INTRODUCTION In mechanical engineering department the junior year students have some basic knowledge from the previously completed courses. In ME113 and ME114 mechanical engineering students got some theoretical theoretical and practical practical knowledge knowledge about engineering engineering drawing and also in ME!"! ME!"! #Manufact #Manufacturing uring $echnolog echnologies% ies% they have learned theoretical theoretical data and practical practical applications applications of some. &owever the students have been told only a small part of these applications especially in ME!"! course.
In mechanical engineering the manufacturing technologies have an important role. In order to improve the manufacturing technology knowledge the junior year students must attend a summer practice program for mechanical engineering. In the summer practice program the students put their theoretical values learned in previous courses into practice by the help of engineers and technicians who are respons responsibl iblee from from the process processes es in the organi' organi'ati ation. on. Especi Especially ally for the product production ion techni(ues the summer practice program is much more useful. In this program the student can inspect the processes like milling drilling turning grinding etc. and learn some of the details about the working principles of the machines which are used in the company. )lso the student gets some information about the speed mechanism capacity and the fields of use of these machines. $here is one to one correspondence between these increments band also the working principles of the machines. *uring the summer practice practice the students students can easily get answers to their problems problems and (uestions (uestions about the details of the processes. Moreover in the company not only the students get some more detailed information but also they see some industrial applications. In this report you will see the detailed information that were mentioned above. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY Company name: )selsan Military Electronics Industries Inc. Company location:
+) ,- 3" Etlik "/"11 )0)2)
Organiation !tr"ct"re o# t$e company: $he organi'ation structure of the
company is given in )++E0*I hart.
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N"m%er an& &"tie! o# engineer! employe&:
In )kyurt facilities of )elsan 15
engineers are employed. 6" of them work in 2esearch and *evelopment #27*% /5 of them in production 1" of them in planning and 1" of them in maintenance. In +roduction Engineering *epartment there are 1! enginners 3 of whom are mechanical engineer and the others are electrical engineers. ! of the mechanical engineers are work in 27* and production the other engineer is interested in planning. #)lso see )++E0*I% m ain divisions in )selsan. $he detailed Main area o# %"!ine!!: $here are three main information about the area of business of each are mentioned below. Comm"nication! Di'i!ion (CD)
$he ommuni ommunicat cations ions *ivisi *ivision on is engage engagedd in researc research8de h8devel velopm opment ent8des 8design ign marketing8sales and production in the fields of military and civilian communications e(uipment and systems electronic fuses power electronics and systems operations. In its facilities located in Macunk9y and in its ,ranch offices in :stanbul and :'mir the division employs a total of 11/! personnel of whom !5" are engineers. ;ithin the borders of $urkey there are 54 provinces and !3 towns in which over 5"" outlets are in service <" of them being main offices. In addition to this )selsan offices and representatives spread out in various countries provide a more effective marketing sales and service abroad. $he * is aware that the only way of reaching its targets is through =customer satisfaction> and that this can only be achieved by fully meeting customers? demands which are changing in parallel with the rapid progress of technology and by developing new products in a short time. *ue to this awareness in 166 the * enriched its capacity and capabilities in the fields of research8development8design produ producti ction on and servic service. e. It also also ent entere eredd into into new areas areas develop developed ed new produc products ts succes successfu sfully lly and improved its (uality in all areas. In order to develop a product in the least possible time with the least possible cost the * has benefited from all kinds of e@ternal sources used ready hardware and software blocks and cooperated with other firms universities and institutions speciali'ed in their respective fields. $he result of such an approach and all the hard work put into it has lead to a higher increase in sales than e@pected without causing any delivery delays. $he leading products sold in 166 areA the B&CDCM Ci@ed Cre(uency and the Cre(uency &opping Military 2adio Camilies the B&CD&C8CM Fynthesi'ed 2adio Camily $runked 2adio Fystems &ave Guick )ir to Hround 2adios Mobile +hones F(uad 2adio +ersonnel ocator Fystems Encryption E(uipment &C 2eceiver and &C F)2+ E(uipment Cield $elephones *ata $erminals ,roadcasting Fystems ) *riving Fystems &eating and $emperature ontrol Fystems for ;agon ars ,ank )larm Fystems $B $ransmitterD2eceiver $ransmitterD2eceiver and +ro@imity Cuses. -ne of the most important events throughout 166 was the marketing of the first $urkish Mobile +hone which is designed and produced by )selsan.
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N"m%er an& &"tie! o# engineer! employe&:
In )kyurt facilities of )elsan 15
engineers are employed. 6" of them work in 2esearch and *evelopment #27*% /5 of them in production 1" of them in planning and 1" of them in maintenance. In +roduction Engineering *epartment there are 1! enginners 3 of whom are mechanical engineer and the others are electrical engineers. ! of the mechanical engineers are work in 27* and production the other engineer is interested in planning. #)lso see )++E0*I% m ain divisions in )selsan. $he detailed Main area o# %"!ine!!: $here are three main information about the area of business of each are mentioned below. Comm"nication! Di'i!ion (CD)
$he ommuni ommunicat cations ions *ivisi *ivision on is engage engagedd in researc research8de h8devel velopm opment ent8des 8design ign marketing8sales and production in the fields of military and civilian communications e(uipment and systems electronic fuses power electronics and systems operations. In its facilities located in Macunk9y and in its ,ranch offices in :stanbul and :'mir the division employs a total of 11/! personnel of whom !5" are engineers. ;ithin the borders of $urkey there are 54 provinces and !3 towns in which over 5"" outlets are in service <" of them being main offices. In addition to this )selsan offices and representatives spread out in various countries provide a more effective marketing sales and service abroad. $he * is aware that the only way of reaching its targets is through =customer satisfaction> and that this can only be achieved by fully meeting customers? demands which are changing in parallel with the rapid progress of technology and by developing new products in a short time. *ue to this awareness in 166 the * enriched its capacity and capabilities in the fields of research8development8design produ producti ction on and servic service. e. It also also ent entere eredd into into new areas areas develop developed ed new produc products ts succes successfu sfully lly and improved its (uality in all areas. In order to develop a product in the least possible time with the least possible cost the * has benefited from all kinds of e@ternal sources used ready hardware and software blocks and cooperated with other firms universities and institutions speciali'ed in their respective fields. $he result of such an approach and all the hard work put into it has lead to a higher increase in sales than e@pected without causing any delivery delays. $he leading products sold in 166 areA the B&CDCM Ci@ed Cre(uency and the Cre(uency &opping Military 2adio Camilies the B&CD&C8CM Fynthesi'ed 2adio Camily $runked 2adio Fystems &ave Guick )ir to Hround 2adios Mobile +hones F(uad 2adio +ersonnel ocator Fystems Encryption E(uipment &C 2eceiver and &C F)2+ E(uipment Cield $elephones *ata $erminals ,roadcasting Fystems ) *riving Fystems &eating and $emperature ontrol Fystems for ;agon ars ,ank )larm Fystems $B $ransmitterD2eceiver $ransmitterD2eceiver and +ro@imity Cuses. -ne of the most important events throughout 166 was the marketing of the first $urkish Mobile +hone which is designed and produced by )selsan.
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=$actical )rea ommunications Fystems8$)FMF project is one of the biggest projects. ,y the implementations of this project the $)C will become one of the first armies in the world using such a prior system and )selsan will become one of the world leading firms in this field. $he $he +28 +2845 451! 1! Fhor Fhortt 2ang 2angee Fold Foldie ierr 2adi 2adios os whic whichh were were orig origin inall allyy deve develo lope pedd for for the the commun communica icatio tions ns re(uir re(uireme ements nts of the $urki $urkish sh )rmed )rmed Corces Corces s(uad s(uad member memberss may also also be used used in shopping and business centers hotels and factories. ) contract contract has been signed in which )selsan will be producing the the &ave Guick )vionics )vionics 2adios for the ougar )F 53! helicopters which are to be produced in our country. In order to fulfil the $urkish )rmed Corces? need the ME,F Integrated ommand ontrol Fystem #ME)% was developed and demonstrated for the first time at the ECEF?6 Military E@ercise. )selsan has started taking orders for further productions. $he development in the substructure for power electronics is continuing. )s a result of the co8 operation with $JlomsaK )selsan has started designing and producing the electric8electronic systems of locomotives. In 166 the ) *riving Fystems and &eat ontrolled carriage systems were developed designed and all deliveries completed. &aving a 5L share in $JlomsaK?s capital will increase the teamwork between two firms in the future years. In the year 166 all the efforts made have brought about positive results within the $urkish 2epublics in central )sia. $he sales of various products have reached a significant amount and sum in )'erbaijan. )selsan has started its preparation for its new company which is to be constructed in ,aku and aims at increasing sales operating radio systems and making investment in the areas of production maintenance and repair. ) contract has been signed with 'bekistan for the sale of the 4""" series vehicu vehicular lar radio radio and base base statio station. n. )not nother her contra contract ct made made with with yrgh yrghy's y'stan tan aims aims at improv improving ing the communications system of the police force in yrghy'stan yrghy'stan by establishing an operational and secure radio system containing hand held vehicular radio and base station system with digital encryption. $he * meets the re(uirements of the other departments of )selsan and gives service to e@ternal customers by using the available facilities in the electronical mechanical printed board and moulding areas with the use of computer aided design #)*% and manufacturing #)M% capabilities. ;ithin the electronics production sections there are all kinds of boards modules cables coils and transformers being produced to be used for civilian and military products. In addition to this electromechanical mounting and testing procedures are being kept up to international standards. ;ith the investment of the new reflow soldering machine the available FM* production line has been developed and testing "ability and capacity capacity have been increased increased due to the investments investments made on new functional functional testing devices. In the mechanical production and platingDpainting workshops mechanical parts are produced with the use of precision 0 machine tools. In addition to this the plating and painting processes are made according to the military standards and conductive painting processes are carried out on plastic using silver and nickel for electromagnetic protection. In 166 a variety of appro@imately 15"" parts were produced in these workshops in which the investment made on the and N8a@is numerically controlled precision turn8mill center the video measuring system and the temperature and humidity controlled meas me asur urin ingg room room gave gave way way to an incre increas asee in auto automa matition on fle@ fle@ibi ibilility ty and and prec precis isio ionn as well well as an improvement in (uality. *ouble8sided multi8layer and fle@ible printed circuit boards are produced at the printed circuit board production workshops which work according to the MI8+2C85511" an I+8/"1! standards. $he printed circuit boards are produced with the selective solder plating and chemical nickel8gold plating processes in which all types of surface mount components are used. ;ith the investment on the vacuum press in 166)selsan has started the production of printed circuit boards of up to 1/ layers.
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In order to produce the parts according to the (uality and precision re(uired by military standards small and medium type plastic injection molds metal cutting and shaping dies investment casting wa@ moulds aluminium profile e@trusion dies aluminium injection moulds jigs and fi@tures are designed and produced in the mechanical design directorate workshops. 166 was a year in which the * has increased its performance effectiveness and speed in the areas of sales services design and production and made valuable accumulations for coming years. Micro*a'e an& Sy!tem Tec$nologie! Di'i!ion (MST)
$he Microwave and Fystem $echnologies #MF$% division located at Macunk9y facilities of )selsan provides total system solutions in the functional areas given belowO Electronic warfare and intelligence Cire support Corward area air defense Maneuver control • • • •
;ithin the framework of these functional areas MF$ division designs develops manufactures and integrates sensor command and control communications and counter measures sub8systems and e(uipment for ground navy air platforms. MF$ division also provides military grade integrated logistic support services to its products throughout the life cycle of the e(uipment. E@amples of MF$ product spectrum are as followsO Electric support measures #EFM% systems Electric counter measures #EM% systems Hround surveillance and artillery fire control radars )rtillery mu''le velocity radars )rtillery fire control systems and fire support automation systems Cield artillery meteorology systems +edestal mounted Ftinger systems ommand and control consoles and terminals ommand and control information systems Fensor fusion command and control systems • • • • • • • • • •
$he MF$ division applies its e@perience and technological knowledge accumulated through military programs in civil professional applications such as Motorway Emergency ommunications and ontrol Fystems )utomatic $oll ollection Fystems Motorway -bservation Fystems and $raffic ontrol Fystems. $he national fre(uency spectrum monitoring system project is another important application of MF$ division?s capabilities in a civil professional area. In 166 MF$ entered into a challenging field where it is able to apply its e@isting e@perience and technologiesO nmanned )ir Behicle #)B% Fystems for which the MF$ division with other divisions of )selsan shall provide command and control stations data8 links and mission payloads. $he key elements of MF$ division?s technological infrastructure can be summari'ed as followsO ) high technology computer aided new product development environment ) capable engineering work force speciali'ed in critical technologies Manufacturing systems integration and test capabilities in military standards Fystems engineering and project management e@perience in related fields • • • •
$hese elements are managed through a computer aided information system based on computer networks and Intranet services to lead the division to the state of the art original products. Independent 4
technology development programs various international data access channels Internet in company training programs can also be e@pressed as the e@amples of the important elements used to keep the division on the leading edge of technology. ;ithin its infrastructure and capabilities MF$ division successfully applies key technologies in its products. In addition to system level analysis and design capabilities basic design and development e@perience of the MF$ division is accumulated in the given fieldsO Microwave and 2C circuits )ntennas and transmission )nalogue digital and mi@ed circuits including the design of )pplication Fpecific Integrated ircuits #)FIs% Electro8mechanical design including structural design and servo control design Foftware design for real time applications Electro warfare algorithms design ommunications algorithms design *igital signal processing applications omputer and communications network applications Information management applications • • •
• • • • • • •
Engineering specialty areas such as reliability engineering electromagnetic compatibility engineering etc. are also integrated to design and development activities through the system engineering process. oncurrent engineering which has become a part of product development culture is now in a transmission process to the integrated product and process development approach. )ll processes of the MF$ division are continuously improved in a total (uality management program implemented teams. $he MF$ division also actively updates its capability maturity goals and milestones for all its processes to provide the best products and services to its customers. ;ith these characteristics and capabilities the MF$ division is a reliable partner and a high (uality product and service supplier for its domestic and international customers. Microelectronic!+ ,"i&ance an& Electro-optic! Di'i!ion (M,EO)
In 1666the MHE- division is proud to continue supplying the $urkish )rmed Corces technologically advanced products with a total staff of 5 including 15 engineers and 41 specialists. In this conte@t various projects in areas of $hermal Imaging #I2% +assive 0ight Bision Inertial 0avigation Huidance aser and &ybrid Microelectronics have continued. In 166 following products are successfully delivered against contractual schedulesA I. generation $hermal Furveillance Fystems II. generation $hermal Hunner Fights II. generation )irdefence $hermal Fighting Fystems II. generation Image Intensifier 0ight Bision E(uipment ncooled $hermal ;eapon Fights aser 2ange Cinders aser +ointers 2ing aser Hyroscope Inertial 0avigation Fystems #2HDI0% Electronic Huidance Fection of Ftinger Missile &ybrid Microelectronics ircuits • • • • • • • • • •
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)lways having 2esearch 7 *evelopment #27*% in precedence developing new e(uipment and systems applying advanced technologies and tracing developing technologies are )selsan?s objectives. ;ith this vision 27* has reached a level to compete with other companies in international arena. $he prototype for the $arget )c(uisition Fystem to be integrated to the ,aykuK $hermal amera Fystem in the $urkish )rmed Corces inventory has been completed and prepared for the serial production stage. $he engineering and design effort for the Hround aser $arget *esignatorD2anger a re(uirement by the $urkish )ir Corces to be used together with the aser8Huided ,ombs has continued. ) fast prototyping workshop is established and integrated in to the )*D)M network. Cull automation in design and manufacture of parts for investment casting and plastic injection processes are achieved. ,y using =hip 7 ;ire> technology the design and production capabilities for hybrid microcircuits devices in metal and ceramic packaged forms have been achieved for a semi8conductor packaging and =Multi8hip Modules> #MM% technologies. In order to fulfil the avionic e(uipment re(uirements by the $urkish )rmed Corces 166 was a year in which )selsan obtained the e@pected results of the efforts spent in this area. $hese avionics e(uipment can be installed on almost all kinds of aircrafts including )B?s. 0ot only does )selsan fulfil the strategic re(uirements of the $urkish )rmed Corces but also has a high potential for e@porting the above mentioned e(uipment. $he project work carried out on the )FECI28!"" Hyro8Ftabili'ed II. Heneration )irborne $hermal Imaging Fystem and the 01""H H+F embedded 2ing aser Hyroscope Inertial 0avigation Fystem had been completed in 166/. 166 started with the production and the engineering investments of these e(uipment and continued into 166< in a status ready for production. ) contract signed with the ndersecretariet for *efense Industries in 166 is based on the procurement of the )FECI28!"" and 01""H e(uipment used for the ougar helicopters needed for the $urkish and and )ir Corces. $he +hase8I delivery of 0863 2ing aser Inertial 0avigation Fystems produced for +eace -ny@8II C81/ +rogram had been completed and deliveries for +hase8II started. In addition to this a contract was signed for the e@portation of !" 0863 model 2HDI0F devices to the F). )selsan?s application made to the F Hovernment for a (ualified source in 0863 project resulted with receiving a =Gualified Fource ertificate>. Curthermore )selsan has entered into the field of manufacturing sophisticated Multi Cunction *isplay E(uipment embedded with moving map feature. ) future advancement to this capability is total avionic integration. It is of great importance that the high8tech e(uipment and systems produced maintain their reliability and precision and be in contrast use throughout their lifetime. In order to meet this objective ogistic Fupport +lans were made to support the maintenance and repair of products and comprehensive training provided to the customers. Bisits were made to the sites with customer representatives where the e(uipment were used where e(uipment failures were evaluated at site and preventative measures initiated. $he Hendarme Heneral ommand has ac(uired the ability for third and fourth level maintenance and repair of e(uipment regarding the ,aykuK $hermal amera and its accessories. ) similar contract has been signed with $urkish and Corces ommand for the ,aykuK and 0ight Bision e(uipment. )selsan participated in the working group of the nion of hambers 7 ommodity E@changes of $urkey #$-,,% regarding )F which is one of the methods for the e@change of electronic information for logistical purposes. Intensive on8the8job seminars and skill training programs are being conducted according to the international and military standards to refresh the skills and recertify the employees in the MHE- *ivision. In addition end users and customer training are carried out for maintenance and repair of the delivered systems. &ence efficient and effective utili'ation of such e(uipment is ensured.
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.rie# $i!tory o# t$e company
)selsan was founded by $urkish )rmed Corces Coundation at the end of 165 to produce tactical military radios and defense systems for $urkish )rmy. $he first decisions taken at the foundation stage wereO 8)selsan will be a facility which is more developed than the other European factories. 8$he board of directors and auditors will be the young university graduated persons . 8onstruction will be started immediately and the facility will be functional in two years.
8$he first production will be started with foreign licensed. 8In order to improve the design of the new e(uipment a powerful 2esearch and *evelopment division will be established. 8Every year our facilities will be improved at the end a powerful *efensive Electronic Industry will be established and )selsan have a part in 0)$- projects. 8$urkey will become an e@porting country rather than an importing country in the *efensive Electronics. In 16< )selsan signed a contract with $urkish )rmed Corces for tactical radio family. In early 166 following an investment and infrastructure establishment period )selsan started its production at Macunkoy )nkara facilities. In 16<" the production of B&CDCM fi@ed fre(uency and fre(uency hopping tactical radio family. )t the beginning )selsan made some sales contracts with *FI +E$IM E2*EMI2 and arayollarP Henel Mudurlugu. In 16<1 )selsan designed its first hand8hold radios and bank alarm systems. 16<3 was the year of the first e@portation Iran was the first customer. )selsan e@ports amount reaches appro@imately to !!L of its total sales. ,y the end of 16<3 )selsan had 1434 personnel including 1
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product spectrum. $, e@change systems field telephones and laser range finders were among the new products. )selsan contributed to the defense power of the $urkish )rmed Corces by its Electronic ;arfare and *ata $erminals in 16
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In 1663 )selsan made a big achievement by establishing the Electro -ptics $echnology enter at )kyurt Cacilities. )selsan (uality systems were certified in accordance with IF-86""1 standards. Moreover in 1664 the )G)+84 certificate at )selsan (uality system was revised as )G)+81 standards. &ave (uick radio production started. In 1665 in order to improve the customer services )selsan established regional directorates. $he first abroad company was established as )selsan8,aku in )'erbaijan in 166<. In 1665 )selsan engineers completed design activities of )selsan?s first consumer product the mobile phone. )selsan increased its e@ports to 16 countries. $he railway transport system project in +ower Electronics area started. In 166/ )selsan (uality system was revised as )G)+811" standards. $)FMF contract was signed. In 166 with its mobile phone81616 which is completely designed by )selsan?s engineers. $urkey has taken its position among the first nine countries which designed its own mobile phone. $oday together with its more than !/"" employees including "" (ualified engineers )selsan has become the leading electronics company of $urkey sustaining its competitiveness in the new international markets.
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PRODUCTION TECHNI/UES IN THE FACTORY FORMIN, OPERATIONS
.en&ing:
,ending is the plastic deformation of the metals about a linear a@is with
little or no change in the surface area by stressing the metal above its yield strength but not larger than its ultimate tensile stress. ;hen multiple bends are made simultaneously with the use of a die the process is sometimes called forming. Cor a given sheet thickness h tensile and compressive strains increase with decreasing forming radius Rb.
$hus plastic irreversible bending differs from elastic reversible bending in that the
bend radius must be small enough to bring much of the sheet cross section into the state of plastic flow. $he various bend a@es can be at angles to each other but each a@is
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must be linear and independent of the others for the process to be classified as a true bending operation and be treatable by simple bending theory. If the a@es of deformation are not linear or are not independent the process becomes one of drawing andDor stretching not bending. haracteristic of this process is stretching #tensile elongation% imposed on the outer surface and compression on the inner surface. Fince the yield strength of metals in compression is somewhat higher than the yield strength in tension the metal on the outer side yields first and the neutral a@is is displaced from the center of the two surfaces. In fact the neutral a@is is generally located between one third and one half of the way from the inner surface the precise location depending upon the bend radius and the material. ,ecause of the preferred tensile deformation the metal is thinned somewhat at the bend the thinning being more pronounced in the center of the sheet where the material cannot freely pull in along the a@is of the bend. oncerning the inner side of the bend it is possible for the compressive forces to introduce upsetting which would cause the material to become longer in the direction parallel to the bend a@is. $his effect can become (uite pronounced in the bending of thick narrow pieces. Ftill another conse(uence of the condition of combined tension and compression is the tendency of the metal to unbend somewhat after forming a phenomenon known as springback. $o form a desired angle metals must be overbent in such a way that upon springback the material assumes the desired shape of the product. Angle %en&ing: )
bar folder can be used to make angle bends up to 15" in
sheet metal under Q in. thick. $he sheet of metal is inserted under the folding leaf and moved to proper position. 2aising the handle then actuates a cam causing the leaf to clamp the sheet. Curther motion of the handle then bends the metal to the desired angle. ,ar folders are manually operated and are usually less than 1! feet #4 meters% long. ,ends in heavier sheet or more comple@ bends in thin material are generally made on press brakes. $hese are mechanically or hydraulically driven presses with a
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long narrow bed and relatively slow short adjustable strokes. $he metal is bent between interchangeable dies that are attached to the bed and the ram. *ifferent dies can be used to produce many types of bends. $he metal can be fed inward between successive strokes to produce various repeated bends such as corrugation. Feaming embossing punching and other operations can also be performed by inserting suitable dies into press brakes but these operations can usually be done more efficiently on other types of e(uipment when the volume is sufficient to justify their use. S$earing: Fhearing
is the mechanical cutting of materials without the formation
of chips by placing the sheet between two edges of the shearing tools. ;hen the blades are straight the process is called shearing. ;hen the blade geometry is curved as in the edges of punches and dies the process have special names such as blanking piercing notching and trimming. )ll of these are essentially shearing operations however. ) simple type of shearing process is that the punch descends against the workpiece then the metal is first deformed plastically into the die. ,ecause the clearance between the two tools is only 5L to 1"L of the thickness of the metal being cut the deformation is highly locali'ed. $he punch penetrates into the metal the material flows into the die and the opposite surface bulges slightly. ;hen penetration reaches about 15L to /"L of thickness of the metal the amount depending upon the material ductility and strength the applied stress e@ceeds the shear stress and the metal suddenly shears or ruptures through the remainder of its thickness. ,ecause of the normal nonhomogeneities in a metal and the possibility of non8 uniform clearance between the shear blades the final shearing does not occur uniformly. Cracture and tearing start at the weakest points and proceed progressively and intermittently to the ne@t stronger locations. $he result is a rough and ragged sheared edge.
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If the punch and die have proper clearance and are maintained in good condition sheared edges may be produced that are sufficiently smooth to use without further finishing. $he (uality of the sheared edge can be further improved if the strip stock is clamped firmly against the die from above the punch and die are maintained with proper clearance and alignment and the movement of the piece through the die is restrained by an opposing plunger or rubber die cushion applying pressure from below the workpiece. $hese measures cause the shearing to take place uniformly around the edge rather than randomly at the weakest points. $he major processing parameters in shearing are the shape and materials for the punch and die the speed of punching lubrication and the clearance between the punch and die.
MACHININ, OPERATIONS
T"rning:
$his process consists of machining an e@ternal cylindrical surface with a
single8point tool while the workpiece is rotating and with the tool moving parallel to the a@is of the workpiece at a prescribed depth and speed to remove the outer surface of the workpiece. It is usually performed on a lathe. If the tool is fed at an angle to the a@is of rotation an e@ternal conical surface results. $his is called taper turning.
$urning constitutes the majority of lathe work. $he cutting forces resulting from feeding the tool from right to left should be directed toward the headstock to force the workpiece against the workholder and thus provide better work support. If food finish and accurate si'e are desired one or more roughing cuts usually are followed by one or more finishing cuts. 2oughing cuts may be as heavy as proper chip thickness tool life lathe horsepower and the workpiece permit. arge depths of cut and
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smaller feeds are preferred to the reserve procedure because fewer cuts are re(uired and less time is lost in reserving the carriage and resetting the tool for the following cut. .oring: ,oring
always involves the enlarging of an e@isting hole which may have
been made by a drill or may be the result of a core in a casting. )n e(ually important and concurrent purpose of boring may be to make the hole concentric with the a@is of rotation of the workpiece and thus correct any eccentricity that may have resulted from the drill?s having drifted off the center line. oncentricity is an important attribute of bored holes. ,oring can be made on hori'ontal vertical or angular machines as long as the machine design provides the inherent rigidity and accuracy to produce the tolerances re(uired. onsiderable boring is done on the various types of lathes and also performed on some drilling machines. )pplications of boring can be divided into heavy cutting and precision operations. &eavy boring is generally done on large hori'ontal and vertical boring machines. +recision boring is performed on machines specially designed for this purpose. $hese machines generally take relatively light cuts maintain close tolerances and often capable of high production rates. -perations often performed with precision boring in the same cycle include facing turning and grooving. Machines are sometimes arranged for accurate milling operations. ;hen boring is done in a lathe the work usually is held in a chuck or on a face plate. &oles may be bored straight tapered or to irregular contours. ,oring is essentially internal turning while feeding the tool parallel to the rotation a@is of the workpiece. Facing: Cacing
is the producing of a flat surface as the result of a tool?s being fed
across the end of the rotating workpiece. nless the work is held on a mandrel if both end of the work are to be faced it must be turned end for end after the first end is completed and the facing operation repeated.
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$he cutting speed should be determined from the largest diameter of the surface to be faced. Cacing may be done either from outside inward or from the center outward. In either case the point of the tool must be set e@actly at the height of the center of rotation. In facing the tool feeds perpendicular to the a@is of rotating workpiece. ,ecause the rpm is constant the speed is continually decreasing as the a@is is approached. 0n"rling:
nurling produces a regularly shaped roughened surface on a
workpiece. )lthough knurling also can be done on other machine tools even on flat surfaces in mot cases it is done on e@ternal cylindrical surfaces using lathes. nurling is a chipless cold8forming process. $he two hardened rolls are pressed against the rotating workpiece with sufficient force to cause a slight outward and lateral displacement of the metal so as to form the knurling in a raised diamond pattern. Tapping:
Internal threads in workpieces can be produced by tapping. ) tap is a
basically a threading tool with multiple cutting teeth. $aps are generally available with three or four flutes. hip removal can be a significant problem during tapping because of the small clearances involved. If chips are not removed properly the resulting e@cessive forces can break the tap. Drilling:
It is basically the production or enlarging of holes by the relative motion of
a cutting tool and the workpiece which produce chips. $he cutting tool the workpiece or both may rotate with the tool generally being fed. Feveral methods of drilling e@ist including conventional deep8hole and small hole drilling. ;hile drilling is fast and economical its cutting action is difficult and inefficient. utting speed varies from a ma@imum at the periphery of the tool to 'ero at the center of the tool thus varying the load on the cutting edges. ,oth chip rejection and flow of the cutting fluid are restricted in drilling. In addition the production of small deep holes can create problems with respect to the necessary rigidity of the tools. utting tools for drilling are rotary end cutting tools having one or more cutting lips and one or more helical or straight flutes for the passage of the chips and the admission of
15
the cutting fluid. $he most common are helical fluted twist drills with various shanks and tip geometries. -ther types include half8round coolant8hole spade and inde@able insert drills. Hundrills pressure8coolant drills and trepanning tools are used e@tensively for precision and deep hole operations. Fo8called pivot drills are used for small holes. *rilling is a comple@ three8dimensional cutting operation with conditions varying along the entire cutting edge. ;hile the outer edge of the drill produces chips by shearing workpiece material under the chisel edge of the tool is subject to more severe deformation thus re(uiring greater thrust forces. hip thickness which varies with the feed rate also has a major influence on the chip formation. Increasing the feed in turn the chip thickness minimi'es the possibility of the flute clogging from coiled chips. Ma@imum feed however is limited by the structural strength of the drill and the capacity of the machine. $he accuracy of any hole produced by drilling depends upon many factors like the type of the drilling process the workpiece the tool and the machine used operating parameters and the rigidity of the setup. )ccuracy is also dependent upon the sharpness and the geometry of the drill point. *rilling has little effect on the physical properties of the workpiece. $here is a thin layer of highly stressed material around the drilled hole which is often removed the surfaces may be more susceptible to corrosion. lamping of workpieces for drilling may also result in distortion. Milling: Milling
is a basic machining process by which a surface is generated
progressively by the removal of chips from a workpiece fed into a rotating cutter in a direction perpendicular to the a@is of the cutter. It is indispensable for the manufacture of parts of non8rotational symmetry. In nearly all cases a multiple tooth cutter is used so that the material removal rate is high. -ften the desired surface is obtained in a single pass of the cutter or work and because very good surface finish can be obtained milling is particularly well suited to and widely used for mass8production work. Feveral types of milling machines are used ranging from relatively simple and versatile machines that are used for general purpose machining in job shops and tool8and8die work to highly speciali'ed machines for mass production. n(uestionably milling than any other
16
machining process produces more flat surfaces. $he cutting tool used in milling is known as a milling cutter. Milling operation can be classified into two broad categories called peripheral milling and face milling. In peripheral milling the surface is generated by teeth located on the periphery of the cutter body. $he surface is parallel with the a@is of rotation of the cutter. ,oth flat and formed surfaces can be produced by this method the cross section of the resulting surface corresponding to the a@ial contour of the cutter. $his process is often called slap milling and is usually performed on hori'ontal spindle machines. In face milling and end milling the generated surface is at right angles to the cutter a@is. Most of the cutting is done by the peripheral portions of the teeth with the face portions providing some finishing action. Cace milling is done on both hori'ontal8spindle and vertical8spindle machines. In milling surfaces can be generated by two distinctly different methodsA up milling and down milling. up milling is the traditional way to mill and is called conventional milling. $he cutter rotates against the direction of the workpiece. In climb or down milling the rotation is in the same direction as the feed. $he method of chip formation is completely different in the two cases. In up milling the chip is very thin at the beginning and increases in thickness becoming a ma@imum where the tooth leaves the work. In down milling ma@imum chip thickness occurs close to the point at which the tooth contacts the work. ,ecause the relative motion tends to pull the workpiece into the cutter any possibility of looseness in the table feed screw must be eliminated if down milling is to be used. It should never be attempted on machines that are not designed for this type of milling.
17
Sa*ing: Fawing
is a cutting operation in which the cutting tool is a blade having a
series of small teeth with each tooth removing a small amount of material. $his process is used for all metallic and nonmetallic materials that are machinable by other cutting processes and is capable of producing various shapes. ,ecause sections of considerable si'e can be severed from the workpiece with the removal of only small amount of the material in the form of chips sawing is probably the most economical of the basic machining processes with respect to the waste of material and power consumption and in many cases with respect to labor. Filing: ,asically the metal8removing action in filing is the same as in sawing in that
chips are removed by cutting teeth that are arranged in succession along the same plane on the surface of a tool called a file. $here are two differencesA #1% the chips are very small and therefore the cutting action is slow and easily controlled and #!% the cutting teeth are much wider. onse(uently fine and accurate work can be done. 1OININ, OPERATIONS
,a! Metal Arc 2el&ing:
Has metal arc welding #HM);% formerly known as MIH
welding #for metal inert8gas% was a logical outgrowth of gas tungsten arc welding. $he process is similar but the arc is now maintained between the workpiece and an automatically fed consumable wire electrode. )rgon helium and mi@tures of the two can be used for welding virtually any metal they are used primarily with the nonferrous metals. In welding steel some - ! or -! is usually added to improve the arc stability and reduce weld spatter. $he cheaper - ! can be used alone in welding steel provided that a deo@idi'ing electrode wire is employed. $he specific shielding gases can have considerable effect on the nature of metal transfer from the electrode to the work and also affect the heat transfer behavior penetration and tendency for undercutting #weld pool e@tending laterally beneath the surface of the base metal%. Feveral types of electronic controls can be used to alter the
18
waveform of the current. $his makes it possible to control the mechanism of metal transfer from drops to spray to short8circuiting drops. Fome of these variations include pulsed arc welding #HM);8+% short8circuiting arc welding #HM);8F% and spray transfer welding #HM);8F$%. ,uried arc welding #HM);8,% is another variation in which carbon dio@ide8 rich gas is used and the arc is buried in its own crater. Has metal arc welding is fast and economical because there is no fre(uent changing of electrodes as with stick8type electrodes. In addition there is no slag formed over the weld the process can be readily automated and if done manually the welding head is relatively light and compact. ) reverse8polarity * arc is generally used because of its deep penetrated spray transfer and smooth welds with good profile. +rocess variables include type of current current magnitude shielding gas type of metal transfer electrode diameter electrode composition electrode stickout #e@tension beyond the gun% welding speed welding voltage and arc length. ) number of industrial robots are now available to perform gas metal arc welding. $o function properly however the computer electronics of these robots must be shielded from the high8fre(uency interference of the welding process. Spot 2el&ing:
Fpot welding is making spots between two pieces of metal without
re(uiring access to both sides of the joint. $he duration of arcing is automatically timed so that the two workpieces are heated sufficiently to form an acceptable spot weld. $he depth and si'e of the weld nugget are controlled by the amperage time and type of shielding gas
FINISHIN, OPERATIONS
19
San& .la!ting: In
sand blasting the abrasive is carried by an air stream or water
stream and strikes the surface at a high velocity. It removes scale burrs8light fins and rust. $he abrasive is propelled by paddles which throw the grit onto the work either by centrifugal action or by a blast of air which picks up the abrasive and carries it through the pipe or hose on through a no''le. $his process economically cleans castings and welded steel parts. Han& (Man"al) De%"rring: It
is an operation in which a handled deburring tool is
used or in which a handled part is placed against a fi@tured tool. &and deburring is still used e@tensively eventhough it is slow labor intensive and costly and often provides less consistent results than desired. )dvantages of hand deburring include the versatility of the process and minimal capital investment. ,rin&ing: Hrinding
is a chip removal process and the cutting tool is an individual
abrasive grain. $he major differences between grain and single8point cutting tool actions are that individual grains have irregular shapes and are spaced randomly along the periphery of the whell. $he average rake angle of the grains is highly negative. Each abrasive grain removes a small chip. $hese chips are much smaller than those obtained in metal cutting operations in general. Curthermore because of deformation the actual chip will be shorter and thicker than the calculated values. ,ecause of small dimensions involved forces in grinding are much smaller than those in cutting operations. Hrinding forces should be kept low in order to avoid distortion and to maintain dimensional accuracy of the workpiece.
MACHINES IN THE MACHINESHOP
20
#$he technical information of the machines are given at )ppendi@% .ay3al ,"illotine:
$his is a very simple cutting machine. It is very simple to use
and control. In the machineshop it is used for cutting small and thin sheet materials. It has a hand8operated arm. .ay3al .en&ing .ra3e:
$his bending brake is usually used to form sheet
materials. nlike the other bending brakes it can be used for (uite large si'e sheets. It has immediate and very simple control. $his bending brake can carry out forming and straightening. )lso it is very rigid accurate and rapid. Moreover it has a fi@ed bottom beam a return tonnage a long stroke and a great distance between top8beam and bottom8beam. Aciera ET4 Preci!ion Tapping Mac$ine O $his is
a precision tapping machine that
is suitable for sensitive small tapping work and has a sensitive clutch that enables the machine to be used in micro mechanics. $he spindle driven via a two8step pulley is running in bron'e bearings. $he machine has an adjustable tapping depth and the tapping device operates by means of friction cone couplings. $hese couplings can be adjusted fle@ibly so that it can also be used for making precision components and clock making. $he top of the machine can be swiveled between column and motor in this way the base can be used as a second table. $he driving motor can be moved on the based to tighten the belt. $he additional technical data is given in )ppendi@ ,. Aciera 54 T5E Sen!iti'e Drilling Mac$ine: $his
machine is a small high speed
machine consists of an upright standard a hori'ontal table and a vertical spindle for holding and rotating the drill. $he machine is usually hand8fed by means of a rack and pinion drive on the sleeve holding the rotating spindle. $he machine is driven by vibration free polyfle@ belts. It is ideal for precision drilling and tapping of light works. Sa$in Uprig$t Drilling Mac$ine:
$his machine is a precision drilling and tapping
machine that is designed to be used in heavier work with respect to the sensitive drilling
21
Machine. It is driven by an adjustably B8belt variator and reduction gearbo@. $he depth stop can be adjusted. Fi@ automatic drilling feeds for this type enables (uick change of the tools. Te!an MAS 567 S 8at$e:
$his machine is used to generate forms by removing
material with one single8point cutting tool. It can make several different operations like drilling reaming boring tapping and grinding by using some accessories and attachments. $he cutting tool both transverses the a@is of the workpiece revolution and an angle to that a@is. 0n"t$ Trolc"t 94 C6;94A CNC 8at$e:
$his kind of machines are applied in the
industry because of their capabilities for increasing productivity reducing the cost of the machined parts and providing more production fle@ibility. $hey enable faster setups reduced tool changing re(uirements and increased utili'ation in turn higher productivity. &igher horse power spindle speeds and feed rates cause faster metal removal rates. $he availability of more tools minimi'es tool changing re(uirements and often reduces or eliminates the need for preliminary or secondary operations. Hreater accuracy repeatability and reliability of the machine has improved the (uality of the parts produced. .ri&geport
$his milling machine has three movements
afforded by the knee saddle and table. )lso the table can be swiveled with respect to the saddle. $he versatility of the machine allows the milling head to be moved into any position relative to the table and workpiece. ) second head mounted on the opposite end of the ram could be used by rotating the turret through 1<"R it can machine an area larger than the table. Ma@imum strength and rigidity under cut is ensured by the construction of the major castings and the e@tra wide slideways. $he independent motor drive enables the head to be fitted to other conventional milling machines and special purpose machine tools. It has also a &eidenhain !8a@es digital read8out system.
22
0n"t$ MFI CNC Milling Mac$ine:
$his machine provides controls for two a@es
N #S a@es manual%. It can make drilling tapping milling. It has (uite more accurate results than the ,ridgeport milling machines. Uay 44 Sa*ing Mac$ine:
It is used for cutting thick materials. It is easy to use
and control. It has wide range of use. $his sawing machine can cut several types of materials. $he table including the the cutting speed of the machine is given at )ppendi@. Uay UM-; Sa*ing Mac$ine:
It is much smaller than 'ay 33" but it is easy to
use and control. It is used for cutting small plates bars and other small sectioned materials. =ero San& .la!ting Mac$ine:
$his machine is one of the machines that make
finishing operations in the machineshop. Fand granules are used to clean the surface of the workpiece. $he surface finishing of all previously machined workpieces is made at that machine. Cinally these workpieces are send to the (uality check. Do"%le ,rin&ing Mac$ine:
$his machine has two grinding wheels. -ne is used for
rough surfaces. $he other is used for more thin surfaces.
SAMP8E 2OR0PIECES S"pport Fi>t"re
23
$he support fi@ture is a test fi@ture to hold energy8meter used in &ekos project of )selsan. $he material used in production of fi@ture is aluminum. $he first operation cutting was done in 'ay 33" sawing machine. $hen in ,ridgeport vertical milling machine the e@ternal boundaries of the fi@ture was machined. )fter this process the workpiece was sent to the nuth MCI 0 milling machine to machine the inner part of the work. )lso the fillet of the inner surface was done in nuth 0 milling machine with 21"mm milling tool. Moreover in nuth 0 milling machine the outer chamfer and the corner section of the workpiece were machined. Cinally deburring and sand blasting in Sero sand blasting machine were applied to the surface of the workpiece. )t the end of all processes the machined fi@ture was sent to the Guality *epartment to ensure that the workpiece was correctly machined due to the dimensions. )fter (uality check the support fi@ture was put in production. Hol&ing Fi>t"re
$he holding fi@ture is again a test fi@ture used in &ekos fi@ture. It is used to hold the targeting plate of the project. $he holding fi@ture is made from 3 stainless steel. $he part was again cut in 'ay 33" sawing machine to get the needed section of the steel. $he important operation of this workpiece was applied in nuth $rolcut 43" /!43) 0 lathe. In this machine the e@ternal cylindrical surface was obtained. $hen the workpiece was sent to the Fahin upright drilling machine to machine the internal details. $he hole was drilled in that machine. )fter this operation the workpiece was sent to the )ciera E$3 precision tapping machine. $he tap drill was drilled in this machine and also the threads were opened with M4 tap. Cinally deburring and sand blasting operations were applied to the fi@ture. )t the end of all these processes the holding fi@ture were sent to the Guality *epartment. If department will approve the documents of the fi@ture fi@ture will put in use.
24
A&apter Plate
$he adapter plate is used in the project of II.generation $hermal Hunner Fights. It is a general8purpose device. $he material used was )luminum /"/1. Crom a small block of aluminum the proper part was cut in 'ay 33" sawing machine. $hen the workpiece was sent to the ,ridgeport vertical milling machine to machine the e@ternal part of the fi@ture. )lso in ,ridgeport vertical milling machine the surface was cleaned and the accurate e@ternal dimensions were obtained. In ,ridgeport milling machine the chamfers were made. )fter the milling operation the fi@ture was sent to the )ciera 13 $1E sensitive drilling machine to machine the holes. $he 2/mm hole was drilled in that machine. $he ne@t operation was tapping and this operation was applied in )ciera E$3 precision tapping machine. Cirst the tap drill was opened and then M1" thread was opened. )gain the workpiece was sent to the Sero sand blasting machine for cleaning the surface. Cinally the adapter fi@ture was sent to the Guality *epartment. .a!e Plate
$he base plate is used to calibrate the MM. $he base plate holds the master blocks to be measured by the MM. In the production of the base plate aluminum /"/1 was used. $he first operation is cutting in 'ay 33" sawing machine. $hen the workpiece was sent to the ,ridgeport vertical milling machine to obtain the correct thickness and the other e@ternal dimensions. $he ne@t machine was $e'san M)F 1/5 F lathe. In the $e'san lathe the cylindrical part was machined with a single point cutting tool. )fter this process workpiece was again sent to ,ridgeport Bertical milling machine for marking the centers of the holes. )fter marking plate was sent to Fahin upright drilling machine to open the 21"mm drill to the cylindrical part. $hen the 23.5mm and 2!.5mm drills were opened in
25
)ciera 13 $1E drilling machine. $he last operation was again deburring and sand blasting in Sero sand blasting machine. Cinally as in all workpieces the base plate was sent to the Guality *epartment. 8en! Hol&ing Fi>t"re
$he lens holding fi@ture is used in again &ekos project of )selsanTs MHEdivision. $he )luminum /"/1 block is used in production. $he aluminum block was first cut in 'ay 33" sawing machine. $hen it was sent to ,ridgeport vertical milling machine to machine the e@ternal surfaces and the radial details#with 2< drill%. $he workpiece was mounted to the $e'san M)F 1/5 F lathe. $he outer cylindrical part was machined in that lathe. )gain in ,ridgeport vertical milling machine the marking of the centers were applied. $he ne@t machine is Fahin upright drilling machine. In this machine !"mm was drilled. $hen the fi@ture was sent to the )ciera 13 $1E sensitive drilling machine. $he /mm and M5 were drilled in this machine. Cinally the finishing operations deburring and sand blasting were applied to the workpiece. $hen the lens holding fi@ture was sent to the Guality *epartment.
COST ANA8YSIS OF SAMP8E 2OR0PIECES
26
27
CONC8USION
$he summer practice program for mechanical engineering has a great importance for third year students. $he theoretical knowledge of the student is improved with the practical applications of these learnt in previous lectures. )nother advantage of ME3"" summer practice program is the relationships between the engineers technicians workers and students. $he students become more familiar to the working ambiance and the working life of the company. $he first thing learned is the working principles of the company. )lso the duties and the responsibilities of the engineers in the +roduction Engineering *epartment. $he 28
procedures of design production documentation etc. are easily inspected during this summer practice program in the company. $he machineshop of the factory is also useful for me. In this machineshop I saw the working of some machines. )lso I saw the machining of the workpieces in this machines. I got detailed informations about the working principles of them. ,y the help of the technicians I learned the critical parameters of the machines. In addition to this the production of a workpiece from the selection of the material to the necessary modifications done from the selection of the machines and cutting tools to the workers performance from the routings prepared to the (uality controls done and from the transportation to the marketing. Moreover during this summer practice program I improved my MF -ffice knowledge and also I learned a )* program called )uto)* 2814. It is the most widely used one in the company. )uto)* is used in almost all designs. It is an easy method to create some complicated drawings. $he maintenance and production division is a new division for )selsan. ,ecause of this the machines in machineshop are not so good but enough for small si'ed productions in the company. $he machines also the 0 machines can be improved in order to increase the production
29
APPENDI? 8IST OF THE MACHINES
Name
o#
t$eN"m%er
mac$ine
,aykal
Name
o#
t$eN"m%er
mac$ine
cutting 1
'ay 33" sawing 1
machine ,aykal bending 1
machine ,ridgeport milling 3
machine )ciera
machine Sero
E$3 1
tapping machine
sand 1
blasting machine
30
)ciera
13$IE 1
,aykal
spot 1
drilling machine Fahin upright 1
welding machine 'ay M8! 1
drilling machine $e'san engine 1
sawing machine
lathe nuth
$rolcut 1
0 lathe nuth MCI 0 1 milling machine
TECHNICA8 INFORMATION OF THE MACHINES
Aciera ET4 Preci!ion Tapping Mac$ine •
$apping depth.................................................................!4mm
•
*iameter of spindle.........................................................1!mm
•
ollet chuck#shank diameter%............................................/mm
•
Fpindle speeds....#at 14""rpm motor%........................1!5" rpm #at !<""rpm motor%........................!5""rpm
•
Motor performance....#at 14""rpm%...............................".1
•
0et weight........................................................................!
Aciera 54 T5E Sen!iti'e Drilling Mac$ine •
$otal travel........................................................1""mm #3.64??% 31
•
*rilling depth................................................."8/"mm #"8!.3/??%
•
2apid approach stroke.........................!58<"mm #".6
•
;orking feed rate...................................................."83.5mDmin
•
2apid approach rate......................................................5mDmin
•
Ma@imum drilling capacity #45 ton steel%..........................13mm
•
+ressure on the drill..................................................3"da0Dbar
•
Minimum clearance between two drilling heads..........3!"mm
•
Motor.........................................................14""rpm and "./&+ !<""rpm and ".6&+
•
Fi@ spindle speeds between.................................35"85"""rpm
""81""""rpm
•
Felf clamping drill chuck capacity................................1813mm
•
ey tightening chuck capacity...................................".5813mm
Sa$in Uprig$t Drilling Mac$ine •
*rilling capacity in /""da0DmmU......................................3!mm
•
$apping capacity in /""da0DmmU.......................................M1<
•
Guill stroke....................................................................!""mm
•
Guill diameter................................................................../5mm
•
*rilling head travel.........................................................3""mm
•
Motor #$hree8phase%..........................................VV..14""rpm
•
Motor power..........................................................VV...!.!k;
•
Fpindle speeds with reduction
[email protected]"85/"rpm in direct drive...............................!583/""rpm
•
sable table surface..............................................3!"W/""mm
•
;eight ........................................................VVVVV..4"kg
32
0n"t$ Trolc"t 94 C6;94A CNC 8at$e
Heneral apacity •
Fwing over badVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV43"mm
•
Fwing over gapVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV//"mm
•
Fwing over cross slideVVVVVVVVVVVVVV!"mm
•
*istance between centersVVVVVVVVVVVV1"""mm
Main Fpindle •
$ype of spindle noseVVVVVVVVVVVV..*18/ or )18/
•
Main spindle boreVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV...5
•
$aper of spindle boreVVVVVVVVVVVVV...M.$.0-./
•
$aper of centerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..M.$.0-.4
•
Fpindle speedsVVVVVVVVVVV.5"81<""rpm 1! steps
arriage •
ross slide travelVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..!15mm
•
ompound rest travelVVVVVVVVVVVVVV...1!5mm
•
Ma@imum si'e cutting toolVVVVVVVVVV.!5mmW!5mm
$ailstock •
Fpindle diameterVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.5
•
Fpindle travelVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV 15"mm
•
$aper of centerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV...M.$.0-.4
,ed •
,ed lengthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV1
•
,ed widthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV33"mm
•
,ed heightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.3""mm
+ower •
Main drive motorVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV5.5kw
•
oolant pump motorVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV6"w
;eight and overall dimensions •
Cloor dimensionVVVVVVVVVVVVV.!!4"W1"""mm
•
)ppro@imate weightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV1/""kg
•
+acking measurementVVVVVVVVVV...#m%!.3W1."W1.5
.ri&geport
Ftroke around 8a@isVVVVVVVVV/5mm#power feed% VVVVVVVV./"mm#manual feed%
•
Ftroke around
[email protected]"5mm
•
Ftroke around
[email protected]"5mm
•
Ma@imum spindle speedVVVVVVVVVVVV.35"rpm
•
$able si'eVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV1"/5mmW!3"mm
Te!an MAS 567 S 8at$e •
•
•
*iameter admitted above bedVVVVVVVVVVV5""mm above support VV!"mm#on the support% *istance between the centersVVVVVVVVVVV5""mm
34
•
Fpindle speedVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV!!81<""rpm
•
0umber of revolution of feed rodVVVVVVVVVVVV.13
•
0et weightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.!5"kg
•
Motor powerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..5.5kw
Uay 44 Sa*ing Mac$ine •
Fawing capacityVVVVVVVVVVVV#circular%!<"mm
#rectangular%!5"W!<"mm
#s(uare%!/"W!/"mm
•
Faw lengthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.!5W".6W3//"mm
•
Fawing speedsVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV#5%!18<4mDmin
•
Main motor powerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1.1kw
•
&ydraulic motor powerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV".1
•
+enetration motor powerVVVVVVVVVVVVVV".1
•
ooling pumpVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV...".1!kw
•
*imensionsVVVVVVVVVVVVV..16""W135"W1!""mm
•
;eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV5""kg
0n"t$ MFI CNC Milling Mac$ine •
$able dimensionsVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..1!!"W!3"mm
•
Motions @8D y8a@esVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV
•
MillVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.FDIF- 3"
•
Ceed MotionVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV"8/""mmDmin
•
&igh speed motionVVVVVVVVVVVVVma@. !"""mDmin
•
+ositioning tolerancesVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV."."4mm
35
•
Motion lengthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1"84/mm
•
Main motor powerVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV!.!kw
•
*imensions #&W;W%VVVVVVVVVV.!"<
•
;eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV1"""kg
.ay3al .en&ing Mac$ine •
;ork lengthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1!""mm
•
Fheet thicknessVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1.5mm
•
engthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..13<"mm
•
;idthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1"""mm
•
&eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..6<"mm
•
;eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..1!"kg
.ay3al ,"illotine •
Ma@imum sheet thicknessVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1.5mm
•
;ork lengthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV1"4"mm
•
$able dimensionsVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV../""W13""mm
•
FupportVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.."8/""mm
•
&eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.15""mm
•
;idthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV...1"""mm
•
engthVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..13""mm
36
•
;eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV..5""kg
Do"%le ,rin&ing Mac$ine •
Motor #!!"v%VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.!5";
•
*iscVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV15"W!"W!5
•
pMVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV3"""
•
;eightVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV.1".5kg
37
