtoOeogtdrEnst Rmo @DJ _E[ usos h ied`he vhrnh`eo cheeob Enfos tmht stdros ohcm enfo dl toxt nf tmo ioforhtob @DJ. Rmo Enfos bhth ns tmof usob td upbhto tmo bnspehyob toxt, vnownfi tmo dutput eo hfb shvnfi tmo @DJ td h eo. Rmht johfs tmht hee wo foob td bd ns td upbhto tmo Enfos vhrnh`eo lrdj wntmnf dur IoforhtoOeogtdrIoforhtoOeogtdrEnst() lufctndf hfb tmo @DJ _E[ wnee `o h`eo td mhfbeo ovorytmnfi oeso ldr us. Lniuro 8 smdws tmo @DJ dutput ldr tmo [hrts enst typo wmoro tmo cdjpdfofts hro irdupob tdiotmor `y typo hfb bnspehyob dfo por enfo hedfi wntm hee tmonr prdportnos. Rmht wdf„t wdrg ldr tmo Oeogtdr ldrjht `ut tmo \heuos enst typo ns vory cedso td tmo dutput wo whft `ochuso nt irdups jhtcmnfi cdjpdfofts tdiotmor df tmo shjo enfo. Rmns ns bdfo nf tmo Ioforhto\heuoEnst() lufctndf sd wo wnee uso nt hs tmo `hsns ldr tmo IoforhtoOeogtdrEnst() lufctndf hfb jdbnly nt engo nf Enstnfi 3. vdnb IoforhtoOeogtdrEnst (vdnb) { nft FujEnfos : ;7 nft Nfbox WZ7
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strnfi httrWZ, s, sTvhe7 nl (_soHttrn`utos) s : stradnf(Httrn`utosEn st, ',')7 EnfosWFujEnfosZ : tr ("[hrts : \heuo, Boscrnptndf, Bovnco, [hcghio")7 nl (s !: "") EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: ", " + s7 FujEnfos++7 sdrt (Fuj[hrts, Nfbox, [hrt\heuo, [hrtBovnco, [hrt[hcghio, [hrtHttrn`utos, [hrtFhjo, [hrtMohbenfo)7
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// hbb phrt lnoebs hfb sgnp ojpty dfos EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: " : "7 nft lnoebCduft : ;7 nl ([hrt\heuoWn8Z !: "") {
strspent (httr, [hrtHttrn`utosWn8Z , Sophrhtdr)7 nl (_soHttrn`utos) s : stradnf(httr, ',')7 sTvhe : httrWn8Z7 nl (f0 5 Fuj[hrts)
EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: [hrt\heuoWn8Z7 lnoebCduft++7
nft n0 : Nfbox Wf0Z7 strspent (httr, [hrtHttrn`utosWn0Z, Sophrhtdr)7
} // tmns nl sthtojoft ns ropohtob ldr ohcm lnoeb
nl ([hrt\heuoWn8Z :: [hrt\heuoWn0Z && [hrtBovncoWn8Z :: [hrtBovncoWn0Z &&
nl ([hrtMohbenfoWn8Z !: "") { nl (lnoebCduft 6 ;)
[hrtHttrn`utosWn8Z :: [hrtHttrn`utosWn0Z) cdftnfuo7
{ EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: ", "7
} EnfosWFujEnfosZ : ""7 ldr (77)
} EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: [hrtMohbenfoWn8Z7
{ EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: [hrtFhjoWn8Z7 nl (++f8 5 f0) { n8 : Nfbox Wf8Z7 EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: ", "7 }
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Mohbenfo), tmo phrt en`rhry fhjo ([hrtBovnco), tmo phrt [C@ lddtprnft ([hrt[hcghio) hfb tmof hfy oxtrh cdjpdfoft httrn`utos (crohtob ohrenor `y adnfnfi tmo [hrtHttrn`utos sophrhtob `y cdjjhs nftd h strnfi). Ht tmns pdnft tmo Oeogtdr ldrjht wnee wdrg wntmnf tmo @DJ _E[ `ut nt invos tmo porcoptndf dl tdd jhfy cdjjhs nl hfy dl tmo phrt oebs hro ojpty. Rmns ns ospocnheey truo nl fd usor httrn`utos hro prosoft `ochuso ovory enfo wdueb ofb wntm h cdjjh. N xob tmht `y ropehcnfi tmo cdbo tmht hbbob tmo phrt oebs td Enfos wntm tmo cdbo nf Enstnfi 2.
ldr (nft f8 : ;, f0 : ;7 ++ f0 5: Fuj[hrts7 ) { nft n8 : Nfbox Wf8Z7
{
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oeso `rohg7 } EnfosWFujEnfosZ +: " : " + [hrt\heuoWn8Z +
lnoebCduft++7 } // tmo rost dl tmo lnoebs
Rmo fow cdbo wnee sgnp ojpty oebs hfb wnee dfey hbb cdjjhs nl jdro tmhf dfo oeb hs herohby `oof prnftob. Rmo fuj`or dl prnftob oebs ns jhnfthnfob `y oebCduft. Yntm tmdso cmhfios, wo„ro fnsmob hbbnfi tmo Oeogtdr e nst typo tmo @DJ _E[. N rhf nt df tmo oxhjpeo Hrbunfd prdaoct nfceubob wntm OHIEO hfb idt tmo dutput nf Enstnfi ?. A[8, A[0, A[3, A[2 : [NF MOHBOP, [NFMB-8]8, 8];8
", " + [hrtMohbenfoWn8Z +
C=, C88 : 8;;f, CH[HCNRDP, Ourdpohf syj`de, C-O_C;<;3,
", " + [hrtBovncoWn8Z +
C;<;3 PF8, PF? : 8;G, Hrrhy Cmnp Posnstdr, 2P-FCHR8<, CHR8<
", " + [hrt[hcghioWn8Z + ", " + s7 FujEnfos ++7 } EnfosWFujEnfosZ : ""7 }
Rmo rst phrt dl tmo lufctndf thgos hee dl tmo usor bofob httrn`uto fhjos stdrob nf Httrn`utoEnst hs hf hrrhy hfb adnfs tmoj tdiotmor nftd dfo strnfi sophrhtob `y cdjjhs. Rmoso oxtrh fhjos hro tmof hbbob td tmo rst enfo EnfoW;Z. EnfoW;Z ns spocnhe `ochuso nt bofos hee dl tmo cdeujf eh`oes ldr tmo toxt, `ut nf dur chso tmoro wnee aust `o dfo cdeujf wntm hee dl tmo bhth. Rmof hee dl tmo phrt bhth ns sdrtob sd tmht hee dl tmo cdjpdfofts hro hrrhfiob `y typo hfb nboftnche phrts hro foxt td ohcm dtmor nf tmo hrrhys. Rmo cdbo tmof eddps tmrduim hee dl tmo phrts nf tmo hrrhys `y irdupnfi hfy nboftnche phrts hfb tmof upbhtnfi tmo foxt Enfo edchtndf wntm tmo phrt nfldrjhtndf. Rmo rolorofco bosnifhtdrs ([hrtFhjo) hro hbbob rst hfb hro sophrhtob `y cdjjhs nl tmoro„s jdro tmhf dfo. Rmof hf oquhes snif ldeedwob `y tmo phrt vheuo ([hrt\heuo), tmo phrt boscrnptndf ([hrt-
^8, ^0 : 8
Cdfceusndf Rmns cdfceubos tmo sornos df mdw td wrnto OHIEO _E[ prdirhjs `y eddgnfi ht tmo OHIEO @DJ _E[ hfb tmof jdbnlynfi nt td hbb h custdj Oeogtdr ldrjht. Rmoro hro h edt dl dtmor iroht _E[ oxhjpeos nfceubob wntm Ohieo hfb `o suro td cmocg tmo dfenfo bdcujofthtndf hs woee tmo foxt tnjo ydu foob h custdj cdjjhfb. Nt jhy `o ohsnor hbb tmhf ydu tmnfg! H iddb why td eohrf OHIEO hfb nts pdworlue _E[ ns td stuby Jntcmoee Bufchf„s rolorofco `ddg ―RMO OHIEO CDJ[HFNDF‚ hvhneh`eo lrdj Oeogtdr (8?;299)
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
3?
Sd wmht gnfb dl Jhgor hro ydu4 Rmo Jhgor Jdvojoft ns nfspnrnfi tmo ydufi hfb deb hengo, tmht hfytmnfi ns pdssn`eo. ^du„vo ^du„vo hee rohb tmo probnctndfs tmht tmo foxt ―`ni tmnfi‚ mh sf„t `oof nfvoftob yot hfb tmht nt chf cdjo lrdj hfydfo. Rmht„s wmht tmo Jhgor Jdvojoft ns hee h`dut. Htjoe fdw bocehro tmht tmoy `oenovo `oenovo nf tmo pdwor dl tmo Jhgor! Rmo [rdlossndfhe ‒ ‒ ^du mhcg tmnfis td jhgo tmns wdreb h `ottor pehco. ^du wdrg 2; mdurs h woog (jdst engoey hs hf ofinfoor), `ut ydu„ro h Jhgor tmo dtmor 80= mdurs. ^du spofb why tdd jucm tnjo df Mhcghbhy hfb Mhcgstor.nd. ^du ^du edvo bhthsmoots hfb hppenchtndf fdtos! Rmo Fdvnco ‒ Fdvnco ‒ ^du jnimt `o h stuboft, rohe dr soel-prdcehnjob. ^du ^du spofb mdurs df tmo Nfstructh`eos wo`snto. ^du„ro ^du„ro eohrfnfi ydur why tmrduim h cdde nfvoftndf. ^du„ro hf oeoctrdfncs tnfgoror dr hewhys whftob td `o dfo. ^du mhvo hf H\P Jhf jhsg lrdj tmo ehtost Jhgor Lhnro. Rmo Oftroprofour ‒ ‒ ^du„ro ^du„ro h`dut td sthrt h cdjphfy wntm h fow prdaoct. Dr ydu„vo herohby crohtob tmo tmnfi tmht wnee cmhfio tmo wdreb. ^dur lhvdrnto lhvdrnto wo`sntos hro Gncgsthrtor Gncgsthrtor hfb Nfbnoidid. ^dur ^dur jdttd ns ―Lufb jo, Lufb Lufb jo, Lufb jo..peohso!‚ ^dur `ost lrnofb ns cdoo. Rmo [rdlossdr ‒ ‒ ^du tohcm stubofts mdw td uso oeoctrdfnc systojs hfb bovncos. ^du tnfgor hrdufb sd ydu chf obuchto ydur cehss df fow tocmfdedinos. ^du gfdw tmo hfswor td tmo quostndf `oldro tmo stuboft hsgs nt. ^dur lhvdrnto wo`snto ns h `ddg. ^dur dffico ns cmdcgob luee dl bov `dhrbs hfb ovhe gnts. Rmo Mhcgor ‒ ‒ ^du hro tmo typo td tohr hphrt h tdhstor aust td put nt `hcg tdiotmor, `ut tmns tnjo hs hf hehrj cedcg. ^du hewhys whft td rovorso ofinfoor tmnfis tmht herohby wdrg. ^du woro tmo jdst pmdtdirhpmob httofboo ht tmo ehst Jhgor Lhnro. ^du ^du tmnfg eh`oes hro e hjo. Cmocg dut mdw ydu cdjphro td tmo Jhgors hrdufb ydu! Smdw ovorydfo ydur lhvdrnto dr cddeost prdaocts hfb cmocg dut wmht dtmors hro bdnfi. mttp1//`edi.htjoe.cdj
(8?;999-3)
@euotddtm Edw Oforiy jdbueo wntm 2;;-jotor rhfio H @euotddtm® Edw Oforiy jdbueo sdeutndf lrdj Cypross Cypross Sojncdfbuctdr Sojncdfbuctdr Cdrp. ns cehnjob td oxtofbs tmo rhfio dl @euotddtm td 2;; jotors, n.o. onimt tnjos tmht dl curroft @euotddtm sdeutndfs. Rmo fow OQ-@EO℠ [SdC® ]R/ ]P jdbueo„s oxtofbob rhfio dpofs up tmo uso dl @euotddtm cdffoctnvnty td h `rdhb rhfio dl mdjo hutdjhtndf, nfbustrnhe hfb sjhrt cnty hppenchtndfs. Ldr oxhjpeo, nt ofh`eos h phrgnfi jotor td roconvo phyjofts vnh tmo @euotddtm cdffoctndfs df sjhrtpmdfos, wmneo hesd ropdrtnfi nf td h coftrhe mu` tmht cdvors h cnty `edcg. Rmo fow jdbueo ns hvhneh`eo nf h >.?-jj `y 82.?-jj, 30-phb lddtprnft. Nt ns tmo nfbustry„s rst wntm hf oxtofbob tojporhturo rhfio dl –2;»C td +8;?»C, ofh`enfi rd`ust dporhtndf nf dutbddr hfb nfbustrnhe ofvnrdfjofts. Hbbntndfheey, Cypross nftrdbucob h fow OQ-@EO℠ [PdC C^@EO-000;82-;8 jdbueo tmht ns tmo nfbustry„s rst td ofh`eo hee tmroo goy lohturos dl tmo @euotddtm 2.0 sthfbhrb ‒ bhth eofitm oxtofsndf, prnvhcy hfb ofmhfcob socurnty‒hee dl wmncm hro crntnche ldr Nftorfot dl Rmnfis (NdR) hppenchtndfs. Rmo jdbueo ns brdp-nf cdjphtn`eo wntm Cypross„s 80=/0?< G@ ffhsm jojdry @euotddtm 2.8 jdbueos. Cypross ns hesd bojdfstrhtnfi hf njpeojofthtndf ldr enimtnfi hppenchtndfs tmht ns cdjpenhft wntm tmo ehtost prdpdshe lrdj tmo @euotddtm Sjhrt Josm Ydrgnfi Irdup. Josm fotwdrgnfi oxtofbs tmo rhfio dl @euotddtm `y heed wnfi bovncos td sofb bhth td hfb roconvo bhth lrdj juetnpeo fonim`drnfi bovncos ‒ h crntnche chph`nenty ldr jhfy NdR hppenchtndfs. Cypross„s Cypross„s jdbueos nftoirhto hf HPJ® Cdrtox®-J; cdro, ChpSofso® chphcntnvo-sofsnfi tocmfdediy, twd crysthes, hf df-`dhrb hftoffh, jothe smnoeb hfb phssnvo cdjpdfofts. Cypross mhs snjpenob tmo @euotddtm Edw Oforiy prdtdcde sthcg hfb prdeo cdfiurhtndf nftd h fow rdyhety-lroo, rdyhety-lroo, I_N-`hsob @EO Cdjpdfoft ‒ h lroo ® oj`obbob NC roprosoftob `y hf ncdf ‒ tmht chf `o brhiiob hfb brdppob nftd bosnifs usnfi [SdC Crohtdr℠ NBO. www.cypross.cdj/`eo
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
(8?;999-8)
cdftrn`utob cdftoft
Rmo Oeogtdr@usnfoss soctndf nf Oeogtdr Jhihznfo hccdjjdbhtos hrtnceos, fows ntojs hfb dtmor cdftrn`utndfs lrdj cdjphfnos hfb nfstntutndfs hctnvo nf oeoctrdfncs. [u`enchtndf ns ht tmo bnscrotndf dl tmo Obntdr. Cdftrn`utndfs td1 fowsbosgKoeogtdr.cdj
Ahf @untnfi @untnfi
,
ydur Oeogtdr@usnfoss Obntdr
Rducm cdftrdeeors lohturo prdxnjnty botoctndf hfb ldrco sofsnfi Syfhptncs Nfcdrpdrhtob rocoftey ehufcmob h fow lhjney dl lohturo-rncm tducm cdftrdeeor sdeutndfs bosnifob spocncheey ldr tmo burh`eo roqunrojofts hfb shloty foobs dl tmo hutdjdtnvo jhrgot. Rmo fow Ceohr[h b ® hutdjdtnvo sdeutndfs nfceubo S9==3, S9==2, S9==?, hfb S9==<. Rmo S9==3/2 (=; cmhffoes) hfb S9==2/< (8;0 cmhffoes) ofh`eo tducmscroofs up td 82 nfcmos hfb hf nfbustry-eohbnfi 89 nfcmos rospoctnvoey.
M-@rnbio Gnt 0Id Nffodf„s M-@rnbio Gnt 0ID ns h rohby td uso ovheuhtndf gnt. Nts 3; x 3= jj0 `dhrb ns lueey pdpuehtob wntm hee oeoctrdfnc cdjpdfofts, hfb oqunppob wntm tmo M-@rnbio NL]>0;8 cdj`nfob wntm ]JC 88;; Jncrdcdftrdeeor Jncrdcdftrdeeor
Rmo fow Ceohr[hb S9==x lhjney dl tducm cdftrdeeors botoct prdxnjnty (mhfb cdjnfi tdwhrbs tmo bnspehy), hfb porldrj wmneo wohrnfi iedvos hfb ufbor jdnst scroof dr fior cdfbntndfs – lohturos crntnche td ovor-cmhfinfi vomncuehr cenjhto cdfbntndfs. Hbbntndfheey, tmo S9==2/=< prdbucts lohturo Syfhptncs„ CeohrLdrco℠ prossuro sofsnfi tocmfdediy, ofh`enfi vhrnh`eo ldrco td pdwor ufnquo tducmscroof lohturos spocnob `y DOJs hfb tmonr Rnor-8 suppenors. Rmo fow S9==x lhjney joots NSD 882?0 sthfbhrbs ldr hutdjdtnvo oeoctrdjhifotnc cdjphtn`nenty (OJC), Hutdjdtnvo Hutdjdtnvo Oeoctrdfnc Oeoctrdfncss Cdufcne Cdufcne (HOC-X8;;) (HOC-X8;;) spocnchtndfs spocnchtndfs ldr uso nf mhrsm mhrsm hutdjdtnvo ofvnrdfjofts, hfb hro [[H[ cdjpenhft. www.syfhptncs.cdj/hppenchtndfs/hutdjdtnvo
(8?;999-0)
`hsob df HPJ® Cdrtox®-J; C[_. Rmo gnt heedws ydu td rohenzo ydur dwf BC jdtdr cdftrde wntm hbvhfcob lohturos. Nt ns bosnifob ldr tmo cdftrde dl BC jdtdrs dr dtmor nfbuctnvo edhbs up td < H dr up td 3< \ dl suppey. Rhriot Rhriot Hppenchtndfs nfceubo1 BC jdtdr cdftrde ldr nfbustrnhe hppenchtndfs7 mdjo hfb `unebnfi hutdjhtndf7 pdwor tddes `httory jhfhiojoft7 nfbustrnhe rd`dtncs7 hfb oeoctrnc tdys. www.nffodf.cdj. Sohrcm1 M-@rnbio M-@rnbio 0Id
(8?;999-<)
Fdw smnppnfi1 F][„s F][„s XF>;0x @euotddtm SdCs hfb bov gnt Jdusor Oeoctrdfncs ns fdw stdcgnfi XF>;0x uetrh-edwpdwor @euotddtm® systojs-df-cmnps (SdCs) hfb tmo XF>;0; @euotddtm bovoedpjoft gnt lrdj F][ Sojncdfbuctdrs. XF>;0x SdCs hro mnimey nftoirhtob uetrh-edw-pdwor, mnim-porldrjhfco @euotddtm v2.; Edw Oforiy (@EO) sdeutndfs ldr @euotddtm Sjhrt hppenchtndfs sucm hs spdrts hfb tfoss wohrh`eos, mujhf nftorlhco bovncos, hfb hpp-ofh`eob sjhrt hccossdrnos. F][ XF>;0x SdCs nftoirhto h mnim-porldrjhfco 0.2-IMz rhbnd lroquofcy (PL) trhfsconvor wntm h 30-`nt HPJ® Cdrtox®-J; jncrdcdftrdeeor, 80= G@ytos dl ffhsm jojdry, hfb <2 G@ytos dl systoj jojdry, prdvnbnfi hbbntndfhe hbbntndfhe snifhe prdcossnfi hfb rddj td ruf hppenchtndfs ldr h truo snfieo-cmnp @euotddtm Sjhrt sdeutndf. Nf hbbntndf td tmo @EO rhbnd hfb jncrdcdftrdeeor, XF>;0x SdCs nfcdrpdrhto tmo @EO prdtdcde
cdftrn`utob cdftoft
sthcg hfb prdeo sdltwhro df h snfieo cmnp, prdvnbnfi h ffoxn`eo hfb ohsy-td-uso @EO SdC sdeutndf. Rmo SdCs nfceubo h ldur-cmhffoe 8;-`nt hfhedi-td-bninthe cdfvortor (HBC), twd hfhedi cdjphrhtdrs, hfb up td 38 ioforhe-purpdso nfput/dutput (I[ND) pnfs. XF>;0x SdCs dporhto lrdj h pdwor suppey rhfio dl 0.2 \ td 3.< \ hfb mhvo vory edw pdwor cdfsujptndf nf hee jdbos, ofh`enfi edfi enlotnjos nf `httory-dporhtob systojs wmneo jhnfthnfnfi oxcoeeoft PL porldrjhfco. Nf hbbntndf, ofinfoors chf uso tmo XF>;0x hs h fotwdrg prdcossdr td hbb @euotddtm Sjhrt cdffoctnvnty td hejdst hfy prdbuct `y cdffoctnfi tmo SdC td hf hppenchtndf prdcossdr vnh _HPR dr S[N. Rmo F][ XF>;0; @euotddtm bovoedpjoft gnt prdvnbos ohsy-td-hccoss `uttdfs, h pnozd `uzzor, hfb EOBs, heedwnfi ofinfoors td ovheuhto tmo df`dhrb XF>;0; SdC. Rmo bovoedpjoft `dhrb lohturos h _S@ pdrt ldr _HPR _HPR cdjjufnchtndfs, h AEnfg bo`ui nftorlhco, hfb h I[ND dr dptndfhe sofsdr `dhrb cdffoctdr ns hesd nfceubob. Rmo gnt nfceubos _S@ @euotddtm bdfieo, wmncm wdrgs wntm tmo `dhrb hs h phnr ldr ovheuhtndf hfb bo`uiinfi, hfb h _S@ ch`eo ldr pdwor hfb bhth trhfslor. www.jdusor.cdj/fow/F][-Sojncdfbuctdrs/fxp-qf>;0x/ www.jdusor.cdj/fow/F][-Sojncdfbuctdrs/fxp-qf->;0;-bovgnt/ (8?;999-?)
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
39
[mdtdcdupeor ldr PS-030C 8;; g`ps Cdjjufnchtndf Hppenchtndfs Chph`eo dl suppdrtnfi snifhe trhfslor spoobs dl up td 8;; g`ps, tmo RE[09;3 lrdj Rdsmn`h Oeoctrdfncs Ourdpo ns prnco cdjpotntnvo wntm 8 J`ps cehss NC pmdtdcdupeors hfb chf `o brnvof `y h edw nfput curroft dl aust 8 jH. Rmo fow NC lohturos h mnim curroft trhfslor rhtnd (N C / N NL ) dl >;; % (jnf.) ht hf nfput curroft dl ;.? jH. Hs tmo iuhrhftoob iuhrhftoob prdphihtndf prdphihtndf boehy boehy ns 0? �s (jhx) (jhx) ht hf hf nfput curroft curroft dl N L:8.< jH, hfb 9 �s (jhx) ht N L:80 jH, tmns prdbuct ns sunth`eo ldr nfsuehtob cdjjufnchtndf nftorlhcos sucm hs PS-030C. Rmo RE[09;3 ns mdusob nf SD
Cdjphct Curroft Sofso Rrhfsldrjors Rrhfsldrjors Cdnecrhlt„s fow CSR9;3; sornos dl surlhco jduft curroft sofso trhfsldrjors johsuro aust ?.0 ] 9.; jj (wntm h jhx. monimt dl 3.; jj) hfb sofso up td 0; hjps dl curroft ht lroquofcnos `otwoof 8; gMz hfb 8 JMz. Rypnche hppenchtndfs nfceubo edhb curroft johsurojoft hfb cdftrde nf swntcmnfi pdwor suppenos hfb dvoredhb/smdrt-cnrcunt prdtoctndf. Rmo bovncos hro hesd quhenob td HOC-X0;; Irhbo 8 (–2; »C td +80? »C) sthfbhrbs, jhgnfi tmoj nbohe ldr cdfvoftndfhe vomnceo hfb xO\ (O\, MO\, LCO\) hppenchtndfs sucm hs curroft johsurojoft nf trhctndf jdtdrs hfb `httory jhfhiojoft systojs. Rmoy hro hesd woee suntob ldr uso nf 2=-\ vomnceo systojs. Rmo CSR9;3; Sornos ns hvhneh`eo wntm vo turfs rhtnds (prnjhry-td-socdfbhry) rhfinfi lrdj 810; td 818?;. Nt dors vory edw prnjhry BC rosnsthfco (;.;;8? ℬ) hfb ?;; \rjs, dfo jnfuto nsdehtndf (mnpdt) `otwoof wnfbnfis. Cdnecrhlt hesd dors h mnim-nsdehtndf (8?;; \BC) vorsndf wntm nts C_=>-HE Sornos. Lroo ovheuhtndf shjpeos hro hvhneh`eo dfenfo.
(8?;939-<)
www.cdnecrhlt.cdj
(8?;939-=)
Buhe Oxtrubor 3B [rnftor hfb Sthfbhedfo Cdftrde _fnt Lohturnfi buhe oxtrubors, twd cdedr prnftnfi hfb tmo chph`nenty td crohto whtor-sdeu`eo 3B d`aocts, Cdfrhb @usnfoss Suppenos„ fow PL0;;; adnfs tmo snfieo-oxtrubor PL8;;; ehufcmob `hcg nf 0;83. Suppdrtnfi prdbuct, tmo 3B [rnft`dx cdftrde ufnt chf `o usob nf tmo pehco dl h [C td prdvnbo jdro cdfvofnoft jhfhiojoft dl tmo prnftor. prnftor. Cdjphrob td tmo PL8;;; tmo PL0;;; ns jhrgob `y njprdvob enimtnfi nfsnbo tmo cmhj`or ldr `ottor vnsn`nenty burnfi tmo prnftnfi prdcoss, h mohtob iehss corhjnc `hso td tmo cmhj`or wmncm prdvnbos njprdvob hbmosndf burnfi prnftnfi, hfb h ehrio, mnim-cdftrhst enqunb crysthe bnspehy (ECB) td njprdvo tmo usor nftorlhco dl tmo bovnco. Dtmor ofmhfcojofts td tmo bosnif njprdvo tmo shloty hfb cddenfi dl tmo ufnt ‒ tmoso nfceubo hf hbbntndfhe lhf hfb hf ojoriofcy stdp `uttdf. Rmo 3B [rnft`dx sorvos hs h ”peui-hfb-pehy„ cdftrde ufnt ldr tmo PL8;;; hfb PL0;;;, peus jhfy dtmor cdjphtn`eo 3B prnftors lrdj eohb-
3=
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
nfi `rhfbs sucm hs Jhgor@dt. Rmo [rnft`dx chf `o dporhtob ontmor tmrduim h edche fotwdrg dr vnh tmo lroo-td-uso ”Hstrdprnft cedub„. Rmo [rnft`dx hesd prdvnbos stdrhio ldr 3B jdboeenfi bhth hfb mnim rosdeutndf njhios. H wo`chj, hvhneh`eo hs hf dptndfhe oxtrh, heedws ldr cdfsthft jdfntdrnfi dl prossuro wmneo tmo bovnco ns dporhtndfhe. www.cdfrhb.cdj
(8?;939-?)
cdftrn`utob cdftoft
[NC Bovoedpjoft [ehtldrj ns Lroo hfb Cedub-@hsob Yntm zord bdwfedhbs, snif-nf dr sotup foobob td sthrt bosnifnfi, Jncrdcmnp„s lroo, cedub-`hsob NBO `rnfis tmo jdst pdpuehr lohturos dl tmo J[EH@® ] NBO td Nftorfot-cd ffoctob [Cs, ehptdps dr th`eots. J[EH@ ]pross nfceubos h en`rhry dl Jncrdcmnp-vhenbhtob cdbo oxhjpeos, nftorlhco td J[EH@ Cdbo Cdfiurhtdr (JCC) 3.; ldr I_N-`hsob I_N-`hsob JC_ pornpmorhe sotup hfb hutdjhtnc cdbo ioforhtndf, nftoirhtob J[EH@ ]C cdjpneors, suppdrt ldr prdirhjjor/bo`uiior mhrbwhro, hfb 8; I@ dl socuro dfenfo stdrhio wntm h jyJncrdcmnp jyJncrdcmnp hccduft. _sors chf ohsney ohsney jnirhto tmonr prdaocts td tmo luee, bdwfedhbh`eo J[EH@ ] NBO. NBO. Hbbntndfheey, Hbbntndfheey, tmo J[EH@ ]pross Cdjjufnty ofh`eos bovoedpors td smhro tmonr cdbo, bosnif nbohs hfb gfdweobio. Rmo J[EH@ ]pross Ovheuhtndf @dhrb lohturos hf nftoirhtob prdirhjjor, prdirhjjor, h [NC8
E\BS Bninthe Nsdehtdrs ldr Mhrsm Nfbustrnhe Ofvnrdfjofts Hfhedi Bovncos„ Bovncos„ HBF2
(8?;939-3)
Hfzonio
Mdusnfis ldr Phsp`orry [n, Hrbunfd hfb jhfy dtmor `hro`dhrb cdjputors • Ofcedsuro • [ehtldrj
+ 22 80?< =80=80 sheosKmhjjdfbjli.ou /8?>3MHJ.mtj
cdftrn`utob cdftoft
Rmo cmdnco ns ydurs. • Ofcedsuro ldr hee rdufb prdtoctndf • [ehtldrj ldr hee rdufb hccoss • Bosnif-spocnc vorsndfs ldr hee pdpuehr jdboes • \nsnt mhjjdfbjli.cdj ldr luee bothnes
/8?>3MHJO /8?>3M HJOII.m II.mtj tj www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
3>
Oeogtdr@usnfoss Oeogtdr@usnfoss
Oj`obbob Ydreb 0;8< Dfco hihnf tmns yohr tmo oxmn`ntndf coftro nf Furoj`uri Iorjhfy whs mdst td tmo ehriost oj`obbob tocmfdediy trhbo lhnr nf tmo wdreb. Hetdiotmor h rocdrb >3> oxmn`ntdrs woecdjob 3;.;<3 Gvnsntdrs, ohior td soo wmht whs df smdw. Nt„s fd surprnso tmht mdt tdpncs tmns yohr woro tmo NdR hfb socurnty ‒ hs wo jdvo tdwhrb h tdtheey cdffoctob wdreb nt„s vnthe tmht hfy vueforh`nentnos nf tmo systoj hro hbbrossob ht tmo dutsot.
joft pehtldrj. Jdro hfb jdro edw-cdsts oxtofsndf `dhrbs hro `ocdjnfi hvhneh`eo ldr tmo pehtldrj lrdj tmroo-pmhso `rusmeoss jdtdr cdftrde td YEHF cdffoctnvnty hfb enimt sofsdrs. Hetdiotmor tmoro ns suppdrt td ofsuro h spooby prdtdtypnfi pmhso ldr h wnbo vhrnoty dl hppenchtndfs. Hphrt lrdj tmo ovor-irdwnfi SRJ30 pehtldrj, twd fow `dhrbs (tmo Fuceod-30 ufb Fuceod-822) mhvo hesd `oof hffdufcob. @dtm dl tmoso `dhrbs (engo tmo Fuceod-<2) uso tmo SR-Enfg/\0-Bo`uiior, tmo dfey bnorofco ns tmo typo dl prdcossdr ttob. Rmo 30-[nf `dhrbs mhvo tmo shjo ehydut hs tmo Hrbunfd Fhfd sd tmoy heedw ydu td
@y \nhcmosehv Irdjdv (Iorjhfy)
[durnfi nf wntm hee tmo dtmor vnsntdrs tmrduim tmo jhnf bddrs dl tmo jhssnvo oxmn`ntndf mhee ydu chf„t moep `ut `o bhzzeob `y tmo ientzy oxmn`ntndf sthfbs dl tmo jdro lhjnenhr ehrio oeoctrdfnc cdfcorfs. \nrtuheey ovory sojncdfbuctdr jhfulhcturor mhb cmdsof tmns vofuo td smdw d tmonr ehtost prdbucts wntm hf NdR cdjjufnchtndf tmojo (YEHF, @EO, FLC hfb/dr ERO), cryptd cmnps hfb sdltwhro ofcryptndf. Ymht ldeedws ns h sjhee soeoctndf dl prdbucts tmht chuimt dur oyo tmns yohr.
Yo gncg dll wntm Htjoe wmd rocoftey hbbob tmo PNSC-`hsob HRtnfy8;0 hfb HRtnfy8;2 HRtnfy8;2 td tmonr rhfio dl =-`nt jncrdcdftrdeeors. Rmoso hro thriotob ht hppenchtndfs wmoro sphco ns ht h projnuj. Rmoy dor h roehtnvoey sjhee 8 G@ Lehsm, up td 80 I[NDs hfb h iddb rhfio dl `unet-nf pornpmorhes wntm ldur pdwor-bdwf jdbos. Bospnto tmonr snzo tmoso edw cdst cdftrdeeors hro dltof ldufb td mhvo ofduim pdwor hfb lohturos ldr uso nf h wnbo rhfio dl edw-pdwor hppenchtndfs. Ldr ovheuhtndf hfb bovoedpjoft purpdsos tmo HRtnfy8;2 ]pehnfob Fhfd `dhrb (nf Hrbunfd Fhfd ldrjht) ns hvhneh`eo ldr eoss tmhf ₥8; W8Z. Df tmo tmojo dl socurnty, Htjoe mhvo hesd nftrdbucob tmo =-eoiiob HROCC?;=H N°C cryptd cmnp wmncm chf ioforhto OCB(S) H-, SMH-, MJHC- hfb OCC goys ldr bhth ofcryptndf W0Z. Jncrdcmnp woro cmhjpndfnfi tmonr fow Cedub-`hsob J[EH@ ]pross NBO W3Z. Rmo J`ob-engo bovoedpjoft ofvnrdfjoft sni-
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fnchftey robucos tmo foob ldr edche prdcossnfi rosdurcos hfb roqunros fd sdltwhro tdde td `o nfstheeob df ydur cdjputor. Yntm ydur `rdwsor ydu mhvo hccoss td tmo jhfy oxhjpeo prdirhjs hvhneh`eo nf tmo ]pross-NBO (ovof ohsnor tmhf tmo usuhe J[EH@ ] BNO). Hltor roinstrhtndf/ edinf tmo usor ns heedchtob 8; I@ dl dfenfo jojdry sphco td stdro prdaoct eos. @y sujjor, Jncrdcmnp pehf tmht tmo oftnro rhfio dl [NC JC_s wnee `o suppdrtob `y tmns Cedub-`hsob NBO. Rmo usolue Cdbo-Ioforhtdr ns herohby nftoirhtob nftd tmo ofvnrdfjoft. Hesd hvhneh`eo ns tmo ]pross `dhrb wmncm ldr entteo jdro tmhf ₥8; roprosofts h iddb nftrdbuctndf td tmo systoj hfb mhs tmo ehtost [NC8
`uneb h vory cdjphct systoj. Rmo 822[nf `dhrbs hro hnjob ht jdro bojhfbnfi hppenchtndfs. Id td W?Z ldr hf dvorvnow dl hee tmo Fuceod ` dhrbs. Rmo Fuceod-30 cdst hrdufb ₥8; wmneo tmo Fuceod-822 ns h`dut ₥00. Lrdj F] [ wo fdtncob tmonr ehtost ”E[C?2882 Hubnd hfb \dnco Pocdifntndf Gnt„ W0 G@ SPHJ), `hsob df hf HPJ-Cdrtox J2L jhnf prdcossdr wntm huxnenhry HPJ Cdrtox-J;+ prdcossdr. prdcossdr. Nt prdvnbos ovorytmnfi focosshry nf torjs dl mhrbwhro hfb sdltwhro td bovoedp hf hewhys-df edw pdwor vdnco-trniiorob prdbuct. Rmo gnt nfceubos h bninthe jncrdpmdfo, Cdboc hfb DEOB-smnoeb wntm ovorytmnfi focosshry td prdcoss tmo sdufbs hfb brnvo nfldrjhtndf td tmo bnspehy. Df tmo tmojo dl ”NdR hfb Socurnty„ F][ woro hesd smdwchsnfi tmonr ”E[C23S<9H9;CJ Cedub Cdffoctnvnty Gnt„ W9Z. Rmo Gnt cdfthnfs tmo E[C]prossd23S<9-@dhrb wntm _S@ ch`eo, h ”Ioforhe [urpdso
Smnoeb„ wntm `dtm YEHF hfb FLC wnroeoss chph`nenty. Nfceubob wntm tmo gnt ns hccoss td tmo QoftrnDS sdltwhro hfb tmo cdrrospdfbnfi SBG hedfi wntm tmo usolue rhfio dl Qoftrn-Rddes. Hetdiotmor nt prdvnbos hee tmo focosshry tddes td bovoedp socuro NdR hppenchtndfs. Rmo socurnty lohturos hro fdt aust enjntob td sdltwhro7 tmo gnt hesd cdfthnfs tmo E[C23S<9 JC_ (0;2 JMz, J2L + J;+) hfb tmo H9;CJ socuro oeojoft. Rmo gnt soees ht hrdufb ₥>; hfb mhs jhfy lohturos usolue ldr bovoedpnfi mnim-socurnty NdR hppenchtndfs.
Cdbo prdbucob nf tmo Oforinh NBR chf `o njpdrtob nftd tmo prdlossndfhe Cdbo Cdjpdsor Stubnd (CCS dr CCS Cedub). Hphrt lrdj h fow vorsndf dl tmo [SdC-Crohtdr NBO, Cypross mhs oxphfbob nts [rdirhjjh`eo Systoj df h Cmnp ([SdC) lhjney wntm tmo nftrdbuctndf dl nts fow [SdC-2S sornos. @hsob df hf HPJ Cdrtox-J; tox-J; 30-`nt cdro, pornpmorhes chf `o hbbob td tmo systoj wntm h jduso cencg. Nf cdjphrnsdf td tmo ohrenor [SdC-2 jdboe tmoro hro jdro pornpmorhes df dor nf corthnf hrohs ospocnheey wntm roihrb td hfhedi snifhe prdcossnfi. Yntm tmoso cmnps tmo I[ND heedchtndfs chf `o bofob vnh ”Eddg _p Rh`eos„ (E_Rs) td heedw lrooey prdirhjjh`eo edinc lufctndfs. Rmo ”Chp Sofso„ tocmfdediy mhs hesd ufboridfo h corthnf eovoe dl rofojoft df tmns typo dl JC_. Iottnfi `hcg td tmo NdR tmojo, Cypross hro dornfi h ”Sdehr [dworob NdR Bovnco
Roxhs Nfstrujofts smdw cdftnfunfi suppdrt ldr tmonr (JS[23;-) Ehufcm[hbs wntm tmo nftrdbuctndf dl jdro @ddstor[hcgs, nfcrohsnfiey thriotob ht NdR hppenchtndfs. Cmocgdut W=Z, moro ydu chf fb jhfy (jdstey lroo) H[N rosdurcos hfb rjwhro td moep cdffoct Ehufcmphbs td tmo Cedub dr nftorfot. Nt bdosf„t jhttor nl
nt„s Hjhzdf-Cedub dr tmo sorvnco `y N@J ‒ cdffoctndf ns h `roozo. Rmo Roj`dd Roj`dd snto W>Z roqunros roinstrhtndf `ut mhs oxtofsnvo rosdurcos hfb fnsmob hppenchtndfs ldr tmo CC30;;-Ehufcm[hb wntm tmo nftoirhtob YEHF hfb ldr dtmor RN-Ehufcm[hbs ttob wntm tmo CC38;;-@ddstor[hcg hfb hesd ldr Hrbunfd! Lrdj tmo [hcgot-trhfsjnssndf soquofco dl ^hmdd wohtmor td Brdp`dx eos – hee chf `o mhfbeob `y h Ehufcm[hb, hee ydu foob n s hf nftorfot cdffoctndf7 edhb tmo hpprdprnhto cdbo nftd tmo (lroo) Oforinh-NBO (snjnehr td tmo Hrbunfd NBO) hfb ruf tmo prdirhj. ^du chf dl cdurso obnt hfb hbb td tmo cdbo hs roqunrob.
Gnt„ W88Z ldr hrdufb ₥?;. Rmo gnt cdfsnsts dl twd [C@s7 dfo ns tmo smhpo dl h _S@ stncg td peui nftd h cdjputor hfb tmo dtmor ns lroo-sthfbnfi, pdworob `y h sdehr coee. @dtm `dhrbs uso h [PdC @EO cmnp (@euotddtm Edw Oforiy), tmo sdehr coee-oqunppob `dhrb hesd jhgos uso dl tmo oforiy mhrvostnfi NC typo S
tmo sthfbhrb wnbo rhfio dl nftoirhtob pornpmorhes cdjjdf td tmo dtmor joj`ors dl tmo ]JC2;;; lhjney. Hs woee hs pornpmorhes sucm hs tnjors hfb HBCs tmoy suppdrt h wnbo rhfio dl nftorlhco sthfbhrbs sucm hs CHF, _S@ hfb Otmorfot. Rmo ”]JC2=;; Poehx OtmorCHR Gnt„ W80Z rothnes ht hrdufb ₥?; hfb lohturos h prdcossdr chrb ttob wntm tmo mnimor spoc ]JC2=;; wntm h jhxnjuj dl 0 J@ Lehsm, 3?0 G@ PHJ hfb = G@ Chcmo. Sthcgnfi dftd tmo prdcossdr chrb n s tmo OtmorCHR `dhrb wmncm thgos chro dl tmo pmysnche ehyor mhrbwhro. Rmo gnt cdfthnfs aust h`dut hee ydu foob td `oinf oxpornjoftnfi wntm tmo systoj hfb tost dut nts OtmorCHR chph`nenty. Pofoshs mhs oxphfbob hfb njprdvob tmonr roehtnvoey fow Syforiy 30-`nt HPJ-Cdrtox-J2/;+ lhjney dl jncrdcdftrdeeors. Bopofbnfi df tmo jdboe, tmoy chf `o cedcgob up td 02; JMz hfb mhs h jucm jdro oxtofsnvo rhfio dl `unet-nf pornpmorhes cdjphrob td tmo PE9= lhjney dl bovncos. Rmoy nfcdrpdrhto h `rdhb rhfio dl sthfbhrb nftorlhcos sucm hs _S@ 0.;, Otmorfot, tducm lufctndfs hfb irhpmnc-ECB cdftrde. Fow tddes sucm hs tmo cdbo ioforhtdr nftoirhtob nftd tmo o°stubnd ofvnrdfjoft, jhgo nt h roehtnvoey snjpeo ad` td `oinf usnfi tmo systoj hfb iot td gfdw tmo wmdeo lhjney dl jncrdcdftrdeeors. Rmo Syforiy iheeory W83Z mhs jhfy lroo en`rhrnos hfb moeplue
Nffodf woro ceohrey prdub dl tmo twd fow hbbntndfs td tmonr HPJ Cdrtox-J ]JC JC_ lhjney. Rmo sthfb dut lohturo dl tmo ]JC2=;; hfb ]JC23;; (hvhneh`eo nf sovorhe vorsndfs) ns tmonr `unet-nf suppdrt ldr OtmorCHR (wntm Sehvo-NCs). Sehvo-NCs). Rmns ns h pdpuehr nfbustrnhe nftorlhco sthfbhrb hfb dors h roehtnvoey mnim bhth trhfslor rhto. Nf hbbntndf td tmo nftorlhco suppdrt, tmo twd fow Cdrtox J2L-`hsob 822 JMz jncrdcdftrdeeors hesd lohturo hejdst hee
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Oeogtdr@usnfoss oxhjpeo rdutnfos. Rmo SG-S9I0 sthrtor gnt prdvnbos h iddb nftrdbuctndf td tmo Syforiy wdreb ldr ₥92 W82Z. Rmo gnt nfceubos jhfy pornpmorhe bovncos hfb cdjos wntm oxtofsnvo bdcujofthtndf. Rmo PE9=/I8B edw pdwor @euotddtm Sjhrt nftoeenioft wnroeoss JC_ nfceubos hf Df-`dhrb-C[_ (30 JMz, 0?< G@ Lehsm, 0; G@ SPHJ hfb = G@ Bhth Lehsm) nfcdrpdrhtnfi ”PL hbhpth`eo tocmfdediy„, prdvnbnfi h trhbo d `otwoof curroft cdfsujptndf hfb cdjjufnchtndf rhfio td hcmnovo dptnjuj pdwor ushio W8?Z. Snencdf Eh`s mhs oxphfbob tmo rhfio dl wnroeoss NCs wntm tmonr @euo Iocgd @IJ888 W8
Ldr jdst hppenchtndfs tmo jdbueos wnee fdt roqunro hfy hbbntndfhe jncrdcdftrdeeor. Rmo jdbueos chf `o cdfiurob ldr edw pdwor dporhtndf hfb h rjwhro upirhbo td tmo @IJ888 jdbueo jhgos nt sunth`eo ldr @EO 2.0 dporhtndf. Sthrtor gnts hro hvhneh`eo ldr `dtm jdbueos.
Nf hf odrt td ofcdurhio wnbor hbdptndf dl tmo O\O-Rducm-ECB lhjney dl bnspehy brnvors `y `dtm nfbnvnbuhes hfb ldr sjhee-scheo prdbuctndf hppenchtndfs tmo _S@ spocnhensts LRBN sot dut td crdwblufb bovoedpjoft dl tmonr CeoD hfb ForD pehtldrjs. Rmo chjphnif whs succosslue hfb tmo rst prdtdtypos hro herohby up hfb ruffnfi. Rmo CeoD3? ns h bnspehy [C@ lohturnfi h 3.? nfcm-M\IH-RLR nfcm-M\IH-RLR tducm bnspehy (30; x 2=; [nxoe), h JncrdSB sedt hfb cdffoctdrs ldr hf dptndfhe chjorh, jncrdpmdfo hfb edubspohgor. Rmo `dhrb mhs tmo ehydut dl hf Hrbunfd smnoeb wmncm bospnto tmo df-`dhrb 30-`nt LR>;3 JC_ hfb O\O=8; vnbod ofinfo, tducm hfb hubnd cdftrdeeor, roqunros cdftrde `y hf oxtorfhe systoj. Rmo df-`dhrb NC„s thgo chro dl hee tmo edche mnim-spoob cdjpeox stu sd nt chf `o usob tdiotmor wntm h roehtnvoey edw-pdworob edw-pdworob Hrbunfd `dhrb sucm hs h _fd. Ldr uso wntm h sthfbhrb _fd,
rdws dl mohbor pnfs foob td `o sdeborob td tmo _fd ufborsnbo td peui nf tmo CeoD. Rmo ForD `dhrb ns h lueey cdjphtn`eo Hrbunfd _fd cedfo `ut wntm h su`sthftnheey `oolob-up hfb jdro officnoft df-`dhrb swntcmnfi roiuehtdr h`eo td suppey jdro tmhf 8 H. Rmo edfi-pnf vorsndf dl ForD heedws tmo CeoD td `o fohtey htthcmob td nts ufborsnbo wntmdut hfy hbbntndfhe sdebornfi, eohvnfi tmo cdjpdfoft-snbo mohbors lroo td htthcm lurtmor smnoebs. [rdirhjjnfi thgos pehco usnfi tmo fdrjhe Hrbunfd-NBO, tdiotmor wntm tmo nfceubob CeoD en`rhry. _snfi tmo en`rhry lufctndfs nt„s ohsy, wntmdut hfy prndr oxpornofco, td bnspehy irhpmncs dr pmdtds lrdj hf SB chrb hfb uso tmo tducm lohturos. Rmo chrbs wnee id nftd prdbuctndf `y tmo jnbbeo dl tmo yohr nl sufficnoft custdjor nftorost ns ioforhtob W8=Z. Rmo CeoD hfb ForD `dhrbs tdiotmor wnee rothne ht $<3.
Yo` Enfgs
W8Z www.htjoe.cdj/tddes/httnfy8;2www.htjoe.cdj/tddes/httnfy8;2-xfhfd.hspx xfhfd.hspx W0Z www.htjoe.cdj/bovncos/H www.htjoe.cdj/bovncos/HROCC?;=H.hspx ROCC?;=H.hspx W3Z www.jncrdcmnp.cdj/jpeh`/jpeh`www.jncrdcmnp.cdj/jpeh`/jpeh`-xpross xpross W2Z mttp1//ww8.jncrdcmnp.cdj/bdwfedhbs/of/BovncoBdc/J[EH@%0;]pross.pbl W?Z www.st.cdj/wo`/chthedi/tddes/LJ88?>/SS8?30/EF8=29 W;4tnb:vhfDJ83;>; W9Z www.fxp.cdj/prdbucts/nboftnchtndf-hfb-socurnty/hutmoftnchtndf/epc23s<9-h9;cj-cedub-cdffoctnvnty-gnt1DJ83;=< W=Z www.tn.cdj/ww/of/snjpeoenfgToj`obbobTwn-/ocdsystoj.mtje W>Z www.toj`dd.cdj/en`rhry/ W8;Z www.cypross.cdj/prdbucts/30-`nt-hrj-cdrtox www.cypross.cdj/prdbucts/30-`nt-hrj-cdrtox-j;-psdc-2 -j;-psdc-2 W88Z www.cypross.cdj/bdcujofthtndf/bovo www.cypross.cdj/bdcujofthtndf/bovoedpjoft-gnts`dhrbs/s
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eogtdr [C@ Sorvnco dorob nf cdeeh`drhtndf wntm
Ioforhto ydur dwf [C@ usnfi tmo Oeogtdr [C@ Sorvnco Sor vnco Hdrbh`eo
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Poenh`eo
Rmo Oeogtdr [C@ Sorvnco ns tmo jdst oxtofsnvo lue ey custdjnzob sorvnco ldr prnftob cnrcunt `dhrb prdbuctndf nf Ourdpo. Yntm cdfvofnoft dfenfo tddes heedwnfi ydu td vnsuhenzo hfb hfheyzo ydur bosnif `oldro ydu ydu drbor hfb phy . • Ldr `oinffors, `oinffors, tmoro tmoro ns tmo FHGOB-[rdtdtypo Sorvnco1 Sorvnco 1 Rmns prdbucos snfieo hfb bdu`eo-snbob [C@s wntmdut sdebor jhsgs. • Ldr h jdro hbvhfcob sorvnco, tmoro ns tmo [C@ \nsuhenzor tmht \nsuhenzor tmht smdws ydu mdw ydur [C@ wnee eddg hltor prdbuctndf, wntm h [C@ Cmocgor porldrjnfi Cmocgor porldrjnfi h BPC ldr ydu hfb tmo [C@ Cdfiurhtdr tmht Cdfiurhtdr tmht eots ydu custdjnzo ydur drbor bothnes. Sjhrt jofus hfb soeoct dptndfs iunbo ydu tmrduim tmo drbornfi prdcoss. ^du ^du chf soo nf hbvhfco oxhctey wmht dur jhcmnfos chf prdbuco sd tmoro wdf„t `o hfy surprnsos!
Sd sthrt ydur foxt prdaoct moro1
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Oeogtdr@usnfoss Lohturo Hrtnceo
Rmo Leht Bnstrn`utob Cedub (LBC) ?I Hrcmntocturo Povdeutndf @y Rmo Nfstntuto ldr Cdjjufnchtndf Sorvncos, Sorvncos, ?I Nffdvhtndf Coftro, Coftro, 8 _fnvorsnty Dl Surroy, _G
Nf drbor td suppdrt ?I, tmo ?INC prdpdsos h bnsruptnvo, rovdeutndfhry hrcmntocturo tmht„s ffht, cedub `hsob `ut bnstrn`utob. Nf tmo Leht Bnstrn`utob Cedub Fotwdrg hrcmntocturo hee fdbos hro `dtm sorvnco hfb cdjjufnchtndfs ofh`eob wntm sunth`eo prdcossnfi hfb stdrhio.
Rmo fotwdrg ns hrrhfiob nf byfhjnc vnrtuhe Coee Ceustors tmht hro nf turf dvorehnb dftd Mhrbwhro Ceustors tmht hro edchtob ht goy Bhthcoftors dl vhrndus snzos hccdrbnfi td edchtndf typo hfb hvhneh`eo trhfsjnssndf suppdrt. Rmo hrcmntocturo ns vory cedso td tmht dl tmo C_[S (Cdftrde hfb _sor [ehfo Sophrhtndf) hrcmntocturo ovdevob lrdj ERO (Edfi Rorj Ovdeutndf7 Lniuro 8), 8), `ut tmo Cdftrde [ehfo fdbos hro jhppob bnroctey td JHCPD/_j`roeeh coees hs h snfieo lufctndf por ceustor dl coees cheeob tmo Ceustor Cdftrdeeor (CC) hfb tmo usor pehfo fdbos hro jhppob td Sjhee Coees hs _sor pehfo lufctndfs l ufctndfs cheeob Ceustor Joj`or lufctndfs wmnest tmo usor dporhtos buhe cdffoctnvnty td `dtm tmo Cdftrde-[ehfo hssdcnhtob Jhcrd-Coee systoj por Ceustor hfb tmo jdst hpprdprnhto _sor [ehfo Coee wntmnf tmo coee-ceustor. Sd tmo LBC hpprdhcm cdj`nfos Buhe cdffoctnvnty lrdj 3I[[ Poe-80, C_[S lrdj Poe-82 hfb hbbs Cdftoxt hwhrofoss hfb ceustornfi td tmo hrcmntocturo hpprdhcm. Nt smdueb `o fdtob tmht tmoro hro cnrcujsthfcos wmoro tmo CC hesd prdvnbos edche CJ lufctndfhenty o.i. nf tmo chso wmoro nt suppdrts h jd`neo trhvoeenfi ht mnim spoobs hfb h usor pehfo lufctndf ht tmo Jhcrd-_j`roeeh eovoe ns jdro hppench`eo td suppdrt tmns spocnc usor cdftoxt t ypo. Rmo torj ―lufctndf‚ ns usob df purpdso hs tmoso lufctndfs hro nftofbob td `o njpeojoftob hs sdlt oftntnos dvor hf SBF/FL\ njpeojoftob sot dl oqunpjoft hcrdss vhrndusey snzob bhthcoftors nf drbor tmht tmo ceustor jhy `o ro-drihfnzob dvor tnjo hccdrbnfi td sorvnco ovdeutndf roqunrojofts, fotwdrg sencnfi cdfiurhtndf hfb bojhfb edhb. Po-cdfiurhtndf dl tmns fotwdrg hrcmntocturo ns ofvnshiob wntm h sunth`ey fhjob Hutdjhtnc Ceustor Drihfnzhtndf (HCD) heidrntmj. Rmo hrcmntocturo ns ofvnshiob hs `onfi njpeojoftob hcrdss h cedub `hsob hrcmntocturo `ut ufengo tmo muio coftrhenzob cedubs tmht tmo engos dl Iddieo, Hppeo, Hjhzdf hfb Jncrdsdlt dporhto tmht hro bnstrn`utob pmysncheey hccdrbnfi td usob stdrhio bojhfbs, tmo LBC hrcmntocturo ns bnstrn`utob hccdrbnfi td jd`neo bojhfbs. Rmo LBC hesd oj`rhcos tmo JOC (jd`neo obio cdjputnfi) nfntnhtnvo lrdj ORSN wmncm hbbs mhrbwhro h fb sdltwhro rosdurcos
td ofh`eo chcmnfi ontmor ht tmo obio dl tmo fotwdrg dr pdnft dl hiiroihtndf hcrdss h fuj`or dl coees nf drbor td prdvnbo cdjputnfi hfb stdrhio ofmhfcojoft td tmo jd`neo lufctndfs. Nf hf FL\/SBF (fotwdrg (fotwdrg lufctndfs vnrtuhenzhtndf / sdltwhro-bofob fotwdrgnfi) ffht bnstrn`utob cedub scofhrnd tmns johfs tmht tmo CC, CJ lufctndfs wmof prdvnbnfi usor pehfo sorvnco dporhto edche chcmnfi hfb hppenchtndf prdcossnfi chph`nentnos. @hsob df tmo hrcmntocturo smdwf nf Lniuro 0 tmo 0 tmo LBC dporhtos hs ldeedws1 h usor bovnco cdffocts td h Ceustor, Ceustor, uj`roeeh Coee, wmncm suppdrts h Ceustor Cdftrdeeor (CC) hfb bnroctey cdffocts td nt td sotup tmo fotwdrg„s cdjjufnchtndfs cdffoctndf snifhenfi usnfi h cdftofbob irdup cdffoctndf systoj. systoj. Dfco tmo bovnco mhs h Cdftrde [ehfo cdjjufnchtndfs cdffoctndf td tmo ceustor ht tmo Ceustor Cdftrdeeor nt osth`ensmos h irdup FHS (Fotwdrg Hccoss Strhtuj) cdffoctndf td tmo Ceustor ht tmo Ceustor Cdftrdeeor vnrtuhe fdbo. Rmo usor ns tmof sotup h bolhuet _[ `ohror hccdrbnfi td tmonr Bovnco/ usor prdeo hfb jd`nenty (o.i. cdffoct td uj`roeeh nb dporhtnfi wntm mnim jd`nenty) `y cdffoctnfi td tmo jdst hpprdprnhto CJ, usor pehfo fdbo l ufctndfhenty. ufctndfhenty. Snifnchft uso dl h usor prdeo ns jhbo td dptnjnzo bolhuet `ohror sotup hs h bnhediuo `otwoof tmo _sor hfb Fotwdrg. Rmo Ceustor Joj`or (CJ) fdbo prdvnbos _[ cdftrde sophrhtoe y td tmo Ceustor Cdftrdeeor lufctndfhenty. Hs tmns fotwdrg ns cdftoxt-hwhro, ldr lhst jdvnfi jd`neos, cdffoctndf td tmo Ceustor Cdftrdeeor ntsoel ns pdssn`eo nf tmo _[ ldr tmns typo dl usor cdftoxt. Nftrh-ceustor cdjjufnchtndfs cdffoctndfs jhy `o cdffoctob dr ”[hrgob„ td jnfnjnzo cdffoctndf dvormohb hfb tmof roedhbob ldr _[ sorvnco. Mdwovor tmo snifhenfi cdffoctndf hfb `ohror cdffoctndf hro jhfhiob nfbopofboftey wntm edche fotwdrg snifhenfi `otwoof ohcm nfsthfco td jnfnjnzo dvor-tmo-hnr ushio. Rmo hrcmntocturo hssujos hf ufboreynfi FL\ `hsob njpeojofthtndf hrcmntocturo wntm h 0-eovoe Drcmostrhtndf Cdftrdeeor hpprdhcm. Dfo cdftrdeeor ns edchtob ht tmo CC eovoe hfb dfo ht tmo nftor-CC eovoe. Rmns hpprdhcm heedws heidrntmjs ldr tdpdediy dptnjnzhtndf td dporhto ht tmo nftor-CC eovoe hfb tmof bnroct tmo porndbnc ro-drihfnzhtndf ro-drihfnzhtndf dl tmo ceustors ht tmo CC
Oxtrhct. Rmo luee ?I Ymntophpor hrtnceo jhy `o bdwfedhbob lrdj www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;29;
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Lniuro 8. 3I[[ (3 rb Ioforhtndf [hrtforsmnp [rdaoct), ovdevob ERO-H C_[S hrcmntocturo (ERO-[rd).
drcmostrhtndf eovoe hccdrbnfi td nfldrjhtndf sucm hs edhb vs tnjo hfb usor bdjnfhft ushio typo(s) cdeeoctob ht tmo ceustor eovoe. Rmns heedws porndbnc ro-drihfnzhtndf dl tmo ceustors hfb tmonr fuj`or hfb snzos ht tmo nftor-ceustor tdpdediy eovoe td rohenzo Hutdjhtnc Fotwdrg Dptnjnzhtndf (HFD). Cdftoxt Hwhro Fotwdrgnfi Rmo LBC fotwdrg wnee ofh`eo cdftoxtuhe nfldrjhtndf td `o oxcmhfiob `y tmo fotwdrg hfb `otwoof bnoroft usors dl tmo fotwdrg nf h cdftrdeeob hfb socuro jhffor sucm hs usnfi `rdgorob cortnchtos por irdup dl nfldrjhtndf. Rmo Su`scrn`or Bhth Jhfhiojoft (SBJ) systoj tmht nf provndus jd`neo ioforhtndfs mhs rojhnfob MEP coftrnc ns ofvnshiob td `o oxtofbob td suppdrt usor prdeos, sd tmht tmo usor jhy smhro nfldrjhtndf soeoctnvoey wntm tmo fotwdrg fot wdrg nf drbor td njprdvo tmonr usor oxpornofco. Nt ns prdpdsob tmht ohcm usor wnee mhvo h _sor [rdeo (_pr) tmht wnee `o oxtofsn`eo nf h foidtnh`eo jhffor td prdvnbo nfldrjhtndf goys nftd fow hppenchtndfs hfb fotwdrg SDF (soel-drihfnznfi fotwdrg) heidrntmjs td njprdvo tmo fotwdrg hfb usor oxpornofco.
`ohror lrdj juetnpeo tocmfdedinos td `o cdj`nfob td suppdrt dfo cdjjdf, byfhjnc, vnrtuhe cdffoctndf lrdj h bovnco tdwhrbs tmo LBC fotwdrg. Rmo CPC[ cdffoctndf ns jhfhiob hc rdss tmo `ohror typos bopofbnfi df usor cdftoxt hfb hvhneh`eo cdjjufnchtndfs `ohrors. Rmo cdffoctndf jhy ht hfy dfo tnjo nfvdevo snjuethfodus phtms hcrdss dfo dr jdro hvhneh`eo cdjjufnchtndfs tocmfdedinos ufbor tmo cdjjdf cdftrde dl tmo CPC[. Nf tmns jhffor tmo LBC fotwdrg ofh`eos tmo pdtoftnhe td byfhjncheey dporhto snjuethfodus rhbnd hfb juetn-xob hccoss tocmfdediy pddenfi, df h por usor `hsns (juetn-PHR/ LHR). Rmo hvhneh`eo `ohror pdde ldrjob ns tmof dporhtob usnfi dfo dr jdro dl tmoso `ohrors ht h PHR/LHR) td `ost suppdrt tmo cdffoctndf td ohcm usor edcheo pdtoftnheey dporhtob ht tmo shjo hs roqunrob, td prdvnbo hewhys sufficnoft chphcnty ldr tmo cdjjufnchtndfs thsg(s) nf mhfb. (8?;92;)
Ymnest sdjo `hsnc hfb ossoftnhe nfldrjhtndf ns corthnfey roqunrob td `o gfdwf `otwoof tmo bovnco hfb tmo fotwdrg, shy hs h sdlt ldrj dl tmo curroft SNJ (td prdvnbo `hso fotwdrg, usor hbbrossos hfb socurnty nfldrjhtndf) h fow usor prdeo ldr ?I pdtoftnheey dors jucm jdro. _sor prdeos hro prdvnbob td ofh`eo tmo prdvnsndf dl nfldrjhtndf d`aoct cehssos (NdC) td wmncm tmo usor jhy soeoctnvoey heedw socurob hccoss `y tmo fotwdrg, nf drbor td brnvo fow SDF lufctndfs nf tmo fotwdrg dr `oydfb td njprdvo tmo usors oxpornofco. Rmns chph`nenty ofh`eos socuro usor prdeo NdC trhbnfi/nfldrjhtndf ofh`eojoft `otwoof tmo bovnco, tmo dporhtdr fotwdrg, bovnco hppenchtndfs hfb sorvnco nftorlhcos n ftorlhcos td h fuj`or dl pehyors nfceubnfi1 dporhtdrs, sorvnco prdvnbors, cdftoft prdvnbors, hppenchtndf bovoedpors hfb cedub prdvnbors. Rmns chph`nenty wnee snifnchftey ofrncm sorvnco prdvnsndf/ovdeutndf prdvnsndf/ovdeutndf nf ?I.
Cdffoctndf [rdtdcde Leoxn`nenty Rmo LBC fotwdrg prdvnbos h sdlt-cdffoctndf `otwoof ntsoel hfb bovncos nf tmo ldrj dl Cdjjdf Posdurco Cdffoctndf [rdtdcde (CPC[). Rmo CPC[, hs hf ovdeutndf dl PPC heedws juetnpeo
cdftrn`utob cdftoft
Lniuro 0. [rdpdsob LBC fotwdrg hrcmntocturo.
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Oeogtdr. Eh`s Fow eddg & looe Rmo Oeogtdr.Eh`s wo`snto mhs ufboridfo h jhadr jhgodvor hfb fdw spdrts tmo shjo eddg & looe hs tmo dtmor Oeogtdr wo`sntos. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, tmo cmhfios hro fdt aust cdsjotnc, cmocg dut
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Dpof td hee, hee mdurs Rmo jdst njpdrthft cmhfio ns tmht Oeogtdr.Eh`s ns fdw dpof td fdf-joj`ors hesd. Rmns johfs tmht lrdj fdw df ovory vnsntdr td Oeogtdr.Eh`s chf fdt aust rohb tmo prdaoc prdaoctt wrnto wrnto-ups, -ups, `ut mo/smo chf hesd bdwfedhb eos, phrtncnphto nf prdaocts `y pdstnfi cdjjofts hfb ovof pdst fow prdaocts. Rmo dfey roqunrojoft ns tmo crohtndf dl h (lroo) Oeogtdr NB. Rmo lroo NB ns vhenb ldr Oeogtdr.Eh`s `ut bdos fdt heedw hccoss td tmo Oeogtdr hrcmnvo hfb dtmor sorvncos tmht hro hvhneh`eo td Oeogtdr Iroof hfb Ideb joj`ors.
Nt„s hee nf ydur prdeo H pncgeo usob td `o tmo lhct tmht tmo Oeogtdr.Eh`s hccdufts woro ufroehtob td dtmor Oeogtdr hccdufts. Rmo Oeogtdr NB sdevos tmns prd`eoj `y (td put nt scnoftncheey) prdvnbnfi h snfieo oftry pdnft wmoro h ufnquo vhenb sot dl 5usorfhjo|phsswdrb6 iots ydu nf. Lrdj ydur prdeo phio ydu tmof mhvo hccoss td hee tmo sorvncos tmht hppey td ydur NB. H cencg dr thp df ―Jy Eh`s [rd aoct(s)‚ aoct (s)‚ wnee bnsp bnspehy ehy h ens enstt dl tmo prdaocts tmht ydu jhfhio hfb/dr ldeedw. Lrdj moro ydu chf dpof h
prdaoct ldr vnownfi dr obntnfi, wmncm fohtey `rnfis us td tmo foxt jhadr cmhfio1
[rdaoct obntnfi _pbhtnfi h prdaoct whs bdfo bnoroftey bn oroftey `y ovory usor, jhgnfi nt rhtmor bnfficuet ht tnjos ldr h ldeedwor td soo nl sdjotmnfi whs jdbnob, hfb mdw. Rd jhgo nt ohsnor ldr prdaoct joj`ors td sthy up td bhto, hbbnfi upbhtos td h prdaoct just fdw `o bdfo `y pdstnfi prdaoct cdjjofts. Rmo jhnf prdaoct phio, dr ―[rdaoct Boscrnptndf‚ hs nt cheeob lrdj fdw df, chf dfey `o obntob nf brhlt jdbo7 dfco tmo prdaoct ns pu`ensmob, nt chf fd edfior `o jdbnob. Dfey prdaoct jhfhiors chf hbb prdaoct cdjjofts tmht iot bnspehyob nf cmrdfdedinche drbor rnimt `oedw tmo prdaoct„s boscrnptndf. Cdjjofts lrdj ldeedwors hfb vnowors hro bnspehyob `oedw tmo prdaoct„s cdjjofts.
Nl ydu bdf„t mhvo dfo yot, bdf„t wdrry, ydu chf hbb nt ehtor. Nt ns hesd pdssn`eo td hbb bdwfedhbh`eo eos (pmdtds, sdltwhro, CHB eos, otc.) td ydur prdaoct `y cencgnfi tmo Htthcmjofts `uttdf. Htthcmjofts chf `o hssnifob h typo sd tmht tmoy wnee `o bnspehyob nf corthnf hrohs.
Brhlts Rmns sthto dr pmhso bnb bn b fdt oxnst df tmo deb Oeogtdr.Eh`s wo`snto. [rdaocts nf brhlt jdbo hro fdt vnsn`eo td tmo rost dl tmo wdreb hfb chf `o cmhfiob nfbofntoey. Rmoy chf hesd `o boeotob. Brhlt jdbo ns usolue nl ydu whft td prosoft h cdjpeotob prdaoct nf dfo pdst. Snjpey provnow hfb jdbnly tmo prdaoct boscrnptndf uftne ydu hro mhppy wntm nt, tmof pu`ensm nt. @ut `owhro, tmoro ns fd why `hcg7 ydur prdaoct ns fdw vnsn`eo vnsn `eo td tmo wdreb hfb `oydfb.
Sohrcmnfi hfb etornfi Crohtnfi h fow prdaoct… … ns ohsy hs `oldro. ^du sthrt `y cencgnfi tmo rob ―Hbb prdaoct‚ `uttdf (ht tmo tdp dl tmo Oeogtdr.Eh`s mdjophio) mdjophio) hfb tmof oftornfi h tnteo (cmddso nt woee!), h tohsor hfb h boscrnptndf. Rmo tohsor ns wmht podpeo soo df tmo prdaoct dvorvnow phios, sd goop nt ceohr hfb cdfcnso (fdt oxcoobnfi 8?; cmhrhctors). _pedhbnfi h prdaoct pncturo ns mnimey rocdjjofbob.
Mhvnfi edts dl prdaocts hfb nfldrjhtndf ns fnco, `ut wmof ydu chffdt sohrcm tmrduim nt nf hf officnoft jhffor, nt hee rojhnfs protty usoeoss. Rmht„s wmy wo mhvo hbbob sovorhe sohrcm- hfb etor tddes. H iddb goywdrb sohrcm cdjpeojoftob `y this t his hfb juetnpeo sdrtnfi dptndfs ofh`eo ydu td quncgey fb wmht ydu hro eddgnfi ldr. (8?;99<)
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Yoecdjo td tmo tmo BOSNIF soctndf
O P H M S
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@y Ceojofs \heofs, Oeogtdr Eh`s
Ymht„s wrdfi wntm prdirhjjnfi4 Hee dvor tmo wdreb idvorfjofts hfb nfbustry wdrry h`dut tmo ioforhe smdrthio dl ofinfoors, ospocnheey nf sdltwhro `ut hesd nf dtmor bdjhnfs. @ochuso cdjputors hfb jncrdcdftrdeeors hro `onfi hppenob nf ovor jdro bdjhnfs, ofdrjdus hjdufts dl sdltwhro mhvo td `o prdbucob td jhgo tmoj hee wdrg hfb cdjjufnchto wntm ohcm dtmor. Ldr tmo jdjoft sdltwhro ns stnee `onfi crohtob `y mujhfs `ut, ufldrtufhtoey, dfey h low dl tmoj hro nftorostob nf eohrfnfi mdw td bd tmns hfb ovof lowor whft td bd nt ldr h chroor. chroor. Rd dvorcdjo tmns prd`eoj, idvorfjofts hfb nfbustry httojpt td bovoedp cdursos hfb prdbucts td stnjuehto stubofts td eohrf prdirhjjnfi hs ohrey nf tmonr enlo hs pdssn`eo. Jhfy obuchtndfhe prdirhjjnfi prdaocts mhvo `oof prdpdsob, ovof td tdbbeors, `ut wntmdut jucm succoss. Rmo rohsdfs ldr tmoso lhneuros hro jhfnldeb. Lnrst dl hee, tmoy bdf„t tohcm stubofts hfytmnfi tmoy wnee fdt eohrf nf rohe enlo. Eddps hfb cdfbntndfs tmht ldrj tmo `hsns dl tmoso cdursos hro structuros wo ofcduftor bhney.
Nl ydu„ro Nl ydu„ro dut dl jneg, idtd idtd tmo tmo stdro. Ymneo nt„s Ymneo nt„s fdt woogofb, idtd idtd wdrg. wdrg.
Otc.
Ovory bhy jneendfs dl podpeo spofb mdurs hfb mdurs df sdevnfi Subdgu„s hfb crdsswdrb puzzeos prdvnfi tmht tmoy mhvo tmo phtnofco hfb nftoeeoctuhe chphcnty td `o oxcoeeoft sdltwhro ofinfoors, yot tmoy chffdt `o cmheeofiob td sdevo h prd`eoj wntm h `nt dl prdirhjjnfi. Rmoy aust bdf„t chro. Jhgnfi prdirhjjnfi hccossn`eo ns dfo snbo dl tmo prd`eoj, jhgnfi nt httrhctnvo ns qunto hfdtmor.
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F P H O E
Ovof tmo @@C aujpob tmo jhgo-prdirhjjnfi-luf `hfbwhidf wntm tmo hj`ntndus jncrd1`nt prdirhjjo wmncm cdfsnsts dl invnfi h jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrb td ovory 80-yohr-deb gnb nf tmo _G. Yo„ro thegnfi hejdst dfo jneendf `dhrbs moro. Bosnifob ldr luf hfb ohso-dl-uso prd`h`ey >>% dr jdro dl tmoj wnee quncgey ofb up hs ehfbee, fovor td `o usob hihnf. ^du jhy whft td pncg dfo up (df o@hy nl ydu bnbf„t fb dfo nf h `nf) `ochuso nt„s h fnco 30-`nt jncrdcdftrdeeor jncrdcdftrdeeor `dhrb wntm @euotddtm, EOB jhtrnx, 3B hccoeordjotor hfb jhifotdjotor. jotor. Sdltwhro suppdrt ns iroht. Moro ht Oeogtdr wo„ro herohby wdrgnfi df oxtofsndfs ldr tmo @@C jncrd1`nt, sd sthy tufob (td us). (8?;992)
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Hejdst dfo jneendf @@C jncrd1`nt jncrd1`nt `dhrbs hro dut tmoro up ldr irh`s. irh`s.
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jdboenfi, cdftrde ehws, Ghejhf etor Ymof N prosoftob jy prdtdtypo dl tmo nfvortob pofbueuj, h cdeeohiuo hsgob jo1 ―Hfb sd ydu aust wdgo up dfo jdrfnfi hfb shnb td ydursoel ”tdbhy N„j idnfi td jhgo hf upsnbo-bdwf pofbueuj!„4‚ Rmns prdaoct duimt td oencnt tmo shjo hstdfnsmjoft hjdfi ydur dwf lhjney hfb lrnofbs, `ochuso tmns ”pofbueuj„ ns chph`eo dl fdt dfey rojhnfnfi `hehfcob, `ut hesd rhnsnfi ntsoel up df nts dwf.
@y Aohf-Sî`hstnof Idfsotto (@oeinuj)
Rmo spocnc lohturo dl hf nfvortob pofbueuj ns tmht nts coftor dl irhvnty ns mnimor tmhf nts rdthtndfhe dr pnvdtnfi hxns. Sd nt„s h pofbueuj wntm nts mohb ht tmo `dttdj, hfb hee nt whfts td bd ns lhee dvor – engo tmo mujhf `dby. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, tmo `rhnf `rhn f wdrgs nf cdfaufctndf wntm tmo oyos hfb ohrs td sofb hbaustnfi forvo njpuesos td tmo jusceos wmof dur tdrsd jdvos wntm rospoct td dur hfgeos (pnvdtnfi pdnft). Nfvortob pofbueujs hro `hsob df tmns prnfcnpeo. Rmo vnbod W8Z smdws jy pofbueuj nf hctndf. Df tmo Nftorfot, ydu„ee fb h iroht jhfy vnbods df tmns rocurrnfi ufnvorsnty su`aoct. Nt heedws stubofts td tost hee sdrts dl roiuehtnfi tocmfnquos, td iot td irnps wntm h juetn-bnscnpenfo su` aoct ‒ hfb mhs h suroro ―Ydw!‚ ―Ydw!‚ lhctdr td `ddt. Rmoro„s sdjotmnfi nf nt ldr ovorydfo1 df twd wmooes, hs nf tmo Soiwhy, h vortnche `hr (snfieo, bdu`eo, dr trnpeo) df
h jdvnfi trdeeoy, h quhbcdptor chrrynfi h rdb wntm h iehss `hehfcob df tdp dl nt. @ut fdfo dl tmdso jhtcmos jy bosnif crntornh, fhjoey1 • Cdjphct (hrdufb 2‚ / 8; cj) hfb enimt, sd N chf bnspehy nt df jy bosg. • Cdjpeotoey soel-cdfthnfob, n.o. tmo pofbueuj chrrnos nts dwf `httory. • Snjpeo, sd hs td bojystnly tmo ioforhe prnfcnpeo wntmdut hbbnfi uffocosshry cdjpeoxnty. N ldufb h rocoft prdaoct `y tmo scnoftnsts ht tmo Loborhe [deytocmfnc nf Qurncm, spocnhenznfi nf byfhjnc systojs hfb cdftrde1 Cu`en . Nt„s h cu`o tmht `hehfcos df dfo dl nts obios dr cdrfors hfb aujps td jdvo lrdj dfo pdsntndf td hfdtmor (vnbod W0Z). Cu`en bdos joot jy rst twd crntornh, `ut jhy`o fdt tmo ehst dfo. Yntm tmroo boiroos dl jdvojoft sd hs td jdvo hfb goop nts `hehfco nf hee bnroctndfs, bnroct ndfs, tmo jdboenfi ns protty cmheeofinfi. Ymht„s
jdro, tmo jdvojoft oquhtndfs hro lhr lrdj `onfi enfohr, eohbnfi td cdjpeox cdftrde ehws. Rd goop nt snjpeo, N„vo idfo lrdj h 3B cu`o td h 0B squhro, dl cdurso wntm h corthnf tmncgfoss, chph`eo dl `hehfcnfi hrdufb h snfieo hxns. Hfb snfco tmns squhro bnbf„t foob td hctuheey ―rdee‚, N„vo cut nt nf mhel, td ofb up wntm tmns trnhfiuehr smhpo.
Hfhtdjy dl hf nfvortob pofbueuj Lniuro 8 ns 8 ns hf oxpedbob vnow dl tmo t mo vhrndus oeojofts dl tmo pofbueuj7 nt mhs h enjntob fuj`or dl phrts. Nts sgoeotdf ns jhbo up dl twd pehstnc mhel-smoees, prdbucob usnfi h 3B prnftor (wo„ee cdjo `hcg td tmns nf [hrt 0 dl tmns hrtnceo). Rmo rst mhel smoee ns usob td suppdrt tmo [C@, wmneo tmo socdfb cdfthnfs tmo jdtdr hfb nts nfortnh wmooe. Rmo `rhnfs dl tmo pofbueuj hro h [NC jncrdcdftrdeeor tmht cdftrdes hfb pdwors tmo jdtdr. Rmo Enpd `httory (cdjjdf nf jdboenfi) senps bnroctey nftd nts mdebor `omnfb tmo [C@. Rmo jdtdr, tmo pofbueuj„s sdeo cdftrde bovnco, ns moeb nf h mdusnfi prdvnbob ldr tmns purpdso nf tmo pehstnc smoee. Hf nfortnh wmooe ns bnroctey cdupeob td tmns jdtdr. Rmns nfortnh wmooe cdfsnsts dl h pehstnc smhlt, hesd 3B prnftob, dftd wmncm ns crnjpob h jothe rnfi wmdso jhss prdvnbos tmo bosnrob nfortnh.
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quhftnty dl jdvojoft. Moro wo hro bohenfi wntm tmo lhjdus ldrjueh1 bp l e , bt dr jdro cdjjdfey l : jh. jh. Rd put nt jdro ceohrey1 tmo quhftnty dl jdvojoft dl h `dby ( p : jv ) ns jdbnob nf prdpdrtndf td tmo rosuethft dl tmo ldrcos hctnfi df nt. 3. Hfy `dby H `dby H oxortnfi oxortnfi h ldrco df h `dby @ ns su`aoctob td h ldrco dl oquhe jhifntubo nf tmo shjo bnroctndf, `ut nf tmo dppdsnto sofso1 tmns ns tmo prnfcnpeo dl hctndf/rohctndf. Ymht dfo `dby ihnfs, tmo dtmor edsos7 nt„s engo trhfslorrnfi jdfoy lrdj dfo hccduft td hfdtmor1 nt ns fovor edst ldr ovorydfo.
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Lniuro 8. Nfsnbos dl tmo nfvortob pofbueuj.
Mdw bdos nt wdrg tmof4 Engo tmo Cu`en, jy pofbueuj ns `hsob df tmo pmysnche prnfcnpeo dl cdfsorvhtndf dl hfiuehr jdjoftuj, usnfi hf nfortnh wmooe td ofsuro nts `hehfco. Ovof tmduim tmo rdthtndf dl tmns wmooe jnimt suiiost tmo iyrdscdpnc ooct dl h spnffnfi-tdp, tmns ns fdt tmo prnfcnpeo `onfi hppenob moro. Lnrst dl hee, eot„s sthrt wntm h low rojnfbors h`dut pmysncs, nf phrtncuehr Fowtdf„s Ehws dl Jdtndf1
8. Nf hf nfortnhe rolorofco lrhjo (n.o. fdt su`aoctob td hfy oxtorfhe ldrco), tmo voedcnty voctdr dl h systoj„s coftor dl nfortnh ns cdfsthft nl hfb dfey nl tmo suj dl tmo ldrco voctdrs hctnfi df tmo systoj ns zord. Rd put nt jdro ceohrey1 tmo quhftnty dl jdvojoft jdvojoft dl h `dby ns cdfsorvob nl fd ldrco nt hppenob td nt. 0. Nf hf nfortnhe rolorofco lrhjo, tmo suj dl tmo ldrcos hctnfi df h systoj ns oquhe td tmo bornvhtnvo dl tmo
Rh`eo 8 Cdjphrnsdf `otwoof enfohr hfb hfiuehr jdvojoft.
bnspehcojoft dl tmo coftor dl irhvnty dl h systoj Jhss nf gi
rdthtndf dl h systoj h`dut nts coftor dl irhvnty Nfortnh nf gi.j0 Hfiuehr voedcnty nf rhb/s
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Rmoso ioforhe prnfcnpeos hppey td phrtnceos. Ldr h wmdeo systoj, wo hro jdro nftorostob nf nts coftor dl irhvnty hfb nts hfiuehr drnofthtndf hrdufb tmns pdnft. Rmns `rohgbdwf hjdufts td `rohgnfi tmo ldrcos bdwf nftd twd chtoidrnos1 • tmdso tmht jdbnly tmo quhftnty dl enfohr jdvojoft dl tmo systoj„s coftor dl irhvnty, • tmdso tmht jdbnly tmo quhftnty dl hfiuehr jdvojoft dl tmo systoj hrdufb nts coftor dl irhvnty. irhvnty. Jhtmojhtncheey, nt ns ohsnor td wdrg df tmo quhftnty dl hfiuehr jdvojoft usnfi tdrquo. Rmns bopofbs df tmo ldrco hppenob td chuso tmo systoj td turf h`dut h pnvdt hfb df tmo bnsthfco `otwoof tmo pnvdt pdnft hfb tmo pdnft wmoro tmo ldrco ns hppenob. Rh`eo 8 cdjphros enfohr jdvojoft hfb hfiuehr jdvojoft. jdvojoft. Rmo dporhtndf dl tmo pofbueuj ns hejdst nboftnche td tmht dl tmo nfortnh ffywmooes h`dhrb sphcocrhlt. H shtoeento dr`ntnfi tmo Ohrtm mhs td cdrroct nts drnofthtndf sd hs td ro-henif nts hftoffhs tdwhrbs h procnso pdnft df tmo Ohrtm. @oldro jhfouvornfi, nts hfiuehr jdjoftuj ns zord (nt bdosf„t rdthto). Ymof nt hppenos jdtdr tdrquo td dfo dl nts nfortnh wmooes, tmns hccoeorhtos nts rdthtndf nf dfo bnroctndf, `ut ht tmo shjo tnjo tmo rojhnfbor dl tmo shtoeento ns su`aoctob td h tdrquo dl tmo shjo s hjo jhifntubo, `ut nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf (3rb prnfcnpeo). Hs h rosuet, tmo shtoeento turfs nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf. Sd nf sphco, wntm fd oxtorfhe `ohrnfi pdnft, h shtoeento chf uso hf nfortnh (ffy)wmooe td jdbnly nts hfiuehr jdjoftuj. Rhgnfi tmo shtoeento hs h wmdeo (nfceubnfi tmo nfortnh wmooe), tmo h`sofco dl oxtorfhe ldrcos hesd njpenos
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Lniuro 0. [eohsnfi td tmo oyo1 tmo snjuehtndf dl tmo sth`nenzhtndf dl tmo pofbueuj.
tmht tmo tdthe hfiuehr jdjoftuj bdos fdt cmhfio, n.o. nt rojhnfs zord (0fb prnfcnpeo). Hfb tmns ns nfboob tmo chso1 tmo suj ―nfortnh wmooe hfiuehr jdjoftuj (―+‚) + hfiuehr jdjoftuj dl tmo rost dl tmo shtoeento (―∐‚)‚ fovor vhrnos nl tmo dfey ldrcos nfvdevob hro tmdso `otwoof tmo nftorfhe oeojofts. Ldr tmo pofbueuj, tmo sntuhtndf ns prhctncheey tmo shjo, oxcopt tmht tmo oxtorfhe ldrco ns fdt zord `ochuso dl tmo hctndf dl irhvnty. Nl ydu try td goop tmo pofbueuj `hehfcnfi df nts tnp, irhvnty wnee turf tmo senimtost nj`hehfco nftd h fdf-zord hfiuehr hccoeorhtndf uftne nt mnts tmo `hsopehto. Rd cduftor tmns, tmo pofbueuj„s coftor dl irhvnty wdueb mhvo td `o `rduimt `hcg td oxhctey h`dvo nts pnvdt pdnft. Hs tmns pdnft ns tnfy, nf prhctnco tmns ns njpdssn`eo. Mdwovor, nt ns porloctey pdssn`eo td `rnfi tmo pofbueuj„s pofbueuj„s coftor dl irhvnty h`dvo tmo pnvdt, df hvorhio. hvorhio. Rmus tmo pofbueuj ns pueeob `hcg td tmo eolt wmof nt jdvos td tmo rnimt, hfb vnco-vorsh, jhgnfi nt pdssn`eo td cduftor tmo hctndf dl irhvnty hfb goop nt `hehfcnfi. Rmns ns wmoro tmo jdtdr hfb nts nfortnh wmooe cdjo nftd nt. Aust hs ldr tmo shtoeento, tmo `dby dl tmo pofbueuj hccoeorhtos nf dfo bnroctndf wmof tmo nfortnh wmooe idos d nf tmo dtmor bnroctndf. Nt ns focosshry td cdfsthftey botoct nf wmncm bnroctndf tmo pofbueuj ns lheenfi hfb bobuco lrdj tmns tmo jdtdr tdrquo vheuo td `o hppenob nf drbor td cdjpofshto tmns nj`hehfco. Nl tmo brnvo ns bdfo cdrroctey, tmo pofbueuj wnee dscneehto `y h sjhee hjduft, sdjotnjos td tmo
Lniuro 3. Byfhjncs dl tmo pofbueuj hfb nts nfortnh wmooe.
eolt, sdjotnjos td tmo rnimt, `ut wdf„t lhee dvor.
Hfb tmo aujp4 Rmo pofbueuj„s h`nenty td aujp up (id lrdj tmo eynfi bdwf pdsntndf td tmo `hehfcnfi pdsntndf) ns surprnsnfi, `ut ohsy td oxpehnf. Hee wo mhvo td bd ns hccoeorhto tmo nfortnh wmooe nf tmo bnroctndf nf wmncm wo whft nt td aujp, uftne nt iots up sufficnoft spoob. Ht tmns pdnft, tmo wmooe just `o edcgob sd tmo wmdeo pofbueuj wnee enlt d. Eot„s cdjo `hcg td Fowtdf1 h. Ymof tmo pofbueuj ns df tmo ffddr, wntm tmo wmooe stdppob, nts hfiuehr jdjoftuj ns zord. `. Nt hccoeorhtos nts nfortnh wmooe hfb tmoro`y ihnfs hfiuehr jdjoftuj `y pusmnfi hihnfst tmns ffddr. Nf tmo h`sofco dl h suppdrt, tmns dporhtndf ns njpdssn`eo7 tmns wduebf„t wdrg nf sphco. c. Ymof tmo rdthtndfhe spoob ns mnim ofduim, `edcgnfi tmo wmooe hjdufts td robucnfi tmo hfiuehr jdjoftuj td zord. Snfco tmo hfiuehr jdjoftuj dl hf nsdehtob systoj ns cdfsorvob hfb chffdt bnshppohr, nt ns trhfslorrob sdjowmoro oeso1 td tmo pofbueuj ntsoel! Rmo tdthe hfiuehr jdjoftuj bdos fdt vhry.
Jdboenfi tmo pofbueuj byfhjncs Nf drbor td roiuehto h pmysnche systoj engo e ngo tmns pofbueuj, ydu foob td `o lhjnenhr wntm tmo ehws idvorfnfi nts jdvojofts hccdrbnfi td tmo cdjjhfbs `onfi hppenob. Sd nt ns focosshry td jdboe tmo pofbueuj„s byfhjncs, wmncm eots ydu stuby tmo prd`eoj td `o sdevob nf irohtor bothne,
hfb tmof td bnjofsndf tmo vhrndus oeojofts cdrroctey1 snzo dl tmo pofbueuj, `httory wonimt, jdtdr tdrquo, oeoctrdfnc cnrcunt pdwor, otc. Snfco N hj sthrtnfi d lrdj fdtmnfi, N cmddso td bofo corthnf phrhjotors hr`ntrhrney hfb uso snjuehtndf td vornly tmht jy jdboe sthfbs up, `oldro `unebnfi tmo prdtdtypo (soo Lniuro 0, 0, tmo rosuet dl h roiuehtndf tostob df h [C). Rmo jdboe enjnts tmo rnsg dl lhneuro, `ut nt ns hesd ossoftnhe ldr wrntnfi tmo pofbueuj„s df`dhrb heidrntmjs (jdtdr cdftrde, hfheyznfi tmo bhth roconvob lrdj tmo botoctdrs, hfb ostnjhtnfi tmo sthto dl tmo pofbueuj). Rd d`thnf tmo pofbueuj byfhjncs oquhtndfs, wo foob td botorjnfo tmo fuj`or dl boiroos dl jdvojoft nf tmo systoj, brhw up hf oxmhustnvo enst dl tmo ldrcos hfb tdrquos hctnfi df ohcm dl tmo oeojofts, boscrn`o tmo byfhjnc oocts dl ohcm dl tmoj, tmof snlt tmrduim ovorytmnfi, goopnfi aust tmdso phrhjotors tmht hro dl nftorost. Rmo pofbueuj mhs twd boiroos dl jdvojoft1 • tmo `dby, wmncm pnvdts hrdufb nts pdnft dl cdfthct wntm tmo ffddr, ffddr, wntm hf hfieo ν • tmo rdthtndf dl tmo jdtdr hfb nts nfortnh wmooe, wntm hf hfieo ό. Rmo d`aoct dl tmo oxorcnso ns td fb mdw tmo socdfb bornvhtnvos dl tmoso twd phrhjotors cmhfio, n.o. tmonr hccoeorhtndf, hs h lufctndf dl tmo tdrquo boenvorob `y tmo jdtdr. Lniuro 3 ensts 3 ensts hee tmo phrhjotors hctnfi df tmo pofbueuj `dby hfb tmo wmooe1 • Ymooe1 tmo jdtdr tdrquo ntsoel ς j, tmo lrnctndfhe cdupeo `otwoof tmo rdtdr
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Cdedfnzhtndf dl tmo _fnvorso
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Lniuro 2. Rmo oniofvheuo, jhstor dl tmo ufnvorso.
hfb tmo sthtdr ς l , hfb hesd tmo twd ldrcos tmht mdeb tmo rdtdr nf pehco l wx hfb l wy . • [ofbueuj1 tmo ldrcos hfb tdrquos hctnfi df tmo wmooe, `ut nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf7 tmo twd ldrcos `otwoof tmo pofbueuj hfb tmo ffddr l `x hfb l `y tmht jhnfthnf tmo pofbueuj pnvdt nf pehco. Irhvnty i hcts df tmo jhss dl `dtm tmo pofbueuj j` hfb wmooe jw . N„ee sphro ydu tmo checuehtndfs7 wo d`thnf tmo ldeedwnfi twd byfhjnc oquhtndfs1
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wmoro J : j ` ¹ e ` + j w ¹ ew hfb N : N ` + j` ¹e `0 + jw ¹ e w 0 Rmo torjs j`, N `, jw hfb N w hro tmo jhss hfb tmo nfortnh dl tmo pofbueuj `dby hfb nfortnh wmooe rospoctnvoey j` 7 e ` hfb e w hro tmo monimt dl tmo coftor dl irhvnty dl tmo pofbueuj `dby hfb tmo monimt dl tmo nfortnh wmooe wntm rospoct td tmo ffddr. Rmoso oquhtndfs hro usob fdt dfey ldr snjuehtnfi tmo pofbueuj„s `omhvndr, `ut hesd ldr osth`ensmnfi tmo jdtdr cdftrde ehws.
Sth`nenty dl tmo pofbueuj Nf drbor td jhtmojhtncheey stuby tmo pofbueuj„s pofbueuj„s nfsth`nenty, N„j suiiostnfi hf hfhediy wntm `ndediy. H [otrn bnsm jhgos nt pdssn`eo td irdw jncrd-drihfnsjs nf drbor td stuby tmonr bovoedpjoft. Moro hro jy hssujptndfs1 • y1 fuj`or dl drihfnsjs nf tmo
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Lniuro ?. Sthto loob`hcg cdftrde..
bnsm. f1 `nrtm rhto dl tmo drihfnsjs7 b1 tmonr bohtm rhto. • Nl `dtm tmoso rhtos hro prdpdrtndfhe td tmo snzo dl tmns pdpuehtndf, tmof y„ : fy ∐ by. Nl tmoso rhtos hro cdfsthft, nt ns ohsy td nftoirhto tmns oquhtndf – tmo rosuet ns tmo pdpuehtndf irdwtm rhto. Nl tmo nfntnhe pdpuehtndf ns y ;, wo d`thnf1 y(t) : y ; ¹ o(f–b)¹t : y ; ¹ o η¹t Rmo oxpdfoftnhe lufctndf smdws tmht tmo pdpuehtndf wnee bovoedp nf h rhbncheey bnlloroft why, bopofbnfi df tmo snif dl f ∐ b . Nl tmo bohtm rhto ns mnimor tmhf tmo `nrtm rhto, tmo oxpdfoft ns foihtnvo1 tmo pdpuehtndf irhbuheey bnos dut. Nf tmo dtmor chso, tmo pdpuehtndf irdws ofbeossey hfb cdedfnzos tmo ufnvorso (ht eohst, nl tmo oquhtndfs stnee mhvo hfy johfnfi ht tmns scheo). Rmo oxpdfoft η oxpdfoft η nf nf tmns oquhtndf ns cheeob tmo oniofvheuo dl tmo systoj. Rmo snif dl tmns vheuo ns wmht botorjnfos nl tmo systoj ns sth`eo (vheuo ―∐‚) dr ufsth`eo (vheuo ―+‚) (Lniuro (Lniuro 2). 2). Jdbnlynfi tmo pM nf tmo bnsm jhgos nt pdssn`eo td cdftrde tmo rhto dl irdwtm/ bocenfo. Nl tmns cdftrde ns prdpdrtndfhe td tmo quhftnty dl nfbnvnbuhes, tmo bovoedpjoft oquhtndfs `ocdjo1 y„ : fy ∐ by + gy 7 y(t) : y ; ¹ o(f–b+g)t Rmns ns wmoro tmo dporhtndf ns sjhrt. Hs tmo phrhjotor g chf chf `o lrooey cmdsof (wntmnf tmo pmysnche enjnts dl tmo systoj), nt ns pdssn`eo td ldrco h pdsntnvo oniofvheuo td `ocdjo foihtnvo, wmncm heedws tmo systoj td rocdvor nts sth`nenty.
Rmo oquhtndfs idvorfnfi tmo `omhvndr dl tmo pofbueuj hro h `nt jdro cdjpenchtob tmhf nf tmns oxhjpeo. Rmo vhrndus sthtos dl tmo systoj, engo tmo hfieo hfb voedcnty dl tmo pofbueuj dr tmo jdtdr spoob, mhvo td `o cdfvortob nftd voctdrs, wmneo tmo juetnpeo bnoroftnhe oquhtndfs just `o trhfspdsob nftd jhtrncos. Ht tmo ofb dl tmo bhy, wo hro checuehtnfi tmo oniofvheuos dl h jhtrnx – mofco nt ns eoss ohsy td soo wmy tmo systoj ns sth`eo dr fdt. Nl dfo dl tmo oniofvheuos ns pdsntnvo, tmof sdjotmnfi nf tmo ldrj dl o η¹t hppohrs sdjowmoro hs sddf hs ydu porldrj hf nftoirhtndf df ydur systoj, hfb ovorytmnfi idos hwry.
Poiuehtndf [NB roiuehtndf ns `ost suntob td h systoj wntm dfo cdftrde nfput hfb dfo dutput vhrnh`eo. Fdw dur pofbueuj mhs twd boiroos dl jdvojoft1 tmo hfieo dl nts `dby hfb tmo rdthtndfhe spoob dl nts nfortnh wmooe. Rmoso twd bnjofsndfs mhvo td `o `dtm cdftrdeeob usnfi h snfieo cdftrde nfput1 tmo jdtdr tdrquo. Rmo trncgy pdnft moro ns tmht h jdtdr chf dfey boenvor tdrquo dvor h invof spoob rhfio. Nl N lhne td roiuehto tmo rdthtndfhe spoob, nt wnee brnlt uftne nt rohcmos ufhccopth`eo vheuos hfb nt wnee fd edfior `o pdssn`eo td cdftrde tmo pofbueuj. Dut idos [NB roiuehtndf! Sd N hj idnfi ldr sthto loob`hcg cdftrde, trde, wmncm ns `hsob df tmo vheuo dl tmo systoj„s nftorfhe sthtos. Nf cdfcroto torjs, tmo eddp ns crohtob `y nftrdbucnfi h rohe ihnf lhctdr ldr ohcm dutput-td-nfput loob`hcg pdssn`nenty. Nf tmo chso dl tmo pofbueuj, tmo sthtos `onfi cdftrdeeob hro tmo hfieo dl tmo pofbueuj, tmo rdthtndfhe spoob dl tmo pofbueuj, hfb tmo rdthtndfhe
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spoob dl tmo nfortnh wmooe ‒ mofco tmroo dutputs. Sd tmo loob`hcg eddp ns `hsob df tmo suj dl tmroo ihnfs hppenob td h snfieo cdftrde nfput (Lniuro (Lniuro ?). ?). Nt ns pdssn`eo td checuehto ihnfs sucm tmht tmo oniofvheuos dl tmo pofbueuj hro hee foihtnvo, invnfi h sth`eo pofbueuj. Bnoroft hpprdhcmos hro pdssn`eo, `ut nt„s lhnrey cdfvofnoft td hppey tmo Enfohr Xuhbrhtnc P oiuehtdr oiuehtdr (EXP) tmodry. Rmns prdvnbos hf heidrntmj ldr checuehtnfi tmoso ihnfs hutdjhtncheey, nf hccdrbhfco wntm tmo systoj oquhtndfs hfb h sornos dl wonimtnfi lhctdrs. Rmoso wonimtnfis, bofob `y tmo bosnifor, cdrrospdfb td tmo njpdrthfco invof td tmo bnoroft sthtos dl tmo systoj hfb td tmo cdftrde burnfi roiuehtndf. Rmo mnimor h wonimtnfi ns, tmo irohtor tmo oxtoft td wmncm tmo heidrntmj wnee dptnjnzo tmo hssdcnhtob sthto dr cdftrde7 nt wnee cdfvorio lhstor tdwhrbs nts sot vheuo. Rmo jdst njpdrthft tmnfi moro ns td ro-osth`ensm `hehfco usnfi jnfnjuj tdrquo, wmotmor tmns thgos dfo socdfb dr tmroo. Nf pdnft dl lhct, tmo jdtdr tdrquo ns enjntob1 mofco tmo hnj ns td iot tmo jhxnjuj dut dl tmo jdtdr, wmneo cdjpofshtnfi ldr tmo ehriost pdssn`eo nj`hehfco. N„j fdt idnfi td shy hfy jdro h`dut tmo cdftrde tmodry. Rmo su`aoct ns tdd muio td `o lueey bnscussob moro. Id hfb thgo h eddg ht tmo _fnvorsnty dl Jncmnihf„s sornos dl tutdrnhes h`dut cdftrdeenfi systojs usnfi Jhteh`, nfceubnfi dfo df tmo roiuehtndf dl hf nfvortob pofbueuj W3Z.
[ofbueuj sthto hltor phssnfi tmrduim tmo Ghejhf etor Mdw chf wo fb dut tmo sthtos st htos dl tmo pofbueuj ht hee jdjofts1 pofbueuj hfieo,
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pofbueuj spoob, hfb jdtdr spoob4 Ontmor probnct tmoso sthtos, dr johsuro tmoj. Nl tmo nfntnhe sthto ns gfdwf, N chf probnct tmo why nt wnee cmhfio bopofbnfi df tmo tdrquo sotpdnft hppenob td tmo jdtdr. N nftoirhto tmo bnoroftnhe oquhtndfs nf tmo jdboe nf drbor td fb dut wmoro tmo pofbueuj wnee `o hf nfsthft ehtor, ehtor, hfb N bd tmo shjo hihnf ldr tmo foxt nfsthft… Nt„s engo trynfi td brnvo h chr wntm ydur oyos smut df tmo `hsns dl h jofthe njhio dl tmo rdhb hmohb hfb tmo `omhvndr dl tmo chr. Rmht wnee wdrg DG… ldr h low socdfbs! Buo td jdboenfi orrdrs, tmo probnctndf bophrts lrdj rohenty. Sd johsurojoft soojs td `o h jdro roenh`eo jotmdb. Mdwovor, hee botoctdrs mhvo h corthnf boiroo dl nfhccurhcy hfb hro su`aoct td johsurojoft fdnso. Rmns johfs tmht twd succossnvo johsurojofts dl hf nboftnche sthto wnee fdt ynoeb tmo shjo rosuet twnco. Ymht„s jdro, nt„s fdt hewhys pdssn`eo td johsuro ovorytmnfi. Bopofbnfi df tmo prdcoss, corthnf sthtos wnee `o bobucob nfbnroctey. Sd df tmo dfo mhfb N mhvo h jotmdb tmht ns hccurhto nf tmo smdrt torj, `ut wmdso orrdr nfcrohsos rhpnbey, hfb df tmo dtmor, h jotmdb wntm h xob `ut fdf-foienin`eo orrdr rhfio. Rmo nbohe ns td uso tmo dfo tmht dors tmo edwost orrdr ht h invof jdjoft. Eot„s thgo hf oxhjpeo1 N johsuro h rosnstdr usnfi h tdp-ofb juetnjotor (<= ℬ), tmof usnfi dfo cdstnfi dfey h low bdeehrs (9; ℬ). Rmo rst johsurojoft soojs td `o tmo jdst roenh`eo. Nf lhct, N foob td thgo tmo wonimtob hvorhio dl `dtm johsurojofts usnfi wonimtnfis checuehtob nf prdpdrtndf td tmo hccurhcy dl ohcm dl tmo nfstrujofts. Rmo jdro hccurhto tmo nfstrujoft, tmo mnimor tmo wonimtnfi dl nts johsurojoft. N hppey tmns prnfcnpeo td tmo pofbueuj. Rmo sthto
dl tmo pofbueuj wnee `o botorjnfob nf hccdrbhfco wntm tmo jdboe hfb tmo johsurojofts lrdj tmo botoctdrs, wonimtob hccdrbnfi td tmonr rospoctnvo vhenbntnos. Rmns prnfcnpeo enos ht tmo mohrt dl tmo Ghejhf etor1 etor1 h sthtos etor tmht porldrjs h wonimtob hvorhio dl tmo vhrndus johsurojofts hfb probnctndfs nf h byfhjnc prdcoss. Rmns etor rojdvos hs lhr hs pdssn`eo tmo fdnso hoctnfi tmo johsurojofts hfb probnctndfs nf drbor td d`thnf hf dptnjuj ostnjhto dl tmo sthto dl tmo prdcoss. Nt `rohgs bdwf nftd twd stops1 8. _snfi tmo jdboe dl tmo systoj, tdiotmor wntm tmo cdjjhfbs prdbucob ht hf nfsthft t , td probnct tmo sthto dl tmo systoj ht t + bt . Rmo probnctndf hesd ostnjhtos mdw tmo curroft ufcorthnfty h`dut tmo sthto dl tmo systoj cmhfios bopofbnfi df tmo ufcorthnfty df tmo jdboe ntsoel. Hee tmo ufcorthnftnos nf h Ghejhf etor hro tmo su`aoct dl Ihussnhf hpprdxnjhtndfs. Ldr h systoj mhvnfi dfey h snfieo sthto, tmo cehssnc Ihussnhf curvo ns smdwf nf Lniuro <. <. Nf dtmor chsos, tmns `ocdjos h juetn-Ihussnhf curvo wntm sovorhe bnjofsndfs. 0. Johsurnfi tmo sthto dl tmo systoj ht t + bt . Rmoso johsurojofts tdd mhvo tmonr dwf smhro dl ufcorthnftnos, dfco hihnf jdboeob `y h fuj`or dl Ihussnhf curvos. Hee tmo johsurojofts hro wonimtob `y tmonr rospoctnvo ufcorthnftnos, hs nf tmo juetnjotor oxhjpeo. Rmof tmo rosuet dl tmo johsurojofts ns joriob wntm tmo probnctndf, moro hihnf thgnfi tmo rospoctnvo ufcorthnftnos dl tmo
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[ofbueuj oeoctrdfncs Rmht„s ofduim tmodry, fdw ldr tmo prhctnco. Rmo pofbueuj„s df`dhrb oeoctrdfncs hro vory cdfvoftndfhe, hfb mhvo td lueee ldur jhadr lufctndfs tmht hro `rduimt tdiotmor nf tmo scmojhtnc nf Lniuro =1 =1 8. Cdfvortnfi tmo vdethio lrdj tmo Enpd `httory td pdwor tmo `rusmeoss jdtdr 0. Boenvornfi tmo jdtdr brnvo snifhes 3. Johsurnfi tmo byfhjnc phrhjotors dl tmo pofbueuj vnh hf hccoeordjotor hfb h iyrdscdpo 2. Njpeojoftnfi tmo jdtdr cdftrde ehw (�C) hccdrbnfi td tmo vheuos roturfob `y tmo botoctdrs. [dwornfi Rmo vdethio prdvnbob `y tmo Enpd `httory vhrnos `otwoof 9 \ hfb h entteo dvor = \, bopofbnfi df nts sthto dl cmhrio. Rmo Jhxdf jdtdr roqunros h fdjnfhe vdethio dl 80 \. Rmo swntcm-jdbo pdwor suppey `hsob df h JH]<<= cmnp porldrjs tmo focosshry pdwor hbhpthtndf (`ddst roiuehtdr). Rmo jdtdr brhws h curroft dl 0 H ldr h tdrquo dl ?? jFj7 tmo pdwor suppey wnee suppey ht eohst bdu`eo tmns curroft. Ymof pnf = dl tmo JH]<<= ns mnim, pdwor trhfsnstdr R8 cdfbucts hfb tmo curroft tmrduim pdwor nfbuctdr E8 nfcrohsos. Bndbo B3 provofts tmo dutput chphcntdr C0> lrdj bnscmhrinfi ht tmo shjo tnjo. Ymof pnf = idos edw, tmo trhfsnstdr ns turfob d, ldrcnfi tmo jhifotnc oforiy hccujuehtob nf E8 td ffdw nftd C0> vnh tmo bndbo. Rmo JH]<<= roiuehtos tmo cyceos dl tmns prdcoss ht h cdfiurh`eo lroquofcy, moro sot td 3;; gMz `y P0?. Rmns roiuehtndf ns `hsob df tmo dutput vdethio vnh bnvnbor P03 / P0<, tdiotmor wntm tmo curroft ffdwnfi nf tmo nfbuctdr, nfbuctdr, johsurob hcrdss P02. Rmo +80 \ dutput vdethio nfovnth`ey cdfthnfs mnim-lroquofcy rnppeo buo td tmo ropohtob cmhrinfi hfb bnscmhrinfi dl C0>. Rmns rnppeo ns mdwovor mdwovor bdjnfhtob `y tmo vheuo dl nts oqunvheoft sornos rosnsthfco (OSP) hfb tmo mnim-lroquofcy currofts ffdwnfi tmrduim nt. Rmns ns
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wmy phrtncuehr chro just `o thgof wmof cmddsnfi tmns chphcntdr. Jdtdr N„vo cmdsof h `rusmeoss jdtdr lrdj tmo OC Leht sornos `y Jhxdf. Cdjphrob td h trhbntndfhe BC jdtdr, tmo h`sofco dl `rusmos hvdnbs tmo hssdcnhtob oeoctrdjhifotnc fdnso hfb projhturo jocmhfnche wohr. Ymht„s jdro, tmns jdboe heedws `ottor pdwor cdfvorsndf. Mdwovor, nts wnrnfi hfb cdftrde edinc hro jdro cdjpeox. ^du chf„t aust mddg tmns jdtdr up td h pdwor sdurco1 nt just `o pdworob nf tmroo pmhsos, swntcmnfi tmonr jhifotnc ffux ht h procnso rdthtndfhe rhto dl tmo rdtdr. Mofco hf oeoctrdfnc systoj ns focosshry td suporvnso tmo soquofco nf wmncm tmo wnfbnfis hro pdworob. Rmns ns tmo rdeo dl tmo E<03? (NC3), wmncm cdfthnfs hee tmo e dinc ldr brnvnfi tmns jdtdr, nfceubnfi tmo pdwor trhfsnstdrs. Nt mhs h sot dl snjpeo N/Ds1 • Lwb/Pov 1 rdthtndf bnroctndf whftob • @rhgo @rhgo11 ofh`eos tmo oeoctrdjhifotnc `rhgnfi lufctndf (tmns ns wmht ofh`eos tmo pofbueuj td aujp) • Of Of11 hctnvhtos tmo rdthtndf dl tmo jdtdr • \rol 1 hfhedi nfput ldr soeoctnfi tmo enjntnfi vheuo ldr tmo curroft suppenob td tmo jdtdr • Bnhi Bnhi11 snifhe wmof n ftorfhe prdtoctndf ns trnppob • Rhcmd Rhcmd11 boenvors thcmdjotor puesos. Rmo cdfvorsndf dl h [YJ snifhe nftd hf hfhedi vdethio vnh tmo edw-phss lnetor ldrjob `y P80, P83, hfb C89 jhgos nt pdssn`eo td bofo tmo enjnt vheuo ldr tmo tdrquo. Rmo cdffoctndf td tmo jdtdr„s tmroo pmhsos ns jhbo vnh dutputs Dut8 Dut8 td td Dut3,, wmneo tmo pdsntndf snifhes lrdj tmo Dut3 jdtdr„s Mhee-ooct sofsdrs hro bocdbob vnh nfputs M8 td M3 M3.. Rmo NC cmocgs tmo curroft brhwf `y tmo jdtdr `y johsurnfi nt hcrdss rosnstdrs P=–P88 hfb cdjphrnfi nt wntm tmo sotpdnft bofob df \rol . Rmns cnrcunt jhgos nt pdssn`eo td cdrroctey
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Rmo drninfhe [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg whs prosoftob nf tmo Fdvoj`or 0;82 nssuo dl Oeogtdr jhihznfo. Nt roconvob tnjo snifhes lrdj h Jhostrd H0;3?M I[S roconvor jdbueo ldr vory mnim mn im hccurhcy. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, tmo tnjo whs bnspehyob wntm ldur Fnxno tu`os, wntmdut tmo socdfbs. Nt turfs dut tmht tmoro ns nftorost nf h vorsndf dl tmns I[S-brnvof cedcg tmht hesd smdws tmo socdfbs, wmncm johfs h cedcg wntm h snx-bnint bnspehy. Nf prnfcnpeo tmht„s porloctey pdssn`eo, hfb tmo sdltwhro (ovof nf vorsndf 0) herohby nfceubos cdbo ldr tmns. Mdwovor, h 0=-pnf [NC8=L02=; jncrdcdftrdeeor whs usob nf tmo Oeogtdr vorsndf dl tmo drninfhe [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg, hfb nt bdos fdt mhvo ofduim N/D pnfs td bnroctey brnvo twd hbbntndfhe Fnxno tu`os.
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td `o d`thnfob `y bnvnbnfi bdwf. Rmo [NC jncrdcdftrdeeor brnvos hf dptndfhe nfbnchtdr EOB (EOB8) tmht `enfgs `rnoffy hltor h rosot hfb tmof ffhsmos ohcm tnjo h vhenb I[S strnfi ns roconvob. Nl tmns EOB E OB ns cdfsthftey ent, tmoro ns h prd`eoj sdjowmoro. Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor chf `o prdirhjjob nf cnrcunt vnh cdffoctdr G8, usnfi h [NCgnt 0 dr [NCgnt 3 prdirhjjor (soo tmo [rdirhjjnfi [ntlhees nfsot). [ntlhees nfsot). Aujpor A[8 botorjnfos wmotmor h eohbnfi zord ns bnspehyob (fd eohbnfi zord wntm A8 djnttob, eohbnfi zord wntm A8 ttob). Rmo I[S jdbueo JDB8 (H0;3?M) cdfthnfs hee tmo oeoctrdfncs foobob td roconvo
jduftob `otwoof tmo mdurs, jnfutos hfb socdfbs soijofts, ohcm brnvof `y nts dwf trhfsnstdr. Rmo Fnxno tu`os nf tmo drninfhe cedcg hro ropehcob moro `y NF-80 tu`os. Rmoy smdueb `o ohsnor td d`thnf hfb eoss oxpofsnvo tmhf tmo NF-82 tu`os usob nf tmo drninfhe cedcg. Rmo NF-80 tu`os hro hesd pnf cdjphtn`eo wntm dtmor dvhe-smhpob tu`os, sucm hs tmo QJ88;; hfb tmo CB?<. Rmo fow typo ns h tdp-vnow tu`o, sd wo put tmo Fnxno tu`os df tmonr dwf [C@, sophrhtob lrdj tmo jhnf `dhrb. Rmht why nt chf `o usob bnroctey hs h lrdft phfoe. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, tmns hesd jhgos nt ohsnor td t d `uneb
I[S snifhes, hs woee hs hf hftoffh. Rmo I[S jdbueo dporhtos ht 3.3 \ hfb tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor dporhtos ht ? \, sd eovoe cdfvortors (cdfsnstnfi dl LORs R< hfb R9 wntm rosnstdrs P8=/P8> hfb P08/P00) hro nfceubob nf tmo bhth enfos `otwoof tmo twd. Yo cmdso tmo custdjhry 92828 NCs td brnvo tmo Fnxno tu`os, hetmduim tmoso bovncos hro fdw vory bnfficuet td d`thnf. Hf hetorfhtnvo ns td uso tmo Pussnhf G8??NB8 bovncos. Rmo tofs dl mdurs bnint (\8) ns brnvof `y h trnpeot dl trhfsnstdrs (dfo ohcm ldr ;, 8 hfb 0) nfstohb dl h sophrhto NC. Sjhee fodf ehjps hro
ydur dwf bnspehy jdbueo df h pnoco dl porl`dhrb dr td uso dtmor tu`os wntm h bnoroft pnf ehydut. Rmo bnspehy `dhrb ns cdffoctob td tmo jhnf `dhrb tmrduim snx `dx mohbors. Rmo cnrcunt chf `o pdworob lrdj hf HC hbhptor wntm hf dutput vdethio dl > td 8? \. Rmo mnim vdethio suppey ldr tmo Fnxno tu`os ns prdvnbob `y h stop-up cdfvortor `unet hrdufb hf JC32;<3 (NC9). Rmo ffy`hcg vdethio lrdj tmo nfbuctdr (E8) ns roctnob `y h lhst bndbo (B8) hfb stdrob nf h mnim-vdethio chphcntdr (C8;). (C8;). Nl tmo loob`hcg phtm td pnf ? ns nftorruptob, tmo suppey vdethio chf rnso td h vory mnim
Jdro pnfs Dfo sdeutndf td tmns bneojjh wdueb `o td uso N0C oxphfbors, `ut tmht wdueb jhgo tmo cnrcunt tdd cdjpeox ldr dur thsto. Nfstohb wo dptob td uso h [NC jncrdcdftrdeeor nf h 2;-pnf phcghio, tmo [NC8=L220;. Nt ns fdt oxpofsnvo hfb ns rohbney hvhneh`eo. Hee tmo pdrts mhvo `hsncheey rojhnfob tmo shjo, hetmduim sdjo dl tmo pnf fuj`ors mhvo cmhfiob buo td tmo bnoroft pnf cduft. Rmo scmojhtnc bnhirhj dl tmo upbhtob cedcg nf Lniuro 8 smdws 8 smdws tmo fow jncrdcdftrdeeor jncrdcdftrdeeor nf lhjnenhr surrdufbnfis, wntm vory entteo cmhfiob nf tmo rost dl tmo cnrcunt hsnbo lrdj tmo twd hbbntndfhe Fnxno tu`os hfb hssdcnhtob brnvo cnrcuntry. cnrcuntr y. [drt B ns fow moro. Sovof pnfs dl tmns pdrt hro usob td brnvo tmo bocdbors ldr tmo socdfbs bnspehy. Rmo rojhnfnfi pnf ns usob ldr hf hbbntndfhe fodf ehjp tmht sophrhtos tmo jnfutos lrdj tmo socdfbs. Hfdtmor upbhto Hedfi wntm roquosts ldr bnspehynfi tmo socdfbs, tmoro woro jhfy cdjjofts h`dut tmo lnxob tnjo zdfo sottnfi (IJR+8) ldr Coftrhe Ourdpo. Rmns cdueb dfey `o cmhfiob nf tmo sdurco cdbo ldr tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor, cdftrdeeor, wmncm whs hbjnttobey fdt ospocnheey cdfvofnoft. Yntm tmo fow vorsndf dl tmo [rocnso Fnxno Cedcg, tmo tnjo zdfo chf `o sot wntm h `uttdf (S8) hltor h rosot. Scmojhtnc Eot„s mhvo h quncg eddg ht tmo scmojhtnc. Rmo [NC8=L220; rohbs tmo tnjo bhth lrdj tmo I[S jdbueo hfb brnvos tmo Fnxno tu`os. Rmo cedcg lroquofcy dl 00.88=2 JMz heedws tmo sornhe `nt rhto ldr tmo 2=;;-`hub dutput dl tmo I[S jdbueo
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Bolhuet1 ?%, 0?; jY P8,P0,P2,P?,P0?,P0< : 09gℬ P<,P9,P>,P8;,P88,P82,P8?,P8=,P8>,P0;,P08 ,P00 : 8;gℬ P3,P83,P02 : 29;gℬ P=,P03 : 3.3gℬ P80 : 8gℬ P8< : 8?;� P89 : ?.
Chphcntdrs C8 : 0.0�L, ?;\, 0jj eohb pntcm C0,C2,C?,C<,C9,C83–C89 : 8;;fL, ?;\, 0;% C3 : <=;pL, 8;;\, ^?[, 0.?jj eohb pntcm C=,C> : 00pL, ?;\, C;I/F[;, 0.?jj eohb pntcm C8; : 8;�L, 0?;\, 0;%, rhbnhe, ?jj eohb pntcm C88,C80 : 8;;�L, 0?\, 3.?jj eohb pntcm
Sojncdfbuctdrs B8 : @^\0< B0 : 8F2;;2 EOB8 : EOB, ffht mohb, rob, 3jj R8,R0,R3,R2,R= : J[SH20 R? : S[[0;F<;C3 R<,R9 : 0F9;;; NC8,NC0,NC3,NC=,NC> : G8??NB8 (92828) NC2 : [NC8=L220;, prdirhjjob, Oeogtdr Stdro # 8?;8=>-28 NC? : E[0>?;-33 NC< : 9=;? NC9 : JC32;<3
G3,G?,G9,G>,G88,G83 : 8;-why (0x?) pnfmohbor rocopthceo, vortnche G2,G<,G=,G8;,G80,G82 : 8;-why (0x?) pnfmohbor, rnimt hfieob EH8,EH0 : fodf ehjp, wnrob, R8.8/2 JDB8 : H0;3?M I[S jdbueo wntm nftorfhe hftoffh S8 : S[BR rdcgor swntcm, 0;\, ;.2\H \8–\< : NF-80 Fnxno-tu`o ]8 : 00.88=2JMz quhrtz crysthe Aujpors ldr A[8 [C@ fd. 8?;8=>-8 \8.8 (Oeogtdr Stdro) BC-cdffoctdr ldr nf-chso jduftnfi1 [C;8; (www.tjo.ou/of/bothnes/pc-;8;/ (www.tjo.ou/of/bothnes/pc-;8;/ bc-pdwor-cdffoctdrs)) bc-pdwor-cdffoctdrs
Jnscoeehfodus A[8 : 0-pnf pnfmohbor G8 : <-pnf pnfmohbor, ;.8„„ pntcm G0 : 0-why [C@ scrow torjnfhe `edcg ;.0„„ pntcm
Lniuro 0. Yo dptob ldr h `ehcg [C@, wmncm jhgos h jucm `ottor `hcgirdufb ldr tmo Fnxno tu`os hfb invos tmo cedcg h fncoey fnsmob hppohrhfco.
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eovoe, pdtoftnheey eohbnfi td hf oxpedbnfi chphcntdr. ^du smdueb tmoroldro chrolueey cmocg tmo nftoirnty dl tmo loob`hcg phtm `oldro hppeynfi pdwor td tmo cnrcunt. Rmo 8=; \ suppey vdethio ns lob td tmo hfdbos dl tmo Fnxno tu`os tmrduim rosnstdrs P8, P0, P2, P?, P0? hfb P0<. Nl ydu uso h bnoroft typo dl Fnxno tu`o, tmo vheuos dl tmoso rosnstdrs foob td `o hbaustob td d`thnf tmo cdrroct rhtob curroft. Rmo suppey vdethios ldr tmo rost dl tmo cnrcuntry hro prdvnbob `y h phnr dl vdethio roiuehtdr NCs1 h 9=;? (NC<) suppenos ? \ ldr tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor hfb tmo brnvor NCs, hfb hf E[0>?;-33 suppenos 3.3 \ ldr tmo I[S jdbueo.
I[S tnjo hcqunsntndf Fdt jucm mhs cmhfiob df tmo sdltwhro snbo. Oxcopt dl cdurso tmht tmoro„s hf hbbob rdutnfo ldr sottnfi tmo tnjo zdfo, hfb tmo thriot bovnco ldr ioforhtnfi tmo mox cdbo ns h [NC8=L220;. Hs usuhe, tmo sdurco cdbo hfb mox cdbo chf `o bdwfedhbob lrdj tmo jhihznfo wo`snto W8Z. Nl ydu chf„t prdirhj tmo bovnco ydursoel dr bdf„t whft td, ydu chf drbor h pro-prdirhjjob [NC8=L220; lrdj tmo Oeogtdr Stdro W0Z. Ldr tmo shgo dl cdjpeotofoss, eot„s wheg tmrduim tmo sdltwhro hihnf. Rmo I[S bhth hcqunsntndf prdcoss sthrts wntm tmo I[S strnfi I[PJC dutput `y tmo I[S jdbueo. Rmo nfntnhenzhtndf rdutnfo cdfiuros tmo jdbueo td sofb tmns strnfi, hee `y ntsoel, dfco por socdfb. Hee dtmor I[S strnfis hro bnsh`eob. Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor pdees tmo PS030 roconvo `ullor td cmocg ldr fow bhth. Rmo nftorfhe whtcmbdi goops hf oyo df tmns, hfb nl tmo PS030 bhth strohj bdos fdt sthrt ffdwnfi
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Hvhneh`eo Hvhneh` eo prdbucts H phrts gnt, hf ofcedsuro, h [C@ hfb h proprdirhjjob jncrdcdftrdeeor hro hvhneh`eo ldr tmns prdaoct. Rmo phrts gnt nfceubos tmo Fnxno tu`os, ohcm dl wmncm mhs `oof jhfuheey tostob nf h xturo spocncheey bosnifob ldr tmns purpdso (soo pmdtd).
hltor sthrtup, nt rosots tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor hltor h`dut 8 jnfuto. EOB8 ns ent burnfi tmns 8-jnfuto nftorvhe. Dfco h vhenb strnfi ns roconvob, tmo PS030 bhth enfo ns stnee jdfntdrob `ut nf h bnoroft jhffor. Moro hihnf, nl tmo EOB ns cdfsthftey ent tmoro ns h prd`eoj. Dfco bhth ns roconvob, tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor cmocgs wmotmor nt ns h I[S strnfi hfb tmof wrntos tmo oftnro strnfi td jojdry hltor h chrrnhio roturf (CP) cmhrhctor ns roconvob. Rmof tmo cmocgsuj dl tmo roconvob strnfi ns checuehtob hfb cdjphrob td tmo cmocgsuj nf tmo strnfi. Nl tmo cmocgsujs jhtcm, tmo bhth ns n s cdfsnborob vhenb. Fdw tmo dsot ldr tmo cdrroct sujjor dr wnftor tnjo chf `o checuehtob. Eddg-up th`eos hro usob td botorjnfo tmo bhtos ldr
cmhfinfi `otwoof sujjor hfb wnftor tnjo. Rmoso th`eos cdvor tmo yohrs up td hfb nfceubnfi 0;0;. Lnfheey, tmo tnjo bhth ns cdfvortob nftd moxhbocnjhe fdthtndf wntm sophrhto vhrnh`eos ldr mdurs, jnfutos hfb socdfbs. Rmoro hesd usob td `o h cdfvorsndf lrdj HSCNN td @CB td jhgo tmo sdltwhro cdjphtn`eo wntm tmo hutmdr„s provndus vorsndfs. Nf tmodry wo fdw mhvo h vhenb I[S tnjo, `ut tmoro ns h `nt dl hf nssuo moro nl wo whft td bnspehy tmo tnjo wntm socdfbs. Rmo I[S strnfi bopofbs df tmo rocoptndf cdfbntndfs, wmncm chf vhry lrdj dfo pehco td tmo foxt, sd nt„s pdssn`eo ldr tmo strnfi td dcchsndfheey bnshppohr. Rmht ns ioforheey fdt fdtncoh`eo nl ydu dfey smdw mdurs hfb jnfutos, `ut nl ydu smdw socdfbs tmo bnspehy wnee mnccup ovory tnjo h strnfi idos jnssnfi. Rd iot hrdufb tmns, h rohetnjo cedcg ns njpeojoftob usnfi h [NC tnjor. tnjor. Rmns nftorfhe cedcg ns brnvof `y
Lniuro 3. Hee cdjpdfofts oxcopt tmo I[S jdbueo hro eohbob typos, wmncm jhgos `dhrb hssoj`ey roehtnvoey ohsy.
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[rdirhjjnfi [ntlhees Hccdrbnfi td Jncrdcmnp, tmo [NCgnt 0 hfb tmo [NCgnt 3 `dtm suppdrt tmo [NC8=L220;. Rmo [NCgnt 3 wdrgob porloctey ldr prdirhjjnfi dur prdtdtypo. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, wntm tmo [NCgnt 0 nt ns fdt pdssn`eo td pdwor tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor lrdj tmo prdirhjjor. Hetmduim tmht„s fdt h sorndus prd`eoj `ochuso ydu chf hewhys uso tmo cnrcunt„s dwf pdwor suppey, tmo quostndf rojhnfs1 wmy fdt4 Rd jhgo h edfi stdry smdrt1 nl ydu pdwor tmo cnrcunt lrdj hf oxtorfhe pdwor suppey, tmo [NCgnt 0 wdrgs dghy. Hfb dfco nt ns wdrgnfi, ydu chf ovof bnscdffoct tmo oxtorfhe pdwor suppey. Rmht eddgs engo h `ui nf tmo [NCgnt 0 sdltwhro. Jncrdcmnp fd edfior suppdrts tmht prdirhjjor, hfb wo just hbjnt tmht wo bnb fdt scdur tmo Yo` ldr h sdeutndf. Dfo dtmor entteo tnp1 ydu chf„t cdffoct tmo prdirhjjor bnroctey td tmo NS[ mohbor df tmo `dhrb, `ochuso tmo ? \ vdethio roiuehtdr hfb nts `uor chphcntdr hro nf tmo why. Rmns chf `o sdevob `y sdebornfi h snx-pnf eofitm dl SNE pnf strnp td h rnimthfieo mohbor td jhgo h mhfby hbhptor tmht ts porloctey `otwoof tmo NS[ mohbor hfb tmo prdirhjjor (soo Lniuro 2) 2).
Lniuro 2. Rd cdffoct tmo prdirhjjor td tmo `dhrb, wo jhbo h mhfby hbhptor lrdj h rnimt-hfieo mohbor hfb h eofitm dl SNE pnf strnp.
Rh`eo 8. Rnjo zdfo sottnfis IJR : ;
IJR
IJR : 8>
IJR – 9
IJR : 8
IJR + 8 (bolhuet vheuo)
IJR : 0;
IJR – =
IJR : 0
IJR + 0
IJR : 08
IJR – >
IJR : 3
IJR + 3
IJR : 00
IJR – 8;
IJR : 2
IJR + 2
IJR : 03
IJR – 88
IJR : ?
IJR + ?
IJR : 02
IJR – 80
IJR : <
IJR + <
IJR : 0?
IJR + 313;
IJR : 9
IJR + 9
IJR : 0<
IJR + 213;
IJR : =
IJR + =
IJR : 09
IJR + ?13;
IJR : >
IJR + >
IJR : 0=
IJR + ?12?
IJR : 8;
IJR + 8;
IJR : 0>
IJR + <13;
IJR : 88
IJR + 88
IJR : 3;
IJR + =12?
IJR : 80
IJR + 80
IJR : 38
IJR + >13;
IJR : 83
IJR – 8
IJR : 30
IJR + 8;13;
IJR : 82
IJR – 0
IJR : 33
IJR + 8813;
IJR : 8?
IJR – 3
IJR : 32
IJR + 8012?
IJR : 8<
IJR – 2
IJR : 3?
IJR – 313;
IJR : 89
IJR – ?
IJR : 3<
IJR – 213;
IJR : 8=
IJR – <
IJR : 39
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hf nftorrupt eddp trniiorob ht hf nftorvhe dl oxhctey ?; js. Rmns nftorvhe mhs td `o hbaustob vory procnsoey wntm tmo hctuhe crysthe, `ochuso tmo bovnhtndf just gopt td hf h`sdeuto jnfnjuj. Rmo ?; js pueso snifhe chf `o soof df pnf pn f < dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor (PH2). Nf tmo sdltwhro tmoro hro twd tnjo vhrnh`eos1 [NCTMP ldr tmo tnjo ioforhtob `y tmo [NC, hfb I[STMP ldr tmo tnjo lrdj tmo I[S strnfi. Rmo nftorfhe cedcg sthrts ht ;;1;;1;;, sd nt mhs td whnt uftne h vhenb I[S strnfi mhs `oof roconvob. Rmht chf sdjotnjos thgo h iddb wmneo. Dfco h vhenb strnfi ns roconvob, tmo [NC tnjo ns syfcmrdfnzob td nt hfb tmo nftorfhe cedcg sthrts ruffnfi, brnvof `y tmo nftorrupt eddp. Foxt h buhe cmocgnfi jocmhfnsj ns ehufcmob td cdftnfudusey jdfntdr tmo sth`nenty dl I[S rocoptndf. Ohcm I[S strnfi ns hfheyzob, hfb nl nt ns ldufb td `o cdrroct nt ns shvob nf h rnfi `uor wntm rddj ldr tof tnjo shjpeos. Ohcm tnjo shjpeo cdfsnsts dl tmroo `ytos `ochuso tmo tnjo vheuos hro tmo `nfhry oqunvheoft dl tmo fuj`or dl socdfbs snfco jnbfnimt, wntm h jhxnjuj vheuo dl =<,2;; (02 Ù <; Ù <;). Rmo fowost tnjo shjpeo ns hewhys nfsortob nf tmo toftm pdsntndf, chusnfi hee tmo oftrnos nf tmo `uor td smnlt up `y dfo pdsntndf hfb tmo debost tnjo shjpeo (nf pdsntndf 8) td `o bnschrbob. Nl tmo I[S bhth strohj ns porloctey cdfsthft, tmo bnorofco `otwoof tmo debost hfb fowost shjpeos wnee `o oxhctey > socdfbs. Nf tmht chso tmo ffhi I[STSRH@EO I[STSRH@EO ns sot. Ht tmns pdnft wo chf hssujo tmht tmo I[S tnjo ns cdrroct hfb chf `o usob td syfcmrdfnzo tmo [NC tnjo. Rmns syfcmrdfnzhtndf dccurs ht eohst dfco por mdur. Rmo nftorrupt rduto sofbs h syfc roquost wmof tmo [NC tnjo n s xx1;;13;. Nl tmo I[S snifhe ns sth`eo, tmo [NC tnjo ns sot oquhe td tmo I[S tnjo. Rmns syfcmrdfnzhtndf tnjo pdnft whs cmdsof sd tmht hfy cdrroctndf tmht jhy `o focosshry chf dfey `o soof nf tmo socdfbs, fdt nf tmo jnfutos dr mdurs. Nfcnboftheey, nf tmo hutmdr„s oxpornofco wntm vhrndus cedcgs mo mhs `unet tmo bovnhtndf mhs fovor `oof jdro tmhf 8 socdfb nl tmo nftorrupt eddp tnjnfi ns hbaustob td procnsoey ?; js. Mdwovor, tmns mdurey syfcmrdfnzhtndf ns fdt hewhys sufficnoft. [hrtncuehrey burnfi sthrtup, tmo I[S jdbueo chf stu``drfey nfsnst df dutputtnfi tmo wrdfi tnjo. Hltor sthrtup nt chf ioforhto h vhenb strnfi, dltof wntmdut cddrbnfhto bhth, tmht ns tdtheey bnoroft lrdj tmo cdrroct tnjo, hfb nf jhfy chsos nt bdos tmns porsnstoftey. Rmht ns vory hffdynfi `ochuso tmns nfcdr-
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roct tnjo ns usob hs tmduim nt woro cdrroct, hfb nf tmo wdrst chso nt chf thgo h mdur `oldro tmo tnjo ns sot rnimt. Rmns ns provoftob `y h socdfb cmocgnfi jocmhfnsj, wmncm hesd hvdnbs tmo nssuo dl vory njprocnso nftorrupt eddps. Rmo oehpsob socdfbs (hs h tmroo`yto `nfhry vheuo) hro hesd cdjputob lrdj tmo [NC tnjo ovory socdfb. Dfco tmo I[S snifhe ns sth`eo hfb hs edfi hs nt rojhnfs sth`eo, tmo bnorofco `otwoof tmo I[S socdfbs hfb tmo [NC socdfbs ns checuehtob. Nl tmns bnorofco ns irohtor tmhf 3 (hf hr`ntrhrney cmdsof vheuo), tmo [NC tnjo ns syfcmrdfnzob td tmo I[S tnjo. Hetmduim tmns jotmdb jhy hppohr cdjpenchtob, nf prhctnco nt wdrgs porloctey ldr h edfi tnjo. Rmo fodf ehjp `otwoof tmo mdurs hfb jnfutos soctndfs nfbnchtos tmo roenh`nenty dl tmo I[S snifhe. Nl nt ns `enfgnfi dr cdfsthftey ent, ovorytmnfi ns dghy. Nl nt idos bhrg, tmo cedcg ns ruffnfi oftnroey df nts nftorfhe snifhe `ochuso fd vhenb I[S strnfi mhs `oof roconvob ldr h edfi tnjo (h`dut 3; socdfbs), wmncm johfs tmht tmo tnjo jhy `o nfhccurhto.
Dporhtndf Hetmduim tmo cedcg roconvos tmo tnjo snifhe lrdj tmo I[S jdbueo hutdjhtncheey, tmoro hro h low tmnfis tmht mhvo td `o sot jhfuheey. ^du chf uso `uttdf S8 td ofh`eo dr bnsh`eo hutdjhtnc sujjor/wnftor tnjo hfb td soeoct tmo tnjo zdfo. Rd bd tmns, rst rosot tmo cedcg `y bnscdffoctnfi pdwor hfb tmof rocdffoctnfi nt. Yntmnf ? socdfbs, pross S8. Fdw tmo eoltjdst Fnxno tu`o smdws tmo curroft sujjor/wnftor tnjo sottnfi1 ―;‚ johfs tmht tmo tnjo ns fdt hutdjhtncheey hbaustob ldr sujjor hfb wnftor tnjo. ^du chf cmhfio tmns td ―8‚ wntm S8, sd tmht tmo cedcg hutdjhtncheey hbausts ldr sujjor hfb wnftor tnjo. Yhnt uftne tmo rst tu`o sthrts td `enfg, hfb tmof pross S8 hihnf. Fdw tmo twd jnfutos tu`os smdw h fuj`or `otwoof ; hfb 39, wmncm nfbnchtos tmo soeoctob tnjo zdfo (soo Rh`eo 8). 8). ^du chf scrdee tmrduim tmo hvhneh`eo sottnfis wntm S8.
Hltor ydu stdp prossnfi S8 ldr h low socdfbs, tmo soeoctob vheuo ns shvob nf tmo OO[PDJ hfb tmo cedcg sthrts ruffnfi wntm tmo cdfiurob sottnfis. Nl ydu mhvo cdfiurob tmo cedcg td fdt hutdjhtncheey hbaust ldr sujjor hfb wnftor tnjo, ydu chf sot tmo tnjo ldrwhrb dfo mdur `y `rnoffy prossnfi S8 (dfo mdur ldr ohcm `uttdf pross). ^du wnee soo tmo tnjo cmhfio hltor h boehy dl h`dut 8; socdfbs.
soel. Jduftnfi tmo cdjpdfofts ns roehtnvoey ohsy. Rmoro ns h vnbod ht W3Z tmht smdws ydu mdw td hssoj`eo tmo `dhrbs. Hee dl tmo cdjpdfofts oxcopt tmo I[S jdbueo (Lniuro (Lniuro 3) 3) hro eohbob typos. Rmo I[S jdbueo mhs sjhee sdebor phbs tmht mhvo td `o sdeborob td jhtcmnfi phbs df tmo [C@. [ C@. Mdwovor, Mdwovor, tmns ns fdt ospocnheey bnfficuet nl ydu uso h sdebornfi nrdf wntm h fo tnp. Rmo irdufb pehfos df tmo `dttdj dl tmo jdbueo bd fdt focosshrney mhvo td `o sdeborob td tmo `dhrb. Rmht chf dfey `o bdfo wntm h roffdw sdebornfi dvof. Ymof jduftnfi tmo cdjpdfofts, sthrt wntm tmo edw-prdeo phrts hfb wdrg ydur why up td tmo mnim-prdlneo phrts. Rmo vdethio roiuehtdr NCs bd fdt foob moht snfgs. ^du smdueb `o chrolue wntm tmo Fnxno tu`os `ochuso tmoy hro lhnrey lrhineo hfb tmo eohbs hro qunto tmnf. Spocnhe sdcgots hro hvhneh`eo td jduft tmoj jdro sturbney df tmo `dhrb, `ut tmoso hro dptndfhe. Lnrst trnj tmo eohbs nf h stop phttorf (`ut fdt tdd smdrt), hfb tmof nfsort tmoj nftd tmo mdeos nf tmo `dhrb dfo ht h tnjo. Sdebor dfo eohb nf pehco, henif tmo tu`o sd tmht nt ns oxhctey vortnche, hfb tmof sdebor tmo rojhnfnfi eohbs td tmo `dhrb. Ymof ovorytmnfi ns fnsmob, ydu chf cdffoct hf HC hbhptor td tmo `dhrb (80 \ / 8 H ns h iddb cmdnco). Yhnt uftne tmo I[S jdbueo d`thnfs iddb rocoptndf, tmof snt `hcg hfb hbjnro tmo hccurhcy hfb httrhctnvo hppohrhfco dl ydur fow cedcg. Rmo vdethio df tmo tu`os ns lhnrey mnim, sd wo strdfiey rocdjjofb tmht ydu t tmo cedcg nf h sunth`eo ofcedsuro. (8?;8=>)
Yo` enfgs W8Z [C@ ehydut, sdurco cdbo hfb mox cdbo1 www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;8=>
Cdfstructndf Lniuro 0 smdws 0 smdws tmo [C@ ldr tmo Fnxno cedcg (hvhneh`eo lrdj W0Z). @dtm ehyduts hro pehcob df h snfieo `dhrb. Rmht ns eoss cdstey tmhf twd nfbnvnbuhe [C@s, `ut ydu wnee mhvo td sophrhto tmoj ydur-
W0Z [rdbucts nf tmo Oeogtdr Stdro1 www. oeogtdr.cdj/8?;8=> W3Z @dhrb hssoj`ey vnbod1 mttps1//ydutu. `o/pTreR]^\sPX
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Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor (0) Sdltwhro hfb jhtms hro ydur lrnofbs
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Nf tmo provndus nfsthejoft W8Z wo prosoftob tmo mhrbwhro dl tmns cdjphct nfstrujoft tmht cdj`nfos hf dscneedscdpo, spoctruj hfheyzor hfb snifhe ioforhtdr nf dfo edw-cdst systoj. Rmns tnjo wo thgo h cedsor eddg fdt dfey ht tmo sdltwhro tmht jhgos nt hee wdrg, `ut hesd ht tmo jhtms tmht jhbo tmns tdde pdssn`eo nf tmo rst pehco.
Nf tmns nfstheejoft wo wnee rst eddg ht tmo sdltwhro dl `dtm tmo jncrdprdcossdr hfb tmo [C. Entteo `y entteo sdjo jhtmojhtnche prnfcnpeos wnee `o nftrdbucob td trhfsldrj ydu nf h bninthe snifhe prdcossnfi oxport.
FCSH goy lohturos • Cdjphct dscneedscdpo, spoctruj spoctruj hfheyzor hfb snifhe ioforhtdr • Shjpenfi rhto up td 8 JMz • Suppdrts su`shjpenfi • Nfput snifhe jhx.1 ; b@j b@j (;.00? \PJS) • Sofsntnvnty1 –=; b@j (00.? (00.? �\PJS) • Otmorfot cdffoctndf cdffoctndf • Dpof sdurco
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
Otmorfot cdjjufnchtndf Eot„s mhvo eddg ht mdw tmo Otmorfot cdjjufnchtndf ns hccdjpensmob. Df tmo jncrdprdcossdr ofb dl tmo cdjjufnchtndf, tmo ndEn`rhryT@SB brnvors hro usob td mhfbeo tmo Y??;; cdjjufnchtndf cdjjufnchtndf W0Z. Nf drbor td uso tmoso brnvors, ldur lufctndfs mhb td `o wrnttof td cdftrde tmo bs[NC33„s S[N pornpmorhe tmht thegs td tmo Y??;;. Rmo C cdbo td hccdjpensm tmns ns smdwf moro1 // Bocehro Y??;; brnvor S[N Lufctndfs roiTwnzcmnpTcsTc`lufc(wnzcmnpT soeoct, wnzcmnpTbos wnzcmnpTbosoeoct)7 oeoct)7
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roiTwnzcmnpTspnTc`lufc(wnzcmnpT rohb, wnzcmnpTwrnt wnzcmnpTwrnto)7 o)7 //Lufctndfs vdnb
wnzcmnpTsoeoct(vdnb)
{ YNQCS : ;7 } vdnb
wnzcmnpTbosoeoct(vdnb)
{ YNQCS : 87 } vdnb
wnzcmnpTwrnto(unft=Tt wnzcmnpTwrnto (unft=Tt w`)
{ unft=Tt bujjy7 S[N8@_L : w`7 `ullor ldr R]
// wrnto td
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wmneo( !S[N8SRHR`nts.S[NP@L )7 // whnt ldr R] cdjpeoto bujjy : S[N8@_L7
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hee tmht ns foobob td phss cdjjhfbs hfb bhth `otwoof tmo [C hfb tmo hfheyzor„s Y??;;.
} unft=Tt wnzcmnpTrohb( wnzcmnpTrohb() ) { S[N8@_L : ;x;;7
// wrnto td
`ullor ldr R] wmneo( !S[N8SRHR`nt !S[N8SRHR`nts.S[NP@L s.S[NP@L )7 // whnt ldr R] cdjpeoto roturf S[N8@_L7
// rohb tmo
roconvob vheuos }
Dfco tmns ns bdfo, tmo cdjjufnchtndf `otwoof tmo Y??;; hfb tmo [C hro rohbney hccdjpensmob `y usnfi tmo rocv(sf,`ul,snzo) hfb sofb(sf,`ul,snzo) lufctndfs nfceubob nf tmo ndEn`rhryT @SB brnvors. Df tmo [C ofb dl tmo Otmorfot cdjjufnchtndf, tmo C# cdbo roqunrob td osth`ensm h cdffoctndf hfb phss cdjjhfbs/ bhth `hcg hfb ldrtm ns vory strhnimtldrwhrb. Ymof tmo [C hppenchtndf ns sthrtob nt cmocgs td soo wmncm dl tmo ldur N[ hbbrossos hro prosoft df tmo edche fotwdrg hfb usos tmo botoctob hbbross ldr hee su`soquoft cdjjufnchtndf. Nt ns njpdrthft tmht tmo usor peuis tmo hfheyzor nftd tmo fotwdrg rst hfb heedws h low socdfbs ldr tmo Y??;; td iot nfntnhenzob `oldro dpofnfi tmo [C hppenchtndf. Rmo [C hppenchtndf usos tmo RcpCenoft Cehss hvhneh`eo nf Ynfbdws td mhfbeo tmo cdjjufnchtndf. Moro ns tmo C# cdbo usob td jhgo tmo cdffoctndf `otwoof tmo [C hfb tmo Y??;;1
Snifhe ioforhtdrs Rmoro hro twd sophrhto snifhe ioforhtdrs hvhneh`eo td tmo usor. Dfo ns edchtob nf tmo �[ hfb ioforhtos hf hfhediuo snifhe utnenznfi Bnroct Bninthe Syftmosns (BBS). Nt chf `o usob hs h snjpeo snifhe sdurco ldr oxtorfhe hppenchtndfs dr lob `hcg nftd tmo hfheyzor„s nfput ldr hfheysns. Nt ns nfceubob jhnfey hs h johfs dl oxpornjoftnfi wntm tmo FCSH Systoj, hfb fdt johft td `o h ioforhe ropehcojoft ldr h cdjjorcnhe `ofcm snifhe ioforhtdr. Rmo dtmor snifhe ioforhtdr ns nf tmo [C hppenchtndf. Nt heedws tmo usor td ioforhto hrrhys dl fuj`ors roprosoftnfi vhrndus snifhe typos tmht chf `o vnowob hfb Ldurnor trhfsldrjob nf tmo [C hppenchtndf. Eot„s `rnoffy bnscuss tmo �[ `hsob BBS ioforhtdr rst. Eddgnfi ht tmo `edcg bnhirhj (Lniuro (Lniuro 8), 8), ydu soo h [ueso Ynbtm Jdbuehtdr ([YJ) htthcmob td h Edw-[hss Lnetor (E[L). Rmns cdj`nfhtndf hcts engo h bninthe-td-hfhedi bninthe-td-hfhedi cdfvortor. cdfvortor. Nl, ldr oxhjpeo, tmo buty cyceo dl tmo [YJ ns gopt cdfsthft tmo E[L dutput wdueb `o h BC vheuo. Nl wo vhry tmo buty cyceo td jhtcm tmo vhrynfi hjpentubo dl tmo whvoldrj wo whft td ioforhto, tmo E[L dutput wnee `o tmht whvoldrj. Rmo bs[NC33 [YJ ns ruffnfi ht l sys / 0?< : 80; Ù 8; < / 0?< : 2<=,9?; Mz Rmns ns hesd tmo BBS upbhto rhto. Dfco por [YJ cyceo wo checuehto tmo hjpentubo dl tmo bosnrob whvoldrj hfb tmof wo sot tmo [YJ buty cyceo td ioforhto tmht
hjpentubo. Rd soeoct tmo bosnrob vheuo ldr tmo [YJ buty cyceo wo uso h dfo cyceo whvoldrj eddgup th`eo. Yo snjpey soeoct tmo hjpentubo lrdj tmo th`eo tmht cdrrospdfbs td wmoro tmo bosnrob whvoldrj wdueb `o nf nts cyceo wmof tmo BBS upbhto dccurs hfb upbhto tmo buty cyceo hccdrbnfiey. H 30-`nt pmhso hccujuehtdr (BBSp nf tmo cdbo) ns usob td goop trhcg dl tmo pmhso dl tmo bosnrob whvoldrj. Dfco por BBS upbhto cyceo, tmo pmhso hccujuehtdr ns nfcrojoftob `y tmo pmhso nfcrojoft (BBSb nf tmo cdbo) tmht ns sot ldr tmo bosnrob whvoldrj lroquofcy. Rmo pmhso nfcrojoft ns checuehtob hs ldeedws1 [mhso nfcrojoft : 030 Ù LroquofcyBosnrob / BBS upbhto rhto Ldr oxhjpeo, nl ydu whftob h 8;,;;;-Mz (8;-gMz) snfo whvo, tmo pmhso nfcrojoft wdueb `o >8,<0?,><=. Rmns vheuo ns hbbob td tmo cdftofts dl tmo pmhso hccujuehtdr ht tmo BBS upbhto rhto. Rmoroldro tmo 30-`nt pmhso hccujuehtdr hccurhtoey trhcgs tmo pmhso dl tmo bosnrob whvoldrj ht hfy pdnft nf tnjo. Snfco mhvnfi h eddgup th`eo wntm 030 oftrnos nf PHJ ns prdmn`ntnvo, wo thgo tmo uppor = `nts dl tmo 30-`nt pmhso hccujuehtdr hfb uso nt hs tmo hbbross nftd tmo snfieo cyceo eddgup th`eo. Rmo FCSH sdurco cdbo heedws tmo usor td cmddso ontmor h snfo, squhro dr trnhfieo whvo hfb soeoct h lroquofcy rhto. rh to. Hf hj`ntndus usor cdueb ohsney jdbnly tmo sdurco cdbo td nfceubo dtmor whvoldrjs. Nfcnboftheey, dfo foobs td `o chrolue wmof soeoctnfi tmo cut-d lroquofcy dl tmo E[L edchtob ht tmo [YJ dutput. ^du ^du whft tmo cut-d td `o edw ofduim td hboquhtoey
vhr rosuet : cenoft. @oinfCdffoct(N[Hbbross. [hrso(nphbbross),2;;;,fuee,fuee)7 rosuet.HsyfcYhntMhfbeo.
Snfo Eddgup Rh`eo
_pbhto [YJ Buty Cyceo
YhntDfo(RnjoSphf. LrdjSocdfbs(8))7 LrdjSocdfbs( 8))7 //tnjodut nl fd
0??
[C@
Snifhe Ioforhtdr [YJ
E[L Dutput
t
nl (cenoft.Cdff (cenoft.Cdffoctob) octob) ;
{ cenoftStrohj : cenoft. IotStrohj()7
//iot h cenoft
strohj }
Hbbross
= `nts
02 `nts
[mhso Hccujuehtdr
+
Dfco tmo cdffoctndf ns osth`ensmob, tmo cenoftStrohj.Yrnto(Rx@ull,dllsot,snzo) lufctndf hfb cenoftStrohj. Pohb(Px@ull,dllsot,snzo) lufctndf hro
30 `nts
[mhso Nfcrojoft
Lniuro 8. @edcg bnhirhj dl tmo Bnroct Bninthe Syftmosns (BBS) snifhe ioforhtdr.
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{ chso 81 YhvoWnZ : (unft=Tt) (80=+809*snf(([N*n)/80=)+.?)7 //snfo `rohg7 chso 01 YhvoWnZ : (n580=) 4 0?? 1 ;7
// dfo cyceo squhro
`rohg7 chso 31 YhvoWnZ : h`s((n % 0?<) 0?<) - 80=)7
//dfo cyceo
trnhfieo `rohg7 } } // Checuehto tmo pmhso nfcrojoft BBSb
:
((LroquofcyBosnrob ((LroquofcyB osnrob *
pdw(0,30))/2<=9?;.;) + .?7
Lniuro 0. Ymht tmo _N smdws wmof tmo FCSH snifhe ioforhtdr ns sot td prdbuco h 8;-gMz snfo whvo. Nf tmns tost, tmo snifhe ioforhtdr „s dutput ns cdffoctob td tmo nfput dl tmo hfheyzor.
// Rnjor8 nftorrupt sorvnco rdutnfo vdnb TThttrn`uto TThttrn`utoTT((TTnftorru TT((TTnftorruptTT, ptTT,
sjddtm tmo [YJ puesos (rnppeo), `ut mnim ofduim td phss tmo snifhe ydu hro trynfi td ioforhto. Ldrtufhtoey tmoro ns hf dfenfo rosdurco W3Z hvhneh`eo tmht jhgos tmo bosnif prdcoss ohsy. Rmo E[L whs soeoctob td prnjhrney goop tmo rnppeo roehtnvoey sjhee. H ioforhtob squhro whvo smdws tmo E[L sjddtmnfi vory ceohrey. Hs tmo lroquofcy dl tmo squhro ns nfcrohsob, tmo obios hro rdufbob. Lniuro 0 smdws 0 smdws tmo _N wmof tmo FCSH snifhe ioforhtdr ns sot td prdbuco h 8;,;;;-Mz snfo whvo. Nf tmns tost, tmo snifhe ioforhtdr„s dutput ns cdffoctob td tmo nfput dl tmo hfheyzor. Rmo uppor pedt smdws tmo shjpeob snfo whvo. Nt eddgs protty rohsdfh`eo tmoro. @ut tmo spoctruj
smdws tmo snifhe quhenty nf jdro bothne. ^du chf soo tmo 8;,;;;-Mz snifhe pohg, `ut ydu hesd soo tmht tmoro hro dtmor spurndus cdjpdfofts prosoft. Rmoso bnstdrtndfs hro h`dut 2; b@ `oedw tmo bosnrob snifhe, mdwovor, mdwovor, wmncm ns vory hccopth`eo ldr h snjpeo ioforhtdr. @ut tmns stnee roprosofts bnstdrtndf. Rmo ldeedwnfi psoubd-cdbo smdws tmo ossoftnhe pnocos dl tmo BBS ioforhtdr. // Ioforhto h eddgup th`eo7 dfo cyceo dl tmo whvoldrj. ldr (n:;7 n50?<7 n++) { Swntcm (Px@ullW9Z)
// Soeocts
tmo typo dl snifhe td ioforhto.
Lniuro 3. H 8-gMz snfo whvo prdbucob `y tmo FCSH„s snifhe ioforhtdr hfb tmo spoctruj dl tmns snifhe hs checuehtob `y tmo [C hppenchtndf.
<<
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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fdThutdTpsv)) fdThutdTpsv) ) TR8Nftorrupt( TR8Nftorrupt(vdnb) vdnb) { [BC8 : YhvoW(BBSp66 YhvoW(BBSp6602)Z7 02)Z7 //bd th`eo eddgup usnfi uppor = `nts dl BBSp BBSp +: BBSb7
//nfcrojoft
pmhso hccujuehtdr NLS;`nts.R8NL NLS;`nts.R8N L : ;7
//Ceohr
Rnjor8 nftorrupt lehi }
Rmoro ns hesd h syftmotnc snifhe ioforhtdr `unet nftd tmo [C hppenchtndf. Rmoro hro ldur snifhe typos td cmddso lrdj nf tmo [C hppenchtndf, ldufb nf tmo lufctndf jyLLRYstu.cs. IoforhtoBhth nf tmo eo jyLLRYstu.cs. @ut, dfco hihnf, hf hj`ntndus usor cdueb ohsney hbb hfy bosnrob hr`ntrhry lufctndf td tmo sdurco cdbo nl bosnrob. Fdto tmht tmo syftmotnc squhro whvo (chso 0) ns nftoftndfheey fdt hf nbohe squhro whvo. N dptob td hpprdxnjhto h squhro whvo wntm tmo sujjhtndf dl vo snfusdnbs sd tmo oocts df tmo tnjo hfb lroquofcy roprosofthtndfs dl tmo snifhe cdueb `o d`sorvob.
Ldurnor trhfsldrj systoj Eot„s soo nl wo chf iot h entteo nfsnimt nftd wmht tmo Ldurnor trhfsldrj prdcoss ns hee h`dut. Ldurnor whs dfo dl tmo pndfoors tmht bovoedpob tocmfnquos ldr rocrohtnfi whvoldrjs `y sujjnfi vhrndus typos dl snfusdnbhe lufctndfs. Rmo Ldurnor trhfsldrj ns h johfs dl checuehtnfi tmo hjpentubos hfb pmhsos dl tmoso snfusdnbs. Nf dtmor wdrbs, tmo Ldurnor trhfsldrj `rohgs h snifhe bdwf nftd nts vhrndus snfusdnbhe cdjpdfofts. Rmo Bnscroto Ldurnor Rrhfs-
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ldrj (BLR) ns tmo shjpeob bhth systoj hpprdxnjhtndf td tmo Ldurnor Rrhfsldrj. Rmo ldeedwnfi ns tmo oquhtndf ldr tmo BLR heidrntmj1 Spoctruj ( j ) F ∐8
∘
f ; :
:
⎗ 0ϋ fj ⎖ F ∐8 ⎗ 0 ϋ fj ⎖ ⎔ ∐ a ∘ Ù(f )snf ⎕ ⎔ ⎚ F ⎫ f ; ⎚ F ⎫
(f )cds ⎕
Ù
:
wmoro1 x (f) (f) roprosofts tmo nfput bhth shjpeos7 F ns ns tmo tdthe fuj`or dl shjpeos7 f goops trhcg dl tmo nfbnvnbuhe shjpeos7 j goops trhcg dl tmo lroquofcy bdjhnf `nfs. Ldr ohcm j ydu iot h cdjpeox fuj`or dl tmo ldrj (h (h+ a`). a`). Nl ydu sthro ht nt edfi ofduim, ydu jnimt soo tmht tmo vheuos dl h hfb ` ldr ohcm j vheuo hro h sujjhtndf dl tmo shjpeob snifhe juetnpenob `y cdsnfos hfb snfos dl vhrndus lroquofcnos. Rmo jdro tmo shjpeob snifhe x (f) (f) ns snjnehr td tmo spocnc lroquofcy snfusdnb, tmo `niior tmo sujjhtndf wnee `o. Rmo jdro bnssnjnehr tmo x tmo x (f) (f) ns, tmo sjheeor tmo sujjhtndf. Rmo edwost lroquofcy cds/snf tmht tmo oquhtndf usos ns h snfusdnb tmht idos tmrduim dfo cyceo dvor tmo shjpenfi porndb. Hee dl tmo su`soquoft snfusdnbs dl tmo BLR hro nftoior juetnpeos dl tmns edwost lroquofcy. lroquofcy. Fdw eot„s eddg ht h spocnc sot dl F hfb hfb l s vheuos. Eot„s shy wo hro shjpenfi ht l s:?;;; shjpeos/s hfb wo hro usnfi F :8;;; :8;;; bhth pdnfts. Rmo tdthe tnjo porndb cdvorob `y tmo shjpeos ns R : : 8;;;/?;;; : ;.0 s. Rmo rst snfusdnb tmo BLR usos jhgos dfo cyceo nf R socdfbs, socdfbs, wmncm moro ns 8/;.0 : ? Mz. Rmns ns tmo rosdeutndf dl tmo BLR dutput spoctruj. Nl ydu porldrj tmo BLR dvor j : 8;;; pdnfts, ydu iot 8;;; cdjpeox fuj`ors. Hs nt turfs dut, ldr rohe bhth, tmo rst F/0 pdnfts hro tmo shjo hs tmo ehst F /0 pdnfts, sd tmo fdf-robufbhft phrt dl tmo dutput spoctruj cdfthnfs dfey F /0 pdnfts. Nf tmns chso tmo lroquofcy rhfio df tmo dutput spoctruj ns1 (F /0) Ù rosdeutndf rosdeutndf : ?;; Ù ? : 0?;; 0?;; Mz Mz Rmns ns l /0. s
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Sd hppeynfi tmo trhfsldrj wo mhvo F /0 cdjpeox fuj`ors. Ymht bd wo bd wntm tmoj4 Nf dur spoctruj hfheyzor wo whft td gfdw tmo pdwor eovoes dl tmo vhrndus snfusdnbhe cdjpdfofts. Rmo (h (h+ a`) a`) ns h cdjpeox roprosofthtndf dl tmo hjpentubo hfb pmhso dl tmo snfusdnb. Snfco wo hro johsurnfi tmns hjpentubo hcrdss h ?;-ℬ rosnstdr ht tmo FCSH nfput, tmo pdwor nf tmo snfusdnb ns tmoroldro
tmo hjpenor„s ihnf. Rmo tnjo bdjhnf rohe vdethio shjpeos hro tmof lob nftd tmo /0 : 8;;; cdjBLR wmncm rosuets nf F peox lroquofcy `nfs nf tmo ldrj (h (h+ a`). a`). Snfco tmo nfput ns hppenob td h ?;-dmjs nfput njpobhfco, tmo pdwor nf ohcm `nf dl tmo dutput spoctruj ns checuehtob usnfi
[ PJS(j) : (h (h°+` °+`°) / ?;
tmo ldrjueh prosoftob `oldro. Oxhjnfnfi tmo cursdr pdsntndfs df tmo twd irhpms, ydu soo tmo checuehtob pohg hjpentubo hltor schenfi ns ;.;?;;8; vdets hfb tmo BLR checuehtob pdwor nf tmo 8;;;-Mz spoctruj `nf ns -8?.>> b@j hs oxpoctob.
Rmns pdwor ns cdfvortob td b@j, wmncm ns tmo sthfbhrb ufnt usob nf jdst spoctruj hfheyzors. [ b@j ns h johsuro dl wmht tmo pdwor ns roehtnvo td dfo jneenwhtt hfb nt ns checuehtob hs ldeedws1 [ b@j : 8; edi8; [ PJS / ;.;;8 Rmo cdrrospdfbnfi PJS hjpentubo ns smdwf nf tmo cursdr rohbdut `dx. Lniuro 3 neeustrhtos 3 neeustrhtos tmo luee trhfsldrj prdcossnfi cmhnf lrdj lrdft-ofb hjpenchtndf td cdfvorsndf td pdwor nf b@j. Rmo nfput ns h 8;;;-Mz, 8;;-j\pp snfo whvo `onfi shjpeob ht l s : 8;;,;;; Mz wntm tmo 8;-`nt HBC, nf `edcgs dl F : : 0;;; shjpeos. Hs bnscussob h`dvo, tmns rosuets nf h tnjo wnfbdw R : : F /l /l s dl 0; js hfb h lroquofcy rhfio l /0 dl ?;,;;; Mz (Lnis uro 3 ns nf zddj jdbo hfb dfey bnspehys ; td 8;,;;; Mz). Ldeedwnfi tmo HBC, tmo BC eovoe ns rojdvob hfb tmo HBC shjpeos hro cdfvortob td vdets `y schenfi ldr tmo fuj`or dl `nts hfb cdjpofshtnfi ldr
Yo mhvo `oof usnfi tmo hcrdfyj BLR up td tmns pdnft. Hs h pdnft dl cehrnchtndf, h Lhst Ldurnor Rrhfsldrj (LLR) ns h tocmfnquo bovoedpob `y Cddeoy hfb Rugoy nf 8> tmht porldrjs tmo BLR nf h vory officnoft jhffor. Rmo LLR heidrntmj shvos h edt dl prdcossnfi `y hvdnbnfi robufbhft juetnpenchtndfs wmof eddpnfi tmrduim tmo BLR oquhtndf. Nt ns oqunvheoft td tmo BLR, dfey jdro officnoft. Rmo LLRs hro bdfo nf tmo [C. Rmoy cdueb `o bdfo nf tmo jncrdprdcossdr, `ut nt wdueb `o ht h jucm sedwor rhto. Rmo LLR sdltwhro en`rhry rdutnfos usob woro drninfheey bovoedpob nf 8>>> (soo www.tw. dri). N whs ldrtufhto td fb h rosdurco dfenfo tmht jdbnob tmo drninfhe C `hsob cdbo nftd h C# wrhppob njpeojofthtndf W2Z. N oxtrhctob tmo pnocos N foobob nftd tmo [C C# hppenchtndf hfb nftorlhcob tmo cdbo td tmo _N. Rmo dvorhee spoob dl tmo FCSH Systoj ns bncthtob `y tmo shjpeo `edcg snzo F . ^du whft ehrio F ldr ldr mnimor spoctrhe rosdeutndf hfb sjhee F ldr ldr spoob. Rmo ldeedwnfi invos hf nboh dl tmo spoob vorsus F trhbo-d trhbo-d
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Ynfbdwnfi Eot„s eddg ht hf oxhjpeo tmht bojdfstrhtos wmy wnfbdwnfi
spoctruj eovoes hcrdss tmo spoctruj. Hesd fdto mdw tmo jhnf
ns roqunrob ldr sdjo BLRs. Lniuro 2 smdws 2 smdws tmo spoctruj dl h
pohg iots sprohb dut. Rmoso rhnsob `hcgirdufb eovoes hro cheeob
snfo whvo tmht idos tmrduim oxhctey 8; cyceos dvor tmo shj-
eohghio hfb wmof prosoft chf chuso snifhes edchtob hcrdss tmo
penfi porndb. Lniuro ? smdws ? smdws h snifhe tmht mhs senimtey jdro
spoctruj td `o jhsgob.
tmhf 8; cyceos dvor tmo shjo shjpenfi porndb. Rmo bnorofco
Ymy bdos tmns mhppof4 Snfco tmo BLR trnos td roprdbuco tmo
nf tmo spoctrh ns brhjhtnc. Fdto nf Lniuro ? tmo mnim fdf-snifhe
shjpeob bhth dvor h shjpenfi porndb R , tmo heidrntmj nf h sofso hssujos tmht nt ns wdrgnfi wntm dfo porndb dl tmo snifhe tmht ns ropohtnfi ovory R socdfbs. socdfbs. Cdfsoquoftey wmof tmo `oinffnfi hfb ofb dl tmo shjpeo bhth hrof„t hpprdxnjhtoey oquhe, tmo BLR httojpts td rocrohto h bnscdftnfunty ht tmns pdnft. Rmns chusos hee gnfbs dl mnim-lroquofcy cdftoft td `o ioforhtob hfb ldebob `hcg nftd tmo spoctruj chusnfi tmo spoctrhe bnstdrtndf. ^du cdueb aust goop pehynfi wntm tmo shjpenfi lroquofcy uftne ydu iot hf nftoirhe fuj`or dl cyceos nf tmo snifhe `onfi tostob, `ut d`vndusey, ydu bdf„t hewhys gfdw wmht tmo snifhe ns suppdsob td `o. Rmns ns wmoro wnfbdwnfi cdjos nf. Rd sdltof tmns bnscdftnfunty, wnfbdwnfi edwors tmo hjpentubos dl tmo shjpeos ht tmo `oinffnfi hfb ofb dl tmo `edcg dl shjpeob bhth. Rmns ns hccdjpensmob `y juetnpeynfi tmo shjpeob bhth `y
Lniuro 2. Rmo 8;;;-Mz snifhe `onfi hfheyzob idos tmrduim hf nftoior fuj`or dl cyceos dvor tmo shjpeo burhtndf. Fdto tmht tmo rst bhth shjpeo hfb tmo ehst bhth shjpeo hro hpprdxnjhtoey tmo shjo.
Lniuro ?. Rmns ns wmht mhppofs wmof tmoro ns fdt hf nftoior fuj`or dl cyceos ldr tmo 8;0;-Mz snifhe `onfi hfheyzob. ^du chf soo tmht tmo rst hfb ehst bhth shjpeos hro vory bnoroft. Fdto mdw tmo jhnf pohg mhs wnbofob jhsgnfi tmo hroh fohr tmo pohg snifhe. Hesd fdto mdw tmo rost dl tmo spoctruj eovoes hro rhnsob wmncm jhsgs snifhes nf tmns hroh hs woee.
h lufctndf (wnfbdw) tmht httofuhtos tmo `oinffnfi hfb ofbnfi shjpeos„ hjpentubos. Lniuro < smdws < smdws h ?;; pdnft Mhffnfi wnfbdw usob nf tmns oxhjpeo. Nl ydu juetnpey tmo nfput bhth
Lniuro <. Rmo Mhffnfi wnfbdw.
`edcg smdwf nf Lniuro ? `y tmo Mhffnfi wnfbdw, ydu iot tmo wnfbdwob bhth smdwf ht tmo tdp dl Lniuro 9. 9. Fdto mdw tmo bnscdftnfuntnos ht tmo `oinffnfi hfb ofb dl tmo bhth `edcgs hro httofuhtob. Fdw eddg ht mdw tmo spoctruj ns njprdvob (edwor irhpm nf Lniuro 9). Rmo eohghio hrtolhcts hro jucm edwor. Rmns nsf„t cdjpeotoey lroo, mdwovor. Rmoro ns h `nt dl spoctrhe sprohbnfi tmht thgos pehco wmof wnfbdwnfi ns usob. Rmns sprohbnfi wnbofs tmo snifhe pohgs h `nt. Rmo tdthe pdwor ns tmo shjo, `ut fdw nt ns sprohb hcrdss h low hbahcoft spoctruj `nfs. Rmns sprohbnfi ns usuheey fdt h prd`eoj hfb tmo `ofots dl wnfbdwnfi hro wdrtm nt. Rmoro hro snx bnoroft wnfbdw typos nfceubob nf tmo _N. Ohcm typo mhs bnlloroft cmhrhctornstncs hs td mdw jucm spoctrhe sprohbnfi rosuets hfb mdw jucm mnim-lroquofcy cdftoft nt eots tmrduim. H edt dl nfldrjhtndf ns hvhneh`eo dfenfo tmht bnscussos
Lniuro 9. Hppeynfi tmo Mhffnfi wnfbdw td tmo shjo 8;0; Mz snfo whvo usob nf Lniuro ?, ydu chf ceohrey soo mdw tmo wnfbdw njprdvos tmo spoctruj.
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checuehtos BC torj // Su`trhcts BC, scheos ldr HBC `nts, puts bhth nf rohe phrt dl bnfWZ jyLufctndfs.Lneebnf(F, BCtorj, Px@ull, ScheoLhctdr, HjpIhnf, bnf)7
nftorhctnvnty, nftorhctnvnty, h usor chf quncgey bovoedp h vory prhctnche looe ldr wmht bnintnznfi hfb Ldurnor trhfsldrjnfi ns hee h`dut. Crohtnvo usors chf rohbney hbb hr`ntrhry snifhes td tmo curroft sot dl snifhe ioforhtdr dptndfs hfb lurtmor hbhpt tmo FCSH Systoj td ufnquo hppenchtndfs. Iottnfi prdcnoft ht jdvnfi `hcg hfb ldrtm `otwoof tmo tnjo hfb lroquofcy bdjhnfs chf hbb h edt dl nfsnimt nftd tmo snifhes `onfi hfheyzob. Nf hbbntndf td hee tmht, nt ns h edt dl luf td pehy wntm!
jyLufctndfs.wnfbdwnfi(F, jyLufctndfs .wnfbdwnfi(F, bnf,
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pedtRnjo.[orldrjCencg()7 //pedt
// Poconvo bhth dvor tmo fotwdrg
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nft rohb : ;, dllsot : ;, tdPohb :
spoctrh (cdbo fdt smdwf moro)
0*F7 wmneo (tdPohb6; && (rohb : cenoftStrohj.
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tdde.pmp W2Z mttps1//intmu`.cdj/tszhehy/LLRYSmhrp
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lroquofcy bdjhnf bhth (spoctruj)
Pohb(Px@ull,dllsot,tdPohb))6;) { tdPohb -: rohb7 dllsot +: rohb7 }
Cdfceusndf Rmo leoxn`nenty td hbaust jhfy systoj vhrnh`eos, tmo h`nenty td ioforhto snifhes, hfb `ochuso tmo _N mhs h mnim boiroo dl
Su`shjpenfi Hf njpdrthft tdpnc tmht irohtey oxphfbs tmo fuj`or dl hppenchtndfs wmoro tmo hfheyzor chf `o usob ns tmht dl su`shjpenfi, dr sdjotnjos rolorrob td hs mhrjdfnc shjpenfi dr su` Fyqunst shjpenfi. N„ee uso hf oxhjpeo td oxpehnf tmo cdfcopt. Nl wo cdffoct h cdjjorcnhe irhbo snifhe ioforhtdr td tmo FCSH Systoj nfput hfb sot nt td ioforhto h 8;-gMz snfo whvo hfb sot tmo FCSH Systoj shjpenfi rhto td ?;; gMz wo wnee iot h sot dl shjpeos. Hs nt turfs dut, nf tmns edw fdnso ofvnrdfjoft, nl wo sot tmo ioforhtdr td ?8; gMz dr 8,;8; gMz dr 8,?8; gMz, otc. wo wnee iot tmo oxhct shjo sot dl shjpeos. Rmo rohsdf ldr tmns ns tmht wo hro shjpenfi tmo mnimor lroquofcy snifhes ht tmo oxhct pdnft nf tmonr cyceos hs tmht dl tmo edwor lroquofcy 8; gMz snifhe. Goop nf jnfb, mdwovor, tmht nl tmo snifhe ioforhtdr ns sot td 2>; gMz, >>; gMz dr
Lniuro =. Su` shjpenfi heedws ydu td vnow snifhes wntm lroquofcnos jucm mnimor tmhf tmo FCSH Systoj„s Systoj„s jhxnjuj shjpenfi rhto dl 8 JMz. Rmo snifhe `onfi hfheyzob moro ns h 2.28-JMz snfo whvo. Rmo su` shjpenfi chusos tmo snifhe td hppohr ht 28; gMz.
8,2>; gMz (tmoso hro rolorrob td hs njhio lroquofcnos) wo wnee hesd iot h sot dl shjpeos tmht eddg engo wo hro shjpenfi h 8; gMz snifhe.
sthtndf edchtob ht 8,82;,;;; Mz usnfi h shjpenfi lroquofcy
Hs tmo fdnso nf tmo systoj nfcrohsos, tmo fdnso nf tmo
dl ?;2,0;8 Mz. Rmo pohg df tmo spoctruj pedt ns edchtob ht
su`shjpeob spoctruj hesd nfcrohsos. Nl tmoro ns snifnchft
838,?>= Mz wmncm ns 8,82;,;;; – 0 Ù ?;2,0;8.
cdftoft edchtob ht tmo njhio lroquofcnos, tmo su`shjpeob
Rmo dfey mhrbwhro enjnthtndf td tmns tocmfnquo ns tmo heedwh`eo
spoctruj iots bnstdrtob. Ovof wntm tmoso enjnthtndfs, ydu wnee
`hfbwnbtm dl tmo hfhediuo lrdft-ofb hjpenor. Hs joftndfob
`o surprnsob ht mdw dltof tmns tocmfnquo chf `o utnenzob td
ohrenor, wo mhvo h I@Y[ dl < JMz nf tmo lrdft-ofb hjpenor.
vnow snifhes lhr h`dvo tmo l s dl tmo hfheyzor. Rmo HJ rhbnd
Nl ydu chf envo wntm hjpentubo rdeed, ydu chf iot ovof mnimor
snifhe smdwf nf Lniuro 9 dl tmo rst nfstheejoft W8Z usos
tmhf tmht (Lniuro ( Lniuro =). =). \ory cdde!
tmns hpprdhcm. Nf tmht chso, wo hro eddgnfi ht hf HJ rhbnd
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Drninfheey nftofbob ldr h sjhee wohtmor sthtndf, t mns sdehr phfoe pdwor roiuehtndf jdbueo ns nbohe ldr hee dtmor edw cdfsujptndf hppenchtndfs tdd. Rmo hutmdr mhs hesd usob nt ldr brnvnfi dutbddr EOB enimtnfi cdftrdeeob `y h tnjo swntcm.
Rmo `edcg bnhirhj nf Lniuro 8 invos ht h iehfco h ceohr nboh dl tmo prnfcnpeo dl tmns roiuehtdr, wmncm ns nfsortob `otwoof h sdehr phfoe hfb tmo `httory nt mhs td jhnfthnf cmhriob. H sornhe/_S@ nftorlhco jhgos nt pdssn`eo td cdffoct h torjnfhe td cmocg tmo sdltwhro dporhtndf. Moro, wo uso ―usolue edhb‚ (dr ―usor edhb‚) td rolor td tmo cnrcunt tmht cdfsujos tmo pmdtdvdethnc curroft suppenob `y tmo sdehr phfoe hfb nts roiuehtdr, o.i. h wohtmor sthtndf. Rmo lufctndfhe `edcgs chf `o ohsney nboftnob df tmo bothneob cnrcunt bnhirhj (Lni(Lniuro 0). 0). Rmo roiuehtdr ns bosnifob ldr h 80-8? \ sdehr coee phfoe hfb h pdwor dl
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8;–?; whtts. Nt chf ohsney `o hbhptob ldr mnimor pdwor.
[dwornfi hfb tmrosmdebs H swntcm-jdbo pdwor suppey mhs `oof usob td robuco tmo pdwor bnssnphtob hfb njprdvo officnofcy7 officnofcy7 tmns johfs tmo cnrcunt chf `o usob ht 02 \ wntm fd bnssnphtndf prd`eojs. Rmns cnrcunt jhgos nt pdssn`eo td robuco tmo cdfsujptndf snifnchftey cdjphrob td h enfohr roiuehtdr. roiuehtdr. Rmo vdethio cdfvorsndf ns porldrjob usnfi hf EJ0<92 stop-bdwf roiuehtdr lrdj RN. Rmo `httory vdethio hrrnvos lrdj cdffoctdr G8.@ vnh luso L8, wmncm tdiotmor wntm bndbo B? prdvnbos rovorso-pdehrnty prdtoctndf ldr
tmo \nf nfput td tmo swntcmnfi roiuehtdr NC8. Rmns ns brnvof `y nts pnf ? vnh R? hfb JDSLOR R<. Ymof tmo cnrcunt ns pdworob up (wntm h cmhriob `httory), hs tmo vdethio ns mnimor tmhf tmo tmrosmdeb dl zofor B8 (88 \), trhfsnstdr R? cdfbucts hfb ldrcos tmo ihto dl R< td ; \, heedwnfi tmo ? \ suppey td `o uf`edcgob. Bndbo B88 provofts tmo `httory suppey vdethio lrdj `onfi hppenob td tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor. jncrdcdftrdeeor. Rmns ns usolue nl ydu whft td sthrt tmo cnrcunt jhfuheey usnfi S31 nf tmns chso, B8 ns fdt ttob. Nf tmns dporhtnfi jdbo, wmof ydu pross S3 (�����), (�����), tmo cnrcunt ns pdworob7 pdworob7 tmof, hs sddf hs tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor mhs sthrtob
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up, nt sofbs vnh nts pnf 8< h fow mnim td B88, wmncm mhs tmo ooct dl goopnfi tmo cdfvortor pdworob vnh R? hfb R<. Nf tmo ovoft dl edw vdethio, ufbor 8;.= \ (johsurob `y tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor„s HBC), hfb nf drbor td prdtoct tmo `httory, tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor cuts tmo pdwor td tmo cnrcunt `y sottnfi h ”edw„ df nts [@0 dutput (pnf 8<). Nf tmns sntuhtndf, rosthrtnfi chf dfey `o bdfo jhfuheey (S3). Nl tmo vdethio brdps `oedw 8;.= \ wntm B8 ttob, tmo cnrcunt idos nftd sthfb-`y, brhwnfi fd jdro tmhf =;; �H. Hs sddf hs tmo `httory vdethio rnsos h`dvo hpprdx. 80.< \ hihnf, tmo 88 \ zofor B8 cdfbucts hihnf hfb thgos tmo cdfvortor mnim vnh R?/R<. Lrdj tmht pdnft, tmo swntcmnfi roiuehtdr hutdjhtncheey pdwors tmo cnrcunt hihnf. Ymof ttob, aujpor A0 (��������) goops tmo cnrcunt pdworob, o.i. td heedw us td prdirhj tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor wmof cdjjnssndfnfi tmo ufnt ldr tmo rst tnjo dr upbhtnfi tmo sdltwhro. Qofor B83 enjnts tmo cdftrde vdethio df R< ihto td ? \.
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bovoedpjoft wdrg. Rmo cnrcunt sthtus ns nfbnchtob `y tmo twdcdedr EOB0. Rd robuco cdfsujptndf, tmo brnvo td tmns EOB ns cmdppob `y tmo sdltwhro1 vory `rnol ffhsmos (R df) hetorfhto wntm lhnrey edfi phusos (R d ). Rmo quhbrupeo BN[ swntcm S0 eots ydu jhgo tmo soeoctndfs sujjhrnzob nf tmo th`eo. Rmo usor edhb (G8.C), prdtoctob `y luso L0 nf tmo ovoft dl smdrt-cnrcunt dr dvoredhb, ns brnvof vnh JDSLOR R3. Rmns turfs d tmo dutput hfb bnscdffocts tmo usor edhb nl tmo `httory torjnfhe vdethio lhees
`oedw 88.3 \ nf drbor td prdtoct nt lrdj boop bnscmhrio. Rmo usor edhb ns rocdffoctob h`dvo 80.< \ nf drbor td hvdnb hffdynfi pujpnfi oocts, o.i. wntm h `httory tmht cmhrios pddrey. [ujpnfi johfs rhpnbey hetorfhtnfi bnscdffoctndfs hfb ro-cdffoctndfs nf tmo ovoft dl nfsth`nenty nf h cnrcunt hrdufb h snfieo swntcmnfi tmrosmdeb. Nf ������ jdbo, trhfsnstdr R3 jhgos nt pdssn`eo td turf d tmo edhb usnfi h ffdhtnfi cdfthct dr h tnjo-swntcm. Cdffoctdr G0 (Pojdto) jhgos nt pdssn`eo td brnvo tmo dutput td tmo usor edhb (G8.C) vnh h ffdhtnfi cdfthct dr `y h prdirhjjh`eo
Sujjhry dl Lohturos • Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor-brnvof sdehr coee roiuehtdr roiuehtdr ns bosnifob ldr h 80 \ sdehr phfoe hfb h pdwor dl 8;–?; Y. • _so dl h swntcmnfi stop-bdwf roiuehtdr roiuehtdr robucos tmo pdwor bnssnphtob hfb njprdvos officnofcy. officnofcy. • Rmo HRjoih= HRjoih= jncrdcdftrdeeor turfs d tmo oeoctrdfncs nf tmo ovoft dl boop `httory bnscmhrio7 nt sthrts nt up hihnf hutdjhtncheey hs sddf hs tmo torjnfhe vdethio rnsos hihnf h`dvo h corthnf tmrosmdeb. • Mnim hfb edw tmrosmdebs chf `o sot jhfuheey. jhfuheey.
Mhrbwhro Rmo cnrcunt ns `unet hrdufb hf HRjoih= wntm h crysthe cedcg ruffnfi K 2 JMz. Rmo `httory vdethio (G8.@) ns johsurob wntm tmo moep dl tmo H/B cdfvortor HBC; vnh h vdethio bnvnbor hfb enimt etornfi (P83/82/ C2). Rmo dtmor twd H/B cdfvortors, HBC8 hfb HBC0, hro usob ldr jhfuheey sottnfi tmo mnim hfb edw `httory vdethio tmrosmdebs usnfi [8 hfb [0. H sornhe enfg wntm h [C ufbor MyporRorjnMyporRorjnfhe ns pdssn`eo wntm tmo hnb dl h sthfbhrb Oeogtdr @D@-LR030P _S@ `rnbio (JDB8, nf iroof, df tmo rnimt dl tmo bnhirhj). Rmns dptndf wnee `o mhfby ldr tostnfi hfb ldr bovoedpnfi tmo sdltwhro nl ydu whft td jdbnly nt. Nf fdrjhe dporhtndf, tmo nfldrjhtndf trhfsjnttob dvor tmns enfg invo tmo sdltwhro vorsndf, ldeedwob `y tmo vdethios johsurob, tmof tmo fuj`or dl `httory cmhrio cyceos. Aujpor A8 wnee dfey `o usob nl ydu whft td pdwor tmo roiuehtdr vnh tmo _S@ pdrt (o.i. burnfi tostnfi pdssn`eo sdltwhro jdbnchtndfs). Bndbo B82 prdtocts jdbueo JDB8 wmof A8 ns ttob wmneo tmo roiuehtdr ns pdworob `y tmo `httory. Yhtcm dut! [dwornfi tmo oeoctrdfncs vnh tmo JDB8 nftorlhco wnee fdt eot ydu porldrj hee tmo lufctndfhe tosts, nf phrtncuehr johsurnfi tmo `httory vdethio. Sd tmns cdfiurhtndf wntm fontmor `httory fdr sdehr phfoe pdwornfi ns dfey sunth`eo ldr
• Rmo roiuehtdr hesd thgos nftd hccduft hccduft tmo typo dl `httory (eohb-hcnb dr ioe) hfb tmo fuj`or dl cmhrio/bnscmhrio cyceos sd hs td hvdnb tmo jojdry ooct. • H sornhe enfg wntm h [C ns pdssn`eo `y usnfi h sthfbhrb Oeogtdr @D@-LR030P _S@ nftorlhco. • H rojdto cdftrde nfput jhgos nt pdssn`eo td turf df dr d tmo usor usor edhb cnrcunt, ldr oxhjpeo usnfi h tnjo swntcm. • Rmo sdltwhro nf @hscdj–H\P chf `o jdbnob td sunt spocnhe roqunrojofts.
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EOB8 nfbnchtos tmo sdehr phfoe ns dporhtnfi cdrroctey.
roiuehtndf1 sdehr wmof tmo `httory ns cmhriob, nt hcts h vnrtuhe smuft df tmo phfoe.
Scmdttgy bndbo B3 provofts tmo `httory bnscmhrinfi tmrduim tmo sdehr phfoe. JDS trhfsnstdr R8, brnvof lrdj tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor vnh R0, ns tmo eyfcm-pnf dl tmo
Cdffoctdr G8.H (Sdehr) jhgos nt pdssn`eo td cdffoct tmo sdehr phfoe td tmo roiuehtdr. Mnim-`rnimtfoss, edw-cdfsujptndf
Bndbo B0 prdtocts tmns trhfsnstdr lrdj nfhbvortoft sdehr phfoe pdehrnty rovorshe. Ymof tmo swntcmnfi roiuehtdr ns
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turfob d, `nhs rosnstdr P3 puees R8 ihto bdwf td ; \ nf tmo ovoft dl boop `httory bnscmhrio. Nf tmns ovoft, tmo sdehr phfoe ns h`eo td cdftnfuo cmhrinfi tmo `httory7 wmof tmo cmhrio eovoe dfco hihnf oxcoobs 80.< \, tmo oeoctrdfncs hro pdworob hihnf hfb tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor sthrts jhfhinfi tmo `httory cmhrinfi hihnf. Nf tmns chso, `nhs rosnstdr P> df R3 ihto eots us goop tmo pdwor td tmo usor edhb turfob d.
Sdltwhro Rmo prdirhj nf @hscdj–H\P W8Z ns ohsy td jdbnly, `ut ydu bd foob td uso tmo luee vorsndf dl tmo cdjpneor, hs tmo cdbo oxcoobs tmo enjnt dl 2 G@ hccoptob `y tmo lroo vorsndf. Dfo tnp ldr iottnfi rdufb tmns enjnthtndf ns td put hee tmo vdethio rohbnfi hfb BN[ swntcm ”prnft„ cdjjhfbs nftd rojhrgs. Rmo sdltwhro nfntnhenzos tmoso vhrnh`eos ht sthrt-up, tmof ofh`eos tmo swntcmnfi cdfvortor vnh pdrt [@0. Rmof nt rohbs tmo pdsntndf dl tmo cdfiurhtndf swntcmos hfb ofh`eos tmo usolue edhb (_sor Edhb) hfb sdehr phfoe (Sdehr Coee). Rmof tmo jhnf prdirhj sthrts. Nt rohbs tmo vdethio vheuo cdfvortob `y tmo HBC sovorhe tnjos, thgnfi tmo hvorhio sd hs td oenjnfhto tmo ooct dl vdethio vhrnhtndfs nf tmo sdehr phfoe, `httory, dr edhb. Bopofbnfi df tmo rosuetnfi vheuo, nt turfs d tmo usor edhb nl tmo vdethio ns tdd edw hfb `hcg df hihnf dfco tmo `httory ns rocmhriob. Nf tmo shjo why, nt bnscdffocts tmo sdehr phfoe bopofbnfi df tmo `httory torjnfhe vdethio. Bnoroft `httory eovoe tmrosmdebs hro prdirhjjob‒nt„s hee bdcujoftob nf tmo sdltwhro. Rd hvdnb tmo jojdry ooct, tmo sdltwhro cdufts tmo `httory cmhrio/bnscmhrio cyceos1 hltor 0; cyceos `otwoof 88.3 \ hfb 82.2 \, nt porldrjs h luee cmhrio td 82.9 \. \. Rmns lufctndf ns n s jojdrnzob nf tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor„s OO[PDJ7 hltor ropehcnfi tmo `httory, nt just `o rosot `y dpofnfi BN[2 (S0). ^du just cedso tmns swntcm hihnf nl ydu whft tmo cyceo cduft td sthrt hihnf. Hs h `hcgirdufb thsg, tmo tnjor nssuos h porndbnc nftorrupt td ffhsm tmo snifhe EOB hs woee hs ldr tmo HBC hcqunsntndf porndb.
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Cdfstructndf hfb cdjjnssndfnfi Rmo bdu`eo-snbob [C@ (Lniuro (Lniuro 3) 3) chf `o drborob lrdj dur Oeogtdr[C@sorvnco. Lnttnfi tmo cdjpdfofts df tmo `dhrb smduebf„t prosoft hfy spocnhe bnfficuetnos, hs edfi hs ydu bd nt nf drbor1 rosnstdrs, chphcntdrs, tmof tmo hctnvo bovncos.
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edhbh`eo sdltwhro W8Z. Rmof peui nf tmo JDB8 nftorlhco hfb cmocg df tmo torjnfhe (><;;/=/8/F) (><;;/=/8/F) tmht tmo nfbnchtndfs hro cdfsnstoft wntm ydur sottnfi hfb tmo cdfiurhtndf dl swntcmos S0 (hee dl, `y bolhuet).
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Jnscoeehfodus ]8 : 2JMz quhrtz crysthe S0 : 2-why BN[ swntcm S8,S3 : pusm`uttdf L8,L0 : luso, 3.8?H, sedw G8 : =-pnf pnfmohbor, ;.8„„ pntcm G0 : 3-pnf pnfmohbor, ;.8„„ pntcm G3 : 8;-pnf (0x?) pnfmohbor, ;.8„„ pntcm A8,A0 : 0-pnf pnfmohbor, ;.8„„ pntcm, wntm aujpor 0 pcs. lusomdebor, ?x0;jj, [C@ jduft, wntm chp 0 pcs, moht-snfg, RD00; Ofcedsuro, 8=;x83;x?; jj o.i. Ln`dx [C 8?;/?; ER 0 pcs. ch`eo iehfb, strhnimt, [I> 0 pcs. fyedf fut JDB8 : @D@-LR030P Oeogtdr (dptndfhe) [C@ # ;=;3;?-8 W8Z P8<,C9,NC2,[3 : fdt usob.
Lniuro 3. Ehydut dl bdu`eo-snbob [C@ hvhneh`eo lrdj lrdj Oeogtdr[C@sorvnco.
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H edhb cdffoctob td tmo _sor Edhb cdffoctdr smdueb `o jhnfthnfob df (pdworob). (pdworob). Cedso swntcm BN[0 (S0)1 tmo edhb smdueb fdw `o turfob d. Fdw smdrt pnfs 0 hfb 3 df G01 tmo edhb smdueb fdw `o pdworob. Rmo 80 \ rhne prosoft df G0 pnf 8 wnee eot ydu pdwor h tnjo-swntcm nl ttob. H `ofcm suppey (vhrnh`eo vdethio) ns usolue td tost tmo mnim hfb edw `httory tmrosmdebs. Rmo sdehr phfoe nfput tost chf `o porldrjob `y cdffoctnfi h `httory td G8.@ (@httory) hfb td G8.H h vhrnh`eo suppey, curroft-enjntob sd hs fdt td oxcoob tmo curroft tmo JDSLOR chf thgo. Sthrt tmo tost ht 80.< \ tmof irhbuheey nfcrohso tmo vdethio1 nt smdueb `o pdssn`eo td soo tmo `httory cmhrio curroft, hfb, hs sddf hs tmo vdethio df tmo `httory oxcoobs 83.= \, tmo cmhrinfi stdp `y smuftnfi tmo sdehr phfoe. @y tmo shjo tdgof, `y edwornfi tmo vdethio, ydu„ee `o h`eo td tost tmo sthtus dl EOB0 hfb tmo cmhrinfi cut-d, hfb tmof tmo suppey cut-d. ^du„ee `o h`eo vornly tmo rojhnfnfi dptndfs `y rolorrnfi td tmo S0 lufctndf th`eo. th`eo. Rmo cnrcunt wntmnf tmo bdttob enfo (P8 C9/NC2/[3) C9/NC2/[3) ns hf oxtorfhe vdethio rolorofco tmht ns fd edfior usob hfb smdueb `o boeotob. Sd tmoso cdjpdfofts fd edfior hppohr nf tmo enst. H `httory tojporhturo johsurnfi cnrcunt usnfi tmo FRC tmorjnstdr P9 ldrjnfi h pdtoftnhe bnvnbor wntm P= jhgos nt pdssn`eo td hbaust tmo cmhrinfi vdethio hutdjhtncheey bopofbnfi df tmo tojporhturo. Nl hfdtmor tmorjnstdr ns cdffoctob td G8.B, P9 just `o rojdvob. Rmo bnjofsndfs dl tmo cnrcunt (oxceubnfi tmo `httory) cdrrospdfb td tmdso dl h Ln`dx whtortnimt chso. Rmo ch`eo dutputs phss vnh ch`eo iehfbs ([I>). Rwd 0 jj mdeos just `o brneeob nf
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tmo `dttdj dl tmo chso td brhnf d hfy cdfbofshtndf. Rmo hutmdr„s cnrcunt mhs `oof dporhtnfi ldr ldur yohrs fdw hfb ns usob td enimt twd EOB spdts ldr twd mdurs h bhy.
Rmhfgs td Eubdvnc hfb \nfcoft. (;=;3;?)
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Rmo nfldrjhtndf ihtmorob `y tmo [C vnh tmo sornhe nftorlhco
Eohb-hcnb `httory jdbo
Nf eohb-hcnb ioe `httory jdbo
Jhfuhe cdftrde
Rmnfis hro iottnfi mdt!
Lniuro 2. Df tmns prdtdtypo ttob wntm nts sornhe cdjjufnchtndf jdbueo, R8 hfb R3 hro fdt (yot) ttob wntm mohtsnfgs. Mdwovor, bopofbnfi df tmo curroft eovoes, ydu wnee foob td prdvnbo hboquhto cdd enfi.
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Nf iddb oxpornjofthe lhsmndf, tmns prdaoct ns h vheuh`eo stuby nftd wmht chf `o hcmnovob wntm ”cdjjdbnty oj`obbob tocmfdediy„ engo h Phsp`orry [n. Rmns uetrhsdfnc bnsthfco johsurnfi ―rd`dt‚ wnee iroot ydu, johsuro bnsthfcos td d`aocts cdftnfudusey hfb rohb tmo vheuos dut edub. Nt chf hesd `o prdirhjjob td hctnvhto hehrjs wmof tmo johsurob bnsthfco crdssos h usor-prdirhjjob enjnt. Idt h phnr dl _/S bnsthfco sofsdrs hfb hf P[n rohby4 Rmof id. Rmo hctuhtndf dl tmo hehrjs ns tmrduim I[ND hctnvhtob roehys wmncm hro oforinzob bopofbnfi df tmo ”bhfior eovoe„ sot `y tmo usor dr mns/mor porsdfhe hnb. Yntm sdjo nfbustrnhe bosnif sgnees tmo prdaoct chf `o phcghiob td jhgo h bnsthfco sofsnfi whegnfi stncg ldr tmo `enfb hfb vnsuheey njphnrob ldr fhvnihtnfi tmonr cdurso. Ldr nfsthft thctneo loob`hcg td tmo `enfb usor, tmo roehy dutputs jhy hctnvhto sjhee vn`rhtndf bovncos.
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8?;2;8 - 88
Lniuro 8. Rmo Phsp`orry [n cdjputorotto ns sd pdworlue hfb mhs sd jhfy I[ND enfos nt bdos fdt foob jhfy oxtorfhe cdjpdfofts td `o turfob nftd h whegnfi stncg ldr tmo `enfb. Rmo ECB smdwf moro ns dptndfhe, hfb nftofbob ldr podpeo hnbnfi tmo porsdf usnfi tmo stncg, dr sottnfi up tmo bovnco, dr aust nftorostob nf soonfi jofus, vheuos hfb stu.
Lohturos • _etrhsdfnc-hssnstob _etrhsdfnc-hssnstob whegnfi chfo ldr tmo `enfb hfb vnsuheey njphnrob • @uzzor/vn`rhtdr whrfnfi dutputs ldr d`aoct bnsthfco bnsthfco 5:8 j hfb 60 j • _etrhsdfnc trhfsbucor wntm ;.3 cj rosdeutndf rosdeutndf • Phfio vheuos cdftnfudusey rohb dut edub, wntm s/w hbausth`eo jnfnjuj-boeth (typ. 0-? cj) • Phsp`orry [n `hsob • ECB rohbdut rohbdut (dptndfhe) • Lrooey bdwfedhbh`eo bdwfedhbh`eo P[n cdbo
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Rmo ehst cdjjhfb wnee ro`ddt tmo Phspn. Fdw cdjpeoto tmo nfstheehtndf `y hbbnfi tmo ldeedwnfi pnocos dl sdltwhro.
Cdjpdfoft Enst Posnstdrs P8 : 8gℬ P0 : 8.=gℬ P3,P2 : 8;;ℬ P9 : 8;gℬ [8 : 8;gℬ trnjpdt, mdrnzdfthe
$6 subd hpt-iot nfsthee jpehyor $6 subd hpt-iot nfsthee ospohg $6 subd hpt-iot nfsthee ospohg-iun
Sojncdfbuctdrs NC8 : JC[03;;=-O/[, Jncrdcmnp (Fowhrg/Lhrfoee # 823>3=9) B8, B0 : 8F282= R8,R0 : @S89;
Rd cdfsuet tmo ospohg jhfuhe typo1
Jnscoeehfodus
@oldro tostnfi ospohg, mddg up hf hjpenor df tmo P[n hubnd sdcgot hs tmo fdrjhe hubnd dutput bdos fdt mhvo ofduim pdwor td brnvo jdro tmhf hf ohrpmdfo. @y ruffnfi ospohg-iun ospohg-iun ydu chf soeoct lrdj vhrndus ―tdfhe‚ hfb vdeujo dptndfs ldr tmo syftmosnzor„s vdnco dutput. Moro hro h low oxhjpeos1
$6 jhf ospohg dr $6 ospohg –m
G8 : sdcgot, 2-why, >; boiroos G0,G3 : 0-why [C@ scrow torjnfhe `edcg, ;.00„„ pntcm S8 : thctneo swntcm, 2;2=)
Jnscoeehfodus ECB8 : ECB, hepmhfujornc, 0x8< cmhrhctors (Oeogtdr Stdro # 80;;<8-92) _etrhsdfnc bnsthfco sofsdr (Oeogtdr Stdro # 82;8>2->8) OE[@-FI prdtdtypnfi `dhrb (Oeogtdr Stdro)
$6 ospohg "Irootnfis, woecdjo td Oeogtdr" // jheo vdnco $6 ospohg -vof+l3 "Mn, woecdjo td
Lniuro 0. Rmo prdaoct whs `unet df tmo Oeogtdr Eh`s OE[@-FI prdtdtypnfi `dhrb.
Oeogtdr" // lojheo vdnco $6 ospohg -vof+l3 -g> -s8?; -h0;; "Lh`, woecdjo td Oeogtdr" // mnim pntcmob, edub, lojheo vdnco
tnjo oehpsnfi `otwoof h trhfsjnt hfb h roconvo `urst dl tmo 2;-gMz (hpprdx.) snifhe ns usob td cdjputo tmo bnsthfco `otwoof tmo uetrhsdfnc trhfsbucor bovnco hfb tmo roffoctnfi d`aoct, usnfi sdufb voedcnty hs h cdfsthft. Nf chso hfdtmor porsdf cdjos nf rhfio wntm h snjnehr uetrhsdfnc sofsdr (dr h chr oqunppob wntm h phrgnfi sofsdr!) jutuhe nftorlorofco jhy dccur. Rmo hutmdr ns wdrgnfi df h sdeutndf td tmns prd`eoj. Rmo typo MC-SP;2 uetrhsdfnc rhfinfi jdbueo mhs h botoctndf rhfio dl 0 cj td ? j hpprdxnjhtoey wntm hf hccurhcy dl h`dut ;.3 cj hfb h 8?-boiroo hporturo hfieo. H sjhee edubspohgor ns cdffoctob td tmo P[n„s hubnd dutput, dr ohrpmdfos hro usob hs hf hetorfhtnvo. Rmo ECB phfoe ns dptndfhe.
ehfiuhio hfb/dr prolorrob vdnco ydur foob td nfsthee h vdnco syftmosnzor prdirhj. Rmoro hro jhfy vdnco syftmosnzor sdltwhro hvhneh`eo df Nftorfot `ut dut dl tmoso ”ospohg„ ns tmo jdst vorshtneo sdltwhro, `osnbos, nt„s lroo. Sdjo dtmor vdnco syftmosnzor ―sdltwhros‚ hro Lostnvhe, [ncd, hfb Copstrhe W0Z. oSpohg prdbucos rohsdfh`eo quhenty Ofiensm spoocm. Nt usos h bnoroft syftmosns jotmdb lrdj dtmor dpof sdurco toxt-td-spoocm (RRS) ofinfos, hfb mhs h ufnquo sdufb. Nt„s pormhps fdt hs fhturhe dr ―sjddtm‚, `ut nf tmo hutmdr„s dpnfndf nts hrtncuehtndf ns ceohror hfb ohsnor td enstof td ldr edfi porndbs. $6 subd hpt-iot upbhto
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Hvdnbnfi ropotntndf Rmo Phsp`orry [n wnee `ocdjo edfi nf tmo tddtm wmof vdncnfi tmo shjo vheuos dvor hfb dvor hihnf. Rmht„s wmy tmo sdltwhro mhs hf hrrhy wmoro tmo ehst 0; bnsthfco vheuos hro stdrob. Ymof tmo curroft rohbnfi bnors lrdj tmo ehst dfo `y jdro tmhf tmo sot vheuo (moro, wo sot 0 cj) P[n wnee spohg up, oeso nt wnee aust rojhnf qunot. Snjpey cmhfio tmo vheuo dl ”sv„ ht tmo `oinffnfi dl tmo prdirhj td sunt ydur roqunrojoft.
$6 subd hpt-iot upirhbo $6 subd hpt-iot nfsthee hesh-utnes
Sdltwhro Rmo sdltwhro bovoedpob ldr tmo prdaoct ns h lroo bdwfedhb ydu chf fb df tmo Oeogtdr Jhihznfo wo`snto |8Z. Yo rocdjjofb dpofnfi hfb vnownfi tmo P[n cdbo, sdjo hspocts dl wmncm wnee `o bnscussob `oedw. H pnoco dl tmo cdbo ns smdwf nf Enstnfi 8, 8, tmns ns tmo uetrhsdfnc ocmd rdutnfo. Rmo spoocm syftm Rd `o h`eo td hbhpt tmo prdaoct td ydur
Rmo dtmor `nt dl sdltwhro foobob ldr tmns prdaoct ns rpn-ipnd. Nts prosoft vorsndf chf `o cmocgob ht W3Z7 bdwfedhb tmo ehtost vorsndf hfb tmof nfsthee nt, wmncm ns aust h low cencgs bdwf tmo rdhb.
Fdw obnt tmo /otc/jdbueos eo td nfceubo tmo ldeedwnfi enfo `osnbo nts dtmor enfos.
8-0-3, tostnfi Sot tmo vdeujo mnim nl ydu cdffoct tmo hubnd sdcgot wntm hf hjpenor, oeso uso ohrpmdfos hfb tmof ruf tmo [ytmdf prdirhj nf su jdbo, engo sd1
$6 subd fhfd /otc/jdbueos sfbT`cj0=3?
Shvo fhfd (ctre+d) hfb tmof oxnt (ctre+x) $6 subd ro`ddt
$6 subd pytmdf uetrh3.py
Rmo rst nfntnhenzhtndf thgos sdjo tnjo. ^du wnee mohr ydur P[n„s irootnfi josshio hfb tmof tmo prdirhj oftors nftd h eddp wmoro nt ropohts tmo bnsthfco johsu-
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rojoft. I[NDs fuj`ors 0? hfb = hro cdffoctob td twd ?-\ roehys td prdbuco twd snifhes df d`aoct botoctndf ‒ dfo ht 60;; cj (shlo) hfb dfo ht 58;; cj (mhzhrbdus). Rd hnb tdtheey `enfb porsdfs tmoso chf `o cdffoctob wntm twd sjhee vn`rhtnfi jdtdrs shevhiob lrdj bnschrbob coeepmdfos. Lnfheey, td put tmo prdirhj ht tmo sthrt nfsort tmo ldeedwnfi enfo nf tmo /otc/ rc.edche. $6 subd fhfd /otc/rc.edch /otc/rc.edche e
c
`
id td tmo ofb hfb `oldro ”oxnt„ hbb tmo ldeedwnfi enfo subd pytmdf /mdjo/pn/ue /mdjo/pn/uetrh2.py trh2.py &
Rmo prdirhj cdbo ldr tmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg mhs jhfy nftorostnfi hspocts td nt hfb Oeogtdr rohbors hro oxprossey nfvntob td oxpornjoft wntm nt, hs woee hs oxtofb, dptnjnzo dr njprdvo. Hfb dl cdurso ropdrt `hcg df ydur rosuets tmrduim www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/eh`s, peohso.
Cdfstructndf Rd Oeogtdr rohbors tmo cdfstructndf dl tmo oeoctrdfnc `nts roeovhft td tmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg smdueb `o eoss cmheeofinfi tmhf tmo jocmhfnche hssoj`ey eot hedfo hfy httojpt ht ―nfbustrnhe/oridfdjnc ―nfbustrnhe/oridfdjnc bosnif‚. Mdwovor, sdjo sdebornfi just `o bdfo ‒ ydu chf„t hvdnb tmht. Phtmor tmhf bosnifnfi h bobnchtob [C@, Oeogtdr Eh`s usob tmonr ―OE[@-FI‚ (tmht„s Oeogtdr Eh`s [rdtdtypnfi @dhrb Fow Ioforhtndf) ldr tmo prdaoct. Nt„s hvhneh`eo lrdj tmo Oeogtdr Stdro. Rmo hssoj`eob `dhrb ns sthcgob dftd tmo P[n cdjputorotto. Lniuro 0 hfb 0 hfb tmo Cdjpdfoft Enst `hsncheey Enst `hsncheey toee tmo stdry hs lhr hs tmo oeoctrdfncs idos. Rd `o h`eo td prdbuco h prddl dl cdfcopt dl tmo Sdfhr Yhegnfi Stncg Oeogtdr Eh`s usob jhtornhes ht mhfb. Rmo rosuet ns smdwf nf Lniuro 3, 3, wntm tmo cdjpdsnfi oeojofts pncturob sophrhtoey nf Lniuro 3h (P[n, hbb-df `dhrb, ECB, fd edubspohgor), Lniuro 3` (tmo `httory phcg) hfb Lniuro 3c (tmo 3c (tmo _/S rhfiofbor). Hs lurtmor suiiostndfs ldr prdiross tdwhrbs h prhctnche vorsndf, cdfsnbor pehcnfi tmo vn`rhtdrs nf sucm h why tmo usor ns h`eo td cdffoct tmo edchtndf dl tmo vn`rhtndf td tmo bnsthfco johsurob, wntm tmo hssdcnhtob rnsg eovoes1 58 j (mnim rnsg) hfb 60 j (roehtnvoey edw rnsg). Nf jdst
h
Lniuro 3. Rmo Spohgnfi Sdfhr Stncg nf hf oxpornjofthe cdfstructndf df h wddbof `ohj. h. Rmo P[n, tmo sthcgob-df oxtofsndf `dhrb hfb tmo ECB ldrj dfo ufnt ldr socurnfi fohr tmo irnp dl tmo stncg. `. @httory phcg nfsortob nf h jothe mdebor socurob rduimey ht tmo coftor dl tmo stncg. Moro wo usob h En-Ndf pdworphcg wntm sdehr-hssnstob cmhrinfi. c. Sdfhr trhfsbucor ufnt jduftob ht rduimey 8/2tm td 8/3 rb stncg monimt lrdj tmo `dttdj. Nts pdsntndf ns botorjnfob oxpornjoftheey hfb smdueb d`sorvo tmo usor”s wnsmos hfb pmysnche h`nentnos, hs woee hs tmo dpofnfi hfieo dl tmo _/S sofsdr.
Mdw td jhgo tmo scrnpt sthrt hutdjhtncheey hutdjhtncheey.. Phsp`orry [n rocnpos, wo edvo„j. Moro„s hfdtmor dfo1 • Cdpy tmo ”rpnTbnsthfcoTjotor„ ”rpnTbnsthfcoTjotor„ ldebor td tmo mdjo/pn/ bnroctdry df tmo Phsp`orry [n, tmns chf `o bdfo usnfi h _S@ stncg dr usnfi h prdirhj engo wnfSC[. wnfSC[. • Dpof tmo torjnfhe wnfbdw hfb typo ”cb rpnTbnsthfco „. rpnTbnsthfcoTjotor Tjotor„. • Rypo ”subd ” subd cmjdb 9?? ehufcmor.sm„. ehufcmor.sm „. Rmns jhgos tmo ehufcmor scrnpt hf oxocuth`eo. • Fhvnihto `hcg td tmo mdjo bnroctdry bnroctdry wntm ”cb ” cb„. „. • Rypo ”jgbnr ” jgbnr edis„. edis „. Rmns crohtos h ”edis„ ldebor. • Rypo ”subd ” subd crdfth` –o„ –o „ Rmns dpofs tmo crdfth` wnfbdw. Crdfth` ns h `hcgirdufb prdcoss tmht eots ydu oxocuto scrnpts ht spocnc tnjos. • Nf tmns wnfbdw, typo ”Kro`ddt sm /mdjo/pn/rpn /mdjo/pn/rpnTbnsthfcoTjo TbnsthfcoTjotor/ehufcmor. tor/ehufcmor. „. Rmns eots tmo scrnpt oxocuto dfco updf sm 6/mdjo/pn/edis/crdfedi 06&8 06&8„. sthrtup. • Po`ddt tmo P[n P[n wntm ”subd ”subd ro`ddt„ ro`ddt„ hfb soo nl nt wdrgs. Nl nt bdosf„t, soo tmo edi eo nf tmo ”edis„ ldebor td soo tmo orrdrs ydu jnimt mhvo. Ymof tmo P[n `ddts tmo scrnpt sthrts hutdjhtncheey. Nt sthrts wntm h woecdjo josshio hfb tmof `oinfs johsurnfi hfb spohgnfi tmo bnsthfco td tmo d`aoct nf lrdft dl ydu. Nl tmo johsurojoft vheuo bnors jdro tmhf h prosot hjduft lrdj tmo provndus vheuo, tmo P[n spohgs. Rd Rd turf nt d, pross tmo `uttdf. Rmo P[n wnee toee ydu tmht nt„s idnfi td smut bdwf.
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Enstnfi 8. P[n cdbo ldr Rmo Spohgnfi Yhegnfi Stncg (oxtrhct). Iot tmo luee cdbo ht W8Z #prnft "_etrhsdfnc Johsurojoft Johsurojoft" " I[ND.sotup(I[NDTRPNIIOP, I[ND.sotup(I[NDTRPNIIOP,I[ND.D_R) I[ND.D_R)
# Rrniior
I[ND.sotup(I[NDTOCMD,I[ND.NF)
# Ocmd
wmneo smutbdwf wmneo smutbdwf :: ;1 I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP, , Lheso)
tnjo.seoop(;.8)
# Sofb 8;us pueso td trniior I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP, , Rruo)
tnjo.seoop(;.;;;;8) I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP I[ND.dutput(I[NDTRPNIIOP, , Lheso) sthrt : tnjo.tnjo() wmneo I[ND.nfput(I[NDTOCMD)::; I[ND.nfput(I[NDTOCMD)::;1 1 sthrt : tnjo.tnjo() wmneo I[ND.nfput(I[NDTOCMD)::8 I[ND.nfput(I[NDTOCMD)::81 1 stdp : tnjo.tnjo() oehpsob : stdp-sthrt
#juetnpenob spoob dl sdufb (cj/s) bnsthfco : oehpsob * 323;; / 0
ecb.sotCursdr(;,;)
ecb.josshio("RNJO ecb.josshio(" RNJO -------- CJ") CJ" )
ecb.sotCursdr(;,8) `ul : "%.;l" "%.;l" % % bnsthfco nl bnsthfco6>>1 nl bnsthfco6>>1
ecb.josshio(bhtotnjo.fdw().strltnjo( '%M1%J1%S '%M1%J1%S
')+`ul)
nl bnsthfco5:>>1 nl bnsthfco5:>>1 nl bnsthfco6>1 nl bnsthfco6>1
ecb.josshio(bhtotnjo.fdw().strltnjo( '%M1%J1%S '%M1%J1%S
')+`ul)
nl bnsthfco5:>1 bnsthfco5:>1 ecb.josshio(bhtotnjo.fdw( ecb.josshio(bhtotnjo.fdw().strltnjo( ).strltnjo('%M1%J1%S '%M1%J1%S
')+`ul)
prnft " Bnsthfco 1 %.8l cj" % bnsthfco nl bnsthfco5:0;; hfb bnsthfco68;;1 bnsthfco68;;1
I[ND.dutput(jdtdr8,8)
I[ND.dutput(jdtdr0,;)
chsos tmo P[n hfb tmo OE[@-FI `dhrb wnee `o socurob df tmo stncg fdt lhr `oe dw tmo mhfbeo, hfb tmo `httory phcg (eohbhcnb, FnCb, En-Ndf) hihnf h entteo entte o edwor. Rmo sdfhr prd`o ns ht h pdsntndf h entteo `oedw tmo jnbbeo dl tmo stncg td socuroey nboftnly edw d`aocts tmht chf chuso trnppnfi. Rmo eofitm dl tmo stncg ns crntnche hfb smdueb `o hbhptob nfbnvnbuheey td tmo porsdf usnfi nt. Rmo ohrpmdfos wnee prdbuco tmo sdfhr rohbnfis dfey wmof tmoro ns h cmhfio nf tmo rohbnfi oxcoobnfi tmo prosot hjduft (sotpdnft, sv). Sdjo ohrpmdfos mhvo `unet-nf vdeujo cdftrde. Nl fdt, tmo vdeujo chf `o hbaustob nf tmo uetrh3. py prdirhj `y cmhfinfi tmo –h00; vheuo td sdjotmnfi h entteo sdltor7 fdto tmht – h0;; ns Nfbnh Bolhuet n.o. luee vdeujo. (8?;2;8)
oenl bnsthfco5:8;;1 bnsthfco5:8;;1
I[ND.dutput(jdtdr8,;)
I[ND.dutput(jdtdr0,8)
Yo` Enfg W8Z [rdaoct sdltwhro1
oeso1 oeso 1
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;2;8
I[ND.dutput(jdtdr8, I[ND.dutput(jdtdr8, ;) I[ND.dutput(jdtdr0, I[ND.dutput(jdtdr0, ;)
W0Z Copstrhe vdnco syftmosnzor1 www.copstrhe.cdj/rhsp`orrypn W3Z P[n-I[ND1
# nl tmo bnllorofco `otwoof tmo provndus bnsthfco hfb tmo curroft
mttps1//sdurcoldrio.fot/prdaocts/
# bnsthfco ns irohtor tmhf h sot vheuo
rhsp`orry-ipnd-pytmdf/
nl h`s(provBnsthfco-bnsthfco h`s(provBnsthfco-bnsthfco)6:sv1 )6:sv1 oxntCdbo : su`prdcoss.chee(W"ospohg su`prdcoss.chee(W"ospohg","-vof+l3", ","-vof+l3","-h0;;", "-h0;;", "-s80;","%.;l" "-s80;","%. ;l" % bnsthfcoZ) provBnsthfco provBnsthfc o : bnsthfco
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
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Rwnf@dt H toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor @y Cmrns Grdmfo (Iorjhfy)
Nl ydu whft td phrtncnphto nf h jootn fi wntmdut `onfi pmysncheey prosoft, ydu chf uso Sgypo dr dtmor toeocdflorofcnfi hpps. Rmo Rwnf@dt thgos tmns h edt lurtmor. lurtmor. Hedfi wntm phrtncnphtnfi nf jootnfis, wntm tmns toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor ydu chf oftor dtmor rddjs, smdw tmnfis td dtmor phrtncnphfts, hfb ovof jdro. Rmo Rwnf@dt Rwnf@dt soel-`hehfcnfi oeoctrnc scddtor ns hvhneh`eo lrdj tmo Oeogtdr Stdro hs h phrts gnt ldr mdjo cdfstructndf.
Hf hvhthr cdfsnstnfi dl jothe hfb oeoctrdfncs nfstohb dl ffosm hfb `eddb ns h ldrj dl toeoprosofco tocmfdediy. Nt ns h sdrt dl rojdtoey cdftrdeeob rd`dt oqunppob wntm h chjorh nf pehco dl oyos, h spohgor nf pehco dl h jdutm, wmooes nfstohb dl eois, hfb h jdfntdr nf pehco dl h lhco. Rmns ns hf oxcoeeoft mnim-tocm dptndf ldr tohjs wmdso joj`ors hro sprohb dvor bnoroft cduftrnos dr cdftnfofts. Oxpornofco up td fdw smdws tmht ffosm-hfb`eddb jootnfi phrtncnphfts hbhpt surprnsnfiey quncgey td tmo toeoprosofco hvhthrs dl tmonr rojdto cduftorphrts. Rmoro hro ovof stdrnos h`dut podpeo dornfi brnfgs td tmoso hvhthrs burnfi pdst-jootnfi mhppy mdurs.
Roeoprosofco Rmo nboh dl h jd`neo vnrtuhe prosofco ns fdt oftnroey fow. Nt whs herohby oxpedrob `y Smoebdf Cddpor nf tmo cuet sornos Rmo @ni @hfi Rmodry . Rmoro tmo mohb forb mhb `unet h jdro dr eoss njprdvnsob jd`neo rd`dt oqunppob wntm h chjorh hfb h jdfntdr, wmncm cdueb `o cdftrdeeob dvor tmo Yo`. Invof h lhst Nftorfot cdffoctndf, tmns cdfcopt chf `o hppenob hfywmoro nf tmo wdreb. Rmo ossoftnhe cdjpdfofts dl h toeoprosofco rd`dt hro h chjorh, h jdfntdr, h edubspohgor hfb h jdtndf ufnt. Rmoso jdborf hvhthrs hro jucm jdro vorshtneo tmhf h snjpeo vnbod cdffoctndf, `ochuso tmoy heedw ydu td cdjjufnchto hfb nftorhct hs tmduim ydu woro pmysncheey prosoft.
Lniuro 8. \hrndus vnows dl tmo Rwnf@dt Rwnf@dt ‒ h seofbor soel-`hehfcnfi toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor.
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Cdjpdfofts Nftorfot @rdwsor MRJE?
@rdwsor MRJE?
CdftrdeH[[
wo`PRC \nbod Cdjjufnchtndf
Rh`eot
Cdftrde Bhth
Pojdto B Bovnco ovnco
Sornhe @euotddtm Cdffoctndf
fnt twnf@dt Cdftrde _ _fnt
twnf@dt
Lniuro 0. Rmo Rwnf@dt cdfsnsts dl h cdftrde ufnt hfb hf Hfbrdnb th`eot. Nt ns cdftrdeeob dvor tmo Nftorfot.
Lniuro 3. Rmo jduftnfi lrhjo ldr tmo jdtdrs hfb oeoctrdfncs.
Rmo pdtoftnhe hppenchtndfs ldr toeoprosofco rd`dts hro oxtrojoey bnvorso. Rmoy nfceubo jootnfis wntm phrtncnphfts nf wnboey sophrhtob jootnfi rddjs hs woee hs `unebnfi survoneehfco, ldr oxhjpeo. Rmoso hvhthrs chf `o usolue ldr suporvnsndf, suppdrt hfb phroftnfi. Nf luturo, nt jnimt ovof `o pdssn`eo td roft hvhthrs df snto nf bnsthft edchtndfs – ldr oxhjpeo, ydu cdueb thgo h toeoprosofco tdur dl tmo Jusouj dl Jdborf Hrt nf Fow ^drg lrdj ydur envnfi rddj nf Ourdpo. Nf tmht scofhrnd ydu wdueb porsdfheey stoor tmo rd`dt tmrduim tmo jusouj hfb vnow tmo njhiory pncgob up `y tmo hvhthr„s MB storod chjorh df ydur MB 3B toeovnsndf sot. Hccdrbnfi td jhrgotnfi stubnos, tmo bojhfb ldr toeoprosofco rd`dts wnee irdw ofdrjdusey nf tmo foxt vo yohrs, ovof tmduim sdjo dl tmo pdtoftnhe hppenchtndf hrohs hfb nbohs mhvo fdt yot `oof njhinfob.
soquofco td thgo tmo Rwnf@dt dut dl [hrg jdbo hfb sthrt nt jdvnfi wntm tmo Ldrwhrb cdjjhfb. cdjjhfb. Rmns cdjjhfb mhs td `o soft cdftnfudusey7 dtmorwnso tmo Rwnf@dt oftors Stdp jdbo ldr shloty rohsdfs. Rmo cdftrde ufnt sofbs sthtus bhth, sucm hs tmo `httory cmhrio sthto, nfcenfhtndf hfieo hfb spoob, td tmo th`eot. Ymof tmo cdftrde ufnt ns cdffoctob td tmo th`eot, h ihtowhy hpp df tmo th`eot cdffocts tmo cdftrde ufnt td tmo Nftorfot.
Rmo Rwnf@dt ns h toeoprosofco rd`dt bovoedpjoft pehtldrj ydu chf `uneb ydursoel. Ymht jhgos nt spocnhe ns tmht tmo rd`dt ns bosnifob hs h soel-`hehfcnfi oeoctrnc scddtor, snjnehr td h sjhee Soiwhy. Soiwhy. @y cdftrhst, dtmor toeoprosofco rd`dts foob h lhnrey ehrio wmooe`hso ldr sufficnoft sth`nenty. Rmo Rwnf@dt ns vory seofbor, wmncm ofh`eos nt td jdvo jdro engo h rohe porsdf hfb invos nt h jdro mujhfdnb hppohrhfco. Rnppnfi dvor ns vnrtuheey njpdssn`eo tmhfgs td tmo `hehfco cdftrde heidrntmj. Rmo turfnfi cnrceo ns vory sjhee `ochuso tmo twd wmooe jdtdrs hro brnvof nfbopofboftey. nfbopofboftey. Rmo jd`neo Rwnf@dt cdjjufnchtos tmrduim h cdjphct hfb nfoxpofsnvo Hfbrdnb th`eot wntm hf =-nfcm scroof. Rmo th`eot prdvnbos tmo enfg td tmo dutsnbo wdreb hfb brnvos tmo Rwnf@dt cdftrde ufnt tmrduim h sornhe @euotddtm enfg. Lniuro 8 smdws tmo httrhctnvo hppohrhfco dl tmo fnsmob Rwnf@dt lrdj vhrndus hfieos.
Cdjpdfofts Hedfi wntm tmo oeoctrdjocmhfnche brnvo, tmo Rwnf@dt cdfsnsts dl h cdftrde ufnt hfb hf Hfbrdnb th`eot (soo Lniuro 0). Rmo cdftrde ufnt dl tmo Rwnf@dt ns oqunppob wntm h @euotddtm jdbueo, wmncm ns phnrob wntm tmo th`eot hfb roconvos cdftrde cdjjhfbs lrdj tmo th`eot. Nl focosshry, ydu chf osth`ensm h bnroct cdffoctndf td tmo cdftrde ufnt td brnvo tmo Rwnf@dt wntmdut tmo hnb dl tmo th`eot. Rmo cdftrde ufnt suppdrts h snjpeo prdtdcde ldr tmns purpdso. Ldr oxhjpeo, ydu chf sofb h snjpeo cdjjhfb
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Jocmhfncs Rmo jocmhfnche structuro dl tmo Rwnf@dt ns lhnrey snjpeo. Hee focosshry cdjpdfofts hro ttob df h jduftnfi lrhjo (soo Lniuro 3). Rmo heujnfuj wmooes hro 0; cj nf bnhjotor hfb mhvo spocnhe ru``or tnros (Lniuro 2) td goop tmo cdfthct hroh td h jnfnjuj nf drbor td robuco lrnctndf. Rmo wmooes hro jduftob bnroctey df tmo jdtdr smhlts usnfi cdeeots. @dtm BC iohr jdtdrs mhvo hf dutput rhtnfi dl hpprdxnjhtoey 0; Y, wmncm ns sufficnoft ldr tmns hppenchtndf. [dwor ns suppenob `y h 80 \ rocmhrioh`eo `httory. Rmo Rwnf@dt mhs twd phrgnfi `rhcos, ohcm oxtofbob hfb rotrhctob `y h cdfvoftndfhe sorvd dl tmo typo usob nf jdboe cdfstructndf. Rmo ldrcos hro bnstrn`utob td jnfnjnzo tmo roqunrob sorvd mdebnfi curroft. Hs chf `o soof nf Lniuro 3, h sthfbhrb HIJ 80 \ eohbhcnb `httory ns nfstheeob nf tmo jhnf jduftnfi lrhjo, hedfi wntm tmo jdtdrs hfb tmo cdftrde ufnt. Rmo oftnro hssoj`ey ns ofcedsob nf h styensm tu`uehr pehstnc mdusnfi, hs smdwf nf Lniuro 8. H pnpo cehjp ldr h 3?-jj uprnimt tu`o ns edchtob df tdp dl tmo jduftnfi lrhjo. Rmo pehstnc mdusnfi ns prolh`rnchtob wntm hee focosshry dpofnfis ldr tmo uprnimt tu`o, jhnf swntcm, EOB, cmhrinfi cdffoctdr hfb phrgnfi `rhcos. Rmo mdusnfi ns htthcmob td tmo jduftnfi lrhjo `y twd scrows ht tmo `dttdj. Rmo ch`eo ldr tmo tnet sorvd, wmncm heedws tmo th`eot td `o tnetob dvor h rhfio dl ¸2?», rufs tmrduim tmo uprnimt tu`o. Rmo tmroo-wnro sorvd ch`eo ns peuiiob nftd tmo cdftrde ufnt, wmncm ns edchtob bnroctey `oedw tmo pnpo cehjp. Rmo monimt dl tmo toeoscdpnc uprnimt tu`o chf `o hbaustob hfb socurob wntm h pehstnc cehjp. Rmns jhgos nt vory ohsy td hbhpt tmo monimt dl tmo Rwnf@dt td spocnc sntuhtndfs. Rmo th`eot tnet sorvd ns jduftob df hf hfieo `rhcgot ht tmo tdp dl tmo uppor tu`o. H ufnvorshe jduft ldr th`eots wntm hf =-nfcm scroof ns ieuob td tmo sorvd.
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Lniuro 2. Rmo jduftnfi lrhjo wntm tmo wmooes jduftob.
Lniuro ?. Rmo oeoctrdfncs hssoj`ey dl tm tmo Rwnf@dt.
Oeoctrdfncs Rmo cdftrde ufnt ns `unet hrdufb hf H\P HRJoih jncrdcdftrdeeor cedcgob ht 0; JMz (soo Lniuro ? hfb tmo bothneob scmojhtnc bnhirhj nf Lniuro <). Nts jhnf thsg ns td rohb bhth lrdj tmo J[_<;?; jdbueo, wmncm cdfthnfs h iyrdscdpo hfb h tmroohxns hccoeorhtndf sofsdr, prdcoss tmo sofsdr bhth, hfb brnvo tmo jdtdrs td goop tmo Rwnf@dt `hehfcob wmof nt n s sthfbnfi stnee dr jdvnfi sedwey hs bosnrob. Rmo J[_<;?; jdbueo ns cdffoctob td tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor dvor hf N°C `us. Rmo twd BC iohr jdtdrs hro brnvof `y hf SR E<0;?[ buhe `rnbio brnvor NC (NC<), wmncm ns edchtob nf tmo cdftrde ufnt. Rmns NC mhs nftorfhe dvoredhb hfb dvortojporhturo prdtoctndf cnrcuntry. Rmo jdtdr brnvor NC ns brnvof `y twd [YJ snifhes hfb twd cdftrde enfos tmht botorjnfo tmo rdthtndf bnroctndf dl tmo jdtdrs. Rmoso cdftrde enfos hro hppenob td FHFB ihtos tmht loob tmo [YJ snifhes td tmo hpprdprnhto nfputs dl tmo brnvor NC hccdrbnfi td tmo bosnrob rdthtndf bnroctndf. Rmo brnvor NC hesd mhs twd Ofh`eo nfputs tmht heedw tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor td bnsh`eo tmo `rnbio brnvor cnrcunts. Rmo Px hfb Rx enfos dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor mhrbwhro _HPR hro cdffoctob td tmo @RJ000 @euotddtm Cehss 8 jdbueo (NC3), wmncm mhs hs ush`eo rhfio dl up td 8;; j. Rmns ofh`eos vory roenh`eo @euotddtm cdffoctndfs. Rwd dtmor nfputs dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor hro rdutob td h I[ND mohbor, mohbor, wmncm chf `o usob td cdffoct dtmor sofsdrs hfb usor oxtofsndfs. Ldr oxhjpeo, nt cdueb `o usob td cdffoct Mhee sofsdrs td johsuro tmo rdthtndf spoob dl tmo wmooes.
ioforhtos sthfbhrb [YJ snifhes ldr tmoso sorvds df tmroo cdftrde enfos, wntm h porndb dl 0; js. Rmo sorvd suppey rhne mhs twd oxtrh-ehrio oeoctrdeytnc `uor chphcntdrs `ochuso sorvds chf dltof chuso ehrio curroft spngos. Rmns ns hesd tmo rohsdf wmy tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor ns pdworob lrdj h sophrhto vdethio roiuehtdr.
Rmo `httory vdethio ns johsurob `y hf HBC nfput dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor tmrduim h vdethio bnvnbor. Hfdtmor HBC nfput ns usob td johsuro tmo spoob dl tmo rd`dt `y johfs dl twd bndbos hfb h chphcntdr cdffoctob td dfo dl tmo jdtdrs. Ldr tmns purpdso, tmo `rnbio brnvor ns `rnoffy bnsh`eob ovory ?;; js hfb tmo `hcg OJL dl tmo jdtdr (hctnfi hs h ioforhtdr) ns johsurob `ochuso nt ns prdpdrtndfhe td tmo spoob. Rmo rosuetnfi snifhe ns sjddtmob `y tmo chphcntdr hfb shjpeob sovorhe tn jos `y tmo HBC burnfi tmo d porndb, hfb tmo hvorhio dl tmo shjpeos ns checuehtob td d`thnf tmo johsurob vheuo. Rmo jhnf swntcm, nfbnchtdr EOB hfb cmhrinfi cdffoctdr hro cdffoctob td tmo cdftrde ufnt tmrduim h vo-pnf mohbor. Rmo cdftrde ufnt mhs twd vdethio roiuehtdrs. Dfo dl tmoso EJ389s ns bobnchtob td tmo tmroo sorvds. Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor
Lnrjwhro Rmo rjwhro whs wrnttof nf @HSCDJ H\P. Nt cdfsnsts prnjhrney dl tmo jhnf eddp, wmncm ns nftorrupt brnvof ht h lroquofcy dl 8;; Mz (soo Lniuro 9). Nf tmo jhnf eddp tmo sofsdr bhth lrdj tmo J[_<;?; focosshry ldr `hehfcnfi tmo Rwnf@dt ns rohb vnh tmo N°C `us hfb prdcossob `y h [NB etor. Rmo vheuos ldr brnvnfi tmo twd jdtdrs hro bornvob lrdj tmo [NB etor dutput snifhe. Rmoy hro wrnttof bnroctey td tmo [YJ cdftrde roinstor td botorjnfo tmo hctuhe [YJ rhtnds dl tmo jdtdr dutputs. Nf Stdp jdbo tmo [NB phrhjotors hro cmdsof td goop tmo Rwnf@dt sthfbnfi df tmo spdt. H proroqunsnto ldr tmns ns h prdporey `hehfcob cdfbntndf d`thnfob `y bofnfi hf dsot hfieo tmht chusos tmo dvorhee systoj td rojhnf nf `hehfco. Rmns hfieo bopofbs df sovorhe lhctdrs, nfceubnfi tmo jhss dl tmo t h`eot, tmo jduftnfi pdnft dl tmo th`eot, hfb tmo nfcenfhtndf dl tmo ffddr. Rmo dsot hfieo chf `o hbaustob jhfuheey. Nl nt ns fdt cdrroct, tmo Rwnf@dt tofbs td `d` sedwey `hcg hfb ldrtm wmof nt ns nf Stdp jdbo. Rmo dsot chf `o hbaustob usnfi h chen`rhtndf tdde sd tmht tmo Rwnf@dt sthfbs stnee, `hehfcob df tmo spdt. H su`rdutnfo dl tmo jhnf eddp cdftrdes tmo tmroo sorvds. Rmoy hro brnvof `y sthfbhrb sorvd puesos wntm wnbtms lrdj 8 td 0 js, prdpdrtndfhe td tmo sorvd bnspehcojoft. Rmns rdutnfo ns oxocutob df ovory socdfb phss tmrduim tmo eddp, rosuetnfi nf h sthfbhrb pueso porndb dl hpprdxnjhtoey hpprdxnjhtoey 0; js. Hfdtmor su`rdutnfo johsuros tmo `httory vdethio hfb cdjputos h jdvnfi hvorhio. hvorhio. Rmo twd jdtdr `rnbio brnvors hro `rnoffy bnsh`eob ovory ?; phssos tmrduim tmo eddp, cdrrospdfbnfi td h lroquofcy dl 0 Mz. Burnfi tmoso smdrt `rohgs tmo `hcg OJL ioforhtob `y tmo rdthtnfi jdtdrs ns johsurob hltor tmo nfbuctnvo cdjpdfofts mhvo bochyob. Rmns vdethio ns usob td botorjnfo tmo curroft spoob. Bospnto hvorhinfi dl sovorhe shjpeos, tmo johsurob spoob ns fovor vory hccurhto, `ut nt ns iddb ofduim td provoft tmo Rwnf@dt lrdj oxcoobnfi tmo jhxnjuj porjnssn`eo spoob. Rmo jhnf eddp hesd sofbs tmo johsurob `httory vdethio td tmo
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Rmoro hro tmroo dporhtnfi jdbos1 [hrg, Stdp hfb Brnvo. Nf [hrg jdbo tmo phrgnfi `rhcos hro oxtofbob hfb tmo jdtdrs hro bnsh`eob. H Stdp cdjjhfb Stdp cdjjhfb puts tmo Rwnf@dt `hcg nftd tmo `hehfcob sthto. Nl tmo Rwnf@dt tmof roconvos h jdtndf cdjjhfb, sucm hs Ldrwhrb , @hcgwhrb , Eolt dr dr Pnimt , tmo [NB cdftrde phrhjotors hro hetorob hfb tmo dsot hfieo ns cmhfiob ldr h `rnol B2 NC? nftorvhe. Hs h cdfsoquofco, 8 ? JEE28 \NF \D_R tmo Rwnf@dt tnps senimtey ldrNC= E[0>=8J +?\SOP\D EJ389 3 C89 C8< 3.3\ whrb (ldr ldrwhrb jdtndf) DF 0 89 IFB [\CC \CC P0< dr `hcgwhrb (ldr `hcgwhrb 8;;f 2u9 0 HBA 3 ? HND; [ND; ?;\ 2 < jdtndf) hfb ns hccoeorhtob NC3 HND8 [ND8 8< 9 C0; C00 C8> C08 POSOR @RJ-000 [ND0 `y tmo `hehfco cdjpofshtndf H\PR] 32 = S[NTJNSD [ND3 P09 2u9 29;u 29;u 8;;f P8? 33 > 8<\ 8<\ S[NTCEG [ND2 ?;\ jocmhfnsj. Rmo jhifntubo dl 30 88 S[NTCS@ [ND? 38 80 @HR+ tmo hccoeorhtndf bopofbs df S[NTJDSN [ND< 0< 83 _HPRTP] [ND9 tmroo lhctdrs1 8. Rmo jduftH\PP] 09 82 HFR _HPRTR] [ND= L0 B8 3; 8? nfi monimt dl tmo th`eot 0. Rmo _HPRTCRS [ND> 0= 3< _HPRTPRS [ND8; JEE28 hfieo bnorofco 3. Rmo ffddr 0? 3? A[8; NC9 [CJTCEG [ND88 ES[8 02 39 8 @+ lrnctndf hfb tmo rdeenfi lrnctndf. [CJTD_R PLTND +?\ EJ389 03 08 0 @++ [CJTNF _S@TBF P8 Rmo hccoeorhtndf `omhvndr dl 00 0; 3 IFB [CJTS^FC _S@TB[ P8< P89 HBA 2 IFB tmo Rwnf@dt chf `o jdbnob ? EEOB8 C0 C3 C= 8 8; 8= 8 > 0 > 3 = bnroctey `y cmhfinfi tmo dP0 2u9 2u9 2u9 sot hfieo. Rmoso phrhjotors ?;\ ?;\ ?;\ +?\ chf hesd `o hetorob wntm tmo +?\ P> P8; chen`rhtndf tdde. [hrtncuehrey nf 2g9 8?P C8; C80 A[0 Stdp jdbo, tmo jdbnob [NB 8 2 < 8= 8;;f 8;;f cdftrde eddp phrhjotors rosuet 0 \ CC CC \ CC CC H\CC 0> 03 ID_R] 3 [C<(POSOR) [C;(HBC;/[CNFR=) nf iofteor hccoeorhtndf hbaust02 ID_RQ 2 [C8(HBC8/[CNFR>) \@HR 8> 0? SOP\D3 ? joft. Rd provoft tmo Rwnf@dt NC8 HBC< [C0(HBC0/[CNFR8;) S[OOB 00 0< SOP\D8 < HBC9 [C3(HBC3/[CNFR88) lrdj hccoeorhtnfi nfbofntoey, 09 SOP\D0 9 [C2(HBC2/SBH/[CNFR80) 0= OFH@P = wmncm wdueb uetnjhtoey eohb td [C?(HBC?/SCE/[CNFR83) +?\SOP\D JOIH2=/==/8<=-H_ lheenfi dvor, tmo hetorob dsot 80 3; H\PP] [@;(NC[8/CEGD/[CNFR;) [B;(PC]/[CNFR8<) A[3 [YJ 83 38 H\PR] SOP\D0 8 [@8(DC8H/[CNFR8) [B8(R]B/[CNFR89) hfieo ns cmhfiob `hcg td tmo [YJ0 82 30 0 [@0(SS/DC [@0( SS/DC8@/[ 8@/[CNFR CNFR0) 0) [B0(NFR; [B0( NFR;/[CN /[CNFR8=) F R8=) SOP\D0 fdrjhe vheuo hltor h bofob JDSN 8? 8 3 [@3(JDSN/DC0H/[CNFR3) [B3(NFR8/DC0@/[CNFR8>) JNSD 8< 0 CCY0 [@2(JNSD/[CNFR2) [B2(R;/]CG/[CNFR0;) fuj`or dl eddp oxocutndfs. A[? SCG 89 > [@?(SCG/[CNFR?) [B?(R8/DC;@/[CNFR08) SOP\D8 8 8; Rmns hfb tmo jdbnob [NB cdf[B<(HNF;/DC;H/[CNFR00) 0 SOP\D8 0; 88 CCY HPOL [B9(HNF8/[CNFR03) 3 trde eddp phrhjotors chuso tmo P08 P0; IFB IFB ]RHE88 ]RHE ]RHE ]RHE00 HIFB Rwnf@dt td irhbuheey cdjo td h 9 A[9 3 ? X8 = 08 SOP\D3 8 stdp wmof nt bdos fdt roconvo 0 SOP\D3 EOB0 EOB8 3 8=.230;JMz hfy fow cdftrde cdjjhfbs. Hs C88 C> C9 edfi hs Brnvo jdbo ns hctnvo 8;;f 8=p 8=p hfb tmo Rwnf@dt roconvos porn@HR+ dbnc jdtndf cdjjhfbs, nt ns cdfsthftey nf h sthto `otwoof C? C< C82 NC2.C B0 hccoeorhtndf hfb `rhgnfi. Mdw0 8> NC2.H = 8F282= 29;u 8;;f 8;;f 8; 8 P? 8<\ 8 \SH \S@ C8 > 3 P82 8 2g9 ovor, nt jdvos sjddtmey nl tmo 0 2 8;;P \C[ P3 ? 8;f OFH 2g9 [NB cdftrde eddp phrhjotors B3 NC2.@ NC< 8F282= [YJ ? P< P2 P00 2 89 8< hro prdporey cdfiurob. 2g9 \@DDR OF@ 2g9 8 CCY < E<0;?[B Nl tmo Rwnf@dt bdos fdt roconvo < > NF8H D_R8H B? 9 3 hfy fow cdftrde cdjjhfbs NF0H D_R0H NC0.C 82 80 P03 NF8@ D_R8@ NC0.H = burnfi h 8 socdfb nftorvhe, nt B< 3 3 2g9 8 0 = hutdjhtncheey swntcmos td Stdp SOFSO H 0x SE_I 83 SOFSO @ P02 8F282= NC0.@ jdbo wntm h mhrbor [NB cdfC2 C8= [YJ0 ? P80 2 8 2g9 trde eddp cmhrhctornstnc. Lrdj CCY0 < 00;f 8u 8 8; 88 0; 0?\ Stdp jdbo nt chf cmhfio td [hrg jdbo. g 8
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Ldr rojdto cdftrde dvor tmo Nftorfot, tmo cdftrde ufnt ns cdffoctob td tmo th`eot dvor tmo @euotddtm enfg hfb tmo th`eot ns cdffoctob td tmo Nftorfot tmrduim h YEHF. Rmns ns suppdrtob `y h ihtowhy hpp df tmo th`eot. Nt roconvos cdftrde cdjjhfbs soft lrdj tmo cdftrde bovnco td tmo Lnroldx `rdwsor df tmo th`eot nf cdjpenhfco wntm tmo Yo`PRC sthfbhrb. Rmo hpp ldrwhrbs tmoso cdftrde cdjjhfbs td tmo cdftrde ufnt dl tmo Rwnf@dt. Nf tmo dppdsnto bnroctndf, tmo cdftrde ufnt sofbs tmo curroft `httory cmhrio sthto hfb dtmor sthtus bhth td tmo th`eot, hfb tmo ihtowhy hpp trhfsjnts tmns bhth td tmo cdftrde bovnco nf tmo ldrj dl Yo`PRC josshios. H Yo`PRC`hsob vnbod/hubnd trhfsjnssndf hpp hesd rufs df tmo th`eot„s `rdwsor. Rmo ofb rosuet ns h cdjpeoto, rojdtoey cdftrdeeob toeoprosofco rd`dt.
Yo`PRC Rmo Yo`PRC Yo`PRC sthfbhrb, wmncm ns `hsob df MRJE ? hfb AhvhScrnpt, jhgos nt roehtnvoey ohsy td oxcmhfio bhth bnroctey `otwoof twd bovncos cdffoctob td tmo Nftorfot. Rmns johfs tmht nf hbbntndf td usnfi h `rdwsor td rotrnovo bhth lrdj sorvors, ydu chf uso nt td oxcmhfio rohe-tnjo bhth wntm dtmor `rdwsors. Yo`PRC ofh`eos `rdwsor-`hsob hppenchtndfs sucm hs vnbod cdflorofcnfi, bosgtdp smhrnfi, cmhttnfi hfb eo trhfslor. Rmo vnbod hfb hubnd strohjs chf `o trhfsjnttob bnroctey lrdj dfo `rdwsor td hfdtmor, wntmdut hfy jobnthtndf `y h strohjnfi sorvor. Hee tmht ns focosshry ldr tmns ns h sot dl prdirhj en`rhrnos, wmncm hro nftoirhtob nftd h wo`snto `y AhvhScrnpt. Rmo OhsyPRC lrhjowdrg ns usob td cdftrde tmo Rwnf@dt. Nt cdfsnsts dl h cenoft H[N wmncm ns nftoirhtob nftd h wo`snto `y AhvhScrnpt hfb prdvnbos hee focosshry lufctndfs ldr ediinfi nf td h cdjjufnchtndf sorvor. Rmo dfey lufctndf dl tmns sorvor ns td enfg tmo twd cenofts tdiotmor `y oxcmhfinfi pdrt fuj`ors hfb N[ hbbrossos. Dfco h cdffoctndf mhs `oof osth`ensmob, tmo cenofts chf oxcmhfio bhth, vnbod strohjs hfb hubnd strohjs wntm ohcm dtmor bnroctey nf rohe tnjo. H sunth`eo wo`snto mhs `oof crohtob ldr tmo Rwnf@dt td ofh`eo hutdjhtnc edinf td h bhth`hso hfb tmo cdjjufnchtndf sorvor. Rmo Rwnf@dt th`eot rst edis nf td tmo cdjjufnchtndf sorvor hfb d`thnfs tmo ufnquo sdcgob NB focosshry ldr lurtmor cdjjufnchtndf lrdj tmht sorvor. Rmof nt edis nf td tmo bhth`hso. Hltor succosslue vornchtndf dl tmo edinf bhth, tmo sdcgot NB roconvob lrdj tmo cdjjufnchtndf sorvor sor vor ns soft td tmo bhth`hso. Rd heedw tmo Rwnf@dt td `o cdftrdeeob lrdj hfdtmor bovnco, tmht bovnco rst edis nf td tmo bhth`hso vnh tmo twnfrd`dtncs wo`snto twnfrd`dtncs wo`snto W8Z hfb roconvos tmo curroft sdcgot NB ldr hccossnfi tmo Rwnf@dt. Rwnf@dt. Hltor tmo cdftrde bovnco mhs ediiob nf td tmo cdjjufnchtndf sorvor, sorvor, nt chf snjpey cdfthct tmo Rwnf@dt Rwnf@dt bnroctey usnfi h Chee lufctndf. Hltor h cdffoctndf mhs `oof osth`ensmob wntm Chee , `dtm cenofts (Rwnf@dt hfb tmo cdftrde bovnco) chf oxcmhfio vnbod hfb hubnd bhth nf rohe tnjo. Rmo wo`snto dl tmo cdftrde bovnco mhs h AhvhScrnpt lufctndf tmht sofbs goybdwf ovofts bnroctey td tmo th`eot dl tmo Rwnf@dt usnfi tmo Yo`PRC SofbJosshio lufctndf. SofbJosshio lufctndf. Rmns johfs tmht wmof h fhvnihtndf goy (ldr oxhjpeo, h cursdr goy) ns prossob df tmo cdftrde bovnco, h toxt josshio ns njjobnhtoey soft td tmo th`eot. Rmns josshio nf turf chees h AhvhScrnpt lufctndf df tmo wo`snto dl tmo th`eot. Rmo ihtowhy hpp tmof sofbs tmo cdftrde bhth td tmo Rwnf@dt cdftrde ufnt, wmncm ns cdffoctob td
Lnrjwhro Nftorrupt rdutnfo1 Rnjor 8;; Mz Sofsdr Bhth & HBC vheuos dl `httory vdethio
[NB lnetor
Sot `nts dl [YJ hfb bnroctndf
Sot [YJ ldr sorvds
Bohctnvhto M-`rnbio & HBC vheuos dl jdtdr dutput
?;x eddp oxocutob4
Rrhfslor `httory bhth vnh _HPR td @R jdbueo
Cdjjhfb `ullor rohb foxt cdjjhfb
Cdjjhfb nftorprothtndf sot jdbo & [NB phrhjotors
_HPR-POCNO\O NFROPP_[R
Yrnto cdjjhfb nftd cnrcuehr `ullor
Lniuro 9. Lnrjwhro `edcg bnhirhj.
tmo th`eot dvor @euotddtm. Rmns bhth oxcmhfio wdrgs nf `dtm bnroctndfs, sd sthtus bhth lrdj tmo Rwnf@dt (`httory vdethio, nfcenfhtndf hfieo, otc.) chf hesd `o soft td tmo cdftrde bovnco.
[hrts gnt Nl ydu hro sunth`ey lhjnenhr wntm rd`dtncs, rd`dtncs, jncrdcdftrdeeors hfb jocmhfncs, tmo boscrnptndf nf tmns hrtnceo smdueb `o ofduim td ofh`eo ydu td `uneb ydur dwf porsdfhe vorsndf dl h toeoprosofco oeoctrnc scddtor. scddtor. Ldr ovorydfo ovorydfo oeso, ospocnheey tmdso dl us wmd hro fdt hs goof td wdrg wntm brnees, shws hfb eos, h phrts gnt ldr tmns prdaoct ns hvhneh`eo df tmo wo` phio ldr tmns hrtnceo W0Z. Rmo gnt cdfthnfs hee focosshry jocmhfnche hfb oeoctrdfnc phrts, nfceubnfi h lueey hssoj`eob hfb tostob cdftrde ufnt. Nl ydu whft td custdjnzo tmo Rwnf@dt, ydu chf hesd bdwfedhb tmo sdltwhro lrdj tmo hrtnceo phio. (8?;380)
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Eoid Jnfbstdrjs Oeoctrncnty Jdfntdr
@y Qofd Dttof (Fotmorehfbs)
Rmo Eoid Jnfbstdrjs F]R, F]R, drninfheey ehufcmob nf 0;;<, ns stnee h vory pdpuehr jncrdcdftrdeeor. Hjdfi dtmor tmnfis, tmns chf `o soof lrdj jhfy hrtnceos, `ddgs, hfb rolorofcos df tmo Nftorfot. Dfo dl tmo jdst snifnchft njprdvojofts roehtnvo td tmo provndus Eoid PC] jncrdcdftrdeeor ns tmo suppdrt ldr tmo N0C prdtdcde. Sdltwhro hfb mhrbwhro ldr tmns twd-wnro cdjjufnchtndf `us hro fdw lueey suppdrtob. Rmns jhgos nt pdssn`eo td uso tmo ehtost (fdf-Eoid) sofsdrs nf h Eoid hppenchtndf, sucm hs h cdjphss sofsdr, hf hccoeorhtndf sofsdr, sofsdr, dr tmo RSE0?<8 enimt sofsdr usob nf tmns bosnif. Yo uso tmns sofsdr lrdj RHDSnfc W0Z tdiotmor wntm tmo F]R `rncg td jdfntdr mdusomdeb oeoctrncnty cdfsujptndf.
Rmo RSE0?<8 ns h enimt sofsdr tmht cdfvorts `rnimtfoss nftd h bninthe vheuo. Nt ojpedys twd pmdtdbndbos1 dfo td johsuro vnsn`eo hfb nflrhrob enimt (cmhffoe ;), hfb dfo td johsuro dfey nflrhrob enimt (cmhffoe 8). Rmoso twd sofsdr cmhffoes chf `o rohb dut nfbnvnbuheey nf bninthe ldrj wntm 8<-`nt rosdeutndf vnh h sornhe enfg cdjpenhft wntm tmo N0C prdtdcde. Rmhfgs td hf dptnjnsob johsurnfi johsurnfi rhfio, tmns rosuets nf h ”vnsuhe chphcnty„ cdjphrh`eo td tmht dl tmo mujhf oyo. Rmns sofsdr ns hf oxcoeeoft ropehcojoft ldr hfhediuo
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www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
enimt sofsdrs, wmncm hro dltof njpeojoftob usnfi h cdj`nfhtndf dl EBPs, EOBs hfb dphjps wntm dtmor oeoctrdfnc cdjpdfofts. cdjpdfofts. Rmo sofsdr cdsts eoss tmhf tmroo pdufbs/ourds hfb ns rohbney hvhneh`eo (lrdj Cdfrhb hfb dtmor sdurcos). Rmo jhfulhcturor„s bhth smoot prdvnbos oxtofsnvo nfldrjhtndf td moep ydu uso tmo sofsdr nf ydur dwf bosnifs. Jhfy jdborf mdusomdeb oeoctrncnty jotors mhvo h cduftor jocmhfnsj (sdjotnjos bninthe) tmht nfbnchtos tmo oforiy
cdfsujptndf. Rmoso jotors hesd mhvo h ffhsmnfi EOB. Rmo tnjo `otwoof succossnvo ffhsmos dl tmo EOB ns bnroctey roehtob td tmo oeoctrncnty cdfsujptndf. Rmns johfs tmht ydu chf botorjnfo ydur oeoctrncnty cdfsujptndf, nf `dtm pmysnche ufnts hfb fhfcnhe cdst, `y cdftnfuheey johsurnfi tmns tnjo. Moro wo uso tmo RSE0?<8 ldr tmo (dvorey) snjpeo purpdso dl botoctnfi tmo prosofco dr h`sofco dl enimt. Rmo sofsdr ioforhtos dfo fujornc vheuo wmof tmo EOB
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ns df hfb hfdtmor vheuo wmof nt ns d. ^du chf ohsney botorjnfo tmo tmrosmdeb vheuo oxpornjoftheey hfb tmof uso nt nf tmo sdltwhro. Nl ydu hnj tmo sofsdr ht tmo ffhsmnfi EOB dr thpo nt dftd tmo oeoctrncnty jotor hfb tmof cdffoct nt td tmo F]R `rncg, ydu chf uso tmo F]R hs h bhth ediior. Rmo rohbnfis chf `o smdwf df tmo F]R bnspehy hfb/dr wrnttof td h eo, wmncm chf su`soquoftey `o upedhbob hfb prdcossob ldr lurtmor hfheysns. Hfdtmor dptndf ns td uso h @euotddtm enfg td sofb tmo johsurob bhth bnroctey td h [C. Lniuro 8 smdws tmo cdjpeoto cnrcunt. Rmo RSE0?<8 mhs snx pnfs. [nfs < (SBH) hfb 2 (SCE) hro usob nf cdj`nfhtndf wntm twd puee-up rosnstdrs (P8 hfb P0) ldr cdjjufnchtndf wntm tmo N0C `us. Nf prnfcnpeo, ydu chf hesd uso h bnoroft jncrdcdftrdeeor nl nt suppdrts tmo N0C prdtdcde hfb tmo vdethio df tmo `us ns hrdufb ? \. Rmo puee-up rosnstdrs usuheey mhvo h vheuo nf tmo rhfio dl 8; td 8;; gℬ (tmo vheuo dl =0 gℬ usob moro wdrgs woee). Rmo nftorrupt pnf (pnf ?) chf `o usob wntm hf oxtorfhe snifhe td cdftrde tmo `omhvndur dl tmo sofsdr, `ut nt ns fdt usob moro. [nf 0 ns ldr hbbross soeoctndf. ^du ^du chf uso nt td sot tmo sofsdr hbbross td ;x2= mox wntm pnf 0 tnob td irdufb, ;x90 mox wntm pnf 0 tnob td \bb, dr ;x3= mox wntm pnf 0 eolt dpof. Rmo rhtob suppey vdethio (\bb) rhfio dl tmo RSE0?<8 ns 0.9 td 3.< \, wmncm ns senimtey edwor tmhf tmo usuhe vheuo dl ? \ ldr N0C cdjpdfofts. Qofor bndbo B8 hfb rosnstdr P3 hro nfceubob nf tmo cnrcunt td robuco tmo suppey vdethio lrdj tmo F]R `rncg td 3.3 \.
P8
P0
g 0 =
P3
g 0 =
= g 8
G8 8 0
8
3 2 2 ?
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SCE
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RSE0?<8
B8
SBH
F]R
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RoxtDut(;,ECBTENFO8,‚RSE RoxtDut(;,ECBTENFO8,‚RSE0?<8 0?<8 johsurojoft ―,lheso)7 tmrosmdeb:3 7
// enimt/bhrg bnllorofco
dfTtnjo:?;; 7
// EOB df tnjo nf js
NfntRSE0?<8()7 NfntRSE0?<8()7
// sthrt N0C hfb cdfvorsndf
BoeotoLneo(―bhthF]R.txt‚) BoeotoLneo(―bhthF]R.txt‚)7 7 CrohtoLneo(―bhthF]R.txt‚, CrohtoLneo(―bhthF]R.txt‚, <;;;;, mhfbeo)7 t;:CurroftRncg()7 t;:CurroftRncg()7
t8:;7
whttTdeb : ;7
wmneo (truo) { PohbRSE0?<8()7 nl (Cmhffoe; 6 tmrosmdeb) tmrosmdeb) { t8:CurroftRncg()7 t8:CurroftRncg()7
//js
bt: t8-t;7
t;:t87 whtt:(3<;;;/(?*bt))7 whtt:(3<;;;/(?*bt))7
//whtts
nl (whtt 6 whttTdeb)
H ffoxn`eo ffht ch`eo ttob wntm h spocnhe pmdfo peui (sunth`eo ldr tmo F]R) ns usob td cdffoct tmo sofsdr td tmo F]R `rncg. Sucm ch`eos chf `o purcmhsob rohbyjhbo nf vhrndus eofitms W3Z, dr ydu chf jhgo ydur dwf W2Z. Rmo sofsdr dccupnos hf hroh schrcoey ehrior tmhf 8; jj0. ^du wnee foob h ehrio jhifnlynfi iehss hfb h sdebornfi nrdf wntm h vory fo pdnft td sdebor h low wnros td tmo sofsdr. Rmo hutmdr ieuob tmo fnsmob sofsdr nftd h pehstnc chso. Oxcopt ldr h sjhee dpofnfi, tmo chso ns cdvorob wntm `ehcg thpo td jhgo nt enimt-tnimt. Rmo rosuet ns h rd`ust, ohsy-td-uso bninthe enimt sofsdr. Rmo sofsdr chf `o ttob td tmo oeoctrncnty jotor wntm h pnoco dl hbmosnvo thpo ldr dfenfo johsurojoft. Sdltwhro ldr tmo F]R `rncg chf `o ioforhtob nf h vhrnoty dl prdirhjjnfi ehf-
jsi : ―rnsnfi‚7 oeso jsi : ―lheenfi‚ 7
whttTdeb:whtt7 tjp : FujRdStr(bt)7 YrntoStrnfi(mhfbeo, YrntoStrnfi(mhfbeo, tjp,`ytosYrnttof)7 tjp,`ytosYrnttof)7 YrntoStrnfi(mhfbeo, YrntoStrnfi(mhfbeo, ―1‚,`ytosYrnttof)7 ―1‚,`ytosYrnttof)7 tjp : FujRdStr(whtt) FujRdStr(whtt) 7 YrntoEfStrnfi(mhfbeo, YrntoEfStrnfi(mhfbeo,
tjp,`ytosYrnttof)7 } Yhnt(dfTtnjo)7 Yhnt(dfTtnjo)7
//bopofbs df EOB df tnjo
// [ross [ross drhfio `uttdf df F]R F]R td td stdp stdp tmo tmo prdirhj prdirhj nl (@uttdf[rossob(3,;)) (@uttdf[rossob(3,;)) {
CedsoLneo(mhfbeo)7
`rohg7 }
SmdwPosuet()7
} // ofb wmneo
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ehtndf td botorjnfo wmotmor tmo cdfsujptndf ns nfcrohsnfi dr bocrohsnfi. Lnfheey, tmo bhth ns wrnttof td tmo eo, sophrhtob `y h cdedf (1). Rmo johsurnfi prdcoss cdftnfuos uftne tmo prdirhj ns torjnfhtob `y prossnfi h `uttdf df tmo F]R `rncg. Rmo SmdwPosuet prdcoburo smdws tmo rosuets df tmo F]R bnspehy.
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88
80
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iuhios. Rmo sthfbhrb Eoid sdltwhro mhs h lueey irhpmnche usor nftorlhco tmht chf `o usob td ioforhto prdirhjs `y snjpey enfgnfi lufctndfhe `edcgs tdiotmor. Nl ydu whft td uso nt ldr tmns jdfntdr hppenchtndf, ydu wnee mhvo td bdwfedhb hbbntndfhe peui-nfs td suppdrt N0C `us prdirhjjnfi. ”Pohe„ prdirhjjors prdirhjjors prolor td thcgeo tmo ad` nf h toxt-drnoftob prdirhjjnfi ofvnrdfjoft. Rmo hutmdr usob tmo lroo @rnxCC cdjpneor hfb bovoedpjoft ofvnrdfjoft W?Z (spocncheey bovoedpob ldr tmo Eoid jncrdcdftrdeeors) td ioforhto tmo sdltwhro ldr tmo dfenfo oeoctrncnty jdfntdr. Rmns cdjpneor ns stnee `onfi ofmhfcob, hfb iddb suppdrt ns hvhneh`eo lrdj Yo` ldrujs. ^du chf uso _S@ dr @euotddtm td upedhb hfb bdwfedhb eos. Luee F]R cdftrde ns hesd pdssn`eo wntm tmns sdltwhro. Rmo oforiy jdfntdrnfi prdirhj (Ofnjdf) nfceubos hee tmo rdutnfos focosshry ldr cdjjufnchtndf `otwoof tmo F]R hfb tmo RSE0?<8 vnh tmo N0C `us. Rmo sdurco cdbo chf `o bdwfedhbob lroo dl cmhrio lrdj tmo oxpoctob edchtndf1 tmo Oeogtdr wo`snto W8Z. Rmo jdst njpdrthft rdutnfo oxocutob nf tmo Ofnjdf cdbo ns smdwf nf Enstnfi 8. Rmo tmrosmdeb vheuo (tmo bninthe vheuo tmo sofsdr suppenos wmof tmo EOB ns df) ns sot nf tmo cdfiurhtndf soctndf dl tmo sdltwhro. Nt mhs h vheuo dl 3 nf tmns oxhjpeo, `ut tmo hctuhe vheuo just `o botorjnfob oxpornjoftheey. H vheuo ldr tmo ”df„ tnjo dl tmo EOB (nf jneensocdfbs) just hesd `o spocnlnob, snfco tmo prdirhj smdueb fdt stdro hfy sofsdr johsurojofts burnfi tmns porndb. H vheuo dl hrdufb ?;; js prdvob td `o hboquhto nf tmns oxhjpeo. Rmo hctuhe
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vheuo bopofbs df tmo typo dr jdboe dl tmo oeoctrncnty jotor. Hltor tmo suppey vdethio \bb ns cdffoctob, tmo sofsdr foobs h sthrt cdjjhfb `oldro nt sthrts dporhtnfi. Rmo NfntRSE0?<8 prdcoburo sthrts tmo sofsdr. H vheuo dl ;x;3 mox ns soft td tmo cdftrde roinstor nf tmo sofsdr. Hltor tmns, tmo twd H/B cdfvortors sthrt wdrgnfi wntm h bolhuet nftoirhtndf tnjo dl 2;; js. Rmo rosuets hro hvhneh`eo nf tmo Cmhffoe; hfb Cmhffoe8 roinstors ht tmo ofb dl tmo nftoirhtndf tnjo. Foxt, tmo bhthF]R.txt eo ns dpofob. Rmo provndus eo ns dvorwrnttof nf tmns prdcoss. Rmo jhxnjuj eo snzo ns sot td <; G@. Rmns ns lhnrey sjhee, `ut stnee ehrio ofduim td heedw bhth td `o cdeeoctob ldr sovorhe mdurs. \hrnh`eo t; ns hssnifob h sthrt tnjo `oldro tmo wmneo eddp ns oxocutob. [rdcoburo PohbRSE0?<8 rohbs Cmhffoe;. Cmhffoe8 (nflrhrob) ns nifdrob nf tmns hppenchtndf. Ymof tmo EOB ns df, tmo oehpsob tnjo snfco tmo provndus johsurojoft ns checuehtob hfb tmo pdwor cdfsujptndf nf whtts ns checuehtob. Rmo cdfvorsndf lhctdr foobob ldr tmns vhrnos lrdj dfo oeoctrncnty jotor td tmo foxt. Nf tmns oxhjpeo tmo cdfvorsndf lhctdr ns ?;; puesos por gnedwhtt-mdur (gYm). Rmo checuehtob vheuo ns cdjphrob wntm tmo rosuet dl tmo provndus checu-
Lniuro 0 smdws h rocdrb dl oeoctrncnty cdfsujptndf nf whtts vorsus tnjo. Rmo johsurojofts woro jhbo `y tmo Ofnjdf prdirhj hfb stdrob nf tmo bhthF]R.txt eo. Rmo johsurojoft bhth whs njpdrtob nftd hf Oxcoe eo hfb usob td ioforhto h cmhrt. H smdrt porndb wmof h cedtmos bryor hfb whsmnfi jhcmnfo cdeeoctnvoey chusob h cdfsujptndf dl <9;; whtts ns ceohrey vnsn`eo. (;=;0<0-N)
Nftorfot Enfgs W8Z www.oeogtdr.cdj/;=;0<0 W0Z www.thdsnfc.cdj W3Z www. jnfbsofsdrs.cdj W2Z www.pmnedmdjo.cdj/fxtpeui/fxtpeui. mtj W?Z mttp1//`rncxcc.sdurcoldrio.fot/
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H sjhrt oforiy jdfntdr @y Addp Rhp (FE)
Jdro hfb jdro sjhrt jotors hro `onfi nfstheeob nf bwoeenfis. Rmoso jotors heedw ihs hfb oeoctrncnty cdfsujptndf td `o rohb edcheey hfb rojdtoey, hfb tmo S₥J jdfntdr (_S1 $OJ) jhgos tmns bhth hvhneh`eo td tmo cdfsujor. cdfsujor. Nt„s hewhys fnco td `o h`eo td soo ydur oforiy cdfsujptndf (curroft dr cujuehtnvo) ht h iehfco. Nt„s ovof `ottor td h`eo td soo mdw jucm pdwor ydu hro loobnfi nftd tmo irnb nl ydu mhvo sdehr phfoes. Ospocnheey hltor ydu mhvo aust mhb tmoj nfstheeob, tmht t mht chf `o roheey mh`nt-ldrjnfi.
Lohturos
ldr dfey h low jdftms. Yntm dtmor hpps ydu mhvo td phy ldr tmns sorvnco.
• Pohbs bhney, jdftmey jdftmey hfb yohrey oeoctrncnty hfb ihs cdfsujptndf • Pohbs curroft pdwor cdfsujptndf cdfsujptndf • Pohbs curroft pdwor ioforhtndf • Edis bhth df hf SC chrb • Cmdnco dl Yn-Ln dr wnrob fotwdrg cdffoctndf • Sofbs bhth dvor tmo Nftorfot td hfy bosnrob rocnpnoft
Nl ydu mhvo h sjhrt jotor W8Z nf ydur mdjo, ydu chf oxtrhct h edt dl bhth lrdj nt. Rmoro hro hee sdrts dl hpps hp ps tmht eot ydu goop trhcg dl ydur cdfsujptndf, `ut N whftob h ehrio EOB bnspehy td soo tmo bhth nf rohe tnjo. N hesd whftob td `o h`eo td shvo tmo bhth ldr hs edfi hs N engob. Jhfy hpps dfey smdw tmo bhth ldr tmo provndus bhy hfb shvo tmo jotor rohbnfis
Ymht tmo S₥J bdos Rmo bhth lrdj tmo nftorlhco pdrt dl tmo sjhrt jotor ‒ nf jy chso h Ehfbys + Iyr I3?; snfieo-pmhso jotor usnfi tmo BSJP 2.; prdtdcde ‒ ns jhbo hvhneh`eo ovorywmoro nf tmo mduso dvor h wnroeoss fotwdrg. Rmns bhth chf tmof `o smdwf df tmo S₥J cdftrdeeor dr df h ehrio EOB bnspehy. Yntm tmo cdftrdeeor ydu chf rohb dut hee tmo bhth lrdj tmo sjhrt jotor hfb goop trhcg dl ydu bhney, jdftmey hfb yohrey oeoctrncnty hfb ihs cdfsujptndf. Rmo bhth ns wrnttof td h CS\ eo df hf SB chrb ovory ltoof jnfutos. Rmo shvob bhth chf ehtor `o usob td crohto dvorvnow cmhrts. Mdw nt wdrgs H sjhee nftorlhco jdbueo ns cdffoctob td tmo [8 pdrt dl tmo sjhrt jotor nf tmo
jotor `dx. N bosnifob twd vorsndfs dl tmns nftorlhco jdbueo1 dfo ldr wnrob fotwdrgs (Lniuro 8) 8) hfb hfdtmor ldr trhfsjnttnfi tmo bhth dvor h Yn-Ln fotwdrg (Lniuro (Lniuro 0) 0) td jhgo nt hvhneh`eo wnroeossey ovorywmoro nf tmo mduso. Rmo nftorlhco jdbueo rohbs tmo luee bhth lrdj tmo sjhrt jotor ovory 8; socdfbs usnfi tmo BSJP 2.; prdtdcde ht 88?,0;; `hub hfb sofbs tmo bhth hs hf _B[ phcghio. Rmo snifhe lrdj tmo jotor ns rst nfvortob td cdfvort nt nftd h cdfvoftndfhe cdfvoftndfhe sornhe bhth snifhe. Rmns sornhe snifhe ns hesd hvhneh`eo hs h RRE snifhe df CDF8 (RC[/N[ nftorlhco) dr BHRHTD_R (Yn-Ln nftorlhco). Rmo RC[/N[ nftorlhco cdfsnsts dl aust twd cdjpdfofts1 h RRE nfvortor NC hfb h _SPRC[030-R RC[030-R jdbueo, wmncm mhs td `o cdfiurob. Rmns chf `o bdfo cdjpeotoey vnh tmo fotwdrg usnfi tmo sdltwhro suppenob wntm tmo jdbueo. Rmo nftorlhco sthtus ns
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rojhnfnfi bhth ns rotrnovob rotrnovob hihnf lrdj tmo foxt josshio soft `y tmo jotor. Rmo SB chrb chf `o rojdvob td vnow hfb/dr prdcoss tmo bhth df tmo cdjputor. cdjputor. Hs ydu chf soo lrdj tmo scmojhtnc bnhirhj nf Lniuro 3, 3 , tmo trhfsjnt hfb roconvo cnrcuntry hrdufb tmo YnLey jdbueo ns fohrey tmo shjo hs df tmo Yn-Ln nftorlhco `dhrb. H iroof EOB nfbnchtos tmo Yn-Ln sthtus, h `euo EOB nfbnchtos nfcdjnfi bhth, hfb h rob EOB enimts up wmof bhth ns soft td tmo EOB bnspehy dvor tmo Yn-Ln enfg.
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Lniuro ?. Rmo EOB bnspehy usos tmo shjo [NC8=L0<0; jncrdcdftrdeeor hs tmo cdftrdeeor hfb chf tmoroldro hesd dporhto sthfb-hedfo.
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Fotwdrg cdfiurhtndf Nf drbor td uso tmo cdftrdeeor, ydu rst mhvo td oftor tmo SSNB hfb phsswdrb dl ydur mdjo fotwdrg. ^du hesd mhvo td hssnif N[ hbbrossos td tmo nftorlhco jdbueo hfb tmo EOB bnspehy jdbueo ldr vnsuhenznfi tmo bhth. H usor iunbo ldr tmns ns hvhneh`eo ht W0Z. Hltor cdjpeotnfi tmns cdfiurhtndf, sot tmo Jdbo aujpor td ―[NC‚. Hfy luturo cmhfios td tmo cdftrdeeor sottnfis chf `o jhbo dvor tmo fotwdrg usnfi tmo Roefot prdirhj. Nl tmo Yn-Ln enfg ns edst, tmns ns nfbnchtob df tmo ECB hfb h sdlt `oop snifhe ns ojnttob nl tmht dptndf ns ofh`eob. Rmo cdftrdeeor rjwhro whs wrnttof usnfi [NC @HSNC hfb tmo [rdtdf @HSNC cdjpneor (vorsndf 3.?.?.2) lrdj Crdwfmnee Hssdcnhtos. Lnrjwhro vorsndfs hro hvhneh`eo ldr snfieo-pmhso hfb tmroo-pmhso jotors, jotors, `dtm `hsob df tmo BSJP 2.; prdtdcde W0Z. Fdto tmht tmo sdltwhro mhs fdt `oof tostob wntm dtmor jotor jdboes. Rmo cdftrdeeor `dhrb ts nf h Jdfhcdr typo HM-8;0/SY heujnfuj ofcedsuro. Rmo SB chrb ns edchtob df dfo snbo, hedfi wntm tmo sthtus EOBs, 0.2 IMz Yn-Ln hftoffh hfb pdwor swntcm. H pdwor cdffoctdr ldr h 9-80 \ HC hbhptor ns edchtob df tmo dtmor snbo. H `euo 2-enfo `y 0;-cmhrhctor ECB ns jduftob df tmo lrdft, wntm h `hcgenimt hfb tmroo pusm`uttdfs. Rmo cnrcunt ns bosnifob td `o vory oforiy officnoft (eoss tmhf 8 Y) – hltor hee, ydu bdf„t whft td whsto oforiy aust td jdfntdr ydur dwf cdfsujptndf. Hjdfi dtmor tmnfis, tmo ECB `hcgenimt chf `o bnjjob hutdjhtncheey hltor h bofob tnjo nftorvhe wntm fd `uttdf pross.
Bhth df tmo EOB bnspehy Rmo EOB bnspehy cnrcunt `drrdws h edt lrdj tmo cdftrdeeor cnrcunt. Rmo edwor phrt dl tmo scmojhtnc ns vnrtuheey nboftnche. Mdwovor, nf tmns chso tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor brnvos vo JH]908> bnspehy jdbueos, ohcm wntm hf =x= EOB hrrhy. Rmo roconvob bhth ns bnspehyob `y tmoso jdbueos. Moro hihnf h iroof EOB nfbnchtos tmo Yn-Ln sthtus, h `euo EOB nfbnchtos nfcdjnfi bhth lrdj tmo cdftrdeeor, cdftrdeeor, hfb h rob EOB enimts up wmof tmo bhth ns soft df td h socdfb EOB bnspehy (nl prosoft). Hf
������„„� ������ ������ ������� � `eo td edi bhth df tmo SB chrb hfb tmo bhth tmht chf `o bnspehyob ns enjntob td tmo bhney oeoctrncnty hfb ihs cdfsujptndf hfb tmo ioforhtob hfb cdfsujob pdwor. Nf tmns chso tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor dl tmo EOB bnspehy
EBP ns usob td sofso tmo hj`noft enimt eovoe ldr hutdjhtnc hbaustjoft dl tmo EOB `rnimtfoss. Nl tmo Yn-Ln cdffoctndf ns edst, hltor h smdrt tnjo tmo josshio ―YnLn4‚ ns bnspehyob hfb h sdlt `oop ns ojnttob. Rmo YnLey jdbueo chf `o cdfiurob vnh tmo jnfn-_S@ pdrt ldr uso nf h fotwdrg (wntm tmo Jdbo aujpor nf tmo ―[PDI‚ pdsntndf). Hjdfi dtmor tmnfis, tmo SSNB hfb phsswdrb dl tmo YEHF just `o sot. H usor iunbo ldr tmns ns hvhneh`eo ht W0Z. Hltor cdjpeotnfi tmns cdfiurhtndf, put tmo aujpor nf tmo ―FDPJ‚ pdsntndf. Hfy luturo cdfiurhtndf cmhfios chf fdw `o jhbo vnh Roefot. Rmoro ns h aujpor df tmo `dhrb tmht puts tmo cnrcunt nf tost jdbo wntm hee EOBs ent. Rmo [C@ ns bosnifob td mhvo tmo EOB jhtrnx bnspehys `o peuiiob nftd tmo `dhrb (shfbwncm cdfstructndf). Ldr tmns tmo rnimt-hfieo mohbors just `o ropehcob `y strhnimt mohbors. Rmo EOB bnspehy ts nf hf ofcedsuro johsurnfi 89 Ù < Ù 2.? cj. Rmo hutmdr jhbo hf ofcedsuro lrdj snfieo-snbob [C@ jhtornhe. Rmo dfey cdffoctdrs hro ldr tmo HC hbhptor (9-80 \) hfb tmo Yn-Ln hftoffh. Rmo EOB bnspehy ns hesd vory oforiy officnoft, wntm h pdwor cdfsujptndf dl eoss tmhf 8.? whtts.
Dtmor cdfiurhtndfs Rmo EOB bnspehy chf hesd `o usob df nts dwf wntm tmo RC[/N[ dr Yn-Ln nftorlhco jdbueo, `ut nf tmht chso nt ns fdt pdssn-
just `o prdirhjjob wntm spocnhe sthfbhedfo sdltwhro. Rmo bhth lrdj tmo sjhrt jotor roconvob dvor tmo Yn-Ln enfg ns tmof bocdbob hfb hfheyzob bnroctey `y tmo EOB bnspehy nfstohb dl tmo cdftrdeeor. Yntm tmns hrrhfiojoft tmo bnspehy smdws tmo curroft pdwor `onfi lob nftd dr thgof lrdj tmo irnb, tmo fot bhney oeoctrncnty ushio, hfb dptndfheey tmo bhney ihs cdfsujptndf, cdfsujptndf, hee nf hetorfhtnfi soquofco. Moro A[3 ns usob td ofh`eo dr bnsh`eo tmo bnspehy dl ihs cdfsujptndf.
Cdfstructndf Nl ydu whft td `uneb tmns prdaoct, nt„s hbvnsh`eo td phy httoftndf td h fuj`or dl moeplue cdfstructndf tnps. Ldr nfsthfco, ydu smdueb cmocg wmotmor tmo cdftrdeeor [C@ `dhrb ts nf tmo ofcedsuro `oldro ydu sthrt sdebornfi cdjpdfofts. Nt ns hesd h iddb nboh td t tmo _S@ cdffoctdr rst, `ochuso nt ns tmo jdst bnfficuet. ^du smdueb hssoj`eo ohcm jdbueo nf sthios hfb tost ohcm sthio ldr prdpor dporhtndf, sd ydu bdf„t mhvo td trdu`eosmddt tmo oftnro cnrcunt nl sdjotmnfi bdosf„t wdrg. Dfco ovorytmnfi mhs `oof `unet hfb wdrgs prdporey, prdporey, ydu chf sthrt wntm tmo prdirhjjnfi hfb cdfiurhtndf. Yo mhvo cdeeoctob tmo focosshry rjwhro hfb usor iunbos ldr ydu W0Z. Nl ydu mhvo hfy quostndfs, tmo hutmdr ns rohby td moep ydu vnh mns wo`snto W3Z nf Butcm dr Ofiensm. (8?;?>=-N)
Yo` Enfgs hfb Lurtmor Nfldrjhtndf W8Z Sjhrt Jotor prdaoct phio1 fe.wngnpobnh.dri/wngn/Sen jjoTjotor (nf Butcm) W0Z Yo`snto ldr tmns hrtnceo1 www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;?>= W3Z Cdfthct tmo hutmdr1 mttp1//senjjojotor.anjbd.cdj/cdfthct Df tmo [8 pdrt1 mttp1//bdjdtncx.cdj/p8-pddrt-senjjo-jotor-mhrbwhro Hbbntndfhe pmdtds hfb vnbods1 mttp1//senjjojotor.anjbd.cdj (nf Butcm)
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Nf tmns hrtnceo wo wnee bojdfstrhto mdw ydu chf jhgo h wo` phio df h Phsp`orry [n sorvor, wmoro tmo fuj`or dl vnsntdrs ns smdwf df tmo phio ntsoel. Nf hbbntndf, tmns nfldrjhtndf ns hesd smdwf df h wnroeoss Hrbunfd wntm ECB.
Yo hssujo nf tmns hrtnceo tmht ydu gfdw mdw td dporhto tmo Phsp`orry [n, mdw ydu chf nfsthee sdltwhro df nt hfb mdw ydu nssuo cdjjhfbs. Nl tmns ns fdt sd, tmof nt ns pormhps h iddb nboh td rohb tmo provndusey joftndfob `ddg dr tmo fow tnteo ”Rmo Nftorfot dl Rmnfis ‒ Nf 3? prdaocts wntm tmo Phsp`orry [n hfb Hrbunfd„ rst. Rmo fow tnteo smdueb `o nf dur SRDPO hs ydu rohb tmns.
Lniuro 8. Rh`eot hfb tmo ]nfdPL wntm ECB smnoeb df tdp.
Rmo mhrbwhro ldr tmns prdaoct cdjprnsos hf ]nfdPL (hf Hrbunfd _fd wntm `unet-nf rhbnd jdbueo) hfb hf ECB-smnoeb. Ldr tmo wo` sorvor h Phsp`orry [n ns usob wntm h ”Senco dl Phbnd„ jdbueo. Rmo ]nfdPL hfb tmo Senco dl Phbnd jdbueo hro phrt dl tmo ”Ynroeoss Nfvoftdrs Gnt ldr Phsp`orry [n„ (h``rovnhtob ”PhsYNG„), wmncm ydu chf fb nf tmo Oeogtdr SRDPO W8Z. Rmo Phsp`orry [n mhs td `o cdffoctob td ydur rdutor usnfi ontmor h fotwdrg ch`eo dr Yn-Ln hfb ydu foob td gfdw wmht tmo N[ hbbross dl ydur Phsp`orry [n ns. Rmns prdaoct whs tostob wntm tmo SB chrb hccdjphfynfi tmo Oeogtdr `ddg ”Phsp`orry [n ‒ Oxpedro tmo P[n nf 2? Oeoctrdfncs [rdaocts„ hfb hesd wdrgs wntm tmo SB chrb lrdj tmo PhsYNG sot. Dtmor SB chrbs bdf„t mhvo tmo focosshry sottnfis ldr rhbnd trhffic hfb/dr [ytmdf wo` sorvors hfb nt ns prolorh`eo tmht ydu bd fdt uso tmdso.
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Bosnif H snjpeo [ytmdf nftorfot sorvor rufs df tmo Phsp`orry [n. Rmo mdjo phio ldr tmns sorvor (nfbox.mtje) smdws hf njhio hfb tmof hutdjhtncheey sthrts h [ytmdf prdirhj df tmo Phsp`orry [n. Rmo rosuet dl tmns prdirhj ns smdwf nf tmo n fbox.mtje phio nf hf nlrhjo (soo Enstnfi 8). Rmns ns h lrhjo tmht ns nfsnbo h wo` phio. ^du chf uso nt td smdw hfdtmor wo` phio lrdj wntmnf h wo` phio. Nf tmns prdaoct tmo socdfb wo` phio ns ioforhtob `y tmo [ytmdf prdirhj. Rmht tmo mdjo phio ns h`eo td ruf h prdirhj df tmo Phsp`orry [n ns `ochuso dl tmo CIN, tmo Cdjjdf Ihtowhy Nftorlhco. Hs h socurnty lohturo hihnfst ufhutmdrnzob uso, tmns dfey wdrgs df tmo Phsp`orry [n wntm prdirhjs tmht hro stdrob nf h spocnhe bnroctdry wntm tmo fhjo ”cin-`nf„. Nf hbbntndf, tmo dwfor dl tmo Phsp`orry [n mhs td invo tmoso prdirhjs oxocuto rnimts `oldromhfb. Nf tmns why ufhutmdrnzob usors hro provoftob lrdj ruffnfi hfy hr`ntrhry prdirhj. ^du jhy fdt `o lhjnenhr wntm tmo MRJE vnowpdrt thi ht tmo mohb dl tmo phio (soo Enstnfi 8). Rmns thi ns usob td scheo tmo phio sd nt ts prdporey df th`eots hfb sjhrtpmdfos (soo Lniuro 8). Rmo njhio
df tmo phio ns 0=< pnxoes wnbo, sd wo sot tmo vnowpdrt senimtey `niior, fhjoey 3;; pnxoes, sd tmht wo wnee mhvo h sjhee wmnto `drbor df tmo eolt hfb rnimt dl tmo njhio. ^du chf hesd jhgo tmo vnowpdrt oxhctey tmo shjo snzo, `ut tmof tmo usor jhy wdfbor wmotmor phrt dl tmo phio ns jnssnfi `ochuso tmoro ns fd wmnto `drbor td `o soof. Rmo prdirhj sthrtob `y tmo nfbox.mtje phio, vnsntdr.py, rsts httojpts td dpof h eo tmht goops trhcg dl tmo fuj`or dl vnsntdrs. Rmns eo ns stdrob df tmo Phsp`orry [n sorvor. Nl tmo eo bdos fdt oxnst tmof tmo phio mhs fdt yot `oof vnsntob hfb tmo cduftor ns nfntnhenzob td ;. Nl tmo eo oxnsts tmof tmo vheuo tmht ns stdrob nf nt ns rotrnovob. Su`soquoftey tmns vheuo ns nfcrojoftob `y dfo hfb tmof stdrob `hcg nftd tmo eo. Hltor tmns, tmo toxt ―^du hro vnsntdr fuj`or1‚ ns hbbob hfb soft vnh tmo wnroeoss cdffoctndf td tmo Hrbunfd. Lnfheey tmo prdirhj ioforhtos h wo` phio cdfthnfnfi tmns toxt hfb sofbs tmns `hcg td tmo nfbox.mtje phio, wmoro nt ns smdwf nf hf nlrhjo. Nf Enstnfi 0 wo dfey smdw tmo fhe phrt dl tmo prdirhj, tmo cdjpeoto sdurco cdbo ns nfceubob wntm tmo bdwfedhb tmht hccdjphfnos tmns hrtnceo W0Z. ^du wnee soo tmht tmo prdirhj ”prnfts„ hf MRJE phio. Nf rohenty, wmhtovor h CIN-prdirhj prnfts bdos fdt id td tmo scroof (dr h prnftor), `ut ns soft td tmo `rdwsor hs h eo. Rmo `rdwsor wnee tmof smdw tmo eo hs h wo` phio, nf tmns chso nf tmo jnbbeo dl tmo phio nfbox.mtje, ht tmo pdsntndf dl tmo nlrhjo. Rmo Hrbunfd ns ruffnfi tmo prdirhj vnsntdr.nfd. ntdr.nfd. Rmns prdirhj rufs cdftnfudusey hfb ns tmoroldro fdt sthrtob `y nfbox. mtje. Rmns prdirhj nfntnhenzos tmo ECB
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hfb tmof whnts ldr tmo bhth td hrrnvo vnh tmo rhbnd. Rmns bhth ns tmof bnspehyob df tmo ECB hfb ns fohtey `rdgof nftd juetnpeo enfos. Ymof tmo Phsp`orry [n sofbs tmo tnebo cmhrhctor (~), tmo ECB scroof ns orhsob. Rmns why wo chf ofsuro tmht tmo josshio wnee t. Rmo sdurco cdbo ldr tmns prdirhj ns hesd nf tmo bdwfedhb W0Z.
Dporhtndf Moro ldeedws h sujjhry dl tmo stops ydu foob td ldeedw1 8. Cdpy tmo prdirhj vnsntdr.nfd usnfi tmo Hrbunfd NBO NBO lrdj ydur ydur [C td tmo ]nfdPL. 0. Jhgo suro tmht tmo bnsthfco `otwoof tmo Hrbunfd hfb tmo Phsp`orry [n ns ht eohst ?; cj, `ochuso dl tmo wnroeoss cdffoctndf. Rmoro ns tmoroldro fd wnrob cdffoctndf `otwoof tmo Hrbunfd hfb Phsp`orry [n! 3. Crohto h bnroctdry ldr tmns prdaoct df tmo Phsp`orry [n hfb chee tmns bnroctdry ”sorvor„. Nfsnbo tmns bnroctdry crohto h su`-bnroctdry wntm tmo fhjo ”cin-`nf„. Fdto1 ydu mhvo td uso tmo fhjo cin-`nf (wntmdut hfy chpnthe eottors hfb wntm tmo mypmof), dtmorwnso ydu wnee fdt `o h`eo td ruf hfy prdirhjs rojdtoey. 2. Cdpy nftd tmo sorvor bnroctdry tmo ldeedwnfi eos (ydu chf cdpy tmoso lrdj tmo bdwfedhb ldr tmns hrtnceo)1 nfbox.mtje, lhvncdf.ncd hfb woecdjo.api ?. Cdpy nftd tmo bnroctdry cin-`nf tmo ldeedwnfi eo1 vnsntdr.py. Fdto1 bd fdt dpof tmns eo df ydur [C, fdt ovof aust td rohb nt. Nl Nl ydu bd tmns, tmns, tmof tmo eo wnee `o stdrob nf h bnoroft why hfb nt bdosf„t wdrg hfyjdro
Lniuro 0. Rmo Phsp`orry [n wntm tmo Senco dl Phbnd jdbueo.
(ydu wnee iot h josshio nf tmo wnfbdw nf wmncm tmo sorvor ns ruffnfi tmht tmo eo chffdt `o ldufb, ovof tmduim nt ns tmoro). <. Invo tmo eo oxocuto porjnssndfs `y oxocutnfi tmo ldeedwnfi nfstructndf nf tmo cin-`nf bnroctdry1 cmjdb u+x vnsntdr.py
Nl ydu ldriot td bd tmns, ydu wnee stnee soo tmo nfbox.mtje phio, `ut fd cduftor vheuo. Hf orrdr josshio hesd hppohrs nf tmo wnfbdw nf wmncm tmo sorvor ns ruffnfi. 9. Id `hcg td tmo sovor bnroctdry hfb sthrt tmo sorvor usnfi1
Lniuro 3. Yo` phio nfbox.mtje df h ehptdp.
mttp1//8>0.8<=.89=.081=;=;/nfbox.mtje
^du wnee fdw soo h phio hs ns smdwf nf Lniuro 3. Ohcm tnjo wmof ydu rolrosm tmo phio tmo cduftor wnee nfcrohso `y 8. Ymht tmns eddgs engo ns smdwf nf Lniuro 8. ^du ^du chf fb jdro prdaocts engo tmns nf tmo fowey pu`ensmob `ddg ”NdR IOR-_-IDNFI IOR-_-IDNFI – Nf 3? prdaocts wntm tmo Phsp`orry [n hfb Hrbunfd ” `y Jhhrtao Ahfsoo. (8?;??8)
pytmdf -j CINMRR[Sorvor =;=;
Rmns mhs td `o bdfo lrdj tmo sorvor bnroctdry. Nl ydu bd fdt bd tmht tmof ydu wnee fdt soo tmo nfbox.mtje phio. =. Fdw id td h wo` `rdwsor df ydur [C dr th`eot hfb oftor tmo ldeedwnfi hbbross (bdf„t ldriot td ropehco jy N[ hbbross wntm tmht dl ydur Phsp`orry [n). Nl ydu bd fdt gfdw tmo N[ hbbross dl ydur Phsp`orry [n, tmof edi nftd ydur rdutor hfb id td tmo phio tmht ensts tmo cdffoctob bovncos. Rmoro ydu wnee soo tmo Phsp`orry [n, nfceubnfi nts hbbross.
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Scrdeenfi @hffor ldr Hrbunfd wntm h 8< x 8< EOB jhtrnx @y Rhj Mhffh (Iorjhfy)
Rd jhgo h scrdeenfi `hffor bnspehy wo aust foob hf Hrbunfd, hf EOB jhtrnx bnspehy hfb h low NC„s. H lroo sdltwhro tdde lrdj Jngrdoeogtrdfngh ns usob td cdfvort h cdjpeoto cmhrhctor sot nftd enfos dl cdbo.
Nt bdosf„t jhttor nl ydu hro nf Fow ^drg, Lrhfglurt, \noffh dr @onanfi1 scrdeenfi `hffor bnspehys wnee `o roehynfi tmo ehtost stdcg prncos hfb jhrgot sthtnstncs. Jhgnfi ydur dwf ruffnfi toxt bnspehy ns hf n ftorostnfi prdaoct7 nt foobs sdjo mhrbwhro hs woee hs sdltwhro sgnees `ut bdf„t
wdrry wo wnee thgo ydu tmrduim tmo wmdeo prdcoss stop `y stop.
Rmo cnrcunt Rmo scmojhtnc ns smdwf Lniuro 8. Hf EOB ns cdffoctob ht ohcm crdssnfi pdnft dl tmo jhtrnx rdws hfb cdeujfs nf tmo bnhirhj.
EOB Jhtrnx 8< x 8< EOB
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Lniuro 8. Rmo scmojhtnc. Rmo ”03= bocdbor NCs ofh`eo ohcm rdw nf soquofco. Rmo EOBs nf tmo rdw wnee `o ent hccdrbnfi td tmo bninthe phttorf prosoftob `y tmo ”002 `uors brnvnfi tmo cdeujfs. Hee dl tmo Hrbunfd„s Hrbunfd„s pdrt pnfs pnfs hro usob.
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Rmo 8< x 8< EOB jhtrnx hroh ns bnvnbob nftd ldur soijofts ldr cdftrde `y hf Hrbunfd. Rmo ad` dl tmo ”03= 3-td-= enfo bocdbor NCs ns td hctnvhto ohcm rdw nf soquofco. Rmo twd ”022 `uor NCs chf turf df hfy EOB nf tmo jhtrnx `y pueenfi nts cdeujf edw wmof nts cdrrospdfbnfi rdw ns hctnvo. Hee dl tmo hvhneh`eo Hrbunfd„s bninthe pdrt pnfs hro usob up brnvnfi tmo EOB jhtrnx. Hbbntndfhe trhfsnstdrs chf `o usob td nfcrohso tmo bnspehy `rnimtfoss `ut wo bd fdt mhvo ofduim sphco moro td oxpedro tmo tdpnc lurtmor.
Hfb sd td cdbo… Dur uetnjhto idhe ns td hcmnovo tmo focosshry cdftrde usnfi aust h cehssnc Hrbunfd1 Nf drbor td snjpenly tmo bovoedpjoft prdcoss wo wnee mdwovor sthrt d wntm tmo jdro pdworlue Hrbunfd Qord, tmhfgs td tmo bo`uiior hfb wnbo rosdurco pdde nt wnee snjpenly tmo prdcoss dl heidrntmj bovoedpjoft bovoedpjoft – cdbo dptnjnzhtndf chf cdjo ehtor. Hetmduim tmns hpprdhcm jhy ht rst sooj cduftor-nftuntnvo, nf prhctnco nt mhs dltof prdvob wdrtmwmneo. Nt„s ioforheey jucm ohsnor td dptnjnzo hfb nboftnly wmoro cdrfors chf `o cut nf h systoj tmht„s herohby wdrgnfi hfb tmo uso dl h jdro pdworlue prdcossdr ns dl `ofot td iot tmo cdftrde systoj up hfb ruffnfi nf tmo rst pehco. Rmo uso dl MC lhjney edinc NCs nf tmo cnrcunt heedws nt td ruf wntm h suppey hs edw hs 3.3 \ sd swntcmnfi `otwoof tmo twd bnoroft Hrbunfd `dhrbs wnee fdt chuso h prd`eoj. Rhgo chro wmof wdrgnfi wntm tmo Qord, nt chf dfey tdeorhto 3.3 \ df nts N/Ds sd uso tmo suppey lrdj tmo 3.3 \ pnf df tmo Hrbunfd. Puf tmo prdirhj smdwf nf Enstnfi 8. Rmhfgs td tmo uso dl tmo tm o twd ”03= bocdbor NCs wo chf hbbross tmo 8< rdws usnfi aust h ldur-`nt `nfhry vheuo df tmo H; td H3. Nf tmo hctnvhtoPdw lufctndf hee tmo rdws hro rst sot Edw hfb bopofbnfi df tmo sthto dl tmo `nts nf tmo Twmncm vhrnh`eo, tmo cdrrospdfbnfi enfos hro tmof sot Mnim nfsnbo tmo ldur ”nl„ sthtojofts. Rmo cdbo nf Enstnfi 0 smdws h jotmdb td prdbuco tmo scrdeenfi ooct. Rmo rdws hro hctnvhtob nf soquofco `y cheenfi hctnvhtoPdw ldr ohcm rdw. Nf tmo nffor eddp wo rst bnsh`eo tmo cdeujfs `y sottnfi tmoj hee mnim. Ohcm cdeujf ns tmof hctnvhtob nf soquofco. H sjhee boehy (boehy) ns usob td prdbuco h scrdeenfi EOB pdnft dl enimt.
Nrdf dut mhrbwhro orrdrs Rmoro hro sd jhfy cdffoctndfs df tmo EOB jhtrnx nt ns ohsy td jhgo h jnsthgo. Rd iot rdufb tmo foob td puee hee tmo cdffoctndfs hfb sthrt hihnf sdjo sjhee orrdrs chf `o nrdfob dut nf sdltwhro. Rmo hutmdr usos tmo jhpPdw rdutnfo td jhp tmo edinche rdws hccdrbnfi td tmonr pmysnche cdffoctndfs (Enstnfi 3). Sot tmo ldft Sd wo chf cdftrde nfbnvnbuhe pdnfts df tmo bnspehy. Rd bnspehy cmhrhctors wo foob h cmhrhctor ldft. Rmo jhadrnty dl toxt ydu rohb df [Cs uso RruoRypo ldfts. Rmoso hro `hsob df h voctdr bhth ldrjht hfb roqunro su`sthftnheey jdro prdcossnfi tmhf ns typncheey hvhneh`eo lrdj h sjhee JC_. Nf hbbntndf, tmo cmhrhctor sphcnfi dl RRL ldfts ns fdt ufnldrj1 hf ”N„ roqunros eoss sphco tmhf hf ”J„. Rmns prd`eoj chf `o
Enstnfi 8. Brnvnfi tmo rdws.
vdnb sotup() { ldr(nft n:;7n5837n+ n:;7n5837n++) +) { pnfJdbo(n,D_R[_R)7 nl(n6:<)bnintheYrnto(n,EDY)7 } } cdfst cdfst cdfst cdfst
nft nft nft nft
RHJTH;:;7 RHJTH8:87 RHJTH0:07 RHJTH3:37
vdnb hctnvhtoPdw(ufsnifob hctnvhtoPdw(ufsnifob cmhr Twmncm) { Twmncm:jhpPdw(Twmncm)7 bnintheYrnto(RHJTH;,lheso)7 bnintheYrnto(RHJTH8,lheso)7 bnintheYrnto(RHJTH0,lheso)7 bnintheYrnto(RHJTH3,lheso)7 nl(Twmncm&8) { bnintheYrnto(RHJTH;,truo)7 } nl(Twmncm&0) { bnintheYrnto(RHJTH8,truo)7 } nl(Twmncm&2) { bnintheYrnto(RHJTH0,truo)7 } nl(Twmncm&=) { bnintheYrnto(RHJTH3,truo)7 } }
Enstnfi 0. H ruffnfi EOB spdt.
vdnb eddp() { wmneo(8::8) { ldr(nft a:;7a58<7a+ a:;7a58<7a++) +) { hctnvhtoPdw(a)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(83,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(80,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(88,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(8;,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(>,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(=,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(9,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(<,truo)7 bnintheYrnto(<+n,lheso)7
boehy(0?)7 } } }
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Lniu Lniuro ro 0. Njpdr Njpdrtt h syst systoj oj ldft ldft usn usnfi fi tmo tmo IEC IECB B Ldf Ldftt Cro Croht htdr dr tdde tdde..
Lniu Lniuro ro 3. Soeo Soeoct ct tmo tmo ldf ldftt snz snzo7 o7 wmof wmof tmo tmo snz snzo o ns ns fdt fdt hvhn hvhneh eh`e `eo o hs hs hf hf dpt dptnd ndf, f, oftor nt jhfuheey.
sdevob `y usnfi h jdfdsphco ldft sd nf tmo ldeedwnfi stops wo wnee `o usnfi Cdurnor.
lrdj hee tmns ns tmo C-Hrrhy C-Hrrhy smdwf nf Lniuro ?. Foxt jhgo h cdpy dl tmo cdbo usnfi Fdtophb hfb soeoct tmo uffoobob eofitm `yto nf tmo th`eo hs smdwf nf Lniuro <. Cdpy tmo eofitm `yto toxt nftd tmo ”Lnfb„ oeb dl tmo obnt dptndfs hfb uso ”Lnfb hfb Popehco„ td boeoto hee tmo dccurrofcos dl tmo eofitm `yto (Lniuro 9). Ehstey ropehco tmo bhth typo ”smdrt„ wntm ”Nft„ hfb tmo obntnfi ns fnsmob.
Rmo jncrdcdftrdeeor Rdde cmhnf bovoedpor Jngrdoeogtrdfngh prdbuco h usolue prdirhj wmncm hjdfist dtmor tmnfis, chf `o usob td njpdrt hfb obnt ldfts hfb cdfvort tmoj nftd sdurco cdbo. Rmo `hsnc vorsndf dl IECB Crohtdr ns lroo hfb chf `o bdwfedhbob lrdj W8Z wo chf fdw crohto h fow ldft `hsob df Cdurnor. Moro ydu foob td njpdrt h fow systoj ldft, hs smdwf nf Lniuro 0. Sot tmo cmhrhctor monimt td 83. Rmns vheuo ns fdt h sthfbhrb snzo sd nt„s focosshry td oftor tmo vheuo `y mhfb hs smdwf nf Lniuro 3. Rmo foxt stop ns td cdfrj tmo njpdrt sottnfis hs smdwf nf Lniuro 2 – tmo su`soquoft dptnjnzhtndf prdcoss thgos h entteo wmneo td cdjpeoto.
Fdw cdpy tmo Cdurnor8;x83-Hrrhy nf tmo .c-eo. Dur vorsn df dl tmo EOB jhtrnx cdftrde just cdftrde tmo eolt mhel hfb tmof tmo rnimt mhel dl tmo jhtrnx nf soquofco (wmncm wo bnbf„t thgo chro dl nf tmo ruffnfi EOB bdt rdutnfo ohrenor). Rmo jotmdb usob nf Enstnfi 2 hctnvhtos ontmor tmo eolt dr rnimt mhfb ”022 `uor bopofbnfi df tmo sthto dl @nt Tmn.
Cmocg tmo snzo dl tmo ioforhtob cmhrhctor hs nt hppohrs ht tmo `dttdj dl tmo scroof. Nl nt„s fdt 8; x 83, soeoct @htcm -6 Cdeujfs -6 Nfs Cdeujf hfb tmof @htcm -6 Nfvort Hee. Foxt cencg df Oxpdrt hfb tmof tmo jncrdC th`. Ymht ydu ihnf
Ht tmns pdnft oxpornofcob rohbors wnee prd`h`ey pdnft dut wo cdueb shvo h cdftrdeeor N/D pnf `y usnfi hf oxtorfhe nfvortor td ofh`eo ontmor tmo eolt dr rnimt mhfb `uor. Rmns ns cdrroct `ut wdueb nfcrohso mhrbwhro cdjpeoxnty.
Lniuro Lniuro 2. Rmo IECB Ldft Crohtdr Crohtdr chf hutdjhtnche hutdjhtncheey ey rojdv rojdvo o uffocoss uffocosshry hry pnxoes. pnxoes.
Lniuro ?. Rmo rosuet1 rosuet1 H C-hrrhy C-hrrhy dl tmo cmhrhctor roprosofthtndf.
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Lniuro <. Rmoso `ytos hro fdt roqunrob.
Lniuro 9. Yntm tmo ”Popehco wntm„ oeb ojpty, hee tmo Eofitm @ytos wnee `o rojdvob.
Rmo foxt sthio fdw ns td rofbor nfbnvnbuhe cmhrhctors df tmo bnspehy jhtrnx. Ldr tostnfi hfb bovoedpjoft wo wnee wrnto h sjhee bojd rdutnfo. Nf tmo Ldr eddp nt thgos cmhrhctors nf tmo ldft th`eo wntm vheuos lrdj 30 td 809. Ohcm cmhrhctor ns wrnttof td tmo jhtrnx 80; tnjos `oldro tmo foxt cmhrhctor ns bnspehyob. Rmns jhgos tmo cmhrhctor rohbh`eo7 dtmorwnso nt wnee `o aust h lhnft `eur (Enstnfi ?). H ldft crohtob wntm IECB Ldft Crohtdr cdfthnfs cmhrhctors lrdj 30 td 809. Snfco tmo rst cmhrhctors hro fdt phrt dl tmo hrrhy tmo dsot dl h phrtncuehr cmhrhctor chf `o botorjnfob `y su`trhctnfi 30.
trncg1 bnintheYrnto heedws hee vheuos irohtor tmhf ; hs truo. Yo HFB tmo vheuo lrdj wmncmRdYrnto ldr ohcm `nt wntm h jhsg, prdbucob `y tmo eolt-smnltob `nt hbbross. Rmo rnimt snbo dl tmo EOB jhtrnx ns brnvof snjnehrey. Rmo vhrnh`eo dllsot ns nfntnheey nfcrojoftob. Rmns invos us hccoss vnh
Fdw wo chf sot td rofbornfi h cmhrhctor df tmo jhtrnx (soo Enstnfi <). Dfco tmo Dsot dl tmo rst `yto dl tmo cmhrhctor ns checuehtob tmo eddp ntorhtos tmrduim hee 8; cdeujfs dl tmo cmhrhctor roprosofthtndf nf succossndf. Lnrst tmo wmncmRdYrnto `yto ns d`thnfob wmncm nf tmo scmojhtnc brnvos tmo cdeujfs df tmo eolt mhfb snbo dl tmo jhtrnx (F.@. Rmo cmhrhctor ns bnspehyob turfob tmrduim >;»). Hs cdeujf nfldrjhtndf ldr tmo cmhrhctor ns wrnttof td tmo jhtrnx tmo cdrrospdfbnfi rdw nf tmo scmojhtnc wnee `o hctnvhtob td enimt tmo EOBs. Yrntnfi tmo bhth `nts td tmo cdeujf brnvors nfvdevos h entteo
Enstnfi 2. Swntcmnfi `otwoof eolt hfb rnimt mhfb mhevos dl tmo bnspehy.
vdnb pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(`dde Tmn) { nl(Tmn) { bnintheYrnto(2,MNIM)7 bnintheYrnto(?,EDY)7 } oeso { bnintheYrnto(2,EDY)7 bnintheYrnto(?,MNIM)7 } }
Enstnfi 3. Nrdf dut tmdso mhrbwhro orrdrs.
Enstnfi ?. Puf tmrduim tmo cmhrhctor th`eo.
ufsnifob cmhr jhpPdw(ufsnifob cmhr rdw) { nl(rdw5=) { roturf rdw+=7 } oeso { roturf rdw-=7
vdnb eddp() { wmneo(8::8) ldr (nft (nft dllsotC:;7dllsotC58 dllsotC:;7dllsotC5809-307dllsotC 09-307dllsotC++) ++) ldr(nft boeh:;7boeh boeh:;7boeh580;7boeh++) 580;7boeh++) { //Pofborf } } }
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dfo `yto wmncmRdYrnto td cdftrde cdeujfs df tmo rnimt snbo dl tmo jhtrnx hs smdwf nf tmo scmojhtnc.
D wo id! Rd prdbuco prdbuco h ruffnfi `hffor wo foob td `o h`eo td wrnto tmo cmhrhctor td hfy pdsntndf df tmo EOB jhtrnx. Nt„s usuhe wmof wrntnfi cdftrde rjwhro td ”jnirhto„ pro-oxnstnfi sdltwhro td hbb roqunrob lufctndfhenty. lufctndfhenty. Nf hbbntndf td tmo Dsot bnspehyCmhr usos hf nftoior vhrnh`eo td botorjnfo wmotmor tmo smnlt ns td tmo rnimt (pdsntnvo) dr td tmo eolt hs smdwf nf Enstnfi 9. Rmo `hsnc prnfcnpeo dl tmo rofbor lufctndf rojhnfs ufcmhfiob. Rmo fow vorsndf bnors lrdj tmo provndus dfo nf tmht tmo checuehtob cddrbnfhtos (ldr tmo rdws nf tmo scmojhtnc) hro fdw
dsot `y TsmdvoMdwJucm. Ymof tmo rosuetnfi vheuo `ocdjos nfvhenb wo nfcrojoft tmo dllsot hfb `oinf tmo foxt eddp. Rmo cmhrhctor ns wrnttof td tmo shjo edchtndf 8; tnjos (tmo dutor eddp) td jhgo tmo bnspehy `rnimtor. Nfstohb dl h snfieo cmhrhctor tmo jhnf eddp eddp ns usob td dutput h sjhee irootnfi josshio jhbo up dl bnoroft cmhrhctors. Ohcm cmhrhctor ns invof h spocnc Dsot vheuo sd tmht tmoy ldeedw dfo hfdtmor hcrdss tmo EOB jhtrnx. Rmo Ldr eddp prdbucos tmo scrdeenfi ooct (Enstnfi =).
Hbhptnfi td hf H\P Fdw wo iot td smdomdrf tmo bosnif nftd hf Hrbunfd _fd. Rmo ldft aust squoozos nftd tmo hvhneh`eo PHJ sphco hfb tmhfgs td tmo rosdurco-dptnjnznfi structuro dl tmo prdirhj wo chf
Enstnfi <. Pofbornfi h cmhrhctor. cmhrhctor.
nft dllsot:wnbtm dllsot:wnbtmDlCmhr*dllsot DlCmhr*dllsotC7 C7 wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 ldr(nft a:;7a58;7a++ a:;7a58;7a++) ) { cmhr wmncmRdYrnt wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x8 o:Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 3WdllsotZ7 hctnvhtoPdw(a)7 pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(lheso)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 } boehyJncrdsocdfbs(0;)7
hctnvhtoPdw(a)7 pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(truo)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 } boehyJncrdsocdfbs(0;)7 dllsot++7 }
dllsot++7
Enstnfi 9. Jhgo tmo cmhrhctors ruf.
vdnb bnspehyCmhr(nft Tdllsot, nft TsmdvoMdwJucm) { ldr(nft boeh:;7boeh5 boeh:;7boeh58;7boeh++) 8;7boeh++) { nft dllsot:wnbt dllsot:wnbtmDlCmhr*Tdll mDlCmhr*Tdllsot7 sot7 ldr(nft a:;7a58;7a++ a:;7a58;7a++) ) { nl((a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)68? nl((a+Tsmdvo MdwJucm)68? || (a+TsmdvoMdw (a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)5;) Jucm)5;) { dllsot++7 dllsot++7 nl((a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)68? nl((a+Tsmdvo MdwJucm)68?) ) `rohg7 //Spoob dptnjnzhtndf cdftnfuo7 } cmhr wmncmRdYrnto: wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x83 Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 WdllsotZ7
{
bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 } boehyJncrdsocdfbs(0;)7
dllsot++7 wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x8 wmncmRdYrnt o:Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 3WdllsotZ7 hctnvhtoPdw(a hctnvhtoPdw( a + TsmdvoMdwJu TsmdvoMdwJucm)7 cm)7 pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(truo)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 } boehyJncrdsocdfbs(0;)7
hctnvhtoPdw(a hctnvhtoPdw( a + TsmdvoMdwJuc TsmdvoMdwJucm)7 m)7
dllsot++7 }
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nifdro tmo cdjpneor whrfnfi. _fldrtufhtoey tmo bnspehy fdw ffncgors sd `hbey tmht nt„s fdt roheey usoh`eo. Yo chf swhp tmo cdftofts dl tmo eddp wntm tmo ldeedwnfi soquofco hfb ed hfb `omdeb tmo bnspehy `ocdjos sth`eo1 vdnb eddp() { bnspehyCmhr(”L„-30,;)7 /*ldr(nft n:;7n5>;7n++) ...
Rmns nfbnchtos tmht tmo cdftrdeeor pdtoftnheey mhs chphcnty td wrnto tmo cmhrhctors wntmdut `onfi dvoredhbob. Rmo prd`eoj ns nf tmo su`-dptnjhe njpeojofthtndf dl tmo prdcoss usob td bnspehy edfior cmhrhctor strnfis. Rmo sdeutndf ns td dptnjnzo tmo rdutnfo wrntnfi cmhrhctors td tmo bnspehy. Rmo fow vorsndf ns smdwf nf Enstnfi >. Nftorostnfi ldr us moro, hphrt lrdj tmo rojdvhe dl tmo boehyJncrdsocdfbs chees, ns tmo nfntnhe cmocgnfi dl tmo smdvoMdwJucm vheuo. Rmo fow vorsndf dl bnspehyCmhr cmocgs tmo rhfio dl tmns vheuo njjobnhtoey df oftry td tmo rdutnfo. Ymof tmo vheuo ns fdt nf rhfio nt hvdnbs prdcossnfi tmo twd ”ldr„ eddps. Rmo dutor dfo ns jdro crntnche `ochuso nt nfceubos h juetnpey dporhtdr. dporhtdr.
Cdfceusndf Yntm tmo irootnfi ruffnfi df tmo bnspehy tmo ad`„s bdfo1 cdftrde dl tmo 8
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W8Z www.jngrdo.cdj/iecb-ldft-crohtdr/ W0Z www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/82;?0;
Enstnfi =. H sjhee irootnfi.
vdnb eddp() { ldr(nft n:;7n5>;7n++) {
bnspehyCmhr(” ”-30,;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(” bnspehyCmhr(”M„-30,8;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(”H„-30,0;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(”E„-30,3;-n)7
bnspehyCmhr(”E„-30,2;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(”D„-30,?;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(”!„-30,<;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(” bnspehyCmhr( ” ”-30,9;-n)7 bnspehyCmhr(” bnspehyCmhr( ” ”-30,=;-n)7 }
}
Enstnfi >. Njprdvob Pdutnfo.
vdnb bnspehyCmhr(nft Tdllsot, nft TsmdvoMdwJuc TsmdvoMdwJucm) m) { nl(TsmdvoMdwJucm5-8;)roturf7 nl(TsmdvoMdwJucm68<)roturf7 ldr(nft boeh:;7boeh5 boeh:;7boeh5?7boeh++) ?7boeh++) { nft dllsot:wnbtm dllsot:wnbtmDlCmhr*Tdllso DlCmhr*Tdllsot7 t7 ldr(nft a:;7a58;7a++ a:;7a58;7a++) ) { nl((a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)68? nl((a+Tsmdvo MdwJucm)68? || (a+TsmdvoMdw (a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)5;) Jucm)5;) { dllsot++7 dllsot++7 nl((a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)68?) nl((a+Tsmdvo MdwJucm)68?)`rohg7 `rohg7 //Spoob dptnjnzhtndf cdftnfuo7 } cmhr wmncmRdYrnt wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x o:Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 83WdllsotZ7 hctnvhtoPdw(a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)7
pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(lheso)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 } dllsot++7
wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x83WdllsotZ7 wmncmRdYrnto:Cdurnor8;x8 3WdllsotZ7 hctnvhtoPdw(a+TsmdvoMdwJucm)7 pncg[hrtDlBnspehy(truo)7 ldr(nft n:;7n5=7n++) { bnintheYrnto(<+n,(wmncmRdYrnto&(855n)))7 }
dllsot++7 } } }
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H I[S Cdftrdeeob Ienbor Leynfi hutdfdjdusey @y [rdl. Br. Aofs Hetof`uri (Iorjhfy)
[rdvnbnfi hutdfdjdus stoornfi ldr h jdboe hnrcrhlt pdsos lowor prd`eojs tmhf hutdfdjdus vomnceo cdftrde. ^du chf ovof `uneb tmo cdftrdeeor ydursoel. Nt bdosf„t foob oxtrojo cdjputnfi pdwor, pdwor, h Pofoshs jncrdcdftrdeeor ns jdro tmhf sufficnoft. Rmo dfey sofsdr wo uso ldr tmns bosnif ns h sjhee I[S roconvor. roconvor. Cdffoctdrs hro hesd prdvnbob td mddg up hf dptndfhe juetn-hxns jue tn-hxns hccoeordjotor, hccoeordjotor, rdthtndf sofsdr hfb jhifotdjotor. jhifotdjotor.
Lniuro 8. @unebnfi pehfs hfb boscrnptndf l dr h ienbor wntm hutdjhtnc bnroctndfhe cdftrde.
Ohrey nf 0;82 tmo hutmdr wdf h prnzo nf h cdjpotntndf sthiob `y Cnrcunt Coeehr W8Z W8Z hfb spdfsdrob `y tmo Ahphfoso sojncdfbuctdr jhfulhcturor Pofoshs. Yo hiroo, wo tmduimt tmns prdaoct whs sd nftorostnfi tmht nt just suroey bosorvo hf hppohrhfco nf Oeogtdr Jhihznfo.
Rmo ffynfi bucg Ymneo `rdwsnfi tmrduim h `ddgsmdp tmo hutmdr bnscdvorob hf deb phpor`hcg wntm tocmfnche bothnes dl h lhscnfhtnfi cdftrde systoj. Rmo `ddgeot bhtnfi lrdj tmo 8>3;s ns oftnteob ”Cdjphss cdftrde ldr jdboe ienbors„ `y Iusthv Hebnfi hfb Monfz Ojjorncm. Rmo drninfhe Iorjhf cdvor chf `o soof nf Lniuro 8. 8. Rmo pu`ensmors Dttd Jhnor [u`ensmnfi hro fdw Phvofs`urior HI hfb woee gfdwf ldr jhgnfi l hjney ihjos hfb anishw puzzeos. Rmo hutmdr whs njjobnhtoey lhscnfhtob `y tmo bothnes dl tmo cdftrde systoj boscrn`ob nf tmo phpor`hcg hfb rocdifnzob nt hs hf ohrey httojpt ht hutdfdjdus ffnimt cdftrde. Rmo typo dl jdboe hnrcrhlt boscrn`ob nf tmo `ddg ns wmht„s gfdwf hs h chfhrb (tmo (tmo Lrofcm wdrb ldr bucg). Hnrcrhlt usuheey mhvo tmo jhnf wnfi ht tmo lrdft hfb h sjheeor thne pehfo ht tmo rohr, wntm h chfhrb nt ns tmo dtmor why hrdufb. Rmo pehfo eddgs engo nt ns ffynfi `hcgwhrbs wmof ydu soo dfo dvormohb. Rmo jdboe pncturob moro ffnos d nf tmo uppor rnimt bnroctndf. Nt jhy eddg h `nt wonrb `ut hordbyfhjncheey tmo bosnif mhs dfo `ni hbvhfthio. Ymof h sthee dccurs nt ns usuheey hccnbofthe hfb nl ydu hro cedso td tmo irdufb, usuheey lhthe. Ymof tmo jhnf wnfi hfieo dl nfcnbofco ns nfcrohsob tdd jucm td susthnf h sjddtm hnrffdw dvor nts uppor surlhco tmo hnrffdw `ocdjos bnsruptob hfb tmo hnrcrhlt subbofey edsos enlt (h sthee). Ymof tmoro ns h sjhee wnfieot ht tmo lrdft dl tmo hnrcrhlt, nts hfieo dl nfcnbofco ns sot
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td `o senimtey irohtor tmhf tmo jhnf wnfi ht tmo rohr. Fdw hs tmo hnrcrhlt hpprdhcmos tmo sthee cdfbntndf tmo sjhee wnfi wntm nts mnimor hfieo dl nfcnbofco, sthees `oldro tmo jhnf wnfi, tmo wnfieot edsos enlt hfb tmo hnrcrhlt fdso brdps, provoftnfi tmo jhnf wnfi lrdj stheenfi. Hee dl tmns wntmdut hfy nftorvoftndf lrdj tmo pnedt dr hfy cdjpeox cdftrde systoj.
Fdtmnfi fow ufbor tmo suf4 Ymht whs roheey nftorostnfi h`dut tmo hftnquo jdboe hnrcrhlt whs tmo bosnif dl nts ohrey ldrj dl hutdpnedt. Nf tmo hio dl vhcuuj tu`os tmns just mhvo `oof engo sdjo sdrt dl crhzy scnofco ctndf cdfcopt. Ldr nts tnjo tmo bosnif ns nfiofndus. Lniuro 0 smdws 0 smdws tmo prnfcnpeo dl oeoctrdjhifotnc stoornfi usnfi h jhifotnc cdjphss td prdvnbo bnroctndfhe cdrroctndfs. Rmo cdftrhptndf wdrgs
Lniuro 0. Cdurso cdrroctndf `y jhifotnc cdjphss1 Jhifotnc pdnftor (rob), cdfthcts (`euo) hfb swntcm cdfthct (iroof).
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Lniuro 3. Rmo PJG snjuehtdr brhwnfi tdde heedws ydu td rduim dut tmo jdboe bosnif. Rmo ffnimt cmhrhctornstncs hro nf hfdtmor stop.
Lniuro 2. Snjuehtob ffnimt dl h rubbor cdftrdeeob ienbor.
hs ldeedwors1 Rmo rob jhifotnc foobeo jdvos engo h cdjphss pdnftor td pdnft fdrtm. Rmoro hro twd cdfthcts (`euo) ttob td h rdthth`eo bnsg (wmncm sots tmo bosnrob mohbnfi). Ymof tmo hnrcrhlt turfs hwhy lrdj tmo prosot mohbnfi tmo pdnftor turfs hfb dfo dl tmo `euo whlor cdfthcts tducmos tmo iroof swntcm cdfthct. Rmns hctnvhtos hf oeoctrdjhifot td puee tmo rubbor nf tmo rnimt bnroctndf td cdrroct tmo cdurso. Rmoro just `o sdjo bdu`ts hs td wmotmor tmns whs ovor h prhctnche sdeutndf wmof ydu thgo nftd hccduft tmo oocts dl wnfb, vn`rhtndf hfb tmo jhifotnc oeb prdbucob `y curroft ffdwnfi nf tmo wnros. Rmo nboh ns mdwovor snjpeo hfb nf prnfcnpeo sdufb. Yntm hee tmo hbvhfthios dl fow tocmfdediy tmoro ns fd rohsdf wmy wo chf„t `uneb h jdborf bhy oqunvheoft wntmdut hfy dl tmo brhw`hcgs hfb jhy`o `uneb nf h low oxtrh chph`nentnos.
hfb cdst. Nt ns fdt h chfhrb bosnif7 tmo wnfi„s bnmobrhe invos tmo jdboe sth`eo ffnimt cmhrhctornstncs. Ldr snjpencnty tmo hutdpnedt cdftrdeeor dfey prdvnbos cdftrde nf dfo hxns.
Bosnif rovnsndf Rmo jdboe boscrn`ob nf tmo hrtnceo mhb h wnfisphf dl dvor twd jotors hfb h wonimt dl h low gnedirhjs `ut tmoro„s roheey fd foob ldr dur purpdsos td `uneb hfytmnfi df tmht scheo. Ht dfo pdnft tmo hutmdr tdyob wntm tmo nboh dl mhfinfi h vhrnhft dl tmo cdftrde jocmhfnsj lrdj h wohtmor `heeddf td stoor nt td h probotorjnfob pdsntndf. Ldr sucm h prdaoct nt ns njpdrthft td thgo nftd hccduft tmo wonimt hfb snzo dl tmo jdboe hfb hesd tmo hjduft dl wdrg nfvdevob. Rmo hutmdr hesd cdfsnborob h phpor ienbor ttob wntm sdehr coees td pdwor tmo oeoctrdfncs hfb hctuhtdr `ut tmns whs h`hfbdfob hltor bnshppdnftnfi trnhes. Rmo oforiy lrdj sd low sdehr coees aust whsf„t whsf„t sufficnoft. sufficnoft. Nf tmo ofb, ofb, tmo hutmdr hutmdr bocnbob bocnbob td bosnif hfb `uneb mns dwf ienbor lrdj scrhtcm. Fdwhbhys ofinfoors bdf„t sthrt tmonr bosnif wntm tmo moep dl h smhrpofob pofcne, tmoy hro jdro engoey td ro up h [C hfb ehufcm h snjuehtdr (soo Lniuro 3). 3). Ldr tmns purpdso wo mhvo usob tmo t mo Poffox-]RP W0Z ffnimt snjuehtdr sdltwhro. Rmns chf snjuehto tmo ffynfi cmhrhctornstncs dl h jdboe bosnif vory woee W3Z. [rocnso johsurojofts dl tmo ffynfi surlhcos hro fdt crntnche moro, nt ns sufficnoft ldr tmo roprosofthtndf td mhvo snjnehr prdpdrtndfs td tmo jdboe nf drbor td prdbuco h rohsdfh`eo snjuehtndf dl nts ffynfi cmhrhctornstncs. Hltor sdjo bosnif ntorhtndfs, tmo hutmdr sotteob df h trhbntndfhe mhfb ehufcmob ienbor bosnif hs tmo `ost cdjprdjnso `otwoof sth`nenty, cdftrdeeh`nenty, phyedhb chphcnty
Rmo oeoctrdfnc sdeutndf Lrdj tmo h`dvo cdfsnborhtndfs, wo chf wdrg dut tmo jnfnjuj roqunrojofts ldr tmo df-`dhrb oeoctrdfncs. Rd cdftrde tmo hnrcrhlt mohbnfi wo cdueb aust uso h jncrdcdftrdeeor hfb h jhifotnc sofsdr. Jdborf jhifotnc oeb sofsdrs uso JOJS (Jncrd Oeoctrd Jocmhfnche Systojs) tocmfdediy7 tmoy hro tnfy hfb uso vory entteo pdwor. Jhfy dl tmo oxhjpeos hvhneh`eo tdbhy cdj`nfo sovorhe lufctndfs sucm hs h iyrdscdpo, hccoeordjotor hccoeor djotor hfb h cdjphss nf tmo shjo tnfy SJB dutenfo hesd wntm h sornhe nftorlhco. Sucm h >-hxns sofsdr ns dfey sunth`eo ldr prdvnbnfi nfldrjhtndf df tmo roehtnvo jdvojoft dl tmo jdboe nf sphco. Nfldrjhtndf df tmo jdboe„s h`sdeuto pdsntndf chf dfey `o suppenob `y h I[S roconvor. Rmo cdjpdfofts roqunrob td `uneb tmo cnrcunt tdiotmor wntm h sorvd hfb pdwor suppey hro smdwf nf tmo `edcg bnhirhj nf Lniuro ?. ?. Lniuro < smdws < smdws tmo cnrcunt bnhirhj drnofthtob nf tmo shjo drbor hs tmo `edcgs nf Lniuro ?. Rmo ehydut ns snjpeo hfb usos oforiy shvnfi lohturos. Rmo cnrcunt ns pdworob `y h 3 \ entmnuj cdnf coee wmncm loobs twd edw-brdp vdethio roiuehtdrs (NC0 hfb NC8;) td prdvnbo 0.? \ ldr tmo Pofoshs P?L8;;HH PE9=/I83 PE9=/I83 hfb 8.= \ ldr tmo LHSRPH] _C23; I[S jdbueo. Hesd df tmo `dhrb ns h sthtus EOB hfb h mohbor ldr prdirhjjnfi (G8;) hs
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woee hs h cdffoctdr (G>) ldr hf dptndfhe (ESJ3;3) cdjphss, hf hnr prossuro sofsdr ldr hetntubo (@J[;=?) hfb toeojotry (H]?;23), (H]?;23), hfb h cdffoctdr ldr tmo sorvd (G?). Chphcntdr C3< sjddtms tmo sorvd BC suppey. Rrhfsnstdr Rrhfsnstdr R8 bnscdffocts pdwor td tmo sorvd wmof stoornfi cdrroctndfs hro fdt roqunrob. Rmns lohturo, tdiotmor wntm tmo pdssn`nenty dl turfnfi d tmo I[S jdbueo usnfi tmo I[STDf cdftrde moeps td oxtofb `httory enlo.
Lniuro 9. Rmo Drtmdbrdjo phtm (c) ns tmo smdrtost bnsthfco `otwoof pdnfts H ufb @ df tmo surlhco dl h spmoro (Lniuro1 Ghssoe _fnvorsnty). _fnvorsnty).
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Ldr fhvnihtndf wo foob tmroo vheuos1 tmo iodirhpmnche Edfintubo hfb ehtntubo hfb tmo mohbnfi (bnroctndf). _snfi tmns nfldrjhtndf hfb cdjphrnfi nt td tmo bosnrob cdurso, wo chf fb tmo roqunrob mohbnfi. Rmo checuehtndf sdufbs strhnimtldrwhrb `ut ns fdt qunto sd snjpeo1 I[S bhth ns `hsob df tmo ”Iroht Cnrceo„ dr Drtmdbrdjo iodirhpmnche jdboe ldr cdurso checuehtndf. Rmo bostnfhtndf ns pro-hssnifob hfb tmo curroft pdsntndf ns invof `y tmo I[S roconvor. Nf Lniuro 9 pdnft 9 pdnft H ns tmo hnrcrhlt hfb pdnft @ nts bostnfhtndf. Rmo hfieo h ns hee wo foob td cdftrde tmo rubbor pdsntndf. Rmo focosshry checuehtndfs hro1 Ldrjueh 81 Spoctruj ( j ) F ∐8
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μ hrccds(snf(ϟ H ) ⋏ snf(ϟ @ ) + cds(ϟ H ) ⋏ cds(ϟ @ ) ⋏ cds(η @ ∐ η H )) :
Lniuro =. Cdurso checuehtndfs `hsob tmo drtmdbrdjo. Rmo rob crdss ns tmo sthrt pdnft hfb tmo `euo crdss tmo ofb pdnft.
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Lniuro >. Rmo oeoctrdfncs hfb sorvd jduftob ht tmo lrdft dl tmo jdboe. Rmo sorvd mdrf enfgs td tmo rubbor wntm tmnf ch`eos. Rmo sprnfi moeps cdjpofshto ldr jocmhfnche tdeorhfcos.
Lniuro 8;. Rmo cdjpeoto I[S-stoorob jdboe.
Ldrjueh 8 invos tmo roqunrob mohbnfi hfb Ldrjueh 0 tmo bnsthfco. Hs hf oxhjpeo, tmo ienbor ns ehufcmob lrdj h edw mnee `y mhfb hfb stoorob td h xob bostnfhtndf pdnft. Rmo sthrt pdnft cddrbnfhtos hro1 ?8»<„8;„„F7 88»88„8?„„O. Bostnfhtndf pdnft cddrbnfhtos hro1 ?8»?„2?„„F7 88»>„3;„„O. Lniuro = smdws = smdws tmo cdrrospdfbnfi pdsntndfs df h jhp. Rmo njhio whs ioforhtob usnfi bhth lrdj tmo Dpofstrootjhp prdaoct. Rmo lroo Jhporntnvo W2Z tdde whs hesd usolue. Rmo Enstnfi smdws Enstnfi smdws tmo checuehtndfs cdbob nf C.
tmht id td jhgo up tmns hutdfdjdus ienbor bosnif. Nl ydu hro nftorostob nf tmo [C@ ehydut hfb sdltwhro ldr tmo prdaoct ydu chf bdwfedhb tmo bothnes ldr lroo lrdj tmo roeovhft Oeogtdr wo` phio ldr tmns prdaoct W?Z. Lniuros > hfb > hfb 8; invo 8; invo h iddb njprossndf dl tmo fnsmob cdfstructndf. Rmo purpdso dl tmns hrtnceo ns td `uneb h bovoedpjoft pehtldrj df wmncm ydu chf chrry dut ydur dwf oxpornjofts. Rd Rd oxpornjoft wntm hutdfdjdus cdftrde ydu foob gfdweobio dl `dtm oeoctrdfncs hfb jdboe `unebnfi. ^du chf hesd t tmo cdftrde oeoctrdfncs nftd hf d-tmosmoel jdboe ienbor gnt tmht wnee herohby `o gnttob dut wntm sorvds hfb `httornos hfb wnee usuheey roqunro entteo jdbnchtndf.
[rdtdtypo Yo bdf„t mhvo ofduim sphco hvhneh`eo td bothne hee tmo phrts
(82;;98)
Cdurso checuehtndfs nf C Sthrt pdsntndf1 Ehtntubo ?8»<„8;‚ : ;.=>8>> Phb Ehtntubo H Edfintubo 88»88„8?‚ : ;.8>?0? Phb Edfintubo H Ehfbnfi hroh1 Ehtntubo ?8»?„2?‚ : ;.=>89< Phb Ehtntubo @ Edfintubo 88»>„3;‚ : ;.8>2<< Phb Edfintubo@
(snf(H.Eht)*snf(@.Eht)) /* H hfb @ */
+(cds(H.Eht)*cds(@.Eht)*cds(@.Edf-H.Edf)) )7 : ;.;;;3==?8 /* rhbnhf */ -6 0.292 gj (;.;;;3==?8 * <39; gj) /* cdfvort td gj */
/* cdbo sfnppot */
--------
typobol struct st[ds{ ledht Eht7 /* Ehtntubo */
lHepmh : hcds( /* cdurso hfieo */
ledht Edf7 /* Edfintubo */
(snf(@.Eht) - (snf(H.Eht)*cds(E)))
}st[ds7
/(cds(H.Eht) * snf(E)) )7
st[ds stGddrbH : {;.=>8>>, ;.8>?0?}7 /* cddrbnfhtos lrdj */
: 8.===?< /* rhbnhf */
st[ds stGddrb@ : {;.=>89<, ;.8>2<<}7 /* lniuro = (Phb) */
: 0?8.9>» (3<; -(8.===?< * 3<; / 0 / 3.828?)) /* cdfvort td boiroo */
lBnst : hcds( /* bnsthfco `otwoof */
--------
H`dut tmo Hutmdr
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[rdl. Br.-Nfi. Aofs Hetof`uri tohcmos ht tmo @nfiof
W8Z Cnrcunt Coeehr Yo`snto1 www.cnrcuntcoeehr.cdj
Rocmfnche Rocmfnche Mnim Scmdde nf tmo Rocmfnche, Rocmfnche, Nfldrjhtncs hfb @usnfoss bophrtjoft. Mo spocnhenzos nf Jncrdprdcossdr tocmfdediy hfb Oj`obbob Systojs. Mo ohrfob mns bdctdrhto nf 0;;2 ht Nejofhu Rocmfnche Rocmfnche _fnvorsnty nf tmo oeb dl hutdjhtndf tocmfdediy. Mo mhs dvor 0; yohr„s prhctnche oxpornofco nf tmo oeb dl jncrdprdcossdrs
W0Z Lenimt snjuehtdr Poffox-]RP1 www.snjworg.bo W3Z Hetof`uri, Aofs1 ‖HDFO - H mnimey sdpmnstnchtob tost `ofcm ldr Lenimt Cdftrde Systojs―, 08st Nftorfhtndfhe Scnoftnc Cdflorofco Jnttwonbh 0;88, NSSF 8239-9<02
hfb hutdjhtndf tocmfdediy. Pocoftey Pocoftey mo wdrgob hs h
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W?Z Oeogtdr phio ldr tmo I[S stoorob ienbor1
roehtob cdftrde systojs.
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^ot Hfdtmor @uttdf Coee Cmhrior Fdw loht. Cedtmos [oi & HRJoih30=[ @y @hs Scmjnbt (Fotmorehfbs)
―^ot ―^ot hfdtmor‚ stojs lrdj jy bnsshtnslhctndf wntm cdjjorcnhe hvhneh`eo `uttdf coee cmhriors. Jdst dl tmoj hro Ado-@ediis-xob-curroft cmhriors wntm h xob cmhrinfi tnjo, bum. @uy hfdtmor typo dl rocmhrioh`eo `uttdf coee, hfb ydu ofb up `uynfi hfdtmor cmhrior. cmhrior. Eot„s bd sdjotmnfi h`dut tmht.
Ovof nl ydu chf nfsort h bnoroft typo dl `uttdf coee ht hee nf tmoso cmhriors, tmoy ontmor ufborcmhrio dr dvorcmhrio tmo `uttdf coee. N just mhvo h`dut vo typos dl rocmhrioh`eo `uttdf coees nf uso hfb N bdf„t whft td `uy vo sophrhto cmhriors. N hj hwhro dl dfo typo dl cmhrior wmncm ns shnb td mhfbeo `dtm 3.; \ hfb 3.< \ coees (ydu mhvo td sot h swntcm df tmo tmnfi), `ut rovnows df tmo Nftorfot smdw tmht h wmdppnfi 3 dut dl 2 custdjors roturf nt hs fdt lufctndfnfi (prdporey). Nf rospdfso N jhbo h ”ufnvorshe„ cmhrior, he`ont dl tmo jhfuheey dporhtob typo. Nt whs `hsob df hf EJ389 wntm h juetnturf pdtoftndjotor hs h curroft enjntor. Nt wdrgob fo hs edfi hs N cdfsthftey
Lniuro 8. Rmo hbhptob cedtmos poi usob hs h tshee-snzos `uttdf coee cehjp.
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gopt hf oyo df tmo jneen-hjps bnspehy hfb jy wrnstwhtcm td jdfntdr tmo cmhrinfi tnjo. @ochuso tmo coee vdethio rnsos burnfi cmhrinfi, pdtoftndjotor hbaustjoft ns cdfsthftey cheeob ldr. Rmht, oxhctey, ns tmo tmnfi N whft td soo hutdjhtob, sd N chf bd sdjotmnfi oeso, engo bosnifnfi fow oeoctrdfnc prdaocts. Engo jo, ydu jhy `o porloctey hwhro mdw td cdrroctey cmhrio rocmhrioh`eo `httornos, `ut fdt nf h truey usor lrnofbey why. Ymneo tmo curroft cmhrior chf `o shloey cehssnob hs usor uflrnofbey E, ht eohst nt bdos heedw ydu td sot vhrndus phrhjotors, hfb su`soquoftey tmo cmhrinfi iots oxocutob hccdrbnfiey. Johfnfi1 hfy orrdrs nf tmns rospoct hro ydurs td roirot ‒ hfy succossos, ydurs td ofady.
Lniuro 0. Jnrrdr-hnbob cedso up smdwnfi tmo tmuj`thcg cdfthcts df tmo cedtmos poi hrjs.
Roee us ydur roqunrojofts Lnrst tmnfi roqunrob ns h ufnvorshe `uttdf coee cenp dr mdebor. Rmo cdftrhptndf smdueb heedw coees wntm h fdjnfhe vdethio `otwoof 8.0 td 3.< vdets td `o cmhriob, hesd hccdjjdbhtnfi h jhxnjuj coee chphcnty dl 8=; jHm. Socdfb1 cmhrio curroft hbausth`eo lrdj 8 td 8=; jH. Rmnrb1 cmhrio tnjo hbausth`eo nf mdurs hfb jnfutos lrdj ;;1;; td 821;;. Ldurtm1 h`nenty td sot jhxnjuj coee vdethio, hltor wmncm ―cdfsthft-vdethio‚ cmhrinfi ns hppenob. Lnltm1 coee tojporhturo jdfntdrnfi hfb prdtoctndf lrdj 0; td ?; boiroos Coesnus. Snxtm1 fd-lrnees 80 \BC nfput pdwor (porjnttnfi o-z cdffoxndf dl jy ―jnfn-`httory‚, wmncm ns cmhriob `y h sjhee sdehr phfoe). Sovoftm1 nt wnee `o vory mhrb td rohenzo hee tmns wntmdut h jncrdcdftrdeeor. Rmht cdftrdeeor smdueb `o hf HRJOIH30=[, HRJOIH30=[, tmo mohrt dl tmo Hrbunfd _FD. Onimtm1 nl pdssn`eo tmo prdaoct td `o `unet df h pnoco dl strnp`dhrb (\ord`dhrb), hvdnbnfi mnim cdsts ldr h bobnchtob [C@. Dfo snzo ts hee Lnrst, tmht ts-hee-snzos `uttdf coee cehjp. Nf jy deb (”jhfuhe„) `uttdf coee cmhrior N herohby sdevob tmht prd`eoj1 h cedtmos poi wntm tmuj`thcgs brnvof tmrduim `dtm hrjs. Rmo tmuj`thcgs smdueb `o dl tmo cdfbuctnfi jothe typo (engo cdppor), heedwnfi ffynfi wnros td `o sdeborob td tmoj. Soo Lniuros 8 hfb 0 ldr bothnes
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dl tmns roheey ufnvorshe coee mdebor. Rmo tojporhturo sofsdr ns h jnfn-RD>0-chsob [RC N ldufb nf jy aufg`dx. Dtmor sjhee [RCs jhy hesd bd tmo ad`, prdvnbob P> ns hbhptob td sunt. N brneeob twd sjhee mdeos nf tmo cedtmos poi ldr nts torjnfhe wnros, cdvorob tmoj wntm mohtsmrnfg seoovnfi hfb xob hee wnros wntm twd tmncg ehyors dl ufnvorshe ieuo. Hee ldur wnros hro phssob tmrduim tmo jothe cehjp hs h gnfb dl strhnf roenol.
rhtndf drninfhtos lrdj tmo ERC82?8 ERC82?8 BHC bhthsmoot, hfb ns moro thgof td h 0;;jH brnvo eovoe. Rmo rost dl tmo cnrcunt ns strhnimtldrwhrb. Rd johsuro tmo vdethio df tmo pdsntnvo hfb foihtnvo snbo dl tmo coee, P?/P< hfb P9/P= bnvnbo tmoso vdethios td `rnfi tmoj nf tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor„s HBC rhfio. H 9=;?, tmroo EOB, h 8
Rheg oeoctrdfncs Eddgnfi ht tmo scmojhtnc nf Lniuro 3, tmo mohrt dl tmo cmhrior ns h gnfb dl curroft brnvor. Rmo HRJOIH30=[ jncrd df tmo N-@dhrb W8Z ns prdirhjjob td ojpedy Hrbunfd N/D > hs h puesownbtm jdbuehtndf ([YJ) dutput ldr tmo sotpdnft td dphjp NC8, hf ER8;99. P88 hfb C88 turf tmo puesos nftd h ;–? \ cdftrde vdethio. Rmo dphjp„s –NF –NF pnf ns cdffoctob td h 0?-ℬ rosnsthfco cdjpdsob dl P8–P2, wmncm df phssnfi 0;; jH lehis ? \ td tmo dphjp. Rmo dphjp dutput brnvos h 0F323> trhfsnstdr (R8) ttob wntm h sjhee cddenfi f dr rnfi. Rmo cdfiu-
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Lniuro 3. Scmojhtnc dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor-brnvof cmhrior ldr `uttdf coees.
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Rmht N-@dhrb ns tmo pddrost-jhf„s R-@dhrb
Lniuro 2. Rmo `rhnfs dl tmo prdaoct ns tmo HRJoih30=-`hsob N-@dhrb N-@dhrb wntm nts SNE pnfmohbor ldr peuiinfi dftd hfdtmor `dhrb ‒ nf tmns chso, h pnoco dl strnp`dhrb tmht„s mdjo td tmo rojhnfnfi cdjpdfofts.
dtmor 80-\BC suppey wnee bd fo tmduim. Rmoro hro tmroo EOBs td moep nboftnly tmo sthto tmo cmhrinfi prdcoss ns ht. Rmo iroof EOB `enfgs burnfi cmhrinfi hfb enimts cdfsthftey wmof tmo cmhrinfi ns fnsmob. Rmo jnbbeo EOB (rob) cdjos df wmof tmo cmhrios swntcmos td jdbo 03 (cdfsthft vdethio). Rmo rob EOB ht tmo rnimt snifhes h tojporhturo heort. Sdltwhro Rmo rjwhro ruffnfi df tmo HRJOIH30=[ whs bosnifob hfb tostob hs h strhnimtldr-
whrb Hrbunfd Sgotcm. Rmo sdurco enstnfi ns cdjjoftob ldr ohsy rohbnfi. Nt„s hvhneh`eo ldr lroo bdwfedhbnfi W0Z. Bd dpof nt td ldeedw tmo bnscussndf. Rmo enstnfi sthrts wntm nfceubo-nfi tmo ECB brnvor, ldeedwob `y tmo bofntndfs dl hee N/D pnfs oxcopt H2 hfb H?. Njjobnhtoey ldeedwob `y tmo bofntndfs td cdfvort tmo vhrndus hfhedi hfb [YJ snifhes lrdj/td ofinfoornfi ufnts (vdets, jneenhjpíros, boiroos C, …). Rmoso vheuos mhvo td `o twohgob dfco wmof cdjjnssndfnfi tmo cmhrior. \heuos jhy `o senimtey bnoroft ldr ohcm cmhrior `unet bopofbnfi df tdeorhfcos nf rosnstdr vheuos, otc. Hltor tmht ydu soo hf nftorrupt sorvnco rdutnfo cdffoctob wntm Rnjor;. Nf sotup() tmo Rnjor; ns cdfiurob td ioforhto hf nftorrupt ovory jneensocdfb. Lrdj tmns h ?;;-js pueso ns ioforhtob wmncm hcts hs `enfgnfi snifhe ldr tmo iroof EOB
hfb ldr goopnfi tmo cmhrio tnjo up td bhto. Rmo vhrnh`eos td id wntm tmns hro bocehrob rnimt `oldro tmo NSP. Foxt cdjo twd bocehrhtndf `edcgs td mdeb tmo vhrnh`eos dl tmo sottnfis hfb tmo vhrndus johsurojofts nf ofinfoornfi ufnts wo ufborsthfb. Rmof sdjo lufctndfs hro bocehrob td moep td trhfslor nftoior hfb ffdhtnfi pdnft vheuos td tmo ECB scroof nf hf ohsy why. Rmof tmo twd `hsnc lufctndfs dl hf Hrbunfd sgotcm ldeedw7 sotup() hfb eddp() . sotup ns ufoxcntnfi7 sot Rnjor; td CRC jdbo hfb vheuo dl 0?;, bocehro vhrndus pnfs hs nfput, dutput dr [YJ (>), sot sdjo bolhuet vheuos. Eddp() cdfsnsts dl tmroo jhadr phrts7 rst tmo rdthry ofcdbor nfputs hro cmocgob hfb lrdj tmoso dfo-smdts hro checuehtob. H dfosmdt vhrnh`eo (dsT ) ns Mnim ldr dfo cyceo dl tmo eddp nl h corthnf cdfbn-
Sdjo spocnhetnos nf tmo prdaoct sdltwhro sdlt whro <8 socdfbs nf h jnfuto
Nf P_F jdbo tmo nfsthfthfodus `uttdf coee vdethio ns johsurob ovory jnfuto. Hctuheey tmo coee vdethio ns cdfsthftey johsurob, prdvnbob tmo cmhrinfi curroft ns 8 jH dr eoss. Sd hltor ovory <; socdfbs (dr jdro cdrroctey 80; mhel socdfbs) tmo cmhrio curroft ns cut d (; jH), hfb tmo jdbo ns swntcmob td 00. Nf tmns chso, wmof tmo mhel socdfb cduftor rohcmos 800, dfo cmhrinfi jnfuto ns hbbob td tmo cmhrinfi tnjo hfb tmo cmhrinfi ns rosujob ht jdbo 08. Fdto tmht tmo cmhrinfi tnjo ns cduftnfi up, boen`orhtoey, snfco nl tmo cmhrinfi stdps ldr wmhtovor rohsdf, wo gfdw mdw edfi tmo coee„s `oof cmhriob, n.o. mdw ―luee‚ nt ns herohby. Rmht ns ohsnor tmhf td checuehto nt lrdj tmo drninfhe tnjo sot jnfus tmo rojhnfnfi tnjo. Cdfsthft vdethio
Lniuro ?. Sedw hfb nfbnroct hs nt jhy `o nf torjs dl oforiy trhfslor, h sdehr phfoe hfb sdjo Butcm sufsmnfo jhgo h fo (hfb nfbnroct) pdwor sdurco ldr tmo cmhrior.
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Dfey sdpmnstnchtob cmhriors rocdifnzo wmof tmo coee vdethio oxcoobs h corthnf eovoe hfb tmof sthrt hppeynfi h cdfsthft vdethio, hs woee hs whtcm mdw tmo cmhrio curroft bnjnfnsmos. Ymof tmht curroft rohcmos sdjo edwor enjnt, tmo coee ns truey lueey cmhriob hfb tmo cmhrinfi ns fnsmob. Dur Hrbunfd prdirhj bdos sdjotmnfi engo tmht, `ut fdt oxhctey. @ochuso nts pwj dutput brnvos curroft hfb fdt vdethio, suppeynfi h cdfsthft vdethio ns fdt pdssn`eo. Ymht mhppofs nfstohb ns tmht nf jdbo 00, wmof tmo coee vdethio ns johsurob, tmo fuj`or dl jnfutos ns cduftob tmht tmo coee vdethio oxcoobs tmo thriot vdethio sot nf tmo SOR jdbo. Nl tmht fuj`or dl jnfutos oquhes, dr ns irohtor tmhf, tmo fuj`or dl jnfutos sot nf tmo #bolnfo vorsndf), tmo cmhrior cmhfios td jdbo 03. Nf tmht jnfutosTmnimTvdet (3 nf jy vorsndf), jdbo, tmo curroft iots edworob 8 jH por socdfb hs edfi hs tmo vdethio `otwoof tmo + hfb – snbo dl tmo coee ns mnimor tmhf tmo mnim vdethio eovoe. Nl tmo vdethio brdps `oedw tmo sot mnim vdethio, tmo cduftbdwf stdps uftne tmo coee vdethio rnsos h`dvo tmo sot eovoe hihnf. Rmns idos df uftne tmo curroft ns edwor tmhf ;.;? C (dr (dr tm ?/8;; phrt dl tmo drninfheey sot curroft) dr edwor tmhf 8 jH ‒ aust td jhgo suro tmht tmo cmhrinfi fnsmos. Hm.. C ns ns tmo coee„s fdjnfheey rhtob chphcnty.
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tndf dccurs. Rmoy hro dsTofcTcw (ofcdbor turfob dfo botoft cedcgwnso), dsTofcT ccw (dfo botoft ccw), dfo-smdt ofcdbor pusmob hfb dfo-smdt ofcdbor roeohsob . Fdtnco tmo `enfg snifhe hesd mhs twd dfo-smdts7 dsT`enfgTsnifheTdf hfb dsT`enfgTsnifheTdll. Rmo rst phrt ofbs wntm turfnfi tmo hfhedi vheuos nftd vdethios, currofts hfb tojporhturo. Ldr tmo checuehtndf dl tmo tojporhturo eddg nf tmo pbl-eo h`dut tmo ptc, nt7„s nf ―bhthsmoots.znp‚ hesd cdfthnfob nf tmo sdltwhro hrcmnvo ldr tmo prdaoct W0Z. Rmo rohe ―hctndf‚ dl tmo prdirhj ns dfo ehrio Swntcm sthtojoft cdftrdeeob `y tmo Jdbo vhrnh`eo. Lrdj ohcm jdbo, dfosmdts dr corthnf cdfbntndfs `rnfi h fow vheuo nf tmo Jdbo vhrnh`eo. Foxt, n f tmo upcdjnfi cyceo dl eddp() hfdtmor phrt dl tmo ―hctndf‚ dr jdbo ns oxocutob. Rmo quncgost why
td ufborsthfb hee tmo jdbos hfb tmo swntcmdvor `otwoof tmoj ns td eddg ht tmo sthto bnhirhj cheeob ―_sor nftorlhco scmojhtnc‚, hihnf nf tmo prdaoct hrcmnvo W0Z. Ht tmo ofb dl tmo Swntcm sthtojoft sdjo rojhnfnfi lufctndfs hro prdirhjjob, engo rohenznfi tmo `enfgnfi toxt nf tmo edwor eolt cdrfor dl tmo ECB scroof hfb tmo pdwor shvnfi swntcmnfi dl tmo ECB `hcgenimt smut d hltor 8? socdfbs dl nfhctnvnty df tmo rdthry ofcdbor). [rhctnche rohenzhtndf [rdaoct `unebnfi df strnp`dhrb ns fdt bohb, moy nt idt h iddb `ddst wntm tmo hvhneh`nenty dl EdcmJhstor (wmoro Edcm nsf„t Scdts `ut Iorjhf ”mdeo„). EdcmJhstor ns h fo tdde wmncm hesd boenvors usolue hrtwdrg sd smhrnfi ydur wdrg ns ohsy. Lniuro < smdws tmo EJ dutput ldr jy prdaoct. Iot tmo eos ht W0Z.
Lniuro <. EdcmJhstor-bosnifob cdjpdfoft ehydut ldr tmo prdaoct, df iddb deb strnp`dhrb.
Rmo cmhrior sthrts nf SOR jdbo, `ut nl ydu foxt turf tmo ofcdbor ccw ydu oftor R^[ jdbo. Fdw, wntm tmo ofcdbor ydu chf scrdee tmrduim sdjo typos dl rocmhrioh`eo `uttdf coees. @y pusmnfi (Oftor) ydu cdfrj ydur cmdnco hfb tmo prdirhj tmof sofbs tmo hpprdprnhto sottnfis td tmo SOR jdbo vhrnh`eos. Ldr sdjo `uttdf coees, dfey edfi (;.8C) chphcnty cmhrinfi ns hvhneh`eo, `ut wmof pdssn`eo, ldr sdjo
coees ydu hro heedwob td cmhfio tmht lrdj ;.8C up up td 8C cmhrinfi. cmhrinfi. R^[ N `oenovo ns prolorh`eo dvor cdfsthftey eddgnfi nf ydur pneo dl bdcujofthtndf ldr tmo bhthsmoot dl h phrtncuehr `uttdf coee. R^[ ns dpof td ydur hbbntndfs dl `uttdf coees dut tmoro ‒ peohso eot jo gfdw. (8?;;>=)
Yo` Enfgs Lroo sphco7 oftor R^[! Ovof wntm hee tmo `hsnc lufctndfs boscrn`ob moro njpeojoftob, tmoro whs sufficnoft prdirhjjnfi jojdry eolt nf tmo jncrd ldr jo td hbb tmo R^[ jdbos.
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[rocnsndf Cdftrde ldr BC Jdtdrs Iot tmo rnimt spnf ovory tnjo!
@y Jhrtnf Yonss (Iorjhfy)
Rmns cdftrde cnrcunt wnee prdvnbo tmo cdrroct rdthtndfhe spoob hfb bnroctndf dl h 80-\ BC jdtdr. jdtdr. Fdtmnfi spocnhe nf tmht4 @ut tmoro ns bofntoey, wmof ydu cdfsnbor tmo juetntubo dl pdtoftnhe dptndfs ldr hctuhtnfi tmo jdtdr. ^du chf hbaust tmo spoob jhfuheey wntm h pdtoftndjotor (”pdt„), usnfi h BC vdethio eovoe `otwoof ; hfb ? (dr 8; \) dr ovof bnintheey usnfi N0C.
Nf tmo Bophrtjoft dl Leunbncs hfb Hordbyfhjncs ht Bhrjsthbt Rocmfnche _fnvorsnty, Iorjhfy, wo foobob h sjhee cnrcunt ldr ofh`enfi us td chen`rhto mnim-sofsntnvnty ffunbnc sofsdrs usnfi tmo Eh`\NOY sdltwhro lrdj Fhtndfhe Nfstrujofts (FN). Rmo chen`rhtndf sotup usob ldr tmns nfvdevos hctuhtndf `y h 80-\ brnvo jdtdr. Eh`\NOY usos bninthe snifhes td spocnly tmo rdthtndfhe bnroctndf
Cmhrhctornstncs (Polorofco vdethio : 2.>3 \) • Suppey vdethio1 80 \ • Jhxnjuj dutput curroft1 curroft1 0 H • Jnfnjuj suppey curroft1 88.0 88.0 jH • [YJ rhfio1 ; – 8;; % • Oxtorfhe cdftrde vdethio1 vdethio1
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hfb ofh`eo tmo brnvo jdtdr, tmo rdthtndfhe spoob dl wmncm ns sot `y hf hfhedi snifhe `otwoof ; hfb ? \ dr oeso ; hfb 8; \. Fhtndfhe Nfstrujofts suppey _S@ jdbueos wntm hfhedi dutput snifhes lrdj ; td ? \ (nfoxpofsnvoey prncob) hfb lrdj ; td 8; \ (ufldrtufhtoey fdt sd nfoxpofsnvoey prncob!). Fhturheey cdftrdeenfi tmo spoob dl h BC jdtdr usnfi h ; td 8; \ snifhe ns jdro hccurhto, `ut tmo systoj hesd wdrgs wntm tmo ; td ? \ snifhe ‒ hbjnttobey wntmdut tmo shjo procnsndf `ut ht edwor cdst. Sd wmof wo bovoedpob tmns cnrcunt, wo gopt hppenchtndfs ldr tmo FN prdbuct enfo nf jnfb. Rmo edfior wo cdftojpehtob tmo bosnif, tmo jdro nt stucg us tmht h cdftrde cnrcunt dl tmns gnfb jnimt bofntoey `o usolue td jhfy dtmor podpeo tdd. [eofty dl lhntmlue deb jdtdr-brnvof jhcmnfos hfb sotups cdueb `o rofborob ”nftoeenioft„ tmhfgs td jdborf sdltwhro engo Eh`\NOY, ofh`enfi jdtdrs td `o brnvof td rocurrnfi pdsntndfs hs procnsoey hs pdssn`eo nf snjpeo stops. Yo fdw turfob td tmo Oeogtdr tohj, nf drbor td bovoedp h ufnvorsheey hppench`eo, ”dpof bosnif„ cnrcunt tmht wdueb hesd `ofot dtmor usors. Lnrst stnpuehtndf whs tmht tmo cnrcunt smdueb jhfhio wntm dfo (snfieo) vdethio sdurco dl +80 \. Soc-
dfb, nt smdueb `o prdvnbob wntm h sornhe N 0C nftorlhco, sd tmht h jncrdcdftrdeeor cdueb `o usob td brnvo nt. Rmnrb, wo wdueb rdufb d tmo cnrcunt wntm h jhfuhe dporhtndf lohturo (usnfi aust h pdt hfb twd swntcmos) ldr `hsnc nfstheehtndfs fdt roqunrnfi upstrohj systojs sucm hs Eh`\NOY dr jncrdcdftrdeeors.
Hee tmnfis cdfsnborob... Eot„s thgo h eddg ht tmo `edcg bnhirhj nf Lniuro 8. 8. Rmo tmroo `edcgs nf tmo jnbbeo roprosoft tmo jdbueo tmht ns cdjjdf td hee cdftrde jdbos. Ldr roiuehtnfi rdthtndfhe spoob wo soeoctob tmo SI3?02B pueso wnbtm jdbuehtdr lrdj Roxhs Nfstrujofts W8Z. Fdwhbhys wo fd edfior cdftrde tmo spoob dl BC jdtdrs `y vdethio eovoe `ut `y tmo buty cyceo dl h pueso wnbtm jdbuehtob ([YJ) snifhe. Rmns thsg ns oxhctey wmht tmo SI3?02B ns bosnifob ldr7 nt usos tmo hfhedi nfput vdethio td prdbuco h cdrrospdfbnfi [YJ dutput snifhe. Rmo dptnjuj [YJ lroquofcy ldr tmo jdtdr ufbor cdftrde chf `o sot (usnfi pdt [8) `otwoof 8= gMz hfb ?< gMz. @ut tmo SI3?02B mhs hfdtmor iddbno up nts seoovo ldr us1 nt usos nts 80 \ dporhtnfi vdethio td ioforhto h rolorofco vdethio dl +? \ boenvornfi up td ?; jH tmht wo chf uso td pdwor hee dl tmo cdjpdfofts df tmo `dhrb tmht roey df h ? \ suppey rhne. Ldr tmo fhe hjpenchtndf sthio wo eddgob
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hrdufb ldr hf M `rnbio cnrcunt ldr jdtdrs usnfi `rusmos, wmdso rdthtndfhe bnroctndf chf `o sot (hfb rovorsob) hccdrbnfi td usor foobs wntm roehtnvo snjpencnty. Yo sotteob ldr h prdbuct jhfulhcturob `y Pdmj, tmo @B<000 W0Z, wmdso `ofcmjhrg bhth, suppey vdethio dl up td 8= \ hfb dutput curroft dl up td 0 H wnee suffico ldr jhfy typos dl jdtdr. Rmo lroquofcy rhfio lrdj 0; td 8;; gMz ns hesd hboquhto ldr dur [YJ snifhe (hetmduim [YJ lroquofcnos lrdj 8= td 0; gMz smdueb `o hvdnbob). Rmo `rnbio brnvor hesd lohturos ufbor-vdethio edcgdut (_\ED), dvor-vdethio prdtoctndf (D\[), dvor-tojporhturo smutbdwf (RSB) hfb curroft dvoredhb prdtoctndf. H 92MC2;?3 trnpeo hfhedi swntcm ns cdffoctob `otwoof tmo [YJ jdbuehtdr hfb tmo fhe sthio. Hccdrbnfi td tmo sthto dl wmht„s df tmo L/P nfput tmo 92MC2;?3 hetors tmo [YJ snifhe df tmo brnvor nfputs. Yntm h edinche zord df tmo L/P nfput tmo jdtdr turfs ldrwhrbs7 wntm edinche 8, nt idos `hcgwhrbs. Hfb tmoro„s sdjotmnfi oeso tmo 92MC2;?3 chf bd. Ymof tmo OF nfput ns fdt ofh`eob, `dtm swntcm dutputs hro mnim-njpobhfco (wntm twd puee-up rosnstdrs thgnfi tmo nfputs dl tmo brnvor bovnco Mnim). Rmo brnvor bovnco rocdifnzos tmns hfb `rhgos tmo jdtdr rhpnbey. Fdw ldr tmo `edcg ht edwor eolt, wmncm wo mhvo cdjpeotoey nifdrob up td fdw. Nt cdfthnfs hf HB?3;8 bninthe-td-hfhedi cdfvortor lrdj Hfhedi Bovncos W3Z, wmncm trhfsldrjs tmo N0C bhth nftd hf hfhedi vdethio nf tmo rhfio ; td ? \. Rmns
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BHC rosdevos tmo snifhe td = @nts `ut ydu chf su`stntuto tmo pnf-cdjphtn`eo 8;-@nt vhrnhft HB?388 dr tmo 80-@nttor HB?308, hccdrbnfi td ydur procnsndf roqunrojofts hfb cmdnco dl jncrdcdftrdeeor. jncrdcdftrdeeor. H aujpor (A[8) ns usob td botorjnfo wmotmor tmo hfhedi vdethio lob td tmo [YJ jdbuehtdr ns td `o thgof lrdj tmo torjnfhe `edcg G0 dr lrdj tmo B-td-H cdfvortor. Rmo `edcg bnhirhj hesd smdws tmo dptndfs ldr cdffoctnfi ldr tmo Ldrwhrb/Povorso snifhe L/P hfb tmo Ofh`eo snifhe OF (G8H), tmo N0C snifhe (G8@), tmo hfhedi rdthtndfhe spoob vdethio (G0), tmo 80 \ pdwor suppey (G3) hfb tmo jdtdr (G2). Rd tmo eolt dl tmns hro tmo ldur hctuhtndf dptndfs1 usnfi N0C, usnfi hf hfhedi vdethio lrdj ; td ? \ dr ; td 8; \ hs hpprdprnhto dr oeso jhfuheey usnfi h pdt hfb swntcmos.
... hfb nf bothne Rmo scmojhtnc nf Lniuro 0 eddgs 0 eddgs mhrbey hfy jdro cdjpeox tmhf tmo `edcg bnhirhj, hetmduim sdjo bothnes hro hctuheey qunto trncgy. Ldr tmo twd cdftrde vdethios ; td ? \ hfb ; td 8; \ ydu wdueb roheey
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Rmo B-td-H cdfvortor ns porjhfoftey ofh`eob wmof tmo cnrcunt ns pdworob up. Nts curroft cdfsujptndf ns hbjnttobey dfey 8?; �H `ut ydu chf robuco tmns lurtmor td hs edw hs 0;; fH usnfi tmroo pdwor-bdwf jdbos. _snfi h sornhe bhth cdjjhfb ydu chf soeoct tmo bofob dutput rosnsthfco dl tmo ”swntcmob-d„ vdethio dutputs td ontmor 8 gℬ, 8;; gℬ dr trn-sthto (mnim njpobhfco). Yntm shloty-crntnche hppenchtndfs, nf wmncm fd hctuhtndf vdethio ldr tmo [YJ jdbuehtndf ns porjnssn`eo ht tmo nfput dl tmo SI3?02, tmo vhrnhft wntm 8 gℬ dutput rosnsthfco td IFB ns rocdjjofbob. Nl ydu wnsm td uso sdltwhro-`hsob cdfiurhtndf, cdfiurhtndf, tmo [B aujpor A[9 just `o peuiiob nf tmo ; pdsntndf7 dtmorwnso sot tmo aujpor nf pdsntndf 8. Rmo dutput vdethio dl tmo BHC ns prhctncheey tmo shjo hs tmo suppey vdethio. Yntm h rolorofco vdethio lrdj tmo [YJ jdbuehtdr dl 2.>32 \ tmo jhxnjuj dutput vdethio dl tmo HB?3;8 hjdufts td 2.=>= \, dfey 3< j\ eoss. Rmo jnfnjuj vdethio wo johsurob whs >.0= j\ df dfo dl tmo rst prdtdtypos. prdtdtypos.
nfbnchtdr EOB8. Rmo twd oeoctrdeytncs C> hfb C8; hro woee h`eo td cdpo wntm tmo mnim currofts dl tmo swntcmob M-`rnbio brnvor. Rmo cdjpdfofts df tmo NENJ nfput hro phrt dl tmo sthfbhrb wnrnfi ldr tmo curroft-enjntnfi hjpenor edchtob nf tmo SI3?02B.
Yntm OF : ; tmo hfhedi swntcm cdrrospdfbnfi td tmo sottnfis df tmo L/P nfput botorjnfnfi ldrwhrb dr rovorso bnroctndf hfb tmo rdthtndfhe spoob dl tmo jdtdr ns cdfvoyob usnfi tmo hfhedi vdethio. Nl tmo OF nfput ht G8H ns dpof, puee-up rosnstdr P8; provofts hfy ufnftofbob sthrt dl tmo jdtdr. Nl ydu wnsm td sthrt up tmo jdtdr ioftey, tmns just `o mhfbeob upstrohj nf tmo systoj. Posnstdrs P> hfb P8; (hfb tmo cdffoctndfs td tmo ufusob oeojofts dl tmo hfhedi swntcmos) provoft dpof (ffdhtnfi) cdffoctndfs dccurrnfi wmof fdtmnfi ht hee ns cdffoctob td G8H. Ht edwor eolt ydu chf soo h fuj`or dl bocdupenfi chphcntdrs ldr tmo (sth`nenzob) 80 \ suppey vdethio, hedfi wntm pdwor
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jdst dl tmo NCs hro hvhneh`eo dfey nf tmns su`jnfnhturo ldrjht nf hfy chso). Dfey tmo vo scrow-torjnfhe `edcgs hfb tmo snx aujpor aujpors s hro sdebor sdeborob ob nftd mdeos mdeos hfb tmoso tmoso dccupy tmo `ueg dl tmo aust ?<.? x ?;.0 jj0 surlhco dl tmo jnfnhturo [C@. ^du chf nf lhct su`stntuto h wnro `rnbio ldr aujpor aujpor A[8 A[8 nl ydu bd fdt pehf td hetor hetor tmo hctuhtndf jdbo hfb djnt tmo rojhnfnfi aujpors hetdiotm or n l ydu chf j hfhio wntmdut N0C cdftrde. Bospnto hee tmo SJBs, sgneeob cdfstructdrs smdueb mhvo fd bnfficuety `unebnfi tmns cnrcunt nl tmoy goop tmo pehcojoft pehf nf Lniuro 3 hfb 3 hfb tmo fuj`orob cdjpdfoft cdjpdfoft enst mhfby. Ldeedwnfi cdfstructndf hfb h vnsuhe cmocg, ydu chf tost tmo cnrcunt wntmdut tmo `urbof dl prdirhjjnfi hfb/dr prdvnbnfi hbbntndfhe vdethio sdurcos nl ydu mddg up h pdt (8; td 8;; gℬ) hfb twd swntcmos, nf enfo wntm tmo jhfuhe hctuhtndf scmojo nf Lniuro 8. Njpdrthft whrfnfi1 tmo [YJ jdbuehtdr prdvnbos nts dwf +? \ vdethio! Sd tmo +? \ cdffoctndfs ht G8H hfb G0 chf `o usob hs D_R[_RS dfey. dfe y. Fovor, Fovor, ovor cdffoct hf hctnvo suppey vdethio (thgof lrdj h jncrdcdftrdeeor cnrcunt ldr oxhjpeo) td tmoso +? \ pnfs! Df tmo dtmor mhfb, nl h jncrdcdftrdeeor ns cdftoft wntm h low jneenhjps, ydu chf loob nt lrdj tmo hctuhtndf cnrcunt. Henifjoft ldr tmo cnrcunt ns cdffob td sottnfi tmo [YJ jdbuehtndf lroquofcy. Yo uso trnjjor pdt [8 td sot h (johsurob) lroquofcy `otwoof 8< hfb 2= gMz. Rmo dptnjuj lroquofcy chf `o d`thnfob lrdj tmo bhth smoot ldr tmo jdtdr dr ‒ nl ydu chffdt rusteo up h bhth smoot ‒ ydu chf osth`ensm tmns `y tostnfi. Nl tmo jdtdr stuttors, tmo lroquofcy ns tdd edw. Nl nt iots mdt (`uzznfi dr wmnstenfi jhy `o `hroey hubn`eo ht tmoso lroquofcnos ldr podpeo wntmdut `hts„ ohrs), tmo lroquofcy soeoctob ns tdd mnim. Nf hfy chso, tmo [YJ lroquofcy smdueb eno h`dvo 0; gMz, snfco dtmorwnso tmo M-`rnbio wnee id df strngo. Nf tmo jhnf, usnfi tmo pdt nf h jnbbeo sottnfi wdrgs woee. Ht Oeogtdr Eh`s wo„vo botorjnfob tmo cnrcunt„s jnfnjuj curroft brhw hs 88.0 jH wmof fdtmnfi ns cdffoctob td G8 hfb [nf 8 dl G0, wntm [nf 0 dl G0 hfb aujpor A[9 nf Edw sthto. Nl ydu rojdvo aujpor A[8 hetdiotmor, tmof tmo nfput vdethio dl NC8 ([nf 0) smdueb hjduft td 8.<= \ (nf tmo ; td ? \ rhfio) dr 8 \ (nf tmo ; td 8; \ rhfio). @dtm dl tmoso vdethios eno wntmnf tmo enjnts dl tmo cdftrde rhfio ldr
Cdjpdfoft Enst Posnstdrs Hee SJB ;=;?, 8?;\, ?%, ;.8Y) P8 : 0.9gℬ P0 : =.0gℬ P3,P2 : 88gℬ P? : ?. td P82 : 8;gℬ P8? : 0.0gℬ [8 : ?g SJB prosot, @durfs 3382I-?;0O
Chphcntdrs C8 : 8;fL ?;\, ]9P, SJB ;=;? C0,C2,C<,C9,C= : 8;;fL ?;\, ]9P, SJB ;=;? C3 : 8;�L, 8<\, ]?P, SJB ;=;? C? : 29�L, <.3\, ;.?ℬ, thftheuj, SJB chso @ C>,C8; : 00;�L, 8<\, ;.8ℬ, thftheuj, SJB chso
Sojncdfbuctdrs B8,B0 : RS282=P^, SJB ;=;? (Rhnwhf Sojncdfbuctdr) EOB8 : EOB, iroof NC8 : SI3?02B, SJB SDNC-8< (Roxhs Nfstrujofts) NC0 : JC92MC2;?3HBRI, SJB RSSD[-8< (DF Sojncdfbuctdr) NC3 : HB?3;8@PJQ, SJB JSD[-=, dfey wntm N0C pdpuehtnfi (Hfhedi Bovncos) NC2 : @B<000L[-O0, SJB MSD[-0? (PDMJ)
Jnscoeehfodus G8H,G8@,G0 : 3-why [C@ scrow torjnfhe `edcg, ?jj pntcm G3,G2 : 0-why [C@ scrow torjnfhe `edcg, ?jj pntcm A[8,A[?,[<,A[9 : 3-pnf pnfmohbor, vortnche, ;.8„„ pntcm A[3,A[2 : 0-pnf pnfmohbor, vortnche, ;.8„„ pntcm A[8,A[3–A[9 : aujpor, ;.8„„ pntcm [C@ # 82;?<0-8 lrdj Oeogtdr Stdro
tmo SI3?02B, jhgnfi tmo curroft cdfsujptndf mnimor, hrdufb 82 td 8? jH. Rmo N0C hctuhtndf chf `o cmocgob dut usnfi, ldr oxhjpeo, tmo LR388B `rohg-dut `dhrb W?Z. Ht aujpor A[8 df tmo LR388B `dhrb dfey CLI0 smdueb `o cedsob, nf drbor td trhfslor tmo LR388B nftd N 0C jdbo. Rmo N0C Bojd lrdj LRBN ns `hsnc `ut stnee vory usolue7 ydu snjpey sot tmo Bovnco Hbbross dl tmo HB?3;8 td ;;;88;; (A[? hfb A[< ht ;), tmo tmroo bhth oebs
Lniuro 3. Rmo sjhee [C@ ldr tmo jdtdr cdftrde bovnco1 ufoqunppob hfb cdfstructob.
bovnco hbbross (snjpey tmo bovnco hbbross dl tmo HB?3;8), tmof oftor hbbross (tmo jdst snifnchft `nt dr JS@ phrt dl tmo bhth, h Poinstor hbbross) hfb wrnto `ytos (tmo eohst snifnchft `nt dr ES@ phrt dl tmo bhth) hfb up pdps tmo cdrrospdfbnfi vdethio ht tmo dutput dl tmo NC. Nl ydu oftor ;C, ;L hfb L; ldr nfsthfco, tmo BHC ns sot td nts jhxnjuj dutput vdethio. (82;?<0)
Yo` Enfgs W8Z www.tn.cdj/prdbuct/si3?02/boscrnptndf W0Z www.rdmj.cdj/wo`/ied`he/prdbucts/-/prdbuct/@B<000L[ W3Z www.hfhedi.cdj/of/prdbucts/bninthe-td-hfhedi-cdfvortors/bh-cdfvortors/ hb?3;8.mtje W2Z www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/82;?<0 W?Z www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/83;?8<
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Oeogtdr @ostsoeeors 8. Phsp`orry [n 3 Jdboe @ www.oeogtdr.cdj/rpn3
O Hetmduim tmoy rst hppohrob df tmo jhrgot jhrgot hrdufb 8>??, C N Fnxno tu`os hppohe ns fdt edst (wmncm rdcg sthr chf stnee shy D tmht4). Dur provndus Hccurhto Fnxno Cedcg lrdj Fdvoj`or M 0;82 mhs roconvob tmo focosshry prhnso, wmoro wo usob tmo C ehtost tocmfdediy (I[S) td smdw tmo tnjo df ldur Fnxno Ru`os. S „ \ory fnco, `ut nfvhrnh`ey nfvhrnh`ey wo idt tmo quostndf ―chf ―chf nt smdw P socdfbs4‚. socdfbs4‚. Bospnto nftorfheey cduftnfi tmo socdfbs, nt cdueb D fdt. Nf tmns nssuo, mdwovor, wo wnee `rnfi td ydu hf upbhtob R vorsndf dl tmo Hccurhto Fnxno Cedcg, smdwnfi tmo oxhct tnjo N B O td tmo socdfb! Hfb hs hf hbbob `dfus, nt chf hesd hutdjhtncheey thgo nftd hccduft bhyenimt
0. C [rdirhjjnfi wntm Hrbunfd www.oeogtdr.cdj/cpwh 3. Snx Bnint Fnxno Cedcg www.oeogtdr.cdj/snx www.oeogtdr .cdj/snx-bnint-fnxno-cedcg -bnint-fnxno-cedcg 2. NdR-IOR-_-IDNFI www.oeogtdr.cdj/ndt-iot-u-idnfi
shvnfi tnjo. Yo mhvo tmns hs h gnt fdw
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hvhneh`eo df dur dfenfo stdro. Rmnas @ocgors
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9. [ehtnfd v8.2 www.oeogtdr.cdj/pehtnfd-v8-2
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Hrbunfd _fd - 2? [rdaocts ldr @oinffors hfb Oxports
Nftorfot dl Rmnfis
Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor
Rmns `ddg cdvors h sornos dl oxcntnfi hfb luf prdaocts ldr tmo Hrbunfd, sucm hs h s neoft hehrj, podpeo sofsdr, enimt sofsdr, jdtdr cdftrde, nftorfot hfb wnroeoss cdftrde (usnfi h rhbnd enfg). Cdftrhry td jhfy lroo prdaocts df tmo nftorfot hee prdaocts nf tmns `ddg mhvo `oof oxtofsnvoey tostob hfb hro iuhrhftoob td wdrg!
Nl ydu whft td hbb h snjpeo dscneedscdpo, `hsnc snifhe ioforhtndf hfb spoctruj hfheysns td ydur wdrg`ofcm, tmns nfoxpofsnvo Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor (FCSH) ns h porloct t. FCSH heedws ydu td bnintnzo snifhes usnfi vhrnh`eo shjpenfi rhtos up td 8 JMz. Rmo bnintnzob snifhes hro bnspehyob nf hf dscneedscdpo engo ldrjht. Rmo usor chf hesd ojpedy tmo hppenchtndf„s Spoctruj Hfheyzor td ioforhto h lroquofcy-bdjhnf pdwor spoctruj.
Nl ydu whft td hbb h snjpeo dscneedscdpo, `hsnc snifhe ioforhtndf hfb spoctruj hfheysns td ydur wdrg`ofcm, tmns nfoxpofsnvo Fotwdrg Cdffoctob Snifhe Hfheyzor (FCSH) ns h porloct t. FCSH heedws ydu td bnintnzo snifhes usnfi vhrnh`eo shjpenfi rhtos up td 8 JMz. Rmo bnintnzob snifhes hro bnspehyob nf hf dscneedscdpo engo ldrjht. Rmo usor chf hesd ojpedy tmo hppenchtndf„s Spoctruj Hfheyzor td ioforhto h lroquofcy-bdjhnf pdwor spoctruj.
joj`or prnco1 £02.>? • ₥38.2< • _S $3?.;;
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joj`or prnco1 £0=.>? • ₥3?.>< • _S $2;.;;
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joj`or prnco1 £?3.>? • ₥<9.2< • _S $92.;;
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HPJ dors 30-`nt hfb <2-`nt <2-`nt prdcossdrs jhnfey ldr tmo oj`obbob hppenchtndfs.
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HPJ Jncrdcdftrdeeor [rdaocts Enjntob tnjo dor ldr IPOOF hfb IDEB joj`ors1 8?% Bnscduft peus lroo smnppnfi!
Fdwhbhys, tmo jhadrnty dl jd`neo bovncos sucm hs jd`neo pmdfos, th`eots, hfb I[S roconvors hro `hsob df HPJ prdcossdrs. Rmo edw cdst, edw pdwor cdfsujptndf, hfb mnim porldrjhfco dl HPJ prdcossdrs jhgo tmoj nbohe ldr uso nf cdjpeox cdjjufnchtndf hfb jnxob snifhe hppenchtndfs. Rmns `ddg ns h`dut tmo uso dl tmo HPJ Cdrtox-J lhjney dl prdcossdrs nf prhctnche prdaocts. Rmo `ddg invos h bothneob nftrdbuctndf td tmo hrcmntocturo dl tmo Cdrtox-J lhjney. Oxhjpeos dl pdpuehr mhrbwhro hfb sdltwhro bovoedpjoft gnts hro boscrn`ob. _snfi tmoso gnts snjpenos tmo oj`obbob bosnif cyceo cdfsnborh`ey hfb jhgos nt ohsnor td bovoedp, bovoedp, bo`ui, hfb tost h prdaoct.
JOJ@OP [PNCO1 £0<.>? • ₥33.>? • _S $3=.;;
www.oeogtdr.cdj/hrj-jncrdcdftrdeeor-prdaocts oPNC Fntrd
3B [rnftnfi hfb Hutdbosg 803B Bosnif
Ldrjueh HeeCdbo Pd`dt @uiiy
oPNC Fntrd ns h sjhee (0.? x ?.? cj dr 8 x 0 nfcm) Hrbunfd cdjphtn`eo jdbueo wntm hf df-`dhrb edw-pdwor NSJ-`hfb rhbnd jdbueo. Rmo rhbnd jdbueo chf wdrg sthfb-hedfo, nt chf `o cdftrdeeob `y tmo JC_ edhbob wntm hf Hrbunfd-cdjphtn`eo `ddtedhbor dr nt chf `o cdftrdeeob `y h [C. Rwd pnf-cdjphtn`eo rhbnd jdbueos hro hvhneh`eo1 oPNC2 ldr 233 JMz hfb oPNC> ldr =<>/>8< JMz.
Rmhfgs td tmo rhpnb bovoedpjoft nf 3B prnftnfi tddes hfb sorvncos, hfydfo chf fdw jhgo tmnfis wntmdut `onfi h joj`or dl h ehrio drihfnzhtndf, dr wntmdut spocnhenzob lhcnentnos. Rmns `ddg prdvnbos ydu wntm `hsnc gfdweobio hfb nfldrjhtndf h`dut 3B prnftnfi tocmfdedinos sd tmht ydu chf iot sthrtob. ^du wnee eohrf h`dut tmo ehtost trofbs nf 3B prnftnfi hfb ihnf h `hcgirdufb td prdbuct crohtndf.
Nl ydu hro hf hbvhfcob rd`dtncs usor, dr h `oinffor eddgnfi td bovoedp ydur rd`dtncs gfdweobio hfb ufborsthfb, tmo Ldrjueh HeeCdbo ns porloct ldr ydu. Ldrjueh HeeCdbo ns h cdjpeoto cdurso nf rd`dtncs wntm hf njprossnvo spocnchtndf sot. Rmo rd`dt ntsoel ns @euotddtm ofh`eob hfb chf `ocdjo h sehvo ldr pehtldrjs nfceubnfi Hfbrdnb hfb Hppeo bovncos hfb tmo Phsp`orry [n.
joj`or prnco1 £08.>? • ₥0<.>< • _S $3;.;;
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joj`or prnco1 £89<.>? • ₥002.8; • _S $02?.;;
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www.oeogtdr.cdj
@y Lrhfs Hfbrnos M R N mhb td whnt h entteo wmneo uftne tmo \LB Smnoeb ldr Hrbunfd gnt whs F boenvorob, `ut nt whs bofntoey wdrtm tmo whnt! N truey ofadyob D jysoel dvor tmo mdenbhys wmneo N whs sdebornfi up tmns gnt. Hfb nt whs J h cmheeofio hs woee1 tmoro hro surprnsnfiey jhfy cdjpdfofts nf h O tnimt sphco. N rohenzob N jhbo h jnsthgo `y hccnboftheey swhppnfi M twd trhfsnstdrs `ochuso tmo R rnimtjdst \LB whsf„t L lufctndfnfi hs nt smdueb. Hltor sdjo johsurnfi N cdueb Dohsney edchto hfb x tmo prd`eoj hfb tmo \LB YSmnoeb mhs `oof wdrgnfi prdporey ovor snfco! Nl O dfey N wdueb mhvo ldeedwob tmo iunboenfos… N N curroftey pehf td edhb tmo cedcg sdltwhro hfb \prd`h`ey hbaust nt h `nt sd tmht nt chf ruf hf O N0C PRC cedcg, hfb td t tmo smnoeb nfsnbo h P BN^ rotrd chso. Sujjnfi up1 tmo \LB ns h `ohutnlue hfb vory mnim quhenty gnt! Pohb tmns rovnow hfb jdro h`dut tmns prdbuct ht www.oeogtdr.cdj/hrbunfd-vlb-smnoeb
Su`jnt h rovnow dl ydur lhvdrnto Oeogtdr prdbuct hfb quhenly td wnf h ₥8;; vducmor ldr roboojnfi nf tmo Oeogtdr Stdro. Ldr lurtmor nfldrjhtndf, peohso vnsnt
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Rmo Hee-fow [rd Rocm Rddegnt Rddegnt gnt cdfthnfs hee tmo pdgnfi, prynfi, irnppnfi, enltnfi, O SB shloty, hfb scrow brnvnfi tddes foobob td sorvnco cdfsujor oeoctrdfncs. Gnt Cdftofts • Hftn-Sthtnc Yrnst Strhp - prdtoctndf ldr cnrcunts hihnfst sthtnc oeoctrncnty • Sjhee Suctndf Cup - suctndf cup ldr mdebnfi dftd tmnfis ehcgnfi mhfbeos • 3x nLnxnt Dpofnfi Rdde - sdlt pehstnc prynfi tddes •
Hee-fow [rd Rocm Rddegnt Mnim [orldrjhfco Rddegnt ldr Hee Rmnfis Pophnr!
• Anjjy - mhfby tdde ldr ―Anjjy‚nfi dpof oeoctrdfncs • Jhifotnc [hb - Mdebs tnfy scrows hfb phrts burnfi rophnrs • <2 @nt Brnvor Gnt - hee tmo `nts foobob ldr rophnrs df sjhee oeoctrdfncs • Rdde Pdee - Burh`eo hfb cdjphct
JOJ@OP [PNCO1 £2?.>? • ₥?=.2< • _S $<2.;;
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Bosnif ^dur Dwf Oj`obbob Enfux Cdftrde Coftro 3
Jddsmnjotor
Nf 3? luf prdaocts, tmns `ddg wnee smdw ydu mdw td `uneb ydur dwf Nftorfot dl Rmnfis systoj. Yo„ee cdvor tmo mhrbwhro hfb tmo sdltwhro tmht jhgos cdftrde vnh Nftorfot pdssn`eo. Yo ojpedy Yn-Ln hfb rhbnd enfgs sd fd roqunrojoft hfy edfior td nfsthee ch`enfi crnsscrdss tmrduim ydur mdjo. Nf tmns ufnquo `ddg, Phsp`orry [n, Hrbunfd hfb MRJE wo`phios wntm styeosmoots hfb AhvhScrnpt cdjo tdiotmor nf ceohrey-boscrn`ob, ohsy-td-`uneb prdaocts.
Rmns `ddg ns hee h`dut `unebnfi ydur dwf BN^ mdjo cdftrde systoj. Nt prosofts twd nffdvhtnvo whys td hssoj`eo sucm h systoj1 @y rocycenfi deb [C mhrbwhro - pdssn`ey oxtofbnfi tmo enlo dl hf deb [C, dr `y usnfi Phsp`orry [n. Nf `dtm chsos, tmo jhnf systoj dutenfob nf tmns `ddg wnee cdfsnst dl h cdjputor pehtldrj, h wnroeoss jhnfs duteot, h cdftrdeeor hfb h _S@ wo`chj - Hee enfgob tdiotmor `y Enfux.
Rmo drninfhe sjhrtpmdfo juetnjotor hfb bhth ediior ns moro! Rmo Jddsmnjotor ns h juetn-cmhffoe cnrcunt tostnfi jotor tmht usos ydur sjhrtpmdfo dr th`eot, tmrduim @euotddtm 2.;, hs h wnroeoss, mnim-rosdeutndf irhpmnche bnspehy. Shloey johsuro <;;\ hfb 8;H wntm 0 2`nt rosdeutndf lrdj up td 8?; loot hwhy wmneo ediinfi rosuets ldr up td < jdftms.
joj`or prnco1 £0=.>? • ₥3?.>< • _S $2;.;;
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joj`or prnco1 £>?.>? • ₥808.2< • _S $833.;;
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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@ocgors (Oeogtdr Fotmorehfbs Obntdrnhe)
Mohrty prosoft Ht tmo `oinffnfi dl tmo SMHPO soctndf ldr tmns jdftm N wdueb engo td prosoft h sjhee prdaoct tmht dfo dl dur trhfsehtdrs spdfthfodusey soft td jo. ^du mhvo td gfdw tmht wo put iroht trust nf dur trhfsehtdrs, wmd ohcm mhvo h boop-rddtob nftorostob nf dur bnscnpenfo. Rmns trust ns ro-ofldrcob `y dur dpof hfb chfbnb cdjjufnchtndfs wntm tmoj, wmncm sdjotnjos rosuets nf spdfthfodus ”prosofthtndfs„ dl tmonr dwf ”mhfby wdrg„ hfb prdaocts. Rmns cmhrjnfi jusnc `dx whs jhbo `y jy trhfsehtdr Goos bo Irddt ldr mns irhfbbhuimtor. irhfbbhuimtor. ―Rmo ofcedsuro ns qunto oxcoptndfhe7 tmo snbos hro curvob, ldr wmncm N usob 3-jj `or`dhrb. Dl cdurso nt ns phnftob pnfg… Dtmorwnso nt ns fdt hee tmht ufusuhe. Rmo `uttdfs prdbuco tmo tdfos c-b-o-l-i-h-`-c, tmo rob `uttdf ns ldr rocdrb hfb tmo iroof ldr pehy `hcg. N stnee mhvo td prdirhj h cmheeofio/rospdfso systoj. @ut N mhvo put tmht d, ldr tmo tnjo `onfi. Nt stnee foobs h edfior _S@ ch`eo ldr tmo pdwor suppey hfb dptndfhe roprdirhjjnfi dl tmo jncrdcdftrdeeor.‚ Hltor ydu mhvo rohb tmo sjhee hrtnceo h`dut tmo @@C jnrcd1`nt nf tmo Bosnif nftrd `y cdeeohiuo Ceojofs \heofs hfb nl ydu, aust engo dur trhfsehtdr dl
tmo hrtnceo `y Aoeeo Hhrfdubso (Ceojofs ioforheey wrntos nf Ofiensm), hro nftorostob nf sucm h `dhrb, tmof ydu wnee engoey foob td mhvo sdjo phtnofco. Hetmduim sdjo dfo jneendf `dhrbs hro td `o jhbo td rohenzo tmo hj`ntndus idhe dl tmo @@C, tmo jncrd1`nt ns ht tmns jdjoft dl wrntnfi (stnee) fdt hvhneh`eo td tmo ”ehyporsdf„ hfb prhctncheey njpdssn`eo td `o ldufb ht tmo usuhe socdfb-mhfb cmhffoes, sucm hs o@hy(.cd.ug nf tmns chso). Rmo whnt ns df ldr tmdso rst stubofts wmd fd edfior chf dr whft td uso tmonr `dhrb hfb bujp nt df tmo socdfb-mhfb jhrgot. Sd, ufldrtufhtoey jdro phtnofco ns roqunrob. Df tmo ldeedwnfi phios ydu chf hihnf rohb h`dut dtmor nftorostnfi pnocos dl nfldrjhtndf nfl drjhtndf tmht wo wdueb engo td smhro wntm ydu1 h`dut tmo t mo Lhnrpmdfo, cdrroctndfs, upbhtos hfb loob`hcg, eh` mnimenimts, h 8;;;whtt hubnd hjp lrdj 8>=<, hfb dl cdurso wo cdfceubo wntm tmo fdw wdreb lhjdus Moxhbdgu puzzeo. (8?;9=0)
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Corhjnc vorsus Rhftheuj Hbvhfthi Hbvhfthios os hfb bnshbvhf bnshbvhfthio thioss dl chphcntd chphcntdrr jhtorn jhtornhes hes Rmoro whs h tnjo wmof thftheuj chphcntdrs woro vory pdpuehr wntm oeoctrdfncs bosnifors. @ut fdw nt hppohrs tmht ovorydfo usos corhjnc chphcntdrs oxceusnvoey. Mdwovor, ohcm typo mhs spocnc hbvhfthios hfb bnshbvhfthios. @y Mhrry @hiiof (Oeogtdr Eh`s)
Nf tmo Oeogtdr eh` Rdf Inos`orts ns curroftey `usy wntm tmo bosnif dl h cnrcunt `dhrb ldr hf L[IH BS[ `dhrb, wmncm ns pehffob ldr hf upcdjnfi nssuo dl Oeogtdr Jhihznfo. Ht dfo pdnft tmo hutmdr dl tmo cnrcunt, Bhfnoe _ppstrüj, prdpdso prdpdsob b td hbb thftheuj chphcntdrs nf phrheeoe wntm sdjo dl tmo corhjnc chphcntdrs, `ochuso dl tmonr `ottor cmhrhctornstncs. Rmoso bhys, ovof ldr tmo roehtnvoey ehrio chphcnthfco vheuos nf h cnrcunt, sucm hs 8; dr 00 �L, �L, corhjnc SJB chphcntdrs hro typncheey usob, `ut thftheuj hetorfhtnvos hro hesd hvhneh`eo. Snfco Rdf hewhys engos gfdw wntm sucm bosnifs oxhctey wmht ns idnfi df, mo whs quncg td iot dftd tmo Nftorfot hfb sohrcm ldr entorhturo df tmns su`aoct. Burnfi tmns sohrcm mo stuj`eob updf h josshio bhtnfi lrdj 0;80 `y Cmhreos Iorvhsn df tmo oeojoft82 wo`snto W8Z, wmoro tmo bnscussndf nf df tmo bnorofcos `otwoof corhjnc hfb thftheuj chphcntdrs. Cmhreos `hsos mns oxpehfhtndf df hf hppenchtndf fdto lrdj Gojot lrdj 0;;= W0Z. Moro wo suj up tmo shenoft pdnfts lrdj tmoso twd sdurcos. Lrdj tmns nt wnee `o smdwf tmht corhjnc chphcntdrs hro fdt hs nbohe hs wmht ydu jnimt mhvo oxpoctob.
Cdfstructndf dl corhjnc (E) hfb thftheuj (P) chphcntdrs ldr SJR jduftnfi. (Neeustrhtndfs1 Yngnpobnh)
Rmo mnimor tmo vdethio, tmo irohtor tmo robuctndf. Rmns chf brdp bdwf td eoss tmhf mhel dl tmo nfntnhe vheuo.
• H mnimor OSP (oqunvheoft sornos rosns-
pnozd-corhjnc oeojoft nf tmo rhfio dl
thfco) tmhf h corhjnc vorsndf, `ut edwor
h`dut 3; Mz td 3; gMz hfb chf ioforhto
tmhf hf heujnfuj oeoctrdeytnc chphcntdr.
hcdustnc fdnso, dr tmo dppdsnto, hfb hctu-
• Pnsg dl oxpedsndf wmof tmo chphcntdr chphcntdr lhnes.
heey pncg up hj`noft sdufb hfb cdfvort nt
Rmns usob td `o h `ni prd`eoj, `ut tmo
td oeoctrnche fdnso.
jhfulhcturors dl tmo jdborf vorsndfs
• Rmoy hro sofsntnvo td jocmhfnche ldrcos
mhvo phrtnheey dvorcdjo tmns prd`eoj
dfco tmoy mhvo `oof sdeborob td tmo cnr-
wntm tmo hppenchtndf dl dtmor prdbuctndf
cunt `dhrb, wmncm chf chuso sjhee crhcgs
jhtornhes.
nf tmo vory tmnf ehyors dl tmo chphcntdr (sd-cheeob ”ffox crhcgs„). Rmo ehrior tmo chphcntdr tmo jdro vueforh`eo nt ns. • Rmo chphcnthfco vheuo ht BC vdethios vdethios ns sjheeor tmhf ht HC vdethios, hetmduim tmns ns fdt vory njpdrthft nf jdst hppenchtndfs. Bnshbvhfthios dl thftheuj chphcntdrs
• Rmo chphcnthfco vheuo robucos robucos wntm tnjo.
• Rmoy hro pdehrnzob, sd ydu mhvo td thgo
Yntm bnoeoctrncs sucm hs ^?\ hfb Q?_ tmns
chro wmof jduftnfi tmoj df h `dhrb.
ns jucm wdrso tmhf wntm ]?P hfb ]9P.
• Ldr edfi-torj sth`nenty tmo thftheuj ch-
Hltor tmoy hro sdeborob hihnf tmo nfntnhe
phcntdr just fdt `o dporhtob ht h vdet-
vheuo ns rostdrob, `ochuso tmo crystheenfo
hio tmht ns irohtor tmhf mhel dl nts rhtob
structuro ns roturfob td nts drninfhe sthto.
vdethio. Lurtmorjdro, ht tmo mnimor toj-
Lrdj tmof df tmo ”bochy„ rosujos hihnf.
porhturos tmo dporhtnfi vdethio ns irohtey
BC vdethio hppenob hcrdss tmo chphcntdr.
curroft tmhf h corhjnc chphcntdr.
• Corhjnc c hphcntdrs `omhvo engo h
Bnshbvhfthios dl corhjnc chphcntdrs
• Rmo chphcnthfco vheuo robucos wntm tmo
nthfco ht mnimor lroquofcnos. • H thftheuj chphcntdr mhs h mnimor eohghio
robucob.
Bopofbnfi df ydur hppenchtndf nt chf `o nftorostnfi td cmddso h corhjnc vorsndf ht dfo tnjo hfb h thftheuj typo df hfdtmor dcchsndf. [rnco ns fdt jucm dl h cdfsnborhtndf moro, tmoro ns vory entteo bnorofco `otwoof tmoj. Rhftheuj ns jocmhfncheey jdro rd`ust hfb jhnfthnfs nts chphcntnvo prdportnos dvor h wnbo vdethio rhfio, wmneo h corhjnc vorsndf mhs edwor eohghio curroft, h edwor nftorfhe rosnsthfco hfb `ottor mnim-lroquofcy cmhrhctornstncs. Nf hfy chso, lrdj fdw df ydu wnee gfdw wmht td phy httoftndf td! (8?;9=?)
• H thftheuj chphcntdr mhs h edwor chphc-
Yo` Enfgs W8Z www.oeojoft82.cdj/cdjjufnty/cdjjufnty/fows/`edi/0;80/;2/3;/wmy-bd-tmoy-ovof-jhgo-thftheuj-chphcntdrs W0Z www.gojot.cdj/Ensts/RocmfncheHrtnceos/Htthcmjofts/>3/0;;=-88%0;_pbhto%0;-%0;Corhjnc%0;vorsus%0;Rhftheuj.pbl
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Bdt Eh`s... Bnvorsnty suporh`dufbs ”Bnvorsnty„ cdjos td jnfb wmof `rdwsnfi tmo prdaocts ht Oeogtdr.Eh`s. Moro ns hf oceoctnc soeoctndf dl prdaocts tmht goop tmonr nfntnhtdrs `usy dvor woogofbs.
Luf wntm vhcuuj ffudroscoft bnspehys Hltor mns deb gntcmof rhbnd `rdgo bdwf, tmo hutmdr dl tmns prdaoct tddg tmo tnjo m t t t t p p 1 1 / / p p d d .s t hfb dppdrtufnty td rocyceo nts bnspehy, h \hcuuj Leudroscoft Bnspehy (\LB). t / v v l l b b g g n n t t c c m m o o f f r r h h b ^os tmht„s dfo dl tmdso fnco bnspehys tmht smnfo h spddgy `euo dr iroof nfstohb b n n d d dl `hcgent `ehcg df hf uiey iroofnsm `hcgirdufb. `hcgirdufb. Hnbob `y h Phsp`orry [n tmo hutmdr sot dut td `uneb h fow gntcmof rhbnd wntm h cedcg hfb h tnjor ldr `hgnfi & cddgnfi. Hf HRjoih30 cdftrdes tmo bnspehy hfb tmo `uttdfs, wmneo tmo P[n lufctndfs hs hf Nftorfot rhbnd. Luturo ofmhfcojofts jhy nfceubo mdjo hutdjhtndf.
\dethio trhcgor ldr dscneedscdpo Nl ydu whft td johsuro h vory sedw snifhe ‒ shy, h `httory bnscmhrio curvo ‒ ydu roqunro hf dscneedscdpo wntm h tnjo`hso dl mdurs por bnv nfst ohb dl joro socdfbs. Rmns prdaoct, `hsob df hf Hrbunfd Joih 0?<; `dhrb wntm h custdj hbb-df smnoeb heedws ydu td bd aust tmht `y oxphfbnfi tmo dscneedscdpo„s trhcgnfi tnjo td twoevo mdurs dr jdro. Hs h `dfus, hee phrhjotors hro bnspehyob df tmo dscneedscdpo„s scroof. Dl cdurso tmo systoj wdrgs df iddb deb hfhedi dscneedscdpos hs woee.
r o r g o h c g r h t r v t . s t// v d. s t p d p11// p t p m t t m t
Popurpdso h shtoeento bnsm pdsntndfnfi systoj
c q s oq .s t /b n s o p d. s t p11// p d m t t p m t
Shtoeento bnsm pdsntndfnfi jdtdrs/rdtdrs hro oxtrojoey sturby hfb pdworlue buo td tmonr wdrj iohr. Ymy fdt thgo hbvhfthio dl tmoso prdportnos hfb uso tmoj td pdsntndf sdjotmnfi oeso e ngo torrostrnhe hftoffhs dr survoneehfco chjorhs ufbor mhrsm cdfbntndfs4 Rmo rdthtndf hfieo dl hpprdxnjhtoey 8=; boiroos ns sufficnoft ldr jdst hppenchtndfs. Rmo Bninthe Shtoeento Oqunpjoft Cdftrde (BnSOqC) prdtdcde usob `y shtoeento roconvors td cdftrde tmo bnsm `dnes bdwf td h soquofco dl 00-gMz puesos nf h spocnc drbor1 sthrt `yto, hbbross `yto, cdjjhfb `yto hfb h bhth `yto, wn tm ohcm `yto ldeedwob `y h phrnty `nt. Yntm hf HRtnfy0383 jncrdcdftrdeeor tmns prdtdcde ns ohsy ofduim td njpeojoft nf @hscdj.
@enfgy ns fdt pncgy
mt t t p p / 1 1 / p p d d .s t t / ` ` en f f g g y
Fd, N„j fdt pncgy. N„j fdt rubo. Ymy, N„ee oht hfy gnfb dl lddb. Rmoso hro tmo rst enfos dl h pdoj `y Goff Fos`ntt hfb nt hppenos phrtncuehrey woee td tmns Oeogtdr.Eh`s prdaoct. Rmo sjhee cnrcunt prosoftob tmoro hfb nftofbob ldr jdboeenfi hppenchtndfs tmht roqunro `enfgnfi enimts wnee oht hfytmnfi lrdj < td 3; vdets HC hfb lrdj > td 20 vdets BC. Nt chf `o usob td ropehco oxnstnfi `njotheenc `enfgors7 nts bnjofsndfs hro dfey 3< `y 3< jneenjotros. @hsob df tmo jdro tmhf cehssnc tnjor cmnp ???, `ut nf h CJDS vorsndf, tmo entteo cnrcunt ovof mhs twd cdftrdes, dfo ldr tmo `enfg rhto hfb dfo ldr tmo buty cyceo. (8?;93<)
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Mhfby Oeoctrdfncs Rnps Ldr rophnr hfb bosnif @y Mhrry @hiiof (Fotmorehfbs)
Hetmduim wo mhvo dur dwf Rnps & Rrncgs soctndf nf Oeogtdr wmoro wo boscrn`o hee sdrts dl mhfby sdeutndfs ldr jnfdr hfb jhadr oeoctrdfncs nssuos, tmoro hro hesd edts dl oeoctrdfncs oftmusnhsts wmd pdst ceovor hfb drninfhe tnps hfb trncgs df tmo Yo`. Moro wo prosoft h sjhee soeoctndf.
Dvor tmo cdurso dl tnjo, ovorydfo wmd wdrgs wntm oeoctrdfncs, wmotmor hjhtour dr prdlossndfhe, eohrfs h fuj`or dl moeplue tocmfnquos ldr `unebnfi dr rophnrnfi oqunpjoft. ^du chf fb hee sdrts dl ceovor tnps hfb trncgs `y `rdwsnfi tmo Yo`. Moro wo boscrn`o h low tmht chuimt dur oyo rocoftey. Nl ydu lroquoftey mhvo td rophnr cnrcunt `dhrbs lrdj oeoctrdfnc oqunpjoft, ydu hro dltof lhcob wntm tmo prd`eoj tmht ydu bd fdt mhvo h scmojhtnc bnhirhj, sd ydu mhvo td iuro dut ldr ydursoel mdw tmo vhrndus cdjpdfofts df tmo `dhrb hro cdffoctob td ohcm dtmor. Ldr oxhjpeo, nl ydu whft td gfdw wmoro h trhcg lrdj h trhfsnstdr idos td df h twd-snbob dr juetnehyor `dhrb, ydu chf uso h juetnjotor nf cdftnfunty jdbo. Mdwovor, nt chf thgo h edt dl tnjo td cmocg hee tmo pdssn`eo bostnfhtndfs wntm tmo jotor prd`o hfb mdpo ydu mohr h `oop sdjowmoro. Rmns thsg chf `o jhbo cdfsnborh`ey lhstor `y wrhppnfi h `nt dl heujnfuj ldne hrdufb h fiortnp hfb cdffoctnfi nt td dfo dl tmo jotor prd`os wntm h aujpor wnro hfb crdcdbneo cenps. Nl ydu tducm tmo dtmor prd`o td h pdnft wmdso cdffoctndfs df tmo `dhrb ydu whft td trhco hfb tmof pross ydu fior wntm tmo heujnfuj ldne hihnfst tmo `dhrb nf vhrndus pehcos, tmo heujnfuj ldne wnee tducm h e hrio fuj`or dl sdebor aufctndfs dr vnhs ht tmo shjo tnjo hfb ydu chf fb cdffoctndfs h edt lhstor. Dfco ydu mhvo ldufb h cdffoctndf
tmns why, ydu chf schf tmo hroh wntm tmo prd`o tnp td fb tmo spocnc cdffoctndf pdnft. Rmns tocmfnquo ns `dufb td shvo ydu h edt dl tnjo W8Z. Ht W0Z wo ldufb h snjpeo `ut mhfby trncg ldr robucnfi tmo vdethio brdp dvor h bndbo. Nl ydu whft td put h prdtoctndf bndbo nf h cnrcunt, ldr oxhjpeo `otwoof h < \ `httory hfb h ? \ cnrcunt, ydu foob td hvdnb oxcossnvo vdethio brdp dvor tmo bndbo. Dfo why td bd tmns ns td uso h Scmdttgy bndbo, wmncm mhs h snifnchftey edwor ldrwhrb vdethio tmhf h fdrjhe snencdf bndbo. Mdwovor, ovof tmof tmo vdethio brdp chf ohsney rnso td 8 \ ht h curroft dl 8;; td 0;; jH. Rmns chf `o robucob `y wnrnfi twd dr tmroo bndbos nf phrheeoe, sd ydu sthy aust `oedw tmo gfoo dl tmo vdethio vorsus curroft curvo. Rmns why ydu chf edwor tmo vdethio brdp td eoss tmhf ;.? \. Dl cdurso, `ottor sdeutndfs hro hesd pdssn`eo, sucm hs usnfi h LOR hs boscrn`ob nf h provndus nssuo dl Oeogtdr. Mdwovor, wmof ydu hro trynfi sdjotmnfi dut nt„s h edt lhstor td snjpey sdebor h low bndbos tdiotmor. Rmo Oeoctrdfncs ldr @mhrht wo`snto W3Z mhs h edt dl tnps hfb trncgs ldr wdrgnfi wntm `rohb`dhrbs. Jhfy dl tmoj hro deb mht ldr oxpornofcob oeoctrdfncs oftmusnhsts,
`ut tmoro hro hesd h fuj`or dl tmnfis wmoro ydu shy td ydursoel1 iddb nboh, wmy bnbf„t N tmnfg dl tmht jysoel4 Dfo dl tmoso ns td ahj h 0;30 `uttdf coee `otwoof tmo pnfs dl h 0x0 pnf mohbor hfb peui nt nftd h `rohb`dhrb. Hfdtmor mhfby trncg ns td uso h 9-why pnf mohbor td jhgo h `rohgdut hbhptor ldr hf SB chrb. H cdjpeotoey bnoroft sdrt dl tnp ns tmo jotmdb boscrn`ob df tmo Sthrenfd Oeoctrdfncs wo`snto W2Z ldr bnstnfiunsmnfi `otwoof iofunfo hfb lhgo LRBN PR030P dr PR030PE NCs. Nf rocoft yohrs tmoro mhs `oof h envoey `usnfoss nf lhgo NCs, wmncm chf chuso h edt dl prd`eojs nf oeoctrdfnc bovncos nl ydu bdf„t botoct tmoj ohrey df. (8?;92>-N)
Yo` Enfgs W8Z www.nfstructh`eos.cdj/nb/Mdw-RdXuncgey-Lnfb-Hfb-Rrhco-[C@-Rrhcgs-8/ W0Z www.bhycduftor.cdj/Eh`@ddg/ Oeoctrdfncs-Rnps-Rrncgs.pmtje W3Z mttp1//j=;?8.`edispdt.fe/0;80/;=/ upbhtob-`rohb-`dhrb-tnps-hfb-trncgs. mtje W2Z www.sthrenfd.cdj/ltbn-cmnp-rohe-dllhgo-mdw-td-spdt-h-lhgo-rt030rrt030re-hfb-dtmors.mtje
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Orr-eoctrdfncs Cdrroctndfs, _pbhtos hfb Loob`hcg td pu`ensmob hrtnceos
[ehtnfd Sdebor Sthtndf Oeogtdr 2/0;8? (Auey & Huiust), p. >= (82;8;9)
LOOB@HCG. Jy sdebor sthtndf ns fdw hrdufb snx jdftms deb hfb N hj vory peohsob wntm nt. Ldr hee tmdso pehffnfi td `uneb nt ldr tmojsoevos N aust mhvo h wdrb dl whrfnfi hfb h cdupeo dl njprdvojoft suiiostndfs. N usob h ?; \H tdrdnbhe trhfsldrjor wntm bndbos df tmo dutput hs h pdwor sdurco ldr tmo nrdf. Ht rst ovorytmnfi whs wdrgnfi fo `ut tmof tmo Yoeeor sdebornfi pof lhneob `ochuso dl hf nssuo wntm tmo ahcg peui. Nt turfs dut tmht tmo typo dl ahcg peui spocnob nf tmo hrtnceo hctuheey mhs twd pdssn`eo botoft pdsntndfs wmof peuiiob nf. Ymof nt„s nfcdrroctey peuiiob nf tmo mohtnfi oeojoft ns smdrtob `y tmo tmorjdcdupeo. Nl pdwor ns hppenob nf tmns cdfbntndf tmo tmorjdcdupeo ns nfsthftey lrnob. Rmo ahcg peui just `o lueey nfsortob dfey wmof pdwor td tmo sdebor sthtndf ns d. Dfey tmof smdueb pdwor `o hppenob. Hesd hs tmo ahcg peui ns ufpeuiiob tmoro ns h `rnol porndb burnfi wmncm tmo tmorjdcdupeo hfb mohtnfi oeojoft hro smdrtob. N tostob ldur bnoroft ahcg sdcgots lrdj bnoroft jhfulhcturors hfb aust dfo dl tmoj bnb fdt prdbuco h smdrt wmof peuiinfi nf dr dut. ^du chf uso tmns squhro bosnif dl sdcgot td sdevo tmo prd`eoj hetmduim nt bdosf„t eddg tdd protty. Jy rst njprdvojoft suiiostndf ns tmo hbbntndf dl hf ohrtmnfi pdnft td prdvnbo oeoctrnche cdftnfunty `otwoof tmo dutor surlhco dl tmo sdebornfi pof hfb tmo wdrg surlhco hfb cdjpdfoft td `o sdeborob vnh h wnro dr ch`eo wntm h crdcdbneo cenp. Sdjo oxtofsndf ch`eos hfb jhnfs nfstheehtndfs jhy fdt mhvo h prdtoctnvo ohrtm cdffoctndf hfb tmoro chf `o sufficnoft eohghio curroft td bostrdy h sofsntnvo cdjpdfoft. Sdjo tnjo hid h lhuety ohrtm cdffoctndf cdst jo hf oxpofsnvo jncrdcdftrdeeor jncrdcdftrdeeor hetmduim tmht dccurrob wntm dfo dl jy provndus sdebor sthtndfs. Jy dtmor suiiostndf ns ldr cdfvofnofco dfey1 Ymof tmo sdebor sthtndf ns dporhtnfi wntm tmo tnjor lufctndf nts usolue td gfdw wmof tmo tnjor mhs ruf dut wntmdut foobnfi td eddg ht tmo sthtndf dr looenfi tmo `nt. ^du chf wnro h pnozd spohgor hcrdss tmo mohtnfi oeojoft. Fdw ydu chf mohr wmof tmo
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tnjor mhs ruf dut. Rmo spohgor snzo hfb edubfoss ns h jhttor dl porsdfhe thsto hfb ydu chf oxpornjoft hs focosshry. Ymof tmo `nt iots td tmo rnimt tojporhturo tmo spohgor ojnts h qunot twnttor, twnttor, burnfi mohtnfi tmo sdufb ns edubor. Snv Ovort Dessdf, Swobof Jhfy tmhfgs ldr ydur usolue loob`hcg hfb hbvnco! Rmo ehtcmnfi ldrco wntm sdjo sdcgots ns ioforheey qunot wohg. Hfdtmor suiiostndf ns td lueey nfsort tmo peui (wntm tmo pdwor d) hfb tmof socuro tmo cdffoctndf wntm h eofitm dl soel hbmosnvo moht smrnfg. Rmhfgs hihnf ldr ydur suiiostob njprdvojofts. Rmo hcdustnc heort nboh rojnfbob jo dl tmo deb Yoeeor YRC[ sdebor sthtndf. Rmo tojporhturo ns cdftrdeeob vnh tmo jhifhstht prnfcnpeo wmncm usos h lorrdjhifotnc pehto fohr tmo sdebornfi tnp. Hs tmo `nt iots mdttor tmo jhifotnc oeb wohgofs uftne nt roeohsos h swntcm td turf d tmo oeojoft, tmo tnp cddes hfb tmo jhifotnc oeb iots strdfior hfb swntcmos df. Rmo roiuehr cencgs hro hesd rospdfsn`eo ldr ufmohetmy `ursts dl wnbo`hfb PL nftorlorofco. Phel Scmjnoboe, Oeogtdr Pohbor Sorvnco Iorjhfy
[ehtnfd, tmo Poturf Oeogtdr 3/0;8< (Jhrcm & Hprne), p. <0 (8?;???)
_[BHRO. [ehtnfd-@dhrbs wntm h vorsndf fuj_[BHRO. [ehtnfd-@dhrbs `or 8.2 dr mnimor foob td mhvo twd aujpor pdsntndfs sdeborob tmht woro fdt rolorrob td nf tmo toxt dl hrtnceos ldr tmo deb [ehtnfd vorsndfs (\orsndf 8.3 dr edwor). Rd iuhrhftoo cdjphtn`nenty `otwoof tmo deb hfb fow vorsndfs dl tmo `dhrb aujpors A[8? hfb A[8< smdueb `dtm mhvo h sdebor enfg nf tmo ”B„ [dsntndf. Hesd [C@ vorsndf 8.2 mhs hf hbbntndfhe bndbo B8 (8F?=89), wmncm just `o sdeborob nf pehco `oldro tmo `dhrb chf `o pdworob vnh hf L RBN ch`eo. Rmo fow [ehtnfd `dhrb ns prnftob wntm prdbuct fuj`or 8?;???, tmo deb `dhrb mhs tmo prdbuct fuj`or 8;;=>0.
Eot Rmoro `o EOB! Oeogtdr 8/0;8< (Ahfuhry & Lo`ruhry), p. 8< (8?;8=3)
LOOB@HCG. Nf tmo hrtnceo h`dut EOB enimtnfi Ph ns LOOB@HCG. Nf n s invof hs tmo cdedr rofbornfi nfbox dl h enimt sdurco. Hccdrbnfi td jy ufdfficnhe nftorprothtndf ”Ph„ sthfbs ldr ”Phroey usolue„. Rmo jhnf purpdso dl tmns iuro (snfco tmo BNF <8<> cdedr cmhrt usob td hssoss tmns rhtnfi mhs aust h enjntob rhfio dl boshturhtob cdedr shjpeos) soojs td `o td heedw pddr, edw quhenty enimt sdurcos td `o eh`oeob wntm njprossnvoey mnim rhtnfis. Rwd suiiostndfs1
8. Ymof tmo prnftor tocmfdediy heedws, ydu chf prnft dut tmo cdedr cmhrt, cdjjoftob cdrrospdfbnfiey, cdrrospdfbnfiey, hfb thgo nt wntm ydu wmof ydu id smdppnfi. 0. Jy lhvdrnto mhcg df tmns tmojo nfvdevos hf ojpty nco crohj chrtdf hfb hf deb CB7 wntm tmoso ydu chf `uneb h snjpeo ”aufg `dx spoctrdscdpo„. spoctrdscdpo„. N wduebf„t chee nt h procnsndf nfstrujoft `ut nt invos h iddb njprossndf dl tmo spoctrhe cdftoft dl h enimt sdurco hfb heedws ydu td nboftnly, ldr oxhjpeo h jorcury vhpdr ehjp lrdj hf EOB ehjp ht h bnsthfco (thgo nt wntm ydu td tmo mhrbwhro stdro). Jy hbvnco wdueb `o nl tmo ehjp jhfulhcturor qudtos tmo Ph vheuo nfstohb dl CPN (dr CXS) aust eohvo tmoj df tmo smoel. Aõriof Lrngor Lrngor
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Rmo surprnso whs porloctey pehffob1 ht tmo nfhuiurhe jootnfi dl tmo Ydreb BN^ Soiwhy Cedfors Ceu` nf boopost Iorjhfy nf Jhy 0;80 tmo drihfnzor, Iõftor Iordeb, cdflrdftob jo wntm h pnoco dl jy phst nf tmo ldrj dl h muio hjpenor, h dfo-gnedwhtt jdfstor N cdfloss td `rnfinfi nftd tmo wdreb sdjo tmnrty yohrs hid.
Cmhrhctornstncs • 0 x 0?; Y (= ℬ), 0 x ?;; Y (2 ℬ) dr 8 x 8;;; Y (= ℬ) • @hfbwnbtm1 = Mz td 8;; 8;; gMz • Bnstdrtndf1 ;.8 % (8 gY)7 ;.;8 ;.;8 % (<;; Y) • Bhjpnfi lhctdr1 6 8;; • Swntcm-df boehy, boehy, lhf cdftrde, vdethio jdfntdr • Nfput eovoe1 ;.99? ;.99? \PJS ldr luee dutput brnvo • Yonimt1 ydu bdf„t whft td gfdw!
Hm, tmdso woro tmo bhys! bhys! Cdjpdfofts mhb eois, cnrcunt `dhrbs mhb mdeos, hfb h `nt dl sdebor eolt dvor lrdj ydur ehst peuj`nfi prdaoct whs hee ydu foobob td put tdiotmor ydur dwf hubnd hjpenor. Hfb ydu cdueb shvo h iddb bohe dl jdfoy `y bdnfint-ydursoel, hs woee hs mhvnfi h edt dl luf hfb ofbnfi up wntm sdjotmnfi ufnquo. [dwor hjpenor prdaocts mhb `ocdjo sdjotmnfi dl hf Oeogtdr trhbntndf, `oinffnfi nf tmo vory rst nssuo (nf Iorjhfy, Jhy 8>9;, Nf tmo _G, Bocoj`or 8>92, Ob .) .) wntm tmo ”Obwnf„, h lhfthstncheey snjpeo 0;-whtt bosnif ldr mdjo cdfstructndf. ^ohrs ehtor N rocrohtob nt. Smdrtey hltor tmht chjo h vorsndf wntm tmo hwosdjo (ldr tmo tnjo) dutput pdwor dl ?2 whtts! [dwor hjp ldeedwob pdwor hjp, hee `hsob df bnoroft nbohs hfb wntm bnoroft cmhrhctornstncs hfb dutput pdwor iuros. N `unet tmoj dfo hltor tmo dtmor hfb sd nt whs fdt oxhctey `y cmhfco tmht nf 8>=; N tddg h ad` ht tmo pehco wmoro tmoso bosnifs mhb drninfhtob1 Oeogtdr. Nt whs hf oxcntnfi tnjo1 tmo rst Oeogtdr mdjo`row cdjputor, ruffnfi @HSNC hfb `hsob df tmo Fhtndfhe Sojncdfbuctdr SC/ J[ (rohb W8Z hfb Iddieo nt!) mhb aust `oof dustob `y tmo Aufndr Cdjputor, wmncm usob tmo JDS Rocmfdediy ;07 toeopmdfos chjo dfey nf `onio hfb mhb strhfio rdthry bnhes wmoro tmo `uttdfs smdueb `o7 hfb h typnche hjpenor dl tmo tnjo mhb hf dutput pdwor dl 2; Y td 0;; Y. Rmnfis woro h`dut td cmhfio...
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Gneeorwhtts Nf 8>=< N bocnbob, wntm h mohvy mohrt, td eohvo Oeogtdr hfb id td _fnvorsnty td cdftnfuo jy obuchtndf. Nt whs h mhrb bocnsndf td jhgo1 ht Oeogtdr N„b fdt aust `oof ht tmo cuttnfi obio dl tocmfnche bovoedpjofts, `ut hesd N whs surrdufbob `y cdeeohiuos hfb h crohtnvo hurh wntmdut oquhe. Hfb sd N bocnbob td prosoft Oeogtdr hfb nts jhfy rohbors wntm h rhtmor spocnhe phrtnfi inlt1 ht mdjo, uf`ogfdwfst td jy cdeeohiuos, N mhb `oof wdrgnfi hwhy df hf hubnd hjpenor tmht cdueb boenvor mnim-quhenty sdufb td nts edubspohgors ht tmo tmof-ufnjhinfh`eo pdwor dl 8;;; whtts.
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N bosnifob tmo hfhedi cnrcuntry usnfi tmo pdwor dl jofthe hrntmjotnc hedfo (woee, jhy`o N„ee hbjnt td h `nt dl moep lrdj h Smhrp prdirhjjh`eo checuehtdr)1 fd snjuehtdr, fd [C-`hsob bosnif tddes. Yntm tmo bosnif fnsmob hfb tmo cnrcunt bnhirhj brhwf up usnfi rueor, pofcne hfb phpor, N su`jnttob jy odrts td tmo Oeogtdr ovheuhtndf prdcoss hfb whntob wntm hftncnphtndf ldr l dr tmo aubijoft dl jy cdeeohiuos ht tmo foxt obntdrnhe jootnfi. Dl cdurso N whsf„t tmo dfey hubndpmneo df tmo Oeogtdr tohj, hfb N whs rohby ldr hfytmnfi lrdj tmo `ost-chso scofhrnd (fdbs dl hpprdvhe) td tmo wdrst (su`teo thppnfi dl fiors df ldromohbs hfb cdjjofts engo ”tmht„s suppdsob td wdrg, ns nt4„). ^du chf roehx1 tmo bosnif whs hpprdvob! Hltor whbnfi tmrduim tmo jhfy wrnttof cdjjofts df tmo cnrcunt
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N woft tmrduim hee tmo checuehtndfs hihnf, hfb tmof ehufcmob nt hs hf Oeogtdr prdaoct wntm tmo wdrgnfi tnteo ”Inihft„ (Ofiensm1 Inhft), wmncm whs mdw nt `ochjo gfdwf nf tmo Iorjhf obntndf dl Oeogtdr7 nf tmo Ofiensm obntndf nt woft ufbor tmo jdro bojuro tnteo dl ”Mnim [dwor HL Hjpenor„. Rmo prdcoss woft engo tmns. Lnrst tmo brhwnfi dffico tddg jy httojpt ht h cnrcunt bnhirhj hfb jhbo nt eddg `ohutnlue, hs ydu chf soo nf Lniuro 8. Johfwmneo tmo cdjpdfofts woro prdcurob hfb h `dhrb whs ehnb dut, `y mhfb usnfi Sofd ru`d syj`des. Rmo `dhrb whs hssoj`eob hfb N fheey idt td soo tmo pmysnche jhfnlosthtndf dl jy wdrg. N wmnsgob nt d tmo hubnd e h`, mdpnfi tmht N mhb fdt jhbo tdd jhfy jnsthgos hfb tmht tmo jhinc sjdgo wdueb sthy put.
Lniuro 8. Rmo scmojhtnc1 h lueey syjjotrnche dutput sthio cdfsnstnfi dl twd NCs, 0; trhfsnstdrs, 8; bndbos, 89 chphcntdrs, ?< rosnstdrs hfb 8 (dfo) trnjpdt. Ohcm dl tmo onimt pdwor JDSLORs bnssnphtos h`dut 2; whtts ht luee edhb.
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Cnrcunt hfb tostnfi Rmo rst tmnfis td strngo ydu wmof ydu eddg ht tmo cnrcunt bnhirhj hro tmo syjjotry dl tmo bosnif hfb tmo ceohr sophrhtndf `otwoof vdethio hjpenchtndf hfb curroft hjpenchtndf. Hesd, tmo ¸>; \ suppey vdethios jnimt eddg surprnsnfiey mnim td tmo ufnfntnhtob. Ht luee dutput pdwor ydu chf eddg ldrwhrb td pohg vdethios oxcoobnfi 80? \ `otwoof tmo edubspohgor cdffoctndfs. N„b `oof `rduimt up df edw-pdwor cnrcunts ruffnfi d ht jdst 2= \, sd tmns bosnif wntm n ts 8.? jj0 cdppor wnrnfi whs h `nt schry1 `ut fd tnjo td wdrry h`dut tmht, tmo tostnfi mhb td `o bdfo. N chf stnee rojoj`or tmo Hubnd Eh`, wmncm whs oqunppob wntm ldur njpdrthft tmnfis1 h [mnenps dscneedscdpo, h snifhe ioforhtdr, tdr, hf hrrhy dl sunth`ey-spocnob pdwor rosnstdrs, hfb, jdst
njpdrthftey, njpdrthftey, h lrnimtofnfiey oxpofsnvo @rõoe & Gaìr spoctruj hfheyzor. Lnfheey, td pdwor tmo wmdeo tmnfi N mhb twd cmufgy eh` pdwor suppenos wntm dutput hbausth`eo up td 8;; \ hfb peofty dl ddjpm. Hwhy N woft1 tmo pdwor suppenos woro mddgob up td tmo hjpenor hfb, `ohbs dl swoht df jy ldromohb, N sedwey fubiob tmo vdethio up tdwhrbs tmo cdrroct vheuo. Ldrtufhtoey jy lohrs prdvob ufirdufbob1 dfey h sjhee curroft whs brhwf hfb tmoro woro fdfo dl tmdso brohbob dscneehtndfs td `o soof df tmo dutput. Rmo dporhtnfi pdnft dl tmo prohjpenor whs hs N mhb checuehtob nt, hfb tmo dutput whs ht ; \ hs mdpob. [mow! @ut tmo oxcntojoft whs fdt dvor yot1 infiorey N hbaustob [8 ldr h qunoscoft curroft dl 8;; jH nf ohcm dl tmo cdjpeojofthry dutput trhfsnstdr phnrs. Ovorytmnfi whs stnee wdrgnfi sjddtmey. Yntm h 8?; \ suppey N fdw mhb h qunoscoft bnssnphtndf dl h`dut <; Y1 N whntob hfb cmocgob tmht tmo curroft rojhnfob sth`eo1 nt bnb. Hf hbvhfthio dl tmo oxdr`nthftey-prncob Mnthcmn JDSLORs usob nf tmo bosnif ns tmht, ufengo `npdehr trhfsnstdrs, tmoy bd fdt mhvo h foihtnvo tojporhturo cdofficnoft, mofco bd fdt suor lrdj tmorjhe rufhwhy. H lurtmor hbvhfthio ns tmht tmoy dfey mhvo h sjhee nfput chphcnthfco, ovof cdjphrob td jdborf pdwor JDSLORs. Rmo curroft tmrduim R88 hfb R80 hfb mofco tmo brnvor pdwor chf tmoroldro `o gopt wntmnf rohsdfh`eo `dufbs. Df tmo bdwf snbo tmo JDSLORs mhvo h mnim brhnf-sdurco rosnsthfco, wmncm invos h vdethio brdp dl fohrey 8; \ ht h pohg curroft dl 2 H tmrduim ohcm JDSLOR. Dm woee, ydu chf„t mhvo ovorytmnfi. Rmo foxt stop whs td tost tmo ufnt ldr h edfi porndb ht mnim pdwor. H moht mhzo sddf ldrjob h`dvo tmo edhb rosnstdrs hfb ovof tmo hjpenor„s jhssnvo mohtsnfg quncgey `ochjo whrj, `ut ydu cdueb stnee tducm nt hltor nt mhb `oof ruffnfi ldr vo jnfutos. Ovorytmnfi soojob td `o sth`eo. Hs ydu jnimt njhinfo, N whs rhtmor roenovob! Hee N mhb td bd fdw whs tost tmo porldrjhfco dl tmo ufnt ldr bnstdrtndf hfb jhgo sdjo dtmor johsurojofts dl nts cmhrhctornstncs1 soo tmo toxt `dx. Rmof N `usnob jysoel wntm `unebnfi h prdtdtypo wntm nts dwf trhfsldrjor pdwor suppey, tostob tmo prdtoctndf cnrcuntry, hfb wrdto tmo hccdjphfynfi twd-phrt hrtnceo tmht ydu chf bdwfedhb ldr lroo, cdjpenjofts dl Potrdfncs, lrdj W0Z dr rotrnovo nt lrdj ydur Oeogtdr 8>=;s B\B W3Z.
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B-N-S-C-D N whs vory prdub wmof tmo Jhy 8>=< nssuo fheey hppohrob nf tmo fowshiofts. Rmo mhfbsdjo rotrd-styeo jhihznfo cdvor (mohb pmdtd) mhb jy bosnif hs tmo eohb hrtnceo, h lhct wmncm njprossob jy loeedw stubofts fd ofb!
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Lniuro 0. [dssn`eo cdfstructndf wntm phssnvo cddenfi (0h) hfb wntm hctnvo cddenfi usnfi h lhf (0`).
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj
Rmo drninfhe hrtnceo idos nftd edts dl bothne h`dut tmo `unebnfi tmo ufnt, nfceubnfi fdt dfey tmo pdwor suppey hfb prdtoctndf cnrcuntry, `ut hesd tmo jocmhfnche cdfstructndf. Lniuros 0h hfb 0` smdw sgotcmos neeustrhtnfi pdssn`eo ehyduts wntm phssnvo cddenfi hfb wntm hctnvo cddenfi. H low fdtos df prdtoctndf1 nt whs ossoftnhe td boehy swntcmnfi df tmo edubspohgor (tmo turf-df cencg dl h 8-gY pdwor dutput sthio ns fdt sdjotmnfi ydu whft td mohr twnco) hfb mhvo h ”sdlt sthrt„ ldr tmo jhnfs trhfsldrjor. trhfsldrjor. Rmns ns `ochuso wmof h 8?;;-\H 8?;;-\H edhb ns n s cdffoctob nt„s hewhys pdssn`eo td mnt tmo wrdfi pdnft nf tmo jhnfs whvoldrj1 tmo trhfsldrjor cdro wnee shturhto hfb tmo jhnfs luso wnee id `hfi. Ovof aust tmo nfrusm curroft roqunrob td cmhrio
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tmo `hfg dl sjddtmnfi oeoctrdeytncs ns ofduim td chuso ydu hf ufwhftob vnsnt td tmo luso `dx. Sd lhr sd iddb. Rmo dfo gnedwhtt mn- sphrgob cdfsnborh`eo nftorost1 ldr oxhjpeo, tmo Iorjhf jhihznfo ”Oeogtrdfng„ ropdrtob df nt nf Jhy 8>=< W2Z hs phrt dl h tmojob nssuo df pdwor oeoctrdfncs. N `unet jy dwf vorsndf dl tmo cnrcunt nf hf ofdrjdus mn- ofcedsuro, tmo wmdeo tmnfi wonimnfi dvor 9; gi, hfb spoft tmo foxt tof yohrs brhiinfi nt hrdufb hs N jdvob lrdj mduso td mduso uftne N jhfhiob td soee nt ldr h bocoft prnco1 hs N bnscdvorob, fdt hee jy pdtoftnhe phrtfors woro qunto hs ofhjdrob dl nt hs N whs! N stnee wdfbor lrdj tnjo td tnjo wmd oxhctey wdueb whft td `uneb sucm h muio pdwor hjpenor hfb wmy. Dfo hfswor chjo lrdj h lrnofb dl jy ydufior `rdtmor cheeob @orfb Ofinst, wmd whs h`dut td `ocdjo hf oeoctrdfncs ofinfoor. ofinfoor. ”Dl cdurso„ mo mhb `oof hf hvnb Oeogtdr rohbor snfco mns hbdeoscofco hfb mhb ttob dut h fohr`y bnscd wntm twd dl jy hjpenors. Mo tdeb jo theos dl mdurs dl cdftnfudus dvoredhb, dl wrdfi cdffoctndfs hfb dl bostrdyob dutput trhfsnstdrs, hfb, wmht„s jdro, tmht mo mhb hesd soof jy hjpenor `onfi usob nf dtmor bnscds. Hfy rohbors wmd looe tmo foob td `o rojnfbob dl tmo jusnc lrdj tmo orh dl smduebor phbs hfb `hb mhnrcuts smdueb `ddino dvor td W?Z.
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Poufndf N„b hejdst ldridttof tmns wmdeo stdry wmof ldur yohrs hid N ldufb jysoel sthfbnfi nf Iõftor„s Iõftor „s wdrgsmdp ht tmo Soiwhy Cedfors Ceu` jootnfi. Mo mhb `oof ntcmnfi td smdw jo ”mns„ hjpenor ldr h low bhys, hfb fdw tmoro wo woro. N whs njprossob tmht nt stnee mhb tmo drninfhe =;s phtnfh1 Lniuros 3h hfb 3` smdw tmo lrdft phfoe hfb tmo nftorfhe cdfstructndf. N cdueb dfey njhinfo mdw jhfy tmdushfbs dl podpeo mhb struttob tmonr lufgy stu td sdfis pehyob ED_B tmrduim tmht hjpenor. Iõftor ns hf oxport nf rhbnd hfb toeovnsndf ofinfoornfi hfb mhs mns dwf wdrgsmdp wmoro mo bosnifs oeoctrdfncs ldr nfbustrnhe hppenchtndfs. @hcg nf 8>=< mns ydufior soel mhb `oof chptnvhtob `y tmo hjpenor bosnif. Luee dl oftmusnhsj mo otcmob mns dwf `dhrbs hfb `unet h phssnvoey-cddeob 0 x ?;; whtts vorsndf dl tmo hjpenor (tmo twd cmhffoes cdueb dl cdurso hesd `o `rnbiob). Rdiotmor Rdiotmor wntm lrnofbs mo tmof drihfnzob sovorhe bnscds ldr phrtnos nf edche mhees hfb lostnvhes nf tmo cduftrysnbo, thgnfi hedfi mns dwf enimtnfi, jnrrdr `hees, strd`os hfb dtmor phrhpmorfhenh. Rmns hee moepob td `destor mns johior shehry hs h trhnfoo. Bospnto tmo rduim cdfbntndfs hfb `onfi brhiiob lrdj smdw td smdw, Iõftor shys mns ufnt moeb up woee. Nt„s hewhys fnco td mhvo h shtnsob custdjor... (8?;93=)
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Lniuro 3. Lrdft vnow (3h) dl Iõftor Iordeb„s hjpenor wntm nts drninfhe =;s phtnfh. Mns jd`neo bnscd roadncob nf tmo fhjo dl ”Eot„s Lotz„! Lotz„! Lrdj h`dvo (3`) ydu chf soo tmo ooct dl pujpnfi tmdushfbs dl cnihrottos„ wdrtm dl lujos tmrduim tmo ufnt.
Potrdfncs ns h jdftmey soctndf cdvornfi vnfthio oeoctrdfncs nfceubnfi eoiofbhry Oeogtdr bosnifs. www.oeogtdr.tv Cdftrn`utndfs, suiiostndfs hfb roquosts hro woecdjo7 peohso toeoirhpm obntdrKoeogtdr obntdrKoeogtdr.cdj .cdj
Yo` Enfgs hfb Polorofcos W8Z Oeogtdr SC/J[ Cdjputor (8>9=), Potrdfncs Hprne 0;;?. W0Z ”Mnim-pdwor HL Hjpenor„, Oeogtdr Jhy hfb Aufo 8>=<7 lroo bdwfedhb ht www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj/8?;93= W3Z Oeogtdr 8>=;-8>=> df B\B1 www.oeogtdr www.oeogtdr.cdj/bvb-oeogtdr-8>=;-tmrduim-8>=> .cdj/bvb-oeogtdr-8>=;-tmrduim-8>=> W2Z ”Dfo Gnedwhtt Mn-„, Mn-„, Oeogtrdfng 88/8>=<, phio 083 (nf Iorjhf) W?Z ”N Looe Edvo„, Edvo„, Bdffh Sujjor, mttps1//idd.ie/]GJhoG mttps1//idd.ie/]GJhoG
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Oeogtdr Ydreb Fows Cdjpneob `y Pd`ort vhf bor Qwhf
H fow rocdrb Oeogtdr whs tmoro dl cdurso, ht Oj`obbob Ydreb 0;8< nf Furoj`ori. Rmo trhbo lhnr whs h succoss. Yntm >3> oxmn`ntnfi cdjphfnos prosoft (up 2% lrdj 0;8?), wo corthnfey mhb h mhrb tnjo scdutnfi tmo lhnr ffddrs. Rmo ffnp snbo dl tmo cdnf ns tmht wo hccujuehtob edhbs dl nftorostnfi fows! Dur tohj spdgo td ht eohst 8;; podpeo lrdj bnoroft cdjphfnos ehrio hfb sjhee. Rmns fow rocdrb smdueb toee ydu sdjotmnfi h`dut wmht ydu chf oxpoct tmo cdjnfi jdftms…
Oj`obbob Enfux ns cdjnfi Ymht bnb tmo Oeogtdr tohj mohr lrdj tmonr rohbors wmof whegnfi hrdufb ht Oj`obbob Ydreb 0;8<4 Rmht, hjdfi dtmor tmnfis, nt wdueb `o fnco nl wo cdueb phy h entteo jdro httoftndf td oj`obbob Enfux. Yoee, @ofobngt Shuor whs hesd prosoft ht ”Oj`obbob„. Mo smdwob us h fow vorsndf dl mns Enfux `dhrb. Rmo `dhrb invos ydu h porloct oxhjpeo mdw td njpeojoft oj`obbob Enfux. Hfb yos, @ofobngt whfts td smhro mns gfdweobio wntm us. Rd `o cdftnfuob…
POHB DFE DF E^ JOJDP^ Oeogtdr jhihznfo hfb nts phroft pu`ensmnfi cdjphfy `dhst h edfi hfb rncm mnstdry. Nf tmns sphco wo pncturo h ioj lrdj tmo phst. Njhinfo eddgnfi ht ydur dwf, lueey lufctndfhe, jnfnhturo Pmnfo Rdwor Rdwor Cedcg. Nf rohenty, tmo tdwor cedcg ht Bussoebdrl (Iorjhfy) cdfsnsts dl vortncheey hrrhfiob ehjps tmht smnfo dut tmrduim iehzob rdufb wnfbdws nf h Iorjhf-systojhtnc why. Ht 031?>1?> hee enimts hro neeujnfhtob hfb ht tmo strdgo dl jnbfnimt (;;1;;1;;) (;;1;;1;;) hee enimts oxtnfiunsm, sthrtnfi h fow 02-mdur cyceo. Rd jnjnc tmo shjo ooct wntm EOBs, tmo Ahfuhry 0;;; nssuo fdt dfey ihvo ydu tmo scmojhtncs, `ut hesd… h [C@ smhpob engo tmo rohe tmnfi.
Lnxnfi ^dur [mdfo td Jhgo `y Rossoe Pofzof`rnfg
Rmo Lhnrpmdfo 0 ns tmo rst jdbuehr pmdfo nf tmo wdreb ‒ nt roconvob h 8;/8; rhtnfi df nLnxnt„s rophnr snto hfb cdjos wntm hf _S@ oxphfsndf pdrt. @dtm hcmnovojofts cdftrn`uto td tmo cdro purpdso dl tmo Lhnrpmdfo prdaoct1 rhnsnfi hwhrofoss dl otmncs nf oeoctrdfncs `y crohtnfi h lhnror bovnco. Rmo vheuo cmhnf dl tmo oeoctrdfncs nfbustry ns h ied`he, cdjpeox, fotwdrg dl hctnvntnos hfb prdcossos. Nf bnoroft pmhsos dl tmo vheuo cmhnf tmoro hro ofvnrdfjofthe, sdcnhe hfb ocdfdjnc nssuos, sucm hs tmo uso dl fhturhe rosdurcos hfb vndehtndfs dl eh`dr rnimts. Butcm sdcnhe oftorprnso, Lhnrpmdfo hnjs td jhgo tmo mnbbof wdreb `omnfb dur oeoctrdfnc bovncos trhfsphroft. Rmroo hspocts ―Rd jhgo h lhnror pmdfo wo eddg ht tmroo hspocts1 tmo vheuo cmhnf, invnfi usors dwforsmnp dvor tmonr bovnco hfb whsto jhfhiojoft‚, shys Bduwo Scmjnbt, cdjjufnty jhfhior ht Lhnrpmdfo. ―Rmo bosnif dl tmo Lhnrpmdfo 0 enos ht tmo mohrt dl tmoso tmroo hspocts. Rmo rst Lhnrpmdfo whsf„t bosnifob `y tmo cdjphfy ntsoel, nt whs hf d-tmo-smoel bovnco wntm h low jdbnchtndfs. @ut tmo socdfb ntorhtndf dl tmo Lhnrpmdfo ns dur dwf bosnif. Yo cmdso td bd tmns `ochuso nt invos us h `ottor ufborsthfbnfi dl tmo vheuo cmhnf. Yo mhvo td fb bnstrn`utdrs hfb jhfulhcturors hfb wdrg wntm tmoj. Rmht invos us nfsnimt nf mdw tmoy dporhto, hfb puts us nf h `ottor pdsntndf td nfffuofco tmonr prdcossos. Nf tmht sofso, bosnifnfi tmo pmdfo ns h sthrtnfi pdnft.‚
―Hfdtmor `ofolnt dl bosnifnfi dur dwf prdbuct ns tmht nt mhs ofh`eob us td dor h jdbuehr pmdfo. Rmo jdbuehr hrcmntocturo ofh`eos usors td rophnr tmonr dwf bovncos, invnfi tmoj h sofso dl dwforsmnp. Hfb, ehstey, tmo bosnif cdftrn`utos td robucnfi o-whsto. Yo chf njpeojoft hf ofb-dl-enlo strhtoiy ht tmo `oinffnfi dl tmo prdbuct enlo cyceo. Yo chf bd tmns `y bosnifnfi nt nf sucm h why tmht nts cdfstntuoft cdjpdfofts hro ohsnor td bnshssoj`eo hfb rocyceo.‚
[OD[EO FOYS ◄ Pofî @dmfo lrdj PYRM Hhcmof _fnvorsnty (Iorjhfy) wnee `o hbvnsnfi Oeogtdr df df sottnfi Ofinfoornfi ◄ Ihzn Hgbhi wnee `o wdrgnfi wdrgnfi lrdj Nsthf`ue td httrhct ovof jdro joj`ors nf Rurgoy ◄ ^dsmnmnrd [nthyh h mdusomdeb fhjo usnfi Oeogtdr„s fow Ahphfoso obntndf ◄ Fujordus rospdfsos nf Auenh Irdtofrhtm„s soeoctob cenofts ht Oj`obbob Ydreb 0;8< 0;8< woft bdwf roheey woee. ... ... ...
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h Bnorofco Rd rohb tmo oftnro nftorvnow id td www.oeogtdrjhihznfo. www.oeo gtdrjhihznfo.cdj/fows/lhnrpmd cdj/fows/lhnrpmdfo-0-xnfifo-0-xnfiydur-pmdfo-td-jhgo-h-bnorofco
O][OPR [PDLNEO Oeogtdr wdrgs cedsoey tdiotmor wntm jdro tmhf 8,;;; oxports hfb hutmdrs ldr tmo pu`enchtndf dl `ddgs, hrtnceos, B\Bs, B\Bs, wo`nfhrs hfb envo ovofts. Nf ohcm nfstheejoft dl Oeogtdr Ydrb Fows wo put dfo dl tmoj nf tmo enjoenimt.
Fhjo1 Dschr Jhrnd Cnpdeeh Hio1 ?3 Obuchtndf1 Oeoctrdfncs Bosnif Ofinfoor Bnpedjh [rdlossndfhe nftorosts1 hubnd bosnif usnfi `dtm sdenb-sthto hfb tu`os
Ymd ns Dschr Jhrnd Cnpdeeh4
N edvob tmo sdufb dl tu`os snfco N whs ?. Nf jy lhtmor„s hubnd eh` N sthrtob eohrfnfi h`dut tu`os hfb sdenb-sthto hjpenors1 ”OCC=3„, ”OE=2„, ”OE=2„, ”=;9„, ”OE32„… Ht tmo hio dl 8; N twohgob jy rst storod hubnd hjpenor, dfo lrdj tmo ?;s, cheeob ”Ioedsd„. Hltor jhfy yohrs xnfi hfb fo tufnfi mnim-ofb hjps hfb edubspohgors, N bocnbob td sthrt jy dwf cdjphfy. Ymht wnee `o tmo jdst goy oeoctrdfncs bovoedpjoft tmo cdjnfi yohrs4
Fdwhbhys wo hro `rohtmnfi h fow `roozo fhjob NdR. Nt„s hjhznfi td tmnfg tmht wo hro jhfhinfi ovorytmnfi wntm h sjhrtpmdfo. Rmo dtmor iddb fows ns tmht nf tmo _S, iddb deb vnfye ns prdvnbnfi h fow irdwtm njpueso nf tmo jusnc nfbustry. Bninthe ns porloct, `ut hfhedi ns ovof `ottor! Ymht jhgos ydur cduftry bnoroft lrdj tmo _S nf torjs dl oeoctrdfnc nffdvhtndf4 nffdvhtndf4
Nthey ns tmo cduftry dl pdots hfb nfvoftdrs. Nf oeoctrdfncs bosnif, wo `rduimt tmo wdreb jhfy njpdrthft nffdvhtndfs. @ut wo bdf„t mhvo tmo strofitm td suppdrt dur nfbustry. Hrbunfd ns h porloct oxhjpeo. Hrbunfd whsf„t phrtncuehrey woee-gfdwf nf Nthey `oldro nts `rohgtmrduim nf tmo _S hfb tmo _G. Ymht prdaoct hro ydu jdst prdub dl hfb wmy4
Yoee, jy rohe jhstorpnoco ns jy bhuimtor Sdh ‒ smo ns 0< fdw. Fnco Inre! Rmo dtmor prdaocts hro iddb, sucm hs h tu`ob enfo-snifhe `uor `dhrb, ofsurnfi tmht tmo CB pehyor prdbucos whrj sdufb tdd. @ut tmo foxt prdaoct wnee prd`h`ey `o h vory iddb dfo. Ymht bd ydu mdpo td hccdjpensm wntmnf tmo foxt vo yohrs4
Yo hro wdrgnfi df h roheey mnim vheuo prdaoct, cheeob ”Rmo Cdedj`d„s oii„. Phsp`orry [n ns hf oxhjpeo dl wmht N wdueb engo td crohto. Suppdso ydu iot $?;; td `uy stu stu nf tmo Oeogtdr Stdro1 wmht ns nt idnfi td `o4
up fow obuchtndfhe jhtornhe ldr stubofts nf Oeoctrdfnc Rsu`dn lrdj Rdgyd ns oxpedrnfi dppdrtufntnos td jhgo Pob jhne`dx sooj td nfbnchto tmht tmo chgo smo `rduimt td
N wdueb `uy h cdjpeoto Pob [nthyh sot nfceubnfi tmo prd hpps hfb tmo njpobhfco hfheyzor `dhrb. N hj hbbnctob td hubnd oqunpjoft hfb Pob [nthyh ns tmo `ost sdeutndf ldr ohsy hfb pdrth`eo johsurnfi. Rmo rojdto nftorlhco lohturo jhgos Pob [nthyh roheey sjhrt hfb ufnquo. (8?;99=)
www.oeogtdrjhihznfo.cdj Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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Moxhbdgu
Rmo Drninfhe Oeogtdrnzob Subdgu
Sujjor„s hpprdhcmnfi! hpprdhcmnfi! Rnjo td fb h qunot sphco nf tmo smhbo dr jneb sufsmnfo wntm h cdde brnfg wntmn f ohsy rohcm. Ovof nl ydu hro fdt h suf wdrsmnppor, ydu smdueb `o h`eo td fb h roehxnfi jdjoft td hctnvoey phrtncnphto wntm dur Moxhbdgu. Lnfb tmo sdeutndf nf tmo irhy `dxos, su`jnt nt td us `y ojhne, hfb ydu hutdjhtncheey oftor tmo prnzo brhw ldr dfo dl tmroo Oeogtdr `ddg vducmors. Rmo Moxhbdgu puzzeo ojpedys fuj`ors nf tmo moxhbocnjhe rhfio ; tmrduim L. Nf tmo bnhirhj cdjpdsob dl 8< Ù 8< `dxos, oftor fuj`ors sucm tmht hee moxhbocnjhe hee moxhbocnjhe fuj`ors ; tmrduim L (tmht„s ;-> hfb H-L) dccur dfco dfey nf ohcm rdw, dfco nf ohcm cdeujf hfb nf ohcm dl tmo 2Ù2 `dxos (jhrgob (jhrgob `y tmo
tmncgor `ehcg enfos). H fuj`or dl ceuos hro invof nf tmo puzzeo hfb tmoso botorjnfo tmo sthrt sntuhtndf. Cdrroct oftrnos roconvob oftor h prnzo brhw. Hee ydu foob td bd ns sofb us tmo fuj`ors nf tmo irhy `dxos. `dxos.
Sdevo Moxhbdgu hfb wnf! Cdrroct sdeutndfs roconvob lrdj tmo oftnro Oeogtdr rohborsmnp hutdjhtncheey oftor h prnzo brhw ldr tmroo Oeogtdr @ddg \ducmors wdrtm $9;.;; / £2;.;; / ₥?;.;; ohcm, ohcm, wmncm smdueb ofcdurhio hee Oeogtdr rohbors td phrtncnphto.
[hrtncnphto! _etnjhtoey Aufo 8, 0;8?, suppey ydur fhjo, stroot hbbross hfb tmo sdeutndf (tmo fuj`ors nf tmo irhy ` dxos) `y ojhne td1 moxhbdguKoeogtdr.cdj
[rnzo wnffors Rmo sdeutndf dl Moxhbdgu nfstheejoft 0/0;8< (Jhrcm & Hprne) ns1 0L;8C. Rmo ₥?; / £2; / $9; `ddg vducmors mhvo `oof hwhrbob td1 Jhrtnf bo Idos (Fotmorehfbs), Mhfs @orieufb (Fdrwhy) hfb Lutum Cdgeu (Rurgoy). (Rurgoy). Cdfirhtuehtndfs ovorydfo!
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Rmo cdjpotntndf ns fdt dpof t d ojpedyoos dl Oeogtdr Nftorfhtndfhe Jobnh, nts su`snbnhrnos, encofsoos hfb/dr hssdcnhtob pu`ensmnfi mdusos.
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Jhy & Aufo 0;8<
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@y drbornfi ydu”ro suppdrtnfi [hue – tmhfg ydu! Lnfb dut jdro1 mttp1//rcm.et/phue
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