PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MOLASE DALAM BERBAGAI MEDIA PADA JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH ( Pleurotus ostreatus)
Skripsi Untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan Guna memperoleh derajat Sarjana Pertanian di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret
Jurusan/Program Studi Agronomi
Oleh : Susi Steviani H0107087
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2011
i
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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MOLASE DALAM BERBAGAI MEDIA PADA JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH ( Pleurotus ostreatus)
yang dipersiapkan dan disusun oleh Susi Steviani H 0107087 telah dipertahankan di depan Dewan Penguji pada tanggal : Juli 2011 dan dinyatakan telah memenuhi syarat Susunan Tim Penguji
Ketua
Anggota I
Anggota II
Drs. Didik Soeroto, MP NIP. 194911081979031002 194911081979031002
Prof. Dr. Ir. Sulandjari, MS NIP. 195203231985032001 195203231985032001
Dra. Sri Rossati, MSi NIP. 194804261979032001 194804261979032001
Surakarta,
Juli 2011
Mengetahui Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Fakultas Pertanian Dekan
Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Pujiasmanto, MS NIP. 19562251986011001 19562251986011001
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KATA PENGANTAR
Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah memberikan limpahan karunia, nikmat dan kasih sayang-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul “ Pengaruh Penambahan Molase dalam Berbagai Media pada Jamur Tiram Putih ( Pleurotus
ostreatus)”.
Skripsi ini disusun dan diajukan
sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pertanian di Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini tentunya tidak lepas dari bantuan, bimbingan dan dukungan berbagai pihak, sehingga penulis tak lupa mengucapkan terima kasih kepada : 1. Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Pujiasmanto, MS selaku Dekan Fakultas Pertanian UNS. 2. Dr. Ir. Pardono, MS selaku Ketua Jurusan Agronomi FP UNS. 3. Drs. Didik Soeroto, MP. selaku Pembimbing Utama. 4. Prof. Dr. Ir. Sulandjari, MS. selaku Pembimbing Pendamping. 5. Dra. Sri Rossati, MSi selaku Dosen Penguji. 6. Ir. Retno Bandriyati AP., MS selaku Pembimbing Akademik. 7. Keluarga yang saya banggakan : bapak, ibu, adik yang selalu memberikan dukungan baik materi, semangat, dan doa. 8. Teman-teman Agronomi 2007 (canopi) yang luar biasa. 9. Semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam kelancaran penelit ian ini, yang tidak bisa saya sebutkan satu per satu. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih banyak kekurangan dan kesalahan. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik demi kesempurnaan karya ini. Akhirnya penulis berharap, semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat kepada kita semua. Surakarta,
Juli 2011
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL........................................... JUDUL................................................................. ............................................ ............................ ......
i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......... PENGESAHAN................................ ............................................ ............................................. ......................... ..
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................. ......................... ..
iii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ....................................... .................
iv
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ................................ ..........
vi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................. ......................... ..
viii
RINGKASAN .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ....................................... .................
ix
SUMMARY ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ....................................... .................
x
I. PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................. ......................... ..
1
B. Perumusan Masalah ........................................... ................................................................. ....................................... .................
3
C. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................... ................................................................. ........................................... .....................
3
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA A. Morfologi dan Taksonomi Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) .......
5
B. Bahan Media Tanam Jamur Tiram Putih ............................................ .................................................. ......
9
C. Molase .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ....................................... .................
10
D. Hipotesis....................................................................................................
11
III. METODE PENELITIAN A. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian .......................................... ................................................................. ......................... ..
12
B. Bahan dan Alat Penelitian ............................................. ................................................................... ............................ ......
12
C. Cara Kerja Penelitian ............................................ ................................................................... .................................... .............
12
1
Rancangan Penelitian .......................................... ................................................................ ................................ ..........
12
2
Pelaksanaan Penelitian ............................................ .................................................................. ............................ ......
14
3
Variabel Penelitian .......................................... ................................................................. .................................... .............
16
4
Analisis Data ............................................ .................................................................. ........................................... .....................
16
IV. HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
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C. Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur pada Satu Rumpun ........................................ ........................................
23
1. Panen I ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ................................ ..........
23
2. Panen II........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ................................ ..........
25
3. Panen III ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ............................ ......
26
4. Panen IV ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ............................ ......
28
5. Panen V .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ................................ ..........
29
6. Jumlah Total Tubuh Buah Jamur ............................................ ......................................................... .............
31
D. Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur .......................................... ................................................................ ................................ ..........
33
1. Panen I ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ................................ ..........
33
2. Panen II........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ................................ ..........
35
3. Panen III ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ............................ ......
36
4. Panen IV ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ............................ ......
38
5. Panen V .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ................................ ..........
39
6. Berat Total Tubuh Buah Jamur
............................................ ......................................................... .............
41
E. Interval Panen ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................. ......................... ..
43
1. Interval Panen I-II............................................. I-II.................................................................... .................................... .............
43
2. Interval Panen II-III .......................................... ................................................................. .................................... .............
45
3. Interval Panen III-IV ............................................ .................................................................. ................................ ..........
46
4. Interval Panen IV- V ............................................ .................................................................. ................................ ..........
47
5. Total Interval Panen ......................................... ................................................................ .................................... .............
48
V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN A. Kesimpulan ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ............................ ......
50
B. Saran..........................................................................................................
50
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................. ......................... ..
51
LAMPIRAN ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ....................................... .................
53
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DAFTAR TABEL
Nomor
Judul
Halaman
Tabel 1
Kandungan Gizi Jamur Tiram Segar Per 100 Gram ...................... 7
Tabel 2
Hasil Analisis Ragam pada Berbagai Variabel Penelitian ............. 18
Tabel 3
Pengaruh Macam Media dan Pemberian Molase Terhadap Lama Penyebaran Miselium ........................... ................................................. ......................................... ................... 20
Tabel 4
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Saat Munculnya Pin head ...... 21
Tabel 5
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Saat Munculnya Pin head ............................................................... ..................................................................................... .......................... .... 22
Tabel 6
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen I ....................................... ............................................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ 23
Tabel 7
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen I ....................................... ............................................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ 24
Tabel 8
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen II ........................... ................................................. ............................................ ......................................... ................... 25
Tabel 9
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen III............................................ .................................................................. ............................................. ....................... 27
Tabel 10
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen III............................................ .................................................................. ............................................. ....................... 27
Tabel 11
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen IV ........................................ .............................................................. ............................................ .......................... .... 29
Tabel 12
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen V .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .......................... .... 30
Tabel 13
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Jumlah Total Tubuh Buah Jamur.......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 31
Tabel 14
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Jumlah Total Tubuh Buah Jamur.......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 32
Tabel 15
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur
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Tabel 16
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen I (gram) ...................................... ............................................................ ......................................... ................... 34
Tabel 17
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen II (gram) ................................. ....................................................... ............................................. ....................... 35
Tabel 18
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen III (gram) ........................................... .................................................................. .................................. ........... 37
Tabel 19
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen III (gram) ........................................... .................................................................. .................................. ........... 37
Tabel 20
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen IV (gram) ................................... ......................................................... ......................................... ................... 38
Tabel 21
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen V (gram) ............................................ ................................................................... .................................. ........... 40
Tabel 22
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Tubuh Buah Jamur Panen V (gram) ............................................ ................................................................... .................................. ........... 40
Tabel 23
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Berat Total Tubuh Buah Jamur (Kg) ............................. ................................................... ............................................. .................................. ........... 41
Tabel 24
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Berat Total Tubuh Buah Jamur (Kg) ............................. ................................................... ............................................. .................................. ........... 42
Tabel 25
Pengaruh Macam Media Terhadap Interval Panen I – II (hari) ..... 44
Tabel 26
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Interval Panen I – II (hari) .............................................. .................................................................... ............................................ .......................... .... 44
Tabel 27
Pengaruh Pemberian Molase Terhadap Interval Panen II–III (hari) .......................
45
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Judul
Halaman
1
Tabel Hasil Analisis Ragam ............................................ ............................................................. ................. 53
2
Foto-foto Pelaksanaan Penelitian ........................................... ..................................................... .......... 60
3
Foto-foto Hasil Panen .......................................... ................................................................ ............................ ...... 62
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1
I.
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
Jamur merupakan tumbuhan yang tidak berklorofil yang banyak dijumpai di alam. Jamur dapat hidup di tanah maupun pada kayu yang telah lapuk dan biasanya banyak ditemukan pada musim penghujan. Pada saat ini jamur semakin digemari banyak orang sebagai bahan makanan serta obatobatan. Di antara beberapa jamur yang terdapat di alam yang cukup populer adalah jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Disebut jamur tiram atau oyster mushroom karena bentuk tudungnya agak membulat, lonjong dan
melengkung seperti cangkang tiram. Batang atau tangkai jamur ini tidak tepat berada
di
tengah
tetapi
letaknya
agak
lateral
(di
bagian
tepi)
(Cahyana et al., 1999). Jamur tiram adalah jenis jamur kayu yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis jamur kayu lainnya. Jamur tiram mengandung protein, lemak, fosfor, besi, thiamin, dan riboflavin lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis jamur lain. Jamur tiram mengandung 18 macam asam amino yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh manusia dan tidak mengandung kolesterol (Djarijah dan Djarijah, 2001). Selain itu jamur tiram juga mempunyai kemampuan sebagai tanaman obat, di antaranya mengandung retene, yaitu substrat yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tumor (Buswell
dan Chang, 1993). Ekstrak jamur tiram putih mempunyai kemampuan
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2
dan sisa kertas. Namun sejauh ini, para pengusaha dan petani jamur lebih suka menggunakan media tanam dari serbuk kayu (gergajian) karena bahan baku tersebut mudah didapatkan dan harganya relatif murah (Soenanto, 2000). Serbuk kayu digunakan sebagai tempat tumbuh jamur karena mengandung serat organik (selulosa, serat dan lignin). Kandungan tersebut dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan jamur. Kayu yang sering digunakan adalah kayu sengon ( Albasia falcata) namun, kayu akasia ( Acacia confusa) dan kayu glugu (Cocos nucifera) juga baik untuk dijadikan bahan media tumbuh jamur tiram. Menurut Suriawiria (2000) pemilihan kayu sengon dikarenakan kayu tersebut mempunyai serat yang kasar, mudah lapuk, dan mempunyai kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi sehingga baik untuk digunakan sebagai media tanam jamur tiram. Adapun kayu akasia dan glugu dipakai sebagai media tanam jamur tiram karena kayu tersebut termasuk jenis kayu yang berumur lebih dari 10 tahun dan bukan jenis kayu yang mengandung minyak, sehingga juga
berpotensi
untuk
dijadikan
bahan
media
jamur
tiram
(Djarijah dan Djarijah, 2001). Pertumbuhan jamur juga dipengaruhi oleh macam nutrisi yang diberikan, di antaranya adalah penambahan vitamin B-kompleks dalam bentuk bekatul, mikroelemen (misalnya Fe dan Mg) dalam bentuk molase (Suriawiria, 2000) yang dicampur dengan bahan baku media tanam yang lain. Molase (black strap) merupakan limbah cair yang berasal dari sisa-sisa pengolahan tebu menjadi gula. Molase ternyata memiliki memil iki kandungan zat yang berguna. Zat-zat tersebut ters ebut antara lain kalsium, magnesium, potasium, dan besi.
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3
periode panen (Pamungkas, 2000). Adanya senyawa gula yang terkandung dalam molase, maka diharapkan molase dapat menyediakan energi yang dibutuhkan untuk metabolisme di dalam sel. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Sumiati dan Herbagiandono cit. Putranti (2003) yang menambahkan gula pasir 5% yang ternyata sangat nyata dalam meningkatkan bobot segar jamur. Selain itu menurut penelitian Dewi (2009) pemberian blotong 0,04 kg yang samasama
merupakan
limbah
pabrik
gula
seperti
halnya
molase
dapat
meningkatkan produktivitas jamur tiram putih. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Putranti (2003), pemberian molase dan dedak berpengaruh terhadap saat munculnya miselium, panjang penyebaran miselium, saat munculnya badan buah dan jumlah badan buah. Penambahan molase 68 cc/l dan 136 cc/l mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih baik dari pada penambahan molase 204 cc/l pada keseluruhan media. Selain itu, hasil komunikasi pribadi pada beberapa petani jamur yang telah menggunakan molase, mereka memperlakukan pada setiap 100 kg media ditambahkan molase sebanyak satu liter. B. Perumusan Masalah
Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka dalam penelitian ini dapat dirumuskan beberapa masalah yaitu : 1. Media tanam apakah yang paling efektif untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih ? 2. Berapakah konsentrasi molase yang paling efektif untuk pertumbuhan dan
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4
2. Mendapatkan konsentrasi molase yang paling efektif untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih. 3. Mendapatkan kombinasi antara macam media tanam dan pemberian molase yang paling efektif untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih.
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5
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA A. Morfologi dan Taksonomi Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Jamur tiram putih merupakan salah satu jenis jamur kayu. Biasanya orang menyebut jamur tiram sebagai jamur kayu karena jamur ini banyak tumbuh pada media kayu yang sudah lapuk (Cahyana et al., 1999). Klasifikasi jamur tiram putih menurut Becker (1968) adalah sebagai berikut: Divisio
: Thallophyta
Sub divisio : Fungi Klasis
: Basidiomycetes
Ordo
: Agaricales
Familia
: Agaricaceae
Genus
: Pleurotus
Spesies
: Pleurotus ostreatus
Jamur tiram dalam bahasa Yunani disebut Pleurotus, artinya “bentuk samping atau posisi menyamping antara tangkai dengan tudung”, sedangkan
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6
yang
berdekatan
dengan
tangkai,
bau
dan
rasa
tidak
merangsang
(Gunawan, 2004). Jamur tiram (Pleurotus spp.) merupakan salah satu dari jamur edibel komersial, bernilai ekonomi potensial dan prospektif sebagai sumber pendapatan petani. Jamur tiram mempunyai khasiat untuk kesehatan manusia sebagai protein nabati yang tidak mengandung kolesterol sehingga dapat mencegah timbulnya penyakit darah tinggi, jantung serta untuk mengurangi berat badan dan diabetes (Suriawiria, 2000 cit. Djuariah, 2007). Hasil penelitian dan riset Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), jamur tiram memenuhi standar gizi sebagai makanan yang layak untuk dikonsumsi, enak dimakan, tidak beracun, dan memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Jamur tiram sebagaimana jamur edible lainnya memiliki berbagai manfaat, di antaranya sebagai bahan sayuran, bahan olahan dan berkhasiat sebagai obat yang dapat mencegah anemia, memperbaiki gangguan pencernaan dan membantu mengatasi masalah kekurangan gizi (Soenanto, 2000). Menurut Djarijah dan Djarijah (2001), jamur tiram memiliki sifat menetralkan racun dan zat-zat radio aktif dalam tanah, sedangkan khasiat jamur tiram untuk kesehatan adalah
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7
Jumlah protein yang terdapat pada jamur sebanyak dua kali lipat protein yang terdapat pada asparagus, kol dan kentang (Genders, 1986). Menurut Soenanto (2000), kandungan gizi jamur tiram dapat dilihat pada tabel berikut : Tabel 1. Kandungan Gizi Jamur Tiram Segar Per 100 Gram Kandungan Gram Protein Serat Lemak Abu Karbohidrat Kalori Kalsium Zat Besi Fosfor Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin C Niacin Sumber : FAO 1992
13.8 3.5 1.41 3.6 61.7 0.41 32.9 4.1 0.31 0.12 0.64 5 7.8
Jamur tiram termasuk tanaman heterotropik yang hidupnya tergantung
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8
bundar atau lonjong dan dikenal dengan stadia kepala jarum ( pinhead ) atau primordia. Simpul ini akan membesar dan disebut stadia kancing kecil (small button). Selanjutnya stadia kancing kecil akan terus membesar mencapai stadia
kancing (button) dan stadia telur (egg). Pada stadia ini tangkai dan tudung yang tadinya tertutup selubung universal mulai membesar. Selubung tercabik, kemudian diikuti stadia perpanjangan ( elongation). Cawan (volva) pada stadia ini terpisah dengan tudung ( pileus) karena perpanjangan tangkai (stalk ). ). Stadia terakhir adalah stadia dewasa (tubuh buah) (Sinaga, 2000). Syarat pertumbuhan, secara alami, jamur tiram ditemukan di hutan di bawah pohon berdaun lebar atau di bawah tanaman berkayu. Jamur tiram tidak memerlukan cahaya matahari yang banyak, di tempat terlindung miselium jamur akan tumbuh lebih cepat daripada di tempat yang terang dengan cahaya ca haya matahari berlimpah, kelembaban ruangan optimal 80 – 90% yang harus dipertahankan dengan menyemprotkan air secara teratur, suhu udara untuk o
pertumbuhan miselium adalah 25 – 30 C dan untuk pertumbuhan tubuh buah o
adalah 18 – 20 C. Miselium jamur tumbuh optimal dalam keadaan gelap dan kondisi asam (pH 5,5 – 6,5). Tetapi, kondisi lingkungan atau substrat tempat
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9
B. Bahan Media Tanam Jamur Tiram Putih
Substrat atau media adalah faktor utama bagi kehidupan jamur. Jamur akan hidup subur pada bahan-bahan yang melapuk atau terdekomposisi. Bahan organik yang mengandung selulosa dan lignin dalam jumlah besar akan mendukung pertumbuhan miselium dan perkembangan tubuh buah (Chang, 1978). Kayu atau serbuk kayu yang digunakan sebagai tempat tumbuh jamur menurut Parlindungan (2000) mengandung karbohidrat, serat, lignin, selulosa, dan hemiselulosa. Zat yang terkandung dalam kayu tersebut ada yang berguna dan membantu pertumbuhan jamur, tetapi adapula yang menghambat. Kandungan yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan jamur tiram adalah karbohidrat, lignin dan serat, sedangkan faktor yang menghambat adalah getah
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10
Bahan serbuk kayu sebaiknya kering, jika belum kering sebaiknya dijemur terlebih dahulu untuk mempercepat proses pelapukan. Semua serbuk kayu dari batang pohon yang berbuah dan berdaun lebar dapat menjadi bahan tanam jamur. Serbuk kayu sengon ( Albasia falcata) sangat baik untuk media tanam jamur karena mudah lapuk (Untung et al., 2000). Media yang dibuat dari campuran beberapa bahan perlu diatur kadar air serta pH-nya. Kadar air media diatur hingga 50 – 65% dengan menambahkan air bersih. Air perlu ditambahkan sebagai bahan pengencer agar miselium jamur dapat tumbuh dan menyerap makanan dari media/substrat dengan baik. Apabila air yang ditambahkan kurang maka penyerapan makanan oleh jamur menjadi kurang optimal sehingga jamur menjadi kurus. Bahkan hal ini dapat
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11
Pada saat ini telah banyak dilakukan pemanfaatan molase sebagai pupuk dan campuran pakan ternak, akan tetapi bukan berarti bahwa molase yang di dalamnya terdapat kandungan zat organik dapat bebas dibuang ke lingkungan. Molase merupakan cairan kental (seperti pasta) yang berwarna cokelat gelap dan masih mengandung sejumlah bahan organik seperti gula, karbohidrat, asam organik, senyawa nitrogen sebagai protein dan unsur abu (Ratningsih, 2008). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Putranti (2003), pemberian molase molas e dan dedak berpengaruh terhadap saat munculnya miselium, misel ium, panjang penyebaran miselium, saat munculnya badan buah dan jumlah badan buah. Penambahan molase 68 cc/l dan 136 cc/l mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih baik dari pada penambahan molase 204 cc/l pada keseluruhan media.
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12
III. METODE PENELITIAN A. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari – Mei 2011 di Balai Jamur Sembung Wetan, Bekonang, Mojolaban, Sukoharjo. B. Bahan dan Alat Penelitian
1. Bahan Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah benih jamur tiram F3, serbuk gergaji (kayu sengon, akasia dan glugu), bekatul, kapur atau dolomit, molase serta air bersih sebagai bahan untuk media tanam jamur atau baglog. Adapun bahan lai yang digunakan adalah spirtus dan
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13
S2
: Serbuk gergaji kayu kelapa/glugu ( Cocos nucifera) + bekatul + kapur
S3
Acacia confusa) + bekatul + kapur : Serbuk gergaji kayu akasia ( Acacia
b. Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi molase dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi, yaitu: M1 : Kontrol (tanpa pemberian molase) M2 : Pemberian molase 5 ml/baglog M3 : Pemberian molase 10 ml/baglog M4 : Pemberian molase 15 ml/baglog M5 : Pemberian molase 20 ml/baglog
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14
S3M2
: Serbuk gergaji kayu akasia dengan pemberian molase 5 ml/ baglog
S3M3
: Serbuk gergaji kayu akasia dengan pemberian molase 10 ml/ baglog
SM
: Serbuk gergaji kayu akasia dengan pemberian molase
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15
c. Inokulasi Inokulasi adalah kegiatan memasukkan benih jamur F 3 ke dalam baglog. Inokulasi dilakukan dengan cara menaburkan benih jamur langsung ke dalam baglog, dimana proses ini harus dilakukan dalam keadaan aseptik (steril).
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optimal yaitu tubuh buah jamur yang masih membentuk tiram. Panen dilakukan 3 – 4 hari terhitung sejak pembentukan pin head . Panen jamur tiram dilakukan secara manual dengan cara mencabut jamur dan akarnya. Akar jamur yang tidak tercabut akan membusuk dan mengganggu pertumbuhan calon jamur yang akan
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4. Analisis Data Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam berdasarkan uji F taraf 1% dan 5% dan apabila terdapat beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT taraf 5%.
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IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
Variabel pertumbuhan merupakan indikasi kemampuan tanaman dalam tumbuh dan berkembang baik secara vegetatif maupun generatif, serta kemampuan mendistribusikan sari-sari makanan ke bagian-bagian tubuh tanaman
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