villegas vs hu chong tsai pao ho

Facts: Municipal Board B oard of Manila Manila passed Ordinance No. 6537 prohibi ting alien from being empliyed or to engage or participate in any posi tion or occupation or business enumerated therein whether permanent, temporary temporary or casual without first securing an employment permit from the Mayor of Manil Manila a and paying payi ng the permit fee of P50 except persons employed i n the diplomatic dipl omatic or consular missions of foreign countries or in i n the technical assi stance programs programs of both the Philippine Phil ippine government and any foreign foreign government and those working in their thei r respective respective households and a nd members of relig religious ious sectors or congregations, sect or denomination who are paid monetarily or in kind. Private respondent Hu Chiong Tsai Pao Ho who was employed in Manila filed a petition with the CFI praying for the issuance of the writ of preliminary preli minary injunction and restraining order to stop the implementation of the Ordinance Ordinance and judgment j udgment to to declare the ordinance null nul l and void. voi d. Issue: Whether Whether the ordinance viol ates due process and equal protection protection clause? cl ause? Held: Ordinance No. 6357 is void voi d because it does not contain or sugest any standard or criterion criterion to guide the mayor in the exercise of o f the power which has been granted to him through the ordinance. the ordinance in question violates vi olates due process of law and equal equ al protection rule of Constitution. Requiring Requirin g a person before he can be employed to get a permit from the the City Ci ty of Manila who may withhold or o r refuse refuse it at will is tantamount to to denying him hi m the basic right of the the people in the Philippine Phil ippines s to engage in a means of livelihood. livel ihood. whil e it is true that that the Philippi nes as a state state is not obliged to admit aliens ali ens within its territory territory once an alien is admitted he cannot be deprived of  life without wi thout due process of law. the guarantee include the means of livel ihood. the shelter of  protection protection under the due process and equal protection protection clause clau se is given to all al l persons, both aliens and citizens