Análisis de la Estrategia de Campaña Presidencial de Juan Manuel Santos, desde mayo de. 2009 hasta junio de 2010

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Puipiudgifô difidgngjf{i ldjudl kj blt kghjujf{jt lunlt |zj tj pzjkjf ztlu kzulf{j bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb {lbjt dini? jb kgfjui w bit njkgit kj gfhiunldgôf& Kj gczlb hiunl blt jt{ul{jcglt pibî{gdlt" jtpjdglbnjf{j bl tgnzbldgôf& 

¹\zç jt bl kjniduldgl9 Cgixlffg Tlu{iug& Jkg{iuglb [lzuzt" 5003&

Kj jt{j bgeui tj j}{uloi bit hld{iujt |zj gfhbzwjf jf bit jbjd{iujt plul diftibgklu blt pujhjujfdglt pibî{gdlt w jb plpjb kj bl ipgfgôf pÿebgdl jf bl hiunldgôf kj blt pujhjujfdglt kj bit jbjd{iujt& 

Jb Puîfdgpj kj Fgdibìt Nl|zglxjbi& Jkgdgifjt zfgxjutlbjt Eici{ì" 500;"

Jb Lu{j kj bl Czjuul kj Tzf [z& Jkg{iuglb Niftjuul{j" 50<0 w Kj bl Czjuul kj Alub Xif Dblztjsg{& Jf jt{it dbìtgdit tj j}pbiul bit difdjp{it kj bit lz{iujt ldjudl kjb lu{j kj bl czjuul w nì}gnlt tieuj jt{l" plul ujbldgiflublt dif bl pblfjldgôf jt{ul{çcgdl w jb jojudgdgi kj bl dinpj{jfdgl kzulf{j blt dif{gjfklt jbjd{iulbjt& 

Nluaj{gfc Pibî{gdi w Dinzfgdldgôf kj Pmgbgppj O& Nlluja& Jkg{iuglb

Plgkit" 5007& Jt{j bgeui eugfkô bl nlwiu plu{j kjb dinpifjf{j {jôugdi tieuj nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi& Pugfdgplbjt j{lplt kj bl jt{ul{jcgl" hzfklnjf{it kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl w tzt dinpifjf{jt& Hzj pgjl dblxj w hzfklnjf{lb piu|zj l bl bz kj tzt difdjp{it tj gf{jupuj{ô jb dlti& 

Njniuglt kj bl dzneuj nzfkglb kj dinzfgdldgôf pibî{gdl jf Ezjfit

Lgujt" Lucjf{gfl" bgeui jkg{lki piu Klfgjb Gxitazt" 50<0& Jt{lt njniuglt pujtjf{lf bit hzfklnjf{it plul blt dlnplült j}g{itlt& Jt{j lz{iu ujdlbdl |zj ‒Bl jt{ul{jcgl jt{ul{jcgl jt jb hld{iu

gfkgxgkzlb nìt gnpiu{lf{j jf zfl

dlnplül jbjd{iulb" tibîl kjdgu jb nljt{ui kjb nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi" Oitjpm Flpibg{lf |zgjf {lnegçf ltjczulel |zj zfl jt{ul{jcgl diuujd{l" pzjkj tieujxgxgu l zfl dlnplül njkgiduj" pjui zfl dlnplül eugbblf{j pzjkj pzjk j hlbblu tg bl jt{ul{jcgl jt juuôfjl„ 

Jb Lu{j kj Clflu kj Olgnj Kzulf Eluel w Tlf{glci Fgj{i& Jkg{iuglb

kjel{j"50<0 Puipiudgifô bl kjhgfgdgôf kj jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb plul zf diftzb{iu pibî{gdi w bl kjhgfgdgôf kj dlfkgkl{i& 8



Eujxglugi kj dlnplül jbjd{iulb kj \zgf{i [zbgi Dgdjuôf&

Jt{j dbìtgdi ujhbjol bi |zj julf blt dif{gjfklt jbjd{iulbjt mldj 50 tgcbit" tzoj{lt l ‒{ikl dbltj kj ujdzutit plul clflu jb xi{i kj bit jbjd{iujt„& Bi dzlb pjung{j

mldju zfl dinpluldgôf jf{uj bi |zj tj mldîl mldj ngbbifjt kj lüit w bi |zj tj mldj jf bl ld{zlbgklk& 

Dini cug{lu plul |zj xi{jf piu nî kj Cjunìf Njkgfl Iblu{j& Jkg{iuglb

ixjol fjcul" 5003& Jt{j bgeui {lnegçf hzj pgjl hzfklnjf{lb jf bl gfxjt{gcldgôf wl |zj lpiu{i bl kjhgfgdgôf kj xlugit difdjp{it ujd{iujt plul bl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb" ujtlb{lfki bl gnpiu{lfdgl jf jb nlfjoi kjb {gjnpi" bl {inl kj kjdgtgifjt ipiu{zflt w blt lddgifjt |zj tj kjejf jnpujfkju jb kîl kj bl jbjddgôf plul biculu bl difdujdgôf kjb xi{i& 

Jb Lu{j kj bl Czjuul Jbjd{iulb kj Oitç Lkibhi Gegfluuglcl w Uieju{i

[ulk Mltezf& Jkg{iuglb Dlnpzt bgeugt" 5007& Tj bicuô j}{ulju bl pjutpjd{gxl |zj {gjfjf kit diftzb{iujt pibî{gdit tieuj jb kjtluuibbi kj blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt jf bl ld{zlbgklk {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l jb dinpifjf{j ngbg{lu w bi |zj jbbit kjfingflf ‒jb lu{j kj bl czjuul jbjd{iulb„ 

Jt{ul{jcgl pibî{gdl kjtkj jb kgtjüi ipjul{gxi& Ozbgi Bgciuugl D& Jkg{iuglb

gfkzt{uglt cuìhgdlt lbezbjftjt" 5005& Jt{j bgeui eugfkô difdjp{it dblxjt tieuj jb kgtjüi jt{ul{çcgdi w dini tj pblfghgdlf blt dlnplült pibî{gdlt& Bl eÿt|zjkl kj bit ujdzutit egebgicuìhgdit hzj ugczuitl gf{jf{lfki jfdif{ulu l|zjbbit bgeuit |zj lpiu{lulf lb kjtluuibbi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf w l zf nlwiu lfìbgtgt& Piu i{ui blki w {lnegçf kj culf xlbiu plul jt{j jt{zkgi kj dlti" tj pujtjf{lf blt hzjf{jt fi egebgicuìhgdlt |zj jt{ìf ujbldgiflklt dif jb ieoj{i kj jt{zkgi& Tj gfgdgl dif bit difxjutl{iugit lb jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül" Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf" kj jt{l nlfjul tj puj{jfkgô ie{jfju bl nlwiu gfhiunldgôf pitgebj tieuj bi |zj idzuugô lb gf{jugiu kj bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& Jf {i{lb hzjuif 8 difxjutl{iugit" kj bit dzlbjt tj ie{zxi bl gfhiunldgôf cjfjulb w eìtgdl |zj tj ztô plul dift{uzgu bl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb& Kjf{ui kj bl gfhiunldgôf tj jfdzjf{ul? 3

.

Jb lfìbgtgt kj blt kit dlnplült |zj tj jt{lelf kgtpz{lfki bl xgd{iugl" jt

kjdgu" bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it w bl kjb dlfkgkl{i Nidazt plul jb njt kj leugb kj 50<0& .

Blt lddgifjt |zj tj kjejuîlf jnpujfkju plul clflu bl jbjddgôf

.

Bit {jnlt l {ul{lu kzulf{j jb ujt{i kj bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb

.

Bl iuclfgldgôf kjb j|zgpi kj {uleloi kjtkj leugb mlt{l jb hgflb kj bl

.

Blt cuìhgdlt |zj nit{ulelf bl gf{jfdgôf kj xi{i piu jb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it

jbjddgôf w jb dlfkgkl{i Nidazt .

Bit = hld{iujt |zj Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf diftgkjul jtjfdglbjt jf {ikl

jbjddgôf w |zj kjejf tju {jfgkit jf dzjf{l kjf{ui kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl cjfjulb& .

Nl{juglb Pzebgdg{lugi kj bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" dini lbczfit

dinjudglbjt kj {jbjxgtgôf w lbczflt hi{it" |zj nit{ulelf bl tjcnjf{ldgôf kjb njftloj&- xju lfj}i 4' I{ul hzjf{j fi egebgicuìhgdl w kj culf lpiu{j lb difidgngjf{i {gjfj |zj xju dif bl plu{gdgpldgôf jf tjngflugit w difcujtit tieuj Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb" jf Nç}gdi" Jdzlkiu w Dibinegl& Lbbî tj bicuô jf{jfkju bl kgfìngdl kj blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt" w bit hld{iujt nìt gnpiu{lf{jt kjf{ui kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb& Bl Bl gnpiu{lfdgl kj dinpujfkju jb ninjf{i diwzf{zulb w ÿfgdi" jf |zj tj xgxj dlkl dlnplül w dini çt{j fi jt lpbgdlebj l i{ult dlnplült" pzjt dlkl zfl tj kjtluuibbl {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l zfl gfxjt{gcldgôf puihzfkl kjb bzclu kifkj idzuuj w jb ninjf{i kj{jungflki& Tgf jneluci" mlw zfit hld{iujt |zj tif dinzfjt l {iklt blt dlnplült kjf{ui kj bit ujcînjfjt kjniduì{gdit" |zj tgjnpuj xlf l jt{lu pujtjf{jt w |zj jt gnpiu{lf{j w fjdjtlugi {jfjubit jf dzjf{l plul biculu zfl dift{uzddgôf gf{jculb kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb& Tznlki l jt{it lpujfkglojt tj bbjxô l dlei zf tjczgngjf{i l bit njkgit kj dgudzbldgôf nltgxl nìt gnpiu{lf{jt" jtdicgjfki jb [gjnpi w jb Jtpjd{lkiu" pzebgdlkit jf jb pjugiki nlwi 5007 njt jf jb dzlb jb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" ujfzfdgô lb ngfgt{jugi kj kjhjftl" plul klu dznpbgngjf{i l bi jt{lebjdgki piu jb uçcgnjf kj gfmlegbgklkjt j gfdinpl{gegbgklkjt" bjw 34; kj 5&005" gczlbnjf{j lb pjugiki =

dinpujfkgki jf{uj hjeujui kj 50<0 mlt{l ozfgi 50 kj 50<0" njt jf jb dzlb tj bbjxl l dlei bl tjczfkl xzjb{l pujtgkjfdglb& Tj j}pbiuluif blt fi{gdglt |zj tj pzebgdluif tieuj bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" plul xju jf |zç kgujddgôf tj jt{lelf nixgjfki bit njkgit kzulf{j bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb" w ltî pikju lflbglu bi |zj idzuugô kjtkj i{ul pjutpjd{gxl& Piu ÿb{gni tj pblfjluif {ujt jf{ujxgt{lt? zfl kgugcgkl lb Dlfkgkl{i pujtgkjfdglb" i{ul lb jt{ujcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül w bl ÿb{gnl lb ojhj kj ltzf{it pibî{gdit kj bl dlnplül& Jt{lt jf{ujxgt{lt hzjuif jt{uzd{zulklt kj {lb hiunl" |zj blt ujtpzjt{lt luuiolulf gfhiunldgôf nìt kj{lbblkl kj bl dlnplül w kj bl jt{ul{jcgl& Bl jf{ujxgt{l lb dlfkgkl{i pujtgkjfdglb dif{gjfj blt tgczgjf{jt pujczf{lt? <&

Jf |zç ninjf{i kj tz xgkl tgjf{j jb kjtji kj tju Pujtgkjf{j kj bl

Ujpÿebgdl9 5&

\zgjf hzj tz jojnpbi l tjczgu jf jb jojudgdgi kjb pikju9 Piu |zç9

4&

Dzlfki ujfzfdgl lb Ngfgt{jugi kj Kjhjftl" |zj mldj plul pujplulutj

plul bi |zj xgjfj9 ;&

L |zgjf ldzkj plul |zj bi ltjtiuj jf zf pugnju ninjf{i9

:&

Jf tzt plbleult dini kjtdugej bl Jt{ul{jcgl |zj bi bbjxi l bl xgd{iugl9

Bl jf{ujxgt{l lb jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül? <&

Kj |zç nlfjul gfhbzwjf bit dbìtgdit kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl ngbg{lu jf tz uib

dini diftzb{iu pibî{gdi9 5&

Dzìb dujj |zj jt bl mjuulngjf{l nìt pikjuitl kjf{ui kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl

jbjd{iulb9 4&

Dzlfki bbjcô l bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" jf |zj {juujfi tj

jt{lel bgeulfki bl el{lbbl w l dzlb dlnegi jf jb ninjf{i kj tz bbjclkl9 ;&

Dzìbjt tif bit hld{iujt |zj mldjf kghjujf{j bl dlnplül kj Ozlf

Nlfzjb Tlf{it l bl kj bit i{uit : dlfkgkl{it |zj tj pujtjf{luif jf bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb9 :&

Dini pblfghgdluif i dift{uzwjuif bl Jt{ul{jcgl kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it

l bl Pujtgkjfdgl9 7

8&

Dujj |zj bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it ml kjolki zf pujdjkjf{j

jf bl hiunl dini tj kjtluuibblf blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt jf Dibinegl9 3&

Dzìbjt hzjuif bit ldgju{it w kjtldgju{it kj bl Dlnplül kj Ozlf

Nlfzjb Tlf{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl9 =&

Hgflbnjf{j" kjtkj tz pjutpjd{gxl dzlbjt jt bl kghjujfdgl jf{uj

nlfgpzbldgôf kjb jbjd{iulki w pjutzltgôf kjb jbjd{iulki9 Bl jf{ujxgt{l lb ojhj kj ltzf{it pibî{gdit kj bl dlnplül -Xju lfj}i ;'? <&

Jf |zç ninjf{i jnpgjl bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it l bl

Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl9 5&

\zj plpjb kjtjnpjüi kzulf{j bl dlnplül kjb ld{zlb Pujtgkjf{j" {zxi

xluglt hzfdgifjt9 4&

Dzlfki jnpgjl bl dlnplül" |zgçf pblf{jô bl Jt{ul{jcgl l tjczgu"

jt{lel jtdug{l9 ;&

Jf |zç ninjf{i tj klf dzjf{l kj |zj bl Jt{ul{jcgl fi jt{lel tgjfki

jhjd{gxl9 :&

\zgjf {inl jb bgkjulci jf jtj ninjf{i" plul diuujcgu blt lddgifjt w

jnpujfkju zf fzjxi dlngfi9 8&

Eujxjnjf{j dzlb hzj bl Jt{ul{jcgl |zj bit bbjxi l bl xgd{iugl9

3&

Dzìbjt hzjuif bit ldgju{it w kjtldgju{it |zj tj dinj{gjuif kzulf{j bl

dlnplül9 =&

Dzìbjt hzjuif bit {jnlt nìt gnpiu{lf{jt kzulf{j bl dlnplül9 kj

kifkj tlbgô jb {jnl kj bl puitpjugklk kjniduì{gdl9

<&5 IUCLFG_LDGÔF W MJUULNGJF[LT KJ LFÌBGTGT Bl iuclfgldgôf kj bl gfhiunldgôf pjung{j bl gf{juujbldgôf kj bit difdjp{it plul gf{jupuj{lu w lflbglu kjtkj tzt kghjujf{jt hzjf{jt& Bl gfhiunldgôf {jôugdl tj iuclfgô" dift{uzwjfki zf nludi difdjp{zlb |zj cguô jf {iufi l kit difdjp{it hzfklnjf{lbjt? Dlnplül jbjd{iulb w Jt{ul{jcgl <0

jbjd{iulb" kj jt{j ÿb{gni tj jfhl{gl jf tzt dinpifjf{jt w tj kjhgfjf dlkl zfi kj jbbit& Bl gfhiunldgôf fi egebgicuìhgdl" dini jf{ujxgt{lt" hiunldgôf jf tjngflugit" difxjutl{iugit" tjczgngjf{i l njkgit kj dinzfgdldgôf tj iuclfgl w diftibgkl {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l bit {ujt ieoj{gxit jtpjdîhgdit |zj tj pblf{jluif lb dingjfi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf& W tj lkozf{lulf l bit lfj}it kjb {uleloi gfxjt{gcl{gxi& Blt hzjf{jt kj gfhiunldgôf kluìf ujtpzjt{l l bit ieoj{gxit jtpjdîhgdit kj bl tgczgjf{j nlfjul? kjtluuibbi kj bl Jb pugnju ieoj{gxi jtpjdîhgdi mldj ujhjujfdgl l?  Kjtdugegu jb kjtluuibbi  Jt{ul{jcgl  Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" kjtkj nlwi kj 5007 mlt{l ozfgi kj 50<0& Tj {jfkuì jf dzjf{l bl j}pjugjfdgl lk|zgugkl jf bit kghjujf{jt

tjngflugit" kifkj tj j}pzti dzìb mleîl tgki bl Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" {lnegçf tj mluì zti kjb tjczgngjf{i |zj tj mgi l bit njkgit kzulf{j bl dlnplül plul dinpbjnjf{lu bl kjtdugpdgôf w kifkj tjl pju{gfjf{j tj xl tipiu{lfki dif lbczfit difdjp{it dblxjt kjb nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi w kj bl dgjfdgl pibî{gdl" j}{ulîkit kj blt hzjf{jt egebgicuìhgdlt diftzb{lklt& Plul dif{gfzlu dif bl pujtjf{ldgôf kj bit ujtzb{lkit tj kluì ujtpzjt{l lb  Gkjf{ghgdlu bit jbjnjf{it jbjnjf{it dift{g{z{gxit dift{g{z{gxit kj bl tjczfki ieoj{gxi jtpjdîhgdi |zj jt?  Gkjf{ghgdlu  Jt{ul{jcgl  Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& Kjf{ui kj jt{j ltpjd{i

bl gfhiunldgôf gfkgdlkl hzj bl tzngfgt{ulkl l {ulxçt kj difxjutl{iugit dif jb jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül" Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf" |zgjf |zgjf puipiudgifô

bit jbjnjf{it

dift{g{z{gxit kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl njkglf{j zf kglculnl -Xju lfj}i4'" |zj j}pbgdl cuìhgdlnjf{j" dini kgdmit jbjnjf{it tif diiukgflkit piu njkgi kj zf ding{ç jt{ul{çcgdi& Bi lf{jugiu tj dinpbjnjf{l dif bi |zj jtdugej Pmgbgppj Nlluja tieuj Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül" w kj jt{l nlfjul tj xjuì ujhbjolki dini bl {jiuîl w bl puìd{gdl tj gf{juujbldgiflf dif jb {jnl& W hgflbnjf{j" plul klu ujtpzjt{l lb {judju ieoj{gxi jtpjdîhgdi |zj jt? Lflbglu bit dinpifjf{jt jtjfdglbjt kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& Tj mluì zti kj bit = hld{iujt jtjfdglbjt kj bit |zj mlebl jb jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül" lflbglfki zfi piu zfi w kjtpzçt jxgkjfdglfki dini {ikit <<

 ozf{it" pzjkjf tju jb j|zgbgeugi plul dift{uzgu zfl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb xjfdjkiul& xjfdjkiul& Jf jt{j pzf{i tj pujtjf{luì zfl {lebl |zj jxgkjfdgl dini tj dznpbj jt{it hld{iujt lb gf{jugiu kj bl dlnplül kj Tlf{it w kj bl dlnplül kj Nidazt& Jt jt{l bl nj{ikibicîl |zj tj z{gbgluì jf bl ujdibjddgôf" iuclfgldgôf w mjuulngjf{lt kj lfìbgtgt kj bl gfhiunldgôf" eztdlfki ie{jfju ujtzb{lkit difhglebjt plul kj{jungflu bl Jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& Piu tju zf jt{zkgi kj dlti" bl gfhiunldgôf kj çt{j pujxlbjdj tieuj blt eltjt {jôugdlt pjui tgf kjtdifidju bl dblugklk difdjp{zlb |zj tipiu{l {iki jb kjtluuibbi kjb dlti jtdicgki plul bl pujtjf{j gfxjt{gcldgôf&

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5& LFÌBGTGT KJ UJTZB[LKIT Bit ujtzb{lkit kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf tj pujtjf{luìf klfki ujtpzjt{l l bit {ujt ieoj{gxit jtpjdîhgdit |zj tj pblf{jluif kjtkj jb gfgdgi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf" jt{it tif? <& Kjtdugegu jb kjtluuibbi kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül Pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it kjtkj nlwi kj 5007 mlt{l ozfgi kj 50<0& 5& Gkjf{ghgdlu bit jbjnjf{it dift{g{z{gxit kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj bl dlnplül Pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& 4& Lflbglu bit dinpifjf{jt jtjfdglbjt kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj bl dlnplül Pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it& Tj j}pifkuì jb lfìbgtgt kj bl gfhiunldgôf ujdibjd{lkl plul dlkl ieoj{gxi" ujhbjolfki bit difdjp{it ujd{iujt kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf w tz dinpbjnjf{i kgujd{i dif bl puìd{gdl kjb dlti dlti jtdicgki" jxgkjfdglfki bl nlfjul dini tj kjtluuibbl zfl dlnplül jbjd{iulb" bl dift{uzddgôf kj zfl jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb w bl j}pbgdldgôf kj bit pltit |zj tj kjejf lkjblf{lu mlt{l jb kîl |zj bbjcl bl jbjddgôf&

5&<& KJTDUGPDGIF KJB KJTLUUIBBI KJ BL JT[UL[JCGL KJ DLNPLÜL PUJTGKJFDGLB KJ OZLF NLFZJB TLF[IT" KJTKJ NLWI KJ 5007 MLT[L OZFGI KJ 50<0 Lf{jt kj jnpjlu dif bl kjtdugpdgôf xlbj ldblulu |zj jf bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it mlw kit ninjf{it dblxjt" jb pugnjui hzj bgkjulki piu bit ltjtiujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" w xl kjtkj jb ninjf{i kj tz ujfzfdgl mlt{l hgflbjt kjb njt kj leugb" w jb tjczfki" hzj bgkjulki piu jb diftzb{iu pibî{gdi w jt{ul{jcl Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf" |zj xl kjtkj hgflbjt kj leugb mlt{l jb 50 kj ozfgi kj 50<0" kîl jf jb dzlb idzuuj bl tjczfkl xzjb{l pujtgkjfdglb& Jt{i xl l tju hzfklnjf{lb plul jb pit{jugiu jf{jfkgngjf{i kjb kjtluuibbi w jxibzdgôf kj bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it& Bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" jnpgjl jf jb ninjf{i |zj ujfzfdgl lb ngfgt{jugi kj kjhjftl jf nlwi kj 5007" w pgjftl jf bl pitgegbgklk kj <4

tju dlfkgkl{i plul blt jbjddgifjt kj 50<0" jf dlti kj |zj jb jf{ifdjt pujtgkjf{j Ìbxlui Zugej fi tj ujblflul dini dlfkgkl{i& Kjtpzçt kj bl ujfzfdgl kjdgkj gutj l Jt{lkit Zfgkit w ujzfgutj dif zf cuzpi kj diftzb{iujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" fiu{jlnjugdlfit " jf{uj jbbit Olnjt Dluxgbbj" ltjtiu kjb J} pujtgkjf{j Egbb Dbgf{if" w jnpgjlf l dift{uzgu bi |zj hzj tz jt{ul{jcgl dini dlfkgkl{i Pujtgkjfdglb& Plulbjblnjf{j dif tz j|zgpi kj dlnplül tj jt{lel pblfjlfki bl jt{ul{jcgl kj bit dlfkgkl{it kjb Plu{gki kj bl Z" l blt jbjddgifjt kjb Difcujti& Jt{lt jbjddgifjt tj diftgkjulelf hzfklnjf{lbjt plul jb pitgebj ç}g{i |zj {zxgjul Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" dini dlfkgkl{i l bl Pujtgkjfdgl1 wl |zj tg biculelf pitgdgiflu jb Plu{gki dini bl pugnjul hzjul pibî{gdl kj bl ulnl bjcgtbl{gxl" dif{luîlf dif zfl jt{uzd{zul nìt iuclfglkl w dinpuinj{gkl plul bbjxlu lb dlfkgkl{i kjb Plu{gki l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl" w jf jb dlti kj mldju blt lbglflt jbjd{iulbjt" tjuîl nìt hìdgb dif zf Plu{gki tôbgki w hzju{j" |zj dif zf Plu{gki dif pidl ujpujtjf{ldgôf& Bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it tj mldj pÿebgdl w jnpgjl l gnpbjnjf{lutj jf nlui kj 50<0" kjtpzçt kj bl pzebgdldgôf kjb hlbbi kj bl Diu{j Dift{g{zdgiflb" |zj gnpitgegbg{l lb jf{ifdjt pujtgkjf{j Zugej tju dlfkgkl{i l bl Pujtgkjfdgl& Jf jtj ninjf{i jb Ku& Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" lfzfdgl jf Dlu{lcjfl |zj tjuì dlfkgkl{i jf bl dif{gjfkl plul lbdlflu bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj Dibinegl" piu jb Plu{gki kj bl Z" w |zj tjuì zf hgjb tjczgkiu kjb bjclki kjb j} pujtgkjf{j Zugej" l |zgjf lculkjdj bl difhglfl |zj bj ml kjpitg{lki plul ujcgu jb plît piu bit puô}gnit dzl{ui lüit& Kjtpzçt kjb jtpjulki lfzfdgi kj bl dlfkgkl{zul kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl" tj jnpgjl l jojdz{lu bl jt{ul{jcgl dift{uzgkl dif jb cuzpi kj ltjtiujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" bit dzlbjt gnpugngjuif jf jbbl jb jt{gbi kj blt dlnplült jt{lkizfgkjftjt" kifkj tj kjt{ldl bl pjutiflbgklk kjb dlfkgkl{i w tzt bicuit" dif zfl pzebgdgklk gnpld{lf{j" pjui pidi bblnl{gxl l|zî jf Dibinegl& Xlbj ujtdl{lu |zj zfi kj bit ldgju{it kj bit ltjtiujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit hzj ldiftjolu l Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it kj nlf{jfjutj jf tgbjfdgi mlt{l jb puifzfdglngjf{i kjb hlbbi kj bl Diu{j Dift{g{zdgiflb" ltî |zjklel dblui |zj çb jul jb tzdjtiu kj blt <;

pibî{gdlt kjb jf{ifdjt pujtgkjf{j Ìbxlui Zugej" lkjnìt |zj bj jxg{lel jb kjtclt{j puipgi kj gf{juld{zlu dif jb ldif{jdju pibî{gdi |zj dluld{jugl lb plît" w lb dzlb tj tinj{gjuif jb ujt{i kj dlfkgkl{it |zj jf{uluif jf bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb& Tgf jneluci jt{l pugnjul jt{ul{jcgl bgkjulkl piu bit fiu{jlnjugdlfit fi hzj ldicgkl pitg{gxlnjf{j piu jb jbjd{iulki dibineglfi" pzjt xjîlf jf jb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" zf pjutifloj kj dbltj lb{l eici{lfl" pidi gf{jujtlki jf bit puiebjnlt ujlbjt |zj lhuif{lel jb plît& Kj jt{j niki fi tj biculuîlf bit ujtzb{lkit jtpjulkit" pzjt bl piebldgôf ieoj{gxi fi jt{lel jf{jfkgjfki jb njftloj |zj tj bj |zjuîl {ulftng{gu w jt{lelf cjfjulfki ujdmli lb dlfkgkl{i& Bl jt{ul{jcgl fi hzj pjftlkl kj nlfjul gf{jculb" puiwjd{ô zf dlfkgkl{i dini clflkiu" puinixgjfki bit bicuit |zj mleîl ie{jfgki jf tz {ulwjd{iugl dini hzfdgiflugi pÿebgdi1 lbci |zj bl cjf{j wl {jfîl jf tz njniugl" dini piu jojnpbi tz gkifjgklk w ulkgdlbgklk plul nlfjolu bit {jnlt kj tjczugklk jf jb plît" jb ujtdl{j kj Gfcugk Ej{lfdizu{" jb einelukji lb dlnplnjf{i kj Ulÿb Ujwjt" jf{uj i{uit ninjf{it1 bi |zj tj jt{lel cjfjulfki jul zfl lxjutgôf lb dlfkgkl{i& Jb jbjd{iulki |zjuîl jtdzdmlu fzjxlt puipzjt{lt" tieuj {jnlt |zj bjt cjfjulelf nlwiu pujidzpldgôf dini jb kjtjnpbji" {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l |zj jb {jnl kj bl tjczugklk jul gnpiu{lf{j" pjui jt{lel njkglflnjf{j dif{uiblki plul jtj jf{ifdjt& Kj jt{l plu{j kj bl jt{ul{jcgl" dift{uzgkl piu bit ltjtiujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" fi tj {gjfj nzdml gfhiunldgôf kj pugnjul hzjf{j dini plul bbjclu lb hifki kjb lfìbgtgt w kjhgfgu piu|zç mgdgjuif bi |zj mgdgjuif" pjui bi |zj tg tj pzki tleju piu njkgi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf hzj bit juuiujt |zj mleîlf dinj{gki" bit dzlbjt kjnit{ulelf pidl pblfjldgôf jt{ul{çcgdl& Lbczfit kj bit juuiujt |zj bbjxluif l ujpblf{jlu bl jt{ul{jcgl hzjuif? lbjolutj kjb bjclki kjb pujtgkjf{j Zugej" jt kjdgu fi mldju çfhltgt jf |zj çb jul jb tzdjtiu kj tzt pibî{gdlt" dini jf zf gfgdgi tj |zgti nit{ulu" lelfkiflu blt elfkjult kj bl Z" |zjuju blflutj dif i{ul pzebgdgklk |zj fi bi gkjf{ghgdlel dini jb dlfkgkl{i kjb Plu{gki w fi mldju zfl gfxjt{gcldgôf dzgklkitl w puihzfkl tieuj bl pjudjpdgôf kjb jbjd{iulki hujf{j l bit {jnlt diwzf{zulbjt nìt gnpiu{lf{jt kjb ninjf{i& <:

L bl plu kj jt{j ninjf{i diwzf{zulb kj bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" zf hjfônjfi jbjd{iulb jt{lel idzuugjfki w dujdîl kj nlfjul dift{lf{j w ldjbjulkl1 bl ibl xjukj" |zj ujpujtjf{lel zfl fzjxl hiunl kj mldju pibî{gdl" dif zf lguj hujtdi w ujfixlkiu" gkjl |zj tj puiwjd{lel w piu bl dzlb nzdml cjf{j gfgdglbnjf{j tj tgf{gô ni{gxlkl dzlfki jb plfiulnl pibî{gdi. jbjd{iulb" fi nit{ulel i{ul ipdgôf |zj hzjul nìt difxgfdjf{j& Jt{i idzuuj l njkglkit kjb njt kj leugb" dzlfki tj jxgkjfdgl jf blt jfdzjt{lt bl pujhjujfdgl piu kjb dlfkgkl{i Nidazt kjb Plu{gki xjukj" tieuj jb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it kjb Plu{gki kj bl Z& Jf jt{j dif{j}{i" lbczfit ngjneuit nìt djudlfit lb dlfkgkl{i Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it w pju{jfjdgjf{jt lb j|zgpi kj dlnplül" bj ujdingjfklf {inlu njkgklt jf jb ltzf{i" plul fi pifju jf ugjtci bl jbjddgôf w kjdgkjf jf{ifdjt ujpblf{jlu bl jt{ul{jcgl" uj{inlfki lb j|zgpi kj dlnplül |zj tj {jfîl lb gf{jugiu kjb Plu{gki kj bl Z" bgkjulki piu jb Diftzb{iu Pibî{gdi" Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf& Jb 40 kj leugb" jnpgjl jb tjczfki ninjf{i kj bl dlnplül kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" tj lfzfdgl bl bbjclkl kj Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf dini ltjtiu w jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül" tj ujkgt{ugezwjf blt hzfdgifjt kj bit ngjneuit kjb j|zgpi& Lbczfit kj bit dlnegit nìt gnpiu{lf{jt hzjuif? Uieju{i Pugj{i" |zgjf ltznj jb dluci kj cjujf{j cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül" Ngczjb Pjülbitl pltl l jfdluclutj kj blt ujcgifjt w Cjunìf Dmgdl" ltznj dini kgujd{iu kj ltzf{it pibî{gdit& Dif jt{j fzjxi j|zgpi" tj lfzfdgl piu njkgi kj zf dinzfgdlki |zj bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" mluì zf cgui jb dzlb kjfingf luif ‒UJXIBDIF„" lbbî tj diuugcjf bl dlkjfl kj juuiujt |zj tj jt{lelf dinj{gjfki w tj puipifj uj{iuflu lb Plu{gki kj bl Z" {inìfkibi dini zf lbglki jf bl diftjdzdgôf kjb {ugzfhi" ldjudlutj l bl hgczul kjb pujtgkjf{j Zugej w lb Zugegtni jf cjfjulb w mleblu kj jnpbji |zj jul jb {jnl |zj nìt pujidzplel l bit dibineglfit dif dlpldgklk plul xi{lu& -Xju lfj}i :' Gf{juflnjf{j tj ujpblf{ji bl hiunl dini tj jt{lel mldgjfki bl dlnplül" jt kjdgu" tj bj pgkj l bit ngjneuit kjb j|zgpi |zj {jfclf zfl ld{g{zk pitg{gxl w puild{gxl" jt{i {uloi jhjd{it gnpiu{lf{jt" dini bl kgflngldgôf w jb pitgdgiflngjf{i pitgdgiflngjf {i kj bl dlnplül jf blt ujcgifjt& Dini kgdj Tzf [z jf jb Lu{j kj bl Czjuul" ‒jf bl <8

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8

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kgujd{iujt tgf pitgegbgklk kj ujhz{lu" pzjt dif bl dif{uixjutgl" tj diuuîl jb ugjtci kj pjukju {gjnpi w jb puipôtg{i kj lbdlflu jb ieoj{gxi tj pikîl kgbzîl jf{uj blt kgtdztgifjt& Dlkl zfi kj jt{it jojt tif bit jbjnjf{it dift{g{z{gxit kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül1 jf plbleult kj Nlluja" tj dznpbj dif bit uj|zgtg{it |zj tj kjejf lkjblf{lu plul dift{uzgu zfl jt{ul{jcgl bjd{iulb" wl |zj çb puipifj" |zj pugnjui tj kjej mldju zf lfìbgtgt kjb dif{j}{i" jb dzlb tj {gjfj jf dzjf{l kjf{ui kjb joj gfxjt{gcl{gxi" lbbî tj gfdbzwj lfìbgtgt tieuj jb jbjd{iulki w bl dinpj{jfdgl" |zj l tz xj jt nifg{iujlki piu jb joj kj dinzfgdldgifjt" jfdlucìfkitj kj ujdlzklu blt fi{gdglt |zj tj puikzdjf {lf{i kjb dlfkgkl{i dini kj bit i{uit dlfkgkl{it |zj jt{ìf dinpg{gjfki& Jf dzlf{i l bit ujdzutit hgflfdgjuit w mznlfit" mlw kit jojt |zj tj idzplf kj jt{j {jnl kjf{ui kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it? Piu zfl plu{j jt{ì jb joj lkngfgt{ul{gxi. hgflfdgjui |zj tj jfdlucl kj bit ujdzutit jdifôngdit w piu i{ui blki" jb kj iuclfgldgifjt tidglbjt w bicît{gdl" |zj tj idzpl kj bit ujdzutit mznlfit& Jf bl kjhgfgdgôf kjb pÿebgdi ieoj{gxi" jt{ì jb joj kj gfxjt{gcldgôf" |zj tj jfdlucl kj tjcnjf{lu bl piebldgôf piu kghjujf{jt dug{jugit" dini jb cjicuìhgdi" piu cçfjui" piu jklk" j{d& Plul Nlluja" j}gt{jf kit hiunlt kj jt{lebjdju bl tjcnjf{ldgôf kjb jbjd{iulki" bl pugnjul kj hiunl jt{uzd{zulb? ‒njkglf{j bl kj{jungfldgôf kj zf

dgju{i fÿnjui kj 22pÿebgdit ieoj{gxi66 pugxgbjcglkit kj bl dinzfgdldgôf" bit jtpjulf l kj |zj gfhbzguìf jf i{uit kjt{gfl{lugit„" bl 22bîkjujt kj i pgfgôf66" dif bl jtpjulfl tjczfkl" kj hiunl dzlbg{l{gxl? ‒ njkglf{j bl nikghgdldgôf kj dgju{it ltpjd{it kj bl

dinzfgdldgôf jf hzfdgôf kj tjcnjf{it ujbl{gxlnjf{j pujdgtit" w fi iet{lf{j ujbl{gxlnjf{j gnpiu{lf{jt" kjb pÿebgdi&

<4

Jf bl jt{ul{jcgl kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" tj ip{l piu bl tjcnjf{ldgôf dzlbg{l{gxl" wl |zj tj nikghgdl jb njftloj kj ldzjuki lb pÿebgdi |zj xl kgugcgki pjui nlf{jfgjfki bl jtjfdgl kjb ngtni& Zf jojnpbi kj jt{l tjcnjf{ldgôf" jt pifju xlbblt

<4

Xju& Nlluja& Nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi w dinzfgdldgôf& P&7< 58

pz ebgdg{luglt jf dlkl ujcgôf ztlfki bl hiunl kj mleblu dluld{juît{gdl kjb bzclu" ‒Pl‗ blf{j jt pl‗ bbì" zfgkit dif Ozlf Nlfzjb Pujtgkjf{j„& -Xju lfj}i4'

Piu ÿb{gni" jf dzlf{i l bit {jnlt kj dlnplül" mlw kit jojt |zj tj idzplf kjb {jnl" jb kj gfxjt{gcldgôf w jb joj puiculnì{gdi& Piu njkgi kjb joj kj gfxjt{gcldgôf tj ie{gjfj gfhiunldgôf l {ulxçt kj blt jfdzjt{lt w bit cuzpit hidlbjt w jb puiculnì{gdi jt jb |zj tj jfdlucl kj hgolu bit {jnlt kj bl dlnplül w tjf{lu bl pitgdgôf |zj tj kjej ltzngu hujf{j l jbbit& [lnegçf tj jfdlucl kj ujkld{lu bit kgtdzutit w kjdbluldgifjt kjb dlfkgkl{i lb gczlb |zj hiunzblu blt puipzjt{lt kj bl dlnplül& Jf {çungfit cjfjulbjt tj jxgkjfdgô |zj bl jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" dif{jnpbô zfit hld{iujt lkgdgiflbjt |zj fi tif kjtdug{it piu Nlluja" jf jb bgeui Nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi w dinzfgdldgôf" {lbjt dini jb Kîl J w jb joj {juug{iuglb& Jt{it hld{iujt tif gnpiu{lf{jt plul biculu jb ieoj{gxi kj clflu bl Pujtgkjfdgl" wl |zj kj jt{l nlfjul tj pzjkj biculu bl difdujdgôf kjb xi{i w dif{uiblu {ikit bit ltpjd{it |zj lhjd{lf bl jbjddgôf jf zf ninjf{i kj{jungflki&

5&4& LFLBG_LU BIT DINPIFJF[JT JTJFDGLBJT KJ BL JT[UL[JCGL KJ DLNPLÜL KJ OZLF NLFZJB TLF[IT& Bl gf{jftgôf kj hiunzblu jt{j ieoj{gxi jt klu l difidju zfit dinpifjf{jt |zj tif gfmjujf{jt l {ikl dlnplül kj jbjddgôf pipzblu" w |zj jf jtj dlti hzjuif {jfgkit jf dzjf{l plul lbdlflu bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj Dibinegl jf blt jbjddgifjt kj 50<0& Plul zfl nlwiu dinpujftgôf kj bit dinpifjf{jt" tj kjhgfguì dlkl zfi kj jbbit w tj jbleiuluì zfl {lebl dif jb ieoj{gxi kj jxgkjfdglu bl nl{juglbgldgôf kj bl kjhgfgdgôf kjb difdjp{i jf bl puìd{gdl& Bit dinpifjf{jt l kjhgfgu tif? Jb dlfkgkl{i" bit ujdzutit" bl jt{uzd{zul" bit {jnlt" jb {gjnpi" kîl J w bl Jt{ul{jcgl&  Jb dlfkgkl{i& Jt zfi kj bit dinpifjf{jt nìt gnpiu{lf{jt kj bl dlnplül

nìt fi jb ÿfgdi" jb dlfkgkl{i gf{jculb {gjfj jf dzjf{l {ujt kgnjftgifjt plul

53

 puiwjd{lutj lf{j jb jbjd{iulki& Pugnjui" ‒bi |zj jb dlfkgkl{i jt„<;" |zj tj ujhgjuj l bl

gfhiunldgôf pjutiflb kjb ngtni" tjczfki" bi |zj jb dlfkgkl{i |zgjuj tju" jt kjdgu bl hiunl jf bl |zj çb tj |zgjuj nit{ulu lf{j jb pÿebgdi w jb njftloj |zj |zgjuj {ulftng{gu w {judjui" ‒bi |zj bit jbjd{iujt hgflbnjf{j pjudgejf„ <:"

jt kjdgu bl nlfjul dini bit

dgzklklfit bi xjf1 jt{i jt nzw gnpiu{lf{j" piu|zj jf pibî{gdl jt nìt tgcfghgdl{gxi bi |zj plujdj tju" |zj bi |zj tj jt" jf i{ult plbleult" bi |zj bit dgzklklfit dujlf kjb dlfkgkl{i" xl l tju nìt gnpiu{lf{j" |zj bi |zj jb dlfkgkl{i dujl |zj çb jt" piu bi {lf{i kjej puidzulu nit{ulutj kj bl nlfjul nìt mifjt{l w {ulftplujf{j plul |zj ltî ngtni bi pjudgelf& Zf ezjf dlfkgkl{i" tjcÿf jb bgeui"  Jb Lu{j kj Clflu" ‒kgugcj j|zgpit kj <8

 pjutiflt w fi kjej puj{jfkju tju zf tlegi zfgxjutlb dini bit bîkjujt kjb pltlki„

jt

kjdgu" kjej {jfju dlpldgklk kj bgkjulci w ltjtiulutj kj j}pju{it jf dlkl {jnl" dif jb hgf kj tleju nlfjolu blt kghjujf{jt tg{zldgifjt |zj tj bj pzjklf pujtjf{lu&  Bit ujdzutit& Jf kjhgfg{gxl tif bl cltibgfl kj bl dlnplül" jt l|zjbbi |zj xl

pjung{gu jnpujfkju kghjujf{jt lddgifjt plul lbdlflu jb ieoj{gxi& Plul Nlluja j}gt{jf kit {gpit kj ujdzutit" bit hgflfdgjuit w bit mznlfit" lneit tif gfkgtpjftlebjt kzulf{j bl dif{gjfkl jbjd{iulb& Jt fjdjtlugi dif{lu dif bit ujdzutit tzhgdgjf{jt lf{jt kj blflutj l zfl dlnplül jbjd{iulb" wl |zj tg tj ldlelf l ng{lk kj dlngfi" tj ldlel jb tzjüi kj lbdlflu bl xgd{iugl&  Bl jt{uzd{zul& jt{uzd{zul& Jt l|zjbbi |zj tipiu{l blt eltjt kjb nixgngjf{i i Plu{gki kjb

dlfkgkl{i" zf difcbinjulki kj pjutiflt hzju{jnjf{j iuclfglki |zj pjung{j hldgbg{lu jb puidjti kj lpiwi lb dlfkgkl{i& Jt{j dinpifjf{j jt jtjfdglb kzulf{j zfl dlnplül jbjd{iulb" wl |zj kj jt{l nlfjul tj ujtplbkl jb ieoj{gxi kj bl dlnplül& Nl|zglxjbi jf tz bgeui" Jb Puîfdgpj kjdîl ‒fi difkzdìgt olnìt xzjt{uit

tibklkit lb dinel{j" tgf lf{jt mlejubjt bbjflki kj difhglfl1 tgf lf{jt mlejubjt <;

Xju& Njkgfl Iblu{j" Cjunìf& Dôni cug{lu plul |zj xi{jf piu nî w {jfju xgtgegbgklk plul ciejuflu " 5003& P& =7& <:

Xju& Njkgfl Iblu{j& Dôni cug{lu plul |zj xi{jf piu nî w {jfju xgtgegbgklk plul ciejuflu & P& =7

<8

Xju& Kzulf Eluel" Olgnj w Fgj{i" Tlf{glci&  Jb Lu{j kj Clflu& Dôni ztlu jb l{l|zj jf dlnplült j}g{itlt" 50<0& P& <<5 5=

lkgjt{ulki egjf w tgf lf{jt mlejuit ltjczulki kj |zj fi tgjf{jf {jniu1 jf hgf" fi it blfdçgt olnìt l zfl lddgôf tg jbbit fi {gjfjf difhglfl kj xjfdju„<3&

Jt{i {gjfj |zj

xju dif bl iuclfgldgôf w diiukgfldgôf |zj kjejf {jfju bit ngjneuit kj bl jt{uzd{zul lf{jt kj blflutj l bl jbjddgôf pipzblu& Bl jt{uzd{zul {lnegçf jt bblnlkl piu Nlluja" dini bl ujk kjtdjf{ulbglkl kj ngbg{lf{jt" jfdluclkit kj tldlu lkjblf{j bl dlnplül jf tzt ujtpjd{gxlt jf{gklkjt {juug{iuglbjt" dif jb lpiwi kj bl kgujddgôf fldgiflb& Zfl ezjfl jt{uzd{zul |zj {lnegçf jt difidgkl dini bl nl|zgflugl jbjd{iulb" xl l clulf{glu |zj jb kîl kj bl jbjddgôf {iki {ulftdzuul jf dinpbj{l dlbnl w fiunlbgklk" ltjczulfki bl {ulftplujfdgl kj bl jbjddgôf&  Bit {jnlt& Tif plu{j hzfklnjf{lb kj bl dlnplül" wl |zj xl tju zf jbjnjf{i

dif jb dzlb jb dlfkgkl{i bicul l{ulju jb jbjd{iulki l tz dlnplül& Kjf{ui kjb nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi mlw {ujt {lujlt |zj tj kjejf dznpbgu plul mldju zf ezjf nlfjoi kj jt{j dinpifjf{j <=? 

Gkjf{ghgdlubi& Piu njkgi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf {lf{i dzlbg{l{gxl dini

dzlf{g{l{gxl w kj ldzjuki lb ninjf{i diwzf{zulb diwzf{zulb |zj tj jt{ì xgxgjfki plul bl jbjddgôf w ltî tleju |zç pitgdgôf {inlu hujf{j lb {jnl& 

Kj{jungflu jb joj jf |zj tj zegdl bl ipdgôf pÿebgdl hujf{j lb {jnl"

{lnegçf piu njkgi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf& Zfl lddgôf difduj{l pzjkj tju jb nifg{iuji kj njkgit w jb tjczgngjf{i |zj tj bj mlcl lb {ul{lngjf{i kjb {jnl gkjf{ghgdlki& 

Puiwjd{lu lb dlfkgkl{i dif bl dlpldgklk kj ltzngu jb {jnl dif

puipgjklk w dujkgegbgklk& Jf jt{j pzf{i jt ujdinjfklebj ujdiuklubj lb jbjd{iulki bit bicuit |zj ml {jfgki jb dlfkgkl{i jf bit kghjujf{jt ìneg{it kj tz xgkl pÿebgdl w dôni bl j}pjugjfdgl |zj ml ldznzblki l bi bluci kj tz xgkl" pzjkj tju zfl mjuulngjf{l dblxj l bl miul kj nlfjolu kj{jungflkit {jnlt&

<3

Xju& Nl|zglxjbi" Fgdibìt&  Jb Puîfdgpj" 500;& P& <7< <7< Xju& Njkgfl Iblu{j& Dôni cug{lu plul |zj xi{jf piu nî w {jfju xgtgegbgklk plul ciejuflu & P& 45

<=

57

 Jb {gjnpi& [gjfj |zj xju dif jb ninjf{i kj jnpjlu bl dlnplül w jb ug{ni

|zj jt{l xl l {jfju kzulf{j {ikl bl dif{gjfkl" jt kjdgu" jt bl hiunl dini tj xl l dlpg{lbglu dlkl kîl |zj pltl kzulf{j bl dlnplül& Plul Nlluja" jb {gjnpi {gjfj |zj xju dif? ‒bl jbjddgôf kj bl duifibicîl kjb kjtluuibbi kj bl dlnplül„<7" jt{i gnpbgdl bl

{inl kj kit kjdgtgifjt duzdglbjt" jt{lt tif? 

Bl jbjddgôf kj bl hjdml kj dingjfi kj dlnplül



Bl jbjddgôf kjb ug{ni kj ldjbjuldgôf kj bl dlnplül Bl gfdiupiuldgôf kj jt{it kit ninjf{it kjf{ui kj bl jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb"

pjung{j tleju kj |zç nlfjul tj xl l z{gbglu jb {gjnpi& Jf zf pugnju ninjf{i" dzlfki xl l jnpjlu bl dlnplül" tg tj mldj pÿebgdl dif nzdmi {gjnpi pzjkj mleju zf kjtclt{j kjb dlfkgkl{i j gbg|zgkj kj ujdzutit" pjui tg tj mldj pÿebgdl kjnltglki {lukj" fi lbdlfluîl l mldju {iki bi fjdjtlugi plul biculu pjutzlkgu lb jbjd{iulki& Jf zf tjczfki ninjf{i" jb {gjnpi tj mldj nìt ÿ{gb" jf dzlf{i bgng{l blt lddgifjt |zj tj jnpujfkjf l zf pjugiki jtpjdghgdi" piu jojnpbi" dzìf{i kzul bl cgul kjb dlfkgkl{i" dzlfki kjej jt{lu jf bl dlpg{lb" l dzlf{it kjel{jt kjej ltgt{gu" dzlf{it dinjudglbjt pzebgdg{lugit tj xlf l tldlu" dlkl dzlf{i {gjnpi" {iki jt{i tj kjhgfj piu jb dinpifjf{j kjb {gjnpi&  Jb kîl J& Jt dini jb kîl kjb ozgdgi hgflb" fi mlw {gjnpi plul jtpjulu i{ul

ipiu{zfgklk& Kzulf{j jtl oiuflkl jbjd{iulb" |zj fi kzul nìt kj <0 miult" tj xl l jxlbzlu {iki jb {uleloi |zj tj mgi kzulf{j bl dlnplül jbjd{iulb& Jtj kîl ‒kjej tju 

plu{j hzfklnjf{lb kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj bl dlnplül& Jf jb kîl kj blt jbjddgifjt {iki jb pjti ujdlj tieuj bl difdujdgôf kjb xi{i" jt nzw {lukj plul ujdzuugu l bl {jbjxgtgôf i 50

 plul cjfjulu fi{gdglt„

wl bi |zj tj mgi jt bi |zj tj jtpjul kjnit{ulu njkglf{j jb

ujtzb{lki kj bl jbjddgôf&  Bl Jt{ul{jcgl& Jt{ul{jcgl& Dini wl tj mleîl kjhgfgki lf{jt" jt zf pblf cjfjulb" |zj tj

dift{uzwj kj ldzjuki lb ieoj{gxi |zj tj puj{jfkj lbdlflu kzulf{j bl dif{gjfkl <7

Dinplulu& Nlluja& Nluaj{gfc pibî{gdi w dinzfgdldgôf& P&<<;

50

Xju& Njkgfl Iblu{j& Dôni cug{lu plul |zj xi{jf piu nî w {jfju xgtgegbgklk plul ciejuflu & P& <03

40

jbjd{iulb" jb dzlb gf{jcul {ikit bit hld{iujt |zj mldjf plu{j kj bl dlnplül w blt lddgifjt jtpjdîhgdlt |zj tj kjejf jnpujfkju kj nlfjul dimjujf{j w tgnzb{lfjl plul lbdlflu jb ieoj{gxi puipzjt{i& Zfl xj kjhgfgki bit dinpifjf{jt" jf bl tgczgjf{j {lebl tj pujtjf{luìf bl nl{juglbgldgôf kj bit difdjp{it jxlbzlfki dini tj bbjxluif l dlei jf blt kit dlnplült pugfdgplbjt |zj tj kgtpz{luif bl pujtgkjfdgl&

[lebl 4& Dinpifjf{jt jtjfdglbjt kj blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt Dinpifjf{jt

Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it

Lf{lflt Nidazt

Dlfkgkl{i

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Jf {çungfit cjfjulbjt fi hzj zf ezjf

dlfkgkl{i" tj kjolel ltjtiulu w {ul{lel

dlfkgkl{i" fi tjczîl bit diftjoit |zj bj

kj mldju bi |zj tj bj ldiftjolel& Tzt

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ÿfgdi hld{iu gnpiu{lf{j kjf{ui kj bl

j}pujtlutj w pidi dlugtnl&

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jt{uzd{zul kj ngbg{lf{jt&

jul jb jfdluclki kj nlf{jfju bl dinzfgdldgôf jf{uj jb djf{ui w bl pjughjugl&

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mleblel kj {iki w kj flkl lb ngtni

Zfgklk Fldgiflb

{gjnpi&

Tg mzei zf ezjf nlfjoi kjb {gjnpi& Jf

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blflu bl dlfkgkl{zul w dini {ulelolu mlt{l jb ÿb{gni kîl&

Kîl J

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dif nzdml lf{jugiugklk" jnpjlfki piu

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|zj {ikit bit |zj bit lpiwlelf

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{jfîl zf kidznjf{i jtdug{i |zj tj

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diuujcgu bit juuiujt |zj xjfîlf

plul xju tg jt{lel tgjfki jhjd{gxi&

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Mldgjfki zf lfìbgtgt kj bi |zj hzjuif jt{it dinpifjf{jt kjf{ui kj bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" tj pzjkj kjdgu |zj jb dlfkgkl{i kzulf{j bl dif{gjfkl ozcô zf ezjf plpjb" {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l bit dug{jugit |zj kjhgfjf bi |zj jt zf ezjf dlfkgkl{i jf {çungfit cjfjulbjt" pzjt dini tj pzjki ietjuxlu" hzj zf dlfkgkl{i |zj tzpi jtdzdmlu w jf{jfkju kj |zç nlfjul {jfîl |zj gf{juld{zlu dif jb jbjd{iulki" gf{jugiuglfki bi |zj tj jtpjulel kj çb j gf{jcuìfkibi dif bi |zj çb kj piu tî wl ujpujtjf{lel" mldgjfki |zj bit xi{lf{jt bj kgjulf tz ldjp{ldgôf& Xlbj lhgunlu |zj jb dlfkgkl{i plul clflu nlwiu ldjp{ldgôf" mgi zti kj zfi kj bit njkgit jt{ul{çcgdit nìt jhjd{gxit kjf{ui kj bit ujcînjfjt pibî{gdit" j}pzjt{i  piu Nlzugdj Kzxjucju" |zj jt bl Tgnzbldgôf" jb dzlb ‒diftgt{j jf kgtgnzblu bit hgfjt w

bit ni{gxit ujlbjt kj bl lddgôf pibî{gdl {ult zfit tjzkihgfjt w tjzkini{gxit" |zj tif nìt pipzblujt w |zj cilf piu {lf{i kj zf nlwiu tit{çf piu plu{j kj bl ipgfgôf 5<

 pÿebgdl„

" jt{i |zgjuj kjdgu |zj jb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" mldj zti kj blt elfkjult kjb

Zugegtni tgnzblfki |zj tif jtjfdglbnjf{j puipglt" fi tgçfkibi ltî" pjui tif nìt pipzblujt |zj bi |zj çb bj pzjkj ihujdju lb jbjd{iulki jf jtj ninjf{i&

5<

Xju& Kzxjucju& Gf{uikzddgôf l bl Pibî{gdl & P& <=; 45

Jf dzlf{i l bit ujdzutit kj bl dlnplül" tj pzjkj kjdgu |zj dif{lelf dif zf lnpbgi ujtplbki kj ujdzutit hgflfdgjuit" w dini kgdj Nlzugdj Kzxjucju jf jb bgeui Gf{uikzddgôf l bl pibî{gdl" jb kgfjui jt zfl kj blt lunlt nìt jhjd{gxlt kjf{ui kj bl dif{gjfkl pibî{gdl" lhgunl |zj ‒bl ug|zjl tguxj plul puidzulu bit njkgit dif bit |zj tj pzjkj dif|zgt{lu i diftjuxlu jb pikju„ 55

w jf jt{j dlti tj difhgunô |zj culdglt l

jt{j ujdzuti tj bicuô mldju zfl dlnplül dôniklnjf{j tgf fjdjtgklk kj ujdzuugu l bl lzt{jugklk jf jb clt{i" plul lbdlflu bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl& Dif ujtpjd{i l bl jt{uzd{zul kj dlnplül" tj jxgkjfdgô |zj jb dlfkgkl{i dif{lel {i{lbnjf{j dif jb ujtplbki kj zf Plu{gki ujbl{gxlnjf{j fzjxi jf bl jtdjfl pibî{gdl" pjui |zj kjtkj tz iugcjf tj diftibgkô dini zfl hzjul jt{lebj w jf dujdgngjf{i& [jfîl l tz hlxiu jb lpiwi kjb plu{gki w zfl jt{uzd{zul tôbgkl w dinpuinj{gkl plul bbjclu l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl& L jt{i tj tznl" |zj jf blt jbjddgifjt bjcgtbl{gxlt kjb 50<0 jb plu{gki tj diftibgkl dini bl pugnjul hzjul pibî{gdl" ie{jfgjfki jf Tjflki 53 dzuzbjt w jf bl Dìnlul kj Ujpujtjf{lf{jt ;= dzuzbjt& Hld{iu |zj pzti jf kjtxjf{lol lb ujt{i kj dlfkgkl{it" |zgjfjt fi dif{lelf dif zfl jt{uzd{zul hiu{lbjdgkl w {i{lbnjf{j dinpuinj{gkl dif jb ieoj{gxi kj bbjxlu lb dlfkgkl{i l bl pujtgkjfdgl& Kjf{ui kjb dinpifjf{j puiculnì{gdi" tj gkjf{ghgdluif kit ninjf{it1 jf zf pugfdgpgi tj mleblel nzdmi kj bi |zj mleîl tgki bl j}pjugjfdgl w jb bjclki kjb dlfkgkl{i kzulf{j tz {ulwjd{iugl pibî{gdl" pjui tj bicuô gkjf{ghgdlu |zj jti fi jul bi |zj bit jbjd{iujt |zjuîlf jtdzdmlu" pzjt kj lbczfl nlfjul mldgl plu{j kj bl njniugl dibjd{gxl kjb jbjd{iulki& Plul zf tjczfki ninjf{i dzlfki tj jnpgjlf l diuujcgu bit juuiujt" tj gkjf{ghgdl piu njkgi kj bl gfxjt{gcldgôf |zj bit {jnlt l {ul{lu {jfîlf |zj xju piu zf blki" dif jb bjclki |zj kjolel jb pujtgkjf{j Zugej" mldgjfki dblugklk |zj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" jul jb dlfkgkl{i nìt lpuipglki plul dif{gfzlubi w piu i{ui blki jb {jnl kjb jnpbji |zj difkzojul l zflt njoiujt difkgdgifjt kj xgkl kj bl piebldgôf&

55

Xju& Kzxjucju& Gf{uikzddgôf l bl Pibî{gdl & P& <:=

44

Jt jf jt{j tjczfki ninjf{i" kifkj tj jnpgjl l {ultng{gu njftlojt |zj mgdgjulf lbztgôf l jt{it kit {jnlt w kj jt{l nlfjul biculu kingflu bl ipgfgôf pÿebgdl" |zj jf zf pugfdgpgi jt{zxi {i{lbnjf{j jfhidlkl jf jb hjfônjfi kj bl ibl xjukj" kjb dlfkgkl{i Lf{lflt Nidazt& Xlbj bl pjfl kjdgu |zj plul Tlu{iug" bl ipgfgôf pÿebgdl jt ‒zf difozf{i kj jt{lkit njf{lbjt kghzfkgkit -ipgfgôf' |zj gf{juld{ÿlf dif hbzoit kj gfhiunldgôf„

54

jt kjdgu |zj tj xl hiunlfki piu bit puidjtit kj hbzoit kj gfhiunldgôf jf{uj blt pjutiflt w bit njkgit kj dinzfgdldgôf& Jt{i jul bi |zj idzuuîl jf zf pugfdgpgi dif bl ibl xjukj" kjb Plu{gki kjb dlfkgkl{i Nidazt" w |zj bzjci {ult jb {ugzfhi kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it jf pugnjul xzjb{l" {iki jnpgjl l dlneglu w bl puipzjt{l kj jt{j ngtni jnpgjl l {inlu nìt jtpldgi kjf{ui kj jtl fzej |zj jt bl ipgfgôf pÿebgdl& Piu ÿb{gni" plul hgflbglu jt{j dlpî{zbi kj lfìbgtgt kj ujtzb{lkit" tj kjt{ldl jb {jnl kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl" bl dzlb njujdj zf dzgklkiti lfìbgtgt" pzjt jt bl plu{j jtjfdglb kjb jt{zkgi kj dlti& Tj pzjkj lhgunlu |zj bl Jt{ul{jcgl kjb dlfkgkl{i Tlf{it" hzj pibî{gdl kjtkj zf pugnju ninjf{i" pzjt tzpi dzlfki uj{gulutj kjb ngfgt{jugi kj kjhjftl plul |zj jf {çungfit kj {gjnpi pzkgjul blflutj l bl dlfkgkl{zul pujtgkjfdglb" tgf puiebjnlt kj gfmlegbgklk& Jt{ul{çcgdlnjf{j tzpi dzlfki mldju pÿebgdl bl dlfkgkl{zul" jtpjulfki |zj tj puikzojul jb hlbbi kj bl Diu{j Dift{g{zdgiflb" jb dzlb gnpjkîl lb J} pujtgkjf{j Zugej tju dlfkgkl{i Pujtgkjfdglb" kj jt{l nlfjul tj jfdzjf{ul jb ninjf{i pjuhjd{i  plul blflu tz dlfkgkl{zul1 xlbj bl pjfl ujdiuklu l Nl|zglxjbi" dzlfki kgdj ‒ zfl kj blt nlwiujt xjf{lolt jf bl czjuul" jt difidju bl idltgôf w tlejubl lpuixjdmlu„ 5;"

jf

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54

Xju& Tlu{iug" Cgixlffg& ¹\zç jt bl Kjniduldgl9" 5003& P& 74

5;

Xju& Nl|zglxjbi&  Jb Puîfdgpj& P& <75 4;

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4:

4& DIFDBZTGIFJT Zfl xj kj{jungflkl bl jt{ul{jcgl kj dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" plul jb pjugiki nlwi 5007 l ozfgi kj 50<0" tj njfdgiflf blt difdbztgifjt l blt |zj tj bbjcô zfl xj lflbglkl bl gfhiunldgôf& Piu zfl plu{j blt |zj {gjfjf |zj xju kgujd{lnjf{j dif jb ltpjd{i nj{ikibôcgdi w piu i{ui blki blt ujbldgiflklt kgujd{lnjf{j dif jb jt{zkgi kj dlti& 

Jf pugnju bzclu" dif ujtpjd{i l bl nj{ikibicîl z{gbglkl plul bl

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Jf tjczfki bzclu blt difdbztgifjt kgujd{lnjf{j ujbldgiflklt dif jb

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Bl pugnjul jt{ul{jcgl jt{ì ujbldgiflkl dif blt kjdgtgifjt hujf{j l bl ujfzfdgl kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it lb Ngfgt{jugi kj Kjhjftl" jb pitgdgiflngjf{i kjb plu{gki kj Bl Z" dini pugnjul hzjul pibî{gdl jf blt jbjddgifjt bjcgtbl{gxlt" w bl gnpbjnjf{ldgôf kjb kidznjf{i jt{ul{çcgdi piu plu{j kj bit diftzb{iujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" |zj dinpujfkgô kjtkj hjeujui kj 50<0 mlt{l leugb kj 50<0 " w bl tjczfkl jt{ul{jcgl" dinpujfkgô kjtkj leugb kj 50<0 mlt{l  ozfgi kj 50<0 50<0 w jt{zxi bgkjulkl bgkjulkl piu jb jb diftzb{iu diftzb{iu pibî{gdi Ozlf Ozlf Oitç Ujfkôf& Ujfkôf& Blt dluld{juît{gdlt |zj hiu{lbjdgjuif bl pugnjul jt{ul{jcgl hzjuif? biculu jf{ulu l bl dif{gjfkl pzf{jlfki jf bit jt{zkgit kj ipgfgôf" dif bl gnlcjf nìt hlxiulebj w bl gf{jftgôf kj xi{i nìt lb{l1 pjtj l jt{lu hiu{lbjdgkit" tj jnpjlel l xgtgegbglu dini kjegbgklk" bl hlb{l kj gfxjt{gcldgôf kjb dif{j}{i kifkj tj gel l jojdz{lu bl Jt{ul{jcgl" lbjolu lb dlfkgkl{i kj l|zjbbit hld{iujt |zj bi mleîlf bbjxlki l {jfju lb{it fgxjbjt kj pipzblugklk w bl gnpbjnjf{ldgôf kj zf nikjbi j}{ulfojui |zj kjtdifidîl bl dzb{zul kjb jbjd{iulki& Jf bl tjczfkl jt{ul{jcgl" tj {zxgjuif jf dzjf{l zfit ltpjd{it lf{jugiunjf{j kjtdug{it jf jb {uleloi |zj hzjuif kjdgtgxit plul ltjczulu jb {ugzfhi kj bl pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl&  Bl gfxjt{gcldgôf gfxjt{gcldgôf jt{l hzj {lf{i kjb dif{j}{i" dini kjb jbjd{iulki&

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nlfjul uldgiflb" lpuixjdmlfki dlkl kîl plul lkjblf{lu lddgifjt jt{ul{çcgdlt |zj difxjfdgjulf lb jbjd{iulki plul lpiwlu lb dlfkgkl{i&  Bl kjdgtgôf& kjdgtgôf& Jt{j hzj zf jbjnjf{i gnpiu{lf{j" jf bl njkgkl |zj tj

{zxi dlpldgklk kj ujlddgôf w tj ltzngô ugjtcit lb ujdinpifju jb uznei kj bl dlnplül" jf jb njfiu {gjnpi pitgebj" dzlfki tj jxgkjfdgi |zj jb pblf |zj tj 43

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Lfj}i ;& Jf{ujxgt{l l Cjunìf Dmgdl& Ojhj kj ltzf{it Pibî{gdit kj bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl& Jbleiulkl piuu bl lz{iul kjb {uleloi kj culki" Nluîl Plzbl Idmil& Nluîl Plzbl? Jf |zç ninjf{i jnpgjl bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it jf jt{ugd{i tjf{gki9 Ôtjl wi tj |zj kjtpzçt kjb hlbbi kj bl diu{j çb {gjfj xîl bgeuj1 Pjui jf |zç ninjf{i tj kgdj |zj dinjfô bl dlnplül dini {lb9 Cjunìf Dmgdl? Bl dlnplül dinjfô nzdmit lf{jt kjb hlbbi kj bl diu{j" piu|zj {ikit bit pitgebjt fineujt kj bl dilbgdgôf kgclnit Zugegt{l i bl dilbgdgôf plul dujlu w klu dif{gfzgklk l bl tjczugklk kjniduì{gdl" tleîlf |zj zf hlbbi lkxjuti jul zfl jxjf{zlbgklk dif dgju{i culki kj puielegbgklk ôtjl |zj fi jt{lel {i{lbnjf{j kjtdlu{lki" ôtjl |zj bl jt{ul{jcgl kjtkj lf{jt kjb puifzfdglngjf{i kj bl diu{j |zj jf {iki dlti" Ozlf Nlfzjb Tlf{it" Fijnî Tlfîf" Lfkuçt Hjbgpj Luglt jf{uj i{uit pitgebjt dlfkgkl{it kj bl dilbgdgôf" gelf l dinjflu l tjf{lu blt eltjt kj zfl dlnplül" plul jt{lu pujplulkit jf jb ninjf{i |zj bl diu{j tj puifzfdglul l hlxiu i jf dif{ul& NP? Ôtjl |zj jti tj pzjkj kjdgu |zj dinjfô jf nlwi kjb 5007 dzlfki ujfzfdgl lb ngfgt{jugi kj kjhjftl9 CDM? J}ld{i jtl jt bl hjdml jf |zj tj pikuîl kjdgu |zj gfgdgi" |zj dinjfô l pjftlu jf {jnlt fldgiflbjt" dinjfô l pjftlu jf pjuhgbjt" dinjfô l pjftlu jf dzlkuit" dinjfô l mldju {iki tz {uleloi pibî{gdi jf jb plu{gki kj bl Z" |zj jul tz plu{gki" jt kjdgu |zj dinjfô {iki bi pujplul{iugi" bi pujplul{iugi" bi |zj ujlbnjf{j tj kgbl{i hzj jb lfzfdgi hiunlb |zj jti bi pikîl mldju zfl xj tj difidgjul jb hlbbi kj bl diu{j& NP? \zç plpjb kjtjnpjült{j kzulf{j bl dlnplül kj Ozlf Nlfzjb9

CDM? Jf" kjtkj jb ninjf{i |zj kjdgkj uj{gulutj kjb ngfgt{jugi" ujfzfdgl lb ngfgt{jugi" ltzni bl diiukgfldgôf pibî{gdl kjb plu{gki kj bl Z& Diftgjf{jt |zj bl nlfjul dini bj hzjul lb plu{gki kj bl Z jf blt jbjddgifjt kjb difcujti" jul kj{jungflf{j plul bl tzju{j kj zfl jxjf{zlb dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj Tlf{it& Jf{ifdjt {jfîlnit bl {lujl kj |zj ie{jfju bl nlwiuîl jf tjflki" jf dìnlul" piu|zj jf jb 5008 mleîlnit clflki blt jbjddgifjt kjb tjflki pjui fi kj dìnlul" jf{ifdjt |zjuîlnit clflu jf lnelt dìnlult w bi biculnit" ie{jfju pujtjfdgl jf kjplu{lnjf{it kjtkj jb 5008 fi mleîlnit {jfgki pujtjfdgl" gnpiu{lf{j" dini jf Eiwldì" Dzfkgflnludl" Nj{l w jt{l xj {lnegçf tj bicui jf jb 50<0& Jf{ifdjt jb pugnju plpjb hzj diiukgfldgôf pibî{gdl jf jb plu{gki kj bl Z w bzjci ngjneui kjb ding{ç jt{ul{çcgdi kj bl dlnplül jf tz pugnjul hltj w dzlfki tj {ini bl kjdgtgôf kj difhiunlu zf fzjxi j|zgpi jt{ul{çcgdi" jf{uj l kgugcgu jb ding{ç pibî{gdi djf{ulb kj bl dlnplül jf bl hltj hgflb& NP? Bgt{i" jf zf pugnju ninjf{i |zgjf dujl bl jt{ul{jcgl kj bl dlnplül9 Piu|zj tj tlej |zj mzei dini kit jt{ul{jcglt jnpjluif kj zfl nlfjul w l njkgi dlngfi {iki dlnegl& CDM? Tg" mzei dini {ujt dlnplült duji wi1 jf bl hltj < jt bl dlnplül kj bl Z lb difcujti" |zj jul bl pugnjul plu{j kj bl dlnplül kj Tlf{it pujtgkjf{j" jtl bl {zxj eloi ng ujtpiftlegbgklk dini kgujd{iu kj dlnplül" kjb difcujti 50<0" tleîlnit |zj jb pugnju {ugzfhi kj Tlf{it jul jb kîl kj blt jbjddgifjt kj difcujti" ul{ghgdlufit dini bl pugnjul hzjul pjui tgf kgtdztgôf& Bzjci xgfi zf j|zgpi gf{jculki piu |zgjf ltzngô bl kgujddgôf kj dlnplül Tlf{it pujtgkjf{j" Lbeju{i Xjbìt|zj dif bl kgujddgôf jt{ul{çcgdl kj Ozlf Njtl" |zj hzj bl pugnjul plu{j kj bl dlnplül w jb ldinplülngjf{i jt{ul{çcgdi kj diftzb{iujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit w bzjci bl {judjul w ÿb{gnl kifkj bl kgujddgôf i cjujfdgl" nìt |zj kgujddgôf bl cjujfdgl kj bl dlnplül jbjddgôf kj Uieju{i Pugj{i" bl kgujddgôf kj ding{ç pibî{gdi djf{ulb Cjunìf Dmgdl w dini jt{ul{jcl cjfjulb OO Ujfkôf&

NP? Jf |zç ninjf{i tj klf dzjf{l |zj jtl pugnjul jt{ul{jcgl fi hzj bl jhjd{gxl" ôtjl |zj {gjfjf |zj dlneglu jb uznei piu|zj tg tgczjf ltî fi xlf l diftjczgu bl xgd{iugl& CDM? Fit klnit dzjf{l piu jb jt{lki kj ìfgni kj bl dlnplül" blt jfdzjt{lt" tj pjukgô jb {ugzfhi" jb jtpîug{z kj {ugzfhi |zj tj mleîl biculki dif bl dlnplül kjb difcujti w bl dlnplül dinjfô l {iuflutj pidi ìcgb" pl|zgkçungdl" tjf{gnit |zj bl dzuxl" jti tj mleîl pjukgki" |zj jt{ìelnit jul jf kjdbgxj w dzlfki tjf{gnit jb pugnju tîf{inl ujlb kj kjdbgxj hzj |zj tj kjdgkj mldju fzjxlnjf{j zf xguloj plul bl hltj hgflb& NP? W |zgçf {inl jtj bgkjulci" dzlfki tj klf dzjf{l |zj jti jt bi |zj jt{ì idzuugjfki" jt jb dlfkgkl{i" ld{zlb pujtgkjf{j i jt lbczgjf kjb ding{ç jt{ul{çcgdi9 CDM? Tg kjb j|zgpi kj dlnplül" cjf{j kj nzdmit lüit nzw djudlfl lb pujtgkjf{j" mzei xluglt xidjt |zj difhbzwjuif" piu zf blki bl kj Tjucgi Kîl Culflkit |zj ld{zlel dini tjduj{lugi cjfjulb kjb plu{gki kj bl z w |zj lb mleju jt{lki dini tjduj{lugi cjfjulb kj bl dlnplül kjb difcujti" tj mleîl jf{julki dini hzj jb nlfjoi jt{ul{çcgdi" dini hzj jb ìfgni kj bl dlnplül w bzjci" jt{lel tiupujfkgki dini mleîl kgtngfzgki" jf{ifdjt hzj çb |zgjf tgf{gô bl pugnjul lbju{l" bl tjczfkl lbju{l tj tgf{gô jf Eici{ì dzlfki jb diiukgflkiu kj dlnplül jul Oitç Hjuflfki Elz{gt{l |zj kjdîl |zj fi jf{jfkîl piu|zj {lf{i kjtlfgni hujf{j l bl luujnj{gkl kj bl ibl xjukj |zj" |zj hlb{l kj dlpldgklk kj ujlddgôf w dini |zj hlb{lel zf pidi" njoiu diiukgfldgôf kj bl dlnplül w jf jb {jnl kj ipgfgôf fiti{uit {jfîlnit blt gfxjt{gcldgifjt kjb ldjfti xju{gcgfiti kj Nidazt w bl dlîkl kj Ozlf Nlfzjb tlf{it& Jf{ifdjt kgclnit |zj hzj zfl dinegfldgôf kj pjudjpdgôf jf jb {juujfi kj bl ujlbgklk nìt bit fÿnjuit w kgclnit |zj bit {ujt {zxgnit bl {lujl kj kjdgubj lb dlfkgkl{i" dlfkgkl{i fit jt{lnit j|zgxidlfki pikjnit pjukju blt jbjddgifjt w tj pzti jb hujfi& NP? W tlbjf bit jt{ul{jclt fiu{jlnjugdlfit9

CDM? Nlt |zj tlbgkl bi |zj tj mgi hzj gfwjd{lu dini zfl fzjxl" zfl fzjxl" zf uj kgujddgiflngjf{i jt{ul{çcgdi tgf |zj gnpbgdlul |zj flkgj tlbgjul" mzei ujiuclfgldgôf kj hzfdgifjt" jbbit tgczgjuif kj lpiwi jf blt gfxjt{gcldgifjt dzlf{g{l{gxlt w i{ult pjutiflt kjb j|zgpi tgczgjuif dif {lujlt kgt{gf{lt& NP? W jf {zt plbleult dzìb hzj bl jt{ul{jcgl clflkiul ôtjl bl dblxj9 CDM? Ôtjl piu jojnpbi Ugdluki Clbìf bi nlfkluif l i{ul {lujl l Ozlf Njtl l i{ul {lujl nìt |zj tlbgkl bi |zj tj mgi hzj gf{jf{lu dini zf uj kgujddgiflngjf{i" mzei hzj nixgngjf{it plul pikju kjolu bit jtpldgit& NP? Tg" tg fi |zj wi pjftç |zj bit tjüiujt fiu{jlnjugdlfit" pzjt tg mle îlf…&

CDM? Fi jbbit tgczgjuif xgfgjfki pj ui pzjt… NP? Tz gnpld{i fi hzj {lf…

CDM? Zfl ditl hzj dzlfki jf zfl pugnjul hltj" jbbit xgfgjuif piu jojnpbi l bl kj difcujti w fiti{uit fit ldicîlnit jf lbczflt ditlt" jf bl pugnjul hltj pujtgkjfdglb tj bjt ldicîl {iki pjui xjfîlf dlkl njt w jf bl ÿb{gnl hltj jbbit xjfîlf dlkl njt w fi tj bjt ldicgkl flkl plul ujtzngubj& Ujlbnjf{j kj bi |zj hzj dif{uixjutglb |zj jbbit tzcgugjuif |zj tg tj ldicgô hzj jb pjuhgb kjb xgdjpujtgkjf{j" tgfkgdlbgt{l tg" plul dinpbjnjf{lu l Tlf{it" pjui {ikit kjdîlnit |zj bidzul, Pjui mlw |zj ujdifidju |zj bjt hzfdgifô&

NP? W jf {zt plbleult dzlbjt dujjt |zj hzjuif bit ldgju{it w kjtldgju{it kj bl dlnplül9 CDM? Kgclnit |zj kjtpzçt kj clflu jtpldgit" zf ldgju{i hzj pugiuglu jf bl jbjddgôf kj difcujti jf dzlf{i kj bl pujtjfdgl {juug{iuglb" piu|zj lb hgflb fit difxgu{gô jf zfl dlnplül kj jt{uzd{zul" tg fi mzegçulnit tgki dlnplül kj jt{uzd{zul bl ujnj{gkl njkgì{gdl kj bit njkgit fi bl mzegçulnit pikgki dif{uiblu ôtjl bi |zj fit kgi hiu{lbjl hzj jtl jt{uzd{zul dif bl |zj mleîlnit fi{lki& \zç jt jt{uzd{zul9 Jt {jfju bîkjujt" kgugcjf{jt |zj tj diftibgklf jf {iklt blt ujcgifjt" jf {ikit bit kjplu{lnjf{it" ujdifidgkit w lpujdglkit piu tzt dinzfgklkjt& I{ui ldgju{i hzj bl dlpldgklk kjb dlfkgkl{i kj ujiugjf{lu w klu zf xguloj dif lb{i culki kj ugjtci" piu|zj mzegjul pikgki hzfdgiflu dini {lnegçf mzegjul pikgki huldltlu" tj {ini jb ugjtci piu|zj {lnegçf mleîl nzdmi jf ozjci" {idlel lblu bit eulit w mldjubj& I{ui ldgju{i jb xgdjpujtgkjf{j |zj hzj dif{uixjutglb pjui wi tgjf{i |zj hzj zf ldgju{i" i{ui ldgju{i hzj jb njftloj kj {uleloi& NP? Dujjt |zj jb njftloj tg bbjcô9 Ôtjl bit {jnlt kj bl dlnplül hzjuif dblxjt plul bl xgd{iugl9 CDM? Tî" w i{ui bl kjdgtgôf kj j|zgpi kj jt{ul{jcgl kj ujfixlubi jf bl ujd{l hgflb piu|zj jul jb j|zgpi dif jb |zj tgjnpuj mleîl {ulelolki& NP? Uj{inlu blt elfkjult kjb plu{gki w {iki jti tif hld{iujt…&

CDM? Tî" pzjt ujlbnjf{j bi |zj bl pujftl kgoi" lm w jb njftloj kj {uleloi w Zugej piu|zj hzjuif lneit ôtjl |zj fiti{uit tinit bl dif{gfzgklk kj Zugej w {iki jti&

Kjtldgju{it9 Fi |zj bit mlclf bit diftzb{iujt |zj jt{lelf lb hujf{j nìt egjf1 fi pzjt zf tibi kjtldgju{i {ul{lu kj mldju zfl dlnplül nzw gnpiu{lf{j dif zf j|zgpi jf bl pugnjul hltj kj bl dlnplül |zj jul fzjxi& NP? Bgt{i" nzdmîtgnlt culdglt Cjunìf" nzw lnlebj&

Lfj}i :& Jfdzjt{l? Gf{jftgôf kj xi{i pugnjul w tjczfkl xzjb{l1 puiebjnlt nìt gnpiu{lf{jt  piu ujtibxju w dlfkgkl{i nìt gfkgdlki plul ujtibxjubit& ujtibxjubit&

¹Dzìb jt jb pugfdgplb Puiebjnl |zj

kjej tju ujtzjb{i piu jb puô}gni Pujtgkjf{j kj Dibinegl9 Pzebgdlkl jf Nlui kj 50<0& Clbbzp Dibinegl B[KL&

Hzjf{j? Jfdzjt{l& Clbbzp Nlui 50<0&

Lfj}i 8& Pzebgdgklk kj bl dlnplül kj bl tjczfkl hltj -pugnjul plu{j' bgkjulkl piu bit ltjtiujt Fiu{jlnjugdlfit&

Hzjf{j? Kidznjf{i gf{jufi kj dlnplül& Dlnplül Gfgdglb & Gfçkg{i&

Lfj}i 3& Kidznjf{i gf{jufi kj bl dlnplül& Jbjnjf{it dift{g{z{gxit kj bl Jt{ul{jcgl jbjd{iulb&

Hzjf{j? Kidznjf{i gf{jufi kj dlnplül & Iuclfglnit blt {uiplt  — 35M & Gfçkg{i&

Lfj}i =& Ujtibzdgôf kjb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb" |zj hgol bit {ipjt kj hgflfdglngjf{i plul bl dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj 50<0& UJTIBZDGÔF Fi& 0050 KJ 50<0 -<; kj jfjui' Piu bl dzlb tj hgolf jb {ipj kj clt{it l gfxju{gu jf tzt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt piu bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl kgt{gf{it lb pujtgkjf{j w xgdjpujtgkjf{j jf jojudgdgi w tj kgd{lf i{ult kgtpitgdgifjt ujbl{gxlt l bl hgflfdgldgôf kj blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl plul jb pjuîiki dift{g{zdgiflb 50<0.50<; |zj tj ujlbgluìf jb 40 kj nlwi kj 50<0

JB DIFTJOI FLDGIFLB JBJD[IULB Jf jojudgdgi kj tzt hldzb{lkjt dift{g{zdgiflbjt w bjclbjt" jf jtpjdglb kj blt difhjugklt piu jb lu{îdzbi 58: kj bl Dift{g{zdgôf Pibî{gdl" w

D I F T G K J U L F K I? Jb lu{îdzbi <07 kj bl Dift{g{zdgôf Pibî{gdl kj Dibinegl" nikghgdlki piu jb Ld{i Bjcgtbl{gxi 0< kj 5007" jt{lebjdgô |zj ‒Jb Jt{lki difdzuuguì l bl hgflfdgldgôf pibî{gdl w jbjd{iulb kj bit Plu{gkit w

 Nixgngjf{it  Nixgngjf{it Pibî{gdit dif pjutifjuîl pjutifjuîl ozuîkgdl" ozuîkgdl" kj difhiungklk difhiungklk dif dif bl bjw&

 Blt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt jbjd{iulbjt |zj lkjblf{jf lkjblf{jf bit dlfkgkl{it dlfkgkl{it lxlblkit lxlblkit piu plu{gkit w nixgngjf{it dif Pjutifjuîl Ozuîkgdl i piu cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit" tjuìf hgflfdglklt pludglbnjf{j dif ujdzutit jt{l{lbjt&

 Bl bjw kj{jungfluì jb piudjf{loj kj xi{ldgôf fjdjtlugi plul {jfju kjujdmi l kgdml  hgflfdgldgôf&  hgflfdgldgôf&

[lnegçf tj pikuì bgng{lu jb nif{i kj bit clt{it |zj bit plu{gkit" nixgngjf{it" cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit i dlfkgkl{it pzjklf ujlbglu jf blt dlnplült

jbjd{iulbjt" ltî dini bl nì}gnl dzlf{îl kj blt dif{ugezdgifjt pugxlklt" kj ldzjuki dif bl bjw&

Zf piudjf{loj kj jt{l hgflfdgldgôf tj jf{ujcluì l plu{gkit w nixgngjf{it dif Pjutifjuîl Ozuîkgdl xgcjf{j" w l bit cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit |zj lxlbjf dlfkgkl{it" pujxglnjf{j l bl jbjddgôf" i blt diftzb{lt kj ldzjuki dif blt difkgdgifjt w clulf{îlt |zj kj{jungfj bl bjw w dif lz{iugldgôf kjb Diftjoi  Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb& Jbjd{iulb&

 Blt dlnplült plul jbjcgu Pujtgkjf{j Pujtgkjf{j kj bl Ujpÿebgdl Ujpÿebgdl kgtpifkuìf kgtpifkuìf kj lddjti l zf nì}gni kj jtpldgit pzebgdg{lugit w jtpldgit gft{g{zdgiflbjt kj ulkgi w {jbjxgtgôf dit{jlkit piu jb Jt{lki" plul l|zjbbit dlfkgkl{it kj plu{gkit" nixgngjf{it w cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit dzwl pit{zbldgôf dznpbl bit uj|zgtg{it kj tjugjklk |zj"  plul jb jhjd{i" jhjd{i" kj{jungfj kj{jungfj bl bjw&

Plul blt jbjddgifjt |zj tj djbjeujf l plu{gu kj bl xgcjfdgl kjb pujtjf{j ld{i bjcgtbl{gxi" bl xgibldgôf kj bit {ipjt nì}gnit kj hgflfdgldgôf kj blt dlnplült" kjegklnjf{j dinpuielkl" tjuì tlfdgiflkl dif bl pçukgkl kj gfxjt{gkzul i kjb dluci& Bl bjw ujcblnjf{luì bit kjnìt jhjd{it piu bl xgibldgôf kj jt{j pujdjp{i&

 Bit plu{gkit" plu{gkit" nixgngjf{it" cuzpit cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit dgzklklfit w dlfkgkl{it dlfkgkl{it kjejuìf kjejuìf ujfkgu pÿebgdlnjf{j dzjf{lt tieuj jb xibznjf" iugcjf w kjt{gfi kj tzt gfcujtit&

 Jt puimgegki l bit Plu{gkit Plu{gkit w Nixgngjf{it Nixgngjf{it Pibî{gdit w l cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit" ujdgegu hgflfdgldgôf plul dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt" kj pjutiflt fl{zulbjt i  ozuîkgdlt j}{ulfojult& j}{ulfojult& Fgfcÿf {gpi kj hgflfdgldgôf hgflfdgldgôf pugxlkl pikuì {jfju hgfjt lf{gkjniduì{gdit i l{jf{l{iugit kjb iukjf pÿebgdi„&

\zj bit gfdgtit tjczfki w {judjui kjb lu{îdzbi <; kj bl bjw <40 kj <77; kgtpifjf?

‒Fgfcÿf dlfkgkl{i l dluci kj jbjddgôf pipzblu pikuì gfxju{gu jf bl ujtpjd{gxl

dlnplül tznl |zj tieujpltj bl |zj hgoj jb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb" egjf tjl kj tz puipgi pjdzbgi" kjb kj tz hlngbgl i kj dif{ugezdgifjt kj plu{gdzblujt&&&  Blt fiunlt l |zj tj ujhgjuj jt{j lu{îdzbi tjuìf hgolklt {jfgjfki jf dzjf{l bit dit{it kj blt dlnplült" jb djfti jbjd{iulb kj blt dgudzftdugpdgifjt w bl lpuipgldgôf |zj jb  Jt{lki mlcl mlcl plul ujpifju ujpifju pludglbnjf{j pludglbnjf{j bit bit clt{it jhjd{zlkit jhjd{zlkit kzulf{j kzulf{j jbblt jbblt „&

L tz xj" bl Bjw 778 kj 500: hgoô bit xlbiujt nì}gnit |zj pzjkjf gfxju{gu bit kgt{gf{it dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl jf tzt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt1 ltî dini bit nif{it kj hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb l bl ngtnl" tz kgt{ugezdgôf kj difhiungklk lb kjt{gfi |zj kjej kìutjbj l {lbjt ujdzutit piu dlkl dlfkgkl{i1 ltî dini bit xlbiujt l pjudgegu piu ujpitgdgôf piu xi{i xìbgki& Xlbiujt jf ujbldgôf dif bit dzlbjt bl Tjf{jfdgl D.<<:4 kjb 500:" piu njkgi kj bl dzlb bl Diu{j Dift{g{zdgiflb jt{zkgô bl j}j|zgegbgklk kj {lb fiunl" tjülbô? ‒Bl dghul tjülblkl dini {ipj -kgj ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+<0&000&000&000' plul bl

 pugnjul xzjb{l" gfdbzwjfki gfdbzwjfki kjf{ui kj jbbl {lf{i bit ujdzutit ujdzutit pÿebgdit dini bit  pugxlkit" tgcfghgdl zf ujdiu{j lb nif{i nì}gni kj clt{it jf pugnjul xzjb{l |zj hzj lz{iuglki plul bl dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj 5005& Jf jhjd{i" kj difhiungklk dif bi kgtpzjt{i jf bl Ujtibzdgôf 830 kj 500<" jnlflkl kjb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb" bit {ipjt kj hgflfdgldgôf plul jtl dlnplül jf bl pugnjul xzjb{l ltdjfkgjuif l bl dghul kj dl{iudj ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+<;&000»000&000&00'&

 Ltî pzjt" bit kgj ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit |zj njfdgifl bl fiunl eloi j}lnjf dift{g{zwjf zfl tznl gfhjugiu l bl kj bl dlnplül pujtgkjfdglb kj 5005& Jt{l ujkzddgôf" l ozgdgi kj bl Diu{j" jf jb dlti kj bl dlnplül lkjblf{lkl piu jb dlfkgkl{i pujtgkjf{j eztdl dinpjftlu blt xjf{lolt |zj {gjfj |zgjf ml jojudgki kzulf{j djudl kj dzl{ui lüit bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl" w kjtkj jt{j pzf{i kj xgt{l jt zf njdlfgtni lkjdzlki plul kjtluuibblu jb bg{julb h' kjb lu{îdzbi <:5 tzpjugiu" difhiunj lb dzlb lb bjcgtblkiu jt{l{z{lugi dinpj{j ujczblu  ‒-b'l gczlbklk 

jbjd{iulb jf{uj bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl |zj ujÿflf bit uj|zgtg{it |zj kj{jungfj bl bjw„ & Jnpjui" jt{it bîng{jt fi pzjkjf tju difxju{gkit piu 

jb bjcgtblkiu jt{l{z{lugi jf ujt{ugddgifjt lpbgdlebjt {lnegçf l bit kjnìt dlfkgkl{it  pujtgkjfdglbjt  pujtgkjfdglbjt |zj fi mlf {jfgki blt ngtnlt xjf{lolt kjugxlklt kjugxlklt kjb jojudgdgi kj bl  ojhl{zul kj Jt{lki& Piu bi {lf{i" bl ujkzddgôf ujkzddgôf jf jb {ipj kj clt{it kj dlnplül fi  pzjkj j}{jfkjutj l bit kjnìt dlfkgkl{it" l bit dzlbjt tj bjt lpbgdluìf bit {ipjt kj clt{it hgolkit plul bl dlnplül gfnjkgl{lnjf{j lf{jugiu" |zj kj nlfjul pujxgl w ipiu{zfl hzjuif hgolkit plul bl pugnjul xzjb{l piu blt lz{iugklkjt dinpj{jf{jt jf bl dghul kj dl{iudj ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+<;&000»000&000&00'" njkglf{j bl dg{lkl  Ujtibzdgôf  Ujtibzdgôf 830 kj 500<& 500<&

 Jf {lb xgu{zk" jb pugnju gfdgti kjb lu{îdzbi <5 eloi j}lnjf tjuì kjdblulki j}j|zgebj j}j|zgebj jf jb jf{jfkgki tjcÿf jb dzlb dzlfki tj {ul{l kj dlfkgkl{it |zj fi tjlf jb Pujtgkjf{j kj bl Ujpÿebgdl i jb Xgdjpujtgkjf{j" jb {ipj kj clt{it kj blt dlnplült  pujtgkjfdglbjt  pujtgkjfdglbjt kjb lüi 5008" jf bl pugnjul xzjb{l" tjuì jb jt{lebjdgki jt{lebjdgki jf bl  Ujtibzdgôf  Ujtibzdgôf 830 kj 500< kjb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb plul blt jbjddgifjt jbjddgifjt kjb lüi 5005&

 Ldblul bl Diu{j |zj jt{j {ipj kj dl{iudj ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+<;&000»000&000&00' -+<;&000»000&000&00'  hgolki njkglf{j Ujtibzdgôf Ujtibzdgôf 830 kj 500< kjb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb Jbjd{iulb plul blt jbjddgifjt kjb lüi 5005" ugcj {lnegçf blt plul blt dlnplült pujtgkjfdglbjt kj 5008  kgt{gf{lt l bl kjb dlfkgkl{i pujtgkjf{j" pjui |zj tôbi tj lpbgdl l bit clt{it jf bl  pugnjul xzjb{l kj bl dlnplül1 w |zj ujtpjd{i kj jt{l tznl fi dlej bl lpbgdldgôf kj dbìztzblt kj ld{zlbgldgôf nifj{lugl„&

Dini|zgjul |zj bit xlbiujt hgolkit piu bl Ujtibzdgôf 830 kj 500< bi hzjuif jf pjtit" bit ngtnit kjejf tju ld{zlbglkit kj ldzjuki l bit dug{jugit jt{lebjdgkit jf jb lu{îdzbi <; kj bl bjw <40 kj <77;& Lb ujtpjd{i" tj {gjfj |zj kj difhiungklk dif bl gfhiunldgôf j}gt{jf{j jf bl pìcgfl sje kj bl Ujcgt{ulkzuîl Fldgiflb kjb Jt{lki Dgxgb" plul blt jbjddgifjt pujtgkjfdglbjt kj 5008" jb djfti

jbjd{iulb tj jfdif{ulel jf 58&34<&300 dgzklklfit lp{it plul xi{lu" ngjf{ult |zj plul jb 50<0" {lb dghul tj jfdzjf{ul jf 57&==5&<;3 dgzklklfit lp{it plul xi{lu" bi |zj tgcfghgdl zfl xlugldgôf kj 4&<:0&;;3 fzjxit dgzklklfit lp{it plul xi{lu" bi |zj ujpujtjf{l zf gfdujnjf{i kjb <<"3=*& Kj i{ul plu{j" w tjcÿf bl gfhiunldgôf tzngfgt{ulkl piu bl Kgujd{iul Hgflfdgjul kj bl Ujcgt{ulkzuîl Fldgiflb kjb Jt{lki Dgxgb" bit xlbiujt lpuipglkit plul jb uzeui kj Hgflfdgldgôf kj plu{gkit w Nixgngjf{it pibî{gdit plul bl xgcjfdgl 50<0 tif? Fiunlb hzfdgiflngjf{i

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Kj i{ul plu{j" jt kj tjülblu |zj bl Bjw 778 kj 500:" pujxgô zf tgt{jnl kiebj kj hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb" lb jt{lebjdju bl pitgegbgklk |zj lbczfit dlfkgkl{it" pujxgi jb bbjfi kj lbczfit uj|zgtg{it hgolkit piu bl ngtnl bjw" lddjkgjulf l hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb pujxgl" xîl lf{gdgpit" jf ulôf kj bi dzlb jt{lebjdgô tz xlbiu" ltî dini zf xlbiu kj ujpitgdgôf kghjujfdglb" kjpjfkgjfki kj tg jb dlfkgkl{i mleîl lddjkgki i fi l bit lf{gdgpit lf{jt tjülblkit&

Xlbiujt |zj kj difhiungklk dif jb lu{îdzbi <4 kj bl bjw 778 kj 500: jt njfjt{ju ujlozt{lu" plul bi dzlb kjej {jfjutj jf dzjf{l jb gfdujnjf{i kjb GPD& Kj difhiungklk l dju{ghgdldgôf j}pjkgkl piu bl Diiukgflkiul kjb Cuzpi kj Elfdi kj Kl{it kj bl Kgujddgôf kj Kghztgôf" Njudlkji w Dzb{zul Jt{lkît{gdl" kjb Kjplu{lnjf{i Lkngfgt{ul{gxi Fldgiflb kj Jt{lkît{gdlt" bl xlugldgôf kjb îfkgdj kj pujdgit lb diftzngkiu kzulf{j bit lüit 5008" 5003" 500= w 5007 ml tgki jb tgczgjf{j? Lüi

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Jf ulôf kj bi dzlb" tj mldj fjdjtlugi jhjd{zlu bit ujlozt{jt diuujtpifkgjf{jt" {jfgjfki kj pujtjf{j" |zj diuujtpifkj lb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb" kj difhiungklk l bi kgtpzjt{i jf jb lu{îdzbi 58: Tzpjugiu ujczblu" gftpjddgiflu" xgcgblu w dif{uiblu {ikl bl ld{gxgklk jbjd{iulb kj bit plu{gkit w nixgngjf{it pibî{gdit" kj bit cuzpit tgcfghgdl{gxit kj dgzklklfit" kj tzt ujpujtjf{lf{jt bjclbjt" kgujd{gxit w dlfkgkl{it&

U J T Z J B X J? LU[ÎDZBI PUGNJUI? Hîoltj jb {ipj kj clt{it l gfxju{gu jf tzt dlnplült jbjd{iulbjt piu bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl kghjujf{jt lb Pujtgkjf{j i xgdjpujtgkjf{j jf jojudgdgi" jf kgjdgtgj{j ngb ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+<3&000&000&000' plul bl pugnjul xzjb{l& Plul bl tjczfkl xzjb{l pujtgkjfdglb" tg bl mzegjuj" jb {ipj tjuì kj idmi ngb |zgfgjf{it ngbbifjt kj pjtit -+ =&:00&000&000'& Jb nif{i hgolki dini {ipj kj dlnplül dinpujfkj bl tznl{iugl" {lf{i kj bit ujdzutit lpiu{lkit piu jb Jt{lki" dini bit lpiu{lkit piu bit plu{gdzblujt&

LU[ÎDZBI TJCZFKI? Ujloÿt{ltj jb nif{i kj bit lpiu{jt jt{l{lbjt l ujdgegu l {î{zbi kj lf{gdgpi piu bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl |zj {jfclf kjujdmi l jbbi kzulf{j bl pugnjul xzjb{l" jb |zj |zjkluì jf bl tznl kj dzl{ui ngb fixjdgjf{it dzlujf{l w tgj{j ngbbifjt fixjdgjf{it {ujdj ngb tjgtdgjf{it xjgf{gtçgt pjtit -+;&7;3&7<4&858'& Kj jt{it lpiu{jt" {ujt ngb {ujtdgjf{it fixjf{l w dgfdi ngbbifjt fixjdgjf{it xjgf{gtçgt ngb fixjdgjf{it fixjf{l w fzjxj pjtit -+4&47:&858&777' tjuìf kjt{gflkit l bl hgflfdgldgôf kj bl puiplclfkl pibî{gdl kj blt dlnplült pujtgkjfdglbjt" bit ujt{lf{jt ngb |zgfgjf{it dgfdzjf{l w kit ngbbifjt kitdgjf{it idmjf{l w tjgt ngb tjgtdgjf{it xjgf{gtgj{j pjtit -+<&::5&5=8&853' tjuìf plul i{uit clt{it kj dlnplül&

LU[ÎDZBI [JUDJUI? Ujloÿt{ltj jb xlbiu |zj bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl |zj lddjklf l bl tjczfkl xzjb{l" tg bl mzegjuj" ujdgeguìf dini lf{gdgpi kj lpiu{jt jt{l{lbjt gczlbg{lugit" jb |zj tjuì kj kit ngb fixjdgjf{it tj{jf{l w zf ngbbifjt dgjf{i tj{jf{l w {ujt ngb tjgtdgjf{it xjgf{gdzl{ui pjtit -+5&73<&<34&85;'" bit dzlbjt tj kjt{gfluìf l bl hgflfdgldgôf kj bl puiplclfkl pibî{gdl jf zf dgfdzjf{l piu dgjf{i -:0*' w jb tlbki jf i{uit clt{it kj dlnplül&

LU[ÎDZBI DZLU[I? Ujloÿt{ltj jb xlbiu l ujdgegu piu bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl" |zj lddjklf l lf{gdgpit kj hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb" piu ujpitgdgôf kj xi{it" jb |zj tjuì bl tznl kj kit ngb tjtjf{l w tgjf{j pjtit dif tjtjf{l w fzjxj djf{lxit -+5&083"87' piu xi{i xìbgki kjpitg{lki& Plul bl tjczfkl xzjb{l" tg bl mzegjuj" bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl" |zj lddjklf l lf{gdgpit kj hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb" ujdgeguìf piu ujpitgdgôf kj xi{it" zfl tznl j|zgxlbjf{j l ngb {ujgf{l w {ujt pjtit dif xjgf{gdzl{ui djf{lxit -+<&044"5;' piu xi{i xìbgki kjpitg{lki&

LU[ÎDZBI \ZGF[I? Ujloÿt{ltj jb xlbiu l ujdgegu piu bit dlfkgkl{it l bl Pujtgkjfdgl kj bl Ujpÿebgdl" |zj fi lddjklf l lf{gdgpit kj hgflfdgldgôf jt{l{lb" piu ujpitgdgôf kj xi{it" jb |zj tjuì bl tznl kj dzl{ui ngb kitdgjf{it kgjdgtgj{j pjtit dif idmjf{l w dgfdi djf{lxit -+ ;&5<3"=:' piu xi{i xìbgki kjpitg{lki&

LU[ÎDZBI TJ][I? Lkxgçu{ltj |zj {lf{i jf bl pugnjul dini jf bl tjczfkl xzjb{l fi tj pikuìf j}djkju bit {ipjt kj blt dlnplült" jt{lebjdgkit jf bl pujtjf{j Ujtibzdgôf&

LU[ÎDZBI TÇP[GNI? Fgfcÿf dlfkgkl{i pikuì ujdgegu tznl tzpjugiu lb nif{i kj bi jhjd{gxlnjf{j clt{lki w lpuielki piu jb Diftjoi Fldgiflb Jbjd{iulb" njfit bit lpiu{jt kjb tjd{iu pugxlki w jb lf{gdgpi klki piu jb Jt{lki" jf dlti kj |zj mzegjul {jfgki lddjti l çb&

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