NOMBRE: ZAMBRANA VELASCO PAULA PAULA GABRIELA CARRERA: INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL MATERIA: LABORATORIO DE FISICOQUIMICA GRUPO: JUEVES 12:00-2:15
DETERMINACION DE PESOS MOLECULARES A PARTIR DE LA DNSIDAD DE UNA SUSTANCIA SU STANCIA EN ESTADO DE VAPOR VAPOR
INTRODUCCION: Con l !"#$"%n&% '()&") *ll(%+o! %l '%!o +ol%)$l( ,%l )lo(oo(+o .C/CL +%,"n&% ,o! +%&o,o!: %l +&o,o ,% D$+! 3 %l +&o,o ,% V")&o( M%3%(
El +%&o,o D$+! !% )()&%("4 'o( !%( $n $ n +&o,o +! ,"(%)&o '%(o no ,% l& '(%!")"on En lo! ,o! +&o,o! +%n)"on,o! n%)%)"&(%+o! ,% l &%+'%(&$( l '(%!"on ,&o! ,%l +%," +%,"o o '(o' '(o'o( o(!" !"on on,o ,o!! 'o( 'o( ASANA SANA .*$+ .*$+%, %,, , (%l (%l&" &"6 6 '(%! '(%!"o "on n &+o &+o! !%( %(") ") 3 l &%+'%(&$( +7"%n&% %!&o! ,&o! ,%7%(8n !%( o7&%n",o! %n l *o( ,% (%l"4)"9n ,%l %'%("+%n&o '( o7&%n%( +%;o(%! (%!$l&,o!< OBJETIVOS D%&% D%&%(+ (+"n "n( ( %l '%!o '%!o +ol% +ol%)$ )$l l(( ,% ,% !$! !$!& &n) n)" "! ! %+'l %+'l% %n, n,o o lo! lo! +&o +&o,o ,o!! ,% ,% ,$+ ,$+! ! 3 6")&o( +%3%( A'(%n,%( +n%;( n$%6 $%6o! +&% &%("l%! ,% l7o(&o("o )on lo! $!o! 3 )$",, ,,o! (%!'%)&"6o! Co+' Co+'( (( ( lo! lo! (%! (%!$l $l& &,o ,o!! o7&% o7&%n" n",o ,o!! 'o( 'o( lo! lo! ,o! ,o! +&o +&o,o ,o! ! '( '( 6%(" 6%("" ") )(( )$l )$l ,% ,% lo! lo! ,o! +&o,o! no! '(o'o()"on +3o( '(%)"!"9n MARCO TEORICO %l )on) )on)%'& %'&o o ,% +! +! +ol% +ol%)$ )$l l(( %! !"n9n !"n9n"+ "+o o l ,% '%!o '%!o +ol% +ol%)$ )$l l( ( =$% =$% %! l !$+ !$+&o &o(" (" ,% lo! lo! '%!o '%!o!! &9+ &9+") ")o! o! =$% )o+'on )o+'on%n %n l 9(+ 9(+$l $l +ol% +ol%)$l )$l( ( ,% $n )"%( )"%(&o &o )o+'$%!&o< )o+'$%!&o< En l )&$l",, )&$l",, ,% &o,! o(+! o(+! !% $&"l"4 $&"l"4 l no)"9n ,% +! +ol%)$l( 3 no l ,% '%!o +ol%)$l(<
L +! +ol%)$l( %n o&(! 'l7(! %! l !$+ ,% l! +!! &9+")! %n $n +ol)$l< P( )l)$l(l %! n%)%!("o !7%( l! +!! &9+")! ,% ), $no ,% lo! %l%+%n&o! =$% o(+n '(&% ,%l )o+'$%!&o< A l *o( ,% %%)&$( l )"&, !$+ %! "+'o(&n&% =$% !%'+o! =$% !" l! )"(! ,%)"+l%! !on !$'%("o(%! l 05 %n&on)%! %l n>+%(o +8!")o lo =$% *(8 !%(8 '(o"+(!% l $n",, %n&%( =$% l% !"#< E!&o lo 'o,%+o! )o+'(o7( o %;%+'l"")( )on %l n>+%(o )o((%!'on,"%n&% ,%l o?#%no =$% 6%+o! =$% %! 15@@@ lo =$% !$'on% =$% l "nl !% %!&7l%4) =$% ,")*o n>+%(o %! %l 1< Co+%n4n,o 'o( $no ,% lo! l,o! ,% l 9(+$l *3 =$% +$l&"'l")( %l !$7?n,")% ,% ), %l%+%n&o 'o( l +! &9+") ,%l +"!+o< Un 6%4 )o+'l%&,! &o,! l! +$l&"'l"))"on%! !% ,%7%n !$+( lo! (%!$l&,o! 3 ,% %! +n%( !% o7&"%n% l +! +ol%)$l( %'(%!, %n $n",,%! ,% +! &9+") .$+< L +! +ol%)$l( )o"n)",% %n n>+%(o )on l +! +ol( $n=$% !% &(& ,% )o!! ,"%(%n&%!< L +! +ol%)$l( no! '%(+"&% )ono)%( l +! ,% $n +ol)$l +"%n&(! =$% l +! +ol( (%l%; l +! ,% $n +ol ,% )o+'$%!&o< En %l )!o ,% l +! +ol( &%n%+o! =$% ,%&%(+"n( =$% %"!&%n ,"6%(!! )l!%! ,% %ll< A!? no! %n)on&(+o! )on l +! +ol( ,% lo! )o+'$%!&o! l ,% lo! %l%+%n&o! o l ,%l '(o+%,"o ,% +%4)l!< To+%+o! %l %;%+'lo ,% l +! +ol%)$l( ,%l #$< L 9(+$l =$?+") %! /20: ,o! 8&o+o! ,% *",(9#%no 3 $no ,% o?#%no< L +! &9+") ,%l *",(9#%no %! 1 $+ +"%n&(! =$% l +! &9+") ,%l o?#%no %! 1 $+< L +! +ol%)$l( ,%l #$ 'o( lo &n&o %! .2 1 $+ 1 $+ 1 $+< MATERIALES: -
/o(n"ll Blon D$+!.)'"l( /2O Clo(oo(+o C/CL Bln4 nl"&") Bln4 !%+"-nl"&") Cl"7(,o( V%"n%( So'o(&% $n"6%(!l V!o '(%!"'"&,o /2O 2 +")(o-&$7o! Un +no+%&(o M%)*%(o ")*%( P"n4 )on No%!
DESARROLLO EXPERIMENTAL Método de Dumas:
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P%!( %l 7l9n ,% D$+!< In&(o,$)"( '(o"+,+%n&% 0<5+l ,% )lo(oo(+o =$% %! %l l"=$",o 6ol8&"l< S$+%(#"( %l 7l9n %n $n 7o ,% #$ )l%n&( %l 7o *!& %7$ll")"9n 3 ,%;( %6'o(( )o+'l%&+%n&% %l )lo(oo(+o< S%ll( (8'",+%n&% l '$n& ,%l )'"l( ,% D$+! )on $n +%)*%(o< Ano&( l &%+'%(&$( ,%l 7o ,% #$ S%ll( l '$n& ,%l )'"l( ,% ,$+! )on $n +%)*%(o S)( %l 7l9n ,%l 7o ,% #$ !%)( 3 '%!(< Ro+'%( l '$n& ,%l )'"l( %n;$#( %l 7l9n )on #$ ,%!&"l, ll%n( %l 7l9n )on #$ ,%!&"l, 3 '%!(< Ano&( l &%+'%(&$( ,%l #$ ,%!&"l, 3 %n &7l! o7&%n%(%l ,&o ,% l ,%n!",, ,%l #$ Con l! +! n&%("o(%! )l)$l( l +! ,%l #$ )on&%n", %n %l 7l9n ,% ,$+!< Con l ,%n!",, 3 l +! ,%l #$ ,%&%(+"n( %l 6ol$+%n ,% #$ )on&%n", %n %l 7l9n ,% ,$+! =$% )o((%!'on,% l 6ol$+%n ,%l 7l9n ,% ,$+! 6ol$+%n ,%l "(%o l 6ol$+%n ,%l )lo(oo(+o Con lo! ,&o! ,% &%+'%(&$( +7"%n&% '(%!"9n 7(o+&(") 3 *$+%,, (%l&"6 %n &7l! 3 %n ,"#(+! ,%&%(+"n( %l 6lo( ,% l ,%n!",, ,%l "(% 3 )l)$l( l '(%!"9n 7(o+&(") )o((%#",< Con l ,%n!",, 3 %l 6ol$+%n ,%l "(% ,%&%(+"n( l +! ,%l "(%< Cl)$l( l +! ,%l 6'o( ,% l +$%!&( ,% Clo(oo(+o )on!",%(n,o l +! ,%l "(%< Cl)$l( l ,%n!",, ,% l +$%!&( ,% Clo(oo(+o< Cl)$l( %l '%!o +ol%)$l( ,%l l"=$",o 6ol8&"l &(6! ,% l %)$)"9n ,% B%(&*%lo&< Co+'(% %l '%!o +ol%)$l( %'%("+%n&l )on %l '%!o +ol%)$l( &%9(")o ,% l +$%!&(<
Método de Victor Meyer:
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A(+( %l '(&o ,% V")&o( M%3%(< In&(o,$)"( #$ ,%!&"l, %n %l +n9+%&(o &(6%4 ,%l %+7$,o % "#$l( lo! n"6%l%! ,% #$< In&(o,$)"( #$ %n %l &$7o %&%(no ,% V")&o( M%3%( 3 )l%n&( %7$ll")"9n< P%!( $n +")(o &$7o ,% %n!3o )on !$ &' ,% #o+< In&(o,$)"( l +$%!&( ,% )lo(oo(+o %n %l +")(o &$7o *!& '(o"+,+%n&% 1 ,% !$ 6ol$+%n &'( 3 !%)(< Cl)$l( l +! ,%l )lo(oo(+o<
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C$n,o %l #$ %!&% *"(6"%n,o %n %l &$7o %&%(no ,% V")&o( M%3%( "n&(o,$)"( %l +")(o &$7o ,%n&(o ,% l )8+( ,% 6'o("4)"9n 3 &'( "n+%,"&+%n&%< S% '(o,$)% l 6'o("4)"9n ,% l +$%!&( 3 %l ,%!'l4+"%n&o ,% $n 6ol$+%n ,% "(% %n %l +n9+%&(o< L%%( l l&$( ,%!'l4, )l)$l( %l 6ol$+%n =$% )o((%!'on,% l 6ol$+%n ,%l 6'o( ,% )lo(oo(+o< D%&%(+"n( %l Vol$+%n ,%l 6'o( Cl)$l( l ,%n!",, ,%l )lo(oo(+o< Cl)$l( %l '%!o +ol%)$l( Co+'(% %l '%!o +ol%)$l( %'%("+%n&l )on %l '%!o +ol%)$l( &%9(")o ,% l +$%!&( ,% )lo(oo(+o<
RESULTADOS Y CALCULOS MÉTODO DE DUMAS
E)$)"9n .1 '( %l )&o( ,% )o((%))"on%! 9∗ P∗Tc
F7 1
128∗ Pc∗Teb
(
∗
1−
6∗Tc
Teb
2
2
)
E)$)"9n .2 (%l '( %n)on&(( '%!o +ol%)$l(
δ ∗ R∗T ∗ Fb PM P D&o!: + 1+! ,%l 7l9n +! ,%l "(%0<2H5#( + 2+! ,%l 7l9n +! ,%l )lo(oo(+o0<@H2#( + +! ,%l 7l9n +! ,%l #$1@@<2#( T %7$ll")"on@1C P &+ H51<2++/# 0<@&+ T25C /$+< R%l< HK P) 5&+ T)5< V /2O V "(%V+$%!&( M #$+-+11@<1H #(
δ #$.25C0<@H05#(+l V#$+ #$ δ #$.25C1<5+l0<1H L Po( &7l! P"(% 1<25 F1 F0
δ cloroformo =
0.8749 0.147
=5.95 gr / L
9∗743.69∗536.4
F7 1
128∗41040∗364
(
∗
1−
6∗536.4 2
364
2
)
F70<@HH 5.95∗62.4∗364
PM
743.69
∗0.9774 =177.62 g / mol
E((o(5<K METODO DE VICTOR MEYER
E)$)"9n .1 '( %l )&o( ,% )o((%))"on%!
9∗ P∗Tc
F7 1
128∗ Pc∗Teb
(
∗
1−
6∗Tc
Teb
)
2
2
E)$)"9n .2 (%l '( %n)on&(( '%!o +ol%)$l(
δ ∗ R∗T ∗ Fb PM P D&o!: + 1+ +")(o&$7o0<2@2#( + 2+ +")(o&$7o + )lo(oo(+o 0<5#( + )lo(oo(+o+ 2-+ 1 0<11@#( P+7 52 ++/# /R K TC P) 100 ++/# T) 5 PP&+ - P6' P52 H<@ 55<02 ++/# δcloroformo +60<11@510-2221 #(L V #! π
−2
2
r ∗h=5.4 x 10
9∗554.02∗536.4
F7 1
128∗41040∗319
2.21∗62.4∗319
PM
554.02
E((o( <52K
(
∗ 1−
6∗536.4 319
2
2
)
0<@5
∗0.985 =78.25 gr / mol
CONCLUCION - P( %l +&o,o ,% ,$+! %l %'%("+%n&o no $% lo %!'%(,o 3 =$% $% 5<K 3 *$7o 7!&n&% %((o( lo )$l )o"n)",% )on l &%o(? 'o(=$% %!&% +&o,o %! %l +%no! %)&o '( *ll( %l '%!o +ol%)$l( ,% $n !$!&n)" 6ol8&"l =$% %l ,% V?)&o( M%3%(<
- El +&o,o ,% V?)&o( M%3%( no $% &n %%)&"6 3 =$% %l %((o( !"!&%+8&")o no '%(+"&"9 =$% !% o7&$6"%( $n (%!$l&,o )on $n %((o( +?n"+o< T+7"n %)&9 %n lo! )8l)$lo! %l *7%( &(7;,o )on ,o! +")(o &$7o! 3 %n $no ,% %llo! !% )olo)9 )lo(oo(+o +8! ,% 1 ,%l &$7o<
BIBLIOGRAFIA D%"n")"9n ,% +! +ol%)$l( - Q$ %! S"#n""),o 3 Con)%'&o *&&':,%"n")"on<,%+!+ol%)$l("442MSBC@;
