AB INITIO PUBLISHED 15 DESEMBER 2014 BY 2014 BY AGUSTINA RATNASARI AB INITIO 1. Tujuan 2. Memaham Memaham !a"am #e!h$u #e!h$un"an n"an %ma %ma %&m#u$a' %&m#u$a' (en"an (en"an me$&(e A) n$&. n$&. *. Men"h$un" Men"h$un" ene!" ene!" ''$em ''$em a+%a+,a! a+%a+,a! (an a+%a+ a+%a+ $anah,a! $anah,a! (en"an (en"an men""una% men""una%an an me$&(e A) n$&. 4. Men""am)a!% Men""am)a!%an an $e!)en$u% $e!)en$u%n-a n-a %a$an %a$an h-(!&"e h-(!&"en n (a+am m&+e%u+ m&+e%u+ a!. a!. 1. Te&! Da Da'a! I'$+ah A) n$&/ a(a+ah )aha'a +a$n un$u% (a! aa+/. Nama n ()e!%an %e#a(a #e!h$un"an -an" )e!a'a+ +an"'un" (a! #!n'#,#!n'# $e&!$' $an#a ma'u%n-a ma'u%n-a (a$a e%'#e!men. Se)a"an )e'a! 'aa$ n a(a+ah men"au %e #e!h$un"an #e!%!aan %uan$um me%an%. Pe!%!aan -an" ()ua$ )a'an-a #e!%!aan ma$ema$%a 'e#e!$ men""una%an )en$u% 3un"'&na+ 'e(e!hana un$u% 3un"' a$au men(a#a$%an '&+u' #e!%!aan un$u% 'e)uah #e!'amaan (3e!en'a+T#e -an" #a+n" $e!%ena+ (a! me$&(a a) n$& a(a+ah #e!h$un"an #e!h$un"an Ha!$!ee,&% H6 (en"an me$&(a #en(e%a$an me(an #u'a$ en$!a+ 3e+( a##!&7ma$&n6. In )e!a!$ )aha $&+a%an 8&u+&m)% an$a! e+e%$!&n $(a% 'ea!a '#e'3% (ma'u%%an (a+am #e!h$un"an $e$a# e3e% $&$a+ n$e!a%' %&!e+a'n-a (ma'u%%an (a+am #e!h$un"an 'e)a"a 'ua$u )e'a!an %&n'$an$. Me$&(a n me!u#a%an #e!h$un"an 9a!a'&na+ -an" )e!a!$ )aha ene!" #en(e%a$an $e!h$un" a(a+ah 'ama a$au +e)h $n"" (a!#a(a ene!" e%'a%n-a. Den"an men""una%an #en(e%a$an me(an #u'a$ n ene!" -an" (#e!&+eh (en"an #e!h$un"an H 'e+a+u +e)h $n"" (a!#a(a ene!" e%'a% (an en(e!un" #a(a ha!"a +m$ $e!$en$u -an" (nama%an H +m$. Pen(e%a$an %e(ua (a! #e!h$un"an H a(a+ah a(a+a h 3un"' "e+&m)an" ha!u' ("am)a!%an (en"an )e)e!a#a )en$u% 3un"' -an" 'e)ena!n-a han-a han-a (a#a$ (h$un" 'ea!a #a'$ un$u% )e)e!a#a ''$em -an" men"an(un" 'a$u e+e%$!&n. un"' -an" ("una%an 'e!n" 'e%a+ me!u#a%an %&m)na' 76 a$au &!)$a+ $#e Gau''ana+nea! (a! &!)$a+ $#e S+a$e! e7#, 726 -an" 'e!n" ('n"%a$ STO a$au GTO. un"' "e+&m)an"ae7#, $e!'u'un a$a' %&m)na' +nea! (a! &!)$a+ a$&m a$au -an" +e)h 'e!n" $e!ja( a(a+ah me!u#a%an %&m)na' +nea! (a! hm#unan 3un"' )a'' 3un$&n'6. Den"an #en(e%a$an n )an-a% #e!h$un"an H mem)e!%an ha'+ ene!" $e!h$un" +e)h )e'a! (a! H +m$. Hm#unan )a'' )a'' 'e$6 -an" ("una%an 'e!n" (n-a$a%an (en"an 'n"%a$an 'e#e!$ STO,*G a$au :,*1;;G<.
Sejum+ah $#e #e!h$un"an (mu+a (en"an #e!h$un"an H %emu(an (%&!e%' (en"an mema'u%%an $e!m $&+a%an an$a! e+e%$!&n -an" ('$+ah%an (en"an e3e% %&!e+a' &!!e+a$&n e33e$6. Be)e!a#a &n$&h (a! me$&(a n a(a+ah $e&! #e!$u!)a' M&e+e!,P+e''e$ MPn n men-a$a%an $n"%a$ %&!e%'6 I%a$an =a+en' Te!"ene!a+'a' Gene!a+>e( =a+ene B&n( G=B6 Me(an ?eaje%an D! Mu+$,?&n3"u!a' Mu+$,8&n3"u!a$&n' Se+3 8&n''$en e+( M8,S86 In$e!a%' ?&n3"u!a' 8&n3"u!a$&n In$e!a$&n 8I6 (an 8&u#+e( 8+u'$e! The&!- 88. Se)a"a 'ua$u %e+&m#&% me$&(a $e!'e)u$ (%ena+ (en"an #e!h$un"an $e!%&!e+a' a$au P&'$,S8. Me$&(a -an" (a#a$ men"a$a' $e!ja(n-a %e'a+ahan #e!h$un"an H (a+am 'ua$u m&+e%u+ (nama%an M&n$e 8a!+& ?uan$um @uan$um M&n$e 8a!+& @M86. A(a )e)e!a#a maam @M8 m'a+n-a 3un"' 9a!a'&na+ (33u' (an G!een. Me$&(a n )e%e!ja (en"an 3un"' "e+&m)an" $e!%&!e+a' 'ea!a e%#+'$ (an e9a+ua' n$e"!a+ nume!% men""una%an n$e"!a' M&n$e 8a!+&. Pe!h$un"an n meme!+u%an a%$u -an" #anjan" $e$a# #e!+u (n"a$ )aha me$&(a n me!u#a%an me$&(a -an" #a+n" a%u!a$ -an" (%e$ahu 'e%a!an".Me$&(a a) n$& a+$e!na$3 -an" )e!%em)an" #e'a$ #a(a (e%a(e n a(a+ah $e&! 3un"'&na+ %e!a#a$an Den'$- un$&na+ The&!- DT6. Da+am DT $&$a+ ene!" (n-a$a%an (a+am $e!m %e!a#a$an e+e%$!&n $&$a+ )u%an 'e)a"a 3un"' "e+&m)an". Da+am jen' #e!h$un"an n $e!(a#a$ #en(e%a$an ham+$&nan (an #en(e%a$an #e!n-a$aan un$u% %e!a#a$an e+e%$!&n $&$a+. S' )a% (a! me$&(a a) n$& a(a+ah me$&(a n men"ha'+%an #e!h$un"an -an" #a(a umumn-a men(e%a$ #en-e+e'aan e%'a% %a!ena 'emua jen' #en(e%a$an -an" $e+ah ()ua$ (a#a$ (an""a# u%u# %e+ 'ea!a nume!% !e+a$3 $e!ha(a# #en-e+e'aan e%'a%n-a. S' )u!u% (a! me$&(a a) n$& a(a+ah me!e%a me!u#a%an me$&(a -an" maha+/. Me$&(a n meme!+u%an %a#a'$a' -an" )e'a! #a(a a%$u &#e!a' 8PU %&m#u$e! mem&! (an !uan" #en-m#anan ('%6. Me$&(a H meme!+u%an a%$u )e!)an(n" +u!u' (en"an N #an"%a$ 4 N a(a+ah 3un"' )a'' 'ehn""a #e!h$un"an a%an )e!+#a$ 1: %a+ j%a 3un"' )a'' -an" ("una%an (ua %a+ +e)h )e'a!. Da+am #!a%$e%n-a #en-e+e'aan -an" a%u!a$ 'e%a+ han-a a%an (#e!&+eh j%a m&+e%u+ men"an(un" han-a )e)e!a#a #u+uh e+e%$!&n. Sea!a umum #e!h$un"an a) n$& mem)e!%an ha'+ %ua+$a$3 -an" 'an"a$ )a% (an (a#a$ mem)e!%an %ena%an %ea%u!a$an ha'+ %uan$$a$3 j%a m&+e%u+ -an" (%aj 'ema%n %e+.
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1. ?e'm#u+an Be$(a'a!%an ha'+ #e!&)aan a) n$& (a#a$ ('m#u+%an )aha me$&(e #e!h$un"an a) n$& mem+% a%u!a' -an" #a+n" )a% (an meme!+u%an a%$u #e!h$un"an -an" +ama 'e!$a mem)u$uh%an '#e'3%a' %&m#u$e! -an" an""h .Ene!" n$e!a%' ''$em a+%a+ a+%a $anah 6,a! ((a#a$%an (a! 'e+'h an$a!a ene!" %&m#+e%' (en"an #enjum+ahan ene!" a! (an ene!" &n #a(a ma'n",ma'n" '$em -an" (h$un".Ene!" n$e!a%' #a(a ma'n",ma'n" ''$em ,a! ,a! ,a! (an ,a! a(a+ah DATAR PUSTA?A
