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SAP Batch Management Overview
Batch Management can be defined as tagging an alphanumeric or a numeric code to the material produced or material procured. Every batch number has an inventory quantity associated with it. This 10 digit code in SAP helps in uniquely identifying a material and the quantity associated with it. A partial quantity of production or procurement can be tagged with a batch number that clearly makes that material inventory unique. The Batch number generated for the material quantity not only helps in uniquely assorting the material inventory, but it also stores the characteristics values or the chemical composition or the product specifications at the time of its production or procurement.
Which Materials can be Batch Managed?
Typically you can say that material which can be stored separately without mixing and piling one over the other, is a good candidate for batch management. Product produced or procured has to be stored separately for it to be tagged with a batch number. If you mix all the pieces or mass together then the identification is lost. Case 1: Products which are powder in state like Iron ore, which is procured from vendors (in ships) and are dumped in a location losing any sort of traceability of when they were procured and from whom they were procured are not a good candidate for batch management.
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Case 2: At the same time, if Iron ore is procured from vendors (in ships) and piled up separately (every shipment is piled up separately) then you can think of making the product (iron ore) as a batch management candidate. Case 3: You can also take a case where products are Solid in state but are mixed together after production; where the producing company does not wish to keep any traceability of when it was produced and what were the product features or conditions at that point of time. In this case you can avoid Batch management or any recording batch specifications.
Perquisites in SAP for Batch Management
Activation of Batch Management at Material Level, Plant level or Client
Level
Creation of Number Range for Batch Management: Specify use of
Standard Internal Number Range or External Number Range or Both
Material should be activated for batch management
Life after Batch Management
Batch Management once activated in configuration and the material master‟s activated for batch management, then the material is stored in inventory at plant-storage location-batch level. In this case there is no question on mixing of material or loosing any sort of traceability.
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The plant inventory which would be normally stored in storage locations at the plant-storage location level would now be stored at the plant-storage locationbatch level; which means that every time you issue this material for further production or every time you deliver this to the customer, you have to mention the storage location as well as the batch number you are issuing. This may end your liberty of consumption of this material at plant-storage location level and you may get frustrated in knowing the batch number you are issuing every time.
Storage Location Stock before Batch Management: Material
Plant
M1
0001 -Trident Group Barnala
Storage Location FG
Unrestricted Qty 3502 Pieces
Stock
Storage Location Stock after Batch Management: Material
Plant
M1
0001 FG Trident Grou p – Punjab 0001 FG Trident Grou p - Punjab
M1
Storage Location
Batch Number
Unrestricted Qty
0000002369
1002 Pieces
0000005480
2500 Pieces
Stock
Activating or Deactivating Batch Management for a Material during the life of the Material
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Activating or Deactivating Batch Management for a product means that you would have to go through a lot of work: a) All the existing in-progress documents like the Purchase orders, Sales orders deliveries, Production orders, Batch Classifications or Batches, which are using the Material batches should be reversed, archived or deleted. b) All the Material Stock should be made = 0 The best way to do it is, moving the stock of the material to a temporary material or writing off all the stock for the material. Once you have done this you can activate or deactivate the material for batch management. c) You can then bring back all the stock from the temporary material to this original material.
When is a Batch created in SAP
When is a Batch Created in SAP: A 10 digit batch is created in SAP for a batch managed material at the following instants of goods receipt for the material:
a) A Batch is created at Goods Reciept from Production (Movement type 101): When you carry out Goods receipt for a Batch Managed Material from a production order or a process order or a run shcedule header, the system creates a batch for the received quantity and material.
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The batch received would have an internal batch number assigned (or an external batch number assigned as per configuration).If the configuration is set at External batch numbering, and then you would have to assign a batch number before saving the goods receipt. The received stock would be associated with the batch number and any further inventory movement for the material quantity would be made using the batch number. The goods receipt movement types are MB31, MIGO, and MIGO_GR through movement type 101 - GR from Production order.
b) A Batch is created at Goods Reciept from Purchase order or STO (Movement type 101): When you carry out a goods receipt for a batch managed material from a Purchase order (or a STO - Stock Transport order), the system creates a Batch number (if the configuration is set at internal batch numbering). If the configuration is set at External batch numbering, then you would have to assign a batch number before saving the goods receipt. The purchase order goods receipt is from an external vendor, whereas STO receipt is from a supplying plant in the same or different company code. If the Batch Management is set at plant level then in the case of STO transfers the batch number in all possibilities would change at the goods receipt in the receiving plant. If Batch Management is set at Material Level then the supplied material batch would be adopted at goods receipt in the receiving plant. The goods receipt movement types are MB31, MIGO, and MIGO_GR through movement type 101 - GR from Purchase order. In the case of STO you could also create a goods receipt from an outbound delivery created at the sending plant.
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c) A Batch is created at Goods Receipt from Production - By Product receipt: When you carry out by-product goods receipt for a batch managed material from a production order or purchase order using MB1c-531 movement type, the system creates a Batch number.
d) A Batch is created at Goods receipt from Initial Inventory Creation: When you carry out goods receipt as a part of initial inventory creation through 561 or 501 movement types, the system creates a Batch number for a batch managed material.
Summary - A Batch in SAP is created at a Goods Receipt of a Batch Management Material When you receive a Goods Receipt of a Batch Management Material through any GR Movement type, SAP Triggers creation of a Batch number for the received quantity. Above were listed only a few major GR Transaction code and Movement type.
SAP Batch Specifications
Batch Specifications
Define Batch Specifications
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A Batch is created in SAP as a master data prior to production or at receipt of stock from a vendor through a purchase order or at the receipt from a production order. A Batch contains a place holder for maintaining various production or product specifications in the form of Batch characteristics.
Maintaining Batch Characteristics Values or Batch Specifications is not mandatory at all: It is not mandatory that you maintain batch specification in a batch. You can create batches for material inventory without any batch specifications. Maintaining Batch characteristics values for batches is an Optional Feature.
Batch Specifications Example:
If you producing steel billets of a certain quality, you can maintain specifications for a certain production batch as Material = Steel Billet Plant = 0001 Batch Number = 0000056239 Carbon
= 0.16
Si
= 0.2
Magnesium
= 0.15
Sulfur
= 0.022
Potassium
= 0.025
Al
= 0.02
How to Make a Batch Unique with Batch Specifications:
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To make batch specifications unique by adding characteristics such as Production Date, Production Line, Shelf life of Product or even the supervisors name. If you add these sorts of characteristics with values you would be successful in making a batch unique with unique set of batch specifications. Making a batch as unique as possible helps differentiating between multiple batches which make it easier for back traceability. In the above example of Steel Billte production, you can add some more characteristics in the batch classification, as below: Material = Steel Billet Plant = 0001 Batch Number = 0000056239 Carbon
= 0.16
Si
= 0.2
Magnesium
= 0.15
Sulfur
= 0.022
Potassium
= 0.025
Al
= 0.02
Production Date
= 25th Dec 2009
Production Time
= 13:12:08
Production Line
= L3
Shelf life
= 25th Dec 2019
Batch Specifications Target Values:
Batch characteristics can a predefined value maintained. You can maintain the following:
An absolute value or absolute values
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Absolute values predefined will force you enter no other value other than these predefined ones in the batches. A Character format Characteristics STEEL_PRODUCT_GROUPS can have predefined values such as Billets, Coils, Rounds, and Bars. While a Numeric characteristics can have predefined values for characteristics “BILLET_LENGTH” as 10m, 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m,
A Tolerance Range Value
A Tolerance value range predefined in the batch characteristics will force you enter no other value other than These predefined ones in the batches. A Character format characteristic cannot have tolerance ranges. A
Numeric
format
characteristic
CARBON_CONTENT
can
have
predefined tolerance ranges such as 0.1 – 0.3.
Leave it blank for entry in the Batches during GR or Tolerance Entry in the Material Master
there can be situations where you may want to enter any value in the Batch and not restrict to predefined values in the characteristics Tolerances ranges at Batch Characteristics Level - There can be situation where the tolerance ranges change with respect to the materials characteristics combination.
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Tolerances range Material Wise – There can be situations where the tolerances for the characteristics changes with respect to materials, i.e. characteristics CARBON_CONTENT may not be 0.1 to 0.3 for all the materials and it may vary for each material, to do this you would have to assign a value for the batch class characteristics in the material master and not in the batch characteristics level. You have to enter a value for the characteristics in the material master classification view, say MATERIAL = M1 for Batch Class STEEL_CHEMISTRY would have a value 0.15 – 0.3 for the characteristics “CARBON_CONTENT”.
Master Date Maintenance for SAP Batch Specifications: If you want to maintain batch specifications for a produced or purchased batch you need to maintain a set of master data in the order mentioned:
Creation of SAP Characteristics
Create
Characteristics
through
the
use
of
transaction
code
CT04.
Characteristics are the actual Specification master data with predefined values or number range or open for entry of any value. For example to have something called carbon % you have to maintain a characteristics called – “CARBON_CONTENT”. Similarly you have to create all the characteristics that you want to use for recording values. While Creation or during change of characteristics, you can define target predefined values for the characteristics or define a tolerance number range within which the recorded value should exists or leave it blank for input of any value during result recording for the characteristics. Though there can be situations where the allowed tolerances changes material wise; in which case you can leave the values section in Characteristics as blank and maintain the required tolerances in the characteristics at the material master classification view for the batch class or material class.
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For example, you can have for the characteristics “CARBON_CONTENT” you can define a tolerance number range of 0.17 - 0.24 which means that any resultant value that you would record should be mandatorily within this range.
Or
as
a
second
example
for
characteristics
PRODUCTION_LINE_NUMBER” you can have predefined set of values such as L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 to choose from during result recording in the Production Batch. Please see below for details on how to create the characteristics. Example: Carbon_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.1 – 0.3
Si_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.1 – 0.3
Mg_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.2 – 0.5
S_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.01 – 0.03
P_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.01 – 0.004
Al_Content (Characteristics)
= Predefined Range 0.01 – 0.004
Production Date (Characteristics)
= No Predefined Value
Production time (Characteristics)
= No Predefined Value
Production Line (Characteristics) Shelf Life (Characteristics)
= Predefined Values L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 = No Predefined Value
Note – when you leave the predefined values as blank in the characteristics, it means that any value can be entered or it can also mean that the values change with respect to material master and you have to maintain the values or a value tolerance range in the material master.
Creation of SAP Batch class
Once you have created all the characteristics, you have to create a class using transaction code CL01.
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A class is a place holder for characteristics. Eventually you would assign the class to a material master. By assigning a class to a material master you would be indirectly assigning all the characteristics to the material. See the illustration below: STEEL_CHEMISTRY (Batch Class type 023) Carbon_Content (Characteristics) Si_Content (Characteristics) Mg_Content (Characteristics) S_Content (Characteristics) P_Content (Characteristics) Al_Content (Characteristics) Production Date (Characteristics) Production time (Characteristics) Production Line (Characteristics) Shelf Life (Characteristics)
When you create a Class, you have to specify the class type, whether it is a batch class or a material class or any other class type for use in any other modules. Batch class type 022: If you are using Plant Level Batch Maintenance. Batch class type 023: If you are using Material Level Batch Maintenance or Client Level Batch Maintenance. You should include a description of the class and the characteristics or specifications that should be included in the class.
Create Material Master Classification View and assign a Batch Class
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Extend or create Material Master Classification view and add a batch class type to the classification view (Transaction code MM02 or MM01 – Material Master Change or creation) You can add batch class type 022: If you are using Plant Level Batch Maintenance. You can add batch class type 023: If you are using Material Level Batch Maintenance or Client Level Batch Maintenance. Assigning a batch class to the material classification view would indirectly assign all the characteristics to the material master. Thus whenever you create a batch for this material through MSC1n or you receive materials in stock from production order or process order or purchase order goods receipt you can record values for these assigned characteristics only. See the illustration below: STEEL_BILLET_123 (Material Master) STEEL_CHEMISTRY (Class type 023) Carbon_Content (Characteristics) Si_Content (Characteristics) Mg_Content (Characteristics) S_Content (Characteristics) P_Content (Characteristics) Al_Content (Characteristics) Production Date (Characteristics) Production time (Characteristics) Production Line (Characteristics) Shelf Life (Characteristics)
Characteristics have a predefined format (character alphanumeric or date or numeric format) and a predefined set of values in the form of direct values or in
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the form of allowed tolerance range or no values (without any values suggesting allowed for random value entry in batch). Note: There can be situations where the allowed tolerances changes material wise; in which case you can leave the values section in Characteristics as blank and maintain the required tolerances in the characteristics at the material master classification view for the batch class.
Configuration Management
Required
Activating Batch Management Levels: Transaction code – OMCE
for
Batch
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The Foremost configuration in Batch Management is activating the level at which batch management would work. The following are the levels at which you can activate batch management:
Plant level: Batch Unique at Plant Level The Batch Numbering for a material is specific to a plant. When you are using an internal numbering scheme for batch numbers in SAP, Material M1 can have a batch number B1 in a Plant 0001, while Material M2 can also have a batch number B1 in the same plant. Batch numbering is unique for the material. If a material stock for Material M1 with Batch B1 is transferred from plant 0001 to another plant 0002 it would definitely have a different internal batch number generated at good receipt in that plant and the user has an option to store different batch characteristics values (batch specifications) for the batch in the plant 0002. Every Material Batch stock stored at storage location level may have batch specifications stored under it. Material Batch specifications may be the same for batches. It is not necessary that the specifications stored under material batches are always unique.
If a material batch B1 at plant 0001 is created with the following specifications (specifications are stored in batches through the use of batch characteristics): Internal Width = 5mm External Width = 10mm Length = 5m
There can be other batches (Material M2, Batch B2) in the plant for the same material produced with the same specifications:
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Internal Width = 5mm External Width = 10mm Length = 5m
If you want to keep batch specifications unique at material batch level in a plant then you have to include characteristics like Date of Production, Shift of production, may be even the Line used for production. For example Material M1 – Batch B1 – Plant 0001 >>> Internal Width = 5mm External Width = 10mm Length = 5m Date of Production = 25th Dec 2010 Shift of Production = S2 Line = L23
Material M1 – Batch B1 – Plant 0001 >>> Internal Width = 5mm External Width = 10mm Length = 5m Date of Production = 25th Dec 2010 Shift of Production = S3 Line = L23
Material level: Batch Unique at Material Level The Batch Numbering at material level means that 2 or more materials can have the same batch number in a plant, i.e. Material M1 can have batch B1 in Plant 0001 and Material M2 can also have batch B1 in Plant 0001.
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Though when a Material batch is transferred to another plant (Stock Transfer) it would mandatorily have the same batch number and the same batch characteristics values, i.e. if the material Batch M1-B1 is transferred to plant 0002 from 0001, the batch number for the material M1 at the receiving plant 0002 would remain the same (B1) and the batch characteristics and the characteristics values (batch specifications) would also be adopted from the sending plant (0002) Note – In Material Level Batch Management, the batch management should be activated for all the plants where the material is extended.
Client Level: Batch Unique at Client Level A Client is a SAP Box which can contain a set of company codes and plants under it. In such cases if you define batch management at client level, it means that the material M1 would keep the same batch number (say B1) across all the plants and across all company codes in the client. This also means that the batch classification values or characteristics values would also remain the same across. Note - If you want to go back to Material level batch settings you can do so at any time by changing the configuration to material level batch management, but you cannot go back to plant level from the client level settings.
Activating Batch Management Status: Transaction code = OMCS After activating Batch Levels, it is logical to activate batch management status. There is no harm in doing this. The only good that this setting does is that it can tag the material batch stock as unrestricted or restricted which is an added
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advantage to stop the batch from being used even when the batch stock lies in unrestricted stock type (restricted batch status). Batch status can be looked at as an added stock type over and above the standard stock types in SAP like the unrestricted stock, Blocked stock, Quality stock. This means that:
If a batch stock is in quality stock type or blocked stock type and tagged
with unrestricted batch status, then it‟s still counted as quality stock.
If a batch stock is in quality stock type or blocked stock type and tagged
as restricted batch status, then it‟s still counted as quality stock, though when you move the stock from quality to unrestricted stock type, the batch stock would still be not-available for use since the batch status – restricted is still stopping it from consumption.
Similarly when a batch stock is in unrestricted stock type and tagged with
restricted batch status the batch stock is unavailable for consumption.
You can choose to configure a default batch status, whenever a batch is manufactured or received in stock. Using transaction code OMCT, you can change the batch status
Activating Batch Status at Plant level: Once you have activated Batch Status Management feature, there is an option in SAP, to choose the plants at which you want to use this functionality.
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Activating Internal Batch number assignment: Using transaction Code = OMCZ, you have to activate internal batch number assignment. And at the same time you have to use transaction code OCHA to set the internal number allocation of batches at goods receipt to automatic for the plants you choose.
Configuring Batch Where used List: Transaction code = OCHA The batch where-used list is set to active at all the plants, but you would have to manually select synchronous posting of batch where used records. Selecting a plant for synchronous posting means that you trace the batch history (batch history of receipts and consumptions) across all the plants. A batch where-used list can tell you the production order through which the batch was produced, the object where the batch was issued (production order or sales order), in short the batch where-used list gives you the list of objects from where the batch was produced from and the objects where the batch was issued to. If the batch is under inspection with an inspection lot, the list also shares the inspection lot number. You can switch between a Top-down hierarchy option and a Bottom-up hierarchy option that gives you the batch where-used information in various hierarchical ways. Uses – Batch traceability, i.e. Understanding the history of a batch thereby analyzing the history of batches in case when there are customer complaints. You can use the following path to enter in to this transaction setting:
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Logistics General Batch Management Batch Where-Used List Make Settings for Batch Where-Used List
SAP Characteristics
One can create characteristics through the use of transaction code CT04 in the cross application classification system of SAP. A characteristic is a Specification master data which defines the specification and gives it an identity in SAP. Characteristics describe the properties of objects. Example: Characteristic “COLOR” has the values 'red', 'green', and 'blue'. When you classify an object, you use this characteristic to specify the color of the object. Example: Characteristic “Viscosity” has the values ‟10 cP', ‟20 cP', and ‟30 cP'. When you classify an object, you use this characteristic to specify the color of the object.
SAP Characteristics are mostly used to define specifications and record their values for example “width of product”, “length of product”, “color of paint”, “density of steel coil”, “tensile strength of steel coil”, “pH value of product”, “viscosity of product”, “carbon content in steel”, “magnesium content in steel”, “etc. On the other hand you can define characteristics to record values for “manufacturing line”, “shift supervisor” etc, SAP also provides standard reference characteristics with automatic value recording for characteristics like the “Production date”, “shelf life”, “last goods receipt date” etc., referencing the same from a SAP table and field.
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As a consultant we can use characteristics in the material class or batch or variant class to record values for certain features or characteristics which are not available in SAP or not provided by SAP. SAP Characteristics can be used to define values for a given feature in:
A Batch Class defining the specifications and their values for the produced goods
A Material Class defining the standard theoretical material specifications
A Variant classes where specifications are used to configure a product according to customer provided values
Any other Class type where you have to define certain features and specifications and give predefined values to it, as required.
When creating a characteristics, one needs to define the format for the values it would carry (character alphanumeric or date or numeric format) and if required a predefined set of values which are allowed for use at the time of result recording (Values in the character format if the characteristics is a character format characteristics or the values can be numerical in the form of single value or tolerance range. If the Characteristics have no values, then any value can be recorded for the characteristics provided the “additional values allowed indicator in the characteristics is set).
Note: There can be situations where the allowed tolerances changes material wise; in which case you can leave the values section in Characteristics as blank and maintain the required tolerances in the characteristics at the material master classification view for the batch class.
Characteristics are also called as General characteristics and they differ totally from the Master inspection Characteristics. A Characteristic is linked with the Master Inspection Characteristics, so that the QM inspection data recorded against a Master Inspection characteristic can flow in to the Characteristics of the Batch Record.
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Eventually the characteristics are grouped together in a class to specify the set of characteristics that belong to a particular group of Materials. This grouping of characteristics is called “Creation of Class”. This Class is further Assigned to a set of Materials that have the same set of characteristics.
Creation of SAP Characteristics For creating characteristics you have to maintain at least the basic data view to specify the name, description, group and format of the characteristics. You can use the description tab to specify the description of the characteristics in various languages used for log-on. The Allowed values tab can be optionally used to restrict the values that would be used while recording the characteristics. The Additional data tab can be used to make the characteristics a reference characteristic so that its values can be fetched from a standard SAP table. At the same you can set to be a hidden characteristic or characteristics which would not carry any values at all. The Last tab called the restrictions tab allows you to restrict the use of the characteristics to a certain class type only. This again is optional. Not doing this allows you to use the characteristics in any class type across the client. Basic Data View
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Name of Characteristics
If the name is more than one word then use underscores (underscore _) to separate the words in the name. For example Characteristics steel carbon content can have a name such as “CARBON_CONTENT”. It is always recommended that you should not use blank or hyphens as a word separator. Description of Characteristics You can maintain a description of the characteristics name chosen. For example you can have a description as – Carbon Chemistry %.
24 | P a g e Characteristics Group You can create a characteristics group in configuration, but you can choose not to use this field. Status You should use the characteristics status to lock it for use or to release it for use in classes. If you are creating in the process of creation, you can also choose the status – “in Preparation”.
Format of Characteristics One can create characteristics, to have a value in date format or character format (alphanumeric value up to 30 characters) or a numeric value (with number of characters and the number of decimals places within those characters and a UOM).
For example if you are creating a characteristics with characters as 5 and number of decimals 3, it can carry a value as – 12.345 and if you are creating characteristics with total characters as 7 and number of decimals as 2, then it can carry value as – 12345.67. UOM
The UOM of the characteristics has to be pulled in from the drop-down available. If a certain UOM does not exist in the drop down, you should create the UOM in the SPRO (IMG customizing). Units of measure are defined in Customizing for Global Settings by choosing Units of Measurement. Use the transaction code CUNI for creating or changing the Unit of Measure (path SPRO >>> SAP Net Weaver >>> General Settings >>> Check Unit of Measure.
Template of characteristics
You can have a predefined template with number of characters and decimals and UOM preconfigured thereby avoiding the pain of entering characters, decimals and UOM.
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Single or Multiple Values You have to mention whether you want to maintain single value result or multiple value (more than one value) result for the characteristics (when it is used).
Intervals allowed When you choose intervals allowed, you can maintain values in the form of intervals for numeric characteristics instead of maintain an absolute value. For example you can maintain result value for the characteristics (wherever it is used in batch class or material class) in the form of intervals. Note: If you want to activate the characteristics as an intervals allowed then the characteristics should be marked as “Multiple Value” Characteristics (This is a Mandatory requirement) Restrictable Characteristics
You can restrict the allowed values for this characteristic in Variant configuration.
Entry required When you feel that the users should always maintain/record a value for this characteristics (wherever it is used), you should mark the characteristics as mandatorily required for entry. If the characteristics is being used in a batch class with an entry required indicator, then without a Characteristics value being entered for this characteristics goods receipt is not saved (thus value becomes mandatory). Similarly if the characteristic is used in a material class, a value entry for the characteristics in the material master classification view becomes mandatory. Assigning Object Dependencies If you want to hide a characteristics value assignment or you want to hide the characteristics, depending upon the value of other characteristics or if you want to assign a value to a characteristics depending upon the value of other characteristics,
26 | P a g e then you can make use of object dependencies and assign the same to the characteristics or to the value of the characteristics which you want to govern.
You can assign the following type of object dependencies to a characteristics or characteristics values:
A) Pre-conditions (Both Characteristics and Characteristcis values) B) Selection Conditions (Both Characteristics) C) Procedures (Both Characteristics and Characteristcis values)
1st Example: Pre-conditions for Characteristics Values
If you are producing a Honda car, then a "Accord EX" Brand can only have "Leather Seating of Type AA". Create two characteristics "Brand" and "Seating" and assign both the characteristics the material that is being produced, it can be a configurable material used in varaint configuration or it can be a regular material whose value assignment needs to be governed (it can be controlling the value assignment in material class or a batch class or in a variant class) see below:
Characteristics - BRAND 01 - HONDA CITY 02 - HONDA CIVIC LX 03 - HONDA CIVIX EX 04 - HONDA ACCORD LX 05 - HONDA ACCORD EX
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Characteristics - SEATING
01 - CLOTH SEATING TYPE TQ 02 - CLOTH SEATING TYPE HV 03 - LEATHER SEATING TYPE PT 04 - LEATHER SEATING TYPE AA ($SELF.BRAND = '05')
The object dependencies "Z01" - Precondition (just an example name) can be created as a precondition with an algorithm $SELF.BRAND = '05'. The object dependency must be assigned to the value 04 - Leather Seating of Type AA of the characteristics "Seating" 2nd Example: Pre-conditions for Characteristics Values You may also want to hide the characteristics Value - "04" (Leather seating of type AA) for characteristics "Seating", if the characteristics "Brand" does not have a value "05" (Honda Accord EX), then you need to create an object dependency "Z02" and assign it to the characteristics value "04" of the characteristics "Seating"
Object Dependency - Z02 - Precondition - $SELF.BRAND = '05' and SPECIFIED BRAND
3rd Example: Pre-conditions for Characteristics The characteristics "Seating" is available for use and value assignment if the value of the characteristics "Brand" is "05" (Honda Accord EX). To have the characteirstics open, you can do so by assigning an object dependency (Z03) to the characteristics "Seating" at the header level. Object dependency Z03 - Precondition - $SELF.BRAND = '05'
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4th Example: Pre-conditions for Characteristics Values
You may also want to hide the characteristics "Seating", if the characteristics "Brand" does not have a value "05" (Honda Accord EX), then you need to create a object dependency "Z04" and assign it to the characteristics "Seating" at the header level.
Object Dependency - Z04 - Precondition - $SELF.BRAND = '05' and SPECIFIED BRAND
5th: Selection Condition for Characteristics Assigning Selection Conditions to characteristics would make it mandatory for the value assignment to the characteristics based on a value assigned to the other characteristics.
The characteristics "Seating" should be entered with a characteristics value if the value of the characteristics "Brand" is "05" (Honda Accord EX). To have the characteristics mandatory for input, you can do so by assigning an object dependency (Z05) to the characteristics "Seating" at the header level.
Object dependency Z05 - Selection condition = $SELF.BRAND = '05'
An object dependency - Z03 - Precondition added to the characteristics would unhide the characteristics "Seating" if brand = 05 (Honda Accord EX) - $SELF.BRAND = '05'
Both the precondition and selection condition working together would firstly unhide the characteristics and make an entry mandatory respectively.
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Procedures are object dependencies which are used to infer the characteristics values. Procedures can be used at characteristics header level or at characteristics value level. In variant configuration scenarios you can assign procedures to the configuration profiles.
In Variant configuration, procedures can be used to change BOM quantity or change the Routing/Recipe Standard Values.
Procedures are also used to default values to characteristics. For example: When you are in a business of manufacturing of steel, you can have the theoretical weight of the steel billets inferred through the weight and length of the billet as shown below:
Characteristics
Width = P m Length = Q m Height = R m Weight = ? cubic meter Packing_Type =
$SELF.Weight = $Self. width * $Self.Length * $Self.Height
30 | P a g e Similarly, you can also infer the value of characteristics "Packing_Type" depending upon the weight of the steel billet. Use a source code as below:
$Self. Packing_type = 'CONTAINER1' IF $Self.Weight < 100 $Self.Packing_type = 'CONTAINER2' IF $self.Weight > 100
Descriptions View
Maintaining Descriptions
You can maintain descriptions in various languages to have the description shown when a user logs on in various other languages other than English. The other use of descriptions is for printing them on forms or certificates that you may send to the customer with the characteristics value.
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If you want to maintain in other languages other than English, then you can enter the language code and enter the description in that language. If you don‟t maintain the description in other languages, then on, logging-in SAP in that given language, you would not see the description of the characteristics.
Values View
In this view, you can predefine allowed values for the characteristics.
If the characteristic is a character format characteristic (COLOR), you can manually define the allowed value as RED, YELLOW, BLUE, GREEN. The number of characters used to define the value should be equal to the allowed characters define in the basic data view of the characteristics.
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If the characteristic is a numeric format characteristic (pH), you can manually define the allowed value as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 pH. The number of characters used to define the value should be equal to the allowed characters define in the basic data view of the characteristics. For numerical characteristics you can also define tolerance ranges within which the characteristics values should be set or you can define the allowed values to be equal to or greater than or less than a certain value.
Other Value Check
The “other value check” option allows you to enter the allowed values manually or fetch the same through a „check table‟ maintained in SAP or to restrict the
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allowed values through a logic programmed in a functional module or have the allowed values directly brought in from a QM catalog for character format characteristics as shown below:
Additional Data View:
You can define the characteristics as reference characteristics to pull in the values of the characteristics from a standard „SAP Table – Field Combination‟. Enter the Table name and the field name in the tab area as shown in the screen below:
34 | P a g e a) Table Name – Define the SAP Table name where the values are referenced from while recording the Characteristics
b) Field Name – Define the SAP Field name where the values are referenced from while recording the Characteristics
Not ready for input
If you select this indicator for the characteristic, the values cannot be entered manually and would be referenced automatically or entered through other programmatic methods.
No Display
The Characteristics is hidden and you have to press the “Hidden Characteristics” Button to see these characteristics.
Display Allowed Values
The allowed values are shown on the screen below the characteristics; you don‟t have to pull-down to see the allowed values.
Restriction View
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If you want to restrict a Characteristics for use in a particular Class Type, then you can enter the Class types that you are restricting the characteristics to, in the Restrictions Tab, For Example if you want to use a characteristics “G2I_VISCOSITY” in the Batch Class type 023, and not in the Material Class type- 001, then don‟t enter 001 in the restrictions tab.
If you don‟t use the restrictions, you can use the characteristics in any class type as required.
SAP Class and Class Type
SAP Class and Class Type
Define Class and Class Type
You can use SAP transaction code CL01 (CL02/CL03) to create a characteristics.
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Instead of directly assigning the characteristics to an object like the material master or a batch, SAP has come up with a simpler solution, where it first assigns the characteristics to a class and then assigns the class to the object. Classes are created for a class type, for example, if you want to create a class assigned with characteristics for defining the material features, then the class type is called “material class type – 001”, if you are creating a class with a set of characteristics to be used for recording the batch related values, then you have to create the class with a “batch class type – 022 or 023” etc. A class is created for a purpose, for assignment to a certain object and for a certain reason; this very reason defines the class type of the class. A class is created with a class type, name and description (in languages required) and with the set of characteristics required for recording values against the class. The class type determines how classes are processed, and how objects can be classified and retrieved in these classes. You define class types for a specific object type, such as materials. Material class Batch class
Class Where-Used List If you run the where-used list for classes, you can see the assigned objects to the classes. For this you would need to go to CL02 or CL03 Transaction menu >>> environment >>> Press where-Used List. You could also use the transaction codes CL30N - Find Objects in Classes or CL31 - Find Object in Class Type or CL6BN - Object List
Class List Report
37 | P a g e You can use the class list to check the list of classes and the assigned characteristics with their formats. Similarly you can check the class hierarchy using the CL6B transaction code in SAP.
Creation of SAP Class and Class Type Classes are created individually in SAP using the CL01 transaction code while class types are pre-configured by SAP. Following steps are required to create a class: Basic Data View
38 | P a g e The Basic Data view contains the following. You should first enter values for the Basic data view explained as below:
•
The class type for which you are creating the class for
•
The Name of the class
•
The Description of the class. You can also define keywords for the class.
•
The Validity of the class with the “valid from” and the “valid to” dates
•
Status: You should use the characteristics status to lock it for use or to
release it for use in classes. If you are creating in the process of creation, you can also choose the status – “in Preparation” •
Class Group: The classification of a class or the grouping of the class helps
in reporting or retrieving a certain class. •
Assignment of the class to an organization area like Sales, purchasing,
production, where the characteristics of the class are going to be used. This is really optional •
“Do not check” for identical characteristics values in the classification of an
different object of the same class •
When identical values are assigned to the classification of different object
using the same class, the system issues a warning – Check with warning •
When identical values are assigned to the classification of different object
using the same class, the system issues an error – Check with error •
Authorization restriction for maintaining, using the class for classification
and searching objects of the class.
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•
Assignment indicator – defines whether objects are already assigned to the
class. Characteristics View
In the characteristics tab, you have to enter the name of the characteristics which is required to be assigned to the class. Pressing F1 on the characteristics in the characteristics tab would divert you to the characteristics master data. When you insert characteristics in the characteristics tab, the format of the characteristics is also pulled in. Documents View You can also assign documents to the class through the documents view
Assignment of SAP Classes to Objects
Assign of Classes to Objects
40 | P a g e The classes have to be assigned to the objects. Objects in SAP are mostly materials; though they can be other objects in SAP where classification is required (this is not discussed
here).
Assignment
of
classes
to
material,
indirectly
assigns
the
characteristics to the objects or the material master.
Class Where-Used List
If you run the where-used list for classes, you can see the assigned objects to the classes. For this you would need to go to CL02 or CL03 Transaction menu >>> environment >>> Press where-Used List. You could also use the transaction codes CL30N - Find Objects in Classes or CL31 - Find Object in Class Type or CL6BN - Object List
What are Objects
If you wish include batch class to capture batch management characteristics values at the point of goods receipt from the order, you should assign the material with a „batch classes‟ (class type 022 or 023)
If you wish include material class to capture material (product features) characteristics values at the point of creating a material, you should assign the material with a „material classes‟ (class type 001)
If you wish include variant configuration class to capture configuration values with characteristics at the point of creating a sales order, you should assign the configurable material with Variant class (300)
Similarly if you are trying to use configurable class – 200 to the materials so as to use the same in variant configuration, you should assign the class 200 in the material variants (and not in the configurable material).
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Create Assignment of Classes to Objects
The assignment of the classes to the objects is carried out using the following methods:
The material master (MM01 or MM02) itself in the classification view
Example:
Material Master Classification View: Material = M1 Assignment Class 1 Assignment Class 2 Assignment Class 3 Assignment Class 4 Assignment Class n
Or through the use of CL20N (Assignment of classes of single class type to
single material master) Example: Material = M1 Class Type = 023 Assignment Class 1 Assignment Class 2 Assignment Class 3 Assignment Class 4 Assignment Class n
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Or through the use of CL24N (Assignment of single class of a
single class type to multiple materials) Example: Class = XYZ Class Type = 023 Assignment Material 1 Assignment Material 2 Assignment Material 3 Assignment Material 4 Assignment Material n
Or assign classes to a superior class, thus creating class
hierarchies through the use of CL22N Example: Class = XYZ Assignment of class 1 Assignment of class 2 Assignment of class 3 Assignment of class 4 Assignment of class n
Other Points about SAP Classification
Other Points about SAP Classification
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Other important points and tricks about SAP Characteristics and Classes:
Changing characteristics or removing characteristics from the class:
When a SAP Characteristic is used in any class and assigned to the objects (for example – material, batch etc) and further classified in objects with values (like in material master or batches), it becomes really difficult to remove the assignment of the characteristics from the class or change the characteristics master data (especially for format). If you wish to really remove the assignments or change the characteristics (you would have to go back in the same route you have come): 1st: First you would have to use the where used list for the characteristics and find out the objects to which it is assigned. You will get a list of classes and the objects (materials and batches) to which the characteristic is assigned to. 2nd: You would have then „remove or delete‟ any classification values set on all the objects for the characteristics or class (material or batch). For deleting the whole classification, there is a provision especially in the batches initiated by pressing the “delete classification button”. On the other hand, you may also removing values for the required characteristics from all the objects. To go to the classification area, you should go to classification tab in the batches or in the classification view of the material master. 3rd: After the steps 1 and 2 are done, the system would let you remove the „characteristics‟ from the class or classes. This removes any connection of the characteristics with the classes and the objects.
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4th: Then you can change the characteristics master data for the format; you may create new characteristics with the correct details and then reassign it to the class or classes.
Note: There is a program in SAP to remove or delete the characteristics from the classes even though they are classified in objects. This Standard SAP program “RCCLZUOB” can be used.
Deleting the class:
Follow the below steps so to delete a class. The system will not let you delete the class, if the class is already assigned to objects and they are classified in materials or in batches or in variant classes. 1st: For deleting the class, you would have to go in to the where-used list of the class and find out the objects to which it is assigned to (for example – materials, batches). 2nd: Then you should go individually in to the materials to remove the assignment of classes from the materials; alternatively you can go in to CL24N to remove the assignment of materials for the class and class type. If the system does not let you remove the assignment of the classes from the materials then you should delete the classification (i.e., delete all the classified value for the material or in other words remove the classified values for all the assigned objects). If the class is a batch class you should go and delete the classification from the batches classification view and for material class you should go in to the material master and remove the material classification values. This will let you delete the class…
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3rd: Deleting the assignment of the objects would let you delete the class using CL02 transaction.
SAP Batch derivation Definition Transferring batch characteristics values or batch master fields from the sender batch to the receiving batch is called “Batch Derivation”. The component batches
can
pass
on
their
Field
values/characteristics
values
to
the
manufactured batch. Events at which the copy of characteristics values to the manufactured batch is possible =
At Goods Receipt of the manufactured quantities
At Release of order
At Usage Decision
At Batch Creation
Batch Derivation Example The following is an example of batch derivation at production order or process order release. Production order / Process order = 1000120 for Material M1
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Step 1: Define the transfer characteristics from the issued or sending component batches to the manufactured batch.
Issued
Batch
Component C1
Concerned
Value
Characteristics B1
B2
Require
Logic
Transfer
COLOR
RED
NO
WIDTH
2M
YES
Move Average Value
LENGTH
10 M
YES
Move Average Value
HEAT NUMBER
H1
YES
Move the Minimum
COLOR
RED
NO
WIDTH
3M
YES
Move Average Value
LENGTH
10 M
YES
Move Average Value
HEAT NUMBER
H1
YES
Move the Minimum
Step 2: At Goods Receipt of the order or at Release of the manufacturing order or at usage decision, the transfer of characteristics can be triggered from the sending batch/es to the receiving batch/es. Manufactured
Batch
Material M1
Concerned
Value
Whether Copied over
Characteristics BX
DIAMETER
5 MM
WIDTH
2.5 M
Move Average Value
LENGTH
10 M
Move Average Value
HEAT NUMBER
H1
Move the Minimum
SAP Batch Derivation Types
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There are 2 types of Batch Derivations, Pull and Push Batch Derivation.
Pull Derivation
Pull derivation exists when there are multiple sender batches and one receiver batch. Batch Master Characteristic‟s values or Batch Master Field values can be transferred to the receiver batch from the sender batch. For a given characteristics either its value from the first batch can be copied over or an average value can be copied over to the receiver batch. Pull Derivation = Many Senders >>TRANSFERRED>> One Receiver =
n
senders
–1
Receiver
Push Derivation
When there are many receivers and 1 sender. You have to choose whether the batch derivation is a push derivation in the sender condition record. An example of Push derivation can be: When you procure a component batch and use it to produce chemical products which are produced in bulk and stored in various bulk containers marked with unique batch numbers, in this case you if you want to transfer a component
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batch characteristics value or component batch master fields to the receiver batches, then you can do so using “Push Batch Derivation”.
Push Derivation = One Senders >>TRANSFERRED>> Many Receiver =
1
senders
– n Receiver
Steps in Settings up SAP Batch Derivation One can use the following steps to set up batch derivation in SAP.
Step 1:
Activate Batch Where used list One should activate the Batch where used list, in the configuration with the BaWU Synchron.posting indicator on– Allowing the system to figure out the sending batches and the sending characteristics values. There is no Transaction code for this, you have go to Logistic General >>> Batch >>> Batch Where Used List.
Step 2:
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Batch Derivation Activation Batch Derivation should be active in configuration so as to use this functionality. Use transaction code DVSP.
Step 3:
Setting Batch Derivation Search Procedure Techniques
It becomes really impossible for us to inform the system about the sending batch number (for each and every batch) and the characteristics/rules to transfer to the receiving batch number/s. Thus we use the batch search procedures and conditions records to direct the system so that for all the sending material batches at the “plant” level should be considered in the search and its data should be transferred to the receiving material batches. A similar condition record should be set for the receiving side so that all the material batches at the “receiving plant” level should be considered in the search and they should receive the characteristics data. Setting the sending condition on “sending plant” and the receiving condition on the “receiving plant” is just an example. You could define the levels at which condition records should be defined
through
the
standard
condition
table
and
access
sequence
configuration SAP makes it easier for the users to make various combinations of levels for the sending party and the receiving party, to do this you should choose the condition fields as supplied by SAP and create a condition table and use these tables or key combinations to assign them in an access sequence with priorities. This suggests that you can make use of more than one key combination assigned in priorities so that if the condition record for one combination is not found, the system can make use of the next condition
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record to search for the sending batches and the receiving batches involved in the transfer. Once the Condition tables, access sequences, strategy types, and search procedures are configured for the sending party and the receiving party, you should then create condition records at the defined levels or defined key combination, for the sending party and the receiving party. For example If the sending key combination or sending condition record is to be defined at the “sending material-plant” level, then you should define the “actual sending material and the “sending plant” in the condition records and the characteristics involved in the transfer. On the other hand you should also define the condition records key combination for the receiving party, for example if you make a definition at the “receiving material-receiving plant level”; you should enter the actual receiving material and the receiving plant involved in the derivation, to help the system to search for the receiving batches. While you create the receiving condition records, you should maintain a set of transfer specific rules i.e., if the sender field/characteristics value is empty or the sender is overwriting any existing characteristics values in the receiving batch then should it error out the transfer or issue an warning or do nothing and
on
the
other
hand
you
can
direct
the
system
to
send
minimum/maximum/average value of the sender characteristics if there are more than one sender batches or more than one value is defined for the characteristics in the sending batch. The Batch derivation procedures and the condition records, for the sending party and the receiving party, which are set, it helps the search for all the concerned sending batches and the receiving batches, and identifies the rules defined in them, so that the characteristics values can be transferred to the receiving batches.
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Steps in setting up Batch Derivation Condition techniques
1. Create Sending Condition Tables
SAP provides a set of standard key combination sets or preconfigured sending condition tables. Conditions tables are created with a combination of conditions field all provided. You cannot add your own field. Each Condition table contains a key combination. You can alternatively create your own sending key combination/condition tables other than that provided by SAP as shown above, by creating a custom sending condition table. Following set of sending conditions fields can be used to create your
own
sending
key
combination
or
sending
condition
table
(Use
configuration Transaction code DSC1): Receiver Material Receiver Material Type Sender Material Sender Material Type Sender Plant The key combinations or condition tables (for the sender) as provided by Standard SAP are as below: Sender Material Number (Table 010) Sender Material Type (Table 011) Receiving material + sending material (Table 012) Receiving material type + sending material type (Table 013) Sending Plant (Table 502)
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You can create your own condition table – 901 with the following condition fields Sending material + Sending Plant (Table 901)
2. Create Receiving Condition Tables
SAP provides a set of standard key combinations set in preconfigured receiving condition tables. Conditions tables are created with a combination of conditions field all provided. You cannot add your own condition field. Each Condition table contains a key combination. You can alternatively create your own receiving key combination/condition tables other than that provided by SAP as shown above, by creating a custom receiving condition table. Following set of receiving conditions fields can be used to create your own key combination or receiving condition table (Use configuration Transaction code DRC1): Material Number Material Type Receiving Plant The key combinations or condition tables (for receiver) as provided by Standard SAP are as below: Receiving Material Number (Table 001) Receiving Material Type (Table 002) Receiving Plant (Table 501) You can create your own condition table – 902 with the following condition fields
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Receiving material + Receiving Plant (Table 902)
3. Create Sender Access sequence,
Create Sender access sequence so as to help in searching the attributes of the sender batches. Some field key combinations or sending condition tables are already grouped together in priority sequence in the standard SAP Batch derivation access sequence “BDS1”. The field combination which are set in a priority sequence in the configuration represent the field key combination that would be used to create the master data for sending party, which in-turn would help in searching the attributes of the sender batches. If you choose to create your own access sequence, you may do so; when you do that you have to assign the sending condition tables in your own defined priority sequence. Transaction code is DSC5 to create access sequences in configuration. SAP offers the following receiving condition tables (key combinations) for use in the access sequence BDS1 arranged in a priority: 10 Receiving material + sending material (Table 012) 20 Sender Material Numbers (Table 010) 30 Sending Plant (Table 502) You can create your own sending access sequence arranged in a required access sequence: You can call this sending access sequence as “ZDS1” 10 Sending Plant (Table 502) 20 Sending material + Sending Plant (Table 901)
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4. Create Receiver Access sequence,
Create receiver access sequence to search for the attributes of the receiver batches. Some field key combinations or receiver condition tables are already set up in the standard SAP Batch derivation access sequence “BDR1”. The receiver condition tables which are set in a priority sequence in the configuration represent the field key combination that would be used to create the
condition
record
master
data
for
receiving
party,
containing
the
characteristics and rules, which in-turn would help in searching the attributes of the receiver batches. If you choose to create your own receiver access sequence, you may do so; when you do that you have to assign the receiver condition tables in your own defined priority sequence. Transaction code is DRC5 SAP offers the following receiving condition tables for use in the access sequence BDR1 arranged in a priority sequence: 10 Receiving Material Number (Table 001) 20 Receiving Material Type (Table 002) 30 Receiving Plant (Table 501) You can create your own receiving access sequence arranged in a required access sequence: You can call this sending access sequence as “ZDR1” 10 Receiving Plant (Table 501) 20 Receiving material + Receiving Plant (Table 902)
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5. Sending Condition Type (Strategy type)
Sending Condition types is created to assign the sending access sequence to it. Standard SAP already has done this for you. In SAP, the standard sending condition type BDS1 is created and assigned to the standard sending access sequence BDS1.
Transaction code is DSC6.
6. Receiver Condition Type (Strategy type)
Receiver condition types are created to assign the receiving access sequence to it. Standard SAP already has done this for you. In SAP, the standard receiving condition type BDS1 is created and assigned to the standard receiving access sequence BDS1.
Transaction code is DRC6.
7. Sending Batch Derivation Search Procedure
Sending Batch Derivation Search Procedure contains the sending Condition type.
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Various condition types are assigned in a priority sequence for use for searching the sending batches and its data.
Note: You can choose to assign more than one condition type set in a priority while building a search procedure. Transaction code is DSC7.
8. Receiver Batch Derivation Search Procedure
Receiver Batch Derivation Search Procedure contains the receiving Condition type. The various condition types are assigned in a priority sequence for use for searching the receiving batches. Note: You can choose to assign more than one condition type set in a priority while building a search procedure. Transaction code is DRC7.
Step 4:
Define the Batch Derivation Event
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Defining derivation event would tell the system of a business event to trigger batch derivation, i.e., a point in time to transfer batch characteristics values from a sender batches to a receiver batches. The transaction code to configure the derivation events is DVC8. To configure the batch derivation event, the following information is fed to the system: A) When do you want to trigger the batch derivation? The answer to this question decides when you would wish to trigger the batch derivation
@ Release of production/process order
@ Goods receipt from production/process order
@ Usage Decision
@ Manual Batch Derivation
@ Batch Master creation
B) What would be the Sender/Receiver Batch Determination Procedure?
The answer to this question decides the search of the sender batch and the receiver batches to copy/compute the batch characteristics values for the receiver batches.
Assign a Sender Batch Derivation Search Procedure
Assign a Receiver Batch Derivation Search Procedure
C) What is the type of Batch Derivation?
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The answer to this question decides what would be the type of Batch Derivation that is required for business use.
Static batch derivation transfers the characteristics values of the sender batches to the receiver batches. A derivation log is generated in the derivation Monitor.
Dynamic batch derivation does not transfer the characteristics values of the sender batches to receiver batches, it only simulates the transfer. The receiving batches are not automatically updated with the transferred values; you would have to manually change it.
D) Do you want to display the batch derivation results The answer to this question decides whether the derivation results are displayed.
Display in Errors
Hide when ok
Always Display
Always Hide
Following steps can be followed to implement batch derivation in your organization:
Step 5:
Creating Sending Condition Records or Sending Batch search Strategies
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When you configure the system till the creation of batch derivation search procedures for both sending and receiving parties, you would eventually create the master data for the sending conditions. To create the sending condition records you should follow the process as below using the transaction code DVS1/DVS2/DVS3: Choose the batch derivation strategy from the drop down >>> Then choose a key combination as set in access sequence >>> and then create the sending batch derivation strategy master data by entering values for the condition fields of the key combination >>> Enter the characteristics that you would want to transfer the values from the sending batches >>> Save. There is not much of data entry when you create the sending condition record apart from assigning the characteristics for which values are to be transferred to the receiving batches. You can set master data for more than one key combination (a key combination decides the master data level at which the master data is created), but the system at the time of execution would first access the first condition key combination and check whether the master data exists for the sending batches, if the sending batches are not found using the first sending condition record master data, the system would check whether the master data for the sending batches exists for the second key combination condition and if the batches are not found using the master data under the second sending condition records then it will go to the next key combination in the access sequence and search whether master data for the sending batches is created for the third key combination, so on and forth.
Step 6:
Creating Receiving Condition Records or Receiving Batch search Strategies
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When you configure the system till the creation of batch derivation search procedures for both sending and receiving parties, you would eventually create the master data for the receiving conditions. To create the receiving condition records you should follow the process as below using the transaction code DVR1/DVR2/DVR3: Choose the batch derivation strategy from the drop down >>> Then choose a key combination as set in access sequence >>> and then create the receiving batch derivation strategy master data by entering values for the condition fields of the key combination >>> Assign the characteristics for which you want to receive the characteristics values >>> Assign rules for the characteristics. The Rules for the receiving characteristics are concerned with the following sending characteristics attributes:
While you create the receiving condition records, you should maintain a set of transfer specific rules i.e., if the sender field/characteristics value is empty or the sender is overwriting any existing characteristics values in the receiving batch then should it error-out the transfer or issue an warning or do nothing and on the other hand you can direct the system to send minimum/maximum/average value of the sender characteristics if there are more than one sender batches or more than one value is defined for the characteristics in the sending batch.
You can set master data for more than one key combination (a key combination decides the master data level at which the master data is created), but the system at the time of execution would first access the first condition key combination and check whether the master data exists for the receiving batches, if a receiver batch derivation master data does not exists for the first key combination and the system fails to search the receiving batches using this condition record, it would further check whether the master data for the
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receiving batches is covered in the second key combination condition and if the master data does not exists under this given condition then it will go to the next key combination condition in the access sequence and search whether master data for the sending batches is created for the third key combination conditions, so on and forth.
Step 6:
The Actual Derivation
Once the batch derivation configuration is done and the master data is set, the derivation is triggered at the point where it is defined for. SAP issues messages of success or error or information when the derivation finishes. You can define in transaction code DVC8 – Batch derivation Event configuration, if you want such messages to be popped-up after the derivation.
Batch Determination Define Batch Determination
Batch Determination is used in inventory management, production, sales and distribution, warehouse management. It is used to select batches and allocate the same in a manufacturing order or in an outbound delivery or in a goods issue/goods transfer in inventory management. In Production, Sales & Distribution, in inventory management or in warehouse management, batch determination is used to search and allocate batches for the components in production order/process order or to search and allocate
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the delivery batches in a customer based outbound delivery or to search for batches and allocate batches in goods issues. The tools that batch determination uses is the determination condition techniques based on the condition tables, access sequence and strategy types. These condition types are enough to choose and allocate batches. Though additionally batch determination uses selection classes and its characteristics values to choose batches and/or uses sorting rules to choose sort batches while selection based on characteristics and its values. We have already learnt in batch derivation documentation, how the search procedures condition techniques help in searching the sending batches and receiving batches and thus derive the transfer of characteristics values. Similarly you can use the search procedures techniques to search and select batches during batch determination.
SAP Batch Determination Condition Techniques
SAP Batch Determination Condition Techniques
You can follow the steps as below to create Batch Search Procedure Techniques:
First Step – Create Batch Determination Condition tables
Batch determination condition tables once created become the key combination fields for searching batches. Eventually the condition records or search strategies are created as master data based on these key combinations. The Condition Tables are created separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales.
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Second Step – Create Batch Determination Access sequence
Batch determination access sequences have multiple condition tables (key combinations) assigned in a sequence of priority. This facility allows you to create data for many key combinations so that even if the search of batches fails on the first key combination condition the rest in the priority would help in search. The Access Sequences are created separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales. The below screen-shot shows all the screens involved in the access sequence configuration.
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Third Step – Create Batch Strategy Types
Batch Search Strategy holds multiple access sequences, though not assigned in any sequential priority. The assignment of the strategy types is separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales. The strategy types or condition types are assigned in priority in the next step called “Batch Search Procedure Definition”. The strategy type‟s configuration holds the selection criteria and the sort rules used in batch determination techniques. Strategy types are used ultimately to create the batch search master data or batch search condition record so that the system would know the exact level at
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which search for batches is to be carried out along with the selection/sort rules of these batches. It is obvious that batch search strategy is used to search batches on certain rules, because you want to automate the process and do not want it to do it manually for each and every batch. Thus you have to aid the system in putting in a decision such as - search all the batches of a given plant or search all the batches of a given set of material at a plant or search batches for a given component or etc.
Additionally the system gets a help from the selection criteria or the sort rules to select and sort the batches for a characteristics value. Though the selection criteria and the sort rules are optional if the condition tables and the strategy types are enough to search and assign the batches to the business objects. The selection and sort rules can be defined separately and assigned to the strategy type. See the explanation below:
Create Selection class (Optional in Batch Determination) – Selection class is used to help the system choose a certain batch based on the characteristics and their
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fixed values. Therefore when you create a selection in SAP using transaction code BMC1 (BMC2/BMC3). You would then assign the selection class to the strategy and use the same in the condition record master data. In the condition records you need to enter the required fixed values against any class characteristics that you would want to use to search the batches.
Create Sort Rules (Optional in Batch Determination) – Sort Rules are used to help the system sort the batches for the given class characteristics. When you create the sort rules in Batch determination, you would select the characteristics on which you would want to sort the batches for selection and assignment to an object. The characteristics on which the sort rules are based upon (LAST_GR) is shown in the screen-shot below.
Fourth Step - Create a Batch Search procedure
A Batch Search procedure holds multiple strategy types assigned in sequential priority. The Batch search procedure thus becomes the final configuration which holds the total search configuration together. The Batch Search Procedures are created separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales.
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Fifth Step - Batch Search Procedure Allocation and Check Activation
In this step you allocate the batch search procedure to the respective modules. In the case of inventory management, the Batch search procedures are assigned to the Movement types. In the case of production or process order, the batch search procedures are assigned to the production plants and order types. In the case of Sales and Distribution the Batch Search Procedures are assigned to the Sales Areas and Sales document type. In the case of Warehouse Management, the Batch Search procedures are assigned to the Warehouse number and they can be also assigned to the warehouse number + Movement type combination. The below screen shot shows the batch search procedure assigned to various SAP logistical areas. There are 4 screens illustrated in one screen shot below.
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Sixth Step – Creation of Batch Search Condition records or Batch Search Strategy
When the entire configuration for batch search condition techniques is done, you would create the Batch search condition records using varied transaction codes: For Inventory management - MBC1 – Create, MBC2 – Change, MBC3 – Display For Production order/Process order - COB1 – Create, COB2 – Change, COB3 – Display For Sales and Distribution - VCH1 – Create, VCH2 – Change, VCH3 - Display For Warehouse Management - LS51 – Create, LS52 – Change, LS53 – Display
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The Batch Determination Search Strategy or Condition records can be created as below:
Step 1: Enter the Strategy Type – For example C001 in Production order Scenario
Step 2: Press Enter
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Step 3: A Key combination is provided by the system to choose from. Choose a Key combination for which you want to create the condition record for. The Key combination in this case is Order type + Plant + Component.
Step 4: Enter the Values for the order type, plant and the component combination for which you want the system to search the batches during batch determination. Also enter the Validity Period for which the Batch Master Strategy would be valid and can be used by the system. Enter the values of the following fields while creating the batch strategy master data or you can also have the values of these fields brought in from the “Batch strategy type configuration”
Number of allowed Batch splits – Enter the allowed number of batch splits during batch determination. Batch splits specifies the number of batches that can be picked so as to satisfy the requirement quantity.
Select the “Change allowed” indicator – If you want the number of batch splits to be flexible and it can be changed as per the situation, so as to satisfy the quantity required.
Over delivery Allowed – If you select this indicator, the batch split can pick up batches whose batch quantity could possibly exceed the requirement quantity.
UOM to display the batch quantities in, during the batch determination process. It could be in stock keeping UOM or in unit of entry of the document.
Select the “Dialog for Batch determination” – If the batch determination is run in the foreground and if you want the results of batch determination to pulled-up in a dialog box, you should select this indicator. Forget this indicator if batch determination is always carried out in the background.
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Routines – You can assign Routines to help in quantity proposal. If there is no special routine that you have created for batch determination then you can set this field with a default value as “1”. Routines in SAP would carry out certain functions. For example you can write a routine to select the batches in batch determination based on your own special rules and logics which cannot be covered by search procedures, selection classes and sort rules.
Selection Type – Specifies the following options which are self explainable.
N O F
Immediate selection according to selection criteria No selection at beginning of batch determination Selection with no selection criteria Selection criteria cannot be changed in batch determination
Step 5: If you are working with selection classes, you can assign the characteristics values for which you want the system to select the batches during batch determination as shown in the screen shot below. If you are working with Sort rules as well, you can assign a sort rule (create the sort rule before you create the Batch Search Strategy).
Illustration of Batch Determination Condition Technique Configuration
This particular Illustration of Batch determination condition techniques configuration is shown for SAP PP/PPPI.
Step 4: Create Batch Search Procedure 0010
CO0001 10 ZP01 (Existing Standard SAP Batch Search Strategy)
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ZP0001
10 ZP01 (Assign here - Batch Search Strategy Z001)
Step 3: Create Batch Search Strategy Z001 (Assign Here – Access Sequence Z001) C001 (Existing Standard SAP Search Strategy) Step 2: Create Access Sequence 0010
Z001
10
901
ZCD1 (Assign Here – Condition Tables
0010
Z001
20
902
ZCD2 (Assign Here – Condition Tables
0010
Z001
30
903
ZCD3 (Assign Here – Condition Tables
ZCD1) ZCD1) ZCD1)
Step 1: Create Condition Table 901
ZCD1 (Choose Here – Condition Fields from a set
provided) Choose Condition Fields Plant Step 1: Create Condition Table 902
ZCD2 (Choose Here – Condition Fields from a set
provided) Choose Condition Fields Component + Plant Step 1: Create Condition Table 903
ZCD3 (Choose Here – Condition Fields from a set
provided) Choose Condition Fields Order type + Plants + Manufactured Material + Component
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Pre-requisite for SAP Batch Determination in SAP PP/WM
Pre-requisite for SAP Batch Determination in SAP PP/WM
When you want to use batch determination in SAP PP/WM you should also use the “Batch Entry” Field in MRP3 View: For the Batch Determination to work in production order for the components, you should have a value for the “batch entry” field. The values if set to “3” will carry out batch determination automatically and if set to “blank” will not carry out batch determination for the components in the production. Batch Determination in Logistical areas
Batch Determination in Logistical areas
Batch Determination In Production
Batch determination is used in production to search for component batches in the production order or in the process order component list. It also reserves the batches for the production order. These batches once assigned get included in the reservation list created for the order. The selection of inventoried component batches can be based on the simple batch search procedure techniques with or without the selection class and sort rules. Determination of batches can be an automatic procedure or can be triggered manually.
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Note that:
The components should be batch managed
If selection rules and sort rules are to be applied for determination of batches, the components should be classified with a class. Most of the times the selection is on Batch Class. Though you can select on the basis of any other class.
For the batch search procedure to work as per your conditions records, selection rules and sort rules, you should configure batch determination in Production order and/or Process order (as per the type of manufacturing set up) and maintain the required master data: a) Create the required configuration for Batch search procedures using the path - Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check b) Then assign Production order and/or Process order Batch search procedure to the “Order type and Plant combination” using the path -Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check >>> Batch Search Procedure Allocation and Check Activation >>> Assign Search Procedures to Production and Activate Check c) Create condition records in the front end using transaction code COB1 (Change/Display - COB 2/ COB3)
Example:
As a simple example, you would want to manufacture a product M1 with batch managed components C1, C2, C3; out of which you would like to have the
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system automatically select batches for the product C3 based on the following rules: The selection classes and the sort rules can be illustrated as below:
Select Batches which has a selection class (Batch Class) called as = ZCOMPONENT. This batch class should have been assigned to the component The Values of the following characteristics are entered while creating the selection class. The other characteristics which exist in the class are not used for selection purpose.
pH = <=3
COLOR = RED
LOBM_RLZ = < 100 Days (Remaining Shelf Life for Batch)
LOBM_ZUSTD = “Released” (Standard Characteristics for Batch Status)
Though please note that use of selection class is optional; this example uses selection class since the business process demands. Depending upon the batch master strategy or the condition record created for a given production order or process order strategy type (for example with a key combination = Manufactured Material + Plant + Component) and depending upon the selection class rules set for the selection classes, the system would select the component batches.
Selection of the component batches should also be based on a FIFO Sort rule (First In First Out) so that the component batches lying in stock do not age out. To do this you would create the sort rule with a Characteristics – LOBM_HSDAT (Date on which batch was produced) placed in ascending order and FIFO_LAST_GR_DATE (which is a reference characteristics referencing the field last GR data – MCHA + LWEDT) also placed in ascending order of selection.
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ZSORT_SEQ_1 –
Production
Order
Component
Selection
Sort
Sequence Characteristics LOBM_HSDAT FIFO_LAST_GR_DATE
Ascending/descending Ascending Ascending
Batch Determination In Sales and Distribution
Batches can be assigned to the quantity based contracts or in quotations early in the process so that they can be reserved for the customer. Though assigning to these objects can lock your inventory, thus disallowing it to be used for any other customer delivery. Similarly in the sales order, you can assign the batches through automatic determination based on condition techniques supported by selection classes and/or sort rules. You could have the determination done manually as well in the sales order. Assignment of the batches to the Sales orders is required if the customer requests batches of a certain specification set or if you want to choose batches in the sales order based on certain sort rules or based on certain characteristics values maintained by you to classify the inventory. Since there is no Batch Split in Sales order Batch determination allowing the system to assign multiple partial batches, the system finds itself incompetent to assign multiple partial batches to satisfy the sales order line item demand. Even though with such as shortfall in functionality, if you still want to allocate batches to the sales order line item through Batch determination you can do so
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and call the batch selection screen through manual batch determination and have the batches chosen manually to satisfy the quantities. Whereas In Outbound Deliveries, you can use Batch determination and have the system allocate batches or pick the batches. The Good News is that outbound delivery has the functionality of Batch split and allocation of multiple batches to satisfy the sales order line item quantity. Having Batch determination late in the sales business process would make sure that the inventory is not locked up for a very long time. Batch determination in the outbound deliveries can be triggered manually or can be automated as per the configuration. You can also change the determined batches and overwrite the same till they are issued to the customer. Batch Determination in outbound deliveries can be made using the condition techniques, the selection classes and the sort rules. Follow the example below to know more about batch determination in outbound deliveries.
For the batch search procedure to work as per your conditions records, selection rules and sort rules, you should configure batch determination in Sales and Distribution and set up the required master data: d) Create the required configuration for Batch search procedures using the path - Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check e) Then assign Sales and Distribution Batch search procedure to the “sales area and document type” using the path -- Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check >>> Batch Search Procedure Allocation and Check Activation >>> Allocate SD Search Procedure/Activate Check f)
Create condition records in the front end using transaction code VCH1
(Change/Display - VCH2/VCH3).
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Example:
If you want to carry out batch determination for all the materials that are sold out of the plant through an outbound delivery, then you can create a condition technique with or without the selection classes and sort rules. Though in „outbound delivery‟ batch determination, most of the customers would mandatorily base their batch allocation on selection classes, values of the characteristics in these classes and sort rules. The selection classes and the sort rules can be illustrated as below:
Select Batches which has a selection class (Batch Class) called as = ZCOMPONENT. The Values of the following characteristics are entered while creating the selection class. The other characteristics which exist in the class are not used for selection purpose.
LOBM_RLZ = < 20 Days (Remaining Shelf Life for Batch)
LOBM_ZUSTD = “Released” (Standard Characteristics for Batch Status)
Though please note that use of selection class is optional; this example uses selection class since the business process demands.
Selection of the finished product batches should also be based on a FIFO Sort rule (First In First Out) so that the batches lying in stock do not age out. To do this you would create the sort rule with a Characteristics – LOBM_HSDAT (Date on which batch was produced) placed in ascending order and FIFO_LAST_GR_DATE (which is a reference characteristics
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referencing the field last GR data – MCHA + LWEDT) also placed in ascending order of selection. ZSORT_SEQ_2 – Outbound Delivery Selection Sort Sequence Characteristics LOBM_HSDAT FIFO_LAST_GR_DATE
Ascending/descending Ascending Ascending
Batch Determination In Inventory Management
It is logical that for all the movement types which are involved in goods issue, you would want to search for batches from inventory. The business processes can be goods issue to production order or process order, transfer posting, return to supplier etc. For the batch search procedure to work as per your conditions records, selection rules and sort rules, you should configure batch determination in inventory management and set up the required master data: g) Create the required configuration for Batch search procedures using the path - Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check h) Then assign Inventory management batch search procedure to the “movement types” using transaction code OMCG (Logistics >>> Batch Management >>> Batch Determination and Batch Check >>> Batch Search Procedure Allocation and Check Activation >>> Allocate IM Search Procedure/Activate Check)
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i)
Create condition records in the front end using transaction code
MBC1 (Change/Display - MBC2/MBC3).
If you want to be generic, you can have the condition tables set at the Plant level or Movement type + Plant level; whereas if you want to be more specific or detailed you can have the condition tables set at Movement type + Plant + Material level. On the other hand, if you have forgotten to enter any batch determination condition techniques or if you have forgotten to assign them to the movement types, the system would eventually carry out an availability checks and choose a batch for you (for which you would have to put an asterisk - *, in the batch field while creating the goods movement. Use in Inventory Management - When you create the goods issues, you can enter an Asterisk “*” in the Batch Field and expect the system to throw up a batch number. Putting an asterisk would provide an available batch number from the stock or provides a batch number as per the batch search condition techniques set. And if you have forgotten to configure batch determination in inventory management, the system would search the batches based on standard availability checks and provide you with a batch number. Define Batch Specific Unit of Measure
It is observed that SAP provides Standard Base Unit of Measure, which is the stock keeping unit of measure, and also offers Alternate Unit of Measure, which can be used as goods issue unit or production unit of measure or even sales unit of measure, apart from the standard base unit of measure. The alternate unit of measure is a directly or indirectly proportional to the base unit of measure through a maintained conversion in the material master. This tool is powerful in situations when the alternate unit of measure is always convertible through the base unit of measure, though in case when the
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alternate unit of measure is not convertible through the base of unit of measure and the conversion factor is ever changing then this tool called Batch Specific Unit of Measure comes into play. The same can be explained below:
Big Question:
SAP offers Base Unit of Measure and Alternate Unit of Measures then why does SAP offer Batch Specific Unit of Measure:
a) The Base Unit of Measure is the primary Unit of Measure (stock keeping unit), but there are so many production processes, purchase processes or sales processes which have to take in to consideration dynamic alternate unit of measures, which are not based on a theoretical conversion factor.
b) SAP offers Alternate Unit of Measure which is based on theoretical material master conversion factors which cannot be changed during the actual execution of the process. It can be only changed as a part of material master data changes. For example if you are in the manufacturing of Steel Billets, you would probably work with a base unit as “Each” or “Pieces” and an alternate unit with a fixed conversion factor as “Kg” or “Ton”, let‟s say 1 EA = 200 Kg
c) So for production processes or purchase processes or for sales processes, there can be an alternate unit of measures which could vary
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every now and then or could change for every lot that is produced or purchased. Therefore SAP has come up with something called Batch Specific Unit of Measure.
d) In Batch Specific Unit of Measure configuration, you would normally define the base unit of measure, the corresponding batch specific unit of measure and the conversion factor which is to be maintained as a characteristics value in the batch that would be received from purchase or production, thus allowing maintenance of an ever changing conversion factor for every batch.
e) Batch Specific Unit of Measure allows you to change the conversion factor for every batch that is produced or procured, allowing the derivation of quantities in actual alternate unit of measure and not based on a theoretical alternate unit.
f)
So, at the point of Goods Receipt, conversion of quantities maintained
in alternate units based on a conversion factor maintained as batch characteristics level is called “Product Unit - Based Batch Specific Unit of Measure”.
g) Similarly you can also use batch specific unit of measure to calculate the proportions of ingredients with respect to the base unit of measure. For example 100 milliliters of a particular batch of fruit juice contain 30.0 milligrams of vitamin C and 10.5 grams of sugar, as well as the fruit juice proportion. This is called “Proportion based Batch Specific Unit of Measure”.
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Steps to Set-up Batch Specific Unit of Measure
Steps to Set-up Batch Specific Unit of Measure
Step 1: Activate Batch Specific Unit of Measure
As a part of configuration you should first activate Batch Specific unit of measure. For activating batch specific Unit of measure, you have to make sure that batch management is also active. Similarly the materials involved should also be batch managed in SAP ECC.
Step 2: Define the Batch Specific Unit of Measure
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As a part of configuration, you are supposed to inform the system, the alternate unit of measure which you are going to use as batch specific unit. If the standard SAP does not provide this alternate UOM (which have decided to mark as the batch specific UOM) you have to create it in SAP using the transaction code CUNI. For example: The Base Unit of measure can be “PIECES” while the alternate UOM which you are going to treat as the batch specific UOM can be “Kg”. Through the use of the following configuration transaction code (IMG >>> Logistics -General >>> Batch management >>> Batch specific material unit of measurement >>> Edit batch specific material unit of measure) you are supposed to update the Batch Specific UOM that you would be using, for example “Kg” as shown below: (The screen for configuration would look as exactly as below)
New Entry Details – Edit Batch Specific Unit of Measure UOM Batch Specific UOM UoM Ref UoM KG Kilogram KG Kilogram
Dimension Text No Dimension
Step 3: Create the UOM for the Batch Specific Conversion Factor
In order to run Batch Specific Unit of measure, a characteristic is required to be added to the batch class that would carry the conversion factor for deriving the
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alternate Batch-Specific UOM. Therefore it is mandatory to create this UOM prior to going ahead in your aim. If this UOM already exists in the system then you can go to the next step. We should create the “non-dimensional UOM” that would be used as a UOM for the characteristics through the use of a SAP transaction code CUNI. For example create the UOM – “K/E” – Kilograms per Piece; this is the UOM of the characteristics used as the conversion factor value. Using the conversion factor characteristics with a UOM brings us closer to solving the jigsaw.
Step 4: Create the Conversion Factor Characteristics for the Batch Class
Create the Characteristics in the transaction code CT04 and assign the same to the batch class of the product which requires the batch specific conversion. When you create the characteristics you should assign the UOM created in the step 3 – Batch Specific conversion factor UOM. For example you can create characteristics called “KG_EA” with a description Kilograms per Piece” and the UOM can be K/E The characteristic that is created should be a numeric format characteristics and it cannot carry multiple values.
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Step 5: Assigning the Conversion Factor characteristics to Batch Class
Use the transaction code CL02 and assign the characteristics (conversion factor characteristics) to the batch class. Apart from just assigning the characteristics to the class, you also need to classify the Batch class at the header as a Special Batch Class by entering a value “S” (Substance Steel) in the class header for the field – “Organizational Area”. You also include the value “S” for the characteristics in the screen where you list the characteristics of the class (characteristics tab of the “class change” transaction). This activity would ensure that SAP would use this characteristic in carrying out the batch-specific unit of measure functionality.
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Note – This batch class should be assigned to the material master which requires the functionality of batch specific UOM. For example you can assign the characteristics “KG_EA” to the class “STEEL_BILLET”. Assign this Batch class to the material – “STEEL_BILLET_00001”
Step 6: For Product Quantity Conversion Configuration
This step requires one, to define the “Conversion of Base Quantities from product quantity” or “define conversion from product quantities from Base quantity”.
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As a part of configuration you have to disclose or educate the system about the 2 Unit of measures involved in the conversion and the UOM that would be assigned to the characteristics carrying the conversion factor. To do this you should add information about the following: a) Unit of Measure of the Conversion Factor characteristics used in Batch Specific Unit of Measure – Include the Unit of measure created for the batch characteristics conversion factor involved in Batch Specific Unit of Measure. For example enter this value as “K/E” (Kilogram per Each)
b) Base of Measure – Specify the base of measure involved in the conversion. For example “Each” (or pieces)
c) Batch Specific UOM – Specify the alternate unit of measure which would be calculated through the conversion factor entered in the batch characteristics. For example “Kilogram”. Quantity in terms of kilogram would be derived in the batch specific UOM calculations.
This would help the system to convert from the Base UOM to Batch Specific UOM; similarly you can also configure the conversion of Batch Specific UOM to Base UOM.
Transaction Path: IMG >>> Logistics -General >>> Batch management >>> Batch specific material unit of measurement >>> product quantity conversion >>> Define calculation of Product qty from Base qty (Here we are deriving the product quantity from the base quantity, though you could also derive the base quantity from the product quantity)
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The screen for configuration would look something as below:
Batch-Specific UOM - Define calculation of Product qty from Base qty New Entries – Details of Added Entries Unit of Measure for characteristics Commercial Format K/E Editable Field values Technical Format K/E Non - Editable Field values Measurement Unit text Kilograms per Piece Non - Editable Field values Calculations Base Unit of Measure
EA
Editable Field values
Batch-specific UOM
KG
Editable Field values
Step 7: Activate Batch Management for the material
For Batch Specific Unit of measure to work, you should activate the batch management for the material. Batch Management for the material can be activated in the purchasing view if the involved material is an externally procured material.
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Similarly the batch management can be activated for the material in the work scheduling view if the material is an in-house manufactured material. You can also select batch management in the plant/storage location views used for inventory activities.
Step 8: Activate Variable Order Unit in the “Purchasing View” if you want to use the functionality in Purchasing.
You should activate Variable Order Unit in the “Purchasing View” if you want to use the functionality in Purchasing. The functionality in terms of product Unit is always triggered when the goods receipt is created.
Step 9: Maintaining Material Master Conversions or data required for Batch Specific Unit of Measure
When you create the material master, you should first assign a base unit of measure - for example – “EA” (Each), then go to the “additional Data” of the material
master
where
you
can
maintain
the
following
in
the
“proportional/product unit tab:
Maintain the type of batch specific unit of measure used – Product
Unit or Proportional Unit
Maintain the characteristics that would carry the conversion factor –
The conversion factor as required for deriving the value for the batch specific UOM or the alternate UOM is maintained in the “characteristics
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field”. The system allows you to enter only those characteristics which are included in the class with “S” as organizational class.
Maintain the Plan value – Maintaining a “Plan Value” of the conversion
factor which would help the system a planned batch-specific quantity. This plan value for the “characteristics” conversion factor is entered in the material master to suggest a default value which can be overwritten during goods receipt. This value behaves a back-up-plan in case you have forgotten to enter the conversion factor at the time of goods receipt or prior to goods receipt in the to-be-received-batch master.
Enter the Batch-Specific UOM that is to be used for the planned value
of the conversion factor
Set the indicator - LUn indicator (leading batch-specific unit of
measure). When you are dealing with multiple conversion factors for multiple batch specific units, you have to mark one of them as leading batch specific Unit. It is noticed that when you are using batch specific unit of measure, you are allowed to enter the quantities in both the unit of measure - base unit and the alternate unit which is defined as batch specific unit; entering the values in any other alternate UOM which is not defined as batch specific UOM, the system automatically sets the quantities in the “leading alternate UOM defined as batch-specific unit of measure”.
Set the indicator - VUn indicator (valuation based on batch-specific
unit of measure) if you wish to carry out product valuation based on batch-specific unit of measure.
You can maintain multiple “Batch Specific UOM” for a given material
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Step 10: Using the Batch Specific Unit of Measure Functionality in SAP
When you use batch-specific UOM in purchasing or in production, the planned conversion factor maintained in the material master is used as a default conversion factor.
Illustrations:
a) Use of Batch Specific Unit of Measure while creating a Production order or a process order for the material
Create a production order for quantities in base unit of measure, say you create an order for 1 EA (1 each is the base unit of measure). The Product Unit or the batch-specific unit (KG), at this point of time is not visible in the production order (as shown in the screen shot below) unless and until you enter the order quantity in terms of batch-specific unit of measure. Entering the quantities in
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batch specific unit of measure (in KG) would add a field to the order to specify the quantities in base unit of measure (as shown in the screen shot below). Such conversions from batch specific unit of measure to the base unit of measure and vice-versa, always uses the planned conversion factor in the material master. In this case the planned conversion factor is 1EA = 200 KG.
b) Use of Batch Specific Unit of Measure while creating a Goods Receipt from Production order or a Process order or even from a purchase order.
When a goods receipt in created from a production order or even from a purchase order, the derivation of goods receipt quantities (or proportions) in
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terms of batch–specific UOM takes place first based on the planned conversions (as set in the material master). You can then enter the actual goods receipt quantities for the „base UOM‟ and quantities in terms of „batch specific UOM‟ to derive a „conversion factor for the batch‟ Or You can set a conversion factor in the batch classification to derive the quantities in terms of „batch specific UOM‟ for a given Goods receipt quantity in base UOM. It should also be noted that you can set a conversion factor in the batch master data well before the conversion and use the batch in the goods receipt. This
thought is really provoking isn‟t it? The Quantities in alternate batch-specific UOM can be viewed in the standard SAP stock overview (MMBE or MB52) or it can be viewed in the Batch Cockpit (BMBC).
c) Use of Batch Specific Unit of Measure in Production order or a process order component list
Similarly you can use the same functionality for the batch managed components in a SAP manufacturing order (for components already set with the batch Specific UOM functionality). Component quantities (which have batches allocated) can be entered in Base UOM or in Batch Specific UOM which forces the system to in turn derive the other UOM through the use of planned conversion factor in the Material Master. It would not be wrong to say that you can play with the Conversion factor in the component batches to arrive at the correct Base or Batch Specific UOM.
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d) Use of Batch Specific Unit of Measure in purchase order, Sales order, Outbound deliveries or inbound deliveries
Proportionately you can use the above functionality, of having the material quantities for batch managed stocks; to be entered in Base UOM or Batch Specific UOM, in the Purchase order creation, in the sales order creation, in the Sales order/STO delivery, or even in inbound deliveries. The planned conversion factor or the entered conversion factors in the batch characteristics, allows the system to derive the Batch Specific UOM.
