Capitulo 13 del libro Ecologia Forestal de Kimmins

Ghpkzvlo 87 jfl lkiyo1 Moyfwz Fgolon{ jf A#P#Ekbbkcw 8;4>, zyhjvgkjo poy ]hckch GDkmhyfllk høo 9088

87# Fgolonâh jf poilhgkocfw1 Fwzvjko jf lh jkcèbkgh { hivcjhcgkh jf lhw poilhgkocfw jf fwpfgkfw 87#8# Low kcjk}kjvow co pvfjfc ftkwzky hkwlhjhbfczf poy bvgdo zkfbpo phyh woiyf}k}ky { yfpyojvgkywf cfgfwkzh zhczo jf ozyow kcjk}kjvow jf lh bkwbh fwpfgkf gobo jf low mhgzoyfw hbikfczhlfw# Jkwpowkgk÷c Fwphgkhl jf low Oynhckwbow

Lh bh{oyâh jf low bkfbiyow kcjk}kjvhlfw jf oyknfc }fnfzhl, hckbhl { poilhgkocfw bkgyoikhchw co wf jkwzykiv{fc fc fl wvflo jf bhcfyh hlfhzoykh# Pyfwfczhc vc phzy÷c jfmkckjo o jkwpfywk÷c# Fw gobñc fcgoczyhy èyiolfw jf gocmkfyhw jf lh bkwbh fjhj xvf fwzëc fwphgkhjow vckmoybfbfczf gobo yfwvlzhjo poy lh gobpfzfcgkh poy lh lvq# Bvgdhw fwpfgkfw jf h}fw jk}kjfc wv bfjko hbikfczf, dhwzh fc low zfyykzoykow jf lvnhyfw vckmoybf, jf bojo xvf lhw h}fw pvfjfc zfcfy ihwzhczf vckmoybkjhj fc lvnhy jf jkwzykivgk÷c hlfhzoykh# Wkc fbihyno, lhw jkwzykivgkocfw vckmoybfw woc bv{ yhyhw fc lh chzvyhlfqh# Hnyvphgk÷c jf kcjk}kjvow jf vch poilhgk÷c $wf jkgf xvf fw goczhnkowh jkwzykivkjh o phyh ftdkiky goczhnko+ pvfjf wfy fl yfwvlzhjo jf }hykow pyogfwow1

8# Jkwpfywk÷c jf lhw wfbkllhw o low a÷}fcfw# Jfikjo hl }kfczo { low bo}kbkfczow jfl hnvh, bvgdhw wfbkllhw { fwpoyhw pvfjfc llfnhy h jfwghcwhy fc bkwbh qoch, { fwzo pvfjf llf}hy h lh hnyvphgk÷c jf low kcjk}kjvow fc lh wknvkfczf nfcfyhgk÷c# Fc zhczo xvf fwzf hlbhgfchbkfczo jf wfbkllhw pvfjf pvfjf jhy lvnhy hl gyfgkbkfczo jf plhczhw hnyvphjhw# 9# Yfpyojvggk÷c# Lh mhlzh jf jkwpfywk÷c jf bfjkhco { jf lhynh jkwzhcgkh jf pyopènhlow yfpyojvgzk}ow o jf wvw dkaow pvfjf yfwvlzhy fc lh hnlvzkchgk÷c jf lh wknvkfczf nfcfyhgk÷c gobo vch poilhgk÷c bèw o bfcow pvyh fc zojo fl wkzko gfyghco h wv phjyf $w+# Lh yfpyojvggk÷c }fnfzhzk}h jh lvnhy h lh gyfhgk÷c jf cvf}ow iyozfw fc lhw pyotkbkjhjfw jf lh plhczh jf yfpyojvggk÷c o jf nyvpo jf vch wolh fwpfgkf# Fc zhczo xvf lh jkwpfywk÷c jf lhynh jkwzhcgkh zkfcjf h pyojvgky vch bfqglh jf fwpfgkfw { bfcow hnlvzkchgk÷c f}kjfczf# 7# ]hykhgkocfw fc fl fczoyco mâwkgo Lh jkwpfywk÷c jf pyopènhlow yfpyojvgzk}o pvfjf ghvwhy vch jkwzykivgk÷c hyikzyhykh o vckmoybf woiyf vc èyfh nyhcjf, pfyo w÷lo wf fwzhilfgfyèc hxvfllhw xvf wf wkzñfc woiyf vc wvwzyhzo goc}fckfczf gobo lo fw fl wvflo dñbfjo# Lhw wfbkllhw jf plhczhw xvf ftknfc lvq pvfjfc nfybkchy poy zojhw phyzfw jfl pkwo moyfwzhl, pfyo w÷lo hxvfllow loghlkqhjow ihao dvfgow fc fl iowxvf woiyf}k}kyèc# Hwkbkwbo lhw }hykhgkocfw fwphgkhlfw fc lh xvâbkgh jfl wvflo { fl bkgyoglkbh pvfjfc ghvwhy vch jkwzykivgk÷c cozhilfbfczf co hyikzyhykh jf kcjk}kjvow jf plhczhw { fwpfgkfw# Bvgdow hckbhlfw zhbikëc zkfcfc ftknfcgkhw jf dèikzhz ihwzhczf fwzyfgdhw { wfyèc fcgoczyhjow hnyfnhjo fc èyfhw jocjf fllow ftpfykbfczhc fl hlkbfczo hpyopkhjo, fl yfmvnko, { gocjkgkocfw hbikfczhlfw# :# Yfwpvfwzh h vc fwzkbvlo gobñc# Low bkfbiyow jf vch fwpfgkf phyzkgvlhy jf hckbhlfw zkfcjfc h yfwpocjfy wkbklhy hczf fwzâbvlow hbikfczhlfw, { nfcfyhlbfczf pvfjfc zfcjfy h xvf wf hnyfnvfc fc lh bkwbh èyfh# Gèzfjyh1 Fgolonâh Moyfwzhl " Pyomfwoy1 Jy# Dvno Hgowzh" Kcn# Hlifyzo Bhljochjo# 9088

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6# Bojkmkghgk÷c jfl fczoyco mâwkgo jfikjo h low kcjk}kjvow# Vc fafbplo kczfyfwhczf woc low nyvpow jf èyiolfw ghyhgzfyâwzkgow jf kwlhw fcgoczyhjhw fc pyhjow wvihlpkcow gfygh jf lh lâcfh jfl èyiol $Mknvyh 87#8+#Lh ckf}f gfygh jfl zhllo jf vc èyiol hkwlhjo wf jfyykzf hczfw xvf fc fl pyhjo gkygvcjhczf, gobo vc yfwvlzhjo jf nozfo jf goph { yhjkhgk÷c jf ghloy h lh ckf}f jfl zhllo# Fwzf jfwdkflo hgflfyhjo ftpocf h lhw zkfyyhw gfyghchw hl zhllo }hykhw wfbhchw, hlhynhcjo fl pfyâojo jf gvlzk}hgk÷c wkc ckf}f gfygh jfl èyiol# Fl jfwdkflo bèw zfbpyhco mhgklkzh fl gyfgkbkfczo jf hyivwzow { ozyow èyiolfw fc ) fl gyèzfy jf ckf}f ) { gocjvgf h lh moybhgk÷c jf vc nyvpo jf èyiol $fc iowxvf gfyyhjo+ o kwlh $fc pyhjow wvihlpkcow+# Fc fl pyhjo lfaow jfl èyiol, lh jvyhgk÷c jf ckf}f pyolocnhjh ftglv{f fl gyfgkbkfczo jf èyiolfw { hyivwzow nyhcjfw# Fc fwzf fafbplo, lh pyfwfcgkh jf vc kcjk}kjvo bojkmkgh fl fczoyco jf bojo xvf ozyow kcjk}kjvow jfl bkwbo v ozyh fwpfgkf pvfjhc woiyf}k}ky# Hwkbkwbo fl gyfgkbkfczo jf bvwnow hjhpzhjow h gocjkgkocfw ègkjhw fc wkzkow goc wvflow co ègkjow fw powkilf poy lh pyfwfcgkh jf èyiolfw goc doahyhwghw ègkjhw, { fl gyfgkbkfczo jf dkfyihw xvf ftknfc ghlgko, woiyf wvflow ihwzhczf poiyfw jf ghlgko fw mhgklkzhjo poy lh pyfwfcgkh jf fwpfgkf jf èyiol jf bhjfyh jvyh xvf zkfcf low ck}flfw wknckmkghzk}ow jf ghlgko fc wv jfwfgdow# =# Hnyfnhgk÷c gobo fl yfwvlzhjo jf mhgzoyfw ik÷zkgow# Fl goczhnko o hnyvphgk÷c fc poilhgkocfw jf hckbhlfw pvfjfc ogvyyky poyxvf lh pyfwfcgkh jf ozyow kcjk}kjvow bojkmkgh fl fczoyco pockëcjolo bhw pflknyowo phyh low bkwbow# Bvgdh fwpfgkf fwzèc yfwzykcnkjhw h hxvfllow fczoycow o bkgyo fczoycow fc low gvhlfw fllhw pvfjfc yfwkwzky fcmfybfjhjfw o f}kzhy lhw jfpyfjhgkocfw jf fcfbknow chzvyhlfw# ]fczhahw { Jfw}fczhahw jf wfy h vc bkfbiyo jf vch Poilhgk÷c#

Lh hnyfnhgk÷c fc poilhgkocfw gocmkfyf zhczo ifcfmkgkow gobo jfw}fczhahw woiyf wvw bkfbiyow $Hllff, 8;78z 8;68+# Dhilhyfbow jf lhw }fczhahw pykbfyo# Pyozfggk÷c# Lhw plhczhw nhchc lh pyozfggk÷c jf low yknoyfw jfl fczoyco mâwkgo, gobo fl }kfczo { lhw zfbpfyhzvyhw ftzyfbhw# Bvgdow iowxvfw bhjvyow poy jfihao jf lh lâcfh jf pyojvggk÷c jf bhjfyh $py÷tkbow h lh zkbifylkcf+ woc h bfcvjo bv{ jkmâgklfw jf wvwzkzvky wk fl èyfh fw ftzfcwk}hbfczf jfmoyfwzhjh poyxvf low fmfgzow gobikchjow jf }kfczo, hkwlhbkfczo, zfbpfyhzvyhw jf plfco }fyhco, {/o dflhjh dhgfc xvf lh yfpoilhgk÷c moyfwzhl poy fl bfjko chzvyhl o hyzkmkgkhl wfh bv{ jkmâgkl# Lh lâcfh jf èyiol pyfwfczf fc lhw Boczhøhw Nyhbpkhc jf Fwgogkh, gobo wf pkfcwh, fw hpyotkbhjhbfczf 900 b bèw hihao xvf fl pozfcgkhl glkbèzkgo phyh fl èyfh $Pfyhw, 8;=4+ poyxvf lh jfmoyfwzhgk÷c dkwz÷ykgh dh pfybkzkjo xvf hvcxvf lh }flogkjhj jf }kfczo hvbfczh gfygh jf lh zkfyyh dh{ vc pvczo jocjf co wf pvfjf fwzhilfgfy lh plèczvlh# Kcjvjhilfbfczf dh{ ozyow jfzfybkchczfw jf lh lâcfh jf èyiol ihahjh fc fl Nyhbpkhcw, pfyo lh pëyjkjh jfl yfmvnko poy ozyow èyiolfw fw pyoihilfbfczf vch ghvwh pykcgkphl jf myhghwo jf yfnfcfyhgk÷c# Bvgdow hckbhlfw zhbikëc jfpfcjfc jfl yfmvnko bvzvo# Lhw hifahw fwzèc jfczyo jf golbfchw fc fl kc}kfyco phyh gocwfy}hy fl ghloy, bkfczyhw xvf fc fl }fyhco, jfikjo lhw zfbpfyhzvyhw fw goczyolhjh poy hlnvchw hifahw xvf }fczklhc lh golbfch hnkzhcjo wvw hlhw $V}hyo}, 8;78+# Low hckbhlfw bèw nyhcjfw wf hnyvphc fc fl kc}kfyco phyh jhywf ghloy bvzvo { hiyknhywf jfl }kfczo, { hñc low hckbhlfw xvf woc hnyfwk}ow { wolkzhykow fc fl }fyhco pvfjfc dhgfywf nyfnhykow jvyhczf fl zkfbpo myâo jf kc}kfyco $BgLhgdlkc, 8;47+# Lh hnyfnhgk÷c jf h}fw bhykchw fc golockhw jf gyâh jfcwhbfczf poilhjhw, hl knvhl xvf ozyow hckbhlfw xvf wf fcgvfczyhc fc nyhcjfw bhchjhw fwzèc bèw pyozfnkjow goczyh low jfpyfjhjoyfw jfikjo h xvf low bkfbiyow jfl nyvpo fwzèc bfcow wvwgfpzkilfw h lh jfpyfjhgk÷c xvf wk fwzv}kfyhc fwzow kcjk}kjvow wolow# Yfpyojvggk÷c# Gèzfjyh1 Fgolonâh Moyfwzhl " Pyomfwoy1 Jy# Dvno Hgowzh" Kcn# Hlifyzo Bhljochjo# 9088

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Bvgdhw fwpfgkfw zkfcfc vc zhbhøo gyâzkgo"kcmfykoy jfbonyèmkgo $fc cñbfyow+ { jfcwkjhj $lh jkwpfywk÷c+ xvf fw cfgfwhykh phyh vch ivfch yfpyojvggk÷c { wvpfy}k}fcgkh# Low hckbhlfw jfl ogëhco hikfyzo, gobo ihllfchw { ozyow pfgfw jf hlzh bhy, zkfcfc vc pyoilfbh jf yfpyojvggk÷c wfyko {h xvf wf dh{hc wfphyhjow jf ozyow kcjk}kjvow jf lh bkwbh fwpfgkf { co pvfjfc fcgoczyhy h vc gobphøfyo# Hlnvcow hckbhlfw yfxvkfyfc vc gkfyzo cñbfyo bâckbo fc lh hnyfnhgk÷c jf wvw bkfbiyow hczfw jf xvf lh gyâh gobkfcgf# Fl hzfwzhbkfczo $nyhc ghczkjhj jf kcjk}kjvow+ fc poilhgkocfw jf èmkjow pyo}ogh vch kczfyyvpgk÷c jf lh pyojvggk÷c jf kcjk}kjvow wkc hlhw poy vch pyojvggk÷c jf dfbiyhw hlhjhw, lhw gvhlfw woc ghphgfw jf jkwpfywhywf h cvf}hw plhczhw# Fl fwzâbvlo jf yfpyojvggk÷c poy fl hzfwzhbkfczo zhbikëc fw }kwzo fc pèahyow xvf wf yfpyojvgfc fc golockhw $fl Xvfykjo, 8;74+, { wf dh wvnfykjo xvf vc bâckbo jf 80,000 pèahyow, fc vch jfcwkjhj ihah jf zyfw pèahyow poy bfzyo gvhjyhjo fw cfgfwhyko phyh fl fwzhilfgkbkfczo jf vch golockh jf gyâh hgfyzhjh jfl Goyboyèc xvf pyojvgf nvhco h lhw Kwlhw jf Pfyñ $Dvzgdkcwoc, 8;60+# Hl phyfgfy, fl fwzâbvlo pyopoygkochjo poy fl yvkjo { fl bo}kbkfczo jf ozyow pèahyow fw cfgfwhyko phyh pyfphyhylow phyh fl hgoplhbkfczo, lh kcgvihgk÷c, { lh hlkbfczhgk÷c jfl ao}fc# Gobo gocwfgvfcgkh jf fwzh ftknfcgkh, lhw gocgfczyhgkocfw nyhcjfw jf pèahyow pyobvf}fc wkcgyocâh fc lh yfpyojvggk÷c, xvf gobo wf pkfcwh, gocmkfyf }fczhahw h low kcjk}kjvow fc lh poilhgk÷c ihahcjo fl ykfwno jf jfpyfjhgk÷c# Fczocgfw wkcgyockqhcjo lh pyojvggk÷c jf wfbkllhw o dvf}ow low oynhckwbow pvfjfc ) wviwkwzky# ) Low jfpyfjhjoyfw h bfcvjo co pvfjfc fcmyfczhywf goc wvw pyfwhw gvhcjo lhw bkwbhw fwzèc fc cñbfyow nyhcjfw, jfikjo h xvf woc kczkbhjow# Jk}fywkjhj nfcëzkgh# Lh hnyfnhgk÷c jf oynhckwbow pyobvf}f lh }hykhgk÷c nfcëzkgh { fl polkboymkwbo fc vch poilhgk÷c# Lh hlzh jk}fywkjhj nfcëzkgh bfaoyh lh ghphgkjhj jf vch poilhgk÷c jf woiyf}k}ky h ghbikow, fc fl fczoyco kbpyf}kwkilf, { }hykhilf# Wk vch poilhgk÷c fw jfbhwkhjo pfxvføh, wf pvfjf llfnhy h lh fcjonhbkh lo xvf gocjvgkyè h vch jk}fywkjhj nfcëzkgh yfjvgkjh { hvbfczhjo fl ykfwno jf vch ftzkcgk÷c jfbonyèmkgh# Lh yfjvggk÷c jf jk}fywkjhj nfcëzkgh fc pfxvføhw poilhgkocfw pvfjf dhify gocjvgkjo h lh ftzkcgk÷c fc FF#VV# jf lh phlobh { lh nhllkch jf iyfqhl xvf fyhc hczfykoybfczf hivcjhczf fc Bhwwhgdvwfzzw# Dhgkh 8440, lh fwpfgkf mvf yfwzykcnkjh hl ]køfjo jf Bhyzh, vch kwlh jf lh gowzh oykfczhl jf Bhwwhgdvwfzzw, { vch yfwfy}h nyhcjf mvf fwzhilfgkjh phyh gocwfy}hy lh fwpfgkf# Low cñbfyow hvbfczhyoc dhwzh 9000 fc 8;8=, pfyo vc mvfno, vc }kfczo mvfyzf, { vc kc}kfyco yknvyowo gobikchjo goc vch hmlvfcgkh jf jfpyfjhjoyfw h}khyfw $nowdh~ew+ jkfqbhyoc lh poilhgk÷c# Low cñbfyow jkwbkcv{fyoc h phyzky jf fczocgfw dhwzh xvf fc 8;9> w÷lo 90 pèahyow mvfyhc jfahjow# Fl ñlzkbo pèahyo }kwzo mvf yflhzhjo fc 8;79# Hl phyfgfy, lhw ghzèwzyomfw chzvyhlfw jf 8;8= yfjvafyoc lh poilhgk÷c jfihao jf hlnñc ck}fl gyâzkgo# Gobpfzkgk÷c kczyhfwpfgâmkgh# Hvcxvf fwzo pvfjh zfcfy fmfgzow hj}fywow, lh gobpfzfcgkh kczyhfwpfgâmkgh $fczyf low bkfbiyow jf lh bkwbh fwpfgkf+ h bfcvjo hgzñhc phyh bhczfcfy vch poilhgk÷c whch { ikfc hjhpzhjh h wv fczoyco mâwkgo# Kcjk}kjvow fcmfybow { bhl hjhpzhjow co woiyf}k}fc lh gobpfzkgk÷c# Poy lh wflfggk÷c, zhl gobpfzfcgkh pvfjf jhy goc lh poilhgk÷c bèw hgfyzhjh fc kczfyhggkocfw kczfyfwpfgâmkghw $fczyf low bkfbiyow jf fwpfgkf jkmfyfczf+# Jk}kwk÷c jf zyhihao { goopfyhgk÷c# Fl gobpoyzhbkfczo jf vch golockh { wogkfjhj dh yfwvlzhjo wfy vc jfwhyyollo hgfyzhjo f}olvzk}o, gobo poy fafbplo fw f}kjfcgkhjo poy lhw doybknhw, h}kwphw, hifahw, { wfyfw dvbhcow# Zojow fwzow hckbhlfw dhc nhchjo }fczhahw phyh fl jfwhyyollo o lh goopfyhgk÷c { jf jk}kwk÷c jf zyhihao# Bvgdow Kcjk}kjvow xvf zyhihahc avczow pvfjfc hlghcqhy bèw yèpkjhbfczf low oiafzk}ow xvf hxvfl xvf zyhihah wolo, poyxvf lh goopfyhgk÷c mhgklkzh fl jfwhyyollo jf fwpfgkhlkqhgk÷c { fmkghgkh# Gèzfjyh1 Fgolonâh Moyfwzhl " Pyomfwoy1 Jy# Dvno Hgowzh" Kcn# Hlifyzo Bhljochjo# 9088

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Lhw hifahw oiyfyhw { doybknhw, lkifyhjhw h phyzky jfl zkfbpo { lhw jfbhcjhw jf fcfynâh jf yfpyojvggk÷c, pvfjfc kc}fyzky zojow wvw fwmvfyqow fc lh yfvck÷c jf hlkbfczow# Vc loio wolo cvcgh pojyâh hzhghy vc hlgf bhjvyo, fw poy fllo xvf lfw fw goc}fckfczf hcjhy fc nyvpow# Hjfbhw jf lhw }fczhahw poy hnyfnhgk÷c ftkwzfc zhbikfc vc cñbfyo jf jfw}fczhahw#

8# Lh gobpfzfcgkh kczyhfwpfgâmkgh#

Jfikjo h xvf lh wflfggk÷c chzvyhl hgzñh phyh yfjvgky lh gobpfzfcgkh fczyf lhw fwpfgkfw, low oynhckwbow kcjk}kjvhlfw h bfcvjo wvmyfc bèw fmfgzow hj}fywow poy gobpfzfcgkh goc kcjk}kjvow jf lh bkwbh fwpfgkf xvf goc kcjk}kjvow jf ozyhw fwpfgkfw# Hvcxvf lh gobpfzfcgkh kczyhfwpfgâmkgh pvfjf zfcfy fl fmfgzo ifcfmkgkowo jf jfwghyzhy h low kcjk}kjvow xvf fwzèc fcmfybow o xvf zkfcfc hcoybhlkjhjfw mkwkol÷nkghw, hchz÷bkghw o jf gobpoyzhbkfczo xvf lfw kbpkjfc gobpfzky goc ëtkzo# Gobo Jhy~kc $846;+ jkgf lo wknvkfczf1 )Lh lvgdh wfyè ghwk wkfbpyf bèw nyh}f fczyf low kcjk}kjvow jf lh bkwbh fwpfgkf, phyh xvf myfgvfczhc low bkwbow jkwzykzow, cfgfwkzhc lh bkwbh gobkjh { fwzèc ftpvfwzow h low bkwbow pflknyow#) Lh wvpfypoilhgk÷c pvfjf pyojvgky jkwzkczow zkpow jf lh gobpfzfcgkh# Low èyiolfw fc vc iowxvf jf ftgfwo goifyzvyh gobpkzfc poy fl fwphgko phyh ftzfcjfy wvw yhbhw, phyh lh lvq, lh dvbfjhj jfl wvflo { low cvzykfczfw jfl wvflo, { poy fl }olvbfc jf fcyhkqhbkfczo cfgfwhykow phyh pyopoygkochy fwzhiklkjhj# Vc ftgfwo jf goifyzvyh fc hbikfczfw wfgow pvfjf pyo}oghy fl fwzhcghbkfczo jf zojh lh poilhgk÷c, {h xvf ckcnvco jf low kcjk}kjvow zkfcf low yfgvywow wvmkgkfczfw phyh pojfy ftglvky h wvw }fgkcow { ghvwh vc hjflnhqhbkfczo chzvyhl# Fwzh fw vch wkzvhgk÷c gobñc fc hifzo Jovnlhw, { plhczhgkocfw jf pkco pocjfyowh fc lhw qochw wfghw jfl ofwzf jf Hbëykgh jfl Coyzf $Mknvyh 87#9+# Low fmfgzow jf lh yfjvggk÷c poy lh gobpfzfcgkh wf pvfjfc }fy glhyhbfczf fc lh mknvyh 87#7# 87#7# Wfggk÷c zyhcw}fywhl jf vc èyiol jf pkco oyfn÷c xvf bvfwzyhc low fmfgzow jf lh gobpfzfcgkh jf dvbfjhj# Fl èyiol goczhih goc > gb jf jkèbfzyo h low 40 høow, { 8: gb jf jkèbfzyo, ogdo høow jfwpvëw jf lh lkifyhgk÷c# $Goyzfwâh H# ]{wf, Golvbikh Iykzèckgh"ckwzfyko jf low iowxvfw#+

Lh wvpfypoilhgk÷c jf hckbhlfw pvfjf llf}hy h vch mvfyzf gobpfzfcgkh phyh lh hlkbfczhgk÷c# Wk vcow pogow kcjk}kjvow fafygfc jobkcko woiyf low jfbèw, fwzh gobpfzfcgkh pvfjf wkbplfbfczf yfjvgky fl cñbfyo dhwzh fl pvczo fc xvf zojow low jfbèw pvfjhc yfgkiky vch hlkbfczhgk÷c wvmkgkfczf# Fc ghwo jf co dhify wflfggk÷c chzvyhl, zojh lh poilhgk÷c wvmykyâh jfmkgkfcgkhw pvjkfcjo llfnhy h boyky# 9# Hvbfczo fc low ck}flfw jf fwzyëw#

Gèzfjyh1 Fgolonâh Moyfwzhl " Pyomfwoy1 Jy# Dvno Hgowzh" Kcn# Hlifyzo Bhljochjo# 9088

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G# Lh fgvhgk÷c jf gyfgkbkfczo lonâwzkgo { jf lhw poilhgkocfw yfhlfw Lh fgvhgk÷c jkmfyfcgkhl lonâwzkgh jf gyfgkbkfczo jf lh poilhgk÷c mvf pyopvfwzh poy lh OCV phyh lh poilhgk÷c dvbhch {h fc 8474 poy ]fydvlwz { ozyh }fq fc 8;90 poy Pfhyl { Yffj# Lh kcgoypoyhgk÷c jf low jhzow jfl gfcwo bèw yfgkfczf bowzy÷ xvf fwzow hvzoyfw mvfyoc jfbhwkhjo opzkbkwzhw hgfygh jf gvècjo lh poilhgk÷c dvbhch ftdkif vc phzy÷c jf gyfgkbkfczo lonâwzkgo## Gèzfjyh1 Fgolonâh Moyfwzhl " Pyomfwoy1 Jy# Dvno Hgowzh" Kcn# Hlifyzo Bhljochjo# 9088

80


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88


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89


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87


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86

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99


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97


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9:


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96

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70


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78

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79


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77


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7:


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Capitulo 13 del libro Ecologia Forestal de Kimmins

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