Curso de Caligrafia - Aula 05

Ldtrhmuàëh Dg stjj ju Dgst jubj bj mj mjrg rgnh nhss kh khdt dtld ldul ulmj mjmg mg és dh dhss ssjs js gxpblkjà÷gs g gxgrkîklhs gn kjbl`rjflj Shdmg Frjdkgsj. J Shdmg ì j kjbl`rjflj jrtîstlkj njls usjmj qujdmh j Njduskrltj dëh h ì. ]jncìn fjbjrgnhs j rgspglth mg hutrjs kjbl`rjfljs, nulth usjmjs dh pjssjmh. pjssj mh. Jldmj dgstj gtjpj mjrgnhs ldstruà÷gs jmlklhdjls shcrg js pgdjs g khdtjrgnhs un phukh mj elsthrlj mhs dñngrhs gn fhrnjs mg gskrltj. Dj `rj `rjfhb fhbh`l h`ljj jpr jprgsg gsgdtj dtjrgn rgnhs hs njl njlss unj jdêblsg gn prêtlkj g tghrljs mgskrltlvjs pjrj h sgu ush dh futurh. Hs trjcjbehs prêtlkhs gstëh bldmhs! Njls qujtrh su`gst÷gs pjrj vhká. Dëh prgkl prgklsjnhs sjnhs bgncr bgncrjr jr qug j sgqòá sgqòádklj dklj mhs gxgrkîklhs prêtlkhs ì1 jprgdmlzjmh mg trjàjmh gn rjsku rj skude deh? h? pr prln lngl glrh rh gx gxgr grkî kîklh klh gn kj kjmg mgrd rdld ldeh eh mg kjbl`rjflj? trjàjmh prûprlh (gn pjpgb subfltg) mjs pjutjs

pjrj un sg` sgùdmh udmh gxgr gxgrkîk kîklh lh g pjrj j tgr tgrkgl kglrj rj gtj gtjpj? pj? j khdfgkàëh mhs gxgrkîklhs dh kjmgrdh mjmh, dgstj jubj. ]gnhs gdtëh rgjbngdtg trás gtjpjs mg gxgrkîklhs gskrlths gn kjmj jubj. H trjàjmh ldlkljb ì fglth khn cjsg djs Mgfldlà÷gs g Ldstruà÷gs mg kjmj jubj. Gdsldjnhs Gdsldjnhs h trjàjmh mjs bgtrjs, dhs trás tlphs mg kjbl`rjflj, pjssh j pjssh, g vhká jprgdmg gn tghrlj g prêtlkj ngmljdtg thmhs hs gxgrkîklhs jkhdsgbejmhs. H trgldh ì mjmh gn fhrnj mg gxgr gx grkî kîklh klhs, s, qu qugg sëh ld ldlk lkljb ljbng ngdt dtgg kh khpl pljm jmhs hs dh kjmgrdldeh mg kjbl`rjflj g gn fhbejs mg subfltg, qug vhká ngsnh gxgkutj h trjàjmh mjs pjutjs. Yjrj rgvls÷gs g trgldh mhs gxgrkîklhs gn futurjs gtjpjs, vhká prûprlh gskhbegrê h ngbehr pjpgb g trjàjm t rjàjmhh mg m g pjutjs p jutjs.. Vjnhs ldlkljr njls un fjsg mg trjcjbeh tgûrlkh, prêtlkh g krljtlvh khn js prlnglrjs ldstruà÷gs shcrg j kjbl`rjflj `ûtlkj jbgnë, aê dgstj jubj.

J Kjbl`rjflj Mgfldlà÷gs g Ldstruà÷gs V Clkhs mg Ygdj Khdsgrvjàëh g Blnpgzj

Shdmg Frjdkgsj (khdtldujàëh)

FH]H : - Clkh mg pgdj.

J rgspglth mh trjàjmh mjs bgtrjs g pjutjs mgstg tlph mg kjbl`rjflj, dëh tgnhs njls djmj j jkrgskgdtjr dgstj quldtj jubj. Njdtgdej gn ngdtg thmj j tghrlj g tìkdlkj mjmj dj jubj jdtgrlhr. Ì phrìn, dgkgssêrlh g lnphrtjdtg, unj sgùdmj gtjpj mg gxgrk gxgrkîklhs îklhs prêtlkhs, prêtlkhs, jldmj gn Shdmg g lnphrtjdtgs ldstruà÷gs shcrg blnpgzj mhs clkhs mg pgdj. [hngdtg jpûs gstjs gxpblkjà÷gs, ì qug ldlkljrgnhs js ldstruà÷gs cêslkjs shcrg j dhssj ñbtln ñbt lnj j g nj njls ls sh shfls flstltlkj kjmj mj fh fhrn rnj j mg jr jrtg tg kj kjbl` bl`rê rêflflkj kj11 J @Û]LKJ JBGNË. Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

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Ldstltuth Wdlvgrsjb Crjslbglrh

Js pgdjs phssugn unj vlmj ñtlb njlhr hu ngdhr, mg jkhrmh khn h trjtjngdth qug rgkgcgn. Gdsldjnhs j vhká, khnh ldlkljbngdtg usjr unj pgdj dhvj ‒quglnjdmh„ h sgu vgrdlz pjrj thrdê-bj phrhsj, pjrj j gskrltj. J`hrj J`h rj vjn vjnhs hs gds gdsldj ldjrr-beg beg khn khnhh bln blnpêpê-bj bj g ùjrmê-bj DË D Ë H B JV JVG G [ W J [ Y G D J [ . Gbjs phmgn gdfgrruajr.

FH]H = - Mj cjsg mj pgdj, pjrj j suj phdtj, khn sujvlmjmg, [GN GD]HS]Ê-BJ.

FH]H 3 - Blnpg-js sgnprg khn pjpgb jcshrvgdtg (bgdàhs mg pjpgb hu pjpgb el`ládlkh).

FH]H 7 - Dëh fjàj nhvlngdths mg lmj g vhbtj, pjrj dëh mjdlflkjr h clkh (j phdtj) g dëh mglxjr rgsîmuhs mg pjpgb, prgshs é pgdj.

FH]H ; - Jpûs kjmj ush, blnpg-js gn nhvlngdths sujvgs g gn bldej rgtj.

@ujrmg js pgdjs gn bhkjb sgkh g jrgajmh, bhd`g mg pgsshjs dëh ldstruîmjs shcrg h sgu ush tìkdlkh g, prldklpjbngdtg, fhrj mh jbkjdkg mjs krljdàjs. [jcgnhs qug js pgdjs sëh kjrjs g mlfîkgls mg sg hctgr. Kulmg mjs sujs khn nulth kjrldeh. Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

FH]H 6 - Ygdjs blnpjs g sgn rgsîmuhs jaumjn j gvltjr chrr÷gs.

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FH]H 0 - Bgncrg-sg mj phsturj khrrgtj. Njdtgdej tjncìn, j supgrfîklg mg trjcjbeh, blnpj g blvrg mg hcagths gstrjdehs jh sgu trjcjbeh jrtîstlkh, prhphrklhdjdmh jssln, gspjàh g blcgrmjmg pjrj sgus prûprlhs nhvlngdths.

LBW[]SJÀËH 3 - Fjàj h khdthrdh mj bgtrj g pldtg-j. Vgaj js gtjpjs. Bgtrj trjàjmj khn clkh mg pgdj pjrj `ûtlkj (J). ]rjàjmh mh khdthrdh mj bgtrj (C), (K) g (M). Yldtg j êrgj ldtgrdj (G) g (F).

usj mj kjdgtj tldtglrh hu pgdj khnun. Vjnhs beg gdsldjr un pgqugdh truqug qug dëh ì djmj mlmêtlkh, phrìn, ì unj shbuàëh. Yhrìn, pjrj gstg tlph mg shbuàëh vhká aê mgvgrê tgr jmqulrlmh un ûtlnh mhnîdlh prêtlkh mh ush mj pgdj. [g vhká tlvgr jkgssh és pgdjs khrtjmjs, gbjs tjncìn sëh gxkgbgdtgs, phrìn vhká prgklsjrê mg ejclblmjmgs jmlklhdjls.

Ldlkljrgnhs js ldstruà Ldlkljrgnhs ldstruà÷gs ÷gs prgblnldjrgs prgblnldjrgs shcrg j kjbl`rjflj kjbl` rjflj @ûtlkj Jbgnë.

@ûtlkj Jbgnë [gu ush, mlfusëh g kurlhslmjmgs, sgrëh khdegklmhs khdegklm hs gn dhsshs kjpîtubhs shcrg j Elstûrlj mj Kjbl`rjflj. Gdtrgtjdth, aê jmljdtjnhs qug gstg tlph mg kjbl`rjflj ì h njls jrtîstlkh g gbjchrjmh mg thmhs hs tgnphs g qug h mhnîdlh mg suj tìkdlkj gxl`g nulth trgldh.

Bgncrjnhs1 Ygdjs khn : clkh (: phdtj) > mj njls fldj j mg d±. :, jtì j njls `rhssj qug ì j mg d±. 6. Ygdjs khn 3 clkhs (3 phdtjs) > d±.s :9, 39, ;9, =9, 79, 79, 69, 09, 09, 59, g <9. <9.

Clkhs mg pgdj pjrj j kjbl`jflj `ûtlkj

Ygdj khn ; clkhs (; phdtjs) > d±. =99. Js pgdjs khn 3 clkhs prhmuzgn trjàjmhs vjzjmhss (êrgjs ldtgrdjs ldkhbhrgs) vjzjmh ldkhbhrgs) qug phmgn sgr pldtjm pld tjmjs js hu dëh khn pgdj pgdjss mg un clk clkhh hu kjdg kjdgtj tj tldtglrh. ]gdej sgnprg mhls bêpls mg kjrpldt kjrpldtglrh. glrh. Wn jphdtjmh SG]H pjrj j jrtg SHDMG g hutrh khn h khrtg dh nglh, pjrj j jrtg @Û]LKJ. Vhká phmg tjncìn trjàjr j `ûtlkj `ûtl kj khn h bêpls b êpls mg phdtj khrtjmj g mgphls khcrlr j jrtg khn pgdj hu kjdgtj tldtglrh. Å njls fêklb. Fjàj h trgldh mhs trjàhs g pjssg jh sgu kjmgrd kjm grdlde ldehh mg kjb kjbl`r l`rjfl jflj. j. Jdt Jdtgs gs mg pjs pjssjr sjr jh kjmgrdh mg gxgrkîklhs, mjmh dgstj jubj, trjkg sujs pjutjs, pjut js, sg` sgùdmh udmh j ngmlmj ng mlmj mjmj mjmj.. Bglj Bg lj phrì phrìn, n, thmj t hmj j jubj jdtgs mg ldlkljr sgus gxgrkîklhs. Dj prûxlnj g ñbtlnj jubj khdtldujrgnhs h gdsldh prêtlkh mj

H lmgjb g h prûprlh, ì h ush mjs pgdjs khn 3 clkhs clk hs (mu (mujs js phd phdtj tjs) s).. Gs Gssg sgss së sëhh nul nulth th mlf mlfîkg îkgls ls mg sgrgn gdkhdtrjmhs. Ldlklg, phrtjdth, hs trgldhs khn h bêpls mg kjrpldtglrh khn phdtj mupbj.

LBW[]SJÀËH : - Bêpls khn phdtj mupbj. Jpûs jphdtjmh, fjàj h khrtg.

[g vhká dëh khdsgùlu unj pgdj jmgqujmj jh jprgdmlzjmh g trgldh, utlblzg h bêpls mg kjrpldtglrh jssln vhká tgrê tgnph jmlklhdjb pjrj khdtldujr suj prhkurj. [g ngsnh jssln, vhká dëh khdsgùlr gdkhdtrjr hs sgus clkhs mg pgdj phmgrê rgkhrrgr jh Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

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LBW[]SJÀËH LBW[]SJÀ ËH ; - Gssg Gssgss sëh hs gxgr gxgrkîk kîklhs lhs nus nuskubj kubjrgs rgs pjrj h ldîklh mh jprgdmlzjmh mj `ûtlkj. Fjàj-hs khn bêpls jphdtjmh g khn phdtj khrtjmj.

khnh SHNJDJ, djskgu dh sìkubh L g fbhrgskgu gdtrg hs sìkubhs V g ULL. Fhl mlfudmlmj khn h dhng mg KEJDKGBJSLJ LNYGSLJB, jpûs nhmlflkjà÷gs fgltjs pgbh ltjbljdh Njrkgbh [kjbzldh. [ujs kjrjktgrîstlkjs sëh1 ldkbldjàëh mg 39¹ é mlrgltj, khn phrà÷gs supgrlhrgs g ldfgrlhrgs cgn prhdud prh dudkl kljmj jmjs, s, tg tgrnl rnldjd djdmh mh gn trj trjàhs àhs g ejs ejstg tgss gn flbgtgs hu jdìls cgn fgkejmhs. Dgstg Dgs tg tlph t lph mg jrtg j rtg,, dj Jdtlù Jd tlùlmj lmjmg, mg, unj hutr hutrjj kjrjktgrîstlkj `rlfjvj j jrtg. J bgtrj n grj sgnprg njls gstrgltj qug js mgnjls. Gstj ì j jrtg qug jdtgkgmgu jdtgkgmgu j njdu njduskrltj skrltj khngrkljb. Yjsshu j sgr mgsgdejmj gn tjnjdeh ngdhr, khn bl`jà÷gs gdtrg js bgtrjs, fgltjs phr flbgtgs. Gssj bl`jàëh grj trjàjmj mg njdglrj qug j nëh bgvjdtjvj-sg mh pjpgb, jpgdjs unj vgz, tgrnldjmj j pjbjvrjs. J njduskrltj khngrkljb tjncìn jmqulrlu un fhrnjth njls rgmhdmh khn ldkbldjàëh j =7¹ g njls tjrmg é 7;¹, phr qugst÷gs gstìtlkjs. Hs `ruphs mg bgtrjs sëh hs ngsnhs pjrj j khngrkljb g pjrj j ld`bgsj.

LBW[]SJÀËH = - Njls gxgrkîklhs gn trjàjmhs pjrj j kjbl`rjflj `ûtlkj. LBW[]SJÀËH 7 - Hcsgrvg qug khn j udlëh mhs mhls ñtlnhs trjàjmhs, fhrnjnhs j bgtrj h g/hu h hvjbjmh kgdtrjb pjrj hutrjs bgtrjs.

kjbl`rjflj @ûtlkj Jbgnë, phrìn jkhdsgbejnhs1 DËH ]GDEJ YSG[[J! Dëh pjssg j unj gtjpj sgùldtg, sgn jdtgs tgr mhnldjmh j tìkdlkj qug gstgaj sgdmh trjcjbejmj.

J Elstûrlj mj Kjbl`rjflj (Kjpîtubh V)

:± j, g, l, n, d, h, r, s, u, v, w, x, z. 3± t, m, c, b, f, e, o. ;± `, a, p, q, y. Hs jb`jrlsnhs usjmhs dgstj kjbl`rjflj sëh hs JSÊCLKH[. Vgrgnhs hs dñngrhs dh fldjb mgstg kjpîtubh.

Kjbl`rjfljj Khngrklj Kjbl`rjfl Khngrkljbb Jbgnë (Njduskrltj (Njdu skrltj Jbgnë)

Khdtldujdmh khn h jssudth mj jubj =, gn qug ldlkljnhs j djrrjàëh g j lbustrjàëh mjs vjrljs jrtgs gn kjbl`rjfljs, jtrjvìs mhs tgnphs, pjssgnhs j njls gxgnpbhs.

LBW[]SJÀËH 6 - Bgtrjs gn fhrnjths shflstlkjmhs.

Kjbl`rjflj Khngrkljb, Khrrgdtg hu Njduskrltj

Wnj kjbl`rjflj nulth gbg`jdtg khn trjàhs fldhs. Js nldñskubjs phssugn fhrnjths mlfgrgdtgs. J s b g t r js js k , g , n , l , d , g u d ë h s ë h

Gstg tlph, tjncìn ì ldlkljbngdtg cjtlzjmh Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

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LBW[]SJÀËH 0 - jbfjcgth gn khngrkljb (njduskrltj) jbgnë. Bgtrjs njlñskubjs.

suflklgdtgngdtg jrrgmhdmjmjs pjrj h dhssh pjmrëh mg gskrltj, njs tgrnldjn gn ejstgs kegljs. Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

Jpblkjnhs j gstg tlph mg jrtg, hs ngsnhs prldkîpl prld kîplhs hs jmht jmhtjmhs jmhs pjrj j ld` ld`bgs bgsj. j. :;=


.

Kjbl`rjflj Ltjbljdj Jldmj dhs mljs mg ehag, gstj jrtg ì utlblzjmj gn bêplmgs. Yhmgnhs tjncìn kltjr hutrj kjrjktgrîstlkj1 j kjbl`rjflj ltjbljdj ì unj nhmlflkjàëh mj KEJDKGBJSLJ LNYGSLJB, khn trjàhs jrtîstlkhs prûprlhs. prûprlhs. Gstj jrtg ì fgltj khn pgdj mg YHD]J KHS] KHS]JMJ JMJ g ldkbldjàëh mg 66¹. Hs trjàhs keglhs jskgdmgdtgs, sëh lùjls jhs trjàhs keglhs mgskgdmgdtgs. mgskgdmgdtgs. Js phrà÷gs supgrlhrgs dëh tán j fhrnj mg jdgb, phrìn js phrà÷gs ldfgrlhrgs sëh jdgbjmjs. J kjbl`rjflj ltjbljdj ì nulth utlblzjmj gn lnphrtjdtgs tjd tgs g jrtîst jrtîstlkh lkhss tgx tgxths ths,, jtì hs hs mlj mljss mg ehag. ehag.

LBW[]SJÀËH 5 - Kjbl`rjflj Ltjbljdj J g B njlñskubjs.

J kjbl`rjflj ltjbljdj, tjncìn ì khdegklmj khnh cjstjrmj , phr sgr lbg`îtlnj j pjrtlr mj bjtldj (un mgsvlh mg trjàj trjàjmh), mh), fhl j kjbl`r kjbl`rjflj jflj hflkljb dj Ltêblj, dhs sìkubhs LLL, LV g V. V.

LBW[]SJÀËH < - Jbfjcgth njlñskubh gn kjbl`rjflj ltjbljdj.

Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

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Hs `ruphs hcgmgkgn j sgùldtg hrmgn1

Kjbl`rjflj Sgmhdmj

:± j, n, d, y, u 3± k, g, `, b, h, d ;± f, l, a, o, e, t =± c, p, r 7± m, q, s, v, w, z

Kjbl`rjflj Khubìg

Sgmhdmj hu ‒rhdmg„ (rgmhdmj gn frjdkás), phssul phs sul `rjd `rjdmg mg jfl jfldlmj dlmjmg mg khn j ltj ltjblj bljdj. dj. J Frjdàj fhl tjncìn jrtlstlkjngdtg jrtlstlkjngdtg fjnhsj pgbh sgu bg` bg`jmh jmh gn ; tlph tlphss mg kjb kjbl`r l`rjfl jfljj ‛ khub khubìg, ìg, njduskrltj hu kurslvj g j rhdmg. Gn gskhbjs mg jrtg, prlnglrjngdtg gdsldj-sg h mhnîdlh mj khubìg. Mgphls j rhdmg khngàj j sgr jprgdmlmj g gxgkutjmj. J kjbl`rjflj rhdmg ì rgtj, dëh tgn ldkbldjàëh g dëh sg mgvg gxgrkgr njlhr prgssëh shcrg h pjpgb, pjrj qug hs h s trjàhs trj àhs mgskg mgskgdmgdtg dmgdtgss dëh sg thrdgn t hrdgn njls bjr`hs qug hs jskgdmgdtgs. Hs gxgrkîklhs cêslkhs mgvgn sgr fglths khn pgdj d±. 3,7 Js pgdjs njls jkhdsgbejmjs pjrj gstj jrtg sëh js mg : clkh, khn dungrjà÷gs vjrljdmh gdtrg h 3 jtì h 7. Dj prûxlnj jubj, jprgdmgrgnh jprgdmgrgnhss js fhrnjs mj kjbl`rjflj `ûtlkj jtrjvìs mhs tgnphs. Vgajnhs j`hrj hs dñngrhs.

LBW[]SJÀËH :9 - Nldñskubjs gn Khubìg

LBW[]SJÀËH :: Njlñskubjs gn Khubìg.

Gstg tlph mg jrtg ì nulth usjmh dh nudmh thmh, pjrjj sg pldt pjr pldtjr jr g chrmj chrmjrr nhd nhdh`r h`rjnj jnjss (ld (ldlkl lkljls jls mg dhng dhngs). s). Ì j kjbl`rjflj djklhdjb frjdkgsj ì cjstjrmj mj ltjbljdj. Wsjmj dj Frjdàj mgsmg h sìkubh UVLLL. Mlfgrgdtg mj ltjbljdj pgbjs ejstgs njls jbhd`jmjs. Gstj jrtg, tjncìn ì fgltj khn pgdj khrtjmj. Dh ldîklh mhs tgnphs tgnphs phpubjrgs, grj grj gskrltj khn bgvg ldkbldjàëh ldkbldjàëh é gsqug gsqugrmj rmj g jbùd jbùdss kjbî` kjbî`rjfhs rjfhs jssln jldmj j trjàjn. Hs prlnglrhs chdlths gxgnpbhs jpjrgkgrjn dj Frjdàj gn :60:. J Khubìg hu kurslvj frjdkgsj ì gskrltj khn un phukj njls mg vgbhklmjmg mh qug j ltjbljdj.

Hs Dñngrhs Jtrjvìs mj Elstûrlj Mgsmg h ldîklh mj eunjdlmjmg, kêbkubhs grjn dgkgssêrlhs, phr lssh jdtgs mh jmvgdth mhs dñngrhs, sldjls dunìrlkhs dunìrlkhs prgklsj prgklsjrjn rjn sgr krljmh krljmhss pjrj j gxprgssëh g ngnhrlzjàëh mgssgs kêbkubhs. Jdtgs mj bldùj`gn, prhprljngdtg mltj, unj khnudlkjàëh jtrjvìs mg sldjls (khnh j bldùj`gn mhs surmhs-numhs) fhl krljmj pjrj phsslclbltjr j khnudlkjà khnu dlkjàëh. ëh. Jtrjvìs mhs sldjls sldjls,, jpjrg jpjrgkgrjn kgrjn tjncìn sldjls dunìrlkhs khn gqulvjbádklj mg 9 j < g lsth grj gxprgssh, pgbjs mlfgrgdtgs phslà÷gs mhs mgmhs mhs pìs g mjs nëhs.

LBW[]SJÀËH :3 Dñngrhs gn ltjbljdj g frjdkgsj.

(Khdtlduj jpûs h Kjmgrdh mg Gxgrkîklhs) Kursh mg Kjbl`rjflj - Jubj 7

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Kjmgrdh mg Gxgrkîklhs Kjbl`rjflj Yrêtlkj Fjàj hs gxgrkîklhs mjmhs, ldlkljdmh pgbjs sgtjs, gn sgus phdths mg hrl`gn. Wsg bêpls mg kjrpldtglrh hu clkh mg pgdj ldmlkjmh pjrj kjbl`rjflj Shdmg. (Jdtgs mg gxgkutjr hs gxgrkîklhs dgstg kjmgrdh, trg ldg hs trjàjmhs gn un rjskudeh, phr vêrljs vgzgs.)


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LBW[]SJÀËH :; - Dñngrhs gtruskhs, dñngrhs jdtl`hs gn tlph jrêclkh, dñngrhs jrêclkhs usjmhs dh sìkubh ULLL, dñngrhs jrêclkhs hrlgdtjls g dñngrhs ldmljdhs.


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Hs prlnglrhs 7 dñngrhs grjn rgprgsgdtjmhs pgbhss mgmhs pgbh m gmhs mg unj mjs nëhs nëhs,, jcgrt j cgrtj. j. Mgph Mgphls ls grj grjn n jmlklhdjmhs jmlklh djmhs hutrhs hutrhs mj hutrj hutrj nëh. J nëh keglj keglj (khn 7 mgmhs) grj rgprgsgdtjmj pgbh sldjb V, mgphls grjn jmlk jm lklh lhdj djmh mhss un j un un,, kh khnh nh mg mgnh nhds dstr trjn jn hs dñngrhs1 sgls (VL), sgtg (VLL) g hlth (VLLL). H mgz, hu sgaj, mujs nëhs fgkejmjs khn hs pudehs kruzjmhs, grj rgprgsgdtjmh pgbh U? phr lssh, h dhvg grj rgprgsgdtjmh pgbh un ngdhs mgz (LU). Js nëh kruzjmjs shcrg hs pìs, U phr U, vjbljn phr :999 (N). Yjrj ngmlr-sg js mlstãdklj, usjvj-sg h pì qug rgpgtlmh nlb vgzgs (:999 x ;3,; kn) prhmuzljn j NLBEJ. Hs ldmljdhs fhrjn hs prlnglrhs j mjr fhrnj

jhs dñngrhs mg 9 j <. Hs rhnjdhs, gn sgus sînchbhs (LV, (LV, LU, gtk.), fhrjn fhr jn hs pr prlng lnglrh lrhss j mjr hrl`gn hrl`gn é suc suctrj trjàëh àëh (mlnldulàëh). J hrl`gn mhs dñngrhs sgnprg fhl ldkgrtj. Hs e g c r gu g u s , p h r g x g n pb pb h , u s j v j n b g t r j s p j r j slnchblzjr hs dñngrhs hu qujdtlmjmgs. Gn :376 hs êrjcgs mlfudmlrjn j jrtg mhs dñngrhs g gn :369 hs ldmljdhs jpgrfglàhjrjn sujs fhrnjs. Gn fhrnjths dhrnjls (nìmlhs g pgqugdhs), hs dñngrhs mgvgn sgr un phukh njlhrgs mh qug js phà÷ ph à÷gs gs nì ml js (k (kgd gd tr trjl jl s ) mj mjss bg t rj rjs. s. Y rh rhku kurg rg jkhnpjdejr js jrtgs gn dñngrhs g bgtrjs, j kjmj kjbl`rjflj utlblzjmj.

@rjfhbh`lj (Blàëh 7) Khdtldujdmh khn dhssjs jdêblsgs `rjfhbû`lkjs gbgngd gbg ngdtjr tjrgs, gs, jpr jprgsg gsgdtj dtjrgn rgnhs hs un gxg gxgnpb npbhh dgstj blàëh, khn un jkrìsklnh mg mgfldlà÷gs g gxpblkjà÷gs gxpbl kjà÷gs,, pjrj hfgrgkgr unj ngbehr cjsg mg jdêblsg g ldtgrprgtjàëh. Gstj ì unj kjbl`rjflj mlfîklb mg jdêblsg, phls trjtj-sg mg unj nhàj gn mlfîklb trjdslàëh mg lmjmg pgbhs jspgkths dg`jtlvhs, jkgdtujmjngdtg prgsgdtgs dgstj gskrltj. Gstj kjbl`rjflj mgnhdstrj unj gnhàëh cgn hphstj j mj hutrj jmhbgskgdtg, dj qujb jdjblsjnhs j gskrltj dj ubtlnj jubj. Dgstg kjsh, dhs rgfgrl rgfgrlnhs nhs jhs jspgkt jspgkths hs dg`jtlvhs, tlv hs, dëh és quj qujblm blmjmg jmgss eun eunjdj jdjs. s. Gst Gstjnh jnhss dhs rgfgrl rgf grldmh dmh shng shngdtg dtg jh jsp jspgkth gkth LD[G LD[G@WSJ @WSJDÀJ, DÀJ,

nhstrjmh dltlmjngdtg phr1 - Gskrltj gn bldejs hdmubjmjs (:). - Bgtrjs h, jcjlxh mj phràëh nìmlj (3). - Bgtrjs t khrtjmjs nulth gncjlxh mg suj zhdj prûprlj (;). - Jbùnjs bgtrjs ldkbldjmjs é mlrgltj g hutrjs é gsqugrmj (=). - Jkgdtujàëh mh l , ldkhdstjdtg (7). (:) Ldsgùrjdàj. (3) prghkupjàëh khn h khrph. (;) ]lnlmgz g sgn prghkupjà÷gs ngdtjls hu gnhklhdjls mg hrmgn supgrlhr. (=) Jldmj bl`jmj é ldfãdklj g prhagtj-sg jh futurh, jh ngsnh tgnph. LBW[]SJÀËH := - Kjbl`rjflj mg unj jmhbgskgdtg.


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LBW[]SJÀËH :7 - Gxgnpbh mg kurvjs ehrlzhdtjls/mgskgdmgdtgs

J`rgsslvlmjmg jkgdtujmj (-). J`rgsslvlmjmg Mgtgrnldjàëhh (+). Mgtgrnldjàë Ygsshj qug fjbj mgnjls. Ldkhdvgdlgdtg Ldkhdvgdlgdtg (-). Dgkgssl Dgkg sslmjmg mjmg mg njlhr blcg blcgrmjmg rmjmg (+). Mgskhdfljdàj.

(7) Fjbtj mg khdkgdtrjàëh g fhràj mg vhdtjmg. Khnhphmg Khnh phmgnhs nhs tjnc tjncìn ìn hcs hcsgrvj grvjr, r,gstj gstj jmhb jmhbgskg gskgdtg dtg phssul chds trjàjmhs, bgtrjs jrrgmhdmjmjs g chjs prh phrà÷g phr à÷gss djs trá tráss ph phrà÷ rà÷gs, gs, mjs bgt bgtrjs rjs.. J tgd tgdmád mádklj klj nhs nhstrj trj j bgvg bg vg ldkbldjàëh é mlrgltj g pjbjvrjs cgn bg`îvgls. Dh futurh, sgrê unj chj kjbl`rjflj, mgdhtjdmh unj pgrshdjblmjmg njls kjbnj g gstêvgb. ]SJÀJMH[ LDLKLJL[ G FLDJL[ MJ[ BG]SJ[ L[HBJMJ[ L[HBJ MJ[ G MJ[ YJBJ JBJVSJ[. VSJ[. Zujdmh Zuj dmh jdjblsjr qujbqugr jspgkth lshbjmh mg unj kjbl`rjflj, dëh sg gsqugàj mg, prlnglrjngdtg, mgfldlr h tlph mg gskrltj1

]rjàjmhs fldjls gn kurvjs pjrj três

G`hîsnh g gxl`ádkljs. ]rjàjmhs fldjls gn flbl`rjdjs hu ùlrbjdmjs

Ygsshj jnêvgb g gsphdtãdgj (+). Ygsshj khn `gsths sgmuthrgs gn jtltumgs mg khdqulstj, khdqulst j, pjrj jbkjdàjr hs rgsubtjmhs mgsgajmhs (-). ]rjàjmh rjàjmhss fldjls gn kurvjs ehrlzh ehrlzhdtjls/ dtjls/mgskgdmgskgdmgdtgs.

- phsltlvj - dg`jtlvj - phsltlvj g dg`jtlvj - + phsltlvj g - dg`jtlvj - - phsltlvj g + dg`jtlvj

Yrhtgàëh g kulmjmh khn js pgsshjs (+) Hkubtj `gsth, jtltumgs g pjbjvrjs mjs pgsshjs é suj vhbtj (-) ]rjàjmhs fldjls gn bldejs mgskgdmgdtgs

Ygsshj mgsvltjblzjmj, sgn fhràjs (+). ]gdmádkljs djturjblstjs phsltlvjs hu dg`jtlvjs. Gssgs sëh hs prldklpjls jspgkths mhs trjàjmhs ldlkljls g fldjls. Vgajnhs j sgùlr hutrh tlph mg jspgkth.

Khn lssh, phmg-sg jdjblsjr khn njls krltìrlh kjmj gbgngdth mh khdaudth jprgsgdtjmh. H trjàjmh ldlkljb nhstrj js vhdtjmgs gn prh`rgssh `rg ssh g js gnh gnhà÷g à÷gss pjs pjssjm sjmjs, js, tjn tjncìn cìn mgs mgsgah gahs, s, tgdmádkljs g jtltumgs gn rgbjàëh j sl ngsnh. Jh khdtrêrlh, h trjàjmh fldjb rgfbgtg h khdtjth khn h nudmh gxtgrlhr, khn js pgsshjs.

Mlfgrgdtgs ]lphs mg Gskrltj Gskrltj mgsudlmj ‛

Yjbjvrjs fhrnjmjs phr bgtrjs sgn udlëh hu jbùnjs bgtrjs sgn bl`jàëh (+) ]gdmádklj ê ldvgdà÷gs, mgskhcrlngdths, rgjàëh, vlvjklmjmg, sgdslclblmjmg gn kjptjr dhvjs lnprgss÷gs. (-) Ygsshj g`hîstj g`hîstj g kjprl kjprlkehsj kehsj.. G s k r l tj tj b l ` j mj mj , u d l m j ‛ Ì h hphsth mj jdtgrlhr, ]hmjs ]hmjs js bgtrjs sëh bl`jmjs. (+) Cuskj mg udlëh gnhklhdjb g ngdtjb, khn j vlmj g js pgsshjs. Chn rjklhkîdlh mgmutlvh, kubturj ldtgdsj g ûtlnj ngnûrlj. ]gdmádklj ]gdmádklj pjrj js kládkljs kládk ljs gxjtj gxjtjs. s. Ygsshj hcagt hcagtlvj. lvj. (-) Hcstldjàëh, cjlxh quhklgdtg mg ldtgbl`ádklj, lmìljs lmì ljs g lmg lmgjls jls gst gstrgl rglths ths.. Gskrltj jskgdmgdtg ‛ Gn bldejs qug phmgn numjr bgvgngdtg mg mlrgàëh g thrdjrgn-sg njls jbtjs qug h ldîkl ldîklh. h. (+) Htlnlsn Htlnlsnh, h, mldjn mldjnlsnh, lsnh, jbtruî jbtruîsnh, snh,

]rjàjmhs ldlkljls qug khngàjn dj phràëh supgrlhr mj bldej ngmljdj

Ì unj pgsshj njls hu ngdhs jbtruîstj, mgpgdmgdmh mgpgdmgd mh mh khnprlngd khnprlngdth th mh trjàh. Vhbt hbtjj suj gnh gnhàë àëhh nj njls ls jh pg pgdsj dsjngd ngdth th g gnhà÷gs supgrlhrgs. ]rjàjmhs ldlkljls qug khngàjn dj phràëh ngmljdj mj bldej gskrltj

Jà÷gs g jtltumgs j pjrtlr mg suj jfgtlvlmjmg g gnhà÷gs pjssjmjs .

]rjàjmhs ldlkljls qug khngàjn dj phràëh ldfgrlhr mj bldej ngmljdj

Jà÷gs g ldk Jà÷gs ldkbld bldjà÷ jà÷gs gs nh nhvlm vlmjs js khn fh fhrà ràjj jpjlxhdjmj, jpjlx hdjmj, sgn nultjs ngmlmjs krltgrlhsjs. Njlhr gdtrg`j jfgtlvj (+)* hu njlhr j`rgsslvlmj j`rgsslvlmjmg mg (-)*. ]rjàjmhs fldjls prhbhd`jmhs g gn bldej rgtj *(+) gskrltj phsltlvj *(-) gskrltj dg`jtlvj


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krljtlvlmjmg, gxtrhvgrsëh. (-) Mgprg Mgprgssëh ssëh khn j`ltjàëh j`ltjàëh,, prgsu prgsudàëh dàëh.. Gskrltj mgskgdmgdtg ‛ Gn bldejs qug phmgn numjr bgvgngdtg mg mlrgàëh g thrdjrgn-sg njls cjlxjs cjl xjs qug dh ldîk ldîklh. lh. (+) Kjdsjàh, fjml`j gxtrgnj, mhgdàj, trlstgzj, mgskhdtgdtjngdth, prgùlàj, hklhslmjmg. (-) Ygssh Ygsshjj jbtjn jbtjngdtg gdtg su`g su`gstlhd stlhdêvgb êvgb,, `rjd `rjdmgs mgs nhbìstljs.

(-) Fjbtj mg sldkg sldkgrlmj rlmjmg, mg, mgskh mgskhdtgd dtgdtjngd tjngdth th gnhà÷gs rgprlnlmjs, khnpbgxh mg ldfgrlhrlmjmg j`rgsslvh. K h d t l du d u j r g n hs h s k h n j s m g f l d là là ÷ g s g gxpblkjà÷gs dj prûxlnj jubj.

]rjcjbehs Yrêtlkhs ]grkglrj Yjrtg

Gskrltj ldkbldjmj ‛ Yhukh ldkbldjmj

(+) [gdsl [gdslclblm clblmjmg, jmg, kjrld kjrldeh, eh, cgbgzj cgbgzj mg kjrêtgr kjrêtgr.. (-) Ygsshj nulth nulth ldstêvgb. ldstêvgb. Gskrltj nulth ldkbldjmj

(+) Ejrnh Ejrnhdlj dlj g nultj nultj sgdsu sgdsujblmj jblmjmg. mg. (-) Yjl Yjlx÷g x÷gss sgn khdtrhb khdtrhbg. g. Gskrltj Sgtj

J`hrj vjnhs krljr! Vjnhs gxgrkgr dhssj krljtlvlmjmg gn njls unj chdltj gtjpj jpblkjmj é kjbl`rjflj.

(+) [grgd [grgdlmjmg lmjmg,, flrn flrngzj gzj g gstjclblmjmg gstjclblmjmg.. Njturlmjmg g khdtrhbg. (-) Frlgz Frlgzj, j, ldmlfgrgdà ldmlfgrgdàjj g mgskhdfljdà mgskhdfljdàj. j. Murgzj mg sgdtlngdths sgdtlngdths g hrùbeh hrùbeh dg`jtlvh.

Nhmgbh d±.5

Gskrltj Gskrl tj khn ldkbl ldkbldjàëh djàëh é gsqugrmj

Yjpgb mg Kjrtj Mgkhrjmh

(+)Hku (+) Hkubtj btj sgu sgusgd sgdtln tlngd gdtjb tjblsn lsnh, h, tln tlnlm lmgz gz g rg rgkbu kbusëh sëh..

FH]H 5 - Yjpgb mg kjrtj mgkhrjmh.


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Yhmgnhs gdkhdtrjr kgdtgdjs mg tlphs mg pjpìls mg kjrtjs mgkhrjmhs. Mgsgdehs, khrgs, mlzgrgs, gtk. Lnj`ldg jkrgskgdtjr sgu dhng hu ngdsj`gn mg Djtjb hu mg Jdlvgrsêrlh, Fgblkltjà÷gs, gtk. Khn un cbhkh, vhká prhmuz vêrlhs kjrt÷gs g ngsnh pjpìls kjrtjs, khn h sgu dhng dh jbth mj pê`ldj.

Nhmgbh d±. <

Kjmgrdhs gdkjpjmhs khn ldskrlà÷gs kjbl`rêflkjs Mh njls slnpbgs kjmgrdldeh gskhbjr, jtì h njls lnphrtjdtg kjmgrdh mg jdhtjà÷gs, vhká phmg fjzgr un supgr g krljtlvh trjcjbeh, utlblzjdmh un shflstlkjmh pjpgb pjp gb pjrj pjrj prg prgsgd sgdtg tg g gtlq gtlqugt ugtjs js jut juthkh hkhbjd bjdtgs tgs.. Vjnh jnhss bê8

NJ]GSLJB -Yjpgb mg kjrtj mgkhrjmh -Clkh mg pgdj d±. =

NJ]GSLJB - Yj Yjpg pgbb pj pjrj rj pr prgs gsgd gdtg tg kh khn n gs gstj tjnp npjj nl nlñm ñmjj g rg rgù ùbj bjr r - Khb Khbj/f j/fltj ltj jmg jmgslv slvjj - Gtl Gtlqug qugtjs tjs jut juthkh hkhbjd bjdtgs tgs - Clkh mg mg pgdj d±. d±. ;,7 - Kjmgrdh

NHMH MG FJQGS Gskrgvj Gskrg vj h dh dhng ng hu hujj ng ngdsj dsj`g `gn n mg mgsuj sujpr prgf gfgr grád ádklj klj,, dh jbth mh pjpgb, gn Kjbl`rjflj Njduskrltj gn fhrnjth `rjdmg. Yjrj h tgxth, khdtldug dj ngsnj kjbl`rjflj, khn j ngsnj khr mg tldtj, phrìn, gn fhrnjth pgqugdh.

NHMH MG FJQGS Gdkjpg khn kjrldeh h kjmgrdh Khbg j gtlqu gtlqugtj gtj dj frgd frgdtg tg gncjlxh g j mlrg mlrgltj, ltj, jpûs tgr fglth j kjbl`rjflj.

FH]H < - Kjbl`rjflj jrtîstlkj gn pjpgb mgkhrjmh.


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FH]H :9 - Gdkjpg hs kjmgrdhs khn bldmhs pjpìls khbhrlmhs...

FH]H :: - ...khn nulth kjrldeh g kjprlkeh


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FH]H :3 - Ldfhrnjà÷gs dj prlnglrj pê`ldj.


:7<


Dj pjrtg mj frgdt frgdtg, g, vhká lrê gskrg gskrgvgr vgr h dhng gn @Û]LKJ JBGNË. Mjrgnhs gssg trjcjbeh dj prûxlnj jubj. Jcrj h kjmgrdh, dj prlnglrj fhbej gskrgvj h dhng g j njtìrlj hu jssudth qujb sgrê mgmlkjmh h kjmgrdh. Fjàj lssh gn Njduskrltj Khngrkljb. Wnj ûtlnj su`gstëh pjrj prgsgdtgs, kjmgrdhs gskhbjrgs, ‒blvrhs„ mg rgkgltjs kubldêrljs, rgkgltjs mg trlký g krhkeá, hràjngdths mhnìstlkhs g jtì mlêrlhs.

NHMH MG FJQGS Gn Nj Njddusk skrl rltj tj Kh Khng ngrrkl kljb jb hu Sh Shddmg Frjdkgsj, gskrgvj js gtlqugtjs khn js pgdjs jprh prljmjs prlj mjs.. Khbg j gtlqugtj dj pjstj. Dj prû prûxln xlnjj jub jubjj mjr mjrgnh gnhss su su`gs `gst÷ t÷gs gs gn @ûtlkj Jbgnë Jdtgs mg pjssjr é prûxlnj jubj, gxgrkltg nulth j tìkdlkj mj kjbl`rjflj Shdmg Frjdkgsj g mj Njduskrltj Khngrkljb. Gstg ì un gspgkljb g ln phrtj phr tjdtg dtg kh khdsg dsgbeh beh,, phl phlss quj qujdt dthh njl njlss gxg gxgrkî rkîkl klhs hs vhká flzgr njlhr sgrê j ejclblmjmg mgsgdvhbvlmj tjdth dj gskrltj, khnh dh njdusglh mg pgdjs g tldtjs. Khdsgqugdtgngdtg h jprgdmlzjmh mj @ûtlkj Jbgnë, sgrê fjklbltjmh. Fjàj j`hrj h sgu Zugstlhdêrlh mg Jvjbljàëh g jtì j prûxlnj jubj!

Nhmgbh d±. :9

Yjstjs pjrj ]rjcjbehs/Mhkungdths Yrhvjs, mhkungdths, trjcjbehs, jrqulvh, gtk. ]umh cgn sgbgklhdjmh g ùjrmjmh khn kjrldeh. NJ]GSLJB - Yjstjs khn gbêstlkhs - Gtlqugtjs juthkhbjdtgs

FH]H :; - Yjstjs jssudths mlvgrshs


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Curso de Caligrafia - Aula 05

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