Philippine Grid Code 1.
It is defined as the ability to respond so as to arrest a significant drop in system frequency such as would arise as a result of a credible contingency affecting one (or more) generating units within a region, or transmission flows into a region. a. Regulating Reserve b. Contingency Reserve c. Dispatchable Reserve d. Interruptible Reserve
2.
Which of the following statement below is not correct for a NonScheduled Generator a. It is a price Taker b. The nameplate rating or the combined nameplate rating is less than one tenth of two percent (<0.2%) of the peak load in a particular reserve region c. The nameplate rating or the combined nameplate rating is less than ten percent (<10%) of the size of the interconnection facilities d. Follows the Generator outage schedule by SO
3. What is the equivalent of Load following frequency regulation in the WESM? a. Interruptible reserve b. Dispatchable reserve c. Contingency reserve d. Regulating reserve 4. The regulation of the power output of generating units within a prescribed area in response to a change in system frequency, tie-line loading, or the relation of these to each other, so as to maintain the system frequency or the established interchange with other areas within the predetermined limits or both. a. Automatic Load frequency Control (AGC) b. Automatic Load Control (AGC) c. Automatic frequency Control (AGC) d. Automatic Generation Control (AGC) 5. It is process of recovery from total system blackout using a generating unit with the capability to start and synchronize with the system without an external power supply. a. Cold Start b. Reserve Start c. Black Start d. Synchronization 6. An event that may occurs when an electric system does not have adequate reactive support to maintain voltage stability. a. Voltage Sag b. Voltage Dip
c. Voltage swell d. Voltage Collapse 7. Which of the following below is a normal state of operation of the power system a. System Frequency is 60.5 Hz b. The loading levels of all transmission lines and transformers are below 89% of the continuous ratings c. The highest nodal voltage in the network is 1.025 pu d. The lowest nodal voltage in the network is 0.9517 pu 8. The security and reliability screening of the grid shall be based on. a. ranked outage contingency b. single outage contingency (n-1) c. outage contingency (n-3) d. prioritized outage contingency 9. Voltage control can be achieved by controlling any of the following power devices except for. a. Static VAR compensator b. Synchronous Generating station c. ALTC Transformer d. Series capacitor 10. The correct formula for spinning reserve requirement is. a. Spinning Reserve, % = (Capacity of Largest Generating Unit On Line ÷ System Peak Demand) x 100 b. Spinning Reserve, % = (80 % of Capacity of Largest Generating Unit On Line ÷ System Peak Demand) x 100 c. Spinning Reserve, % = (50 % of Capacity of Largest Generating Unit On Line ÷ System Peak Demand) x 100 d. Spinning Reserve, % = (110 % of Capacity of Largest Generating Unit On Line ÷ System Peak Demand) x 100 11. Excess generation can be encountered in the power system in real-time if any of the following conditions happen. a. Instantaneous loss of loads b. The power system reaches off-peak condition whereby demand is so low that it is still below the minimum generating level of the generators synchronized in the power system. c. Sudden reduction of significant amount of loads d. An unscheduled outages has occurred in the line causing the minimum stable generation of isolated line be greater than the local nodal load 12. What will happen if the system generations instantaneously exceeds the System demand. a. System frequency will increase significantly b. System frequency will drop significantly c. System frequency will not be affected d. System frequency will become zero
13. The safe scheduling, operation and control of the power system on a continuous basis in accordance with the system security and reliability guidelines established under the Grid Code. a. Network Security b. System Security c. Generation Security d. Operations and Control Security 14. This refers to the required voltage control and reactive power which the System Operator may need to take into account for the reliability of the Grid. a. System Voltage Tolerance b. System Voltage Band c. System Voltage Requirement d. System Voltage Margin 15. Reducing or disconnecting a certain load from the system is called. a. Load Reduction b. Load Shedding c. Load Switching d. Load Floating 16. What are the two types of Load Shedding employed by SO as part of their security measures? a. Automatic and Non-automatic Load Shedding b. Automatic and Manual Load Shedding c. Indicative and Non-Indicative Load Shedding d. Secure and Non-Secure Load Shedding 17. It is the process of automatically and deliberately removing pre-selected loads from a power system in response to an abnormal condition in order to maintain the integrity of the system. a. Automatic Load Shedding b. Manual Load Shedding c. Indicative Load Shedding d. Security Load Shedding 18. It is the unexpected failure or outage of a system component, such as a generator, transmission line, power transformer, bus, circuit breaker, or other electrical element. a. Security b. Contingency c. Cascade d. Emergency 19. A strategy used by the System Operator to maintain the frequency of the grid within the limits prescribed by then Grid code by the timely use of frequency regulating reserve, contingency reserve and demand control. a. Voltage Control
b. Generation Control c. Frequency Control d. Demand Control 20. It is the process of manually and deliberately removing pre-selected loads from a power system in response to an abnormal condition in order to maintain the integrity of the system. a. Automatic Load Shedding b. Manual Load Shedding c. Indicative Load Shedding d. Security Load Shedding 21. It is the performance of the elements of the bulk electric system that results in electricity being delivered to customers within accepted standards and in the amount desired. It can be measured by the frequency, duration, and magnitude of adverse effects on the electric supply. a. Security b. Reliability c. Stability d. Optimal 22. It is the control of transmission voltages through adjustments in generator reactive output and transformer taps and by switching capacitor and reactors on the transmission and distribution systems. a. Reactive Control b. Voltage Control c. Frequency Control d. Power Compensation 23. It is an event caused by the failure of one component of the grid including a generating unit, transmission line, or transformer. a. Single outage contingency b. Single outage planning c. Single outage schedule d. Single outage emergency 24. A Power Quality problem exists when at least one of the following conditions is present and significantly affects the normal operation of the System: a. The System Frequency has deviated from the nominal value of 60 Hz b. Voltage magnitudes are outside their allowable range of variation c. Harmonic Frequencies are present in the System d. There is a balance magnitude of the phase voltages 25. The System Operator shall maintain the fundamental frequency within the limits of ____________________ during normal conditions. a. 59.1 Hz and 60.8 Hz b. 59.7 Hz and 60.3 Hz c. 59.0 Hz and 61.0 Hz
d. 58.0 Hz and 60.5 Hz 26. What voltage short duration swell? a. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 110 V to nominal voltage b. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 100 V to 180 % voltage c. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 110 V to 190 % voltage d. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 100 V to 200 % voltage
180 % of the of the nominal of the nominal of the nominal
27. What voltage long duration over voltage? a. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 110 V% of the nominal voltage b. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 90 V% of the nominal voltage c. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 120 V% of the nominal voltage d. The RMS value of the voltage increases to 200 V% of the nominal voltage 28. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) shall be defined as a. the ratio of the RMS value of the harmonic content to the RMS value of the fundamental quantity, expressed in percent. 29. The Total Demand Distortion (TDD) shall be defined as a. the ratio of the RMS value of the harmonic content to the RMS value of the rated or maximum fundamental quantity, expressed in percent. 30. The maximum Negative Sequence Unbalance Factor at the Connection Point of any User shall not exceed a. one (1) percent during normal operating conditions. 31. The maximum Zero Sequence Unbalance Factor at the Connection Point of any User shall not exceed a. one (1) percent during normal operating conditions. 32. At nominal voltages of 115 kV and above, the Grid shall be effectively grounded with an Earth Fault Factor of less than a. 1.4. 32. The Generating Unit shall be capable of supplying its Active Power output, as specified in the Generator's Declared Data, within the limits of
a. 0.85 Power Factor lagging and 0.90 Power Factor leading 33. If the System frequency momentarily rises to 62.4 Hz or falls to 57.6 Hz, all Generating Unit shall remain in synchronism with the Grid for at a. least five (5) seconds 34.
