RAN
Green BTS Description
Issue
01
Date
2009-03-30
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Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
"#$ %reen &T' (escription
#)out This (ocu*ent
About This Document Author Prepared )y Edited by Reviewed by Translated by Tested by Approved by
ssue 01 2009-03-304
Cheng +iaoli Cheng +iaoli !iu e +u +uhua u +ian)in Tong #runa Hu engiang (uan hongyi
(ate Date Date Date Date Date
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
2009-02-1, 2009-02-1, 2009-02-20 2009-02-2/ 2009-02-20 2009-03-30
3
"#$ %reen &T' (escription
Contents
Contents 1 Change History..........................................................................1-2 2 Green BTS Introduction..............................................................2-2 3 nergy !ciency Im"ro#ement...................................................3-2 3.1 56er6iew........................................................................................................................................................3-2 3.2 7nergy 7fficiency *pro6e*ent #lgorith*...................................................................................................3-2 3.2.1 5ffset 8oltage #dust*ent....................................................................................................................3-2 3.2.2 Co*)ination of 7nergy 7fficiency *pro6e*ent and (yna*ic Cell 'hutdown..................................3-2 $ Dynamic Ce%% Shutdo&n A%gorithm...............................................$-2 :.1 ntroduction to the #lgorith*.........................................................................................................................:-2 :.2 Procedure of (yna*ic Cell 'hutdown...........................................................................................................:-2 :.3 Conditions for 5pening ;p a Cell..................................................................................................................:-2 ' Green BTS (arameters...............................................................'-2 ,.1 (escription.....................................................................................................................................................,-2 ,.2 8alues and "anges......................................................................................................................................... .,-2 ) *e+erence Documents................................................................)-2
ssue 01 2009-03-304
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
,
"#$ %reen &T' (escription
1 Change History
1
Change History
The change history pro6ides infor*ation on the changes in different docu*ent 6ersions.
Document and (roduct ,ersions (ocu*ent 8ersion 01 2009-03-304 (raft 2009-03-104 (raft 2009-01-1,4
"#$ 8ersion 11.0 11.0 11.0
This docu*ent is )ased on the &'C
>eature change= refers to the change in the green &T' feature. 7ditorial change= refers to the change in the infor*ation that was inappropriately descri)ed or the addition of the infor*ation that was not descri)ed in the earlier 6ersion.
1 2/-3-30 This is the docu*ent for the first co**ercial release of "#$11.0. Co*pared with issue draft 2009-03-104 of "#$11.0 this issue opti*i?es the description.
Dra+t 2/-3-10 This is the second draft of the docu*ent for "#$11.0. Co*pared with issue draft 2009-01-1,4 of "#$11.0 draft 2009-03-104 incorporates the following changes= Change Type
Change (escription
Para*eter Change
>eature change
$one.
$one.
7ditorial change
The dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* is *o6ed fro* the Load Control Parameter
$one.
ssue 01 2009-03-304
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
1
"#$ %reen &T' (escription Change Type
1 Change History
Change (escription
Para*eter Change
Description to this docu*ent.
The description is opti*i?ed.
Dra+t 2/-1-1'0 This is the initial draft of the docu*ent for "#$11.0. This is a new docu*ent.
ssue 01 2009-03-304
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
3
"#$ %reen &T' (escription
2 %reen &T' ntroduction
2
Green BTS Introduction
ith the fast growth of the teleco* industry and the continuous e@pansion of networAs the networA euip*ent is in increasing de*and for energy such as electric power. n this respect the teleco* industry is confronted with great financial )urdens. Beanwhile the o6eruse of energy )rings a)out the rapid deterioration of en6iron*ent. The current status of the world en6iron*ent also raises high reuire*ents for the teleco* industry. 7nergy consu*ption and en6iron*ental pollution ha6e had a serious i*pact on the )enefits and de6elop*ent of teleco* enterprises. Therefore teleco* operators are pursuing energy sa6ing pollution reduction and green and har*onious en6iron*ent. To achie6e this pursuit Huawei cuts down the nu*)er of sites )y enhancing the gain technology sa6es euip*ent power )y using distri)uted architectures and i*pro6ing power a*plifier P#4 efficiency and reduces power consu*ption for cooling as well as pollution )y )uilding new integrated euip*ent roo*s. n this way Huawei helps teleco* operators deploy green &T's to i*ple*ent energy sa6ing and pollution reduction. This docu*ent descri)es the energy sa6ing and pollution reduction technologies in the following aspects=
7nergy efficiency i*pro6e*ent ou can adust the P# offset 6oltage according to the P# output power. hen the P# output power is low you can adust the 6alue of the offset 6oltage para*eter to i*pro6e P# efficiency thus reducing power consu*ption. (yna*ic cell shutdown n the inter-freuency sa*e-co6erage networAing if the traffic density or traffic 6olu*e in a cell is relati6ely low within a period of ti*e then the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* hands o6er so*e ;7s fro* a cell to its sa*e-co6erage neigh)oring cells when the load conditions are *et. Then the algorith* shuts down the cell to reduce power consu*ption.
Intended Audience This docu*ent is intended for=
ssue 01 2009-03-304
'yste* operators who need a general understanding of green &T'. Personnel worAing on Huawei products or syste*s.
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co. !td
1
"#$ %reen &T' (escription
2 %reen &T' ntroduction
Impact on system performance
$one. Impact on other features
$one.
et&or %ements In#o%#ed Ta)le 2.1.1..1.1.1.1 lists the $etworA 7le*ents $7s4 in6ol6ed in green &T'. Table 2.1.1.I.1.1.1.1 $7s in6ol6ed in green &T'
;7
$ode& D
"$C D
B'C 'er6er
B%
'%'$
%%'$
H!"
NTE!
= not in6ol6ed D= in6ol6ed ;7 E ;ser 7uip*ent "$C E "adio $etworA Controller B'C 'er6er E Bo)ile 'er6ice 'witching Center 'er6er B% E Bedia %ateway '%'$ E 'er6ing %P"' 'upport $ode %%'$ E %ateway %P"' 'upport $ode H!" E Ho*e !ocation "egister
ssue 01 2009-03-304
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3
3
nergy !ciency Im"ro#ement
3.1 #er#ie& (uring the networA operation the P# output power of a &T' changes with the traffic load. %enerally the higher the P# output power the higher the P# efficiency. The P# is the *ain power-consu*ing co*ponent in the &T'. ou can reduce the static power consu*ption and i*pro6e the P# efficiency to reali?e energy sa6ing or low consu*ption. The static power consu*ption depends on the offset 6oltage. The P# efficiency is rele6ant to the offset 6oltage and the peaA power of output signals. The P# offset 6oltage is rele6ant to the P# output power. hen the P# output power is high you need higher offset 6oltage to ensure the linearity of power a*plification thus reducing signal distortion. hen the traffic load is low the P# output power decreases. n this case howe6er the P# offset 6oltage re*ains unchanged which leads to low P# efficiency )ecause the static power consu*ption is relati6ely high. Therefore when the P# output power decreases you can lower the P# offset 6oltage to reduce the static power consu*ption and to i*pro6e the P# efficiency. The principle of the Huawei energy efficiency i*pro6e*ent algorith* is that the P# offset 6oltage can )e adusted according to the traffic load that is the P# output power. Thus in the case of lower P# output power you can adust the offset 6oltage to i*pro6e the P# efficiency and further reduce the power consu*ption. This algorith* is *ainly applied to the following scenarios=
n the early stage of networA deploy*ent the traffic is relati6ely light and the traffic load cannot reach the configured *a@i*u* output power le6el. The traffic 6olu*e 6aries according to the ti*e period. >or e@a*ple in so*e central )usiness districts C&(s4 the traffic is hea6y during the day )ut 6ery light at night. This is followed )y the c hange of the P# output power. n the inter-freuency sa*e-co6erage networAing if the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* shuts down a cell the P# adusts the offset 6oltage according the output power 6ariation caused )y the cell shutdown.
3.2 nergy !ciency Im"ro#ement A%gorithm This algorith* co6ers the following aspects= offset 6oltage adust*ent and co*)ination of energy efficiency i*pro6e*ent and dyna*ic cell shutdown.
3.2.1 4set ,o%tage Ad5ustment n the actual networA the cell power 6ariation caused )y the ser6ice change is within the range of 0 to F d&. Therefore the energy efficiency i*pro6e*ent algorith* classifies the output power of the radio freuency ">4 *odules into eight le6els na*ely le6els 0 to F. The difference )etween le6els is 1 d& that is the power adust*ent range is F d&. !e6el 0 corresponds to the highest output power which is the su* of the *a@i*u* trans*it power of all carriers on the "> *odules. n addition each le6el corresponds to an offset 6oltage 6alue. >or e@a*ple for a dual-carrier "> *odule if the *a@i*u* trans*it power of the two carriers is 20 the output power of le6el 0 is :0 that is :< d&*. The corresponding power of le6els 0 to F is :< d&* to 39 d&* respecti6ely. The "> *odule of the $ode& calculates the a6erage P# output power e6ery 100 *s. &ased on the power the "> *odule adusts the offset 6oltage through the fast increase and slow decrease *ethod to pre6ent negati6e i*pact on ser6ices. The adust*ent *ethod is descri)ed as follows=
f F0G of the output power 6alues calculated in fi6e consecuti6e seconds is higher than the power of the current le6el you should set the offset 6oltage to the 6alue that le6el 0 corresponds to. f the output power 6alues calculated in fi6e consecuti6e *inutes is lower than the power of the current le6el you should lower the power )y one le6el and set the offset 6oltage to the 6alue that the lowered le6el corresponds to. hen H'(P# ser6ices e@ist the adust*ent of offset 6oltage is not allowed.
3.2.2 Combination o+ nergy !ciency Im"ro#ement and Dynamic Ce%% Shutdo&n >ro* the function i*ple*entation point of 6iew the energy efficiency i*pro6e*ent algorith* and the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* can worA separately. The co*)ination of the two algorith*s howe6er can greatly sa6e the electric power. >or e@a*ple for the P# of a dual-carrier "> *odule after one carrier is shut down the actual output power decreases sharply co*pared with the rated output power of the P#. n this case if the P# offset 6oltage re*ains unchanged and the P# efficiency is low the power consu*ed )y the P# drops slightly. f the P# offset 6oltage is lowered the P# efficiency can )e i*pro6ed and the power consu*ed )y the P# drops significantly. Therefore the co*)ination of the two algorith*s can )etter sa6e the electric power. >or details a)out the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* see chapter :(yna*ic Cell 'hutdown #lgorith*.
$
Dynamic Ce%% Shutdo&n A%gorithm
$.1 Introduction to the A%gorithm (uring a certain period of ti*e the traffic density or traffic 6olu*e in a cell *a y )e relati6ely low. n this case the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* hands o6er so*e ;7s fro* this cell to other inter-freuency sa*e-co6erage neigh)oring cells which are also called neigh)oring cells for short in this chapter when certain load conditions are *et. Then the algorith* shuts down this cell to reduce the power consu*ption. >igure :.1.1..1.1.1 shows the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith*. "i#ure $.1.1.I.1.1.1 (yna*ic cell shutdown algorith*
$.2 (rocedure o+ Dynamic Ce%% Shutdo&n The traffic 6olu*e 6aries with ti*e. >or e@a*ple the traffic 6olu*e in so*e )usiness area is 6ery high during the dayti*e and reuires *ultiple cells for ser6ices while the traffic 6olu*e
is 6ery low in the night. To adapt to this condition and a6oid freuent shutdowns due to power changes you can set an effecti6e period for the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith*. The dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* is ena)led only in the effecti6e period. # *a@i*u* of three effecti6e periods can )e set through the para*eters %tartTime1 EndTime1 %tartTime2 EndTime2 %tartTime& and EndTime&.
>igure :.2.1..1.1.1 shows the procedure of dyna*ic cell shutdown. "i#ure $.2.1.I.1.1.1 Procedure of dyna*ic cell shutdown
#s shown in >igure :.2.1..1.1.1 cell # and cell & are inter-freuency sa*e-co6erage neigh)oring cells )etween which )lind hando6er can )e perfor*ed.
f the switch of dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* Dyn%hutdown%witch is set to N for a cell when the condition of effecti6e period is satisfied=
f the para*eter Dyn%hutDownType is set to "R'E%()TD*N >orce'hut(own4 the cell shuts down directly. >orce'hut(own is reco**ended for so*e special scenario such as high speed railways. f the para*eter Dyn%hutDownType is set to 'NDITINA+%()TD*N Conditional'hut(own4 the dyna*ic cell shutdown algorith* perfor*s the following step= 1 The algorith* checAs whether the cell *eets the following conditions periodically= The nu*)er of total ;7s is )elow the threshold Total)serNumThd. The nu*)er of H'(P# ;7s is )elow the threshold (sdpa)serNumThd . The nu*)er of H';P# ;7s is )elow the threshold (supa)serNumThd . The load *argin of a neigh)oring cell is a)o6e the threshold N'ell+drRemainThd . $o B&B' ser6ices C&' ser6ices or ;7s on co**on channels e@ist in this cell. f all these conditions are *et the algorith* triggers a cell shutdown and goes to the ne@t step. 5therwise the algorith* goes )acA to step 1. 2. The algorith* starts a hando6er-waiting ti*er T1 30s4 and hands o6er the ;7s fro* this cell to neigh)oring cells.
3.
f no ;7 e@ists and the load of neigh)oring cells is nor*al when T1 e@pires the "$C identifies this cell as an unusa)le cell and sends a cell shutdown indication to the $ode&. 5therwise the algorith* goes )acA to step 1. :. The $ode& shuts down this cell. f the $ode& fails to shut down this cell the "$C identifies this cell as a usa)le cell through an internal audit *essage after recei6ing the corresponding *essage fro* the $ode& and then goes )acA to step 1. f the $ode& succeeds in shutting down the cell the "$C periodically checAs whether the condition for opening up the cell is *et. f the condition is *et the "$C opens up the cell and starts a protection ti*er T2 Dyn'ell%hutdown,rotectTimerlen 4. #fter T2 e@pires the algorith* goes )acA to step 1.
$.3 Conditions +or "ening 6" a Ce%% #fter the cell is shut down the "$C deter*ines at inter6als specified )y Dyn'ellpen-ud#eTimerlen 4 whether to open up the cell. >or the Conditional'hut(own cell the "$C opens up the cell that is shut down when any of the following conditions is *et=
n the sector to which the shutdown cell )elongs there is a cell of which the load is in the !(" state. The effecti6e period of dyna*ic cell shutdown e@pires. # neigh)oring cell fails to ad*it a ser6ice )ecause of resource insufficiency. The shutdown cell is an H'P# cell and a neigh)oring "99 cell ad*its a high-speed ;7. >or the >orce'hut(own cell the cell shuts down only when the effecti6e period of dyna*ic cell shutdown e@pires.
'
Green BTS (arameters
'.1 Descri"tion Table .1.1.I.1.1.1.1 %reen &T' para*eter description ,arameter ID
Description
'tartTi*e1 7ndTi*e1 'tartTi*e2 7ndTi*e2 'tartTi*e3 7ndTi*e3 (yn'hutdown'witch (yn'hut(ownType
'tart ti*e of the first inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. 7nd ti*e of the first inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. 'tart ti*e of the second inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. 7nd ti*e of the second inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. 'tart ti*e of the third inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. 7nd ti*e of the third inter6al when the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. hen the switch is on the Cell dyna*ic shutdown feature is 6alid. hen (yn'hut(ownType is set to >orce'hut(own the cell will shut down in the shutdown ti*e inter6al. hen (yn'hut(ownType is set to Conditional'hut(own the cell will shut down with so*e conditions in the shutdown ti*e inter6al. The cell will shut down auto*atically only when the total user nu*)er is not greater than the threshold. The total user nu*)er consists of the (CH and CCH user nu*)ers. The cell will shut down auto*atically only when the H'(P# user nu*)er is not greater than the threshold. The cell will shut down auto*atically only when the H';P# user nu*)er is not greater than the threshold. The cell will shut down auto*atically only when the neigh)oring cell load is less than the difference )etween the !(" threshold and this threshold. hen the cell is auto*atically ena)led the cell can )e auto*atically disa)led again only after a period delay. hen the cell is auto*atically shut down this para*eter is used to repeatedly deter*ine whether the cell needs to )e auto*atically ena)led.
Total;ser$u*Thd Hsdpa;ser$u*Thd Hsupa;ser$u*Thd $Cell!dr"e*ainThd (ynCell'hutdownProt ectTi*erlen (ynCell5penIudgeTi *erlen
'.2 ,a%ues and *anges Table .2.1.I.1.1.1.1 %reen &T' para*eter 6alues and para*eter ranges ,arameter ID
Default /alue
0)I /alue Ran#e
Actual Ran#e
'tartTi*e1
-
H5;" B$
7ndTi*e1
-
'tartTi*e2
/alue
)nit
+ 'ommand
NE
00=00J23=,9
*in
"$C
H5;" B$
00=00J23=,9
*in
-
H5;" B$
00=00J23=,9
*in
7ndTi*e2
-
H5;" B$
00=00J23=,9
*in
'tartTi*e3
-
H5;" B$
00=00J23=,9
*in
7ndTi*e3
-
H5;" B$
00=00J23=,9
*in
(yn'hut(o wnType
C5$(T 5$#!' H;T(5 $
>5"C7'H;T( $one 5$ C5$(T5$#! 'H;T(5$
(yn'hutdow n'witch
-
5>> 5$K1 $one 5$K2 5$K3
#(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4
"$C
Total;ser$u *Thd
1
>5"C7'H; T(5$>o rce'hut(ow n4 C5$(T5 $#!'H;T( 5$Condi tional'hut(o wn4 5>>switch off4 5$K1switch on14 5$K2switch on24 5$K3switch on34 0J,
#(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ Bandatory4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ 5ptional4
0J,
$one
"$C
Hsdpa;ser$ u*Thd
0
0J,
0J,
$one
Hsupa;ser$ u*Thd
0
0J,
0J,
$one
#(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ 5ptional4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ 5ptional4 #(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ 5ptional4
"$C "$C "$C "$C "$C "$C
"$C "$C
,arameter ID
Default /alue
0)I /alue Ran#e
Actual Ran#e
$Cell!dr"e *ainThd
20
0J100
(ynCell'hut downProtect Ti*erlen (ynCell5pe nIudgeTi*er len
/alue
)nit
+ 'ommand
NE
0J1 step=0.01
percent
"$C
<0J3<00
<0J3<00
s
1J3<00
1J3<00
s
#(( C7!!($'H;T(5$ 5ptional4 '7T "$CC7!!'H;T(5$P #"#5ptional4 '7T "$CC7!!'H;T(5$P #"#5ptional4
The Default /alue colu*n is 6alid for only the optional para*eters. The - sy*)ol indicates no default 6alue.
"$C "$C
)
*e+erence Documents
The following lists the reference docu*ents related to the feature= 1. 2.
&asic >eature (escription of Huawei ;BT' "#$11.0 81., 5ptional >eature (escription of Huawei ;BT' "#$11.0 81.,
