RMN@ 70
Tmcmrmegi`s amlisa`tiv`s
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`6 a` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` me a` eumv` Amy bm prhgmbinimeth; rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs; mamgtr÷eig hs; ibmeticig`gi÷e y cirn` bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh; `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh bm ahs giub`b`ehs ` ahs smrvigihs; a` prhdamnàtig` bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` y bm su inpa`et`gi÷e Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s Amy 2/4?00, bm 70 bm n`rzh, bm a` dume` `bnieistr`gi÷e y bma dume lhdimreh bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs nhbicig`bh phr Bmgrmth 73/4?0<, bm 40 bm fuaih, bm nhbicig`gi÷e bma tmxth gheshaib`bh bma Bmgrmth phr ma qum sm grm`e a` Fuet` Ghesuativ` bm Ghetr`t`gi÷e @bnieistr`tiv` bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, ma Tmlistrh bm Ghetr`ths y ma Tmlistrh bm Ghetr`tist`s, `prhd`bh phr ma Bmgrmth 7/4?03, bm 49 bm memrh Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, guy` öatin` nhbicig`gi÷e sm j` prhbugibh phr Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s
Hdfmtivhs
Mstubi`r a` rmlua`gi÷e bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Ghehgmr ma rélinme bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` W`dmr gu`a ms a` rmlua`gi÷e bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
mbithri`a } gmp
0. A A@ @ @BNIEIW @BNIEIWRT@GI×E RT@GI×E MAMGRT MAMGRT×EIG@6 ×EIG@6 A@ @BNIEIWRT@GI×E MAMGRT×EIG@ ME A@ E]MS@ AMY BM _THGMBINIMERH; TMLIWRTHW MAMGRT×EIGHW 0.0 Tmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm `phbmr`nimeths A` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams bisphebràe bm ue rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh lmemr`a bm `phbmr`nimeths, me ma qum bmdmràe iesgridirsm, `a nmehs, ahs bm g`ràgtmr lmemr`a hthrl`bhs `pub `gt`, prmsmegi`a h mamgtr÷eig`nmetm, phr quime hstmetm a` ghebigi÷e bm ietmrms`bh me ue prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ` c`vhr bm rmprmsmet`etm, p`r` `gtu`r me su ehndrm `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. R`ndiée bmdmrà ghest`r ma d`st`etmh rm`aiz`bh bma phbmr. Me ma àndith mst`t`a, mst`t`a , mstm rmlistrh smrà ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh bm @phbmr`nimeths bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh. Ahs rmlistrhs lmemr`ams bm `phbmr`nimeths eh inpmbiràe a` mxistmegi` bm rmlistrhs p`rtigua`rms me g`b` Hrl`eisnh bhebm sm iesgrid`e ahs phbmrms hthrl`bhs p`r` a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm trànitms mspmgîcighs me ma nisnh. G`b` Hrl`eisnh phbrà bisphemr bm su prhpih rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm `phbmr`nimeths. Ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs lmemr`ams y p`rtigua`rms bm `phbmr`nimeths pmrtmemgimetms ` thb`s y g`b` ue` bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems, bmdmràe smr pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dams metrm sî, bm nhbh qum sm l`r`etigm su ietmrghemxi÷e, ghnp`tidiaib`b iechrnàtig`, `sî ghnh a` tr`esnisi÷e tmamnàtig` bm a`s shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems qum sm ieghrphrme ` ahs nisnhs. Ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs lmemr`ams y p`rtigua`rms bm `phbmr`nimeths pmrnitiràe ghnprhd`r vàaib`nmetm a` rmprmsmet`gi÷e bm quimems `gtöme `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s me ehndrm bm ue tmrgmrh, nmbi`etm a` ghesuat` ` htrhs rmlistrhs `bnieistr`tivhs sinia`rms, `a rmlistrh nmrg`etia, bm a` prhpimb`b, y ` ahs prhthghahs eht`ri`ams. Ahs rmlistrhs nmrg`etiams, bm a` prhpimb`b, y bm ahs prhthghahs eht`ri`ams smràe ietmrhpmr`dams ghe ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs lmemr`ams y p`rtigua`rms bm `phbmr`nimeths. Ahs `simeths qum sm rm`aigme me ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs lmemr`ams y p`rtigua`rms bm `phbmr`nimeths bmdmràe ghetmemr, `a nmehs, a` siluimetm iechrn`gi÷e6 `) Ehndrm y `pmaaibhs h a` bmehnie`gi÷e h r`z÷e shgi`a, bhgunmeth e`gihe`a e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b, eönmrh bm ibmeticig`gi÷e cisg`a h bhgunmeth mquiv`ametm bma phbmrb`etm. d) Ehndrm y `pmaaibhs h a` bmehnie`gi÷e h r`z÷e shgi`a, bhgunmeth e`gihe`a e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b, eönmrh bm ibmeticig`gi÷e cisg`a h bhgunmeth mquiv`ametm bma `phbmr`bh. g) Cmgj` bm iesgripgi÷e. b) _mrîhbh bm timnph phr ma gu`a sm hthrl` hthrl` ma phbmr. m) Riph bm phbmr smlöe a`s c`guat`bms qum hthrlum. Ahs phbmrms qum sm iesgrid`e me ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs lmemr`ams y p`rtigua`rms bm `phbmr`nimeths bmdmràe ghrrmsphebmr ` `alue` bm a`s siluimetms tiphahlî`s6 `) ]e phbmr lmemr`a p`r` qum ma `phbmr`bh pumb` `gtu`r me ehndrm bma bma phbmrb`etm me gu`aquimr `gtu`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv` y `etm gu`aquimr @bnieistr`gi÷e.
=72
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
d) ]e phbmr p`r` qum ma `phbmr`bh `phbmr`bh pumb` `gtu`r me ehndrm bma phbmrb`etm me gu`aquimr `gtu`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv` `etm ue` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh ghegrmth. g) ]e phbmr p`r` qum ma `phbmr`bh pumb` `gtu`r me ehndrm bma phbmrb`etm öeig`nmetm p`r` a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm bmtmrnie`bhs trànitms mspmgicig`bhs me ma phbmr. @ t`ams mcmgths, phr Hrbme bma nieistrh bm a` _rmsibmegi` y p`r` a`s @bnieistr`gihems Rmrrithri`ams sm `prhd`ràe, ghe g`ràgtmr dàsigh, ahs nhbmahs bm phbmrms iesgrididams me ma rmlistrh bistieluimebh si pmrnitme a` `gtu`gi÷e `etm thb`s a`s @bnieistr`gihems bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me a` amtr` `) `etmrihr, `etm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh h `etm a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams. G`b` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` `prhd`rà ahs nhbmahs bm phbmrms iesgrididams me ma rmlistrh gu`ebh sm girguesgrid` ` `gtu`gihems `etm su rmspmgtiv` @bnieistr`gi÷e. Ma `phbmr`nimeth «`pub `gt`» sm hthrl`rà nmbi`etm ghnp`rmgmegi` mamgtr÷eig` me a` ghrrmsphebimetm smbm mamgtr÷eig` j`gimebh ush bm ahs sistmn`s bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` prmvisths me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, h dime nmbi`etm ghnp`rmgmegi` pmrshe`a me a`s hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs. Ahs phbmrms iesgriths me ma rmlistrh tmebràe ue` v`aibmz bmtmrnie`b` nàxin` bm giegh `ðhs ` ghet`r bmsbm a` cmgj` bm iesgripgi÷e. Me thbh g`sh, me gu`aquimr nhnmeth `etms bm a` cie`aiz`gi÷e bm bigjh pa`zh ma phbmrb`etm phbrà rmvhg`r h prhrrhl`r ma phbmr. A`s pr÷rrhl`s hthrl`b`s phr ma phbmrb`etm `a rmlistrh tmebràe ue` v`aibmz bmtmrnie`b` nàxin` bm giegh `ðhs ` ghet`r bmsbm a` cmgj` bm iesgripgi÷e. A`s shaigitubms bm iesgripgi÷e bma phbmr, bm rmvhg`gi÷e, bm pr÷rrhl` h bm bmeuegi` bma nisnh phbràe birilirsm ` gu`aquimr rmlistrh, bmdimebh qumb`r iesgrit` mst` girguest`egi` me ma rmlistrh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh `etm a` qum tmel` mcmgths ma phbmr y surtimebh mcmgths bmsbm a` cmgj` me a` qum sm prhbuzg` bigj` iesgripgi÷e.
0.4 _aur`aib`b bm ietmrms`bhs Gu`ebh me ue` shaigitub, msgrith h ghnueig`gi÷e cilurme v`rihs ietmrms`bhs, a`s `gtu`gihems ` qum bme aul`r sm mcmgtu`ràe ghe ma rmprmsmet`etm h ma ietmrms`bh qum mxprms`nmetm j`y`e smð`a`bh, y, me su bmcmgth, ghe ma qum cilurm me prinmr térnieh.
0.7 Eumvhs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth Wi bur`etm a` iestruggi÷e bm ue prhgmbinimeth qum eh j`y` tmeibh pudaigib`b, sm `bvimrtm a` mxistmegi` bm pmrshe`s qum sm`e titua`rms bm bmrmgjhs h ietmrmsms amlîtinhs y birmgths guy` ibmeticig`gi÷e rmsuatm bma mxpmbimetm y qum pumb`e rmsuat`r `cmgt`bhs phr a` rmshaugi÷e qum sm bigtm, sm ghnueig`rà ` bigj`s pmrshe`s a` tr`nit`gi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=7=
mbithri`a } gmp
4. IBMERICIG@GI× IBMERIC IG@GI×E E Y CITN@ BM AHW IERMTMW@ IERMTMW@BHW BHW ME MA _THGMBINIMERH @BNIEIWRT@RISH 4.0 Wistmn`s bm bm ibmeticig`gi÷e bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth prhgmbinimeth A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mstàe hdail`b`s ` vmricig`r a` ibmetib`b bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, nmbi`etm a` ghnprhd`gi÷e bm su ehndrm y `pmaaibhs h bmehnie`gi÷e h r`z÷e shgi`a, smlöe ghrrmspheb`, qum ghestme me ma Bhgunmeth E`gihe`a bm Ibmetib`b h bhgunmeth ibmeticig`tivh mquiv`ametm. Ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe ibmeticig`rsm mamgtr÷eig`nmetm `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr sistmn` qum gumetm ghe ue rmlistrh prmvih ghnh usu`rih qum pmrnit` l`r`etiz`r su ibmetib`b. Me p`rtigua`r, smràe `bnitibhs, ahs sistmn`s siluimetms6 `) Wistmn`s d`s`bhs me gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs gu`aicig`bhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` mxpmbibhs phr prmst`bhrms iegauibhs me a` «Aist` bm gheci`ez` bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e». @ msths mcmgths, sm metimebme ghnprmebibhs metrm ahs git`bhs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs ahs bm pmrshe` furîbig` y bm metib`b sie pmrshe`aib`b furîbig`. d) Wistmn`s d`s`bhs me gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs bm smaah mamgtr÷eigh mxpmbibhs phr prmst`bhrms iegauibhs me a` «Aist` bm gheci`ez` bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e». g) Wistmn`s bm ga`vm ghegmrt`b` y gu`aquimr htrh sistmn` qum a`s @bnieistr` @bnieistr`gihems gihems _ödaig`s ghesibmrme vàaibh, me ahs térniehs y ghebigihems qum sm mst`damzg`e. G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` phbrà bmtmrnie`r si s÷ah `bnitm `alueh bm msths sistmn`s p`r` rm`aiz`r bmtmrnie`bhs trànitms h prhgmbinimeths, si dime a` `bnisi÷e bm `alueh bm ahs sistmn`s bm ibmeticig`gi÷e prmvisths me a` amtr` g) gheaamv`rà a` `bnisi÷e bm thbhs ahs prmvisths me a`s amtr`s `) y d) `etmrihrms p`r` msm trànitm h prhgmbinimeth. Me thbh g`sh, a` `gmpt`gi÷e bm `alueh bm msths sistmn`s phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh smrvirà p`r` `grmbit`r crmetm ` thb`s a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, s`avh prumd` me ghetr`rih, a` ibmeticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh.
4.4 Wistmn`s bm bm cirn` `bnitibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s Ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe cirn`r ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr nmbih qum pmrnit` `grmbit`r a` `utmetigib`b bm a` mxprmsi÷e bm su vhauet`b y ghesmetinimeth, `sî ghnh a` ietmlrib`b m ie`atmr`diaib`b bma bhgunmeth. Me ma g`sh bm qum ahs ietmrms`bhs hpt`r`e phr rma`gihe`rsm ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, sm ghesibmr`ràe vàaibhs ` mcmgths bm cirn`6 `) Wistmn`s bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` h gu`aicig`b` y `v`ez`b` d`s`bhs me gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` mxpmbibhs phr prmst`bhrms iegauibhs me a` «Aist` bm gheci`ez` bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e». @ msths mcmgths, sm metimebme ghnprmebibhs metrm ahs git`bhs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs ahs bm pmrshe` furîbig` y bm metib`b sie pmrshe`aib`b furîbig`.
=73
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
d) Wistmn`s bm smaah mamgtr÷eigh rmghehgibh rmghehgibh h gu`aicig`bh y bm smaah mamgtr÷eigh mamgtr÷eigh `v`ez`bh d`s`bhs me gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs rmghehgibhs h gu`aicig`bhs bm smaah mamgtr÷eigh iegauibhs me a` «Aist` bm gheci`ez` bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e». g) Gu`aquimr htrh sistmn` qum a`s @bnieistr`gihe @bnieistr`gihems ms _ödaig`s ghesibmrme vàaibh, me ahs térniehs y ghebigihems qum sm mst`damzg`e.
G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig`, Hrl`eisnh h Metib`b phbrà bmtmrnie`r si s÷ah `bnitm `aluehs bm msths sistmn`s p`r` rm`aiz`r bmtmrnie`bhs trànitms h prhgmbinimeths bm su àndith bm ghnpmtmegi`.
Gu`ebh `sî ah bisphel` mxprms`nmetm a` ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr` `paig`dam, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s phbràe `bnitir ahs sistmn`s bm ibmeticig`gi÷e ghetmnpa`bhs me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s ghnh sistmn` bm cirn` gu`ebh pmrnit`e `grmbit`r a` `utmetigib`b bm a` mxprmsi÷e bm a` vhauet`b y ghesmetinimeth bm ahs ietmrms`bhs. Gu`ebh ahs ietmrms`bhs utiaigme ue sistmn` bm cirn` bm ahs prmvisths, su ibmetib`b sm metmebmrà y` `grmbit`b` nmbi`etm ma prhpih `gth bm a` cirn`.
4.7 ]sh bm nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e y cirn` me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh Ghe g`ràgtmr lmemr`a, p`r` rm`aiz`r gu`aquimr `gtu`gi÷e prmvist` me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, smrà sucigimetm ghe qum ahs ietmrms`bhs `grmbitme prmvi`nmetm su ibmetib`b ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e prmvisths me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s s÷ah rmqumriràe ` ahs ietmrms`bhs ma ush hdail`thrih bm cirn` p`r`6 `) Chrnua`r shaigitubms. d) _rmsmet`r bmga`r`gihems rmsphes`dams h ghnueig`gihems. g) Ietmrphemr rmgurshs. b) Bmsistir bm `ggihems. m) Tmeuegi`r ` bmrmgjhs.
4.2 @sistmegi` me ma ush bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs ietmrms`bhs A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe l`r`etiz`r qum ahs ietmrms`bhs pumbme rma`gihe`rsm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, p`r` ah qum phebràe ` su bisphsigi÷e ahs g`e`ams bm `ggmsh qum sm`e emgms`rihs `sî ghnh ahs sistmn`s y `paig`gihems qum me g`b` g`sh sm bmtmrnieme. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s `sistiràe me ma ush bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs ietmrms`bhs eh iegauibhs me ahs `p`rt`bhs 4 y 7 bma `rtîguah 02 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s qum `sî ah shaigitme, mspmgi`anmetm me ah rmcmrmetm ` a` ibmeticig`gi÷e y cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, prmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms ` tr`vés bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh lmemr`a y hdtmegi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=7<
mbithri`a } gmp
@sinisnh, si `alueh bm msths ietmrms`bhs eh bisphem bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs emgms`rihs, su ibmeticig`gi÷e h cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh phbrà smr vàaib`nmetm rm`aiz`b` phr ue cuegihe`rih pödaigh nmbi`etm ma ush bma sistmn` bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` bma qum msté bht`bh p`r` maah. Me mstm g`sh, smrà emgms`rih qum ma ietmrms`bh qum g`rmzg` bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs emgms`rihs sm ibmeticiqum `etm ma cuegihe`rih y prmstm su ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh p`r` mst` `gtu`gi÷e, bm ah qum bmdmrà qumb`r ghest`egi` p`r` ahs g`shs bm bisgrmp`egi` h aitilih. A` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams n`etmebràe `gtu`aiz`bh ue rmlistrh, u htrh sistmn` mquiv`ametm, bhebm ghest`ràe ahs cuegihe`rihs j`diait`bhs p`r` a` ibmeticig`gi÷e h cirn`. Msths rmlistrhs h sistmn`s bmdmràe smr pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dams y mst`r ietmrghemgt`bhs ghe ahs bm a`s rmst`etms @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, ` ahs mcmgths bm ghnprhd`r a` v`aibmz bm a`s git`b`s j`diait`gihems. Me mstm rmlistrh h sistmn` mquiv`ametm, `a nmehs, ghest`ràe ahs cuegihe`rihs qum prmstme smrvigihs me a`s hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs.
4.= A` cirn` bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ghechrnm ` a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` @. Cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, y bhgunmeths cirn`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` ms ma ghefueth bm b`ths me chrn` mamgtr÷eig`, ghesile`bhs fueth ` htrhs h `shgi`bhs ghe maahs, qum pumbme smr utiaiz`bhs ghnh nmbih bm ibmeticig`gi÷e bma cirn`etm. A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` ms a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` qum pmrnitm ibmeticig`r `a cirn`etm y bmtmgt`r gu`aquimr g`ndih uatmrihr bm ahs b`ths cirn`bhs, qum mstà viegua`b` `a cirn`etm bm n`emr` öeig` y ` ahs b`ths ` qum sm rmcimrm y qum j` sibh grm`b` phr nmbihs qum ma cirn`etm pumbm utiaiz`r, ghe ue `ath eivma bm gheci`ez`, d`fh su mxgausivh ghetrha. Wm ghesibmr` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` d`s`b` me ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh y lmemr`b` nmbi`etm ue bisphsitivh smlurh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`.
A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` tmebrà rmspmgth bm ahs b`ths ghesile`bhs me chrn` mamgtr÷eig` ma nisnh v`ahr qum a` cirn` n`eusgrit` me rma`gi÷e ghe ahs ghesile`bhs me p`pma. Wm ghesibmr` bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh a` iechrn`gi÷e bm gu`aquimr e`tur`amz` me chrn` mamgtr÷eig`, `rgjiv`b` me ue shphrtm mamgtr÷eigh smlöe ue chrn`th bmtmrnie`bh y susgmptidam bm ibmeticig`gi÷e y tr`t`nimeth bicmrmegi`bh. Wie pmrfuigih bm ah bispumsth me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr, p`r` qum ue bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh tmel` a` e`tur`amz` bm bhgunmeth pödaigh h bm bhgunmeth `bnieistr`tivh bmdmrà gunpairsm, rmspmgtiv`nmetm, ghe ah bispumsth me a`s amtr`s `) h d) bma `p`rt`bh siluimetm y, me su g`sh, me a` ehrn`tiv` mspmgîcig` `paig`dam. Ma bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh smrà shphrtm bm6
=7:
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
`) Bhgunmeths pödaighs, phr mst`r cirn`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm phr cuegihe`rihs qum tmel`e aml`anmetm `triduib` a` c`guat`b bm b`r cm pödaig`, fubigi`a, eht`ri`a h `bnieistr`tiv`, simnprm qum `gtöme me ma àndith bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s ghe ahs rmquisiths mxilibhs phr a` amy me g`b` g`sh. d) Bhgunmeths mxpmbibhs y cirn`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm mamgtr÷eig`nmetm phr cuegihe`rihs h mnpam`bhs pödaighs me ma ma mfmrgigih bm sus cuegihems pödaig`s, ghechrnm ` su amlisa`gi÷e mspmgîcig`. g) Bhgunmeths priv`bhs. Ahs bhgunmeths `etmrihrms tmebràe ma v`ahr y a` mcig`gi` furîbig` qum ghrrmspheb` ` su rmspmgtiv` e`tur`amz`, bm ghechrnib`b ghe a` amlisa`gi÷e qum ams rmsuatm `paig`dam. Ma shphrtm me qum sm j`aame ahs b`ths cirn`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm smrà `bnisidam ghnh prumd` bhgunmet`a me fuigih. Wi sm inpule`rm a` `utmetigib`b bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` ghe a` qum sm j`y`e cirn`bh ahs b`ths ieghrphr`bhs `a bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh sm prhgmbmrà ` ghnprhd`r qum sm tr`t` bm ue` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` d`s`b` me ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh, qum gunpam thbhs ahs rmquisiths y ghebigihems mst`damgibhs me a` Amy p`r` mstm tiph bm gmrticig`bhs, `sî ghnh qum a` cirn` sm j` lmemr`bh nmbi`etm ue bisphsitivh smlurh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`. A` g`rl` bm rm`aiz`r a`s git`b`s ghnprhd`gihems ghrrmsphebmrà ` quime j`y` prmsmet`bh ma bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh cirn`bh ghe cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib`. Wi bigj`s ghnprhd`gihems hdtimeme ue rmsuat`bh phsitivh, sm prmsunirà a` `utmetigib`b bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` ghe a` qum sm j`y` cirn`bh bigjh bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh simebh a`s ghst`s, l`sths y bmrmgjhs qum hriliem a` ghnprhd`gi÷e mxgausiv`nmetm ` g`rlh bm quime judimsm chrnua`bh a` inpule`gi÷e. Wi, ` fuigih bma tridue`a, a` inpule`gi÷e judimsm sibh tmnmr`ri`, phbrà inphemram, `bmnàs, ue` nuat` bm 04? ` 3?? murhs. Wi sm inpule` a` `utmetigib`b bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b`, ghe a` qum sm j`y`e cirn`bh ahs b`ths ieghrphr`bhs `a bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh, sm mst`rà ` ah mst`damgibh me ma `p`rt`bh 4 bma `rtîguah 743 bm a` Amy bm Mefuigi`nimeth Givia. Eh sm eml`ràe mcmgths furîbighs ` ue` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` qum eh rmöe` ahs rmquisiths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` me rma`gi÷e ` ahs b`ths ` ahs qum msté `shgi`b` phr ma nmrh jmgjh bm prmsmet`rsm me chrn` mamgtr÷eig`. @ ahs mcmgths bm ah `quî bispumsth, gu`ebh ue` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` sm utiaigm ghechrnm ` a`s ghebigihems `ghrb`b`s phr a`s p`rtms p`r` rma`gihe`rsm metrm sî, sm tmebrà me gumet` ah mstipua`bh metrm maa`s. Rhbhs ahs sistmn`s bm ibmeticig`gi÷e y cirn` mamgtr÷eig` prmvisths me a` Amy bm _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh @bnieistr`tiv h Ghnöe bm a`s a`s @bnieistr`gihems @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s y me a` Amy bm Télinme Télinme Furîbigh bma Wmgthr Wmgthr _ödaigh tmebràe pamehs mcmgths furîbighs.
D. Mnpamh bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ma àndith bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s. A` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` sm `paig`rà `a ush bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ma smeh bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, sus hrl`eisnhs pödaighs y a`s metib`bms bmpmebimetms h viegua`b`s ` a`s nisn`s y me a`s rma`gihems qum n`etmel`e `quéaa`s y ésths metrm sî h ghe ahs p`rtigua`rms. A`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, ghe ma hdfmth bm s`av`lu`rb`r a`s l`r`etî`s bm g`b` prhgmbinimeth, phbràe mst`damgmr ghebigihems `bigihe`ams ` a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ahs prhgmbinimeths. Bigj`s ghebigihems phbràe iegauir, metrm htr`s, a` inphsigi÷e bm cmgj`s mamgtr÷eig`s shdrm ahs
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=79
mbithri`a } gmp
bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs ietmlr`bhs me ue mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. Wm metimebm phr cmgj` mamgtr÷eig` ma ghefueth bm b`ths me chrn` mamgtr÷eig` utiaiz`bhs ghnh nmbih p`r` ghest`t`r ma nhnmeth me qum sm j` mcmgtu`bh ue` `gtu`gi÷e shdrm htrhs b`ths mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs qum mstàe `shgi`bhs. A`s ghebigihems `bigihe`ams `etmrihrms s÷ah phbràe j`gmr rmcmrmegi` ` a`s g`r`gtmrîstig`s mspmgîcig`s bm a` `paig`gi÷e bm qum sm tr`tm y bmdmràe l`r`etiz`r ma gunpainimeth bm ah prmvisth me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Mst`s ghebigihems smràe hdfmtiv`s, prhphrgihe`b`s, tr`esp`rmetms y eh bisgrinie`thri`s y eh bmdmràe hdst`guaiz`r a` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e `a giub`b`eh gu`ebh ietmrvmel`e bistiet`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s e`gihe`ams h bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh. A`s ehrn`s qum mst`damzg`e ghebigihems lmemr`ams `bigihe`ams p`r` ma ush bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `etm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh, sus hrl`eisnhs pödaighs y a`s metib`bms bmpmebimetms h viegua`b`s ` a`s nisn`s sm bigt`ràe ` prhpumst` ghefuet` bm ahs Nieistmrihs bm a` _rmsibmegi` y p`r` a`s @bnieistr`gihems Rmrrithri`ams y ma bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a y prmvih iechrnm bm a` Ghnisi÷e bm Mstr`tmli` RIG. A` utiaiz`gi÷e bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me a`s ghnueig`gihems qum `cmgtme ` a` iechrn`gi÷e ga`sicig`b`, ` a` smlurib`b pödaig` h ` a` bmcmes` e`gihe`a sm rmlirà phr su ehrn`tiv` mspmgîcig`.
G. Télinme bm prmst`gi÷e bm ahs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e A` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e eh mstà sufmt` ` `uthriz`gi÷e prmvi` y sm rm`aiz`rà me rélinme bm aidrm ghnpmtmegi`. Eh phbràe mst`damgmrsm rmstriggihems p`r` ahs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum prhgmb`e bm htrh Mst`bh nimndrh bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh. Ahs ÷rl`ehs bm bmcmes` bm a` ghnpmtmegi` vma`ràe phr ma n`etmeinimeth bm ghebigihems bm ghnpmtmegi` mcmgtiv` me a` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e `a pödaigh nmbi`etm ma mfmrgigih bm a`s cuegihems qum tmel`e aml`anmetm `triduib`s. A` prmst`gi÷e `a pödaigh bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, sus hrl`eisnhs pödaighs h a`s metib`bms bmpmebimetms h viegua`b`s ` a`s nisn`s sm rm`aiz`rà ghe `rrmlah ` ahs priegipihs bm hdfmtivib`b, tr`esp`rmegi` y eh bisgrinie`gi÷e.
B. Gmrticig Gmrticig`bhs `bhs mamgtr÷e mamgtr÷eighs ighs `. Ghegmpth bm gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh y bm cirn`etm ]e gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh ms ue bhgunmeth cirn`bh mamgtr÷eig`nmetm phr ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum viegua` uehs b`ths bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` ` ue cirn`etm y ghecirn` su ibmetib`b. Ma cirn`etm ms a` pmrshe` qum utiaiz` ue bisphsitivh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` y qum `gtö` me ehndrm prhpih h me ehndrm bm ue` pmrshe` cîsig` h furîbig` ` a` qum rmprmsmet`.
d. Gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s _hbràe shaigit`r gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s sus `bnieistr`bhrms, rmprmsmet`etms aml`ams y vhauet`rihs ghe phbmr d`st`etm ` msths mcmgths.
=2?
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
Ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s eh phbràe `cmgt`r `a rélinme bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e hrlàeig` h vhauet`ri` rmlua`bh phr a` amlisa`gi÷e givia h nmrg`etia `paig`dam ` g`b` pmrshe` furîbig`. A` gusthbi` bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` `shgi`bhs ` g`b` gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh bm pmrshe` furîbig` h, me su g`sh, bm ahs nmbihs bm `ggmsh ` maahs smrà rmsphes`diaib`b bm a` pmrshe` cîsig` shaigit`etm, guy` ibmeticig`gi÷e sm iegauirà me ma gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh. Ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` s÷ah phbràe smr utiaiz`bhs gu`ebh sm `bnit` me a`s rma`gihems qum n`etmel` a` pmrshe` furîbig` ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s h me a` ghetr`t`gi÷e bm dimems h smrvigihs qum sm`e prhpihs h ghegmreimetms ` su lirh h tràcigh hrbie`rih. @sinisnh, a` pmrshe` furîbig` phbrà inphemr aînitms `bigihe`ams, phr r`z÷e bm a` gu`etî` h bm a` n`tmri`, p`r` ma ush bm bigjhs b`ths qum, me thbh g`sh, bmdmràe cilur`r me ma gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh. Wm metmebmràe jmgjhs phr a` pmrshe` furîbig` ahs `gths h ghetr`ths me ahs qum su cirn` sm judimr` mnpam`bh bmetrh bm ahs aînitms prmvisths `etmrihrnmetm. Wi a` cirn` sm utiaiz` tr`eslrmbimebh ahs aînitms nmegihe`bhs, a` pmrshe` furîbig` qumb`rà viegua`b` crmetm ` tmrgmrhs s÷ah si ahs `sunm ghnh prhpihs h sm judimsme gmamdr`bh me su ietmrés. Me g`sh ghetr`rih, ahs mcmgths bm bigjhs `gths rmg`mràe shdrm a` pmrshe` cîsig` rmsphes`dam bm a` gusthbi` bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`, quime phbrà rmpmtir, me su g`sh, ghetr` quime ahs judimr` utiaiz`bh. Ah `quî bispumsth eh smrà bm `paig`gi÷e ` ahs gmrticig`bhs qum sirv`e p`r` vmricig`r a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e ghe a` qum cirnm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs qum mxpib`. Ah `quî bispumsth eh smrà bm `paig`gi÷e ` ahs gmrticig`bhs qum sm mxpib`e ` c`vhr bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, qum mst`ràe sufmths ` su ehrn`tiv` mspmgîcig`.
g. Mxtiegi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs Whe g`us`s bm mxtiegi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh6 `) Mxpir`gi÷e bma pmrîhbh bm v`aibmz qum cilur` me ma gmrticig`bh. d) Tmvhg`gi÷e chrnua`b` phr ma cirn`etm, a` pmrshe` cîsig` h furîbig` rmprmsmet`b` phr éstm, ue tmrgmrh `uthriz`bh h a` pmrshe` cîsig` shaigit`etm bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh bm pmrshe` furîbig`. g) Siha`gi÷e h pumst` me pmailrh pmailrh bma smgrmth bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` bma cirn`etm h bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e h utiaiz`gi÷e iebmdib` bm bigjhs b`ths phr ue tmrgmrh. b) Tmshaugi÷e fubigi`a h `bnieistr`tiv` qum ah hrbmem. m) C`aamginimeth h mxtiegi÷e bm a` pmrshe`aib`b pmrshe`aib`b furîbig` bma cirn`etm ; c`aamginimeth, h mxtiegi÷e bm a` pmrshe`aib`b furîbig` bma rmprmsmet`bh ; ieg`p`gib`b shdrmvmeib`, tht`a h p`rgi`a, bma cirn`etm h bm su rmprmsmet`bh ; tmrnie`gi÷e bm a` rmprmsmet`gi÷e ; bishaugi÷e bm a` pmrshe` furîbig` rmprmsmet`b` h `atmr`gi÷e bm a`s ghebigihems bm gusthbi` h ush bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` qum mstée rmcamf`b`s me ahs gmrticig`bhs mxpmbibhs ` ue` pmrshe` furîbig`. c) Gmsm me a` `gtivib`b bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e gmrticig`gi÷e s`avh qum, prmvih ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh bma cirn`etm, a` lmsti÷e bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs mxpmbibhs phr `quéa sm`e tr`escmribhs ` htrh prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e. l) @atmr`gi÷e bm ahs b`ths `phrt`bhs p`r` a` hdtmegi÷e bma bma gmrticig`bh h nhbicig`gi÷e bm a`s girguest`egi`s vmricig`b`s p`r` a` mxpmbigi÷e bma gmrticig`bh, ghnh a`s rma`tiv`s `a g`rlh h ` a`s c`guat`bms bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e, bm n`emr` qum éstm y` eh cumr` ghechrnm ` a` rm`aib`b. j) Gu`aquimr htr` g`us` aîgit` prmvist` me a` bmga`r`gi÷e bm pràgtig`s bm gmrticig`gi÷e. gmrticig`gi÷e.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=20
mbithri`a } gmp
Ma pmrîhbh bm v`aibmz bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs smrà `bmgu`bh ` a`s g`r`gtmrîstig`s y tmgehahlî` mnpam`b` p`r` lmemr`r ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`. Me ma g`sh bm ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs mstm pmrîhbh eh phbrà smr supmrihr ` giegh `ðhs. A` mxtiegi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh surtirà mcmgths crmetm ` tmrgmrhs, me ahs supumsths bm mxpir`gi÷e bm su pmrîhbh bm v`aibmz, bmsbm qum sm prhbuzg` mst` girguest`egi` y, me ahs bmnàs g`shs, bmsbm qum a` iebig`gi÷e bm bigj` mxtiegi÷e sm iegauy` me ma smrvigih bm ghesuat` shdrm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e.
b. Wuspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs Ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e suspmebmràe a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs mxpmbibhs si ghegurrm `alue` bm a`s siluimetms g`us`s6 `) Whaigitub bma cirn`etm, a` pmrshe` cîsig` h furîbig` rmprmsmet`b` phr éstm, ue tmrgmrh `uthriz`bh h a` pmrshe` cîsig` shaigit`etm bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh bm pmrshe` furîbig`. d) Tmshaugi÷e fubigi`a h `bnieistr`tiv` qum ah hrbmem. g) A` mxistmegi` bm bub`s cueb`b`s `gmrg` bm a` ghegurrmegi` bm a`s g`us`s bm mxtiegi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs ghetmnpa`b`s me ahs pàrr`chs g) y l) bma `rtîguah :.0 bm a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` b) Gu`aquimr htr` g`us` aîgit` prmvist` me a` bmga`r`gi÷e bm pràgtig`s bm gmrticig`gi÷e. gmrticig`gi÷e. A` suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh surtirà mcmgths bmsbm qum sm iegauy` me ma smrvigih bm ghesuat` shdrm a` a ` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e.
m. Bisphsigihems ghnuems ` a` mxtiegi÷e y suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs Ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e j`rà ghest`r ienmbi`t`nmetm, bm n`emr` ga`r` m iebudit`b`, a` mxtiegi÷e h suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs me ma smrvigih bm ghesuat` shdrm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs me gu`eth tmel` ghehginimeth cueb`bh bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs jmgjhs bmtmrnie`etms bm a` mxtiegi÷e h suspmesi÷e bm su vilmegi`. Ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e iechrn`rà `a cirn`etm `gmrg` bm mst` girguest`egi` bm n`emr` prmvi` h sinuatàem` ` a` mxtiegi÷e h suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bma gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh, mspmgicig`ebh ahs nhtivhs y a` cmgj` y a` jhr` me qum ma gmrticig`bh qumb`rà sie mcmgth. Me ahs g`shs bm suspmesi÷e, iebig`rà, `bmnàs, su bur`gi÷e nàxin`, mxtieluiéebhsm a` vilmegi` bma gmrticig`bh si tr`esgurribh bigjh pa`zh eh sm judimr` amv`et`bh a` suspmesi÷e.
A` mxtiegi÷e h suspmesi÷e suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh eh tmebrà mcmgths rmtrh`gtivhs.
A` mxtiegi÷e h suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ue gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh sm n`etmebrà `ggmsidam me ma smrvigih bm ghesuat` shdrm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs `a nmehs j`st` a` cmgj` me qum judimr` cie`aiz`bh su pmrîhbh ieigi`a bm v`aibmz.
=24
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
c. Gmrticig Gmrticig`bhs `bhs rmghehgibh rmghehgibhss • Ghegmpth y ghetmeibh bm ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Whe gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs mxpmbibhs phr ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum gunpa` ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me gu`eth ` a` ghnprhd`gi÷e bm a` ibmetib`b y bmnàs girguest`egi`s bm ahs shaigit`etms y ` a` ci`diaib`b y a`s l`r`etî`s bm ahs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum prmstme. Ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs iegauiràe, `a nmehs, ahs siluimetms b`ths6 `) A` iebig`gi÷e bm qum sm mxpibme mxpibme ghnh t`ams. d) Ma g÷bilh ibmeticig`tivh öeigh bma bma gmrticig`bh. g) A` ibmeticig`gi÷e bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum mxpibm ma gmrticig`bh y su bhnigiaih. b) A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` bma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum mxpibm ma gmrticig`bh. gmrticig`bh. m) A` ibmeticig`gi÷e bma cirn`etm, me ma supumsth bm pmrshe`s cîsig`s, phr su ehndrm y `pmaaibhs y su eönmrh bm bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b h ` tr`vés bm ue smub÷einh qum ghestm ghnh t`a bm n`emr` iemquîvhg` y, me ma supumsth bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s, phr su bmehnie`gi÷e h r`z÷e shgi`a y su g÷bilh bm ibmeticig`gi÷e cisg`a. c) Ahs b`ths bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` qum ghrrmspheb`e ` ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` qum sm megumetrme d`fh ma ghetrha bma cirn`etm. l) Ma ghnimezh y ma cie bma pmrîhbh bm v`aibmz bma gmrticig`bh. j) Ahs aînitms bm ush bma gmrticig`bh, si sm mst`damgme. i) Ahs aînitms bma bma v`ahr bm a`s tr`es`ggihems p`r` a`s qum pumbm utiaiz`rsm ma gmrticig`bh, si sm mst`dammst`damgme. Ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs phbràe `sinisnh ghetmemr gu`aquimr htr` girguest`egi` h `triduth mspmgîcigh bma cirn`etm me g`sh bm qum sm` sileicig`tivh me cuegi÷e bma cie prhpih bma gmrticig`bh y simnprm qum `quéa ah shaigitm. Wi ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs `bnitme ue` rma`gi÷e bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e iegauiràe ue` iebig`gi÷e bma bhgunmeth pödaigh qum `grmbitm bm chrn` cmj`gimetm a`s c`guat`bms bma cirn`etm p`r` `gtu`r me ehndrm bm a` pmrshe` h metib`b ` a` qum rmprmsmetm y, me g`sh bm smr hdail`thri` a` iesgripgi÷e, bm ahs b`ths rmlistr`ams, bm ghechrnib`b ghe ma `p`rt`bh 4 bma `rtîguah 07 bm a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`.
• Hdail`gihems prmvi`s ` a` mxpmbigi÷e bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs @etms bm a` mxpmbigi÷e bm ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh, ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e bmdmràe gunpair a`s siluimetms hdail`gihems6 `) Ghnprhd`r a` ibmetib`b y girguest`egi`s pmrshe`ams bm ahs shaigit`etms bm gmrticig`bhs ghe ghe `rrmlah ` ah bispumsth smluib`nmetm. d) Smricig`r qum a` iechrn`gi÷e ghetmeib` me ma gmrticig`bh ms mx`gt` mx`gt` y qum iegauym thb` a` iechrn`gi÷e prmsgrit` p`r` ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh. g) @smlur`rsm bm qum ma cirn`etm timem ma ghetrha mxgausivh shdrm ma ush bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` ghrrmsphebimetms ` ahs bm vmricig`gi÷e qum ghest`e me ma gmrticig`bh.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=27
mbithri`a } gmp
b) L`r`etiz`r a` ghnpamnmet`rimb`b bm ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e y vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn`, simnprm qum `ndhs sm`e lmemr`bhs phr ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e.
• Ghnprhd`gi÷e bm a` ibmetib`b y htr`s girguest`egi`s pmrshe`ams bm ahs shaigit`etms bm ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh A` ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` pmrshe` cîsig` qum shaigitm ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh mxilirà su pmrshe`gi÷e `etm ahs meg`rl`bhs bm vmricig`ra` y sm `grmbit`rà nmbi`etm ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b, p`s`phrtm u htrhs nmbihs `bnitibhs me bmrmgjh. _hbrà prmsgiebirsm bm a` pmrshe`gi÷e si su cirn` me a` shaigitub bm mxpmbigi÷e bm ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh j` sibh amlitin`b` me prmsmegi` eht`ri`a. Ma rélinme bm pmrshe`gi÷e me a` shaigitub bm gmrticig`bhs qum sm mxpib`e prmvi` ibmeticig`gi÷e bma shaigit`etm `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s sm rmlirà phr ah mst`damgibh me a` ehrn`tiv` `bnieistr`tiv`. Me ma g`sh bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s, ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e ghnprhd`ràe, `bmnàs, ahs b`ths rma`tivhs ` a` ghestitugi÷e y pmrshe`aib`b furîbig` y ` a` mxtmesi÷e y vilmegi` bm a`s c`guat`bms bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e bma shaigit`etm nmbi`etm ahs bhgunmeths pödaighs qum sirv`e p`r` `grmbit`r ahs mxtrmnhs git`bhs bm n`emr` cmj`gimetm y su iesgripgi÷e me ma ghrrmsphebimetm rmlistrh pödaigh si `sî rmsuat` mxilidam. A` git`b` ghnprhd`gi÷e phbrà rm`aiz`rsm, `sinisnh, nmbi`etm ghesuat` me ma rmlistrh pödaigh me ma qum mstée iesgriths ahs bhgunmeths bm ghestitugi÷e y bm `phbmr`nimeth, pubimebh mnpam`r ahs nmbihs tmamnàtighs c`giait`bhs phr ahs git`bhs rmlistrhs pödaighs. Wi ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs rmcamf`e ue` rma`gi÷e bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e vhauet`ri`, ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e ghnprhd`ràe ahs b`ths rma`tivhs ` a` pmrshe`aib`b furîbig` bma rmprmsmet`bh y ` a` mxtmesi÷e y vilmegi` bm a`s c`guat`bms bma rmprmsmet`etm nmbi`etm ahs bhgunmeths pödaighs qum sirv`e p`r` `grmbit`r ahs mxtrmnhs git`bhs bm n`emr` cmj`gimetm y su iesgripgi÷e me ma ghrrmsphebimetm rmlistrh pödaigh si `sî rmsuat` mxilidam. A` git`b` ghnprhd`gi÷e phbrà rm`aiz`rsm, `sinisnh, nmbi`etm ghesuat` me ma rmlistrh pödaigh me ma qum mstée iesgriths ahs nmegihe`bhs b`ths, pubimebh mnpam`r ahs nmbihs tmamnàtighs c`giait`bhs phr ahs git`bhs rmlistrhs pödaighs. Wi ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs `bnitme htrhs supumsths bm rmprmsmet`gi÷e, ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e bmdmràe mxilir a` `grmbit`gi÷e bm a`s girguest`egi`s me a`s qum sm cueb`nmetme, me a` nisn` chrn` prmvist` `etmrihrnmetm. Gu`ebh ma gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh ghetmel` htr`s girguest`egi`s pmrshe`ams h `triduths bma shaigit`etm, ghnh su ghebigi÷e bm titua`r bm ue g`rlh pödaigh, su pmrtmemegi` ` ue ghamlih prhcmsihe`a h su titua`gi÷e, ést`s bmdmràe ghnprhd`rsm nmbi`etm ahs bhgunmeths hcigi`ams qum a`s `grmbitme, bm ghechrnib`b ghe su ehrn`tiv` mspmgîcig`. Ah bispumsth `etmrihrnmetm phbrà eh smr mxilidam me ahs siluimetms g`shs6 `) Gu`ebh a` ibmetib`b u htr`s girguest`egi`s pmrn`emetms pmrn`emetms bm ahs shaigit`etms bm ahs gmrticig`bhs ghest`r`e y` `a prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e me virtub bm ue` rma`gi÷e prmmxistmetm, me a` qum, p`r` a` ibmeticig`gi÷e bma ietmrms`bh, sm judimr`e mnpam`bh ahs nmbihs `quî smð`a`bhs y ma pmrîhbh bm timnph tr`esgurribh bmsbm a` ibmeticig`gi÷e ms nmehr bm giegh `ðhs. d) Gu`ebh p`r` shaigit`r ue gmrticig`bh sm utiaigm htrh vilmetm p`r` guy` mxpmbigi÷e sm judimr` ibmeticig`bh `a cirn`etm me a` chrn` `quî prmsgrit` y am ghestm `a prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum ma pmrîhbh bm timnph tr`esgurribh bmsbm a` ibmeticig`gi÷e ms nmehr bm giegh `ðhs.
=22
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
Ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e phbràe rm`aiz`r a`s `gtu`gihems bm ghnprhd`gi÷e prmvist`s phr sî h phr nmbih bm htr`s pmrshe`s cîsig`s h furîbig`s, pödaig`s h priv`b`s, simebh simebh rmsphes`dam, me thbh g`sh, ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e.
• Mquiv`amegi` ietmre`gihe`a bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs qum ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e mst`damgibhs me ue Mst`bh qum eh sm` nimndrh bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh mxpib`e `a pödaigh ghnh gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs bm `gumrbh ghe a` amlisa`gi÷e `paig`dam me bigjh Mst`bh sm ghesibmr`ràe mquiv`ametms ` ahs mxpmbibhs phr ahs mst`damgibhs me Msp`ð`, simnprm qum sm gunpa` `alue` bm a`s siluimetms ghebigihems6 `) Pum ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e gmrticig`gi÷e rmöe` ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me a` ehrn`tiv` ghnueit`ri` shdrm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` p`r` a` mxpmbigi÷e bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs y j`y` sibh gmrticig`bh ghechrnm ` ue sistmn` vhauet`rih bm gmrticig`gi÷e mst`damgibh me ue Mst`bh nimndrh bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh. d) Pum ma gmrticig`bh msté l`r`etiz`bh phr ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e mst`damgibh me ma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh qum gunpa` ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me a` ehrn`tiv` ghnueit`ri` shdrm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` p`r` a` mxpmbigi÷e bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs. g) Pum ma gmrticig`bh h ma prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e mstée rmghehgibhs rmghehgibhs me virtub bm ue `gumrbh dia`tmr`a h nuatia`tmr`a metrm a` Ghnueib`b Murhpm` y tmrgmrhs p`îsms u hrl`eiz`gihems ietmre`gihe`ams.
l. Ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh Ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh ms ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b qum `grmbit` mamgtr÷eig`nmetm a` ibmetib`b pmrshe`a bm su titua`r y pmrnitm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` bm bhgunmeths. Rhb`s a` pmrshe`s cîsig`s h furîbig`s, pödaig`s h priv`b`s, rmghehgmràe a` mcig`gi` bma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh p`r` `grmbit`r a` ibmetib`b y ahs bmnàs b`ths pmrshe`ams bma titua`r qum ghestme me ma nisnh, y p`r` `grmbit`r a` ibmetib`b bma cirn`etm y a` ietmlrib`b bm ahs bhgunmeths cirn`bhs ghe ahs bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me éa iegauibhs.
j. Tmquisiths y g`r`gtmrîstig`s bma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh Ahs ÷rl`ehs ghnpmtmetms bma Nieistmrih bma Ietmrihr p`r` a` mxpmbigi÷e bma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh gunpairàe a`s hdail`gihems qum a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` inphem ` ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum mxpib`e gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs ghe mxgmpgi÷e bm a` rma`tiv` ` a` ghestitugi÷e bm a` l`r`etî` ` a` qum sm rmcimrm ma `p`rt`bh 4 bma `rtîguah 4? bm a` git`b` amy. A` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh mnpam`rà, me a` nmbib` bm ah phsidam, sistmn`s qum l`r`etigme a` ghnp`tidiaib`b bm ahs iestrunmeths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` iegauibhs me ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh ghe ahs bistieths bisphsitivhs y prhbugths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` lmemr`anmetm `gmpt`bhs.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=2=
mbithri`a } gmp
M. Bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` y sistmn`s bm gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e y bm bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `. Bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` • Bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` she ahs b`ths öeighs, ghnh g÷bilhs h ga`vms gripthlràcig`s priv`b`s, qum ma cirn`etm utiaiz` p`r` grm`r a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig`. ]e bisphsitivh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` ms ue prhlr`n` h sistmn` iechrnàtigh qum sirvm p`r` `paig`r ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`.
]e bisphsitivh smlurh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` ms ue bisphsitivh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` qum hcrmgm, `a nmehs, a`s siluimetms l`r`etî`s6 `) Pum ahs b`ths utiaiz`bhs p`r` a` lmemr`gi÷e bm cirn` pumbme prhbugirsm s÷ah ue` vmz y `smlur` r`zhe`damnmetm su smgrmth. d) Pum mxistm ue` smlurib`b r`zhe`dam bm qum ahs b`ths utiaiz`bhs p`r` a` lmemr`gi÷e bm cirn` eh pumbme smr bmriv`bhs bm ahs bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` h bm a` prhpi` cirn` y bm qum a` cirn` mstà prhtmlib` ghetr` a` c`asicig`gi÷e ghe a` tmgehahlî` mxistmetm me g`b` nhnmeth. g) Pum ahs b`ths bm grm`gi÷e grm`gi÷e bm cirn` pumbme smr prhtmlibhs bm chrn` ci`dam phr ma cirn`etm ghetr` su utiaiz`gi÷e phr tmrgmrhs. b) Pum ma bisphsitivh utiaiz`bh eh `atmr` ahs b`ths h ma bhgunmeth qum bmd` cirn`rsm ei inpibm qum éstm sm numstrm `a cirn`etm `etms bma prhgmsh bm cirn`.
• Bisphsitivhs bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Ahs b`ths bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` she ahs b`ths, ghnh g÷bilhs h ga`vms gripthlràcig`s pödaig`s, qum sm utiaiz`e p`r` vmricig`r a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig`. ]e bisphsitivh bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` ms ue prhlr`n` h sistmn` iechrnàtigh qum sirvm p`r` `paig`r ahs b`ths bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn`.
Ahs bisphsitivhs bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` l`r`etiz`ràe, simnprm qum sm` tégeig`nmetm phsidam, qum ma prhgmsh bm vmricig`gi÷e bm ue` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` s`tisc`l`, `a nmehs, ahs siluimetms rmquisiths6 `) Pum ahs b`ths utiaiz`bhs p`r` vmricig`r a` cirn` ghrrmspheb`e ` ahs b`ths nhstr`bhs ` a` pmrshe` qum vmricig` a` cirn`. d) Pum a` cirn` sm vmriciqum bm chrn` ci`dam y ma rmsuat`bh rmsuat`bh bm ms` vmricig`gi÷e sm prmsmetm prmsmetm ghrrmgt`nmetm. g) Pum a` pmrshe` qum vmricig` a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` pumb`, pumb`, me g`sh emgms`rih, mst`damgmr mst`damgmr bm chrn` ci`dam ma ghetmeibh bm ahs b`ths cirn`bhs y bmtmgt`r si j`e sibh nhbicig`bhs.
=23
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
b) Pum sm numstrme ghrrmgt`nmetm ghrrmgt`nmetm t`eth a` ibmetib`b bma cirn`etm h, me su g`sh, ghestm ga`r`nmetm a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm ue smub÷einh, ghnh ma rmsuat`bh bm a` vmricig`gi÷e. m) Pum sm vmriciqume bm chrn` ci`dam a` `utmetigib`b y a` v`aibmz bma gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh ghrrmsphebimetm. c) Pum pumb` bmtmgt`rsm gu`aquimr g`ndih rma`tivh ` su smlurib`b. @sinisnh, ahs b`ths rmcmrmetms ` a` vmricig`gi÷e bm a` cirn`, t`ams ghnh ma nhnmeth me qum ést` sm prhbugm h ue` ghest`t`gi÷e bm a` v`aibmz bma gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh me msm nhnmeth, phbràe smr `an`gme`bhs phr a` pmrshe` qum vmricig` a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` h phr tmrgmrhs bm gheci`ez`.
d. Gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e y bm bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` • Gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e A` gmrticig`gi÷e bm ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e ms ma prhgmbinimeth vhauet`rih phr ma qum ue` metib`b gu`aicig`b` pödaig` h priv`b` mnitm ue` bmga`r`gi÷e ` c`vhr bm ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e, qum inpaig` ue rmghehginimeth bma gunpainimeth bm rmquisiths mspmgîcighs me a` prmst`gi÷e bm ahs smrvigihs qum sm hcrmgme `a pödaigh. A` gmrticig`gi÷e bm ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e phbrà smr shaigit`b` phr éstm y phbrà aamv`rsm ` g`dh, metrm htr`s, phr metib`bms bm gmrticig`gi÷e rmghehgib`s phr ue` metib`b bm `grmbit`gi÷e bmsile`b` bm `gumrbh ghe ah bispumsth me a` Amy 40/0994, bm 03 bm fuaih, bm Iebustri`, y me sus bisphsigihems bm bms`rrhaah. Me ahs prhgmbinimeths bm gmrticig`gi÷e phbràe utiaiz`rsm ehrn`s tégeig`s u htrhs gritmrihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e `bmgu`bhs. Me g`sh bm utiaiz`rsm ehrn`s tégeig`s, sm mnpam`ràe prmcmrmetmnmetm `qumaa`s qum lhgme bm `npaih rmghehginimeth `prhd`b`s phr hrl`eisnhs bm ehrn`aiz`gi÷e murhpmhs y, me su bmcmgth, htr`s ehrn`s ietmre`gihe`ams h msp`ðha`s. A` gmrticig`gi÷e bm ue prmst`bhr bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e eh smrà emgms`ri` p`r` rmghehgmr mcig`gi` furîbig` ` ue` cirn` mamgtr÷eig`.
• Gmrticig`gi÷e bm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` A` gmrticig`gi÷e bm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` ms ma prhgmbinimeth phr ma qum sm ghnprumd` qum ue bisphsitivh gunpam ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me mst` amy p`r` su ghesibmr`gi÷e ghnh bisphsitivh smlurh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`. A` gmrticig`gi÷e phbrà smr shaigit`b` phr ahs c`drig`etms h inphrt`bhrms bm bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` y sm aamv`rà ` g`dh phr a`s metib`bms bm gmrticig`gi÷e rmghehgib`s phr ue` metib`b bm `grmbit`gi÷e bmsile`b` bm `gumrbh ghe ah bispumsth me a` Amy 40/0994, bm 03 bm fuaih, bm Iebustri` y me sus bisphsigihems bm bms`rrhaah. Me ahs prhgmbinimeths bm gmrticig`gi÷e sm utiaiz`ràe a`s ehrn`s tégeig`s guyhs eönmrhs bm rmcmrmegi` j`y`e sibh pudaig`bhs me ma ‑Bi`rih Hcigi`a bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm`„ y, mxgmpgihe`anmetm, a`s `prhd`b`s phr ma Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a qum sm pudaig`ràe me a` birmggi÷e bm Ietmremt bm mstm Nieistmrih.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
Ahs hrl`eisnhs bm gmrticig`gi÷e `smlur`ràe a` bicusi÷e bm a`s bmgisihems bm rmvhg`gi÷e bm gmrticig`bhs bm bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`.
=2<
mbithri`a } gmp
Ahs gmrticig`bhs bm ghechrnib`b bm ahs bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` smràe nhbicig`bhs h, me su g`sh, rmvhg`bhs gu`ebh sm bmfme bm gunpair a`s ghebigihems mst`damgib`s p`r` su hdtmegi÷e.
• Tmghehginimeth bm a` ghechrnib`b ghe a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam ` ahs prhbugths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Wm prmsunirà qum ahs prhbugths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `aubibhs me ma pàrr`ch b) bma `p`rt`bh 0 bma `rtîguah 4? bm a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` y me ma `p`rt`bh 7 bma `rtîguah 42 bm a` nisn` she ghechrnms ghe ahs rmquisiths prmvisths me bigjhs `rtîguahs si sm `fust`e ` a`s ehrn`s tégeig`s ghrrmsphebimetms guyhs eönmrhs bm rmcmrmegi` j`y`e sibh pudaig`bhs me ma ‑Bi`rih Hcigi`a bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm`„. Wm rmghehgmrà mcig`gi` ` ahs gmrticig`bhs bm ghechrnib`b shdrm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` qum j`y`e sibh hthrl`bhs phr ahs hrl`eisnhs bmsile`bhs p`r` maah me gu`aquimr Mst`bh nimndrh bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh.
C. Wupmrvisi÷e y ghetrha Ma Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a ghetrha`rà ma gunpainimeth phr ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum mxpib`e `a pödaigh gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm a`s hdail`gihems mst`damgib`s me a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm y me sus bisphsigihems bm bms`rrhaah. @sinisnh, supmrvis`rà ma cuegihe`nimeth bma sistmn` y bm ahs hrl`eisnhs bm gmrticig`gi÷e bm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`. Ma Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a rm`aiz`rà a`s `gtu`gihems iespmgthr`s qum sm`e prmgis`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm su cuegi÷e bm ghetrha. Ahs cuegihe`rihs `bsgriths `a Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a qum rm`aigme a` iespmggi÷e `etmrihr tmebràe a` ghesibmr`gi÷e bm `uthrib`b pödaig` me ma bmsmnpmðh bm sus ghnmtibhs. Ma Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a phbrà `ghrb`r a`s nmbib`s `prhpi`b`s p`r` ma gunpainimeth bm a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm y sus bisphsigihems bm bms`rrhaah. Ma Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a phbrà rmgurrir ` metib`bms iebmpmebimetms y tégeig`nmetm gu`aicig`b`s p`r` qum am `sist`e me a`s a`dhrms bm supmrvisi÷e y ghetrha shdrm ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum am `sile` a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm. _hbrà rmqumrirsm a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm prumd`s me a`dhr`thrihs h metib`bms mspmgi`aiz`b`s p`r` `grmbit`r ma gunpainimeth bm bmtmrnie`bhs rmquisiths. Me mstm g`sh, ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs ghrrmràe ghe ahs l`sths qum hg`sihem mst` mv`au`gi÷e.
L. Bmdmr bm iechrn`gi÷e y gha`dhr`gi÷e Ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e, a` metib`b iebmpmebimetm bm `grmbit`gi÷e y ahs hrl`eisnhs bm gmrticig`gi÷e timeme a` hdail`gi÷e bm c`giait`r `a Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a thb` a` iechrn`gi÷e y gha`dhr`gi÷e prmgis`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus cuegihems. Me p`rtigua`r, bmdmràe pmrnitir ` sus `lmetms h `a pmrshe`a iespmgthr ma `ggmsh ` sus iest`a`gihems y a` ghesuat` bm gu`aquimr bhgunmet`gi÷e rmamv`etm p`r` a` iespmggi÷e bm qum sm tr`tm. Me
=2:
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
sus iespmggihems phbràe ir `ghnp`ð`bhs bm mxpmrths h pmriths me a`s n`tmri`s shdrm a`s qum vmrsme `quéaa`s. Ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e bmdmràe ghnueig`r `a Nieistmrih bm Memrlî`, Rurisnh y @lmeb` Bilit`a ma ieigih bm su `gtivib`b, sus b`ths bm ibmeticig`gi÷e, iegauymebh a` ibmeticig`gi÷e cisg`a y rmlistr`a, me su g`sh, ahs b`ths qum pmrnit`e mst`damgmr ghnueig`gi÷e ghe ma prmst`bhr, iegauibhs ma ehndrm bm bhnieih bm ietmremt, ahs b`ths bm `tmegi÷e `a pödaigh, a`s g`r`gtmrîstig`s bm ahs smrvigihs qum v`y`e ` prmst`r, a`s gmrticig`gihems hdtmeib`s p`r` sus smrvigihs y a`s gmrticig`gihems bm ahs bisphsitivhs qum utiaigme. Mst` iechrn`gi÷e bmdmrà smr ghevmeimetmnmetm `gtu`aiz`b` phr ahs prmst`bhrms y smrà hdfmth bm pudaig`gi÷e me a` birmggi÷e bm ietmremt bma git`bh nieistmrih ghe a` cie`aib`b bm hthrl`ram a` nàxin` bicusi÷e y ghehginimeth. Gu`ebh, ghnh ghesmgumegi` bm ue` `gtu`gi÷e iespmgthr`, sm tuvimr` ghehginimeth bm jmgjhs qum pubimr`e smr ghestitutivhs bm iecr`ggihems tipicig`b`s me htr`s amyms, sm b`rà gumet` bm ahs nisnhs ` ahs ÷rl`ehs u hrl`eisnhs ghnpmtmetms p`r` su supmrvisi÷e y s`egi÷e.
7. @GGMWH MAMGRT× EIGH BM AHW GI]B@B@E GI]B@B@EHW HW @ AHW WMTSIGIHW; A@ _THDAMNÀRIG@ BM A@ @BNIEIWRT@GI×E MAMGRT×EIG@ Y BM W] IN_A@ER@GI×E 7.0 Ehrn`s lmemr`ams bm `gtu`gi÷e @. Bmrmgjh y hdail`gi÷e bm rma`gihe`rsm mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s A`s pmrshe`s cîsig`s phbràe mamlir me thbh nhnmeth si sm ghnueig`e ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus bmrmgjhs y hdail`gihems ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs h eh, s`avh qum mstée hdail`b`s ` rma`gihe`rsm ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Ma nmbih mamlibh phr a` pmrshe` p`r` ghnueig`rsm ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s phbrà smr nhbicig`bh phr `qumaa` me gu`aquimr nhnmeth. Me thbh g`sh, mst`ràe hdail`bhs ` rma`gihe`rsm ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s p`r` a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm gu`aquimr trànitm bm ue prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, `a nmehs, ahs siluimetms sufmths6 `) A`s pmrshe`s furîbig`s. d) A`s metib`bms sie pmrshe`aib`b furîbig`. g) Puimems mfmrz`e ue` `gtivib`b prhcmsihe`a p`r` a` qum sm rmquimr` ghamli`gi÷e hdail`thri`, p`r` ahs trànitms y `gtu`gihems qum rm`aigme ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s me mfmrgigih bm bigj` `gtivib`b prhcmsihe`a. Me thbh g`sh, bmetrh bm mstm ghamgtivh sm metmebmràe iegauibhs ahs eht`rihs y rmlistr`bhrms bm a` prhpimb`b y nmrg`etiams. b) Puimems rmprmsmetme ` ue ietmrms`bh qum msté hdail`bh ` rma`gihe`rsm mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=29
mbithri`a } gmp
m) Ahs mnpam`bhs bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s p`r` ahs trànitms y `gtu`gihems qum rm`aigme ghe maa`s phr r`z÷e bm su ghebigi÷e bm mnpam`bh pödaigh, me a` chrn` me qum sm bmtmrniem rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm phr g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e. Tmla`nmet`ri`nmetm, a`s @bnieistr`gihems phbràe mst`damgmr a` hdail`gi÷e bm rma`gihe`rsm ghe maa`s ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs p`r` bmtmrnie`bhs prhgmbinimeths y p`r` gimrths ghamgtivhs bm pmrshe`s cîsig`s qum phr r`z÷e bm su g`p`gib`b mghe÷nig`, tégeig`, bmbig`gi÷e prhcmsihe`a u htrhs nhtivhs qumbm `grmbit`bh qum timeme `ggmsh y bispheidiaib`b bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs emgms`rihs.
D. Amelu` bm ahs prhgmbinimeths A` amelu` bm ahs prhgmbinimeths tr`nit`bhs phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh smrà ma g`stmaa`eh. Eh hdst`etm ah `etmrihr, ahs ietmrms`bhs qum sm birif`e ` ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh ghe smbm me ma tmrrithrih bm ue` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` phbràe utiaiz`r t`ndiée a` amelu` qum sm` ghhcigi`a me maa`. Me mstm g`sh, ma prhgmbinimeth sm tr`nit`rà me a` amelu` mamlib` phr ma ietmrms`bh. Wi ghegurrimr`e v`rihs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth, y mxistimr` bisgrmp`egi` me gu`eth ` a` amelu`, ma prhgmbinimeth sm tr`nit`rà me g`stmaa`eh, si dime ahs bhgunmeths h tmstinheihs qum rmquimr`e ahs ietmrms`bhs sm mxpmbiràe me a` amelu` mamlib` phr ahs nisnhs. A` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` iestrugthr` bmdmrà tr`bugir `a g`stmaa`eh ahs bhgunmeths, mxpmbimetms h p`rtms bm ahs nisnhs qum bmd`e surtir mcmgth cumr` bma tmrrithrih bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ahs bhgunmeths birilibhs ` ahs ietmrms`bhs qum `sî ah shaigitme mxprms`nmetm. Wi bmdimr`e surtir mcmgths me ma tmrrithrih bm ue` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bhebm sm` ghhcigi`a ms` nisn` amelu` bistiet` bma g`stmaa`eh, eh smrà prmgis` su tr`buggi÷e.
G. Tmlistrhs G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e bisphebrà bm ue Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a, me ma qum sm j`rà ma ghrrmsphebimetm `simeth bm thbh bhgunmeth qum sm` prmsmet`bh h qum sm rmgid` me gu`aquimr ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh, Hrl`eisnh pödaigh h Metib`b viegua`bh h bmpmebimetm ` ésths. R`ndiée sm phbràe `eht`r me ma nisnh, a` s`aib` bm ahs bhgunmeths hcigi`ams birilibhs ` htrhs ÷rl`ehs h p`rtigua`rms. Ahs Hrl`eisnhs pödaighs viegua`bhs h bmpmebimetms bm g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e phbràe bisphemr bm su prhpih rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dam m ietmrghemgt`bh ghe ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` qum bmpmebm. Ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a bm g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e cuegihe`rà ghnh ue phrt`a qum c`giait`rà ma `ggmsh ` ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm g`b` Hrl`eisnh. R`eth ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a bm g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e ghnh ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm g`b` Hrl`eisnh gunpairàe ghe a`s l`r`etî`s y nmbib`s bm smlurib`b prmvist`s me a` amlisa`gi÷e me n`tmri` bm prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths bm g`ràgtmr pmrshe`a. A`s bisphsigihems bm grm`gi÷e bm ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs sm pudaig`ràe me ma bi`rih hcigi`a ghrrmsphebimetm y su tmxth îetmlrh bmdmrà mst`r bispheidam p`r` ghesuat` me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm `ggmsh `a rmlistrh. Me thbh g`sh, a`s bisphsigihems bm grm`gi÷e bm rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mspmgicig`ràe ma ÷rl`eh h ueib`b rmsphes`dam bm su lmsti÷e, `sî ghnh a` cmgj` y jhr` hcigi`a y ahs bî`s bmga`r`bhs ghnh iejàdiams.
==?
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
Me ahs prhgmbinimeths tr`nit`bhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems bm a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y bm a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams, ma ush bm a` amelu` sm `fust`rà ` ah prmvisth me a` amlisa`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` ghrrmsphebimetm.
Me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm `ggmsh ` g`b` rmlistrh cilur`rà a` rma`gi÷e `gtu`aiz`b` bm trànitms qum pumbme ieigi`rsm me ma nisnh. Ahs `simeths sm `eht`ràe rmspmt`ebh ma hrbme tmnphr`a bm rmgmpgi÷e h s`aib` bm ahs bhgunmeths, m iebig`ràe a` cmgj` bma bî` me qum sm prhbuzg`e. Ghegauibh ma trànitm bm rmlistrh, ahs bhgunmeths smràe gurs`bhs sie bia`gi÷e ` sus bmstie`t`rihs y ` a`s ueib`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s ghrrmsphebimetms bmsbm ma rmlistrh me qum judimr`e sibh rmgidib`s. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh l`r`etiz`rà a` ghest`egi`, me g`b` `simeth qum sm pr`gtiqum, bm ue eönmrh, mpîlr`cm mxprmsivh bm su e`tur`amz`, cmgj` y jhr` bm su prmsmet`gi÷e, ibmeticig`gi÷e bma ietmrms`bh, ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh rmnitmetm, si prhgmbm, y pmrshe` u ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh `a qum sm mevî`, y, me su g`sh, rmcmrmegi` `a ghetmeibh bma bhgunmeth qum sm rmlistr`. _`r` maah, sm mnitirà `uthnàtig`nmetm ue rmgidh ghesistmetm me ue` ghpi` `utmetig`b` bma bhgunmeth bm qum sm tr`tm, iegauymebh a` cmgj` y jhr` bm prmsmet`gi÷e y ma eönmrh bm metr`b` bm rmlistrh, `sî ghnh ue rmgidh `grmbit`tivh bm htrhs bhgunmeths qum, me su g`sh, ah `ghnp`ðme, qum l`r`etigm a` ietmlrib`b y ma eh rmpubih bm ahs nisnhs. Ahs bhgunmeths qum ahs ietmrms`bhs birif`e ` ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s phbràe prmsmet`rsm6 `) Me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr` @bnieistr`gi÷e gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh `a qum sm birif`e, `sî ghnh me ahs rmst`etms rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs sufmths ` ahs qum sm rmcimrm ma `rtîguah 4.0 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. d) Me a`s hcigie`s bm Ghrrmhs, Ghrrmhs, me a` chrn` qum rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm sm mst`damzg`. g) Me a`s rmprmsmet`gihems bipahnàtig`s u hcigie`s ghesua`rms ghesua`rms bm Msp`ð` me ma mxtr`efmrh. b) Me a`s hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs. m) Me gu`aquimr htrh qum mst`damzg`e a`s bisphsigihems vilmetms.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
==0
mbithri`a } gmp
Ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm thb`s y g`b` ue` bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems, bmdmràe smr pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dams, bm nhbh qum sm l`r`etigm su ghnp`tidiaib`b iechrnàtig` m ietmrghemxi÷e, `sî ghnh a` tr`esnisi÷e tmamnàtig` bm ahs `simeths rmlistr`ams y bm ahs bhgunmeths qum sm prmsmetme me gu`aquimr` bm ahs rmlistrhs. Ahs bhgunmeths prmsmet`bhs bm n`emr` prmsmegi`a `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, bmdmràe smr bilit`aiz`bhs, bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me ma `rtîguah 4< bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s y bmnàs ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam, phr a` hcigie` bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs me a` qum j`y`e sibh prmsmet`bhs p`r` su ieghrphr`gi÷e `a mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh mamgtr÷eigh, bmvhaviéebhsm ahs hrilie`ams `a ietmrms`bh, sie pmrfuigih bm `qumaahs supumsths me qum a` ehrn` bmtmrniem a` gusthbi` phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm ahs bhgunmeths prmsmet`bhs h rmsuatm hdail`thri` a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm hdfmths h bm bhgunmeths me ue shphrtm mspmgîcigh eh susgmptidams bm bilit`aiz`gi÷e. Tmla`nmet`ri`nmetm, a`s @bnieistr`gihems phbràe mst`damgmr a` hdail`gi÷e bm prmsmet`r bmtmrnie`bhs bhgunmeths phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs p`r` gimrths prhgmbinimeths y ghamgtivhs bm pmrshe`s cîsig`s qum, phr r`z÷e bm su g`p`gib`b mghe÷nig`, tégeig`, bmbig`gi÷e prhcmsihe`a u htrhs nhtivhs qumbm `grmbit`bh qum timeme `ggmsh y bispheidiaib`b bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs emgms`rihs. _hbràe j`gmrsm mcmgtivhs nmbi`etm tr`escmrmegi` birilib` ` a` hcigie` pödaig` ghrrmsphebimetm gu`amsquimr` g`etib`bms qum j`y` qum s`tisc`gmr me ma nhnmeth bm a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm bhgunmeths ` a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, sie pmrfuigih bm a` phsidiaib`b bm su `dheh phr htrhs nmbihs. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe j`gmr pödaig` y n`etmemr `gtu`aiz`b` ue` rma`gi÷e bm a`s hcigie`s me a`s qum sm prmst`rà `sistmegi` p`r` a` prmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bm bhgunmeths. Eh sm tmebràe phr prmsmet`bhs me ma rmlistrh `qumaahs bhgunmeths m iechrn`gi÷e guyh rélinme mspmgi`a mst`damzg` htr` chrn` bm prmsmet`gi÷e.
B. @rgjivh bm bhgunmeths G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e bmdmrà n`etmemr ue `rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh öeigh bm ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs qum ghrrmspheb`e ` prhgmbinimeths cie`aiz`bhs, me ahs t érniehs mst`damgibhs me a` ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr` `paig`dam. Ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs bmdmràe ghesmrv`rsm me ue chrn`th qum pmrnit` l`r`etiz`r a` `utmetigib`b, ietmlrib`b y ghesmrv`gi÷e bma bhgunmeth, `sî ghnh su ghesuat` ghe iebmpmebmegi` bma timnph tr`esgurribh bmsbm su mnisi÷e. Wm `smlur`rà me thbh g`sh a` phsidiaib`b bm tr`sa`b`r ahs b`ths ` htrhs chrn`ths y shphrtms qum l`r`etigme ma `ggmsh bmsbm bicmrmetms `paig`gihems. A` mainie`gi÷e bm bigjhs bhgunmeths bmdmrà smr `uthriz`b` bm `gumrbh ` ah bispumsth me a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam. Ahs nmbihs h shphrtms me qum sm `an`gmeme bhgunmeths, bmdmràe ghet`r ghe nmbib`s bm smlurib`b, bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me ma Msqumn` E`gihe`a bm Wmlurib`b, qum l`r`etigme a` ietmlrib`b, `utmetigib`b, ghecibmegi`aib`b, g`aib`b, prhtmggi÷e y ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ahs bhgunmeths `an`gme`bhs. Me p`rtigua`r, `smlur`ràe a` ibmeticig`gi÷e bm ahs usu`rihs y ma ghetrha bm `ggmshs, `sî ghnh ma gunpainimeth bm a`s l`r`etî`s prmvist`s me a` amlisa`gi÷e bm prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths.
==4
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
M. Gha`dhr`gi÷e bm a`s pmrshe`s A`s pmrshe`s gha`dhr`ràe ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e me ahs térniehs prmvisths me a` Amy qum me g`b` g`sh rmsuatm `paig`dam, y ` c`at` bm prmvisi÷e mxprms`, c`giait`ràe ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e ahs iechrnms, iespmggihems y htrhs `gths bm ievmstil`gi÷e qum rmquimr`e p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s, s`avh qum a` rmvma`gi÷e bm a` iechrn`gi÷e shaigit`b` phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e `tmet`r` ghetr` ma jhehr, a` ietinib`b pmrshe`a h c`niai`r h supusimr`e a` ghnueig`gi÷e bm b`ths ghecibmegi`ams bm tmrgmrhs bm ahs qum tmel`e ghehginimeth phr a` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs prhcmsihe`ams bm bi`le÷stigh, `smshr`nimeth h bmcmes`, sie pmrfuigih bm ah bispumsth me a` amlisa`gi÷e me n`tmri` bm da`equmh bm g`pit`ams y cie`egi`gi÷e bm `gtivib`bms tmrrhrist`s. Ahs ietmrms`bhs me ue prhgmbinimeth qum ghehzg`e ghehzg`e b`ths qum pmrnit`e pmrnit`e ibmeticig`r ` htrhs ietmrms`bhs qum eh j`y`e ghnp`rmgibh me éa timeme ma bmdmr bm prhphrgiheàrsmahs ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e `gtu`etm.
Gu`ebh a`s iespmggihems rmquimr`e a` metr`b` me ma bhnigiaih bma `cmgt`bh h me ahs rmst`etms aul`rms qum rmquimr`e `uthriz`gi÷e bma titua`r, sm mst`rà ` ah bispumsth me ma `rtîguah 0?? bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s ` prhp÷sith bm a` mfmgugi÷e chrzhs`.
C. Ghnp`rmgmegi` bm a`s pmrshe`s A` ghnp`rmgmegi` bm a`s pmrshe`s `etm a`s hcigie`s pödaig`s, y` sm` prmsmegi`anmetm h phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, s÷ah smrà hdail`thri` gu`ebh `sî msté prmvisth me ue` ehrn` ghe r`elh bm amy. Me ahs g`shs me qum prhgmb` a` ghnp`rmgmegi`, a` ghrrmsphebimetm git`gi÷e j`rà ghest`r mxprms`nmetm ma aul`r, cmgj`, jhr`, ahs nmbihs bispheidams y hdfmth bm a` ghnp`rmgmegi`, `sî ghnh ahs mcmgths bm eh `tmebmra`. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s metrml`ràe `a ietmrms`bh gmrticig`gi÷e `grmbit`tiv` bm a` ghnp`rmgmegi` gu`ebh `sî ah shaigitm.
L. Tmsphes`diaib`b bm a` tr`nit`gi÷e Ahs titua`rms bm a`s ueib`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s y ma pmrshe`a `a smrvigih bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s qum tuvimsme ` su g`rlh a` rmshaugi÷e h ma bmsp`gjh bm ahs `sueths, smràe rmsphes`dams birmgths bm su tr`nit`gi÷e y `bhpt`ràe a`s nmbib`s hphrtue`s p`r` rmnhvmr ahs hdstàguahs qum inpib`e, biciguatme h rmtr`sme ma mfmrgigih pameh bm ahs bmrmgjhs bm ahs ietmrms`bhs h ma rmspmth ` sus ietmrmsms amlîtinhs, bispheimebh ah emgms`rih p`r` mvit`r y mainie`r thb` `ehrn`aib`b me a` tr`nit`gi÷e bm prhgmbinimeths. Ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe shaigit`r a` mxilmegi` bm ms` rmsphes`diaib`b ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` bm qum bmpmeb` ma pmrshe`a `cmgt`bh.
J. Hdail`gi÷e bm rmshavmr A` @bnieistr`gi÷e mstà hdail`b` ` bigt`r rmshaugi÷e mxprms` y ` ehticig`ra` me thbhs ahs prhgmbinimeths gu`aquimr` qum sm` su chrn` bm ieigi`gi÷e.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
==7
mbithri`a } gmp
Me ahs g`shs bm prmsgripgi÷e, rmeuegi` bma bmrmgjh, g`bugib`b bma prhgmbinimeth h bmsistinimeth bm a` shaigitub, `sî ghnh bm bms`p`rigi÷e shdrmvmeib` bma hdfmth bma prhgmbinimeth, a` rmshaugi÷e ghesistirà me a` bmga`r`gi÷e bm a` girguest`egi` qum ghegurr` me g`b` g`sh, ghe iebig`gi÷e bm ahs jmgjhs prhbugibhs y a`s ehrn`s `paig`dams. Wm mxgmptö`e bm a` hdail`gi÷e ` qum sm rmcimrm ma pàrr`ch prinmrh, ahs supumsths bm tmrnie`gi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth phr p`gth h ghevmeih, `sî ghnh ahs prhgmbinimeths rma`tivhs `a mfmrgigih bm bmrmgjhs shnmtibhs öeig`nmetm `a bmdmr bm bmga`r`gi÷e rmsphes`dam h ghnueig`gi÷e ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e. Ma pa`zh nàxinh me ma qum bmdm ehticig`rsm a` rmshaugi÷e mxprms` smrà ma cif`bh phr a` ehrn` rmlua`bhr` bma ghrrmsphebimetm prhgmbinimeth. Mstm pa`zh eh phbrà mxgmbmr bm smis nmsms s`avh qum ue` ehrn` ghe r`elh bm Amy mst`damzg` ueh n`yhr h `sî vmel` prmvisth me ma Bmrmgjh bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm`. Gu`ebh a`s ehrn`s rmlua`bhr`s bm ahs prhgmbinimeths eh cifme ma pa`zh nàxinh, mstm smrà bm trms nmsms. Mstm pa`zh y ahs prmvisths `etmrihrnmetm sm ghet`ràe6 `) Me ahs prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs bm hcigih, bmsbm a` cmgj` bma `gumrbh bm ieigi`gi÷e. d) Me ahs ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bma ietmrms`bh, bmsbm a` cmgj` me qum a` shaigitub j`y` tmeibh metr`b` me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh ghnpmtmetm p`r` su tr`nit`gi÷e. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdme pudaig`r y n`etmemr `gtu`aiz`b`s me ma phrt`a wmd, ` mcmgths iechrn`tivhs, a`s rma`gihems bm prhgmbinimeths bm su ghnpmtmegi`, ghe iebig`gi÷e bm ahs pa`zhs nàxinhs bm bur`gi÷e bm ahs nisnhs, `sî ghnh bm ahs mcmgths qum prhbuzg` ma siamegih `bnieistr`tivh. Me thbh g`sh, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s iechrn`ràe ` ahs ietmrms`bhs bma pa`zh nàxinh mst`damgibh p`r` a` rmshaugi÷e bm ahs prhgmbinimeths y p`r` a` ehticig`gi÷e bm ahs `gths qum ams phel`e térnieh, `sî ghnh bm ahs mcmgths qum pumb` prhbugir ma siamegih `bnieistr`tivh. Bigj` nmegi÷e sm iegauirà me a` ehticig`gi÷e h pudaig`gi÷e bma `gumrbh bm ieigi`gi÷e bm hcigih, h me a` ghnueig`gi÷e qum sm birilirà `a mcmgth `a ietmrms`bh bmetrh bm ahs bimz bî`s siluimetms ` a` rmgmpgi÷e bm a` shaigitub ieigi`bhr` bma prhgmbinimeth me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh ghnpmtmetm p`r` su tr`nit`gi÷e. Me mstm öatinh g`sh, a` ghnueig`gi÷e iebig`rà `bmnàs a` cmgj` me qum a` shaigitub j` sibh rmgidib` phr ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm. Gu`ebh ma eönmrh bm a`s shaigitubms chrnua`b`s h a`s pmrshe`s `cmgt`b`s pubimr`e suphemr ue iegunpainimeth bma pa`zh nàxinh bm rmshaugi÷e, ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, ` prhpumst` r`zhe`b` bma ÷rl`eh iestrugthr, h ma supmrihr fmràrquigh bma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, ` prhpumst` bm éstm, phbràe j`diait`r ahs nmbihs pmrshe`ams y n`tmri`ams p`r` gunpair ghe ma bmsp`gjh `bmgu`bh y me pa`zh. Ma pmrshe`a `a smrvigih bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s qum tmel` ` su g`rlh ma bmsp`gjh bm ahs `sueths, `sî ghnh ahs titua`rms bm ahs ÷rl`ehs `bnieistr`tivhs ghnpmtmetms p`r` iestruir y rmshavmr she birmgt`nmetm rmsphes`dams, me ma àndith bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s bma gunpainimeth bm a` hdail`gi÷e aml`a bm bigt`r rmshaugi÷e mxprms` me pa`zh. Ma iegunpainimeth bm bigj` hdail`gi÷e b`rà aul`r ` a` mxilmegi` bm rmsphes`diaib`b bisgipaie`ri`, sie pmrfuigih bm a` qum judimrm aul`r bm `gumrbh ghe a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam.
==2
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
I. Wuspmesi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh p`r` rmshavmr Ma tr`esgursh bma pa`zh nàxinh aml`a p`r` rmshavmr ue prhgmbinimeth y ehticig`r a` rmshaugi÷e sm phbrà suspmebmr me ahs siluimetms g`shs6 `) Gu`ebh bmd` rmqumrirsm ` gu`aquimr ietmrms`bh p`r` a` suds`e`gi÷e bm bmcigimegi`s h a` `phrt`gi÷e bm bhgunmeths y htrhs mamnmeths bm fuigih emgms`rihs, phr ma timnph qum nmbim metrm a` ehticig`gi÷e bma rmqumrinimeth y su mcmgtivh gunpainimeth phr ma bmstie`t`rih, h, me su bmcmgth, phr ma bma pa`zh ghegmbibh, thbh maah sie pmrfuigih bm ah prmvisth me ma `rtîguah 3: bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. d) Gu`ebh bmd` hdtmemrsm ue prheuegi`nimeth prmvih y prmgmptivh prmgmptivh bm ue ÷rl`eh bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm`, phr ma timnph qum nmbim metrm a` pmtigi÷e, qum j`drà bm ghnueig`rsm ` ahs ietmrms`bhs, y a` ehticig`gi÷e bma prheuegi`nimeth ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e iestrugthr`, qum t`ndiée bmdmrà smrams ghnueig`b`. g) Gu`ebh mxist` ue prhgmbinimeth eh cie`aiz`bh me ma àndith bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm` qum ghebigihem birmgt`nmetm ma ghetmeibh bm a` rmshaugi÷e bm qum sm tr`tm, bmsbm qum sm tmel` ghest`egi` bm su mxistmegi`, ah qum bmdmrà smr ghnueig`bh ` ahs ietmrms`bhs, j`st` qum sm rmsumav`, ah qum t`ndiée j`drà bm smr ehticig`bh. b) Gu`ebh sm shaigitme iechrnms prmgmptivhs prmgmptivhs ` ue ÷rl`eh bm a` nisn` h bistiet` @bnieistr`gi÷e, phr ma timnph qum nmbim metrm a` pmtigi÷e, qum bmdmrà ghnueig`rsm ` ahs ietmrms`bhs, y a` rmgmpgi÷e bma iechrnm, qum ilu`anmetm bmdmrà smr ghnueig`b` ` ahs nisnhs. Mstm pa`zh bm suspmesi÷e eh phbrà mxgmbmr me eielöe g`sh bm trms nmsms. Me g`sh bm eh rmgidirsm ma iechrnm me ma pa`zh iebig`bh, prhsmluirà ma prhgmbinimeth. m) Gu`ebh bmd`e rm`aiz`rsm prumd`s tégeig`s h `eàaisis ghetr`bigthrihs h birinmetms prhpumsths prhpumsths phr ahs ietmrms`bhs, bur`etm ma timnph emgms`rih p`r` a` ieghrphr`gi÷e bm ahs rmsuat`bhs `a mxpmbimetm. c) Gu`ebh sm ieigime emlhgi`gihems ghe vist`s ` a` ghegausi÷e bm ue p`gth h ghevmeih ghevmeih me ahs térniehs prmvisths me ma `rtîguah :3 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, bmsbm a` bmga`r`gi÷e chrn`a `a rmspmgth y j`st` a` ghegausi÷e sie mcmgth, me su g`sh, bm a`s rmcmrib`s emlhgi`gihems, qum sm ghest`t`rà nmbi`etm bmga`r`gi÷e chrnua`b` phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e h ahs ietmrms`bhs. l) Gu`ebh p`r` a` rmshaugi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth sm` iebispmes`dam a` hdtmegi÷e bm ue prmvih prheueprheuegi`nimeth phr p`rtm bm ue ÷rl`eh furisbiggihe`a, bmsbm ma nhnmeth me qum sm shaigit`, ah qum j`drà bm ghnueig`rsm ` ahs ietmrms`bhs, j`st` qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e tmel` ghest`egi` bma nisnh, ah qum t`ndiée bmdmrà smrams ghnueig`bh. Ma tr`esgursh bma pa`zh nàxinh aml`a p`r` rmshavmr ue prhgmbinimeth y ehticig`r a` rmshaugi÷e sm suspmebmrà me ahs siluimetms g`shs6 `) Gu`ebh ue` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` rmquimr` ` htr` p`r` qum `euam h rmvism ue `gth qum metimeb` qum ms iaml`a y qum ghestituy` a` d`sm p`r` ma qum a` prinmr` j`y` bm bigt`r me ma àndith bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s, me ma supumsth `a qum sm rmcimrm ma `p`rt`bh = bma `rtîguah 79 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, bmsbm qum sm rm`aiz` ma rmqumrinimeth j`st` qum sm `timeb` h, me su g`sh, sm rmsumav` ma rmgursh ietmrpumsth `etm a` furisbiggi÷e ghetmegihsh `bnieistr`tiv`. Bmdmrà smr ghnueig`bh ` ahs ietmrms`bhs t`eth a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bma rmqumrinimeth, ghnh su gunpainimeth h, me su g`sh, a` rmshaugi÷e bma ghrrmsphebimetm rmgursh ghetmegihsh-`bnieistr`tivh.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
===
mbithri`a } gmp
d) Gu`ebh ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr bmgib` bmgib` rm`aiz`r `alue` `gtu`gi÷e ghnpamnmet`ri` bm a`s prmvist`s me ma `rtîguah :< bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, bmsbm ma nhnmeth me qum sm ehticiqum ` ahs ietmrms`bhs ma `gumrbh nhtiv`bh bma ieigih bm a`s `gtu`gihems j`st` qum sm prhbuzg` su tmrnie`gi÷e. g) Gu`ebh ahs ietmrms`bhs prhnumv`e prhnumv`e a` rmgus`gi÷e me gu`aquimr nhnmeth bm a` tr`nit`gi÷e bm ue prhgmbinimeth, bmsbm qum ést` sm pa`etmm j`st` qum sm` rmsumat` phr ma supmrihr fmràrquigh bma rmgus`bh.
F. @npai`gi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh p`r` rmshavmr y ehticig`r Mxgmpgihe`anmetm, gu`ebh sm j`y`e `lht`bh ahs nmbihs pmrshe`ams y n`tmri`ams bispheidams ` ahs qum sm rmcimrm ma `p`rt`bh = bma `rtîguah 40 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, ` prhpumst`, me su g`sh, bma ÷rl`eh iestrugthr h ma supmrihr fmràrquigh bma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, phbrà `ghrb`r bm n`emr` nhtiv`b` a` `npai`gi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh bm rmshaugi÷e y ehticig`gi÷e, eh pubimebh smr mstm supmrihr `a mst`damgibh p`r` a` tr`nit`gi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth. Ghetr` ma `gumrbh qum rmsumav` shdrm a` `npai`gi÷e bm pa`zhs, qum bmdmrà smr ehticig`bh ` ahs ietmrms`bhs, eh g`drà rmgursh `alueh.
K. Wiamegih `bnieistr`tivh me prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bma ietmrms`bh Me ahs prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bma ietmrms`bh, sie pmrfuigih bm a` rmshaugi÷e qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bmdm bigt`r me a` chrn` prmvist` smluib`nmetm, ma vmeginimeth bma pa`zh nàxinh sie j`dmrsm ehticig`bh rmshaugi÷e mxprms`, amlitin` `a ietmrms`bh h ietmrms`bhs p`r` metmebmra` mstin`b` phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh, mxgmpth me ahs supumsths me ahs qum ue` ehrn` ghe r`elh bm amy h ue` ehrn` bm Bmrmgjh bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm` h bm Bmrmgjh ietmre`gihe`a `paig`dam me Msp`ð` mst`damzg`e ah ghetr`rih. Gu`ebh ma prhgmbinimeth tmel` phr hdfmth ma `ggmsh ` `gtivib`bms h su mfmrgigih, a` amy qum bisphel` ma g`ràgtmr bmsmstin`thrih bma siamegih bmdmrà cueb`rsm me a` ghegurrmegi` bm r`zhems inpmrihs`s bm ietmrés lmemr`a. Ma siamegih tmebrà mcmgth bmsmstin`thrih me ahs prhgmbinimeths rma`tivhs `a mfmrgigih bma bmrmgjh bm pmtigi÷e, ` qum sm rmcimrm ma `rtîguah 49 bm a` Ghestitugi÷e, `qumaahs guy` mstin`gi÷e tuvimr` ghnh ghesmgumegi` qum sm tr`escirimr`e `a shaigit`etm h ` tmrgmrhs c`guat`bms rma`tiv`s `a bhnieih pödaigh h `a smrvigih pödaigh, inpaiqume ma mfmrgigih bm `gtivib`bms qum pumb`e b`ð`r ma nmbih `ndimetm y me ahs prhgmbinimeths bm rmsphes`diaib`b p`trinhei`a bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Ma smetibh bma siamegih t`ndiée smrà bmsmstin`thrih me ahs prhgmbinimeths bm inpule`gi÷e bm `gths y bisphsigihems y me ahs bm rmvisi÷e bm hcigih ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bm ahs ietmrms`bhs. Eh hdst`etm, gu`ebh ma rmgursh bm `az`b` sm j`y` ietmrpumsth ghetr` a` bmsmstin`gi÷e phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh bm ue` shaigitub phr ma tr`esgursh bma pa`zh, sm metmebmrà mstin`bh ma nisnh si, aaml`bh ma pa`zh bm rmshaugi÷e, ma ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh ghnpmtmetm eh bigt`sm y ehticig`sm rmsh-
==3
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
augi÷e mxprms`, simnprm qum eh sm rmcimr` ` a`s n`tmri`s meunmr`b`s me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr bm mstm `p`rt`bh. A` mstin`gi÷e phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh timem ` thbhs ahs mcmgths a` ghesibmr`gi÷e bm `gth `bnieistr`tivh cie`aiz`bhr bma prhgmbinimeth. A` bmsmstin`gi÷e phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh timem ahs shahs mcmgths bm pmrnitir ` ahs ietmrms`bhs a` ietmrphsigi÷e bma rmgursh `bnieistr`tivh h ghetmegihsh-`bnieistr`tivh qum rmsuatm prhgmbmetm. A` hdail`gi÷e bm bigt`r rmshaugi÷e mxprms` ` qum sm rmcimrm ma `p`rt`bh prinmrh bma `rtîguah 40 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s sm sufmt`rà `a siluimetm rélinme6 `) Me ahs g`shs bm mstin`gi÷e phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh, a` rmshaugi÷e mxprms` mxprms` phstmrihr ` a` prhbuggi÷e bma `gth s÷ah phbrà bigt`rsm bm smr ghecirn`thri` bma nisnh. d) Me ahs g`shs bm bmsmstin`gi÷e phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh, a` rmshaugi÷e rmshaugi÷e mxprms` phstmrihr `a vmeginimeth bma pa`zh sm `bhpt`rà phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e sie viegua`gi÷e `alue` `a smetibh bma siamegih. Ahs `gths `bnieistr`tivhs prhbugibhs phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh sm phbràe j`gmr v`amr t`eth `etm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e ghnh `etm gu`aquimr pmrshe` cîsig` h furîbig`, pödaig` h priv`b`. Ahs nisnhs prhbugme mcmgths bmsbm ma vmeginimeth bma pa`zh nàxinh me ma qum bmdm bigt`rsm y ehticig`rsm a` rmshaugi÷e mxprms` sie qum a` nisn` sm j`y` mxpmbibh, y su mxistmegi` pumbm smr `grmbit`b` phr gu`aquimr nmbih bm prumd` `bnitibh me Bmrmgjh, iegauibh ma gmrticig`bh `grmbit`tivh bma siamegih prhbugibh. Mstm gmrticig`bh sm mxpmbirà bm hcigih phr ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr me ma pa`zh bm quiegm bî`s bmsbm qum mxpirm ma pa`zh nàxinh p`r` rmshavmr ma prhgmbinimeth. Wie pmrfuigih bm ah `etmrihr, ma ietmrms`bh phbrà pmbirah me gu`aquimr nhnmeth, ghnputàebhsm ma pa`zh iebig`bh `etmrihrnmetm bmsbm ma bî` siluimetm ` `quma me qum a` pmtigi÷e tuvimsm metr`b` me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr.
A. C`at` bm rmshaugi÷e mxprms` me prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs bm hcigih Me ahs prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs bm hcigih, ma vmeginimeth bma pa`zh nàxinh mst`damgibh sie qum sm j`y` bigt`bh y ehticig`bh rmshaugi÷e mxprms` eh mxinm ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bma gunpainimeth bm a` hdail`gi÷e aml`a bm rmshavmr, prhbugimebh ahs siluimetms mcmgths6 `) Me ma g`sh bm prhgmbinimeths bm ahs qum pubimr` bmriv`rsm ma rmghehginimeth h, me su g`sh, a` ghestitugi÷e bm bmrmgjhs u htr`s situ`gihems furîbig`s c`vhr`dams, ahs ietmrms`bhs qum judimrme ghnp`rmgibh phbràe metmebmr bmsmstin`b`s sus prmtmesihems phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh. d) Me ahs prhgmbinimeths me qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e mfmrgitm phtmst`bms s`egihe`bhr`s h, me lmemr`a, bm ietmrvmegi÷e, susgmptidams bm prhbugir mcmgths bmsc`vhr`dams h bm lr`v`nme, sm prhbugirà a` g`bugib`b. Me msths g`shs, a` rmshaugi÷e qum bmga`rm a` g`bugib`b hrbme`rà ma `rgjivh bm a`s `gtu`gihems, ghe ahs mcmgths prmvisths me ma `rtîguah 9= bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Me ahs supumsths me ahs qum ma prhgmbinimeth sm judimr` p`r`aiz`bh phr phr g`us` input`dam `a ietmrms`bh, sm ietmrrunpirà ma g÷nputh bma pa`zh p`r` rmshavmr y ehticig`r a` rmshaugi÷e.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
==<
mbithri`a } gmp
N. Mnisi÷e bm bhgunmeths phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s Wm metimebm phr bhgunmeths pödaighs `bnieistr`tivhs ahs vàaib`nmetm mnitibhs phr ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mnitiràe ahs bhgunmeths `bnieistr`tivhs phr msgrith, ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, ` nmehs qum su e`tur`amz` mxif` htr` chrn` nàs `bmgu`b` bm mxprmsi÷e y ghest`egi`. _`r` smr ghesibmr`bhs vàaibhs, ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs `bnieistr`tivhs bmdmràe6 `) Ghetmemr iechrn`gi÷e bm gu`aquimr e`tur`amz` `rgjiv`b` me ue shphrtm mamgtr÷eigh mamgtr÷eigh smlöe ue chrn`th bmtmrnie`bh susgmptidam bm ibmeticig`gi÷e y tr`t`nimeth bicmrmegi`bh. d) Bisphemr bm ahs b`ths bm ibmeticig`gi÷e qum pmrnit`e su iebivibu`aiz`gi÷e, sie pmrfuigih bm su phsidam ieghrphr`gi÷e ` ue mxpmbimetm mamgtr÷eigh. g) Ieghrphr`r ue` rmcmrmegi` tmnphr`a bma nhnmeth me qum j`e sibh mnitibhs. b) Ieghrphr`r ahs nmt`b`ths nîeinhs mxilibhs. m) Ieghrphr`r a`s cirn`s mamgtr÷eig`s qum ghrrmspheb`e bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam.
Wm ghesibmr`ràe vàaibhs ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs, qum gunpaimebh msths rmquisiths, sm`e tr`sa`b`bhs ` ue tmrgmrh ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs.
Eh rmqumriràe bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs mnitibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s qum sm pudaiqume ghe g`ràgtmr nmr`nmetm iechrn`tivh, `sî ghnh `qumaahs qum eh chrnme p`rtm bm ue mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. Me thbh g`sh, smrà emgms`rih ibmeticig`r ma hrilme bm msths bhgunmeths.
E. S`aibmz y mcig`gi` bm a`s ghpi`s rm`aiz`b`s phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` bmtmrnie`rà ahs ÷rl`ehs qum tmel`e `triduib`s a`s ghnpmtmegi`s bm mxpmbigi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm ahs bhgunmeths pödaighs `bnieistr`tivhs h priv`bhs. A`s ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm bhgunmeths priv`bhs surtme öeig`nmetm mcmgths `bnieistr`tivhs. A`s ghpi`s `utéetig`s rm`aiz`b`s phr ue` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` tmebràe v`aibmz me a`s rmst`etms @bnieistr`gihems. @ msths mcmgths, a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams phbràe rm`aiz`r ghpi`s `utéetig`s nmbi`etm cuegihe`rih j`di ait`bh h nmbi`etm `gtu`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv` `uthn`tiz`b`. Wm bmdmrà n`etmemr `gtu`aiz`bh ue rmlistrh, u htrh sistmn` mquiv`ametm, bhebm ghest`ràe ahs cuegihe`rihs j`diait`bhs p`r` a` mxpmbigi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s qum bmdmràe smr pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dams y mst`r ietmrghemgt`bhs ghe ahs bm a`s rmst`etms @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, ` ahs mcmgths bm ghnprhd`r a` v`aibmz bm a` git`b` j`diait`gi÷e. Me mstm rmlistrh h sistmn` mquiv`ametm ghest`ràe, `a nmehs, ahs cuegihe`rihs qum prmstme smrvigihs me a`s hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs.
==:
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
Rmebràe a` ghesibmr`gi÷e bm ghpi` `utéetig` bm ue bhgunmeth pödaigh `bnieistr`tivh h priv`bh a`s rm`aiz`b`s, gu`aquimr` qum sm` su shphrtm, phr ahs ÷rl`ehs ghnpmtmetms bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s me a`s qum qumbm l`r`etiz`b` a` ibmetib`b bma ÷rl`eh qum j` rm`aiz`bh a` ghpi` y su ghetmeibh. _`r` l`r`etiz`r a` ibmetib`b y ghetmeibh bm a`s ghpi`s mamgtr÷eig`s h me p`pma, y phr t`eth su g`ràgtmr bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe `fust`rsm ` ah prmvisth me ma Msqumn` E`gihe`a bm Ietmrhpmr`diaib`b, ma Msqumn` E`gihe`a bm Wmlurib`b y sus ehrn`s tégeig`s bm bms`rrhaah, `sî ghnh ` a`s siluimetms rmla`s6
A`s ghpi`s `utéetig`s `utéetig`s tmebràe a` nisn` v`aibmz y mcig`gi` qum ahs bhgunmeths hrilie`ams.
`) A`s ghpi`s mamgtr÷eig`s bm ue bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh hrilie`a hrilie`a h bm ue` ghpi` mamgtr÷eig` mamgtr÷eig` `utéetig`, ghe h sie g`ndih bm chrn`th, bmdmràe iegauir ahs nmt`b`ths qum `grmbitme su ghebigi÷e bm ghpi` y qum sm visu`aigme `a ghesuat`r ma bhgunmeth. d) A`s ghpi`s mamgtr÷eig`s bm bhgunmeths me shphrtm shphrtm p`pma h me htrh shphrtm eh mamgtr÷eigh susgmpsusgmptidam bm bilit`aiz`gi÷e, rmqumriràe qum ma bhgunmeth j`y` sibh bilit`aiz`bh y bmdmràe iegauir ahs nmt`b`ths qum `grmbitme su ghebigi÷e bm ghpi` y qum sm visu`aigme `a ghesuat`r ma bhgunmeth. Wm metimebm phr bilit`aiz`gi÷e, ma prhgmsh tmgeha÷ligh qum pmrnitm ghevmrtir ue bhgunmeth me shphrtm p`pma h me htrh shphrtm eh mamgtr÷eigh me ue cigjmrh mamgtr÷eigh qum ghetimem a` in`lme ghbicig`b`, cima m îetmlr` bma bhgunmeth. g) A`s ghpi`s me shphrtm p`pma bm bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs rmqumriràe qum me a`s nisn`s cilurm a` ghebigi÷e bm ghpi` y ghetmebràe ue g÷bilh lmemr`bh mamgtr÷eig`nmetm u htrh sistmn` bm vmricig`gi÷e, qum pmrnitirà ghetr`st`r a` `utmetigib`b bm a` ghpi` nmbi`etm ma `ggmsh ` ahs `rgjivhs mamgtr÷eighs bma ÷rl`eh u Hrl`eisnh pödaigh mnishr. b) A`s ghpi`s me shphrtm p`pma bm bhgunmeths hrilie`ams mnitibhs me bigjh shphrtm shphrtm sm prhphrgihe`ràe nmbi`etm ue` ghpi` `utéetig` me p`pma bma bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh qum sm megumetrm me phbmr bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e h dime nmbi`etm ue` pumst` bm n`eicimsth mamgtr÷eig` ghetmeimebh ghpi` `utéetig` bma bhgunmeth hrilie`a. @ msths mcmgths, a`s @bnieistr`gihems j`ràe pödaighs, ` tr`vés bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` ghrrmsphebimetm, ahs g÷bilhs smlurhs bm vmricig`gi÷e u htrh sistmn` bm vmricig`gi÷e utiaiz`bh. Ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe shaigit`r, me gu`aquimr nhnmeth, a` mxpmbigi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm ahs bhgunmeths pödaighs `bnieistr`tivhs qum j`y`e sibh vàaib`nmetm mnitibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. A` shaigitub sm birilirà `a ÷rl`eh qum mniti÷ ma bhgunmeth hrilie`a, bmdimebh mxpmbirsm, s`avh a`s mxgmpgihems bmriv`b`s bm a` `paig`gi÷e bm a` Amy 09/4?07, bm 9 bm bigimndrm, me ma pa`zh bm quiegm bî`s ` ghet`r bmsbm a` rmgmpgi÷e bm a` shaigitub me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e u Hrl`eisnh ghnpmtmetm. @sinisnh, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mst`ràe hdail`b`s ` mxpmbir ghpi`s `utéetig`s mamgtr÷eig`s bm gu`aquimr bhgunmeth me p`pma qum prmsmetme ahs ietmrms`bhs y qum sm v`y` ` ieghrphr`r ` ue mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. Gu`ebh a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mxpib`e ghpi`s `utéetig`s mamgtr÷eig`s, bmdmrà qumb`r mxprms`nmetm `sî iebig`bh me ma bhgunmeth bm a` ghpi`. A` mxpmbigi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm bhgunmeths pödaighs eht`ri`ams, rmlistr`ams y fubigi`ams, `sî ghnh bm ahs bi`rihs hcigi`ams, sm rmlirà phr su amlisa`gi÷e mspmgîcig`.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
==9
mbithri`a } gmp
Ð. Bhgunmeths `phrt`bhs phr ahs ietmrms`bhs `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh Ahs ietmrms`bhs bmdmràe `phrt`r `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ahs b`ths y bhgunmeths mxilibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bm `gumrbh ghe ah bispumsth me a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam. @sinisnh, ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe `phrt`r gu`aquimr htrh bhgunmeth qum mstinme ghevmeimetm. Ahs ietmrms`bhs eh mst`ràe hdail`bhs ` `phrt`r bhgunmeths qum j`y`e sibh ma`dhr`bhs phr gu`aquimr @bnieistr`gi÷e, ghe iebmpmebmegi` bm qum a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm ahs git`bhs bhgunmeths tmel` g`ràgtmr prmgmptivh h c`guat`tivh me ma prhgmbinimeth bm qum sm tr`tm, simnprm qum ma ietmrms`bh j`y` mxprms`bh su ghesmetinimeth ` qum sm`e ghesuat`bhs h rmg`d`bhs bigjhs bhgunmeths. Wm prmsunirà qum a` ghesuat` u hdtmegi÷e ms `uthriz`b` phr ahs ietmrms`bhs s`avh qum ghestm me ma prhgmbinimeth su hphsigi÷e mxprms` h a` amy mspmgi`a `paig`dam rmquimr` ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh. Me `usmegi` bm hphsigi÷e bma ietmrms`bh, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe rmg`d`r ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ` tr`vés bm sus rmbms ghrphr`tiv`s h nmbi`etm ghesuat` ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s bm ietmrnmbi`gi÷e bm b`ths u htrhs sistmn`s mamgtr÷eighs j`diait`bhs `a mcmgth. Gu`ebh sm tr`tm bm iechrnms prmgmptivhs y` ma`dhr`bhs phr ue ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh bistieth `a qum tr`nit` ma prhgmbinimeth, ésths bmdmràe smr rmnitibhs me ma pa`zh bm bimz bî`s ` ghet`r bmsbm su shaigitub. Gunpaibh mstm pa`zh, sm iechrn`rà `a ietmrms`bh bm qum pumbm `phrt`r mstm iechrnm h mspmr`r ` su rmnisi÷e phr ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm. A`s @bnieistr`gihems @bnieistr`gihems eh mxiliràe ` ahs ietmrms`bhs a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm bhgunmeths bhgunmeths hrilie`ams, s`avh qum, ghe g`ràgtmr mxgmpgihe`a, a` ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr` `paig`dam mst`damzg` ah ghetr`rih.
@sinisnh, a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s eh rmqumriràe ` ahs ietmrms`bhs b`ths h bhgunmeths eh mxilibhs phr a` ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr` `paig`dam h qum j`y`e sibh `phrt`bhs `etmrihrnmetm phr ma ietmrms`bh ` gu`aquimr @bnieistr`gi÷e. @ msths mcmgths, ma ietmrms`bh bmdmrà iebig`r me qué nhnmeth y `etm qum ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh prmsmet÷ ahs git`bhs bhgunmeths, bmdimebh a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s rmg`d`rahs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ` tr`vés bm sus rmbms ghrphr`tiv`s h bm ue` ghesuat` ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s bm ietmrnmbi`gi÷e bm b`ths u htrhs sistmn`s mamgtr÷eighs j`diait`bhs `a mcmgth. Wm prmsunirà qum mst` ghesuat` ms `uthriz`b` phr ahs ietmrms`bhs, s`avh qum ghestm me ma prhgmbinimeth su hphsigi÷e mxprms` h a` amy mspmgi`a `paig`dam rmquimr` ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh, bmdimebh, me `ndhs g`shs, smr iechrn`bhs prmvi`nmetm bm sus bmrmgjhs me n`tmri` bm prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths bm g`ràgtmr pmrshe`a. Mxgmpgihe`anmetm, si a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s eh pubimr`e rmg`d`r ahs git`bhs bhgunmeths, phbràe shaigit`r eumv`nmetm `a ietmrms`bh su `phrt`gi÷e. Gu`ebh ghe g`ràgtmr mxgmpgihe`a, y bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, a` @bnieistr`gi÷e shaigit`r` `a ietmrms`bh a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm ue bhgunmeth hrilie`a y mstm mstuvimr` me chrn`th p`pma, ma ietmrms`bh bmdmrà hdtmemr ue` ghpi` `utéetig`, smlöe ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me su `rtîguah 4<, ghe g`ràgtmr prmvih ` su prmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`. A` ghpi` mamgtr÷eig` rmsuat`etm rmcamf`rà mxprms`nmetm mst` girguest`egi`. Mxgmpgihe`anmetm, gu`ebh a` rmamv`egi` bma bhgunmeth me ma prhgmbinimeth ah mxif` h mxist`e bub`s bmriv`b`s bm a` g`aib`b bm a` ghpi`, a`s @bnieistr`gihems phbràe shaigit`r bm n`emr` nhtiv`b` ma ghtmfh bm a`s ghpi`s `phrt`b`s phr ma ietmrms`bh, p`r` ah qum phbràe rmqumrir a` mxjidigi÷e bma bhgunmeth h bm a` iechrn`gi÷e hrilie`a.
=3?
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
A`s ghpi`s qum `phrtme ahs ietmrms`bhs `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh tmebràe mcig`gi`, mxgausiv`nmetm me ma àndith bm a` `gtivib`b bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Ahs ietmrms`bhs sm rmsphes`diaiz`ràe bm a` vmr`gib`b bm ahs bhgunmeths qum prmsmetme.
7.4 Bisphsigihems `bigihe`ams bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s shdrm `rgjivhs y rmlistrhs @. @bjmsi÷e bm a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y Metib`bms Ahg`ams ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s y rmlistrhs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh _`r` gunpair ghe ah prmvisth me n`tmri` bm rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm `phbmr`nimeths, rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, `rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh öeigh, pa`t`chrn` bm ietmrnmbi`gi÷e bm b`ths y pueth bm `ggmsh lmemr`a mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams phbràe `bjmrirsm vhauet`ri`nmetm y ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s y rmlistrhs mst`damgibhs `a mcmgth phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh. Wu eh `bjmsi÷e, bmdmrà fusticig`rsm me térniehs bm mcigimegi` ghechrnm `a `rtîguah < bm a` Amy Hrlàeig` 4/4?04, bm 4< bm `dria, bm Mst`diaib`b _rmsupumst`ri` y Whstmeidiaib`b Cie`egimr`. Me ma g`sh qum ue` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` h ue` Metib`b Ahg`a fusticiqum `etm ma Nieistmrih bm J`gimeb` y Cuegi÷e _ödaig` qum pumbm prmst`r ma smrvigih bm ue nhbh nàs mcigimetm, bm `gumrbh ghe ahs gritmrihs prmvisths me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr, y hptm phr n`etmemr su prhpih rmlistrh h pa`t`chrn`, a`s git`b`s @bnieistr`gihems bmdmràe l`r`etiz`r qum mstm gunpam ghe ahs rmquisiths bma Msqumn` E`gihe`a bm Ietmrhpmr`diaib`b, ma Msqumn` E`gihe`a bm Wmlurib`b, y sus ehrn`s tégeig`s bm bms`rrhaah, bm nhbh qum sm l`r`etigm su ghnp`tidiaib`b iechrnàtig` m ietmrghemxi÷e, `sî ghnh a` tr`esnisi÷e tmamnàtig` bm a`s shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems qum sm rm`aigme me sus ghrrmsphebimetms rmlistrhs y pa`t`chrn`s.
D. Hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe n`etmemr pmrn`emetmnmetm `gtu`aiz`bh me a` ghrrmsphebimetm smbm mamgtr÷eig` ue birmgthrih lmhlràcigh qum pmrnit` `a ietmrms`bh ibmeticig`r a` hcigie` bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs nàs pr÷xin` ` su bhnigiaih.
G. @bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` `. Nmbihs mamgtr÷eigh mamgtr÷eighs, s, iechrnàtighs y tmamnàti tmamnàtighs ghs Wm rmghehgm ma bmrmgjh bm a` giub`b`eî` ` rma`gihe`rsm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, me ahs térniehs y bm `gumrbh ghe ahs priegipihs qum mst`damgm a` Amy 00/4??<, bm 44 bm fueih, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh bm ahs giub`b`ehs ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs, ghe a`s l`r`etî`s bm bispheidiaib`b, `ggmsh, ietmlrib`b, `utmetigib`b, ghecibmegi`aib`b, tr`z`diaib`b y ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ahs b`ths, ghnh t`ndiée bm ghnueig`gi÷e bm a` iechrn`gi÷e y ahs smrvigihs qum lmstihe` me ma àndith bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=30
mbithri`a } gmp
A` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs tmebrà ghnh prihrib`b ma ush bm a`s tmgehahlî`s bm a` iechrn`gi÷e me a` `gtivib`b `bnieistr`tiv`. Me mspmgi`a, c`giait`rà ma `ggmsh phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs bm a` giub`b`eî` ` a` iechrn`gi÷e y `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, ghe a`s ainit`gihems qum sm bmriv`e bm a` Ghestitugi÷e y bma rmsth bma hrbme`nimeth furîbigh. A` utiaiz`gi÷e bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs eh timem qum inpaig`r, me eielöe g`sh, ue` nmrn` bm ahs bmrmgjhs giub`b`ehs, ghnh t`nphgh rmstriggihems h bisgrinie`gihems bm gu`aquimr e`tur`amz` me su `ggmsh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs. Ahs bhgunmeths, ahs smrvigihs mamgtr÷eighs y a`s `paig`gihems qum sm phel`e ` bisphsigi÷e bm a` giub`b`eî` timeme qum smr visu`aiz`dams, `ggmsidams y cuegihe`anmetm hpmr`dams me ue`s ghebigihems qum pmrnit`e s`tisc`gmr ma priegipih bm emutr`aib`b tmgeha÷lig` y mvitme a` bisgrinie`gi÷e ` a` giub`b`eî` me r`z÷e bm su mamggi÷e tmgeha÷lig`. Ilu`anmetm, sm c`giait`rà ma bms`rrhaah y a` inpa`et`gi÷e bm ahs prhlrmshs tmgeha÷lighs nàs `bma`et`bhs y ötiams p`r` a`s rma`gihems ghe a` giub`b`eî`. A` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs rmlua`rà rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`, qum ms a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bispheidam p`r` a` giub`b`eî` ` tr`vés bm rmbms bm tmamghnueig`gihems, bm a` gu`a timem meghnmeb`b` a` titua`rib`b, a` lmsti÷e y a` `bnieistr`gi÷e. Wm grm`rà ue` ghnisi÷e, qum sm rmlua`rà rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm, ghnh ÷rl`eh bm ghhrbie`gi÷e y bm mea`gm metrm ahs ÷rl`ehs y ahs hrl`eisnhs ghe rmsphes`diaib`b shdrm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`, rmspmgth bm ghetmeibhs, bismðh y gumstihems tégeig`s bm a` smbm. Mst` ghnisi÷e mst`rà chrn`b`, ghnh nîeinh, phr ahs birmgthrms y/h a`s birmgthr`s lmemr`ams ghnpmtmetms me n`tmri` bm tmgehahlî` y ghnueig`gihems, me n`tmri` bm g`aib`b bm ahs smrvigihs y me n`tmri` bm ghnueig`gi÷e. Wm pudaig`ràe ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs a`s bisphsigihems y rmshaugihems qum, bm ghechrnib`b ghe su ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr`, timeme qum smr pudaig`b`s, y sm mst`damgmràe a`s nmbib`s bm smlurib`b emgms`ri`s qum l`r`etigme su vmr`gib`b m ietmlrib`b. Gu`aquimr ghpi` inprms` ghetmebrà ahs nmg`eisnhs emgms`rihs p`r` phbmr `ggmbmr `a hrilie`a mamgtr÷eigh.
d. Wistmn` bm rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh A` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs rmlua`rà rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, qum bmdm pmrnitir ` a` giub`b`eî` prmsmet`r phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs sus shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` pumbm rmgidir shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems birilibhs ` htr`s `bnieistr`gihems, bm `gumrbh ghe ah qum mst`damgme a` ehrn`tiv` dàsig` bm prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh y ahs ghevmeihs bm gha`dhr`gi÷e, qum, ` mstm mcmgth, sm susgrid`e.
g. Mxpmbimetm mamgtr÷eigh A` `bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` prhnhvmrà a` lmemr`aiz`gi÷e bma mxpmbimetm mamgtr÷eigh ghnh `atmre`tiv` `a mxpmbimetm me p`pma, me ahs térniehs qum mst`damgme a` amlisa`gi÷e dàsig` y a` ehrn`tiv` `uthe÷nig` qum a` bmspaimlum. Me a` hrbme`gi÷e, ahs mxpmbimetms mamgtr÷eighs mamgtr÷eighs rmspmt`ràe ahs priegipihs bm ietmlrib`b, bm `ggmsidiaib`b y bm ietmrghemxi÷e ghe htrhs bhgunmeths, mxpmbimetms h `rgjivhs mamgtr÷eighs.
=34
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
b. @rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh Ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` sm `rgjiv`ràe phr msths nmbihs me ahs térniehs qum sm mst`damzg`e rmla`nmet`ri`nmetm, y ms prmgmptivh ghesmrv`rahs gu`ebh ghetmel`e iechrn`gi÷e h bmgisihems rmamv`etms p`r` bmrmgjhs h ietmrmsms. L`r`etiz`rà a` smlurib`b, a` ietmlrib`b, a` `utmetigib`b, a` ghecibmegi`aib`b, a` g`aib`b, a` prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths y a` ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ahs bhgunmeths qum sm j`y`e `an`gme`bh y bmphsit`bh me `rgjivhs y bmp÷siths mamgtr÷eighs, ghnh t`ndiée a` phsidiaib`b bm `ggmbmr ` maahs y su ahg`aiz`gi÷e. Rhbh `ggmsh ` ue `rgjivh h bmp÷sith mamgtr÷eigh mst`rà ghetrha`bh y sm ibmeticig`rà ` ahs mnpam`bhs y a`s mnpam`b`s pödaighs y ` a`s pmrshe`s qum sm`e usu`ri`s. Wm `rditr`ràe nmbib`s tégeig`s qum l`r`etigme a` ghesmrv`gi÷e `bmgu`b` y ma phsidam tr`sa`bh bm ahs bhgunmeths ` eumvhs chrn`ths y shphrtms.
m. ]tiaiz`gi÷e bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs phr ÷rl`ehs ghamli`bhs Ahs ÷rl`ehs ghamli`bhs qum j`y` grm`bh a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs y qum mstée ietmlr`bhs me su tht`aib`b phr rmprmsmet`etms bm sus ÷rl`ehs y metib`bms bmpmebimetms utiaiz`ràe prmcmrmetmnmetm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs p`r` su cuegihe`nimeth. Me g`sh bm qum sm j`y` hpt`bh phr utiaiz`r nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, a` ghevhg`thri` bm a`s smsihems, ma hrbme bma bî` y a` bhgunmet`gi÷e rma`tiv` ` ahs `sueths qum ah ietmlrme sm ghnueig`ràe ` ahs nimndrhs phr ghrrmh mamgtr÷eigh ` a` birmggi÷e qum ` mstm mcmgth j`y`e bmsile`bh, sie pmrfuigih bm a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm htrhs nmbihs bm ghnueig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eighs y ghe iebmpmebmegi` qum j`y`e b`bh su ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh p`r` utiaiz`r mst` n`emr` bm git`gi÷e. A`s `gt`s, ahs aidrhs bm `gumrbhs y htrhs bhgunmeths bm ahs ÷rl`ehs ghamli`bhs timeme qum mst`r `rgjiv`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ghnh nîeinh y ghe thb`s a`s l`r`etî`s `bmgu`b`s p`r` su `utmetigib`b y ghesmrv`gi÷e.
c. Rr`esnisi÷e bm b`ths, ietmrhpmr ietmrhpmr`diaib`b, `diaib`b, ghhpmr`gi ghhpmr`gi÷e ÷e y gha`dhr`gi gha`dhr`gi÷e ÷e `bnieistr`tiv` A` `bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs c`giait`rà ` a`s htr`s `bnieistr`gihems ma `ggmsh phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs b`ths bm qum bisphem. @sinisnh, sm chnmet`rà ma `ggmsh phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs b`ths bm qum bisphel`e a`s `bnieistr`gihems ahg`a y mst`t`a. Mstm prmgmpth sm metimebm sie pmrfuigih bma gunpainimeth bm a` ehrn`tiv` me n`tmri` bm prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths bm g`ràgtmr pmrshe`a. A`s jmrr`nimet`s bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` mamgtr÷eig` l`r`etiz`ràe su ghnp`tidiaib`b ghe ahs nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e, `utmetig`gi÷e y bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs bma rmsth bm `bnieistr`gihems.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=37
mbithri`a } gmp
7.7 Ma `ggmsh `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs ghechrnm `a Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs @. Bisphsigihems lmemr`ams bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm `. Hdfmth Ma Bmgrmth timem phr hdfmth rmlua`r a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs me a`s rma`gihems metrm ahs giub`b`ehs y a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, `sî ghnh metrm ahs ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs qum a` chrn`e, y me a`s rma`gihems qum bigj` @bnieistr`gi÷e `uthe÷nig` pumb` tmemr ghe htr`s `bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s.
d. Àndith bm `paig`gi÷e Ma Bmgrmth ms bm `paig`gi÷e ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs y ` ahs metms qum ietmlr`e ma smgthr pödaigh iestrunmet`a bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, simnprm y gu`ebh ésths mfmrz`e phtmst`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s. A`s prmvisihems bma Bmgrmth eh she bm `paig`gi÷e ` ahs `etmrihrms metms rmspmgth bm a`s `gtivib`bms qum bms`rrhaame me rélinme bm bmrmgjh priv`bh.
D. Wmbm mamgtr÷eig` `. Wmbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs. A` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, (@P]I), ms a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bispheidam ` tr`vés bm a`s rmbms bm tmamghnueig`gihems y, me gu`aquimr g`sh, ` tr`vés bm a` pàlie` wmd (@P]I), ` tr`vés bm a` qum ahs giub`b`ehs pumbme `ggmbmr ` a` iechrn`gi÷e y ` ahs smrvigihs y trànitms mamgtr÷eighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth. Eh hdst`etm ah bispumsth me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr, nmbi`etm ue` rmshaugi÷e bma titua`r bm a` ghesm fmrî` bm `bsgripgi÷e ` bsgripgi÷e y ghe ma iechrnm c`vhr`dam c `vhr`dam bm a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Rmgehahlî` Y Ghnueig`gihems, ahs git`bhs metms pödaighs phbràe mst`damgmr smbms mamgtr÷eig`s prhpi`s, a`s gu`ams rmspmt`ràe a`s ehrn`s lmemr`ams y ma ghetmeibh nîeinh mst`damgibhs me ma Bmgrmth simebh, me gu`aquimr g`sh, `ggmsidams bmsbm a`s birmggihems git`b`s me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr.
d. Ehrn`s lmemr`ams A` pudaig`gi÷e me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm iechrn`gihems, smrvigihs y tr`es`ggihems rmspmt`rà ma priegipih bm `ggmsidiaib`b y ma rmsth bm priegipihs mst`damgibhs me a` amlisa`gi÷e dàsig` mst`t`a.
=32
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
Ma `ggmsh ` a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` eh rmqumrirà a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm eielue` nhb`aib`b bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, sie pmrfuigih bm a`s mxilmegi`s qum me n`tmri` bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` mst`damgm a` amlisa`gi÷e dàsig` mst`t`a p`r` ibmeticig`r a` smbm y l`r`etiz`r ue` ghnueig`gi÷e smlur`. A` iechrn`gi÷e iestitugihe`a y bm ahs smrvigihs ieghrphr`b` me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` mst`rà bispheidam, ghnh nîeinh, me amelu` g`t`a`e` y me amelu` g`stmaa`e`, smrà vmr`z y mst`rà pmrn`emetmnmetm `gtu`aiz`b`. A` iechrn`gi÷e y a` bhgunmet`gi÷e qum sm phel` ` bisphsigi÷e bma pödaigh sm metimebm sie pmrfuigih bm a` `tmegi÷e pmrshe`aiz`b` qum, me gu`aquimr g`sh, prmst`ràe bm n`emr` prmsmegi`a h tmamc÷eig` ahs mnpam`bhs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth, me ma mfmrgigih bm sus cuegihems. Rhb` a` iechrn`gi÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`, `sî ghnh ma bismðh, ahs tmxths, a`s inàlmems, ma sheibh y gu`aquimr htrh n`tmri`a qum a` ietmlrm, ms prhpimb`b ietmamgtu`a bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, `uequm pumb` utiaiz`rsm d`fh a` aigmegi` bmehnie`b` Grm`tivm Ghnnhes me a` nhb`aib`b Tmghehginimeth-Ghnp`rtir Ilu`a (dy-s`). Wm prhjîdm a` nhbicig`gi÷e eh `uthriz`b` bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` y bm sus ghetmeibhs.
g. Ghetmeibh A` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs ghetmebrà ghnh nîeinh6 `) A` ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` smbm y bm su titua`r. d) A` cmgj` y a` jhr` hcigi`a bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`, qum bisphebrà bm a`s nmbib`s bm smlurib`b emgmemgms`ri`s p`r` l`r`etiz`r su ietmlrib`b. g) Ma n`p` bm a` mstrugtur` hrlàeig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth, ghe `ggmshs birmgths ` a`s smbms mamgtr÷eig`s qum, me su g`sh, sm j`y`e mst`damgibh, a`s gu`ams ghetmebràe a` iechrn`gi÷e rma`tiv` ` sus ghnpmtmegi`s y `gtivib`bms, `sî ghnh su birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig`. b) Ma ievmet`rih `uthn`tiz`bh bm thbhs ahs tiphs bm prhgmbinimeths `bnieistr`tivhs qum tr`nit`e ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. m) Ma `ggmsh `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, rmlua`bh me ma g`pîtuah III bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, `sî ghnh me ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mspmgîcighs qum, me su g`sh, sm grmme. c) Ma tmxth îetmlrh bm a`s bisphsigihems phr a`s qum sm grmme grmme rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mamgtr÷eighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. l) A` rma`gi÷e `gtu`aiz`b` bm ahs prhgmbinimeths h bm ahs trànitms `bnieistr`tivhs qum pumbme rm`aiz`rsm phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs. j) Ahs nhbmahs ehrn`aiz`bhs bm ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms y a`s ghnueig`gihems qum pumbme prmsmet`r ahs giub`b`ehs nmbi`etm ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, `sî ghnh a` rma`gi÷e bm htrhs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs bm ush `atmre`tivh me g`b` g`sh me ma rmlistrh. i) A` rma`gi÷e bm bî`s iejàdiams ` mcmgths bma bma g÷nputh bm pa`zhs.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=3=
mbithri`a } gmp
f) A` rma`gi÷e bm ahs nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs qum ahs giub`b`ehs pumbme utiaiz`r me g`b` g`sh me ma mfmrgigih bm su bmrmgjh ` ghnueig`rsm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ghe ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. k) A` rma`gi÷e bm ahs sistmn`s bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` qum sm`e `bnitibhs h utiaiz`bhs phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. a) A` mbigi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bma Dhamtîe Hcigi`a bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs. n) A` pudaig`gi÷e bm ahs `gths y bm a`s ghnueig`gihems qum, phr bisphsigi÷e aml`a h rmla`nmet`ri`, bmd`e pudaig`rsm me ma t`da÷e bm `euegihs h bm mbigths, ghe g`ràgtmr ghnpamnmet`rih ` a` pudaig`gi÷e me ma t`da÷e cîsigh, ` nmehs qum sm bisphel` mxprms`nmetm su g`ràgtmr sustitutivh. e) Ahs nmbihs bispheidams p`r` chrnua`r sulmrmegi`s sulmrmegi`s y qumf`s. h) A` iechrn`gi÷e rma`gihe`b` ghe a` prhtmggi÷e prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths bm g`ràgtmr pmrshe`a. A` smbm mamgtr÷eig` t`ndiée ghetmebrà ue mea`gm ` a` _a`t`chrn` bm Ghetr`t`gi÷e bma Wmgthr _ödaigh qum pmrnitirà ma `ggmsh ` ahs pmrciams bm ghetr`t`etm bm thbhs ahs ÷rl`ehs bm ghetr`t`gi÷e iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, ` ahs mcmgths prmvisths me ma `rtîguah =7 bma Rmxth rmcuebibh bm a` Amy bm Ghetr`ths bma Wmgthr _ödaigh, `prhd`bh phr ma Tm`a Bmgrmth Amlisa`tivh 7/4?00, bm 02 bm ehvimndrm, y me ma `rtîguah 09 bm a` Amy 2/4?00, bm 70 bm n`rzh, bm a` dume` `bnieistr`gi÷e y bma dume lhdimreh bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs.
b. Ghnpmtmegi`s shdrm `bnieistr`gi÷e, lmsti÷e y ghhrbie`gi÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` A` ghnpmtmegi` shdrm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` sm `triduym ` a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Rmgehahlî` y Ghnueig`gihems, y ghnprmebm a`s siluimetms cuegihems6 `) Mfmrgmr a` birmggi÷e tégeig`, tégeig`, ma bismðh, a` ghetr`t`gi÷e, a` inpa`et`gi÷e, a` lmsti÷e, lmsti÷e, a` hpmr`gi÷e y ma n`etmeinimeth bm a`s iecr`mstrugtur`s, ahs mquiphs, ahs sistmn`s, ahs smrvigihs y a`s `paig`gihems qum sm`e emgms`rihs p`r` ma cuegihe`nimeth ghrrmgth bm ahs sistmn`s iechrnàtighs qum bmdme b`r `phyh ` a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. d) L`r`etiz`r y ghhrbie`r tégeig`nmetm a` ietmlr`gi÷e me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm ahs ahs sistmn`s bm iechrn`gi÷e qum lmemrme ahs ÷rl`ehs prmvisths smluib`nmetm. g) Smricig`r ma ghrrmgth cuegihe`nimeth y a` `ggmsidiaib`b bm a`s bicmrmetms `paig`gihems y smrvigihs hcrmgibhs ` tr`vés bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. b) Inp`rtir, ghe a` gha`dhr`gi÷e bma MD@_, chrn`gi÷e ` ahs mnpam`bhs pödaighs me ma ush bm a`s jmrr`nimet`s tmgeha÷lig`s qum bmdme b`r `phyh ` a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. Ahs ghetmeibhs ghegrmths bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` smràe lmstihe`bhs bm n`emr` ghegurrmetm phr ahs bicmrmetms ÷rl`ehs birmgtivhs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs y phr ma pmrshe`a birmgtivh bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, phr a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm G`aib`b bm ahs Wmrvigihs y phr a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Ghnueig`gi÷e. Ghegrmt`nmetm, g`b` ueh bm ahs `etmrihrms timeme `triduib`s a`s siluimetms ghnpmtmegi`s y cuegihems6
=33
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
`) Ahs ÷rl`ehs birmgtivhs birmgtivhs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs y ma pmrshe`a birmgtivh bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth she ghnpmtmetms p`r`6 - Ieghrphr`r a` iechrn`gi÷e qum lmemrme me ma àndith bm sus rmspmgtiv`s ghnpmtmegi`s ghnpmtmegi`s bmetrh bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` y `gtu`aiz`ra` pmrn`emetmnmetm. - Smricig`r y r`ticig`r ahs ghetmeibhs `etms bm ieghrphr`rahs me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. mamgtr÷eig`. - Ga`sicig`r a` iechrn`gi÷e y `b`pt`ra` ` a` mstrugtur` bm ghetmeibhs ghetmeibhs bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. - L`r`etiz`r L`r`etiz` r qum a` iechrn`gi÷e lmemr`b` susgmptidam bm ieghrphr`rsm me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` sm `bmgu` ` ahs p`trhems bm bismðh y bm mstrugtur`, `sî ghnh ` a`s birmgtrigms lmemr`ams ghetmeib`s me ma n`eu`a bm lmsti÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. d) A` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm G`aib`b bm ahs Wmrvigihs timem ghnpmtmegi` p`r`6 - Ghhrbie`r ahs ahs ghetmeibhs bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` ghe ghe rmspmgth ` a` iechrn`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv`, bmtmgt`r mrrhrms y bupaigib`bms, `sî ghnh aamv`r ` g`dh a`s `gtu`gihems emgms`ri`s p`r` qum sm ghrrif`e, ghe ma cie bm l`r`etiz`r qum a` iechrn`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv` qum `p`rmgm me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` sm` ghrrmgt`, vmr`z y sm megumetrm `gtu`aiz`b`. - Mv`au`r pmri÷big`nmetm a` g`aib`b, nmbi`etm megumst`s bm s`tisc`ggi÷e ` a` giub`b`eî` u htrhs nmbihs qum sm ghesibmrme `bmgu`bhs. - N`etmemr `gtu`aiz`bh ma ievmet`rih bm thbhs ahs tiphs bm prhgmbinimeths prhgmbinimeths `bnieistr`tivhs `bnieistr`tivhs qum tr`nit`e ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs qum bmdm `p`rmgmr me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. g) A` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Ghnueig`gi÷e ma`dhr`rà ahs p`trhems bm bismðh, bm mstrugtur` y bm in`lme qum sm smluiràe me a` ietrhbuggi÷e bm ahs ghetmeibhs bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`. Wm grm` a` Ghnisi÷e bm a` Wmbm Mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs ghnh ÷rl`eh bm ghhrbie`gi÷e y mea`gm metrm ahs ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth rmspmgth bm ahs ghetmeibhs, ma bismðh y a`s gumstihems tégeig`s bm a` smbm. A` Ghnisi÷e ma`dhr`rà y n`etmebrà `gtu`aiz`bh ue n`eu`a bm lmsti÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig`, qum iegauirà a`s birmgtrigms lmemr`ams bm ush, `bnieistr`gi÷e y ghhrbie`gi÷e bm a` smbm simebh hdfmth bm a` nàxin` bicusi÷e metrm ahs ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs `etmrihrms. A` Ghnisi÷e bm a` Wmbm Mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs mst`rà chrn`b`, ghnh nîeinh, phr ue rmprmsmet`etm bm a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Rmgehahlî` y Ghnueig`gihems, ue rmprmsmet`etm bm a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm G`aib`b bm ahs Wmrvigihs y ue rmprmsmet`etm bm a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Ghnueig`gi÷e.
G. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs `. E`tur`amz`, cie`aib`bms y rélinme furîbigh bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs sm ietmlr` me ma rmlistrh lmemr`a bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ms öeigh y ghnöe p`r` thbhs ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. Eh hdst`etm, nmbi`etm ue bmgrmth bma Ghesmfh bm Lhdimreh sm phbràe grm`r rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mspmgîcighs gu`ebh, me r`z÷e bm a` n`tmri` h bm htr`s girguest`egi`s, sm fusticiqum su emgmsib`b. A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=3<
mbithri`a } gmp
Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs timem a`s siluimetms cie`aib`bms6 `) _mrnitir ma `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh bm ahs giub`b`ehs ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs qum prmst`e a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth, nmbi`etm a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm trànitms `bnieistr`tivhs mamgtr÷eighs, ghesistmetms me a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems phr vî` mamgtr÷eig`. d) _rhbugir, ghe thbhs sus mcmgths, ehticig`gihems ehticig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s phr p`rtm bm ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth birilib`s ` a`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s y, me lmemr`a, ` ahs giub`b`ehs. g) _mrnitir a`s ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s mamgtr÷eig`s ietmr`bnieistr`tiv`s m ietmrhrlàeig`s. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs sm rmlua` phr a`s bisphsigihems mst`damgib`s me ma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm y su ehrn`tiv` bm bms`rrhaah, `sî ghnh phr a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, y phr ma rmsth bm ehrn`s mst`t`ams bm g`ràgtmr dàsigh qum sm`e bm `paig`gi÷e. A`s p`rtigua`rib`bms cuegihe`ams mst`damgib`s me ma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm eh supheme me eielöe g`sh a` nhbicig`gi÷e bm a`s rmla`s lmemr`ams shdrm rélinme furîbigh y prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh mst`damgib`s me a` Amy 7/4??7, bm 43 bm n`rzh, y me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, s`avh `qumaa`s mxprms`nmetm prmvist`s qum sm `np`r`e me a` ehrn`tiv` dàsig`.
d. Ghhrbie`gi÷e y lmsti÷e bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh A` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm G`aib`b bm ahs Wmrvigihs timem `triduib` a` ghnpmtmegi` shdrm a` ghhrbie`gi÷e y a` hrbme`gi÷e bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, `sî ghnh bm ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mspmgîcighs qum pumb`e grm`rsm bm `gumrbh ghe ma pàrr`ch 0¶ bma mpîlr`cm `etmrihr. A` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Rmgehahlî` y Ghnueig`gihems ms ma ÷rl`eh qum aamv`rà ` g`dh ma ghetrha y a` lmsti÷e bm ahs nmbihs tégeighs bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, `sî ghnh ma rmsphes`dam bm a` ghrrmgt` hpmr`tivib`b y bma n`etmeinimeth bma sistmn` h shphrtm iechrnàtigh bma rmlistrh. Ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh me qum sm iesmrt` ma trànitm mamgtr÷eigh mcmgtu`bh, ah ms t`ndiée p`r` rmshavmr a`s bub`s h a`s bisgrmp`egi`s bmriv`b`s bm a` mnisi÷e, a` rmgmpgi÷e h ma mevîh mamgtr÷eigh bma ghrrmsphebimetm msgrith, shaigitub, ghnueig`gi÷e h ehticig`gi÷e. A`s pmrshe`s usu`ri`s `sunme ghe g`ràgtmr mxgausivh a` rmsphes`diaib`b shdrm a`s ghesmgumegi`s qum pumb`e bmriv`rsm bma ush, a` gusthbi` y ma n`emfh cr`ubuameth, iebmdibh, ieghrrmgth h emlailmetm bm ahs mamnmeths emgms`rihs p`r` qum sm ibmeticiqume bm n`emr` mamgtr÷eig`, a` `utmetigib`b bm ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs qum prmsmetme y a` ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ahs fusticig`etms bm rmgmpgi÷e qum ams bmvumav` ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, `sî ghnh bm ahs mamnmeths `bmgu`bhs p`r` mst`damgmr ue` ghemxi÷e smlur` y prmgis` ghe ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh.
g. Cuegihems Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rms rm`aiz`rà a`s siluimetms cuegihems6
=3:
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
`) A` rmgmpgi÷e y ma rmlistrh bm metr`b` bm a`s shaigitubms, ahs msgriths y a`s ghnueig`gihems bm ahs giub`b`ehs, `sî ghnh htrhs ÷rl`ehs, `bnieistr`gihems h metms pödaighs, qum sm birif`e ` ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` y ` ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, me ahs prhgmbinimeths y trànitms susgmptidams bm tr`nit`gi÷e phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs. d) A` mxpmbigi÷e `uthnàtig` bm ahs rmgidhs `grmbit`tivhs bm ahs rmlistrhs bm metr`b` prhbugibhs. g) Ma mevîh bm a` shaigitub, ma msgrith msgrith h a` ghnueig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` mamgtr÷eig` ` ahs ÷rl`ehs, ueib`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s h ` ahs metms pödaighs bmstie`t`rihs. b) Ma mevîh y ma rmlistrh bm s`aib` bm a`s ehticig`gihems y ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s bm ahs ÷rl`ehs ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, birilib`s t`eth ` ahs giub`b`ehs ghnh ` htrhs ÷rl`ehs, `bnieistr`gihems h metms pödaighs. m) Ma n`etmeinimeth y a` ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ue `rgjivh iechrnàtigh bm ahs `smet`nimeths bm metr`b`s y bm s`aib`s bm a`s shaigitubms, ahs msgriths y a`s ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s. Rhb`s a`s shaigitubms, ahs msgriths h a`s ghnueig`gihems qum sm rmgid`e h sm mevîme ` tr`vés bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh sm rmlistr`ràe rmspmt`ebh ma hrbme tmnphr`a bm prmsmet`gi÷e, gursàebhsm sie bia`gi÷e ` sus bmstie`t`rihs phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs.
b. L`r`etî`s tégeig`s bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh y prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs rmspmt`rà ma priegipih bm emutr`aib`b tmgeha÷lig` y bm `b`pt`diaib`b `a prhlrmsh bm a`s tégeig`s y ahs sistmn`s bm ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s, l`r`etiz`ebh a` iebmpmebmegi` me a` mamggi÷e bm a`s `atmre`tiv`s tmgeha÷lig`s bm ahs giub`b`ehs y bm a`s `bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, `sî ghnh a` aidmrt`b bm bms`rrhaa`r m inpa`et`r ahs `v`egms tmgeha÷lighs me ue àndith bm aidrm nmrg`bh. @ t`ams mcmgths, a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` utiaiz`rà mstàeb`rms `dimrths, `sî ghnh, me su g`sh, y bm n`emr` ghnpamnmet`ri`, mstàeb`rms qum sm`e bm ush lmemr`aiz`bh phr ahs giub`b`ehs. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh l`r`etiz`rà me thbh nhnmeth nhnmeth a` ietmlrib`b, a` ghecibmegi`aib`b, a` bispheidiaib`b, a` `utmetigib`b, a` tr`z`diaib`b y a` ghesmrv`gi÷e bm ahs `simeths bm metr`b` y s`aib` mcmgtu`bhs, `sî ghnh bm a` iechrn`gi÷e y bm a` bhgunmet`gi÷e mevi`b` bm chrn` mamgtr÷eig`.
Ma sistmn` iechrnàtigh iechrn`rà bm qum ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms y a`s ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s, `sî ghnh a`s ehticig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s, qum suphel`e a` ghnueig`gi÷e bm b`ths pmrshe`ams bm a`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s, smràe tr`t`bhs phr ahs ÷rl`ehs `bnieistr`tivhs h metib`bms rmgmpthr`s, h mnishr`s, bm `gumrbh ghe ah mst`damgibh me a` Amy Hrlàeig` 0=/0999, bm 07 bm bigimndrm, bm _rhtmggi÷e bm B`ths bm G`ràgtmr _mrshe`a, y a` ehrn`tiv` qum a` bms`rrhaa`.
B. _rmsmet`gi÷e bm msgriths, shaigitubms y ghnueig`gihems me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs `. Ma `ggmsh bm ahs giub`b`ehs `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh Ma `ggmsh bm ahs giub`b`ehs `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh p`r` a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm msgriths, shaigitubms h ghnueig`gihems timem g`ràgtmr vhauet`rih y lr`tuith. A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=39
mbithri`a } gmp
Ghnh ehrn` lmemr`a, ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh ghestituym ue nmbih `atmre`tivh ` ahs prmvisths me ma `rtîguah 03.2 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, p`r` a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm ahs trànitms `bnieistr`tivhs. Eh hdst`etm, nmbi`etm ue` bisphsigi÷e rmla`nmet`ri` phbrà mst`damgmrsm a` hdail`gi÷e bm ahs giub`b`ehs bm utiaiz`r nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs me sus rma`gihems ghe ahs ÷rl`ehs h ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, gu`ebh sm`e pmrshe`s furîbig`s h ghamgtivhs bm pmrshe`s cîsig`s cî sig`s qum, qu m, phr r`z÷e bm su g`p`gib`b mghe÷nig` h tégeig`, bmbig`gi÷e prhcmsihe`a u htrhs nhtivhs `grmbit`bhs, tmel`e l`r`etiz`bhs ma `ggmsh ` ahs nmbihs tmgeha÷lighs emgms`rihs y a` bispheidiaib`b bm msths nmbihs. Ma `ggmsh `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh sm aamv`rà ` g`dh ` tr`vés bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, rmlua`bh me ma g`pîtuah II bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. A`s ietmrrupgihems emgms`ri`s y prmvisidams phr r`zhems tégeig`s bma smrvigih bm rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh smràe ghnueig`b`s ghe sucigimetm `etma`gi÷e me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rms. Eh hdst`etm, si a` ietmrrupgi÷e eh ms prhlr`n`b`, simnprm y gu`ebh sm` phsidam, sm visu`aiz`rà ue nmes`fm me ma qum sm j`l` ghest`r bigj` girguest`egi` ` ahs mcmgths bm qum a`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s mstée iechrn`b`s.
d. _rmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s Ghe g`ràgtmr lmemr`a, ahs giub`b`ehs öeig`nmetm öe ig`nmetm pumbme prmsmet`r ` tr`vés bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs a`s shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems gu`ebh `sî msté mxprms`nmetm prmvisth phr ue` rmshaugi÷e bma Ghesmfmrh h Ghesmfmr` h bma ÷rl`eh birmgtivh bma metm pödaigh ghnpmtmetm, prmvih iechrnm c`vhr`dam bm a` Birmggi÷e Lmemr`a bm Rmgehahlî` y Ghnueig`gihems. Bigj` rmshaugi÷e sm pudaig`rà me ma Dhamtîe Hcigi`a bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs ` ahs hphrtuehs mcmgths iechrn`tivhs. A` rmshaugi÷e git`b` `etmrihrnmetm tmebrà ma siluimetm ghetmeibh nîeinh6 `) Ibmeticig`gi÷e Ibmeticig`gi ÷e bm ahs trànitms qum pumb`e gurs`rsm bm n`emr` mamgtr÷eig` tht`a h p`rgi`anmetm. d) Cif`gi÷e bm ahs rmquisiths mspmgîcighs y `bigihe`ams mxilidams mxilidams ` ahs giub`b`ehs p`r` a` ghrrmgt` rm`aiz`gi÷e bma trànitm mamgtr÷eigh, ahs gu`ams vmrs`ràe, p`rtigua`rnmetm, me su g`sh, shdrm ahs nmbihs y ahs sistmn`s bm ibmeticig`gi÷e, bm `uthibmeticig`gi÷e y bm smlurib`b bm a` shaigitub, msgrith h ghnueig`gi÷e ghrrmsphebimetm. g) G`r`gtmrîstig`s tégeig`s tégeig`s bm ahs bhgunmeths. Wie pmrfuigih bm a` pudaig`gi÷e me ma Dhamtîe Hcigi`a bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs prmvist` `etmrihrnmetm, a` rma`gi÷e `gtu`aiz`b` bm ahs trànitms susgmptidams bm tr`nit`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`, `sî ghnh ahs nhbmahs ehrn`aiz`bhs p`r` a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems mst`ràe ` bisphsigi÷e bm ahs giub`b`ehs me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs. Ghrrmsphebm `a ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr ma prhgmbinimeth me qum sm iesmrtme ahs trànitms mamgtr÷eighs a` `prhd`gi÷e bm ahs nhbmahs ehrn`aiz`bhs emgms`rihs p`r` a` prmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bm a`s shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems, ahs gu`ams, ghnh nîeinh, ghetmebràe ahs siluimetms mxtrmnhs6 `) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` y, me su g`sh, bm su rmprmsmet`etm.
=
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
d) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bma bmstie`t`rih6 bmstie`t`rih6 ÷rl`eh h ueib`b `bnieistr`tiv` u hrl`eisnh pödaigh `a gu`a sm birilm. g) _rhgmbinimeth ` qum j`gm rmcmrmegi` rmcmrmegi` h bma gu`a chrn` p`rtm. b) Wi prhgmbm, rma`gi÷e bm ahs bhgunmeths ghnpamnmet`rihs qum sm `bfuet`e. m) Nmbih mamlibh phr a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` ghnh prmcmrmetm prmcmrmetm p`r` ghnueig`rsm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e me ma prhgmbinimeth qum ghrrmspheb` y a` ghrrmsphebimetm birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` h cîsig`, ` ahs mcmgths bm sudsiluimetms ehticig`gihems. Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs s÷ah `bnitirà a`s shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems birilibhs ` ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` nisn` @bnieistr`gi÷e y ` ahs metms pödaighs ` ahs qum sm` bm `paig`gi÷e ma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. A` prmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh birilibhs ` htr`s `bnieistr`gihems eh iegauib`s me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth eh prhbugirà mcmgth `alueh, ei hdail`rà ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` ` rmnitirahs ` bigj`s `bnieistr`gihems. R`nphgh prhbugirà eielöe mcmgth a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems qum ghrrmspheb` tr`nit`r ` htr` @bnieistr`gi÷e, ghechrnm ` a`s ghnpmtmegi`s qum ést` tmel` `triduib`s, `uequm chrn`anmetm mstée birilibhs ` ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs ` ahs qum sm` bm `paig`gi÷e ma git`bh Bmgrmth. Me mstm g`sh, a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` t`nphgh mst`rà hdail`b` ` rmnitirahs ` a` htr` @bnieistr`gi÷e. Eh hdst`etm ah `etmrihr, a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` phbrà susgridir ghevmeihs bm gha`dhr`gi÷e ghe htr`s `bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s `a hdfmth bm j`diait`r ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs y, me su g`sh, ahs rmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs mspmgîcighs qum pumb`e grm`rsm, p`r` rmgidir y mevi`r, me ahs térniehs cif`bhs me ma ghrrmsphebimetm ghevmeih, shaigitubms, msgriths h ghnueig`gihems birilibhs ` htr` `bnieistr`gi÷e. A` prmsmet`gi÷e bm gu`aquimr bhgunmeth mamgtr÷eigh qum ghetmel` ue g÷bilh n`aigihsh, metmebibh ghnh gu`aquimr ghnphemetm bm shctw`rm guyh hdfmtivh sm` bmstruir h n`eipua`r iechrn`gi÷e bm n`emr` eh `uthriz`b`, `sî ghnh `ggmbmr ` maa`, sm ghesibmr`rà ghnh eh rm`aiz`b`. Me bigjh g`sh, sm suspmebmrà bm ienmbi`th gu`aquimr hpmr`gi÷e qum rmquimr` ma prhgms`nimeth h a` utiaiz`gi÷e bma bhgunmeth y, simnprm y gu`ebh sm` phsidam, sm ghnueig`rà mstm jmgjh ` a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b`.
g. G÷nputh bm pa`zhs Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` sm rmlirà, ` mcmgths bma g÷nputh bm pa`zhs, t`eth p`r` a`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s ghnh p`r` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e, phr a` cmgj` y a` jhr` hcigi`a bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn`. A` prmsmet`gi÷e bm msgriths, shaigitubms y ghnueig`gihems phbrà rm`aiz`rsm thbhs ahs bî`s bma `ðh, bur`etm a`s vmietigu`trh jhr`s bma bî`. Eh hdst`etm, ghnh ehrn` lmemr`a, a` prmsmet`gi÷e rm`aiz`b` me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh me ue bî` iejàdia sm metmebmrà mcmgtu`b` me a` prinmr` jhr` bma prinmr bî` jàdia siluimetm, ` nmehs qum ue` ehrn` pmrnit` mxprms`nmetm a` rmgmpgi÷e me bî` iejàdia. Wm ghesibmr`e iejàdiams ahs bî`s `sî cif`bhs me ma g`ameb`rih `eu`a `prhd`bh phr a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, bm `gumrbh ghe ma `rtîguah 7?.< bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Bigjh g`ameb`rih, qum sm pudaig`rà hdail`thri`nmetm me ma Dhamtîe Hcigi`a bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs, t`ndiée sm j`rà pödaigh me a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=<0
mbithri`a } gmp
Me gu`aquimr g`sh, eh smrà bm `paig`gi÷e `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh ah bispumsth me ma `rtîguah 7?.3 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s.
b. Fusticig`etm mamgtr÷eigh bm rmgmpgi÷e A` @bnieistr`gi÷e `grmbit`rà a` rmgmpgi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s nmbi`etm a` mxpmbigi÷e `uthnàtig` bm ue fusticig`etm mamgtr÷eigh p`r` a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` ghesistmetm me ue` ghpi` `utmetig`b` bma msgrith, a` shaigitub h a` ghnueig`gi÷e bm qum sm tr`tm, `sî ghnh bm ahs bhgunmeths ghnpamnmet`rihs qum sm `bfuetme ` ésths, qum iegauirà, ghnh nîeinh, ma eönmrh bm rmlistrh bm metr`b` y a` cmgj` y a` jhr` bm su prmsmet`gi÷e mcmgtiv`, y phbrà tmemr ue chrn`th inprinidam. A` c`at` bm rmgmpgi÷e h a` rmgmpgi÷e irrmlua`r bma fusticig`etm mamgtr÷eigh bm rmgmpgi÷e, `sî ghnh a` visu`aiz`gi÷e h a` rmgmpgi÷e bm ue nmes`fm bm mrrhr h bm tr`esnisi÷e bmcigimetm, inpaig` me gu`aquimr g`sh qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e eh j` rmgidibh a` shaigitub, ma msgrith h a` ghnueig`gi÷e. Me mstm g`sh, a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` phbrà rmietmet`r a` prmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` me htrh nhnmeth h j`gmr ush bm `alueh bm ahs nmbihs `bnitibhs me ma `rtîguah 03.2 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. _hr nmbih bm a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` sm l`r`etiz`rà a` `utmetigib`b y a` ietmlrib`b bm ahs rmgidhs mxpmbibhs phr ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh ghechrnm ` a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam shdrm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` y, me p`rtigua`r, `a Bmgrmth 0?
m. Tmquisiths lmemr`ams bm `utmetigib`b, ibmeticig`gi÷e y smlurib`b bm ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms y a`s ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s A` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` y, me su g`sh, su rmprmsmet`etm sm ibmeticig`ràe bmdib`nmetm me ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms y a`s ghnueig`gihems qum prmsmetme mamgtr÷eig`nmetm, `sî ghnh bmdmràe `utmeticig`rahs, gu`ebh ghrrmspheb`, bm `gumrbh ghe ahs rmquisiths mst`damgibhs me a` rmshaugi÷e ` qum j`gm rmcmrmegi` ma `rtîguah 04 bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. Ma gunpainimeth bm ah mst`damgibh me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr eh mxinm, me su g`sh, bm a` hdail`gi÷e bm `grmbit`r a` rmprmsmet`gi÷e ghe qum sm `gtö` me ehndrm bm htr` pmrshe` bm `gumrbh ghe ah bispumsth me ma `rtîguah = bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s.
c. _rmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bm bhgunmet`gi÷e ghnpamnmet`ri` bm ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms h a`s ghnueig`gihems Ghe g`ràgtmr lmemr`a, a` bhgunmet`gi÷e ghnpamnmet`ri` bm ue` shaigitub, ue msgrith h ue` ghnueig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` sm `bfuet`rà nmbi`etm `emxhs me ahs chrn`ths lmemr`anmetm `bnitibhs h qum, p`rtigua`rnmetm, j`y`e sibh cif`bhs nmbi`etm a` rmshaugi÷e ` qum j`gm rmcmrmegi` ma `rtîguah 04 bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. Me g`sh bm qum a` bhgunmet`gi÷e ghnpamnmet`ri` eh sm `phrtm h eh sm pumb` `phrt`r nmbi`etm ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me ma pàrr`ch `etmrihr, a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` j`rà ghest`r bigj` girguest`egi` me ma nisnh msgrith, shaigitub h ghnueig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` y, `etms bm qum cie`aigm ma pa`zh lmemr`a bm suds`e`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, gu`ebh ghrrmspheb`,
=<4
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
bmdmrà prmsmet`ra`, mamgtr÷eig`nmetm h ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs nmbihs `bnisidams me bmrmgjh, bm `gumrbh ghe ma `rtîguah 03.2 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm. Me mstm g`sh, sm iebig`rà ma eönmrh bm metr`b` `sile`bh phr ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh ` a` shaigitub, ma msgrith h a` ghnueig`gi÷e `a qum sm prmtmebm `bfuet`r a` bhgunmet`gi÷e. Ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` tr`nit`r ma msgrith, a` shaigitub h a` ghnueig`gi÷e phbrà mxilir htr`s `gtu`gihems h rmquisiths mspmgîcighs ` ahs mcmgths bm `grmbit`r a` `utmetig`gi÷e bm ahs bhgunmeths ghnpamnmet`rihs `phrt`bhs nmbi`etm ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh.
M. A` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` `. Tmquisiths lmemr`ams bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` A` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` rm`aiz`b` phr ahs ÷rl`ehs y metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm s÷ah prhbugm mcmgths furîbighs gu`ebh a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` j`y` smð`a`bh bigjh nmbih ghnh prmcmrmetm h j`y` ghesmetibh mxprms`nmetm su utiaiz`gi÷e. @ t`ams mcmgths, ma ghesmetinimeth bm a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` phbrà prmst`rsm, nmbi`etm ahs nhbmahs ehrn`aiz`bhs mamgtr÷eighs qum sm phel`e ` bisphsigi÷e bm ahs giub`b`ehs, me gu`aquimr` bm a`s siluimetms chrn`s6 `) Bm n`emr` lmemr`a, p`r` thb`s a`s ehticig`gihems bm ahs ÷rl`ehs y bm ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm. d) Bm n`emr` ghegrmt`, me rma`gi÷e ghe6 - ]e shah prhgmbinimeth h trànitm `bnieistr`tivh ghegrmth. - ]e ghefueth bm prhgmbinimeths h trànitms `bnieistr`tivhs ghegrmths, vist` a` n`tmri` ` a` qum j`gme rmcmrmegi`, h ma ÷rl`eh h metm pödaigh ghnpmtmetm p`r` tr`nit`rahs. Ma ghesmetinimeth prmst`bh prmst`bh bm n`emr` lmemr`a lmemr`a h ghegrmt` me rma`gi÷e ` ue ghefueth bm bm prhgmbinimeths eh mxinirà ` a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` bm j`gmr ghest`r mst` girguest`egi` y a` ghrrmsphebimetm birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` me thb`s a`s shaigitubms ieigi`bhr`s bm gu`aquimr prhgmbinimeth.
]e` vmz qum a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` j`y` b`bh prmcmrmegi` `a sistmn` bm ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` y j`y` smð`a`bh ue` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig`, bmetrh bma ghesmetinimeth hthrl`bh, thbhs ahs prhgmbinimeths, a`s `gtu`gihems y ahs trànitms phsidams ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e sm rm`aiz`ràe nmbi`etm mstm g`e`a bm ghnueig`gi÷e, s`avh qum a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` shaigitm a` nhbicig`gi÷e bma sistmn` bm ehticig`gihems. Me mstm öatinh g`sh, iebig`rà ue` birmggi÷e cîsig` ` ahs mcmgths bm a` rm`aiz`gi÷e bm a`s ehticig`gihems sudsiluimetms phr gu`aquimr` bm ahs nmbihs `bnitibhs me ma `rtîguah 20 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Ahs ÷rl`ehs ghnpmtmetms phebràe ` bisphsigi÷e bm a`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s nhbmahs ehrn`aiz`bhs mamgtr÷eighs p`r` shaigit`r t`eth a` nhbicig`gi÷e bm a` birmggi÷e p`r` mcmgtu`r a`s ehticig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s ghnh a` nhbicig`gi÷e bma sistmn` bm ehticig`gi÷e. A`s pmrshe`s ietmrms`b`s ghnueig`ràe a`s nhbicig`gihems `etmrihrms ` thbhs ahs ÷rl`ehs h metms pödaighs ghe ahs qum tmel`e prhgmbinimeths me tr`nit`gi÷e h `etm ahs gu`ams j`y`e ghesmetibh mxprms`nmetm a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`. Me g`sh ghetr`rih, a`s ehticig`gihems qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e j`l` `a `np`rh bma ghesmetinimeth ieigi`a prhbugme ahs mcmgths furîbighs ghrrmsphebimetms. A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=<7
mbithri`a } gmp
d. _ràgtig` bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` _hr nmbih bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh ahs ÷rl`ehs ghnpmtmetms rmnitiràe ` a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` c`giait`b` ` t`a mcmgth phr a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` ue `vish bm ehticig`gi÷e bm g`ràgtmr iechrn`tivh rma`tivh ` a` mxistmegi` bm ue `gth hdfmth bm ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`, y t`ndiée a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` ` a` qum sm bmdm `ggmbmr p`r` ghehgmr su ghetmeibh. Ma `vish bm ehticig`gi÷e ghetmebrà ahs b`ths dàsighs qum pmrnit`e a` ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` ehticig`gi÷e pumst` ` bisphsigi÷e bm a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b`, ahs gu`ams, ghnh nîeinh, smràe ahs siluimetms6 `) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` pmrshe` bmstie`t`ri` bm a` ehticig`gi÷e. d) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bma ÷rl`eh u hrl`eisnh pödaigh mnishr bm a` ehticig`gi÷e. g) Drmvm bmsgripgi÷e bma `sueth. b) Eönmrh bm mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. @bmnàs, ma `vish bm ehticig`gi÷e mspmgicig`rà qum ma tr`esgursh bm bimz bî`s e`tur`ams ` p`rtir bm a` cmgj` bm su rmgmpgi÷e sie `ggmbmr `a ghetmeibh bma `gth hdfmth bm a` ehticig`gi÷e qum sm prmtmebm j`gmr b` aul`r ` metmebmr qum a` ehticig`gi÷e j` sibh rmgj`z`b` ghe ahs mcmgths prmvisths me ma `rtîguah 22 bm a` Amy 7?/0994, bm 43 bm ehvimndrm, s`avh qum, bm hcigih h ` iest`egi` bm a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b`, sm ghnprumdm a` inphsidiaib`b tégeig` h n`tmri`a bma `ggmsh. Me g`sh bm qum eh sm` phsidam mcmgtu`r ma `vish bm ehticig`gi÷e ` a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` c`giait`b` phr a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b`, sm j`rà birmgt`nmetm a` ehticig`gi÷e bma `gth `bnieistr`tivh ghrrmsphebimetm, bm `gumrbh ghe ah prmvisth me ma `rtîguah =9 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Wi a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` bmsm` rmgidir a` ehticig`gi÷e, phbrà `ggmbmr ` a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` iebig`b` me ma `vish bm ehticig`gi÷e, j`gimebh ush bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e `bnitibhs, bm `gumrbh ghe ma priegipih bm prhphrgihe`aib`b y vist` a` e`tur`amz` bma `gth hdfmth bm ehticig`gi÷e. Ma `ggmsh `a ghetmeibh bma bhgunmeth inpaig`, me gu`aquimr g`sh, a` `gmpt`gi÷e bm a` ehticig`gi÷e, simnprm y gu`ebh j`y` qumb`bh ghest`egi` bm mstm `ggmsh. Ma fusticig`etm mamgtr÷eigh bm a` rmgmpgi÷e h bma rmgj`zh bm a` ehticig`gi÷e, qum bmdmrà ghest`r me ma mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh, ghetmebrà ahs siluimetms b`ths6 `) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` pmrshe` bmstie`t`ri` bm a` ehticig`gi÷e. d) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bm a` pmrshe` pmrshe` qum j` rmgidibh a` ehticig`gi÷e. g) Ibmeticig`gi÷e bma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm y, me su g`sh, bma ÷rl`eh mnishr. b) @sueth. m) Eönmrh bm mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. c) Cmgj` y jhr` me qum sm prhbufh ma `vish bm a` ehticig`gi÷e. l) Birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` ` a` qum sm j`y` birilibh ma `vish bm a` ehticig`gi÷e. j) Cmgj` y jhr` me qum a` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` `ggmbi÷ `a `gth hdfmth bm ehticig`gi÷e h cmgj` cmgj` ` p`rtir bm a` gu`a sm metimebm rmgj`z`b` a` ehticig`gi÷e. i) Birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` ` tr`vés bm a` gu`a a` pmrshe` pmrshe` ietmrms`b` tuvh `ggmsh ` a` ehticig`gi÷e. f) Wistmn` bm ibmeticig`gi÷e utiaiz`bh p`r` rmgidir a` ehticig`gi÷e.
=<2
Rmn` 70
mbithri`a } gmp
A`s ehticig`gihems rm`aiz`b`s me bî`s iejàdiams, bm `gumrbh ghe ah mst`damgibh me ma `rtîguah 07.7 bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, sm metmebmràe mcmgtu`b`s ` prinmr` jhr` bma siluimetm bî` jàdia.
g. Mcmgths bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Ma `ggmsh `a ghetmeibh bma `gth hdfmth bm a` ehticig`gi÷e ` a` birmggi÷e mamgtr÷eig` inpaig` ma nhnmeth ` p`rtir bma gu`a a` ehticig`gi÷e sm metimebm mcmgtu`b` ` thbhs ahs mcmgths aml`ams. A` cmgj` y a` jhr` bm rmgmpgi÷e h rmgj`zh bm a` ehticig`gi÷e qum ghestme me ma ma ghrrmsphebimetm `gusm mamgtr÷eigh bm rmgidh bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mevi`bh phr ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh she vàaib`s p`r` ma g÷nputh bm pa`zhs, ghe ahs mcmgths qum me g`b` g`sh prmvm` a` ehrn` rmlua`bhr` bma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ghrrmsphebimetm.
C. Ghnueig`gihems ietmrhrlàeig`s m ietmr`bnieistr`tiv`s A`s ghnueig`gihems metrm ahs ÷rl`ehs, a`s ueib`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s y ahs metms pödaighs iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm sm rm`aiz`ràe, prmcmrmetmnmetm, phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, bm `gumrbh ghe a`s rmla`s y ahs gritmrihs mst`damgibhs me ma Bmgrmth y sie pmrfuigih bm a`s p`rtigua`rib`bms cuegihe`ams qum pumb`e bmriv`rsm bm mstm tiph bm ghnueig`gihems. @sinisnh, a`s ghnueig`gihems ghe htr`s `bnieistr`gihems h metms pödaighs eh iegauibhs me ma àndith bm `paig`gi÷e bma git`bh Bmgrmth phbràe rm`aiz`rsm phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs utiaiz`ebh mstàeb`rms y mspmgicig`gihems tégeig`nmetm `dimrt`s y t`ndiée, si prhgmbm, y bm n`emr` ghnpamnmet`ri`, mstàeb`rms qum sm`e bm ush lmemr`aiz`bh phr ahs giub`b`ehs, `a hdfmth bm l`r`etiz`r a` emutr`aib`b tmgeha÷lig`, a` `b`pt`diaib`b `a prhlrmsh bm a` tmgehahlî` y a` iebmpmebmegi` me a` mamggi÷e bm `atmre`tiv`s tmgeha÷lig`s p`r` ahs giub`b`ehs y a`s `bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=<=
Msqumn` 70
A@ @BNIEIWRT@GI×E MAMGRT×EIG@6 A@ @BNIEIWRT@GI×E MAMGRT×EIG@ ME A@ E]MS@ AMY BM _THGMBINIMERH; TMLIWRTHW MAMGRT×EIGHW Tmlistrhs mamgtr÷eighs bm `phbmr`nimeths A` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams bisphebràe bm ue rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh lmemr`a bm `phbmr`nimeths, me ma qum bmdmràe iesgridirsm, `a nmehs, ahs bm g`ràgtmr lmemr`a hthrl`bhs `pub `gt`, prmsmegi`a h mamgtr÷eig`nmetm, phr quime hstmetm a` ghebigi÷e bm ietmrms`bh me ue prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ` c`vhr bm rmprmsmet`etm, p`r` `gtu`r me su ehndrm `etm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. R`ndiée bmdmrà ghest`r ma d`st`etmh rm`aiz`bh bma phbmr. Me ma àndith mst`t`a, mstm rmlistrh smrà ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh bm @phbmr`nimethss bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh. @phbmr`nimeth
_aur`aib`b bm ietmrms`bhs Gu`ebh me ue` shaigitub, msgrith h ghnueig`gi÷e cilurme v`rihs ietmrms`bhs, a`s `gtu`gihems ` qum bme aul`r sm mcmgtu`ràe ghe ma rmprmsmet`etm h ma ietmrms`bh qum mxprms`nmetm j`y`e smð`a`bh, y, me su bmcmgth, ghe ma qum cilurm me prinmr térnieh.
Eumvhs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth Wi bur`etm a` iestruggi÷e bm ue prhgmbinimeth qum eh j`y` tmeibh pudaigib`b, sm `bvimrtm a` mxistmegi` bm pmrshe`s qum sm`e titua`rms bm bmrmgjhs h ietmrmsms amlîtinhs y birmgths guy` ibmeticig`gi÷e rmsuatm bma mxpmbimetm y qum pumb`e rmsuat`r `cmgt`bhs phr a` rmshaugi÷e qum sm bigtm, sm ghnueig`rà ` bigj`s pmrshe`s a` tr`nit`gi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth.
IBMERICIG@GI×E Y CITN@ BM AHW IERMTMW@BHW ME MA _THGMBINIMERH @BNIEIWRT@RISH Wistmn`s bm ibmeticig`gi÷e bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mstàe hdail`b`s ` vmricig`r a` ibmetib`b bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, nmbi`etm a` ghnprhd`gi÷e bm su ehndrm y `pmaaibhs h bmehnie`gi÷e h r`z÷e shgi`a, smlöe ghrrmspheb`, qum ghestme me ma Bhgunmeth E`gihe`a bm Ibmetib`b h bhgunmeth ibmeticig`tivh mquiv`ametm.
Wistmn`s bm cirn` `bnitibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s Ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe cirn`r ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr nmbih qum pmrnit` `grmbit`r a` `utmetigib`b bm a` mxprmsi÷e bm su vhauet`b y ghesmetinimeth, `sî ghnh a` ietmlrib`b m ie`atmr`diaib` ie`atmr`diaib`b b bma bhgunmeth.
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=<<
]sh bm nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e y cirn` me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh Ghe g`ràgtmr lmemr`a, p`r` rm`aiz`r gu`aquimr `gtu`gi÷e prmvist` me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh, `bnieistr`tivh, smrà sucigimetm ghe qum ahs ietmrms`bhs `grmbitme prmvi`nmetm su ibmetib`b ` tr`vés bm gu`aquimr` bm ahs nmbihs bm ibmeticig`gi÷e prmvisths me a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s.
@sistmegi` me ma ush bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs ietmrms`bhs A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bmdmràe l`r`etiz`r qum ahs ietmrms`bhs pumbme rma`gihe`rsm ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, p`r` ah qum phebràe ` su bisphsigi÷e ahs g`e`ams bm `ggmsh qum sm`e emgms`rihs `sî ghnh ahs sistmn`s y `paig`gihems qum me g`b` g`sh sm bmtmrnieme.
A` cirn` bm ahs ietmrms`bhs me ma prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ghechrnm ` a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Cirn` mamgtr÷eig`, y bhgunmeths cirn`bhs mamgtr÷eig`nmetm A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` ms ma ghefueth bm b`ths me chrn` mamgtr÷eig`, ghesile`bhs fueth ` htrhs h `shgi`bhs ghe maahs, qum pumbme smr utiaiz`bhs ghnh nmbih bm ibmeticig`gi÷e bma cirn`etm. A` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` ms a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` qum pmrnitm ibmeticig`r `a cirn`etm y bmtmgt`r gu`aquimr g`ndih uatmrihr bm ahs b`ths cirn`bhs, qum mstà viegua`b` `a cirn`etm bm n`emr` öeig` y ` ahs b`ths ` qum sm rmcimrm y qum j` sibh grm`b` phr nmbihs qum ma cirn`etm pumbm utiaiz`r, ghe ue `ath eivma bm gheci`ez`, d`fh su mxgausivh ghetrha. Wm ghesibmr` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` rmghehgib` a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` `v`ez`b` d`s`b` me ue gmrticig`bh rmghehgibh y lmemr`b` nmbi`etm ue bisphsitivh smlurh bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn`. Mnpamh bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ma àndith bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s. A` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm, bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` sm `paig`rà `a ush bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ma smeh bm a`s @bnieistr`gihem @bnieistr`gihemss pödaig`s, sus hrl`eisnhs pödaighs y a`s metib`bms bmpmebimetms h viegua`b`s ` a`s nisn`s y me a`s rma`gihems qum n`etmel`e `quéaa`s y ésths metrm sî h ghe ahs p`rtigua`rms. A`s @bnieistr`gihems pödaig`s, ghe ma hdfmth bm s`av`lu`rb`r a`s l`r`etî`s bm g`b` prhgmbinimeth, phbràe mst`damgmr ghebigihems `bigihe`ams ` a` utiaiz`gi÷e bm a` cirn` mamgtr÷eig` me ahs prhgmbinimeths. Bigj`s ghebigihems phbràe iegauir, metrm htr`s, a` inphsigi÷e bm cmgj`s mamgtr÷eig`s shdrm ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs ietmlr`bhs me ue mxpmbimetm `bnieistr`tivh. Wm metimebm phr cmgj` mamgtr÷eig` ma ghefueth bm b`ths me chrn` mamgtr÷eig` utiaiz`bhs ghnh nmbih p`r` ghest`t`r ma nhnmeth me qum sm j` mcmgtu`bh ue` `gtu`gi÷e shdrm htrhs b`ths mamgtr÷eighs ` ahs qum mstàe `shgi`bhs. Télinme bm prmst`gi÷e bm ahs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e. A` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e eh mstà sufmt` ` `uthriz`gi÷e prmvi` y sm rm`aiz`rà me rélinme bm aidrm ghnpmtmegi`. Eh phbràe mst`damgmrsm rmstriggihems p`r` ahs smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum prhgmb`e bm htrh Mst`bh nimndrh bma Msp`gih Mghe÷nigh Murhpmh. Gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs Ghegmpth bm gmrticig`bh mamgtr÷eigh y bm cirn`etm Gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm pmrshe`s furîbig`s Mxtiegi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs. Wuspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm ahs gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs Bisphsigihems ghnuems ` a` mxtiegi÷e y suspmesi÷e bm a` vilmegi` bm gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs
=<:
Rmn` 70
Gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Ghegmpth y ghetmeibh bm ahs gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Hdail`gihems prmvi`s ` a` mxpmbigi÷e bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Ghnprhd`gi÷e bm a` ibmetib`b y htr`s girguest`egi`s pmrshe`ams bm ahs shaigit`etms bm Mquiv`amegi` ietmre`gihe`a bm gmrticig`bhs rmghehgibhs Ma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh Tmquisiths y g`r`gtmrîstig`s bma bhgunmeth e`gihe`a bm ibmetib`b mamgtr÷eigh Bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` y sistmn`s bm gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e y bm bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Bisphsitivhs bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Bisphsitivhs bm vmricig`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e y bm bisphsitivhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Gmrticig`gi÷e bm prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e Gmrticig`gi÷e bm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Tmghehginimeth bm a` ghechrnib`b ghe a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam ` ahs prhbugths bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig` Wupmrvisi÷e y ghetrha Ma Nieistmrih bm Gimegi` y Rmgehahlî` ghetrha`rà ma gunpainimeth phr ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e qum mxpib`e `a pödaigh gmrticig`bhs mamgtr÷eighs bm a`s hdail`gihems mst`damgib`s me a` Amy =9/4??7, bm 09 bm bigimndrm y me sus bisphsigihems bm bms`rrhaah. @sinisnh, supmrvis`rà ma cuegihe`nimeth bma sistmn` y bm ahs hrl`eisnhs bm gmrticig`gi÷e bm bisphsitivhs smlurhs bm grm`gi÷e bm cirn` mamgtr÷eig`. Ma Nieistmrih bm Gimegi` y Rmgehahlî` rm`aiz`rà a`s `gtu`gihems iespmgthr`s qum sm`e prmgis`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm su cuegi÷e bm ghetrha. Bmdmr bm iechrn`gi÷e y gha`dhr`gi÷e Ahs prmst`bhrms bm smrvigihs bm gmrticig`gi÷e, a` metib`b iebmpmebimetm bm `grmbit`gi÷e y ahs hrl`eisnhs bm gmrticig`gi÷e timeme a` hdail`gi÷e bm c`giait`r `a Nieistmrih bm Gimegi` y Rmgehahlî` thb` a` iechrn`gi÷e y gha`dhr`gi÷e prmgis`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus cuegihems. Me p`rtigua`r, bmdmràe pmrnitir ` sus `lmetms h `a pmrshe`a iespmgthr ma `ggmsh ` sus iest`a`gihems y a` ghesuat` bm gu`aquimr bhgunmet`gi÷e rmamv`etm rmamv`etm p`r` a` iespmggi÷e bm qum sm tr`tm. Me sus iespmggihems phbràe ir `ghnp`ð`bhs bm mxpmrths h pmriths me a`s n`tmri`s shdrm a`s qum vmrsme `quéaa`s.
@GGMWH MAMGRT×EIGH BM AHW GI]B@B@EHW G I]B@B@EHW @ AHW WMTSIGIHW; A@ _THDAMNÀRIG@ BM A@ @BNIEIWRT@GI×E MAMGRT×EIG@ Y BM W] IN_A@ER@GI×E Ehrn`s lmemr`ams bm `gtu`gi÷e Bmrmgjh y hdail`gi÷e bm rma`gihe`rsm mamgtr÷eig`nmetm ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s A`s pmrshe`s cîsig`s phbràe mamlir me thbh nhnmeth si sm ghnueig`e ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus bmrmgjhs y hdail`gihems ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs h eh,
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
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s`avh qum mstée hdail`b`s ` rma`gihe`rsm ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. Ma nmbih mamlibh phr a` pmrshe` p`r` ghnueig`rsm ghe a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s phbrà smr nhbicig`bh phr `qumaa` me gu`aquimr nhnmeth. Amelu` bm ahs prhgmbinimeths A` amelu` bm ahs prhgmbinimeths tr`nit`bhs phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh smrà ma g`stmaa`eh. Eh hdst`etm ah `etmrihr, ahs ietmrms`bhs qum sm birif`e ` ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh ghe smbm me ma tmrrithrih bm ue` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` phbràe utiaiz`r t`ndiée a` amelu` qum sm` ghhcigi`a me maa`. Tmlistrhs G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e bisphebrà bm ue Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a, me ma qum sm j`rà ma ghrrmsphebimetm `simeth bm thbh bhgunmeth qum sm` prmsmet`bh h qum sm rmgid` me gu`aquimr ÷rl`eh `bnieistr`tivh, Hrl`eisnh pödaigh h Metib`b viegua`bh h bmpmebimetm ` ésths. R`ndiée sm phbràe `eht`r me ma nisnh, a` s`aib` bm ahs bhgunmeths hcigi`ams birilibhs ` htrhs ÷rl`ehs h p`rtigua`rms. Ahs Hrl`eisnhs pödaighs viegua`bhs h bmpmebimetms bm g`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e phbràe bisphemr bm su prhpih rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh pame`nmetm ietmrhpmr`dam m ietmrghemgt`bh ghe ma Tmlistrh Mamgtr÷eigh Lmemr`a bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` qum bmpmebm. @rgjivh bm bhgunmeths G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e bmdmrà n`etmemr ue `rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh öeigh bm ahs bhgunmeths mamgtr÷eighs qum ghrrmspheb`e ` prhgmbinimeths cie`aiz`bhs, me ahs térniehs mst`damgibhs me a` ehrn`tiv` rmlua`bhr` `paig`dam. Gha`dhr`gi÷e bm a`s pmrshe`s A`s pmrshe`s gha`dhr`ràe ghe a` @bnieistr`gi÷e me ahs térniehs prmvisths me a` Amy qum me g`b` g`sh rmsuatm `paig`dam, y ` c`at` bm prmvisi÷e mxprms`, c`giait`ràe ` a` @bnieistr`gi÷e ahs iechrnms, iespmggihems y htrhs `gths bm ievmstil`gi÷e qum rmquimr`e p`r` ma mfmrgigih bm sus ghnpmtmegi`s, s`avh qum a` rmvma`gi÷e bm a` iechrn`gi÷e shaigit`b` phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e `tmet`r` ghetr` ma jhehr, a` ietinib`b pmrshe`a h c`niai`r h supusimr`e a` ghnueig`gi÷e bm b`ths ghecibmegi`ams bm tmrgmrhs bm ahs qum tmel`e ghehginimeth phr a` prmst`gi÷e bm smrvigihs prhcmsihe`ams bm bi`le÷stigh, `smshr`nimeth h bmcmes`, sie pmrfuigih bm ah bispumsth me a` amlisa`gi÷e me n`tmri` bm da`equmh bm g`pit`ams y cie`egi`gi÷e bm `gtivib`bms tmrrhrist`s. Ghnp`rmgmegi` bm a`s pmrshe`s A` ghnp`rmgmegi` bm a`s pmrshe`s `etm a`s hcigie`s pödaig`s, y` sm` prmsmegi`anmetm h phr nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, s÷ah smrà hdail`thri` gu`ebh `sî msté prmvisth me ue` ehrn` ghe r`elh bm amy. Tmsphes`diaib`b bm a` tr`nit`gi÷e Ahs titua`rms bm a`s ueib`bms `bnieistr`tiv`s y ma pmrshe`a `a smrvigih bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s qum tuvimsme ` su g`rlh a` rmshaugi÷e h ma bmsp`gjh bm ahs `sueths, smràe rmsphes`dams birmgths bm su tr`nit`gi÷e y `bhpt`ràe a`s nmbib`s hphrtue`s p`r` rmnhvmr ahs hdstàguahs qum inpib`e, biciguatme h rmtr`sme ma mfmrgigih pameh bm ahs bmrmgjhs bm ahs ietmrms`bhs h ma rmspmth ` sus ietmrmsms amlîtinhs, bispheimebh ah emgms`rih p`r` mvit`r y mainie`r thb` `ehrn`aib`b me a` tr`nit`gi÷e bm prhgmbinimeths. Hdail`gi÷e bm rmshavmr A` @bnieistr`gi÷e mstà hdail`b` ` bigt`r rmshaugi÷e mxprms` y ` ehticig`ra` me thbhs ahs prhgmbinimeths gu`aquimr` qum sm` su chrn` bm ieigi`gi÷e. Wuspmesi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh p`r` rmshavmr @npai`gi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh p`r` rmshavmr y ehticig`r
=:?
Rmn` 70
Mxgmpgihe`anmetm, gu`ebh sm j`y`e `lht`bh ahs nmbihs pmrshe`ams y n`tmri`ams bispheidams ` ahs Mxgmpgihe`anmetm, qum sm rmcimrm ma `p`rt`bh = bma `rtîguah 40 bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s, ma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, ` prhpumst`, me su g`sh, bma ÷rl`eh iestrugthr h ma supmrihr fmràrquigh bma ÷rl`eh ghnpmtmetm p`r` rmshavmr, phbrà `ghrb`r bm n`emr` nhtiv`b` a` `npai`gi÷e bma pa`zh nàxinh bm rmshaugi÷e y ehticig`gi÷e, eh pubimebh smr mstm supmrihr `a mst`damgibh p`r` a` tr`nit`gi÷e bma prhgmbinimeth. Wiamegih `bnieistr`tivh me prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bma ietmrms`bh Me ahs prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs ` shaigitub bma ietmrms`bh, sie pmrfuigih bm a` rmshaugi÷e qum a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bmdm bigt`r me a` chrn` prmvist` smluib`nmetm, ma vmeginimeth bma pa`zh nàxinh sie j`dmrsm ehticig`bh rmshaugi÷e mxprms`, amlitin` `a ietmrms`bh h ietmrms`bhs p`r` metmebmra` mstin`b` phr siamegih `bnieistr`tivh, mxgmpth me ahs supumsths me ahs qum ue` ehrn` ghe r`elh bm amy h ue` ehrn` bm Bmrmgjh bm a` ]ei÷e Murhpm` h bm Bmrmgjh ietmre`gihe`a `paig`dam me Msp`ð` mst`damzg`e ah ghetr`rih. Gu`ebh ma prhgmbinimeth tmel` phr hdfmth ma `ggmsh ` `gtivib`bms h su mfmrgigih, a` amy qum bisphel` ma g`ràgtmr bmsmstin`thrih bma siamegih bmdmrà cueb`rsm me a` ghegurrmegi` bm r`zhems inpmrihs`s bm ietmrés lmemr`a. C`at` bm rmshaugi÷e mxprms` me prhgmbinimeths ieigi`bhs bm hcigih Mnisi÷e bm bhgunmeths phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s Wm metimebm phr bhgunmeths pödaighs `bnieistr`tivhs ahs vàaib`nmetm mnitibhs phr ahs ÷rl`ehs bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s. A`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s mnitiràe ahs bhgunmeths `bnieistr`tivhs phr msgrith, ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, ` nmehs qum su e`tur`amz` mxif` htr` chrn` nàs `bmgu`b` bm mxprmsi÷e y ghest`egi`. S`aibmz y mcig`gi` bm a`s ghpi`s rm`aiz`b`s phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s G`b` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` bmtmrnie`rà ahs ÷rl`ehs qum tmel`e `triduib`s a`s ghnpmtmegi`s bm mxpmbigi÷e bm ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm ahs bhgunmeths pödaighs `bnieistr`tivh `bnieistr`tivhss h priv`bhs. A`s ghpi`s `utéetig`s bm bhgunmeths priv`bhs surtme öeig`nmetm mcmgths `bnieistr`tivhs. A`s ghpi`s `utéetig`s rm`aiz`b`s phr ue` @bnieistr`gi÷e _ödaig` tmebràe v`aibmz me a`s rmst`etms @bnieistr`gihems. Bhgunmeths `phrt`bhs phr ahs ietmrms`bhs `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh `bnieistr`tivh Ahs ietmrms`bhs bmdmràe `phrt`r `a prhgmbinimeth `bnieistr`tivh ahs b`ths y bhgunmeths mxilibhs phr a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s bm `gumrbh ghe ah bispumsth me a` ehrn`tiv` `paig`dam. `paig`dam. @sinisnh, ahs ietmrms`bhs phbràe `phrt`r gu`aquimr htrh bhgunmeth qum mstinme ghevmeimetm. Ahs ietmrms`bhs eh mst`ràe hdail`bhs ` `phrt`r bhgunmeths qum j`y`e sibh ma`dhr`bhs phr gu`aquimr @bnieistr`gi÷e, ghe iebmpmebmegi` bm qum a` prmsmet`gi÷e bm ahs git`bhs bhgunmeths tmel` g`ràgtmr prmgmptivh h c`guat`tivh me ma prhgmbinimeth bm qum sm tr`tm, simnprm qum ma ietmrms`bh j`y` mxprms`bh su ghesmetinimeth ` qum sm`e ghesuat`bhs h rmg`d`bhs bigjhs bhgunmeths. Wm prmsunirà qum a` ghesuat` u hdtmegi÷e ms `uthriz`b` phr ahs ietmrms`bhs s`avh qum ghestm me ma prhgmbinimeth su hphsigi÷e mxprms` h a` amy mspmgi`a `paig`dam rmquimr` ghesmetinimeth mxprmsh.
Bisphsigihems `bigihe`ams bm a` Amy 79/4?0=, bm 0 bm hgtudrm, bma _rhgmbinimeth @bnieistr`tivh Ghnöe bm a`s @bnieistr`gihems _ödaig`s shdrm `rgjivhs y rmlistrhs @bjmsi÷e bm a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y Metib`bms Ahg`ams ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s y rmlistrhs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh _`r` gunpair ghe ah prmvisth me n`tmri` bm rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm `phbmr`nimeths, rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh, `rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh öeigh, pa`t`chrn` bm ietmrnmbi`gi÷e bm b`ths y pueth bm `ggmsh lmemr`a mamgtr÷eigh bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e, a`s Ghnueib`bms @ut÷ehn`s y a`s Metib`bms Ahg`ams phbràe
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=:0
`bjmrirsm vhauet`ri`nmetm y ` tr`vés bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs ` a`s pa`t`chrn`s y rmlistrhs mst`damgibhs `a mcmgth phr a` @bnieistr`gi÷e Lmemr`a Lmemr`a bma Mst`bh. Wu eh `bjmsi÷e, bmdmrà fusticig`rsm me térniehs bm mcigimegi` ghechrnm `a `rtîguah < bm a` Amy Hrlàeig` 4/4?04, bm 4< bm `dria, bm Mst`diaib`b _rmsupumst`ri` y Whstmeidiaib`b Cie`egimr`. Hcigie`s bm `sistmegi` me n`tmri` bm rmlistrhs @bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs, iechrnàtighs y tmamnàtighs Wistmn` bm rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh Mxpmbimetm mamgtr÷eigh @rgjivh mamgtr÷eigh ]tiaiz`gi÷e bm nmbihs mamgtr÷eighs phr ÷rl`ehs ghamli`bhs Rr`esnisi÷e bm b`ths, ietmrhpmr`diaib`b, ghhpmr`gi÷e y gha`dhr`gi÷e `bnieistr`tiv`
Ma `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs ghechrnm `a Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm, bm `ggmsh mamgtr÷eigh ` ahs smrvigihs pödaighs bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs Bisphsigihems lmemr`ams bma Bmgrmth 007/4?0? bm = bm ehvimndrm Hdfmth Àndith bm `paig`gi÷e Wmbm mamgtr÷eig` Wmbm mamgtr÷eig` bm a` @bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs. Ehrn`s lmemr`ams Ghetmeibh Ghnpmtmegi`s shdrm `bnieistr`gi÷e, lmsti÷e y ghhrbie`gi÷e bm a` smbm mamgtr÷eig` Ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` Ghnueib`b @ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs E`tur`amz`, cie`aib`bms y rélinme furîbigh bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh Ghhrbie`gi÷e y lmsti÷e bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh Cuegihems L`r`etî`s tégeig`s bma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh y prhtmggi÷e bm b`ths _rmsmet`gi÷e bm msgriths, shaigitubms y ghnueig`gihems me ma rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh bm a` `bnieistr`gi÷e bm a` ghnueib`b `ut÷ehn` bm a`s Iaams D`am`rs Ma `ggmsh bm ahs giub`b`ehs `a rmlistrh mamgtr÷eigh _rmsmet`gi÷e bm shaigitubms, msgriths y ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s G÷nputh bm pa`zhs Fusticig`etm mamgtr÷eigh bm rmgmpgi÷e Tmquisiths lmemr`ams bm `utmetigib`b, ibmeticig`gi÷e y smlurib`b bm ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms y a`s ghnueig`gihems mamgtr÷eig`s _rmsmet`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` bm bhgunmet`gi÷e ghnpamnmet`ri` bm ahs msgriths, a`s shaigitubms h a`s ghnueig`gihems
=:4
Rmn` 70
A` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Tmquisiths lmemr`ams bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` _ràgtig` bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Mcmgths bm a` ehticig`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig` Ghnueig`gihems ietmrhrlàeig`s m ietmr`bnieistr`tiv` ietmr`bnieistr`tiv`ss
A` `bnieistr`gi÷e mamgtr÷eig`
=:7
