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CHAPTER 13 Adjective Clause Exercise 1. Adjective clause pronouns used as subjects. Directions: Combine the to sentences. !sed the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. " sa sa the the man. man. He He close closedd the the door door.. Anser# " sa the man ho closed the door. 2. The $irl $irl is is happ% happ%.. &he &he on on the the race. race. Anser# The $irl ho on the race ra ce is happ%. 3. The stud student ent is is 'rom 'rom China. China. He He sits sits next next to me. me. Anser# The student ho sits next to me is 'rom China. (. The student studentss are 'rom 'rom China. China. The% The% sit in the 'ront 'ront ro. ro. Anser# The students ho sit in the 'ront ro are 'rom China. ). *e are stud%in stud%in$$ sentences. sentences. The% contain contain adjective adjective clauses. clauses. Anser# *e are stud%in$ sentences hich contain adjective clauses. +. " am usin$ usin$ a sentence. sentence. "t contain containss an adjective adjective clause. clause. Anser# " am usin$ a sentence hich contains an adjective clause. ,. Al$ebra Al$ebra problems problems contain contain letters. letters. The% The% stand stand 'or un-no un-non n numbers. numbers. Anser# Al$ebra problems contain letters hich stand 'or un-non numbers. . The taxi taxi driver as as 'riendl% 'riendl%.. He tootoo- me to the the airport. airport. Anser# The taxi driver ho too- me to the airport as 'riendl%. Exerxise 2. Adjective clause pronouns used as the object o' a verb. Directions: Combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 0ive all the possible patterns. 1. The The booboo- as as $oo $ood. d. " read read it. it. Anser# The boo- hich " read as $ood. 2. " li-ed li-ed the oman oman.. " met her at at the part% part% last last ni$ht ni$ht.. Anser# " li-ed the oman hom " met at the part% last ni$ht. 3. " li-ed li-ed the comp composi ositio tion. n. o ou rote rote it. Anser# " li-e the composition hich %ou rote. (. The people people ere ere ver% nice. *e *e visited visited them %esterda %esterda%%. Anser# The people hom e visited %esterda% ere ver% nice. ). The man is standin$ standin$ over over there. there. Ann Ann brou$ht brou$ht him him to the the part%. part%. Anser# The man hom Ann brou$ht to the part% is standin$ over there. Exercise 3. Adjective clause pronouns used as the object o' a preposition. Directions: Combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 0ive all the possible patterns . 1. The meeti meetin$ n$ as as intere interesti stin$. n$. " ent ent to to it. Anser# The meetin$ to hich " ent as interestin$. 2. The man man as ver% -ind. -ind. " tal-ed tal-ed to to him %esterda% %esterda%.. Anser# The man to hom " tal-ed ta l-ed %esterda% as ver% -ind.
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3. " must must thanthan- the peopl people. e. " $ot a prese present nt 'rom 'rom them. them. Anser# " must than- the people 'rom hom " $ot a present. (. The pict picture ure as as beauti beauti'ul 'ul.. &he as as loo-in loo-in$$ at it. Anser# The picture at hich she as loo-in$ as beauti'ul. ). The man man is standin standin$$ over there. " as tellin$ tellin$ %ou about about him. him. Anser# The man about hom " as tellin$ %ou is standin$ over there. +. " ran into into a oman. oman. " had $one $one to elementar% elementar% school school ith ith her. her. Anser# " ran into a oman ith hom " had $one to elementar% school. ,. The topic topic as as interes interestin tin$. $. mar mar tal-ed tal-ed about about it. it. Anser# The topic about hich mar tal-ed ta l-ed as interestin$. . The peop people le ere ere 'riendl 'riendl%%. " spo-e spo-e to them. them. Anser# The people to hom " spo-e ere 'riendl%. . l$a l$a rote rote on a topic topic.. &he -ne -ne noth nothin$ in$ about about it. it. Anser# l$a rote on a topic abot hich she -ne nothin$. 14. He candidate didn5t in the election. " voted 'or her. Anser# The candidate 'or hom " voted didn5t in the election. Exercise (. Adjective clauses Directions: "denti'% the adjective clause in each sentence. Then $ive the other possible pattern. 1. 6id " tell tell %ou %ou about about the the oman oman " met met last last ni$ht7 ni$ht7 Anser# 8 Adjective Adjective clause# " met last ni$ht. ther possible pattern# 6id " tell %ou about the oman hom " met last ni$ht7 2. The oma omann " as danci dancin$ n$ ith ith steppe steppedd on m% toe. toe. Anser# 8 Adjective clause# " as dancin$ ith. ther possible pattern# The oman ith hom " as dancin$ stepped on m% toe. 3. The report report 9oe is is ritin$ ritin$ must must be be 'inished 'inished b% :rida% :rida%.. Anser# 8 Adjective clause# 9oe is ritin$. ther possible patterns# The report hich 9oe is ritin$ must be 'inished b% :rida%. (. The doctor doctor ho examined examined the the sicsic- child child as $entle. $entle. Anser# 8 Adjective clause# *ho examined the sic- child ther possible patterns# The doctor that examined the sic- child as $entle ). The peop people le " as as aitin aitin$$ 'or ere ere late. late. Anser# 8 Adjective clause# " as aitin$ 'or ther possible pattern# The people 'or hom " as aitin$ ere late. +. 6id %ou %ou hear about about the earth;uaearth;ua-ee that occurred occurred in Cali'orni Cali'ornia7 a7 Anser# 8 Adjective clause# That occurred in Cali'ornia
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ther possible possible pattern# pattern# 6id %ou hear about the earth;ua-e earth;ua-e hich occurred in Cali'ornia7 Exercise ). Adjective clauses. 6irection# Combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 0ive the possible adjective clause pattern. 1. &he lectured lectured on a topic. topic. " -no ver% little little about about it. Anser# &he lectured on a topic about hich " -no ver% little 2. The students students missed the assi$nment. assi$nment. The% The% ere absent 'rom class. Anser# The students ho ere absent 'rom class c lass missed the assi$nment. R 3. esterda% esterda% " ran into an old 'riend. " hadn5t hadn5t seen him 'or %ears. Anser# esterda% esterda% " ran into an old old 'riend hom " hadn5t seen or %ears. (. The %oun$ omen omen are all 'rom 9apan. *e met them at the meetin$ last ni$ht. Anser# The %oun$ omen hom e met at the meetin$ last ni$ht are all ). +. ,. .
'rom 9apan. " am readin$ a boo-. "t as ritten ritten b% 9ane Austen. Austen. Anser# " am readin$ a boo- hich as ritten b% 9ane Austen. The man $ave $ave me $ood advice. advice. " spo-e spo-e to him. him. Anser# The man to hom " spo-e $ave me a boo-. " returned the mone%. mone%. " had borroed borroed it 'rom m% roommate. Anser# " returned the mone% hich " had borroed 'rom m% roommate. The do$catcher cau$ht the do$. "t had bitten m% nei$hbor5s dau$hter. Anser# The do$catcher cau$ht the do$ hich had bitten m% nei$hbor5s
dau$hter. . " read about about a man. He -eeps chic-e chic-ens ns in his apartment apartment.. Anser# " read about a man ho -eeps chic-ens in his apartment. Exercise +. Adjective clauses. Directions: All o' these sentences contain errors in adjective clause structures. Correct the errors. 1. "n our villa$e/ villa$e/ there there ere man% man% people people didn5 didn5tt have much mone% mone%.. Anser# "n our villa$e/ there ere man% people ho didn5t have much mone%. mone%. 2. " enjo%e enjo%edd the booboo- that that %ou %ou told told me me to read read it. Anser# " enjo%ed the boo- that %ou told me to read it. 3. " still still remembe rememberr the man ho ho he tau$ht tau$ht me me to pla% the the violin violin hen hen " as a bo%. bo%. Anser# " still remember the man ho he tau$ht me to pla% the violin hen " as a bo%. (. " shoed shoed m% 'athe 'atherr a picture picture o' the car " am $oin$ $oin$ to bu% bu% it as soon soon as " save save enou$h mone%. Anser# " shoed m% 'ather the picture o' the car hich " am $oin$ to bu% it as soon as " save enou$h mone%. mone%.
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). The oman oman about about ho ho " as tal-i tal-in$ n$ about about sudden suddenl% l% al-ed al-ed into into the room. room. " hope she didn5t hear me. Anser# The oman about hom " as tal-in$ suddenl% al-ed into the room. " hope she didn5t hear me. +. Almost Almost all o' o' the people people appear appear on television television ear ma-eup ma-eup.. Anser# Almost Almost all o' the people ho appear on television ear ma-eup. ,. " don5t don5t li-e to spend spend time time ith people people hich hich loses loses their their temper temper easil%. easil%. Anser# Anser# " don5t don5t li-e to spend spend time ith the people people ho lose their temper temper easil%. . The The bo% bo% dre dre pictur pictures es o' peop people le at an airpor airportt hic hichh as as ait aitin in$$ 'or 'or thei their r planes. Anser# Anser# The bo% dre pictures pictures o' people people at an airport ho ere aitin$ 'or their planes. . People People ho ho or-s or-s in the hun$er hun$er pro$ram pro$ram the% the% estimate estimate that 3)44 3)44 people people in the orld die 'rom starvation ever% da% o' the %ear. Anser# Anser# People People ho or- in the hun$er hun$er pro$ra pro$ram m the% the% estima estimate te that that 3)44 3)44 people in the orld die 'rom starvation ever% da% o' the the %ear. 14. "n one corner o' the mar-etplace/ an old man ho as pla%in$ a violin. Anser# Anser# "n one corner corner o' the mar-et mar-etplac place/ e/ an old man ho ho as pla%in$ pla%in$ a violin. Exercise 14. !sin$ *H&E in adjective clauses. Directions: Combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. " -no -no a man. man. His His last last name name is 0oo 0oose. se. Anser# " -no a man hose name is 0oose. 2. " apolo$ apolo$i
orth teaches teaches a class 'or 'or students. students. Their Their native native lan$ua$e lan$ua$e is not En$lis En$lish. h. Anser# =r. >orth teaches a class 'or students hose native lan$ua$e is not En$lish. ,. The people people ere nice. *e visited visited their their house. house. Anser# The people hose house e visited ere nice. . " live in in a dormitor% dormitor%.. "ts residents residents come come 'rom 'rom man% countries. countries. Anser# " live in a dormitor% hose residents come 'rom man% countries.
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. " have to call call the man. man. " accidentall% accidentall% pic-ed pic-ed up his umbrella umbrella a'ter a'ter the meetin$. meetin$. Anser# " have to call the man hose umbrella " accidentall% pic-ed up a'ter the meetin$. 14. The man poured a $lass $lass o' ater on his his 'ace. His beard cau$ht on 'ire hen he lit a ci$arette. Anser# The man hose beard cau$ht on 'ire hen he lit a ci$arette poured a $lass o' ater on his 'ace. Exercise 11. !sin$ hose in adjective clause. 1. =aria =aria is a studen student.t. o ou 'ound 'ound her her boo-. boo-. Anser# =aria is the student hose boo- " 'ound. 2. mar is a student. student. ou borroed borroed his diction dictionar% ar%.. Anser# mar the student hose dictionar% " borroed. 3. ou ou used a oman5s oman5s phone. phone. o ou than-ed than-ed her. her. Anser# " than-ed the oman hose phone " used. (. ou ou bro-e bro-e a child5 child5ss to% to%. He started started to to cr%. cr%. Anser# The child hose to% " bro-e started to cr%. ). ou ou sta%ed sta%ed at a 'amil%5s 'amil%5s house. house. The% The% ere ver% ver% -ind. -ind. Anser# The 'amil% hose house " sta%ed at ere ver% -ind. +. A oman5s oman5s purse as stolen stolen.. &he called the police. police. Anser# The oman hose purse as stolen called the police. ,. Ariana 0rande 0rande is a sin$er. sin$er. ou li-e his?her his?her music music best. best. Anser# Ariana 0rande is the sin$er hose music " li-e best. . Ever%one Ever%one tried to help a 'amil% 'amil%.. Their Their house house had burned burned don. don. Anser# Ever%one tried to help the 'amil% hose house had burned don. Exercise 12. !sin$ *H&E in adjective clauses. 1. That That man5 man5ss i'e i'e is %our %our teac teacher her.. Anser# There is the man hose i'e is m% teacher. 2. That oman5s oman5s husband husband is a 'ootball 'ootball pla%er pla%er.. Anser# There is the oman hose husband is a 'ootball pla%er. 3. That That bo%5 bo%5ss 'athe 'atherr is a doctor doctor.. Anser# There is the bo% hose 'ather is a doctor. (. That That $irl5 $irl5ss moth mother er is a denti dentist. st. Anser# There is the $irl hose mother is a dentist. ). That person5 person5ss picture picture as in the the nespa nespaper. per. Anser# There is the person hose picture as in the nespaper. +. That That oma oman5 n5ss car as stolen stolen.. Anser# There is the oman hose car as stolen. ,. That man5s man5s dau$hter dau$hter on on a $old $old medal medal at the the l%mpic l%mpic 0ames. 0ames. Anser# There is the man hose dau$hter on a $old medal at the l%mpic 0ames. . ou 'ound 'ound that that oman oman5s 5s -e%s. -e%s. Anser# There is the oman hose -e%s " 'ound.
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. ou are are in that that teach teacher5s er5s class. class. Anser# There is the teacher hose class "5m in. 14. *e met that man5s man5s i'e. Anser# There is the man hose i'e e met. 11. ou ou read that author5s author5s boo-. Anser# There is the author hose boo- " read. 12. ou ou borroed that student5s student5s lecture notes. Anser# There is the student hose lecture notes " borroed. Exercise 1(. !sin$ *HERE in adjective clauses. Directions: combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. The cit% as as beauti'u beauti'ul.l. *e *e spent spent our our vacation vacation there there @in that cit% cit% Anser# The cit% here e spent our vacation as beauti'ul. 2. That is the restauran restaurant.t. " ill ill meet %ou %ou there @at that that restaurant restaurant Anser# That is the restaurant here " ill meet %ou. 3. The ton ton is small small.. " $re up up there there @in that that ton ton Anser# The ton here " $re up is small. (. That is the draer draer.. " -eep -eep m% jeelr% there @in @in that draer draer Anser# Tat Tat is the draer here " -eep m% jeelr%. Exersice 1). !sin$ *HE> in adjective clauses. Directions: combine the sentences/ usin$ the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. =onda% =onda% is the the da%. da%. *e *e ill ill come come then @on @on that that da% da% Anser# =onda% is the da% hen e ill come. 2. ,#4) is the the time. time. =% plane arrives arrives then then @at that that time time Anser# ,#4) is the time hen m% plane arrives 3. 9ul% is the month. month. The The eather eather is usuall% usuall% the the hottest hottest then @in @in that month month Anser# 9ul% is the month hen the eather is usuall% the hottest. (. 1+4 is the %ear. %ear. The The revolutio revolutionn too- place then then @in @in that %ear %ear Anser# 1+4 is the %ear hen the revolution too- place. Execise 1+. !sin$ *HERE and *HE> in adjective clauses. Directions: Combine the sentences b% usin$ either where or when to introduce an adjective clause. 1. That That is the plan plane. e. The The acciden accidentt occurred occurred ther theree Anser# That is the pane here the accident occurred. 2. There There as as a time. time. =ovi =ovies es cost cost a dime dime then. then. Anser# There as a time hen movies cost a time. 3. A ca'e is a small small restaurant. restaurant. People People can can $et a li$ht meal there. there. Anser# A ca'B here people can $et a li$ht meal is a small restaurant. (. Ever% nei$hb nei$hborhoo orhoodd in russels russels has smell smell ca'es. ca'es. Costumers Costumers drindrin- co''ee co''ee and eat pastries there.
Anser# Ever% nei$hborhood in russels has smell ca'es here costumers drin- co''ee and eat pastries. ). There as a time. time. 6inosau 6inosaurs rs domin dominated ated the the earth earth then. then. Anser# There as a tine hen dinosaurs dominated the earth. +. The house house as destro% destro%ed ed in an earth;uaearth;ua-ee ten %eas a$o. a$o. " as born born and $re $re up there. Anser# The house here " as born and $re up as destro%ed in an earthua-e ten %ears a$o. ,. &ummer &ummer is the the time o' o' the %ear. %ear. The eather eather is is the hottes hottestt then. then. Anser# &ummer is the time o' the %ear hen the eather is hottest. . The miser miser hid hid his mone% mone% in in a place."t place."t as as sa'e 'rom 'rom robbers robbers there. Anser# Te miser miser hid his mone% in a place here it as sa'e 'rom 'r om robbers. . There came a time. The miser had to to spend spend his his mone% mone% then. then. Anser# There came a ime hen the miser had to spend his mone%. 14. His ne shirt didn5t 'it/ so 6an too- it bac- to the store. He5d bou$ht bou$ht it there. Anser# His ne shirt didn5t 'it/ so 6an too- it bac- to the store here he5d bou$ht it
Exercise 1. !sin$ adjective clauses to modi'% pronouns. Directions: Complete the sentences ith adjective clauses. 1. As- 9ac-. 9ac-. He5s He5s the onl% onl% one one ho -nos -nos the anser anser.. 2. " have a ;uestion. ;uestion. There is somethi somethin$ n$ " can5t can5t understa understand. nd. 3. He can5t can5t trust trust an%one. an%one. There5 There5ss no no one one he can can trust. trust. (. "5m poerles poerlesss to help help her. her. There5 There5ss nothin$ nothin$ " can do. do. ). " -no -no som someon eonee ho ho sits sits over over there. there. +. &usan ma-es a ood 'irst 'irst impress impression. ion. &he &he charms charms ever%on ever%onee she meets. meets. ,. *hat as =rs. =rs. *oo *oodd tal-in$ tal-in$ about7 about7 " din5t understa understand nd an%thin$ an%thin$ she said. said. . " listen listen to to ever% ever%thi thin$ n$ %our %our moth mother er sa%s. sa%s. . ou ou can believe believe him. him. Ever%thin$ Ever%thin$ he sa%s sa%s is true. 14. All o' the students are seated. The teacher is the onl% one ho is standin$. 11. The test e too- %esterda% as easier than the one e too- last month. 12. The courses courses "5m ta-in$ this term are more di''icult di''icult than the ones " too- last term. 13. 13. The The conc concer ertt had had alrea alread% d% be$u be$un. n. Thos Thosee ho ho came came late late had had to ait ait unti untill intermission to be seated. 1(. The class as divided divided in hal'. Those hose hose names be$an ith letters letters in the 'irst 'irst hal' hal' o' the alphabet alphabet ere ere assi$n assi$ned ed to sectio sectionn A. Those Those hose hose names names started ith letters in the last hal' o' the alphabet ere assi$ned to section . Anser#
Exercise 21. Punctuatin$ adjective clauses. Directions: Add commas here necessar%. Chan$e the adjective clause pronoun to that i' possible. 1. Alan and 9ac-ie/ 9ac-ie/ ho ho did not come come to class %esterda% %esterda%// explained explained their their absence absence to the teacher. @Dho cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. 2. The studen students ts ho did not come come to class class %esterd %esterda% a% explain explained ed their absenc absencee to the teacher. @no commas/ Dho can be chan$ed to Dthat. 3. nl% people people ho ho speaspea- Russian Russian should should appl% appl% 'or the job. job. Anser# >o commas/ Dho can be chan$ed to Dthat. (. =atthe =atthe ho ho spea-s spea-s Russi Russian an applied applied 'or 'or the job. job. Anser# =atthe/ ho spea-s Russian/ applied 'or the job. F Dho cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. ). The rice rice hich hich had had 'ordinne 'ordinnerr last ni$ht as ver% ver% $ood. $ood. Anser# >o commas/ Dhich can be chan$ed to Dthat. +. Rice Rice hich is $ron $ron in man% man% countri countries es is a staple staple 'ood 'ood throu$h throu$hout out much much o' the orld. Anser# Rice/ hich is $ron in man% countries/ is a staple 'ood throu$hout much o' the orld. F Dhich cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. ,. The The nes nespa pape perr arti article cle as abou aboutt a man ho died died to %ears %ears a$o o' a rare rare tropical disease. Anser# >o commas/ F Dho can be chan$ed to Dthat. . Paul 50rad% 50rad% ho died died to to %ears %ears a$o as as a -ind -ind and and lovin$ lovin$ man. man. Anser# Paul 50rad%/ ho died to %ears a$o/ as a -ind and lovin$ man. F Dho cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. . " have 'ond 'ond memories memories o' m% hometo hometon n hich hich is situated situated in a valle% valle%.. Anser# " have 'ond memories o' m% hometon/ hich is situated in a valle%. F Dhich cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. 14. " live in a ton hich is situated in a valle%. valle%. Anser# >o commas/ Dhich can be chan$ed to Dthat. 11. 11. The =ississi =ississippi ppi River River hich hich 'los 'los south south 'rom 'rom =innes =innesota ota to the 0ul' o' =exico is the major commercial river in the !nited &tates. GAnser# The =ississippi River/ hich 'los south 'rom =innesota to the 0ul' o' =exico/ is the major commercial river in the !nited &tates. F Dhich cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. 12. A river river hich is polluted is not sae 'or simmin$. simmin$. Anser# >o commas/ Dhich can be chan$ed to Dthat. 13. =r. =r. ron hose hose son on the spelli spellin$ n$ contest contest is ver% proud o' his son5s son5s achievement. The man hose dau$hter on the science contest is also ver% pleased and proud.
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Anser# =r. ron/ hose son on the spellin$ contest/ is ver% proud o' his son5s achievement. F Dhose cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. @second sentence no commas. 1(. 1(. 0oat 0oatss hich hich ere 'irst 'irst tame tamedd mo more re than than /44 /4444 %ears %ears a$o a$o in Asia Asia have have provided people ith mil-/ meat/ and ool ool since prehistoric times. Anser# 0oats/ hich ere 'irst tamed more than /444 %ears a$o in Asia/ have provided people ith mil-/ meat/ and ool since prehistoric times. Dhich cannot be chan$ed to Dthat. 1). =rs. Clar- has to $oats. $oats. &he5s 'urious 'urious at the $oat hich $ot on the ron$ side o' the 'ence and is eain$ her 'loers. Anser# >o commas/ Dhich can be chan$ed to Dthat. Exercise 22. Punctuatin$ adjective clauses. Directions: Circle the correct explanation @a. or b. o' the meanin$ o' each sentence. 1. The teacher teacher than-ed than-ed the students students// ho had $iven $iven her her some some 'loers. 'loers. a. The The 'loers 'loers ere ere 'rom 'rom onl% onl% some some o' the the stude students nts b. The loers ere 'rom all o' the students. Anser# 2. The teacher teacher than-ed than-ed the students students ho had had $iven $iven her some some 'loers. 'loers. a. The The 'loers 'loers ere ere 'rom 'rom onl% onl% some some o' the the chodr chodren. en. b. The 'loers ere rom all o the students. Anser# A 3. There There as a terrible terrible 'lood. 'lood. The The villa$er villa$erss ho had receive receivedd a arnin arnin$$ o' the impendin$ 'lood escaped to sa'et%. a. nl% some o the villa$ers villa$ers had had been arnedI arnedI onl% onl% some some escaped. escaped. b. All o the villa$ers had been arnedI all escaped. Anser# A (. There There as a terrible terrible 'lood. 'lood. The villa villa$er $ers/ s/ ho had recei received ved a arnin$ arnin$ o' the impendin$ 'lood/ escaped to sa'et%. a. nl% some o' the the villa$ers villa$ers had been been arnedI arnedI onl% some escaped. escaped. b. All o' the villa$ers had been arnedI all escaped. Anser# ). Robe Robert rtoo reach reached ed don don and ic-ed ic-ed up the $ramma $rammarr booboo-// hic hichh as as l%in l%in$$ upside don on the 'loor. a. There There as as onl% onl% one one $ramm $rammar ar booboo- near near Robert Roberto. o. b. There as more than one $rammar boo- near Roberto. Anser# A +. Robe Robert rtoo reach reached ed don and pic-e pic-edd up the $ramma $rammarr booboo- hich hich as l%in l%in$$ upsode don on the 'loor. a. There There as as onl% onl% one one $ramm $rammar ar booboo- near near Robert Robertoo
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b. There as more than one $rammar boo- near Roberto. Anser# Discuss the differences in meaning in the following following pairs of sentences.
,. He reached reached in the the bas-et bas-et and thre aa% aa% the the apples apples that ere ere rotten. rotten. Anser# nl% some apples ere rotten. . He reached reached in the the bas-et bas-et and thre aa% aa% the the apples/ apples/ hich hich ere rotten. rotten. Anser# All the apples ere rotten. . The students students ho had had done ell ell on the the test ere ere excused excused 'rom class class earl% earl%.. Anser# nl% some students ere excused. 14. The students/ ho had done ell on the test/ ere excused 'rom class earl%. earl%. Anser# All the students ere excused. 11. Cind Cind%% as as deli deli$h $hte tedd hen hen she she open opened ed the the pres presen entt that that as as 'rom 'rom hr $randmother. Anser# Cind% $ot one present. 12. 12. Cind Cind%% as as deli deli$h $hte tedd hen hen she she open opened ed the the pres presen entt that that as as 'rom 'rom her her $randmother. Anser# Cind% $ot several presents. 13. 13. The The teach teacher er poin pointed ted the maps maps that that ere ere han$ han$in in$$ on the rear rear all all o' the the classroom. Anser# There ere other maps in the room/ han$in$ on other alls. 1(. The teacher teacher pointed pointed the maps/ maps/ hich ere han$in han$in$$ on the rear all all o' the classroom. Anser# The% ere the onl% maps in the room. Exercise 23. Punctuatin$ adjective clauses. necessar%. Directions: Add commas here necessar%. 1. *e enjo%ed enjo%ed the cit% here e e spent spent our our vacation. vacation. Anser# no chan$e 2. *e enjo%ed enjo%ed =exico =exico Cit% Cit% here here e spent spent our vacation. vacation. Anser# *e enjo%ed enjo%ed =exico Cit%/ Cit%/ here e spent our vacation. 3. An elephant elephant hich is is the earth5s earth5s lar$es lar$estt land mammal mammal has 'e natural natural enemies enemies other than human bein$s. (. Ans Anser# er# An elepha elephant nt// hic hichh is the eart earth5 h5ss lar$ lar$es estt land land mammal mammal// has has 'e natural enemies other than human bein$s. Anser# no chan$e ). At the the bota botani nica call $ard $arden ens/ s/ %ou can can see see a Jenus5 nus5ssK'l% K'l%tr trap ap hic hichh is an insectivorous plant. Anser# At the botanical $ardens/ %ou can see a Jenus5sK'l%trap/ hich is an insectivorous plant. +. "n Je Jene
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,. ne o' the most most use'ul use'ul materia materials ls in the orld orld is $lass hich hich is made made chie'l% chie'l% 'rom sand/ soda/ and lime. Anser# ne o' the most use'ul materials in the orld is $lass/ hich is made chie'l% 'rom sand/ soda/ and lime. . 0lacier 0lacierss hich are are masses masses o' ice that 'lo 'lo slol% slol% over over land 'orm 'orm in the cold polar re$ions and in hi$h mountains. mountains. Anser# 0laciers/ hich are masses o' ice that 'lo slol% over land/ 'orm in the cold polar re$ions re $ions and in hi$h mountains. . A rebel is is a person person ho ho resists resists 'i$hts 'i$hts a$ainst a$ainst author authorit% it%.. Anser# no chan$e 14. 14. Petr Petrol oleu eum m hic hichh some some peop people le re'er re'er to as blac blac-- $old $old is one one o' the the mo most st valuable resources in the orld toda%. Anser# Petroleum/ hich some people re'er to as blac- $old/ is one o' the most valuable resources in the orld toda%. 11. ou ou don5t need to ta-e heav% clothes hen %ou $o to an$-o- hich has has one o' the hi$hest avera$e temperatures o' an% cit% in the orld. Anser# Anser# o ou don5t need to ta-e heav% clothes clothes hen %ou $o to an$-o-/ an$-o-/ hich has one o' the hi$hest avera$e temperatures o' an% cit% in the orld. 12. A politica politicall part% part% is an or$aniational an-. The man ho as earin$ a plaid shirt and blue jeans as cau$ht shortl% a'ter he had le't the ban-. Anser# Accordin$ to a nespaper article hich " read/ the police arrested the man ho had robbed the :irst >ational an-. The man/ ho as earin$ a plaid shirt and blue jeans/ as cau$ht shortl% shortl% a'ter he had le't the ban-. 1+. " atched a scientist conduct conduct an experiment experiment on bees. The research research scientist scientist ho as ell protected be'ore she stepped into the special chamber holdin$
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the bees as not stun$. A person ho as unprotectedb% the special clothin$ could have $otten 344 to (44 bee stin$s ithin a minute. Anser# " atched a scientist conduct an experiment on bees. The research scientist ho as ell protected be'ore she stepped into the special chamber holdin$ the bees as not stun$. A person ho as unprotectedb% the special clothin$/ could have $otten 344 to (44 bee stin$s ithin a minute. Exercise 2(. !sin$ expressions o' ;uantit% in adjective clauses. Direcions: Combine the to senences. !se the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. The cit% has has sixteen sixteen schools schools.. To To o' o' them are junior junior colle$es colle$es.. 8 The cit% has sixteen schools/ to o' hich are junior colle$es. 2. Las Last ni$ ni$ht the the orch rchestr estraa pla% pla%ed ed thre threee s%m s%mphon phonie iess. ne o' them them as as eethoven5s &eventh. Anser# Last ni$ht the orchestra pla%ed three s%mphonies/ one o' hich as eethoven5s &eventh. 3. " tried on six six pairs pairs o' o' shoes. shoes. " li-ed none o' them. them. Anser# " tried on six pairs o' shoes/ none o' hich " li-ed. (. The villa$e villa$e has has around around 244 244 people. people. The majorit% majorit% o' them are 'armers. 'armers. Ans Anser# er# The The vill villa$ a$ee has has arou around nd 244 244 peop people le// the the majo majori rit% t% o' hom hom are are 'armers. ). That compan% compan% current currentl% l% has ive ive emplo%ees. emplo%ees. All o' o' them are comput computer er experts. experts. Ans Anser# er# That That comp compan% an% curr curren entl% tl% has has 'ive 'ive empl emplo% o%ees ees// all all o' hom hom are are computer experts. +. A'ter A'ter the riot/ riot/ over one hundr hundred ed people people ere ta-en ta-en to the hospit hospital. al. =an% =an% o' them had been innocent b%standers. Anser# A'ter the riot/ over one hundred people ere ta-en to the hospital/ man% o' hom had been innocent b%standers. Exercise 2). !sin$ expressions o' ;uantit% in adjective clauses. Directions: Complete the sentence. 1. Al introduc introduced ed me to his roommat roommates/ es/ both both o' hom hom are are 'rom Cali'or Cali'ornia. nia. 2. The Paulso Paulsons ns on 'our authomobi authomobiles/ les/ one one o' o' MMMM MMMM Anser# The Paulsons on 'our authomobiles/ one o' hich is a :errari. 3. " have have thre threee broth brothers ers// all all o' MM.. MM.. Anser# " have three brothers/ all o' hom are stud% in the colle$e. (. " am ta-i ta-in$ n$ 'our 'our cours courses/ es/ one o' MMMM MMMMM.. M.. Anser# " am ta-in$ 'or courses/ one o' hich is En$lish. ). " have have to to room roommat mates/ es/ neithe neitherr o' MMMM MMMM
1(
Anser# " have to roomates/ neither o' hom studies in the same colle$e ith me. +. This semester semester " had had to bu% 'i'teen boo-s/ boo-s/ most most o' o' MMMM. MMMM. Anser# this semester " had to bu% 'i'teen boo-s/ most o' hich ere heav%. ,. The compa compan% n% hired hired ten ne ne emplo% emplo%ees/ ees/ some some o' o' MMM. MMM. Anser# The compan% hired ten ne emplo%ees/ some o' hom ere ne $raduated. . "n m% apartme apartment nt buildin$ buildin$// there are are tent% tent% apartments apartments// several several o' MMM MMM Anser# "n m% apartment buildin$/ there are tent% apartments/ several o' hich are still empt%. empt%. Exercise 2+. !sin$ noun N : *H"CH. Combine the to sentences. sentences. !se the second second sentence sentence as an adjective Directions: Combine clause. 1. *e toured a 344K%earKold house. The exterior o' the house consisted o' lo$s cemented ith cla%. 8 We toured a 300-year-old house, the exterior of which consisted of logs cemented with clay. 2.
The% on an ori$inal Picasso paintin$. The value o' the paintin$ is more than a million dollars. Anser# The% on an ori$inal Picasso paintin$/ the value o' hich is more
than a million dollars. 3. " bou$ht a ma$a
Anser# " bou$ht a ma$a
=% countr% is dependent upon its income 'rom co''ee/ the price o' co''ee varies accordin$ to 'luctuations in the orld mar-et. Anser# =% countr% is dependent upon its income 'rom co''ee/ the price o'
hich varies accordin$ to 'luctuations in the orld mar-et. $. The $enetic en$ineers are en$a$ed in si$ni'icant experiments. The results o' the experiments ill be published in the %ournal of "cience. Anser# The $enetic en$ineers are en$a$ed in si$ni'icant experiments/ the results o' hich ill be published in the %ournal of "cience. &. The pro'essor has assi$ned the students a research paper. The purpose o' the research paper is to ac;uaint them ith methods o' scholarl% in;uir%. Anser# The pro'essor has assi$ned the students a research paper/ the purpose o' hich is to ac;uaint them ith methods o' scholarl% in;uir%. in;uir%.
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Exercise 2,. !sin$ *H"CH to modi'% a hole sentence. Directions: !se the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. =ax isn5 isn5tt home home %et. %et. That That orr orries ies me. me. 8 'ax isn(t home yet, which worries me. 2. =% roomma roommate te never never pic-s pic-s up a'ter hersel' hersel'.. This This irritates irritates me. Anser# =% roommate never pic-s up a'ter hersel'/ hich irritates me. 3. =rs. =rs. Ander nderso sonn resp respon onde dedd to m% lett letter er ri$h ri$htt aa% aa%.. " appr apprec eciat iated ed that that ver% ver% much. Ans Anser# er# =rs. =rs. Ander nderso sonn resp respon onde dedd to m% lett letter er ri$h ri$htt aa% aa%// hic hichh " appreciated ver% much. (. There has has been an acciden accidentt on Hi$ha% Hi$ha% ). That That means means "5ll be late to oror- this this mornin$. Anser# There has been an accident on Hi$ha% )/ hich means "5ll be late to or- this mornin$. ). " shut the door door on m% nec-tie. nec-tie. That as reall% reall% stupid stupid o' o' me. Anser# " shut the door on m% nec-tie/ hich as reall% stupid o' me. +. &all% &all% lost lost her job. job. That That asn5t asn5t surpr surprisi isin$. n$. Anser# &all% lost her job/ j ob/ hich asn5t surprisin$. ,. &he usuall% usuall% came to to oror- late. late. That That upset upset her her boss. boss. Anser#&he usuall% came to or- late/ hich upset her boss. . &o her her boss boss 'ired 'ired her. her. That That made made her her an$r%. an$r%. Anser# &o her boss 'ired her/ hich made her an$r%.. an$r%.. . &he hadn5t hadn5t saved an% mone% mone% rom rom me. That as un'ortu un'ortunate. nate. Anser# &he hadn5t saved an% mone% rom me/ hich as un'ortunate. 14. &o she had to borro some some mone% 'rom me. " didn5t li-e that. Anser# &o she had to borro some mone% 'rom me/ hich " didn5t li-e. 11. &he has 'ound a ne job. That is luc-%. luc-%. Anser# &he has 'ound a ne job/ hich is luc-%. 12. &o she has repaid the mone% she she orroed 'rom me. me. " appreciate that. Anser# &o she has repaid the mone% she orroed 'rom me/ hich " appreciate. 13. &he has promised hersel' to be on time time to or- ever% da%. da%. That is a $ood $ood idea. Anser# &he has promised hersel' to be on time to or- ever% da%/ hich is a $ood idea. Exercise 33. Adjective phrases. Directions: Chan$e the adjective clauses to adjective phrases. 1. 6o %ou %ou -no -no the the oman oman ho ho is comin comin$$ toard toard us7 us7 8 6o %ou -no the oman comin$ toard us7 2. The people people ho ho are aitin aitin$$ 'or the the bus in the the rain are are $ettin$ $ettin$ et. Anser# The people aitin$ 'or the bus in the rain are $ettin$ et. 3. " come 'rom 'rom a cit% that that is located located in the the southern southern part part o' the countr% countr%..
1+
(. ). +. ,. .
Anser# " come 'rom a cit% located in the southern part o' the countr%. The children children ho attend attend that that school school receive receive a $ood $ood educat education. ion. Anser# The children attendin$ that school receive a $ood education. The scientist scientist ho ho are researchi researchin$ n$ the causes causes o' cancer cancer are ma-in$ ma-in$ pro$re pro$ress. ss. Anser# The scientist researchin$ the causes o' cancer are ma-in$ pro$ress. The 'ence 'ence hich hich surrou surrounds nds our house house is made made o' ood. ood. Anser# The 'ence surroundin$ our house is made o' ood. The% The% live live in a house house that that as as built built in1 in14. 4. Anser# The% live in a house built in14. *e have an apartme apartment nt hich hich overlo overloo-s o-s the par-. par-. Anser# *e have an apartment overloo-in$ the par-.
Exercise 3(. Adjective phrases. Directions# Chan$e the adjective clauses to adjective phrases. 1. 6r. 6r. &tanton &tanton ho is the preside president nt o' the univers universit% it%// ill $ive $ive a speech speech at the commencement ceremonies. 2. e sure sure to 'ollo 'ollo the the instructio instructions ns that are are $iven $iven at the the top o' o' the pa$e. pa$e. 3. The The rule ruless that that allo allo ing publ public ic acces accesss to ild ilder erne ness ss areas areas need need to be reconsidered. (. The photo$rap photo$raphs hs hich ere ere published published in the the nespaper nespaper ere extraordi extraordinar% nar%.. ). There is is almost almost no end to the problem problemss that 'acin$ 'acin$ a had had o' state. state. +. The The ps%c ps%cho holo lo$i $ist stss ho ho stud stud%% ing the nature o' sleep have made important discoveries. ,. The The expe experi rime ment nt hic hichh as as cond conduc ucte tedd at the the !niv !niver ersi sit% t% o' Chic Chica$ a$ii as as success'ul. . Ouala Lumpu Lumpur/ r/ hich hich is the the capital capital cit% o' =ala%sia/ =ala%sia/ is a major major trade trade center in in &outheast Asia. . Antartica Antartica is covered covered b% a hu$e ice ice cap that contain containin$ in$ ,4 percent percent o' the earth5 earth5ss 'resh ater. 14. *hen " ent to Alex5s Alex5s house to drop o'' some some paperor-/ " met 9err%/ ho is his lon$time partner. 11. ur solar s%stem is in a $alax% that is called the =il-% *a% *a%. 12. To To out o three people ho are struc- b% li$htnin$ survive. 13. &imon &imon oliva olivar/ r/ ho as a $reat $reat &outh &outh America Americann $eneral $eneral// led the 'i$t 'i$t 'or independence earl% in th 1 th centur%. 1(. =an% o' the students ho hopin$ to enter the universit% universit% ill be disappoint disappointed ed because onl% oneKtenth o' those ho appl%in$ 'or admission ill be accepted. 1). There must must esixt in a modern modern communit% communit% a su''icient su''icient number o' persons ho possessin$ the technical s-ill that is re;uired to maintainthe numerous devices upon hich our ph%sical com'orts depend.
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1+. =an% 'amous 'amous people people did not enjo% enjo% immedia immediate te succes successs in their their earl% earl% lives. lives. Abraham Abraham Lincoln/ ho as one o' the trul% $reat presidents o' the !nited !nited &tates/ ran 'or public o''ice 2 times and lost 23 o' the elections. *alt 6isne%/ ho as the creator o' =ic-e% =ouse and the 'ounder o' his on movie production compan%/ one as 'ired b% a nespaper editor because he had no $ood ideas. Thomas Edison/ ho as the inventor o' the li$ht bulb and the phono$raph/ as believed b% his teachers to be too stupid to learn. Albert Einstein/ ho as one o' the $reatest scientist o'' all time/ per'ormed badl% in almost all o' his hi$h school courses and 'ailed his 'irst colle$e entrance exam. Exercise 3). Adjective phrases. Direction# Chan$e the adjective phrases to adjective clauses. 1. *e visited visited arcelon arcelona/ a/ a cit% in norther northernn &pain. &pain. 8 *e visited arcelona/ hich is a cit% in northern &pain. 2. Corn as as one o' the the a$ricultural a$ricultural products products introd introduced uced to the the European European settlers settlers b% the "ndians. &ome o' the other products introduced b% the "ndians ere potatoes/ peanuts/ and tobacco. Anser# Anser# Corn as one o' the a$ricultural a$ricultural products hich ere introduced introduced to the European settlers b% the "ndians. &ome o' the other products hich ere introduced b% the "ndians ere potatoes/ peanuts/ and tobacco. 3. He read The The ld =an =an and the the &ea/ a novel novel ritten ritten b% Ernest Ernest Hemin$ Hemin$a% a%.. Anser# He read The ld =an and the &ea/ hich as a novel ritten b% Ernest Hemin$a%. Hemin$a%. (. =ercur%/ =ercur%/ the nearest nearest planet planet to the the sun/ is also also the the smallest smallest o' the nine nine planets planets orbitin$ the sun. Anser# =ercur%/ hich is the nearest planet to the sun/ is also the smallest o' the nine planets hich orbit the sun. ). The p%rami p%ramids/ ds/ the monumen monumental tal tombs tombs o' ancient ancient E$%ptian E$%ptian pharao pharaohs/ hs/ ere contstructed more than (/444 %ears a$o. Anser# The p%ramids/ hich are the monumental tombs o' ancient E$%ptian pharaohs/ ere contstructed more than (/444 %ears a$o. +. The sloth/ sloth/ a sloKmo sloKmovin vin$$ animal animal 'ound 'ound in the tropical tropical 'orests 'orests o' Central Central and &outh America/ America/ 'eeds entirel% on leaves and 'ruit. ' ruit. Anser# Anser# The sloth/ sloth/ hich hich is a sloKm sloKmovi ovin$ n$ animal animal 'ound in the tropic tropical al 'orests o' Central and &outh America/ 'eeds entirel% on leaves and 'ruit. ,. ToKthir ToKthirds ds o' those those arrested arrested 'or 'or car the't are are under tent% tent% %ears %ears o' a$e. a$e.
1
Anser# ToKthirds o' those ho are arrested 'or car the't are under tent% %ears o' a$e. . &t. Louis/ Louis/ =issouri/ =issouri/ -non -non as DThe DThe 0atea% 0atea% to the *es *est/ t/ traces its histor% histor% to to 1,+3/ hen Pierre Lacl Q de/ de/ a :rench 'ur trader/ selected this site on the =ississippi River as a 'urKtradin$ post. Anser# &t. Louis/ =issouri/ hich is -non as DThe 0atea% to the *est/ traces its histor% to 1,+3/ hen Pierre Lacl Q de/ de/ ho as a :rench 'ur trader/ selected this site on the =ississippi River as a 'urKtradin$ post. . An% student student not not antin$ antin$ to $o $o on the the trip should should in'orm in'orm the the o''ice. o''ice. Anser# An% student ho does not ant to $o on the trip should in'orm the o''ice. 14. " just purchased a volume o' poems ritten ritten b% 6avid Oeller/ Oeller/ a contemporar% contemporar% poet -non 'or his sensitive sensitive interpretations o' human relationships. Anser# " just purchased a volume o' poems hich ere ritten b% 6avid Oell Oeller er// ho ho is a cont contem empo pora rar% r% poet poet ho ho is -no -nonn 'or 'or his his sen sensiti sitive ve interpretations o' human relationships Exercise 3. Error anal%sis# adjective clauses and phrases. Direction# Correct the errors. 1. ne o' o' the peopl peoplee hich hich " admire admire most most is m% uncl uncle. e. Anser# ne o' he people hom " admire most is m% uncle. 2. aseball aseball is the onl% onl% sport sport in in hich hich " am am intereste interestedd in it. it. Anser# aseball is the onl% sport in hich " am interested in it. 3. =% 'avorite 'avorite teacher/ teacher/ =r. =r. Chu/ he he as ala%s ala%s illin$ illin$ to help me a'ter a'ter class. class. Anser# =% 'avorite teacher/ =r. Chu/ he as ala%s illin$ to help me a'ter (. ). +. ,. .
class. "t is important important to to be polite polite to people people ho lives lives in the the same same buildin$. buildin$. Anser# "t is important to be polite to people ho live in the same buildin$. &he lives in a hotel is restrict restricted ed to senior senior citi
the lives o' poor people. . " have some some $ood advice advice 'or an%one an%one ho he he ants to learn a second second lan$ua lan$ua$e. $e.
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Anser# " have some $ood advice 'or an%one ho he ants to learn a second lan$ua$e. 14. =% classroo classroom m is locared locared on the second second 'loor 'loor o' Carver Carver Hall that is a lar$e lar$e bric- buildin$ in the center o' the campus. Anser# =% classroom is located the second 'loor o' Carver Hall/ hich is a lar$e bric- buildin$ in the center o' the campus. 11. A m%th is a stor% stor% expresses tradional belie's. Anser# A m%th is a stor% hich expresses tradional belie's. 12. There is an old le$end tellin$ tellin$ amon$ people people in m% countr% countr% about a man lived in the seventeenth centur% saved a villa$e 'rom destruction. Anser# There is an old le$end hich is told amon$ people in m% countr% about about a man livin$ livin$ in the seventee seventeenth nth centur% centur% ho ho saved saved a villa$ villa$ee 'rom 'rom destruction. 13. An old man as 'ishin$ next next to me on the pier as mutterin$ to himsel'. himsel'. Anser# An old man ho as 'ishin$ next to me on the pier as mutterin$ to himsel'. 1(. *hen " ass a child/ " as ala%s a'raid o' the be$$ars hom hom the% ent 'rom house to house in m% nei$hborhood. Anser# *hen " ass a child/ " as ala%s a'raid o' the be$$ars ho the% ent 'rom house to house in m% nei$hborhood. 1). At the national par-/ there there is a path leads to spectacular ater'all. Anser# Anser# At the nation national al par-/ par-/ there there is a path path hich hich leads leads to a specta spectacul cular ar ater'all. 1+. The road that e too- it throu$h the the 'orest it as narro and steep. Anser# The road e too- it throu$h the 'orest it as narro and steep. 1,. There are ten universities in Thailand/ Thailand/ seven o' them locate in an$-o- is the capital cit%. Anser# Anser# There are ten univer universit sities ies in Thail Thailand and// seven seven o' them them hich hich are located in an$-o-/ the capital cit%. 1. " ould li-e to rite about several several problem hich hich " have 'aced them since " come to !nited &tate. Anser# " ould li-e to rite about several problems hich " have 'aced them since " came to the !nited &tates. 1. There is a small ooden screen separates the bed 'rom the the rest o' the room. Anser# There is a small ooden screen hich separates the bed 'rom the rest o' the room. 24. At the airport/ " as aitin$ aitin$ 'or some relatives relatives hich " had never met them be'ore.
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Anser# At the airport/ " as aitin$ 'or some relatives hom " had never met them be'ore. 21. "t is almost impossible to 'ind to persons ho their opinions opinions are the same. Anser# "t is almost impossible to 'ind to persons hose their opinions are the same. 22. n the all/ all/ there is a color' color'ul ul poster poster hich hich it consis consists ts o' $roup $roup o' %oun$ %oun$ people ho dancin$. Anser# n the all/ there is a color'ul poster hich it consists o' $roup o' %oun$ people ho are dancin$. 23. The sixth member o' our household household is Alex Alex that is m% sister5s son. Anser# The sixth member o' our household is Alex/ ho is m% sister5s son. 2(. e'ore " came here/ " didn5t didn5t have the opportunit% opportunit% to spea- ith people ho En$lish is their native ton$ue. Anser# e'ore " came here/ " didn5t have the opportunit% to spea- ith people hose native ton$ue is En$lish. En$lish.
CHAPTER 1( 0erund and "n'initives/ Part 1 Exercise 1. Previe.
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1. Alice Alice isn5t isn5t intere intereste stedd MM @loo- @loo-MM. MM. 'or 'or a ne job. job. Anser# Alice isn5t interested in loo-in$ 'or a ne job. 2. Henr% Henr% is excite excitedMM dMMM.. M..@lea @leave veMMM MMM.... 'or "ndia "ndia.. Anser# Henr% is excited about leavin$ 'or "ndia. 3. ou are capableM capableMM.@ M.@do doMMM MMM..b ..bett etter er or-. Anser# ou ou are capble o' doin$ better or-. (. " have have no excu excuseM seMMMM MMM@be @beMM MMMMM MMMM.l M.late. ate. Anser# " have no excuse 'or bein$ late. ). "5m accust accustome omedMM dMM@hav @haveMM eMMM.. M.. a bi$ brea-' brea-'ast ast.. Anser# "5m accustomed to havin$ a bi$ brea-'ast. +. The rain prevented prevented usMMM@com usMMM@completeM pleteMMMMthe MMMthe or-. Anser# The rain prevented us 'rom completin$ the or-. ,. :red is ala% ala%ss complaini complainin$MMM n$MMMM..@h M..@haveMM aveMMM. M. a headache. headache. Anser# :red is ala%s complainin$ about havin$ a headache. . "nsteadMM.@ "nsteadMM.@stud% stud%MMM.. MMM..// =ar$areth =ar$areth ent ent to a ball$ame ball$ame ith some some o' her her 'riends. Anser# "nstead o' stud%in$/ =ar$areth ent to a ball$ame ith some o' her 'riends. . Than- %ouMM..@h %ouMM..@helpMM elpMMM.me M.me carr% m% suitcases. suitcases. Anser# Than- %ou 'or helpin$ me carr% m% suitcase. 14. =rs. 0rant insistedMM..@-noMMMthe hole truth. Anser# =rs. 0rant insisted on -noin$ the hole truth. 11. 11. " believeMMM..@be believeMMM..@beMMM.h MMM.honest onest at all times. times. Anser# " believe in bein$ honest at all the time. 12. ou ou should ta-e advanta$eMMM.@liveMMMM.here. Anser# ou ou should ta-e advanta$e o' livin$ here. 13. :atima had a $ood reasonMMM.@$o/ notMMMMMto class %esterda%. %esterda%. Anser# :atima has a $ood reason 'or not $oin$ to class %esterda% 1(. Ever%one Ever%one in the nei$hborh nei$hborhood ood participatedMMM@ participatedMMM@search searchMMM.'o MMM.'orr the lost child. Anser# Anser# Ever%one Ever%one in the nei$hborhood nei$hborhood participated participated in searchin$ searchin$ 'or the lost child. 1). " apolo$i
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1. " stopped the childMMMMMM.@runMMMMMM..into childMMMMMM.@runMMMMMM..into the street. Anser# " stopped the child 'rom runnin$ into the street. 24. *here should e $o 'or dinner toni$ht7 toni$ht7 *ould *ould %ou objectMM @$oMMto an "talian restaurant7 Anser# *here should e $o 'or dinner toni$ht7 *ould %ou object to $oin$ to an "talian restaurant7 21. The ma%or made another public statement statement 'or the purposeMM..@ purposeMM..@clari'% clari'% the ne tax proposal. Ans Anser# er# The The ma%o ma%orr made made anot anothe herr publ public ic stat statem emen entt 'or 'or the the purp purpos osee o' clari'%in$ the ne tax proposal. 22. The thie't as accusedMMM@stealMMMMM.a oman5s oman5s purse. purse. Anser# The thie't as accused o' stealin$ a oman5s purse. 23. The jur% 'ound =r. Adams Adams $uilt%MMM.@ta $uilt%MMM.@ta-e -e mone% 'rom the compan% compan% he or-ed 'or and @-eepMMMMMit 'or himsel'. Anser# The jur% 'ound =r. Adams Adams $uilt% o' ta-in$ mone% 'rom the compan% he or-ed 'or and o' -eepin$ it 'or himsel'. 2(. Larr% isn5t usedMMMMM..@earMMMMMM.a usedMMMMM..@earMMMMMM.a suit and tie ever% da%. da%. Anser# Larr% isn5t used to earin$ a suit and tie ever% da%. 2). 2). "5m $oin $oin$$ to visi visitt m% 'ami 'amil% l% duri durin$ n$ the the scho school ol vaca vacati tion on.. "5m looloo-in in$$ 'orardMMM..@eatMMM m% mother5s coo-in$ and @sleepMMM in m% on bed. Anser# "5m $oin$ to visit m% 'amil% durin$ the school vacation. "5m loo-in$ 'orard to eatin$ m% mother5s coo-in$ and to sleepin$ in m% on bed. Execise 2. !sin$ $erunds as the objects o' prepositions. 6irection# !sin$ the ords in parentheses/ complete the sentences. 1. Oostas Oostas ent ent to bed instead insteadMMM MMMMMM MMMMM@' MM@'ini inish sh Anser# Oostas ent to bed instead o' 'inishin$ his homeor-. 2. " thanthan-ed ed m% m% 'rien 'riendMM dMMMMM MMMMM@ MM@len lend d Anser# " than-ed m% 'riend 'or lendin$ me his mone%. 3. "5m exc excit ited edMM MMMM MMMM MMM. M.@$ @$o o Anser# "5m excited about $oin$ to the music concert. (. "5m not accusto accustomed medMMM MMMMM. MM..@l .@live ive Anser# "5m not accustomed to livin$ alone in this bi$ cit%. ). mar didn5t didn5t 'eel $ood. $ood. He He complai complainedMM nedMMMM@hav MM@have e Anser# mar didn5t 'eel $ood. He complained about havin$ a stomachache. +. " don5t don5t blam blamee %ouMMM %ouMMMMMM MMM..@ ..@an ant/t/ not not Anser# " don5t blame %ou 'or not antin$ to join picnic ith us. ,. " have have a $ood $ood reason reasonMMM MMMMMM MMMM@b M@be e Anser# " have a $ood reason 'or bein$ late to class. . "t5s $ettin$ $ettin$ late. "5m orriedMMMMM orriedMMMMMMM..@m MM..@miss iss Anser# "t5s $ettin$late. "5m orried about missin$ the train.
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. "5m intere intereste stedd MMMMMM MMMMMM..@ ..@'in 'indd out out about about Anser# "5m interested in 'indin$ out about the structure o' plants. 14. "5m thin-in$MM thin-in$MMMMMMMM MMMMMM..@$o ..@$o Anser# "5m thin-in$ about $oin$ to ali ith m% 'riends. 11. 11. " apolo$iothin$ >othin$ can stop meMMMMM.@$o meMMMMM.@$o Anser# >othin$ can stop me 'rom $oin$ to the 'ootball tournament. 1(. "n that that o''ice/ o''ice/ ho is responsibleMMMMM.@ta-e responsibleMMMMM.@ta-e care o' Anser# "n that o''ice/ ho is responsible 'or ta-in$ care o' orderin$ the paper 'or the copier7 1). " loo- 'orardMMMMM. 'orardMMMMM..@$o .@$o Anser# " loo- 'orard to visit m% parents. 1+. The thie' as $uilt%MMMM.@s $uilt%MMMM.@steal teal Anser# The thie' as $uilt% o' stealin$ a car. 1,. &on%a has to jobs. "n additionMMMMM@or- Anser# &on%a has to jobs. "n addition to or-in$ in a ba-er%/ she becomes aitress in a restaurant. 1. Please 'or$ive 'or$ive meMMMMM..@rite/ meMMMMM..@rite/ not Please 'or$ive me 'or not ritin$ sooner. 1. &arah is an honest honest person. &he5s &he5s not capableMMMMM.@tell Anser# &arah is an honest person. &he5s not not capable o' tellin$ a lie. 24. "ll health -eeps m% $rand'atherMMMMM@travel Anser# "ll health -eeps m% $rand'ather 'rom travellin$ lon$ distance. Exercise (. !sin$ $erunds as the objects o' prepositions. 6irect 6irection ions# s# Comple Complete te the 'ollo 'olloin$ in$ usin$ usin$ by N a gerund or gerund phrase to express ho somethin$ is done. 1. Pat turned turned o'' o'' the tape tape recorder recorder b% pushin$ pushin$ the the stop button button 2. *e sho sho peopl peoplee e are happ% happ% b% b% smilli smillin$. n$. 3. *e decided decided ho shoul shouldd $et the last last piece o' o' pie b% 'lippin 'lippin$$ a coin. (. *e sati satis'% s'% our hun$er hun$er b% b% eatin eatin$. $. ). *e ;uen ;uench ch our our thirs thirstt b% drin drin-in -in$. $. +. " 'ound out hat hat D;uench D;uench means means b% loo-in loo-in$$ it up in a diction dictionar% ar%.. ,. Ton% Ton% improved improved his listenin$ listenin$ compreh comprehensio ensionn b% atchin$ atchin$ Holl%ood Holl%ood movies. movies. . Alex cau$ht cau$ht m% attentio attentionn b% sin$in$ sin$in$ a son$ 'or me. me. . The% $ot $ot rid o' the rats rats in the the buildin buildin$$ b% callin$ callin$ the the exterminator exterminator.. 14. =% do$ shos shos me she is happ% b% a$$in$ a$$in$ her tail. 11. He accidentall% electrocuted himsel' himsel' b% touchin$ touchin$ that iron. 12. &ometimes &ometimes teena$ers teena$ers $et into trouble ith their parents b% comin$ home late at ni$ht.
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Exercise ). Jerbs 'olloed b% $erunds. 6irection# Create sentences 'rom the $iven ords/ usin$ an% tense and subject. 1. enjo% N atchTJ atchTJ.. &inta &inta enjo%ed enjo%ed atchin atchin$$ TJ last last ni$ht. ni$ht. 2. mind N open the the mindo mindo.. *o *ould %ou %ou mind openin$ openin$ the the indo7 indo7 3. ;uit ;uit N eat desser desserts. ts. &he &he ;uit ;uit eatin$ eatin$ dess desserts erts.. (. $ive up N eat desserts. desserts. 9ohn 9ohn $ave $ave up eatin$ eatin$ dessert dessert 'or 'or to months. months. ). 'inish N eat dinner dinner.. en en 'inished 'inished eatin$ eatin$ dinner dinner be'ore be'ore me. me. +. $et throu$ throu$hh N eat dinner dinner.. A'ter A'ter >eo $ot $ot throu$h throu$h eatin$ eatin$ dinner dinner// he ran out to pla% ith his 'riends. ,. stop stop N rain. rain. *hen *hen it stops stops rain rainin$ in$// " ill $o $om $ome. e. . avoid N anser anser m% ;uesti ;uestion. on. *h% *h% did %ou %ou avoid anserin$ anserin$ m% ;uestio ;uestion7 n7 . postpone postpone N do do m% or-. or-. " can postpo postpone ne doin$ doin$ m% or- 'or 'or %ou. %ou. 14. put o'' N do m% or-. or-. " have put o'' doin$ m% or- as lon$ as " can. 11. 11. dela% N leave on vacation. vacation. =% 'amil% dela%ed leavin$ leavin$ on vacation because because o' the hurricane. 12. -eep N or-. ou ou must must -eep or-in$ or %ou on5t $et home until late toni$ht. 13. -eep on N or-. " -ept on or-in$ or-in$ hen she as-ed me me to do somethin$. 1(. 1(. cons consid ider er N $et $et a job. job. =% broth brother er mu must st cons consid ider er $ett $ettin in$$ a job job a'ter a'ter he is $raduated. 1). thin- about N $et a job. =% brother brother reall% doesn5t to thin- about $ettin$ $ettin$ a job. 1+. discuss N $o to a movie. movie. *e ill discuss $oin$ to a movie movie in the canteen. 1,. tal- about N $o to a movie. &ue tal- about about $oin$ to a movie ith her bo%'riend bo%'riend 1. mentio mentionn N $o to a concert concert.. =ar- mentio mentioned ned $oin$ $oin$ to a concert concert instead instead o' picnic. 1. su$$est N $o on a picnic. " su$$est su$$est $oin$ on a picnic next next month. 24. enjo% N listen to music. " enjo% listenin$ listenin$ to a music in the mornin$. Exercise +. Jerbs 'olloed b% $erunds. Directions# Complete each sentence ith an% appropriate $erund. 1. *hen eth $ot tired/ tired/ she she stoppe stoppedd or-in$?s or-in$?stud% tud%in$. in$. 2. *ould *ould %ou mind closin$ closin$ the the door7 door7 Than-s. Than-s. 3. The eather eather ill $et $et better soon. soon. *e can leave leave as soon soon as it ;uits ;uits rainin$. rainin$. (. The police police o''icer o''icer told told him him to stop/ stop/ but but the thie' -ept -ept runnin$. runnin$. ). " enjo% enjo% $oin$ $oin$ on on a lon$ lon$ alal- ever% ever% morni mornin$. n$. +. " have a lot lot o' homeorhomeor- toni$h toni$ht/t/ but "5d still li-e li-e to $o ith ith %ou %ou later on. on. "5ll call %ou hen " $et throu$h stud%in$. ,. " ould ould li-e to have some some 'riends 'riends over. over. "5m "5m thin-in thin-in$$ about about havin$ havin$ a dinner dinner part%. . He told a reall% 'unn% jo-e. *e couldn couldn5t 5t stop stop lau$hin$ lau$hin$ . 9ac9ac- almost almost had an automobi automobile le accident accident.. He barel% barel% avoided avoided hittin hittin$$ .anoth .another er car at the intersection o' (th and Elm. 14. *here are %ou %ou considerin$ $oin$ $oin$ 'or vacation7 11. &ometimes " put put o'' doin$ doin$ m% homeor-.
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12. ou have have to decide decide here %ou ant ant to $o to school school next %ear. %ear. ou ou can5t can5t postpone ma-in$ that decision much much lon$er. 13. " anted to $o to =exico. &all% su$$ested su$$ested $oin$ to Haaii. 1(. Ton% Ton% mentioned ta-in$ the bus to school instead o' al-in$. 1). " appreciate bein$ able to stud% in peace and ;uiet.
Exercise . &pecial expressions e xpressions 'olloed b%K">0. Directions# Complete the sentences. 1. *e had had a lot o' 'un 'un pla% pla%in$ in$ $ames $ames at the the picnic picnic.. 2. " have trouble trouble undesr undesrtan tandin din$$ =rs. =axell =axell hen hen she spea-s. spea-s. &he &he tal-s too 3. (. ). +.
'ast. " spent spent 'ive hour hourss doin$ doin$ m% hom homeo eorr- last last n$ht. n$ht. l$a is standi standin$ n$ at at the corner aitin$ aitin$ 'or the bus. bus. Ricard Ricardoo is sitti sittin$ n$ in class class ta-in$ ta-in$ note notes. s. "t as a beauti'u beauti'ull sprin$ sprin$ da%. da%. 6oroth% 6oroth% as l%in$ l%in$ under under a tree listen listenin$ in$ to the
birds sin$. ,. *e asted our mone% mone% $oin$ $oin$ to that movie. movie. "t as as ver% borin$ borin$.. . mar spent spent all all da% $ettin$ $ettin$ .read% .read% to leave on vacation vacation.. . Ted Ted is in indecis indecisive ive person person.. He has a hard time time ma-in$ ma-in$ up his his mind mind about about an%thin$. 14. " ondered hat the children ere doin$ hile " as $one. *hen *hen " $ot home/ " 'ound them atchin$ TJ. TJ. 11. 11. *hen =r. Chan Chan al-ed into the -itchen/ -itchen/ he cau$ht cau$ht the children children eatin$ some cand% eventhou$h he5d told them not to spoil their dinners. 12. =s. 0ra% is a commuter. Ever% Ever% or- da%/ she spends almost to hours $oin$ to and 'rom or-. 13. A# =% 'riend is $oin$ $oin$ to 0erman% 0erman% next month/ but he doesn5t speaspea- 0erman. *hat do %ou suppose he ill have di''icult% doin$7 # *ell/ *ell/ he mi$ht have trouble tal-in$ ith the native spea-er. 1(. A# 6id %ou enjo% %our trip to >e oror- cit%7 cit%7 # Jer% much. *e had a $ood time $oin$ to museums and libert% statue. 1). A# This is %our %our 'irst semester at this school. Have %ou %ou had an% problems7 # >ot reall%/ but sometimes " have a hard time understandin$ the lecturers hen the% spea- too 'ast. 1+. A# *hat did %ou %ou do %esterda%7 %esterda%7 # " spent almost all da% doin$ m% homeor-. Exercise 11. Jerb Jerb N $erund or in'initive. 6irections# !se a $erund or an in'initive to complete each sentence. 1. *e5re *e5re $oin$ $oin$ out 'or 'or dinner. dinner. *ould %ou %ou li-e to join join us7
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2. 9ac9ac- avo avoid ided ed loo loo-i -in$ n$ at at me. me. 3. :red didn5t didn5t have an% an% mone% mone%// so he decided decided to 'ind a job. (. The teacher teacher reminded reminded the student studentss to 'inish 'inish their their assi$nme assi$nments. nts. ). 6o %ou %ou enjo enjo%% pla% pla%in in$$ socce soccer7 r7 +. " as bro-e/ bro-e/ so 9enn% 9enn% o''ered o''ered to to lend me a little little mone% mone%.. ,. =rs. =rs. Alle Allenn promise promisedd to come come tomorr tomorro o.. . =% boss boss expects expects me me to do this oror- as soon as possibl possible. e. . *ould %ou %ou mind mind closin closin$$ the door door 'or me7 me7 14. Eventhou$ Eventhou$hh " as-ed the people in 'ront o' me at the movie to be ;uiet/ the% -ept tal-in$. 11. 11. 9oan 9oan and 6avid ere consid considerin erin$$ $ettin $ettin$$ married married in 9une/ 9une/ but the% 'inall% 'inall% decided to ait until Au$ust. Au$ust. 12. ur teacher encoura$es encoura$es us to use a dictionar% henever henever e are uncertain uncertain o' the spellin$ o' a ord. 13. e'ore " ent aa% to colle$e/ colle$e/ m% mother mother reminded me to rite her a letter at least once a ee-. 1(. =rs. 9ac-son had arned her %oun$ %oun$ son not to touch the the hot stove. 1). " don5t mind mind livin$ livin$ alone. alone. 1+. The teacher seems to be in a $ood mood mood toda%/ toda%/ don5t %ou %ou thin-7 1,. Luc% pretended to -no -no the anser to m% ;uestion. 1. Paulo intends to rite his 'riend a letter. letter. 1. Residents are not alloed to have pets in m% apartment buildin$. buildin$. 24. All applicants are re;uired re;uired to pass an entrance examination. 21. &omeone as-ed me to deliver this pac-a$e. 22. " as as-ed to to mail this pac-a$e. pac-a$e. 23. 9ac- advised advised me to 'ind a ne apartment. apartment. 2(. " as advised to 'ind 'ind a ne apartment. apartment. 2). 9ac- advised advised 'indin$ a ne apartment. apartment. 2+. 9ac- su$$ested su$$ested 'indin$ 'indin$ a ne apartment. apartment. 2,. Ann advised her her sister to ta-e the plane plane instead o' drivin$ to re$on. 2. Ann advised ta-in$ ta-in$ the plane instead o' drivin$ to re$on. re$on. &ource# &ourc e# !nder !nderstand standin$ in$ and !sin !sin$$ En$l En$lish ish 0ramm 0rammarKTh arKThird ird Editi Edition on b% ett% &chramp'er A
