Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
8
9
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Pykbfyo lo pykbfyo gocogf vc pogo hgfygh jf bk pfywoch, poyxvf yfgobkfcjo fwzf wkwzfbh { gobo zf pvfjo fczyfnhy VW* 99 fc fmfgzk}o# fmfgzk}o# Wkbplfbfczf jh glkge HXVâ
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
7
Fwzkbhjo fbpyfcjfjoy1 Wk fwzhw ivwghcjo vc cfnogko jf bfjko zkfbpo o zkfbpo gobplfzo xvf zf pfybkzh nhchy jkcfyo poy kczfycfz jf vch bhcfyh yhpkjh { wfcgkllh w fcgkllh, jfahbf jfgkyzf xvf dhw llfnhjo hl lvnhy kcjkghjo( Fc fwzow zkfbpow, fl wvføo jf nfcfyhy jkcfyo bkfczyhw fwzhw fc zv ghwh o fc gvhlxvkfy phyzf jfl bvcjo, fw bèw yfhl xvf cvcgh# Bkfczyhw lffw fwzo, gfygh jf 9: bkllocfw jf pfywochw fc zojo fl bvcjo fwzhc nfcfyhcjo kcnyfwow jfwjf wv ghwh { jkwmyvzhc jf vch ftgflfczf ghlkjhj jf }kjh nyhgkhw h kczfycfz# Wk goczkcvhw lf{fcjo, do{ bkwbo zv zhbikfc pvfjfw wfy vco jf fllow # Hxvk zf }hbow h pyfwfczhy vc bojflo jf cfnogko xvf hiyko vc cvf}o bvcjo jf powkiklkjhjfw phyh cowozyow { wfnvyo lo dhyh phyh zk# Jf dfgdo, gvhcjo zf bowzyfbow gvhczo jkcfyo nhchbow hgzvhlbfczf hplkghcjo cvfwzyo wkwzfbh h fwzf bojflo jf cfnogkow { lo wfcgkllo xvf fw dhgfylo, powkilfbfczf co lo gyfhw# Poy fwo, hczfw jf goczkcvhy xvfyfbow jfahy hlno ikfc fc glhyo###
Cvfwzyo wkwzfbh MVCGKOCH { zfcfbow pyvfihw YFHLFW phyh jfbowzyhylo# Zf goczhyfbow bhw woiyf fwo fc vc bobfczo# Pykbfyo, jfahcow pyfwfczhycow###
Wobow Mhikhc Lowoc { Philo Lowoc, low gyfhjoyfw jf vc wkwzfbh llhbhjo Hlkhjow Flkzf#
:
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf fw vc gobplfzo { pojfyowo wkwzfbh jf cfnogkow xvf pfybkzf xvf GVHL"
XVKFY PFYWOCH, wkc zfcfy vc pyojvgzo pyopko, pvfjh nfcfyhy NYHCJFW WVBHW JF JKCFYO jfwjf wv ghwh h zyh}fw jf kczfycfz { jf moybh hvzobhzkqhjh# Wk, {h wf lo xvf fwzhw pfcwhcjo#### “Fwzf fw ozyo wkwzfbh bhnkgo phyh nhchy jkcfyo‒## }fyjhj? [ fczkfcjo xvf pkfcwfw fwo, poyxvf zojow jkgfc xvf zkfcfc vc wkwzfbh “pojfyowo‒ { zojow jkgfc wfy lh pyotkbh “nyhc opoyzvckjhj‒ phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz# Jf dfgdo, hdoyh jfifykhbow goczhyzf hlnvch zkpkgh zkpkg h dkwzoykh hgfygh jf lo poiyf xvf fyhbow hczfw { jf lo ykg ow xvf wobow hdoyh nyhgkhw h vc wkwzfbh “bhnkgo‒ xvf jfwgviykbow “ghwk poy ghwvhlkjhj‒ o hlno phyfgkjo# Pfyo co zf pyfogvpfw poyxvf co dhyfbow chjh jf fwo# Hl knvhl xvf zv, cowozyow zhbikfc dfbow lfkjo fwf zkpo jf dkwzoykhw jf “ftkzo jf lh cogdf h lh bh" øhch‒ bklfw jf }fgfw { co }hbow h hivyykzf goc vch jf fllhw# Jf dfgdo, pyoihilfbfczf fwzhyhw fwpfyhcjo xvf zf jknhbow xvf wobow mhbowow “nvyvw‒ jf kczfycfz, pfyo zhbpogo jkyfbow fwo, poyxvf lh }fyjhj ck wkxvkfyh gyfo xvf zhl gowh ftkwzh# Bkyh, dh{ xvf wfy yfhlkwzhw### Dhgf zkfbpo xvf cowozyow dhgfbow cfnogkow fc kczfycfz kczfy cfz { pojfbow hwfnvyhyzf xvf low wkwzfbhw bhnkgow phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz CO FTKWZFC# Lh ivfch cozkgkh fw xvf###
Wolo jfifw gocogfy lhw fwzyhzfnkhw { zfgckghw goyyfgzhw phyh whify xvf dhgfy, xvf co dhgfy { jocjf dhgfylo###{ fczocgfw nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz wfyh bhw mhgkl jf lo xvf ahbhw pfcwhwzf xvf mvfyh powkilf# Dhikfcjo jkgdo fwo, jfahcow hglhyhyzf hlno###
Hlkhjow Flkzf co fw vc wkwzfbh bhnkgo jfwgvikfyzo “jf lh cogdf h lh bhøhch‒, wkco xvf fw fl yf" wvlzhjo jf kc}fyzky bvgdo zkfbpo { jkcfyo fc ftpfykbfczhgkoc, pyvfihw { hchlkwkw phyh chlbfczf llfnhy h gocwfnvky FL WKWZFBH JFMKCKZK]O PHYH BHCKPVLHY [ JOBKCHY FL BOJFLO JF
CFNOGKO BHW YFCZHILF JF KCZFYCFZ, gocogkjo gobo “BHYEFZKCN JF HMKLKHJOW‒#
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
6
Wk zojh}kh co whifw lo xvf fw fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow co zf pyfogvpfw, fw bv{ wkbplf# Fw gvhcjo vc gobfygkhczf phnh gobkwkocfw poy ghjh }fczh xvf wfh yfmfykjh h wv wkzko# Fl pyogfwo jf yfmfykjow wf bhcfah h zyh}fw jf lkcew fwpfgkhlfw xvf pfybkzfc yhwzyfhy jf moybh pyfgkwh xvkfc
fw lh pfywoch xvf yfyko lh }fczh hl wkzko ~fi# Lh pfywoch o bhyefzkcfyo xvf yfyko lh }fczh wf lo gocogf gobo Hlkhjo# Fw jfgky xvf zv wolo zkfcfw xvf llf}hy }kwkzhczfw h lh phnkch jfl gobfy" gkhczf h zyh}fw jf zv lkce fwpfgkhl { poy ghjh }fczh xvf wf nfcfyf, ZV NHCHW JKCFYO $vch avnowh gobkwk÷c hlyfjfjoy jfl 60& hl ;6& jfl }hloy zozhl pyojvgzo(+# Phyfgf wkbplf co?### Lo fw(
Hxvk pvfjfw }fy hlnvchw jf lhw }fczhahw xvf jfbvfwzyhc poyxvf FL BHYEFZKCN JF HMK"
LKHJOW FW FL BFAOY BOJFLO JF CFNOGKOW XVF FTKWZF FC KCZFYCFZ1 KCZFYCFZ1
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Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Pvfjfw }fy lo MHGKL xvf fw? Poy fwo fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow nfcfyh bhw jf > ikllocfw jf jolhyfw hl høo { jfikjo h wv fcoybf pozfcgkhl, goczkcvh gyfgkfcjo høo zyhw høo# Fwzf bojflo jf cfnogko fw zhc pojfyowo xvf hlnvchw jf lhw bh{oyfw fbpyfwhw jfl bvcjo gocmâhc fc fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow phyh pozfcgkhy wvw }fczhw, { dh{ bklfw jf pfxvføhw { bfjkhchw fbpyfwhw xvf vzlklkqhc fl bhyefzkcn
jf hlkhjow zojow low jâhw phyh kbpvlwhy wvw }fczhw fc lâcfh# Hdoyh bkwbo bklfw pfywochw fwzèc nfcfyhcjo bkllocfw jf j÷lhyfw hl høo fc kcnyfwow vzklk " qhcjo fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow { zhbikfc dh{ jfgfchw jf bklfw jf pfywochw fc zojo fl bvcjo xvf zkfcfc vc ftgflfczf fwzklo jf }kjh nyhgkhw h fwzf bojflo jf cfnogko# Xvkqhw fwzfw pfcwhcjo xvf fllow pvfjfc nfcfyhy zhczo jkcfyo poyxvf zkfcfc vch bhfwzykh fc }fczhw, bhyefzkcn o hlnvc ozyo zkzvlo ozoynhjo poy lh vck}fywkjhj xvf lfw fcwføo gobo nhchy jkcfyo goc fl bhyefzkcn jf
hlkhjow### }fyjhj? Pvfw### co fw hwk( Fwzhw woc pfywochw “gobvcfw‒ gobo zv { gobo cowozyow# Co ftkwzf ckcnvch vck}fywkjhj xvf fcwføf gobo nhchy jkcfyo goc fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow# ]fyhw### lh vckgh jkmfyfcgkh xvf
ftkwzf fczyf lh nfczf xvf dhgf jkcfyo goc fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow { fl yfwzo, fw xvf lh nfczf xvf fwzh dhgkfcjo jkcfyo goc fwzf cfnogko jfgkjko zobhy hggkoc phyh hpyfcjfy xvf mvcgkoch { xvf co { wkbplfbfczf lo pvwo fc pyhgzkgh### co dh{ ozyh jkmfyfcgkh( Poy fwo, hdoyh xvfyfbow yfwpocjfyzf hlno xvf wfnvyhbfczf zf fwzfw pyfnvczhcjo jfwjf xvf gobfcqhwzf h ivwghy opoyzvckjhjfw phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz###
Lh yfwpvfwzh fw1 WK FW POWKILF( Jf dfgdo, cowozyow co zfcfbow ckcnvc zkzvlo fc bhyefzkcn o }fczhw, ck wobow mhbowow “nvyvw‒ jf kczfycfz { wkc fbihyno hgzvhlbfczf cvfwzyow cfnogkow oclkcf nfcfyhc bklfw jf jolhyfw hl bfw jf moybh hvzobhzkqhjh bkfczyhw cowozyow pojfbow phwhy bhw zkfbpo goc cvfwzyh mhbklh { jkwmyvzhy jf vc nyhc fwzklo jf }kjh#
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
>
Gobo lo dhgfbow? Df{### fwzo co fw gkfcgkh cvglfhy, wolo jfifw gocogfy xvf mvcgkoch { xvf co { fwo fw fthgzh" bfczf lo xvf zf }hbow h jfgky hxvk# ]fyhw### hgzvhlbfczf cvfwzyo wkwzfbh cow nfcfyh bklfw jf jolhyfw h lh wfbhch, pfyo dhgf vcow høow gvhcjo jfgkjkbow gobfcqhy h dhgfy cfnogkow poy kczfycfz, co whikhbow chjh woiyf gobo hybhy vc cfnogko oclkcf { bvgdo bfcow woiyf
gobo nhchy jkcfyo goc fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow# Jf dfgdo, dh{ bvgdhw gowhw xvf zhbpogo whikhbow1
Poy fwo, jfgkjkbow xvf lh bfaoy moybh phyh gocogfy lh glh}f phyh nhchy jkcfyo vzklkqhcjo fwzf bojflo jf cfnogko fyh fcgoczyhy h lh nfczf xvf {h lo fwzhih dhgkfcjo { fwzhih jkw"
pvfwzh h fcwføhylo# Wvfch lonkgo### co? Lvfno jf zobhy lh jfgkwkoc, lo wknvkfczf xvf dkgkbow mvf kc}fyzky zojo fl jkcfyo xvf pvjkbow
gocwfnvky fc gvywow, wfbkchykow { zojo zkpo jf pyojvgzow yflhgkochjow hl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow# Ihwkghbfczf xvfykhbow zfcfy fc cvfwzyo pojfy gvhlxvkfy zkpo jf ghphgkzhgkoc o kc" moybhgkoc jkwpockilf xvf cow pfybkzkfyh gocogfy low wfgyfzow jf fwzf bojflo jf cfnogkow phyh hpyo}fgdhy hl bhtkbo wv pozfcgkhl#
4
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Pfyo fl gobkfcqo mvf myvwzyhczf### Jvyhczf zojo fwf zkfbpo hpyfcjkbow bvgdhw fwzyhzfnkhw, pfyo lh }fyjhj fw xvf co zojo lo xvf hpyfcjkhbow mvcgkochih gobo wf wvpockh xvf jfifykh dhgfylo# [ cow gowzo bvgdo zkfbpo { bvgdo jkcfyo lzyhy lhw fwzyhzfnkhw xvf YFHLBFCZF mvcgkochc dhwzh xvf chlbfczf jfwgviykbow xvf wk xvfykhbow jobkchy h fwzf cfnogko, jfikhbow jobkchy 7 flfbfczow glh}fw# Jf dfgdo, cow jkbow gvfczh xvf GVHLXVKFY PFYWOCH XVF JOBKCF FWZHW 7 GLH]FW, POJYH NFCFYHY MHGKLBFCZF BKLFW JF JOLHYFW H LH WFBHCH vzklkqhcjo fl
Bhyefzkcn jf Hlkhjow
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
;
Gobo wfnvyhbfczf dhiyhw }kwzo, jobkchy fwzhw 7 glh}fw co wolo fw bv{ kbpoyzhczf wkco xvf fw }kzhl phyh jobkchy fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow# ]fyhw## fc fl zkfbpo xvf fwzhbow fc fwzf
cfnogko, dfbow }kwzo xvf lh nyhc bh{oykh jf low hlkhjow gobfzfc bvgdow fyyoyfw xvf zfybkchc hmfgzhcjo cfnhzk}hbfczf wvw ghbphøhw, pfyo xvkqhw fl bhw nyhcjf jf zojow wfh co yfgocogfy lh kbpoyzhcgkh jf fwzhw 7 glh}fw# Poy fwo, jvyhczf bvgdo zkfbpo cow fcmoghbow fc jfwhyyollhy zfgckghw { bfzojow xvf cow pfybkzkfyhc hpyo}fgdhy hl bhtkbo fl pozfcgkhl jf fwzow 7 flfbfczow glh}fw # Hdoyh co wolo gocogfbow “lh yfgfzh‒ phyh jobkchy ghjh vch jf lhw glh}fw, wkco xvf jfwgviykbow zfgckghw, zyvgow { fwzyhzfnkhw vckghw xvf cow pfybkzkfyoc opzkbkqhy hvc bhw cvfwzyhw ghbphøhw {
llf}hylhw hl wknvkfczf ck}fl# Fwzow “kcnyfjkfczfw wfgyfzow‒ cow pfybkzkfyoc wkbplkghy low pyogfwow phyh bhtkbkqhy low yfwvlzhjow jf cvfwzyhw ghbphøhw { llf}hy cvfwzyhw nhchcgkhw dhwzh ck}flfw xvf ahbhw woøhbow xvf mvfyh powkilf#
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Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
BKyh### {h lo jkakbow pfyo co cow }hbow h ghcwhy jf yfpfzkylo1 NHCHY JKCFYO FC KCZFYCFZ
CO FW HLNO JF “NVYVW‒# GVHLXVKFY PFYWOCH PVFJF DHGFYLO WK WHIF LO XVF MVCGKOCH [ LO XVF CO###FW ZHC WFCGKLLO GOBO FWO(# [ phyh gocwfnvky fwf gocogkbkfczo, wolo ftkwzfc 9 ghbkcow1
Pojykhw yfgoyyfy fl bkwbo lhyno ghbkco xvf zv}kbow xvf yfgoyyfy cowozyow# Fwzo wknckgh nhwzhy bvgdo zkfbpo { jkcfyo fc gvywow { wfbkchykow xvf zf jhyhc vc pogo jf kcmoybhgkoc poy hxvk { ozyo pogo poy hllh, pfyo co zf jhc zojo fl wkwzfbh gobplfzo# Hjfbhw, zfcjyhw xvf nhwzhy hvc bhw zkfbpo { jkcfyo fc ftpfykbfczhgkoc, pyvfihw { hchlkwkw phyh xvf jfwpvfw jf bvgdo zkfbpo ${ goc hlno jf wvfyzf+, xvkqhw pvfjhw hybhy vc wkwzfbh gobplfzo# Fw vc jvyo { lhyno ghbkco, { h pfwhy jf xvf wk lo gocwknvfw lh yfgobpfcwh fw fcoybf, ftkwzf
ozyo ghbkco bvgdo bhw wfcgkllo phyh llfnhy h low BKWBOW yfwvlzhjow### Pvfjfw zobhy vc hzhao { yfgkiky fl wkwzfbh gobplfzo xvf goczfcnh zojo fl gocogkbkfczo { lhw bfaoyfw dfyyhbkfczhw xvf cfgfwkzhw phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz HDOYH BKWBO####
wKc fwpfyhw { wkc jfboyhw# ZOJO LO XVF CFGFWKZHW PHYH NHCHY JKCFYO FC KCZFYCFZ FC VC WOLO LVNHY(
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
88
Pkfcwhlo vc wfnvcjo## ¿Gvhczhw }fgfw hlnvkfc zf dh omyfgkjo hlno gobo fwzo?
Lh yfhlkjhj fw xvf chjkf zf dh omyfgkjo hlno gobo fwzo hczfw { wfnvyhbfczf cvcgh chjkf
lo dhyh# Wk, {h wf### xvkqhw co gyfhw lo xvf zf fwzhbow jkgkfcjo, { fwo fwzh ikfc , poyxvf lh chzvyhlfqh dvbhch fw wfy gkckgow { pfcwhy “fwzo fw jfbhwkhjo ivfco phyh wfy }fyjhj‒### Avwzhbfczf poy fwo, hdoyh z f }hbow h bowzyhy vc }kjfo FC ]K]O fc fl gvhl ]O[ H KCNYFWHY H JOW JF CVFWZYHW GVFCZHW GVFCZHW JF CFNOGKOW $zfcfbow }hykhw+ phyh xvf pvfjhw }fy lo xvf fwzf wkwzfbh fwzh dhgkfcjo poy cowozyow { LO XVF PVFJF DHGFY POY ZK(
89
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
JH GLKGE PHYH ]FY FL ]KJFO
]hbow###
¿Hlnvch }fq }kwzf pyvfihw zhc WOLKJHW [ GOCWKWZFCZFW? Wfnvyo xvf co#
Jf fwzf jkyfgzoyko jf hlkhjow yfgkikbow 8 gdfxvf ghjh 9 wfbhchw### poy ghjh gvfczh( Hdoyh }hbow h bowzyhyzf hlnvcow fafbplow jf gdfxvfw xvf {h dfbow yfgkikjo#
ZV ZHBIKFC POJYKHW FWZHY YFGKIKFCJO GDFXVFW GOBO FWZOW FC BV[ POGO ZKFBPO(
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
87
Hdoyh ikfc###
Fl dfgdo jf xvf cvfwzyo wkwzfbh cow pfybkzh nhchy bvgdo jkcfyo fc kczfycfz , bhw hllh jf jhycow gyfjkiklkjhj, yfhlbfczf co wknckgh bvgdo###
Lo kbpoyzhczf fw gvhczo jkcfyo ZV pvfjfw nhchy hplkghcjo fwzf wkwzfbh# Poy fwo###
[ cowozyow zfcfbow lh yfwpvfwzh h fwh pyfnvczh###
Jf dfgdo, cow nvwzhykh bowzyhzf hlnvchw opkckocfw { yfwvlzhjow jf pfywochw xvf {h dhc jfw"
gvikfyzo fl kcgyfkilf pozfcgkhl jf Hlkhjow Flkzf1
8:
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
JH GLKGE PHYH ]FY LOW ]KJFOW
[ fwow woc wolo hlnvcow jf low gkfczow jf zfwzkbockow xvf pfywochw xvf {h gocogfc fl pojfy
jf lhw fwzyhzfnkhw xvf fcwføh Hlkhjow Flkzf# Pfyo## ¿Zojh}kh xvkfyfw bhw pyvfihw? Fczocgfw h xvk zkfcfw bhw ghwow jf ftkzo jf pfywochw xvf fwzhc vzklkqhcjo cvfwzyo wkwzfbh1
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
86
Gobo {h zf dhw jhjo gvfczh, co dh{ ckcnvch jvjh jf xvf HMKLKHJOW FLKZF MVCGKOCH { co co wolo phyh cowozyow wkco phyh gvhlxvkfy pfywoch xvf vzklkgf lhw fwzyhzfnkhw xvf fcwføh# ]fyhw, fw kbpoyzhczf xvf fczkfcjhw hlno### Hl fczyfnhyzf zojo cvfwzyo wkwzfbh, zf fwzhbow fczyfnhcjo “lhw llh}fw‒ jf vc cfnogko xvf zf pfybkzkyh nfcfyhy fcoybfw ifcfgkow, FC BV[ POGO ZKFBPO# Lkzfyhlbfczf zf fwzhyfbow jhcjo “cvfwzyh yfgfzh phyh fl ftkzo‒ { zf hgobphøhyfbow, phwo h phwo, phyh xvf pvfjhw hpyfcjfy gobo hplkghylh { nfcfyhy low bkwbow $o bfaoyfw+ yfwvl" zhjow xvf cowozyow# Jfahcow pyfwfczhyzf cvfwzyo wkwzfbh###
8=
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Fwzf wkwzfbh gocwkwzf jf 6 bojvlow goc bhw jf 89 doyhw jf }kjfo FC FWP FW PHØOL pfymfgzh" bfczf oynhckqhjow xvf zf nvkhyhc, phwo h phwo, dhwzh xvf zf goc}kfyzhw fc vc ftpfyzo
nfcfyhjoy jf jkcfyo# Goc Hlkhjow Flkzf hpyfcjfyhw1
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
8>
84
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
8;
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Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
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Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
97
9:
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
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9=
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
9>
94
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
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Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
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70
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Gobo wfnvyhbfczf {h zf dhiyhw jhjo gvfczh, co dh{ jvjhw xvf FL BHYEFZKCN JF HMK" LKHJOW FW FL BFAOY BOJFLO JF CFNOGKOW FC KCZFYCFZ { xvf Hlkhjow Flkzf fw lh wolvgkoc jfckz}h phyh hpyfcjfy h jobkchylo#
Gvhcjo jobkcfw fl bhyefzkcn jf hlkhjow, lhw nhchcgkhw wfyhc KLKBKZHJHW(
H pfwhy jf xvf pvfjhw $lkzfyhlbfczf+ gobfcqhy h nhchy jkcfyo fc lhw pyotkbhw doyhw , fwzf co fw vc gvywo jf low llhbhjow “dhnhwf ykgo jf lh cogdf h lh bhøhch‒ Wk fwzhw ivwghcjo fwo, poy mh}oy co jfwghynvfw fwzf gvywo# Fc wfyko# Fwo co fw lo xvf omyfgfbow, { phyh wfy wkcgfyow , co gocogfbow ozyh moybh jf gocwfnvkylo xvf co wfh gobpyhcjo vc ikllfzf jf lozfykh#
Pfyo, wk fwzhw ivwghcjo nfcfyhy kcnyfwow gocwzhczfw { jf moybh hvzobhzkqhjh, poy bfjko jf vc wkwzfbh wkbplf jf hplkghy, jfahcow jfgkyzf xvf zf fcgvfczyhw fc fl lvnhy kcjkghjo# Jf dfgdo, fwzhbow zhc wfnvyow xvf Hlkhjow Flkzf mvcgkoch, xvf }hbow h pyozfnfy zv gobpyh goc cvfwzyh JOILF NHYHCZKH jf whzkwmhggkoc zozhl#
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
78
FWZH FW VCH OPOYZVCKJHJ LKBKZHJH#
]fyhw### h pfwhy jf xvf kckgkhlbfczf fwzhbow lhcqhcjo Hlkhjow Flkzf poy hpfchw *8:> j÷lhyfw, fwzf pyfgko wf bhczfcjyh phyh vc cñbfyo bv{ lkbkzhjo jf gopkhw { lvfno fl pyfgko }ol}fyh hl pyfgko ogkhl jf *9;> jolhyfw # Lh }fyjhj fw xvf bklfw jf pfywochw dhc wkjo kc}kzhjhw h
}fy fwzh omfyzh { wolo vc cñbfyo bv{ lkbkzhjo jf pfywochw pojyè hggfjfy h fwzf gvywo poy fwf pyfgko# Poy lo zhczo, wk }vfl}fw h lh pènkch fc vc phy jf doyhw $o kcglvwo bkcvzow+, lo bèw pyoihilf fw xvf fl lâbkzf {h wf dh hlghcqhjo { fl pyfgko dh{h wkjo wvikjo# Wk pvfjfw lffy fwzo fw poyxvf zojh}kh pvfjfw oizfcfy fl gvywo goc fl jfwgvfczo jf lhcqhbkfczo, pfyo zf yfgobfc" jhbow xvf co —hgzvhlkgfw‛ fwzh pènkch fc ckcnñc ghwo, poyxvf dh{ vch nyhc powkiklkjhj jf xvf fl fclhgf jf jfwghynh {h dh{h wkjo ghbikhjo { fl pyfgko dh{h wvikjo# Fc ozyhw phlhiyhw, wk xvkfyfw fwzf wkwzfbh h fwf pyfgko, zfcjyèw xvf zobhy lh jfgkwk÷c hdoyh(
PHYH OYJFCHY HDOYH, JH GLKGE FC LH KBHNFC JF LH JFYFGDH
79
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
Hlkhjow Flkzf | Fl wkwzfbh bhw gobplfzo { fmfgzk}o phyh nhchy jkcfyo fc kczfycfz
77
JH GLKGE PHYH JFWGHYNHY FL GVYWO GOBPLFZO
P#J1
Yfgvfyjh xvf gvfczhw goc vch JOILF NHYHCZKH JF WHZKWMHGGKOC ZOZHL# Wk wkfczfw xvf Hlkhjow Flkzf co pvfjf h{vjhyzf h nhchy jkcfyo, o wk co fwzhw hiwolvzh "
bfczf whzkwmfgdo, co wolo zf jf}ol}fyfbow fl 800& jfl jkcfyo, wkco xvf hjfbhw pvfjfw xvfjhyzf goc zojow low iocvw $goc vc }hloy jf jfwhyyollo jf bhw jf *;#000 jolhyfw(+# Poy lo zhczo, zv gobpyh fwzh gobplfzhbfczf yfwphljhjh# LKIYF JF YKFWNO
P#P#J1 Yfgvfyjh xvf yfgkikyhw bhw jf 89 doyhw jfl fczyfchbkfczo bhw gojkgkhjo fc kczfycfz goc hiwolvzhbfczf zojo lo xvf cfgfwkzhw whify phyh bhckpvlhy { jobkchy fl bhyefzkcn
jf hlkhjow# Pyhgzkghbfczf zf fwzhbow fczyfnhcjo lhw llh}fw jf zv cfnogko#
P#P#P#J1 Cvcgh chjkf zf jko lh opoyzvckjhj jf zfcfy vc gocogkbkfczo zhc pojfyowo fc zvw bhcow { pyoihilfbfczf cvcgh lh }vfl}hw h zfcfy# Hjfbhw, jfifw whify xvf fw bv{ pyoihilf xvf whxvfbow fwzh kcmoybhgkoc bv{ pyoczo, {h xvf cvfwzyow kcnyfwow pykcgkphlfw woc nfcfyhjow plfchbfczf vzklkqhcjo vzklkq hcjo fwzf wkwzfbh { yfhlbfczf co xvfyfbow zfcfy jfbhwkh" jow gobpfzkjoyfw# Wfykh vch logvyh phyh cowozyow xvf h fwzf wkwzfbh lo powfhc jfbh" wkhjhw pfywochw# ¿Co zf phyfgf?