lJ Burlington Books
tie s !Vpoints2 Web Activi n b oo ks . es/vie to 11g wwtv.burl1
VIEWPOINTS For Bachillerato
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INCLUDES: •
Unit-by-unit practice material with extra reading practice
•
Vocabulary Builder
•
Exam Practice section
•
Appendices •
•
•
Student learning record Translation exercises Word lists:
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·
·
irregular verbs ph rasa I verbs prepositions
Elizabeth Grant Kevin Payne
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POINT For Bachillerato
W
0
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INCLUDES: •
Unit-by-unit practice material with extra reading practice
•
Vocabulary Builder
•
Exam Practice section
•
Appendices •
Student learning record
•
Translation exercises
•
Word lists:
·
irregular verbs
·
phrasal verbs
·
prepositions
"Elizabeth Grant Kevin Payne
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\ f [" \/\ T P OINTS _
by Eliza beth Gra n t a n d Kev i n Pay n e
for Bachillerato 2 Workbook
B u rlington Books P. O . Box 54411 3721 Li m assol Cypru s B u rl i n gton Books is a n i m pri n t o f D a nos B o o k s Ltd . M ateria l C u rricula r para Bach i l le rato, c u rso seg u n do, area de leng uas extra njeras: i n g l es, reg istrado e n todas las C o m u n i dades Aut6nomas que tienen com petencias e n materia ed ucativa y que asf lo req u ie re n . Acknowledgements: The publisher gratefully acknowledges the following for providing photographs: Associated Press: page 53 (Michelin Man); Corel: page18 (recycling bin); Digital Vision: page 10; Everett Collection, Inc.: page 7 (Jamie Oliver);© Getty Images I PhotoDisc: pages 7 (table setting), 28 (computer mouse); © Image Bank I Getty
Images: pages 9, 53 (Mr Peanut);© Matt Harding: page 26; © M.C. Escher Company: cover and page 1; © Shutterstock:
pages 4, 8 (guitar player, stack of magazines), 12 (microphone, cameras, stars), 13, 16 (leaves), 17, 20 (notebook computer, smokestacks), 21 (CD, recycling symbol), 24 (computer keyboards), 28 (stressed man with computer), 29, 32 (paints, man holding nose), 36 (elephant, monkey), 40 (family, father and son on beach), 42, 44 (men in factory, businessmen, frames), 45, 48 (bar codes, shopping bag, young shoppers), 49, 52 (bar code, sale tag, woman), 65 (town street, Times Square)
This series is compatible with the recommendations, guidelines and objectives of the Common Eu ropean Framework of Reference for Languages. All rights reserved by the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means- electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise- without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-9963-47-976-4 Copyright© 2010 Burlington Books 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
C ONTENTS
. . .... .. ........ ... . .
Grammar Rev iew
4
Fame
) )
l
16
Onl i ne World
24
Sense It
32
Fam i l ies
40
A Good B uy
48 .......
- ------�--------------------·---------;..,------�-
Vocab ulary B u i lder Exam Pract i ce t
r-rt- .. · 1s,� J.-.t . a · in\1 _
.1 '--.J' 1.
_
ng [:: ,,re:. t-ci·...<:PS � ....... _. __.r �-
.
.
..,
..
1 -,..,...__,__ ..,."..... � -....-�-"---�------· .,....,_,...,....,_,___ __,_,.__,...,. _,� ---·--· --
--------
57
79 80 82
84 Prepositions
.
-..--......_.._..._,_......... ., .......�
71
Append i ces c .1
... · · ·-�· - -·..
8
Goi ng Green
-�
.....
86
87
-
..,.-�...... ..
Grammar
Review
Present Simple and Present Continuous
P�st Simp�e, a.11d P�s.t Conti:n�9U.�-4. Write sentences using the words below. Use
the Past Sim p l e or Past Contin uous.
1 . Choose the correct answe r.
1 . you r b rot h e r I watch TV I when I you I get home I�
1 . I ' m a n g ry with W i l l i a m . I a m n ot talking I d o n't talk to h i m . 2. Listen ! My sister is sin g i n g I s i n g s i n t h e shower.
2. you I f i n i s h I t h e I E ng l ish homework I yesterday I?
3. Th is cheese tastes I is tast i n g stra n g e . 4 . A r e y o u thi n k i n g I D o y o u thi n k An n is pretty? 5. La u ra is wa l k i n g I walks to school every d ay.
3. I I n ot eat s u s h i I when I I I i n J a p a n I last yea r I. 2. Com plete the sente n ces with the correct
form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Sim pl e or Present Contin uous.
1. The sun .....
.. ..... (set) in the west
4. last yea r I S u s i e I work I i n a shop I wh i l e I study I
2. Please d o n 't d istu rb m e . 1 ..... . .........................................
(stu dy) . 3. I still
................................ (not know) the a n swer. .. ............... you a lways ........................................... ..
4. .. ...
(go) to the c i n e m a on Friday n i g hts ?
5. Compl ete the e-mail with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Sim p l e or Past Continuous.
5. We .......... ............................. ........... (have) a p i c n i c n ext
S u nd ay. 6. H ow m uch
To:
...... this p a rcel
.............................. ............... (we i g h ) ?
Dear Rob, You're lucky that you missed the 80s tribute bands
3 . Com pl ete t h e school newsletter page with
the correct fo rm of the verbs in b ra ckets. Use the Present Sim p l e or Present Contin uous.
COMING SOON ..
.
on 23rd September. S ign up now to volunteer !
. .. . . . ... .. .... . .... . . . ... . . . . ... . .. .. . ... ... . . ... ( meet) every Monday at .
(show) Up in the Air. It-+ . ......................................................
better during the concert. All of the bands ........................... .... (sound) terrible because there
lights suddenly 10· .................................................. ... (go out).
learn how to cook? Next Friday afternoon , the c h ef 6· ....................................................
(offer) a free basi c cookery l e s son to all i n terested students. Contact Mona i n the
4
.................................................... . .
while the last band 9· ....... ... . ...... . .. . ... ..... ............ . .. . . .. .. .. .. (play), the
.. ....... . ..... . . ... . ... . . .... . ...... . . . . you ..... ...................................... ( want) to
office for details .
coffee kiosks to buy a hot drink, but guess what?
was something wrong with the sound system. And
(star) George C looney.
from Angie's Restaurant
.
8.
.
5-
they finally 4· ...................................................... (let) people in, nearly everyone s . .. .. . ..... .. .. ... . ... . . .. ..... . ... . . .. .. ... . . ...... . (go) to the
(not work). Things 7· ............. .......................... ........... (not get)
8 pm. Next week, they 3· .................................................... .
*
................ (refuse)
..... . . . . . .. . . . . ... . . . .... .. . ......... .. . (snow) heavily. Then, when
The espresso machines 6
* Mark your calendar: The Film Club ..
badly.The organisers 2· .......................
to open the doors to the arena early, even though it
(participate) in the annual Community Action D ay
.
concert last night.lt 1· .... ................................................ (begin)
3·
* D on't forget ! Our school1· .................................................... ..
2·
[email protected]
..
;'Too bad I spent so much money on a ticket! See you on Friday, Gina·
tr G ra m m a r Review
?. e s e nt Perfect Simple and ;: s t Perf�ct Si�ple
Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple
=
8. Com pl ete the sentences with a t i m e expression
�ewrite the sente n ces using the words in
below.
:>rackets. Use the Present Perfect Sim p l e or
in 2004 ° already e yE•sterday neve r • ther1 • yet
;last Perfect Sim ple. Do not change the orig i n a l 11eaning o f the sente nces.
= ·-erry doesn't k now how to ride a b i cycl e . (never)
I?
•
just
1 . A: Lon do n 's one of my favou ri te cities. What do you th i n k of it?
::: dn't k n ow Dan u nt i l t h ree yea rs a g o . (for)
B: I don't kn ow. I've ... ................... ...... . .... been t here . 2. A : Do y o u wa nt t o borrow t h i s book ?
_
I?
::--1e f i n ished her work . Then she wen t to the ·-ema . (after)
=
.. ... rea d it twi ce.
B: No, tha n ks. I've ... .
3. A: Are yo u havi n g a d rivi ng l esson later today?
B: No, I had one ..
'llet Rob's n ew g i rlfrie n d for the fi rst t i m e l ast ;Jht. (before)
�
4. A: Have you a l ready been to the l i b rary?
B: No. I met J a n e for b rea kfast, and .. ......
we went to the shopp i n g centre .
d d n't see An n e at t h e school p i c n i c . S h e l eft
5 . A: H ow long h ave y o u h a d you r d o g ?
::: e fore I arrived. (by the ti me)
B: W e got h i m ................... .............. , when he w a s a
p u p py. -
Complete the passage with the correct form of
6. A: Is Lisa com i n g to visit t h i s wee ken d ? B: I 'm not s u re . S h e h a s n 't decided
the verbs in bra ckets. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Sim p l e or Past S i m ple.
7. A: Someone del ivered t h i s pa rcel for you a few
m i n utes ago. H u rry u p- open i t !
:JJring the past decade, the i ncreasing presence of
bile phones
�-
L
.
..... ...............................
B : Wa it a m i n ute . I 've ...... .. ..
... ... .... wa l ked t h ro u g h the door. I wa nt a cup of coffee fi rst !
(lead) to a rise
- public discussion related to their use . In recent years, -- :Jrchers
c
.
.............................. . . . ............
.
......
( do) studies on
9. Com p l ete the passa g e with the correct form of
:- .:1r possible health effects. And lately, many places
the verbs in bra ckets. Use the Prese nt Perfect
............................................ (make) i t i l legal to hold a phone .
; mobi les i s rude behaviour - including loud, personal _
m
ersations, and the use of phones in cinemas and
........................ ( shout) at a man i n the audience 5· .................................................
.
6· .......................... ......................
1ot s il ence) i t . And Amy A lkon, an American writer,
nee
7
......................................................
( cal l ) a man to complain
:nat hex ".................................... ... ............" ( forced) her to l i sten 1
h i s loud conversation earl ier that day i n a cafe. How . ................. . ................... she ........... ......................... ..... ( get) h i s
""hone number? He said i t loudly during h i s phone cal l , _nd M s A l kon simply
jl)\\'n .
10·
.
........ ............
............................ (invent) K l i ngon i11 tl1e early
1 980s. The complex language was an i mmediate hit w ith
:-
. hen his mobil e phone not o n ly
language? It is a language featured in many of the Star ,
D 1 rin g a play i n New York i n September 2009. the
nng) several times, but he
.... ......... you ..................... ............. ( hear) of the Kl i ngon
Trek fi lms. Marc Okrand, an American l i ngui st,
;:,taurants. Some people are starting to fight thi s .
•.
Sim p l e or Past Sim pl e .
nile driv i ng. But for many people, the biggest problem
.. .................. ( w ri te) i t
Star Trek fans. S ince then, they '
...
.........
.. . .
. . . .. . ..
(buy) over a quarter of a m i l l ion copies of the Klingon
.
dictionary that Okrand 4· In addition , they
5
.
.......
.
...........
. . ....
..
.. ...... ( write ) .
........
.
....... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ........
(estab l i sh)
K l ingon study groups, websites and fan clubs. They also 6·
. ......
.
..
.........
(publ i sh ) books and rel eased COs
on the l anguage. People who are fl uent in Kl i ngon can finally read a Kl ingon translation of the S hakespeare play
Hamlet, a project that 7
. . . (begin)
. . . ....
several years ago. They probably�- ................................................
..
(greet) that news by saying, buy' ngop. That's K l i ngon for "'That ' s great news ! "
' 5
Future Simple, be going to and Present Continuous with Future Meaning
Future Perfect Simple and Future Continuous 1 2.
1 0.
A:
Com plete the d ia logues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Futu re S i m ple, Present Cont i n uous or be going to. There m ay be more tha n one possible a nswe r. 1
.... ... .... you .. ..... ....................... . .
· · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · • · · ·· · · ·
buy not
2
.. . .
. (stu dy) for m y h i story
B: I'm n ot s u re, but h e
4 ....... ...
p robably .. . .. .... .. .. ... .. ...
.
6·
··.... (bri n g) food to the
.... . . . .. . .. .. . . ... . ... .... ..... .. . ...... .. ... . (ma ke)
e n o u g h s a n dwiches for eve ryon e . And he ..... .. ............ .......... ...................... a lso ................ .... (stop) on the way to b uy l a rge bags of crisps.
3 . I ....... . . . ..... .. .........
9
A: I d o n 't t h i n k so .
. ........... .... ....... e n o u g h by
4. By t h e e n d of the week, h e
Satu rday, he ....
....... f u r n i t u re, and o n . ............. ....................... .. ... i nto h i s
n ew flat.
.
(need) a nyth i n g else?
... i n t h e race on S u n day
beca use I t he n .
A: OK. So I 8 .............. ... .. .. ............ ... ... . ... .... ... (bri n g ) fizzy d ri n ks . B: G ood . Do y o u thin k w e
score • go
w e ... ..... ...... ....... ..... ....... ............... ........... e a c h oth e r f o r six months.
picnic o n Satu rday? B: David
•
to visit her i n th ree months' t 1 me, but by t h e n ,
. .. .. .... (pl ay) com p ute r
A: Whos .. ....... .......
prdctise • play move • not run
2. l rea l ly m iss S u e . I k n ow I .... ... ... . ..... . ....................... .............. .
ga mes with h i s b rother. -
•
M a nchester C ity.
. ..... .... (do)?
3
r1ot
........ ....................... .................... ....... in his 1 OOth g a m e f o r o u r tea m , but he hopes that at t h i s t i m e n ext yea r, h e ... .................... ........... ..... ...... .......... .. g o a l s for
exa m . A: Do you k n ow what B i l l
•
see
1 . By t h i s t i m e tomorrow n i g ht, J o h n
(see) B i l l ton i g ht? B: N o . I
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use the Future Contin uous or Future Perfect.
1 3.
Complete t h e d ia logues w i t h t h e correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use a futu re tense. T he re may be more than one possible a nswe r.
1 . A: Why does E m ma wa n t to learn French ? 11.
Write a logical continuation with the words in brackets. Use the Futu re Simple or be going to.
1 . Those a re beau t if u l earrings. (M u m I love I them)
B:
. .......... (visit) her
Sf\e . .. . . ... .
boyfrie n d 's fa m i ly i n Fra n ce i n t h e s u m m e r. 2. A: \'m sorry, but there's no more milk.
B: I n that case, I
....... (have)
tea i nstead of coffee . 2. I ca n 't wa it to move to New York !
(I I move I there I i n a few months)
3. We h ave got p lenty of t i m e. (we I n ot be I l ate)
3. A: What t i m e do you wa nt to meet tomorrow morn i ng ?
B : After ten . I . .. ............................... .............. ........... (have)
brea kfast by then . 4. A: Do you h ave p l a n s for ton i g ht?
B: Yes. I .... ... 4. Relax.
(yo u I pass I the I d rivi ng test I to morrow)
. .............. .......................... (go) to a
basketba l l g a m e with my dad. 5 . A : I s that the Golden G ate Bridge?
B: Yes, and i n a moment, we 5. Be ca refu l !
(yo u I s p i l l I the coffee)
......... .................... ............................ ...... (d rive) over it. 6. A: I'm l oo ki n g forwa rd to seein g La u ra ton i g ht . B: O h , I forgot t o tel l you . S h e
............ ... ...... .... ................................... (not come) .
� G ra m ma r Review
Com plete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
16.
- Complete the sentences with a suitable word or time expression below. long • by then � while t» never �he future • always ® when three in the morning
vv
-
. 'Je ' re b r i n g i n g S a m at ten o'clock to n i g ht. , all the g u ests wi l l have :: cclved for h i s s u rprise pa rty.
telev i sion series The Naked Che.t: he w as only 2 3
= -.e .......
ten years of cooking e xperience . S ince the series
he
.. ........................ g oes to the yoga c lass
. ................. .................. ..... .. h ave you known R ita ? D1d you cry ........ ... .......................... . ..... .......... the fi l m e n d e d ?
- .� a n is was ta l k i n g on t h e p h o n e ........................................... s h e w a s cutt i n g vegeta bles. ve .. .... . ............ .. .................. .... ... l et a n yone rea d my _o u r na l . it's p rivate . Rewrite the sentences usi n g the words i n brackets. D o not chan ge t h e ori g i n a l mea n i ng of the sentences. M a ke any necessary cha nges.
Is th1s you r first ti me in San Fra ncisco? (before) When d i d you move i nto t h i s flat? (how l o n g )
. (end) in 200 1, Ohver
watc h ed a fi l m d u ri ng the f l i g ht. (wh i le)
.... ................ (build) an i mpre�sive
business e mp ire that
5 ....
( employ ) over 2 ,000 people and i n c l udes a cook ware brand and several restaurants. And, of course. Oliver .......... ..... ..... .... (already I wri te) ten cookery books, and
7
...... ....... ....... .............. . .. ........ . .... . ... ( probably I .
. .
wri te) more i n the coming years . But more i mportantly, O l i ver 8 ·
...... . ...... ....... .. . ...... ......... . . .... . ... (use) h i s fame and .
.
.
fortune to help others and to encourage healthy eating. In 2002 , he
9
................ ........... .. .. ..... .................... (establ i sh ) the
Fifteen Foundation, which train s and employs young people i n restaurant work . Among the foundati o n ' s '·graduates" are former drug addicts a n d youth who
................. .... . . . ..
.. ....... (be ) o n c e i n trouble with
the l aw. Ol iver's 2005 television serie s about the poor qual i ty of B ri tain\ school l unch programme eventuall y 11
1
.
4
10
•
. ...................... .. ........................... . . (already I have )
2
Tuesdays beca use she l i kes the tea c h e r. .
-
.
1 ................
years o l d . B y that t ime, despite his young age,
- S1e's a n exce l lent w i n d s u rfer. I th i n k she' l l w i n 3 lot o f c h a m pionsh i p s ................. ....................... .
· 5.
hen Jamie O l i ver
(catch ) the p ublic's attention in 1 999 w ith h i s first
.'. hy was you r dog barki n g .................... .. ? :)n
=
W
... ............. ....... ....... ...... ...... . .. .... .... (1ead) t o the government .
.
.
.
.
.
.
providing m i l l ions of pounds to improve it and h i s 2008 series Jamie s Ministry qf Food used a reali ty-sho\V format
Those a re my s u n g l asses. (be l o n g )
to show how to prepare healthy meal s easil y and cheaply. M i llions of fans
_
What i s that d e l icious sme l l ? (smel ls)
..., He fi n is h ed the report o n Th u rsday n i g ht a n d h a n ded it i n o n Friday. (the n i g ht before)
12
... . ..... ........ .. .... ..... ........ .... ...... .... ( w ait) to see .
..
.
.
.
.
what he' l l do next - but with h i s h i story, there·� little doubt that it w i l l be both entertain i ng and educational .
2.
Com plete the puzzle usi n g the cl ues below.
Across .. 2. There a re so ma ny peo p l e h e re! How wi l l we
fi n d Je n ny i n t h i s .... ..... ? 4. If I were a n . .... ... .
, I
wou ld buy a n enormou s
house. 5 . I hope yo u r ......... with J o h n ny Depp ends soon !
I ' m t i red of h ea ri ng a bout h i m ! 8 . My sister met Bono, a n d got h is ......... on a C D
box. 9. I don't ca re a bout the latest fas h i o n ......... .
I wea r what I l i ke .
VOCABULARY
1 0. My father's a scientist, a n d h is .... ..... is Al bert E i nstei n . Down
1.
Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the u nderl i ned words.
1. We had such a lavish l u nch that I was
afterwa rds . a . h u n g ry b . very fu l l 2. C ol i n was a spo i l t ch i l d but, s u rp ris i n g ly, he
g rew u p to be a ve ry . ...... man . a . considerate b. self-ce ntred
3. Pri n ce C ha rles often m a kes controve rsia l statements that
a . p l ease everyon e b . ma ke s o m e peo p l e a n g ry 4. They' re a s k i n g a n o utrageous price for t h is flat.
it's .. a. very reaso n a b l e b . fa r too h i g h 5. That p o l i t i c i a n is notorious for
a. h i s m a ny love affa i rs b . i m p rov i n g t h e economy 6. She used to be q u ite wea lthy, but she's lost
a lot of ......... recently. a . money b . wei g ht
8
t
1 . There was a lot of ......... before the u n iversity e ntra n ce exa ms . 2. J a ke is p a rt of the f i l m ...... ... . H e 's a n assista nt
e l ectricia n .
3. The actor C h rist i a n B a l e got some bad ..
when a tape was rel eased of him shouti n g a t someone on a f i l m set.
6. Robert a n d h i s ... ..... fi nal ly decided on a date for
t h e i r wed d i n g . 7 . . . .... often p r i nt l ies a n d r u m o u rs about .
.
celebrities.
., U n it •
::
·
::
.... (True) or F (Fa lse) for each sentence. fa lse sentences.
5. Com p lete the sentences with a suitable
collocation. Use the correct form of the verbs take, go or catch and the words a nd ph rases below.
:et t h e
-
:::>o dy g u a rd is a perso n a l tra i n e r i n a gym.
- --o l e m o d e l is someone we a d m i re .
l::.illrld "' ror t.Jrd!1led :)j \.:'i.ith wild ... by surpnse
2 n you fool someone/ yo u trick them.
. I
·��<
eye
t h e waite(s
1 . When we ca n .. .... ................ .
r
1
l efs ask for the b i l l .
2. M ost o f u s .. ............ . ...... .......... good health
................. unti l we become i l l. -
=::"'s
of someone worsh i p that person .
3. After I wa l ked u p t h e h i l l / I had to stop to .................. ....... ........ my ............. ............. ..... ... .
- passe r-by i s someone who sel ls t h i n g s a t
4. Why a re they l ettmg t h e 1 r ch i l d re n ........ ? Theire d i sturbing
��'eet m a rkets . everyo n e . ."/hen we g o ssip/ we ta l k a bout ourselves .
-
6.
never expected to w i n t h e contest. lt rea l ly ......................... ......... me .................................... .
6.
Com plete the senten ces by add i n g a suitable suffix to the words in brackets to form nouns a n d adjectives. M a ke a ny necessary chan ges.
:::omplete the passage with the words a nd :'"'rases below. � L • r
pursue • willing instant • in the ..
ernerge<:;
•
t scouts
C.ooney has been 1 , ..... ,.. But he didn ' t c l imb
- ..1-.: t . h e was anything but a n _-
... �
a n d l ives i n a .......................... ........ (l uxury) home.
..... for years as
3
... ... .... ...... ..... ...... .... .. star.
moved to Los Angeles to begi n h i s acting career, . . ........ weren't i nterested in him. B ut he had a l ot . ............. and wa:-,
6·
........... ...... . . .. ..... .. ... ... . . to take smal l
. :ck\ i�ion shows . Success finally came i n 1 994, _. ''a:-, cast i n a new televi sion hospi tal drama. ER. �
. _
::-:r
charity eve nts for g ood ...... ... ........................ (pu b l i c).
3. She ca res a lot a b out her a n d o n ly wea rs ....
4. I n most p l aces/ ..
a re ve ry
... . (a ppea r)/
.. ........... .... (fa s h i o n ) clothes . . .......... (pol itics) ca m pa i g ns
. ... .... ............ . (expense) .
5 . There's a speci a l sales ... . .. ..... ........... ...... (promote)
t h i s week . If you buy two C Ds by the same ... .. ......... .................. .. (music)/ you get a th i rd one free.
that, C l ooney began making fi lms and became
·:1cn. he·� had to cope w ith the probl ems fame can
... (perform) often attends
2 . That ..
.. .......... to the
2· ...
I
1 . Tom is i n the ....................... ........... (enterta i n ) i ndustry/
GORGEOUS GEORGE __
. ...... and soon
5 . Jack/s d o g is / won t be a b l e to see .
6. We h a d a ............................ . . .. (del i g ht) t i m e yesterday
at the ... .. .......
....... ..... (perform).
; - ,md that i n c l udes dea l i ng w i th paparazzi , who ........... him whenever he �- .... ... . .... ... .· .
.. .. .. .. .. ... .....
.
m
Cl ooney rare ly te l l s reporters about his private l ife.
hi-. typical e legance, C looney bal ances his public and _
7.
Com plete the sentences. Ma ke them true for you .
1 . If I co u l d go a b ro ad tomorrow/ I would go to
:e li\'es better than most Hollywood stars.
2.
I
was ove rwhelm e d when
3. My fri e n ds and I som eti m es goss i p a b out 4. O n e of my ro l e m o d els i s
5 . I h a v e t o catch my b reath when I ..
· 9
GRAMMAR 1.
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Cont i n uous or Past Perfect Continuous.
1 . I'm su rprised that Lesl ey doesn't k n ow any Fre nch. How long .............. .. .. ......... ....... she
........ .... ..........
.. (l ive) in Pa ris?
2. We ... .................. .
. .... .... ............ (s l eep) for a n h o u r when we were woken by a l o u d noise.
3. S h e ......... ........ ...... .
...... (pe rform) on stage for yea rs before she a ppea red i n fi l ms .
4. The ba n d .......... ..... ..... .. .........
5. 2.
. . (record) thei r new C D for the past two months.
t h ey .......... ......... ....... .
· • · · ······• · · ·· · · · ··· · · ·
. ....... ...... (a rg ue)? They look u pset.
Complete the d ia logue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or a perfect tense (Sim ple or Cont i n uous).
Reporter: Congratulations on your Best Actress award! How
. t ...................................
.
you .................................................... (feel) when your name was announced?
Actress: I was shocked! In fact, I
2·
..... . . . .. ......... . . .. ........ ...... ... . .. ... .... ..... ... .
(want) to win
this award since I was a child, and I still don't believe I won!
Reporter:
3·
.. ... .. . ... ..... .... .. .. .... .. . .....
you ...................................................... (enjoy) the ceremony?
Actress: It was one of the best experiences of my life! And that includes talking with some of the fans who
. .... ... . .......... .... . ... ............ . .... .. . . . ... .... .. (wait) all day to watch everyone, including me, on the red carpet.
4· .
Reporter: Now, what 5· ...... .. . .. Actress: Nothing! I I
7·
I 8·
6
·
....... ....... . ..... . ..... ... .
. . .... . ...... .............. . ....... . . . .... ... ... . ....... . .
.. . ....... ..........
.............
. ... you .......................................... ....... (work) o n for the past few months? . ......... .... (relax) for these last few months! But lately,
(consider) a part in a romantic comedy. In recent years,
. ............ (do) mostly serious, dramatic roles, and I'd like to try
something different.
Reporter: We all look forward to seeing your next film!
3.
Rewrite the sentences usi n g the words i n brackets. Do not change the ori g i na l mea n i n g o f the sentences. 4. I fi n ished most of my homework. Then I went
1 . Is t h i s you r f i rst visit to a fi l m set? (eve r)
out. (after) 2. M a d o n n a beg a n perform i n g i n 1977. (si nce)
5. When d i d he sta rt to play for M a n ch ester C ity�
3. Th ey h aven't released a n ew CD for t h ree yea rs. (ago)
4.
Com plete t h e sentences with the correct form o f the verbs below. Use geru n ds or i nfin itives. One verb is used m ore than once . • vvatch
7.
(how l o n g )
•
"' a eh ieve
lil
be
Don't forget .............. .................... the You Tube clip I sent you.
2. S a l ly is eager ............... ........... ........ her stu d ies at the Roya l Acad e my of D ra matic Arts.
3. On her way to school, J essica sto pped ................................... . a bottle of water.
4. B e l i eve it or n ot, ....................... ........... wea lthy doesn't solve a l l of l ife's p ro b l e m s.
5. ................ .... ............ .. fa me i s a n i m porta n t goa l for some peo p l e.
6. I stopped ....... ......... .... .............. bottled water i n order to save money. 10
�
-
:: ..,..,plete the passage with the correct : ....... of the verbs in brackets. Use geru nds :" "'finitives. T here m ay be more than one -:: ""ect answer. ·
orking for the
mm
!Jfe�tyles and work that often takes them
� _ '.
::t"lme. many cel ebrities rely on l arge staffs
7.
U nit 1
Correct the errors.
1 . I ' m ti red of t h i s g a m e . We' re p l aying since n oon . 2. S h e was di rect i n g p lays for five years when she
dec i ded to di rect a fi l m
3. B e fa m o u s i s a l l she i s i nterested i n .
...... (take) respons ibility for a great · :.:ir lives. A lthough it may be exciting
4. I d i d n 't forget writi n g m y essay a n d h a nd i t i n
o n t i m e.
.. . . (meet) famous people. i t ' s not al ways ............ (work) for them. Some stars are -
·'for
4·
. . .. ........ . . . .. . ... . . . ........ (be ) spo i l t . which make s ..
.
5. S h e had n ever drea m ed of w i n Britain's Got Talent.
·:-cmely demanding bosses. In addi tion,
_
. ..... (work) for a celebrity often means - ) long hours and i n c l udes _
\\
6· ..
ith them - l e av i ng very little free time for
. - De-..p ite al l this, being a personal assi stant to a -
_
pro vides a way
:re o f a cel ebrity.
7·
.. ... . . .. .. ....
.
· J
_ -
and Victoria Beckha m for yea rs.
.. ............ (observe) the
=::;rite the sentences using the words in : 3 c k e t s Use gerunds or infinitives. Do not :-3nge the original meaning of the sentences. --ere may be more than one correct a nswer. ·
Translate the sentences .
1 . Ta b loids h ave been pri nti n g a rt i cles a bout David
GJI111) to thei r children can be inte resting and
- r.J _
8.
d n't t h i n k of tha n ki n g us for a l l o u r h e l p .
2. I reg ret say i n g those th i ngs to h i m .
3. We had been tryi n g to b uy concert tickets for
two h o u rs when we l ost the Inter n et connection .
4. Have you been doi n g yoga for a l o n g t i m e ?
-: - .- �"'lber)
5 . They had b e e n stu dyi n g f o r wee ks, s o they went _
_
wild when the exa ms were over.
_,sed to s i n g i n a ba nd, b u t s h e hasn't
-:: :hat for yea rs . (stopped) _
J�'t go stra i g ht h o m e . I bou g ht mil k on the stop ped)
;?
9. _
th i n k that I've eve r m et you r p a re nts .
� � i:
�--::"'lber)
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 . J i m is a n i ncredible g u ita rist ! How l o n g
. ............ he ........ ...... ...................... ............. (play) ? 2. I m iss you . I .... . ... .. .. . . .... . .... .. . .... . . . . . . ... . ......... (not see) you .
::-.- sorry to i nform you that M r S m ith d i ed last ::::<. (reg ret)
. .
for a month !
3. M a ry wa nts ........................... .
........... (jo i n ) the B l u r
fa n c l u b .
·-::: _,
d n 't h ave eaten so m uch l ast n i g ht .
:: :·::-:)
4. D i d Steve s u g g est ... ........... ..... ................... .. . ....... (meet)
for di n ner before the fi l m ? 5 . W itnesses said that p h otog ra p h ers ...................................................... (pursue) J u l i a Roberts for about five m i n u tes before she shouted at them .
11
READING 1.
look a t t he title o f t he text and th e pictu res. What do you th i n k the text is about?
Public relation s (PR ) is the busi ness of promoting a person, company, product or idea by generating media and public i n tere st. And personal publici sts to the star
2.
3.
Now read the text and check you r answer. Find words in the text that mea n :
1 . h a r m f u l (para g ra p h 2)
. ........ .......... .....
seem to have the easiest j ob in PR because "getting ink'' (receiving m edia coverage ) for celebrities i� seldom a problem. In fact not surprisingly, in thi s age
.
of tabloids, p ap arazzi,
mobile-phone cameras anc
2. not obvious (para g ra p h 2)
e s pecially the I nternet, there ' s often too much "ink"
3 p l a n ned (para g ra p h 3)
and it's not always positive or to the stars' lik ing.
4. necessa ry (pa ra g ra p h 4)
That ' s why a big part of a celebrity publici st's j ob is tc help stars respond to false, damaging or embarrassing
4.
Ch oose the correct answer.
1. When a celebrity g ets "i n k " , it m e a n s . . . .
articles and photos. This can be done directly, such a by releasing a s tatement responding to the publishec
a . t h ey've got a p ro b l e m b . t h ey receive o n ly bad p u b l icity
information. Or a more subtle approach can b e take;
c. they have got a p u b l icist d . they' re written a bout
aspects of the stars ' lives, s uch as their involvemer:
2. The Wall Street Journal . . . .
a . p u b l ished t h e fi rst p hoto of Tom C ru ise's wife
by gradually shifting atte ntion to different, positi\:: w i th charitable or social causes. In addition, some stars and their publicists have foun a way to try to control coverage and to beat the tabloi
·
b. d e n ied p u b l ishing fa ke papa razzi p i ctu res c. orc hestrated fa ke papa razzi p h otos
at their own game: they hire their own photographer
d . reported on the p h e n o m e n o n of fa ke
or give p aparazzi advance notice so they can "catch
papa razzi p h otos
a star in a supposedly pri v ate moment. The editor
c
an A m erican gos sip magazine recently estimated th ...
5. Write T (True) or F (False) for each sentence.
Find i nformation i n the text to su pport you r answers. ......... 1. S u rprisi n g ly, new tec h n o l ogy has h a d litt l e
effect on med 1a coverage o f celeb rities.
about half of the celebrity photos we see fall into th. category. According to an article in the respecte business n e w spaper,
The
Wall Street Journal, exampk
of these carefully orchestrated fake paparazzi momer. include photos of Gwyneth Paltrow leaving hospi w i th her first baby and the world's first gli mpse ofTL
. . . ... 2. A su btle response to bad p u b l i city is to i ss u e
a statement.
........ 3. Fake pa pa razzi p h otos acco u nt for about 50% of p u b l ished cel e b rity photos .
6.
Answer the question accord i ng to the text.
Why do some sta rs h i re p h otog ra ph e rs to "surprise" them in a private moment?
12
_
Crui s e w ith his wife, Katie Holmes . Of course, m an y celebrities claim not to care about their public i mage or what the tabloids print. B ut fo: those who do care, publicists are e ssential.
_
Unit
Your Task Write a for a n d agai nst essay about the adva ntages and disadvantages of celebrities pub l i cly supporting social a n d pol itica l causes. Write 1 00-·1 50 words.
:- :;ose the co rrect con nector. T here m ay be more than co rrect a nswer.
:- �
: -==::;
te I Despite thi s I In s p ite of t h e cold weather,
-:: J.r the actresses wore jackets . -
exce l l ent p u b l i c tra nsport i n New York, so you =- � n eed to h i re a ca r t h e re . However I Furtherm ore I : :he o ne ha n d, you ' l l need a ca r i n Los Angeles. -=-·-= s
-
PLANNING YOUR FOR AND AGAINST E S S AY 1.
M a ke sure you understa n d the issue.
2.
Bra i nstorm the two sides of the issue. Write a l ist of pros a n d cons.
lf
•
::::rrect the run-on sentences below. Use a ful l stop a n d :: ::apita l letter or a con nector.
'
.t..l.
�- .lJ
-
ed a l l week, I d i d n 't know a l l the a n swers i n the test.
- celebrities can i nfl u ence peopl e
buyi n g flowers for Sal ly, it's h e r b i rt h d ay today.
- a n i s s u e that a celeb rity s u pports may get more p u b l i city t h a n other i m porta n t issues that lack celeb rity s u p porters
cel e b rities h ave got access to t h e m e d i a
:h
-- s
Jke up late a n d left the house q u ickly a n d I a rrived at � =·· Jo l a n d I rea l ised it was Satu rday.
ce l e b ri ti es can h e l p ra ise money for a ca u se
·
- peo p l e may bel i eve celebrities' o p i n io n s w i t h o u t d o i n g thei r o w n resea rc h •
oi�
Complete the for a nd agai nst essay with the con nectors below.
he;
:eh
·� on the oth1:-r hand
thu
:te'-
Jle
�nt-. ita
orr
4.
Orga n ise your ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 3 a nd the pla n below t o hel p you. PLAN Open i n g : State the issue I controversy.
5rite{irt, it lwrs CI[[WCI[ys burt custol11-t?lry for : :.': jOVentwte� to provide jivtPrrteiCI[L support , some ..:_ the Cl[rts. 1· . . ;�,jple wortder whether it is time to ertd this custom.
�
·.
Body: Present a rg u ments s u pport i n g e a c h vi ew.
,-
... ............................ most people doVO:t bertefit dirutly ..:·_;m Cl[rts furtdir1!J, Cl[rtd 111-Vfrty rtever te{ke Cl[dvm-ttqge of . , _goverrtme� furtds :,tis kelp. 3· ... . .. .. ......... ..::r the Cl[rts wtee{VLS Less mortey for esse�ie{L services, .... schools, �Lth CC![ re, public tmVLSport .
r
Decide which view you support. T hen decide which of the ideas above you wi l l i nclude i n your essay.
Fu.nd�r tHe, Arts
�av�
."'M the police.
, irt cowtpe{risort with those services, ."rts furtdir1!J Cl[aou�s for ortly Cl[ sl11-t?lll portiort of the JOVerrtme� buc{get. Yet evert tlwrt Cl[mou� helps 8rite{irt to :neserve its Cl[rtistic keritqge Cl[rtd rtUrture rteW _gertemtioVLS �1 Cl[rtists. "'· . . .. . ....... ...... . . .. , Cl[rts furtdir1!J CI[Llows 111-Vfrty museums to offer free e�rCI[rtee, crwtes job opporturtities Cl[rtd helps promote tourism. .
Irt cortelusiort, 7· .. the Cl[t:9ume�s qgCI[iVLSt 3overrtme� Cl[rts furtdir1!J, I believe it should co�irtUe. The furtdir1!J provides 111-Vfrty bertefits, Cl[rtd the Cl[rts Cl[re c.rucie{L for our culture Cl[rtd society. .
A d d your o w n ideas t o t h e l ist.
3.
'furthenT1ore
r 0
th�
Look at the ideas below. Which a re pros? Which a re cons? Wh ich coul d be either a p ro or a con ?
Clos i n g : C o n c l u d e a n d state you r own Op i n iOn . 5.
Write a fi rst d raft .
6.
Use the checkl ist to check your work . Then write a final d raft.
.I I followed the pLCI[rt for Cl[ for Cl[rtd qgCI[iVLSt esse{y. .I I used Cl[ VCI[riety of coi1J1Utors of Cl[dditio11-, C.OVIiYCI[St CI[M e>(CI[wtple. .I I c.huked my _gmWtwtCI[r, spelliVl!J CI[M purtetuCI[tLO11-. .I I CI[Voided ru11--011- sevtiertees.
1
\:� - � Progress Check Unit � 111'5! • •
a •
Voc.�b_u la�y . _
1.
Grammar
.
Choose the correct a nswer.
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Conti nuous or Past Perfect Conti nuous.
4.
1. A l a rge crew I crowd I passer- by h a s been
gatheri n g a l l m o r n i n g to g reet t h e tea m when their p l a n e l a n d s .
1. Li n d a 's very t i re d . S h e .................... .................. . .
2 . The p resident emerged I p u rs ued I gossiped i n public for tn e first time since tne scandal began .
3. Some roc k g u ita rists i n the 60s a n d 70s were
( n ot get) e n o u g h sleep lately. 2. You look g reat ! ....................
.. ............... you .. ............................................................. (work o ut)?
3. They ...........
sp oilt I lavish I n otor i o u s for t h e i r d ru g use .
been my heiress I role model I fia n cee for years !
5. My fri e n d s a n d I e nj oy de bati n g controvers i al I
Rewrite the sentences usi n g the words i n brackets. Use gerunds o r i nfin itives. D o not cha n ge the ori gi nal mea n i ng of the sentences.
5.
i nsta nt I wealthy i ss u es.
Com p lete the e-ma i l b y fo rm i ng col locations with the correct form of the verbs catch, take, or go a nd the words below. a b road
1 . I d o n 't t h i n k t h at I locked the door. ( remem ber) 2. At the top of the h i l l , we p a u sed a n d a d m i red
the view. (stopped)
eve ryo n e by su r p r ise • s i ght o f
@
w i l d • a n y o n e 's e y e • a p hoto
3. D o n 't eat a n y more of the b iscu its ! (stop)
Hey S ue, You ' 11 never guess who I week. Hugh Jackman ! H e
.. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . l ast
L .. . ... . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when .
2· ....... . ..... . ... .
Com plete the sentences. Do not cha nge the ori g i na l mea n i ng of the sentences.
6.
he walked i nto the shop, but nobody 3· . . .
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Everyone acted real ly calml y. .
.
.
.
1 . I read a l l afternoo n . Then I fel l asleep on t h e
sofa .
He l ooked at a few shirts, tried not to
. ..
4·
... .. . . . .... ....
After
. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . , and then l eft. But be fore he .
did, I managed to
.
5· .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . of him w i th
2. When did you sta rt to fol l ow a vegeta r i a n d iet?
my mobile (I ' m sendi ng the picture w i th thi s e-mail ) . Now are n ' t you sony that you
6 · ...................................................
..
.
\!Yr it i �g .. ..... . ... . .. .. .... .. .. .. . .. ..
Love, Lynda
Com p lete the sentences by adding a suitable suffix to the words in brackets.
............................................. ( i m p ress) tr i cks.
d a n ce ............................................. (perform ) .
3. The you n g .......... ........................... .... ( m u s i c) a p pea red o n chat shows a s part o f a . . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. . . . . (p u b l ic ) tou r to p romote h is n ew C D . .
..
for e xa m p l e • m o reover
d e s p ite
•
such as
Sall i e Larson l oves her job,
I.
.................................... its
dangers . Thi s H o ll ywood stuntwoman has performed
2. Th i s s u m mer, t h e re a re free ........................ . . (cu lt u re) events i n the park, i n c l u d i n g a modern
.
..
Complete the passage with the con nectors below.
7.
1 . The c h i l d ren watch ed i n ....................... . . ( a m a ze) as the m a g i c i a n performed h i s
�--·-·-·-·------·--[ 14
How long . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
.
for the summer? Write soon !
3.
. ... (go out) for two
yea rs when t h ey d ecided to g et m a rried .
4. I ca n 't beli eve I ' m fi n a l ly meet i n g you ! You 've
2.
.....................
.
hundreds of difficult stunts
2 .
. . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . running .
.
through fire and jumping from a movi ng car.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . .. . , she ' s designed safety equipment.
..
3- . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
. . ... . . . .
4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
.
............
, she created new seat belt and
helmet des igns that are w i dely used during stunts.
""' U n it 1
ogress Check �
c abul 9:�Y . ....... . .. .. .. ' a tc h I to
11
,.
.. . ____
.
. . . . .
.....
__
4.
to form sentences.
- - � ..:a cts emerged : - = � ::: g r a p h e rs -
:: ��
2. When d i d you sta rt to learn ka rate ? ( h ow long)
- - - :: g ossi ped
- - :: : vvere s u rro u n ded
3. Fi rst, I ' l l go to the ba n k . Then I ' l l go shopp i n g . (after)
11 a to m e a bo u t thei r oth e r frie n d s . a
Rewrite the senten ces with the words i n brackets. D o not change t h e ori g i n a l mea n i ng of the senten ces.
1 . Don 't g ive the dog more treats . (stop)
p u rsued
ed to foo l
b . by
Grammar
4. He l isten ed to m us i c d u ri n g the f l i g h t . (wh i l e)
lot o f peo p l e .
c. the a ctor i nto h i s hote l . d . slowly, after a l o n g i n vestigation .
5.
e . me, b u t i t d i d n 't wor k .
Write a logical response with the words below. Use the correct form of the verbs.
1 . H e re a re my keys !
•
I I l oo k I for t h e m I a l l day
C h o ose the correct a nswer. Pay attention to he underl i n ed words.
: . e ry s u m me r, a s ma l l crew perfo rms on I
D u i l d s a stag e i n the pa rk.
2. it took forever !
we I wa it I for I t h ree h o u rs I when I we I f i n a l ly I see I t h e I doctor
Jon 't u nd e rsta n d yo u r i nfatuation with h i m . n y d o n 't I d o you l i ke him so m u c h ?
. ' .
- � at resta u ra nt is n otorious f o r i ts b a d I g ood = :: rvice. - -'l e pressu re from h i s p a rents ma kes Ron feel r e l a xed I nervous.
3. I got to school l ate today.
by t h e t i m e I I I wa l k i n I the teacher I h a n d o u t I the test
Com plete the blog entry by add i n g a su itable suffix to the words i n brackets.
_
- � � c e ssful sports stars appear in adverts for ........................... (expense) watches and •
.1
_ .
2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
hion) des igner clothing, and are photographed at
.
hh parties w i th famous
. . . . . . . . . . . (music)
3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .
.
Wr iti �_g _ ... 6.
- -� d actors. There are often articles about their
............................. (luxury) homes and yachts, as well _
about their occasionally
. . .
.
.. .
5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....
_ part of the 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..
.. (entertain ) business
... ....
:.'1an the sports business. Let's start to appreci ate
-.ports stars again for their 7·
.
. . . . ... . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ( amaze)
;-erformances and not for the
.
.
..
. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( publi c )
8· .
..
.
.
.
.
..
m o reover
(outrage)
""" e hav iour. It sometimes seems that they are more
...
:hey g i v e to products o r for w hat happen s i n their
Com p l ete the sentences with a su itable connector below. Wll
\Ill i n sp ite of � furtherrnore h oweve r "'
1 . A lot of peo p l e don 't l i ke h i m . ...... ............................ , I th i n k h e 's very n ice. 2.
.
. . . . . ... she's l ived h e re for ten yea rs , s h e 's
. . . . . .... ....... . ... .. .....
n ever got used to t h e col d .
3. I ' m n ot goi n g to ren t that flat. it's too sma l l . .................................... , there 's n o view.
private l i ves.
15
•
2.
The fo l lowi ng sentences don't ma ke sense. Ma ke them log i ca l by replacing the words a n d ph rases in bold with the correct word o r ph rase i n bol d from a di fferent sentence.
1 . it is h a rmfu l to b i rds and sea a n i ma l s to destroy p l asti c . ...................... .. 2. Th is factory does n 't i nha b it d a n gero u s
su bsta n ces beca use it w a s b u i lt with n ew " g reen " tech n ology. ...... .......................... ..
3. G ia n t pandas cut d own remote m o u n ta i n a reas in C h i n a .
4. I f we d o n 't ingest o u r spen d i n g , we won 't h ave a n y savi ngs l eft. ..... ........................... . .
VOCABULARY
5. M a ny scientists a re n ow m a k i n g their way to stu dyi n g the effects of c l i m ate c h a n g e . 6 . My pare nts u se u p d rivi n g i n bad weather.
1 . Com plete the ca ptions \'Jith the words below.
d e b r i <:.
pol l ution • J a r' dfl l t
•
•
I n fact, they n ever d rive when it's snowi n g .
Vd�n
7. S u sa n a n d J i m a re sti l l devoted h e re . They got
................................... out?
stuck i n traffic, b u t s h o u l d be a rrivi ng soon . 8 . Everyon e fea rs that the h u rrica n e wi l l em it
thousa nds of homes . 9 . If w e h ave t o p a y t h e DJ £400, we' l l avo i d most
2
of the b u dget a n d won 't h ave a ny money for food . ........ ........................ .
Now that the ra i n has ended, it's going to take a l ot of work to clear a l l t h i s
3.
Com plete the sentences with the words below. h a l f\.Nay
fuel
•
•
g re e n h ouse eff e ct be l l i es • voya9es
! ogg t n g • •
crops
��-
A!�lv-n l�-�17?,% � r � ���
city today beca use of the air ..... . ...................... ... .
<--
�
. - -��
__
,.
=::e::�-.--.-... ..-
4
1.
What a s h a m e that we ca n 't see m u ch of the
---
�->
---·
..," �...._ .
\
�
........_
c . -
r�
t��
:· ----..:
:...-
�-- [>.,(: <]('( :�·���--;> <;'.., l
7
-�
<
' ,..._ _ _! G:�L.··. CD
.. ........... wi l l be covered . Soo n , t h i s . We ' re goi ng to b u i l d a c l u b on top of it.
b a n ned
$
lack
h a d d riven ................. .................. to you r house when I rea l ised that I h a d n 't ta ken the ................................... . I
you had suggested . 2. The .................................... i s creati n g cl i m ate c h a n ges
w h i ch wi l l affect the types of .................... can be g rown i n reg ions of t h e worl d .
___
�--
•
s h 0 1 tcut
re n ewa b l e e n e rgy
e n v i r o n m e nta l l y f n e n d !y
3
•
. .... t h at
3. Severe ................ .................. of food for a long period of t i m e ca u ses ch i l d re n 's . ................................. to beco me very l a rg e . 4. Experts a g ree that it is ..... ..... is ..
5.
.. .......... to use
.......................... in a l l the n at i o n a l
forests here . 6 . Space ........ ------ --·--
-
- - .t
16
.. ..... req u i re a g reat dea l of
U n it : : ....., olete the passage with the words a nd : - · a ses below.
6.
� e m itted ca rbon d i o x ! d e "' cut dovvn ,1w n lTla d f:: vva ves � h a rrn f u !
2
Choose the sente nce that best fol lows the ori g i n a l .
1 . My g l asses va nished i nto thin a ir.
•
a. They were exactly where I h a d l eft the m .
£0,
b.
1
cou l d n 't fi nd them a n ywhere .
2 . H e r perso n a l i ty bro u g h t a breath o f fresh air . _ _
· : � ears, many respected scientists have
.............................. by descri b i ng terrible
'n
a. She ta l ks too m uch . b . S h e 's n ot l i ke everyon e else .
CO.,
· eo
........................ scenarios of the future _
to the office.
eo,
eo
. . eo; eo,
eo.
Earth. The only solution, they say, i s to
3. The money we ra ised is a drop i n the ocea n . a . lt was more t h a n we expected . b . W e n eed t o ra i se a lot more .
. ........................... on pollution . This would mean
the
. :1 g
4·
.
.
.
. of damagin g
...... ............. ........... ...... ........ .. ..
.
.
4. With yo u r ed u cati o n , the sky's the li m it .
. ... .. ........................... we produce. M o s t o f us, of _-
.: .
a . You ca n a c h i eve a n yt h i n g you wa nt.
don ' t even know the size of our own
b . There's a l i m it to what you ' l l be a b l e to ach i eve .
. .. .................................. . B ut a recent study of the .................... environmental i mpact of an :-�.;c B ri t i sh c i ti zen provided some i nteresting -:n.1tion . The study
8 ..
.. Jing
a . H e 's very depressed . b . H e 's easy to ta l k to.
............................... carbon
1 Jc-produc i ng act i v ities i nto 1 1 categories, - _'
5. J o h n 's very down to earth.
l e isure, h o me-energy use and commuting.
6. This p ro b l e m is the tip of the iceberg . a . I d o n 't expect there to be a ny more d ifficu lties.
-f!"ri:-.ingly, leisure activities accounted, on average,
b. I expect that we' l l soon face oth e r prob lems as wel l .
:- .tbout one-fifth of the total carbon diox i de that i s . .......................................... by each person i n B ritain. Think
- 1ut this the next time you w atch a football match in
7 . D o n 't m a ke a m o u ntain o ut of a m o l ehill . a . it's rea l ly n ot a p roblem . b . You s h o u l d be m o re con cerned .
nghtly lit stadium or go away on holiday !
8 . Po l l ution has wiped out ma ny species. 5. ·
M atch I to
11
My computer isn 't work i n g p roperly. I hope it i s n 't g o i n g to m i ssed the fi rst two lessons, b ut I th i n k I ' l l
·
a. They' re more da n gero u s .
to for m sentences.
b . They n o l o n g e r exist. 7.
Com plete the sente n ces. M a ke them true for you .
1 . O n e o f t h e loca l ly g rown cro ps is ................................
.
There's so m uc h to learn for t h i s exa m . We need to That's a g reat i dea ! I ' l l
-
2. I s h o u l d cut d own on
. .... ..........
...................... ..................................
When Lori a n d I see sad f i l ms, we
-
I ' m not ta k i n g t h e b u s h o m e . Lee sa i d he' l l Most expe rts don 't expect t h e economy to 11
3. If I cou ld take a voyage a nywh e re, I ' d l i ke to go 4 . I t h i n k it wou l d be easy for me to p i c k up ..................
..
.... a . p i c k m e u p . .... b. brea k d own .
5. The last th i n g of m i n e that bro ke down was
... c. brea k it d own i nto sections . ..... d . pick everyth i n g u p q u ickly.
6. M y worst night mare is that .................
..
...... e . u s ua l ly brea k d own at the e n d . f. bri n g it u p at t h e m eeti n g .
7. I was bro u ght up .............................
..
...... g . pick u p u nt i l early n ext yea r. 17
GRAMMAR
3.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the moda ls or moda l perfects and the verbs in brackets. Use the affirmative or negative.
1 . We ......................... .................................... (n eed I b r i n g) 1 . Choose the sentence that best fol lows the
orig inal.
2 . I ' m g o i n g to be l ate ! I ...................... ......................................
.
(sh o u l d I wa ke u p) a n h o u r a g o !
1 . You should h ave been th ere !
3. A l l these j ea n s a re on sa le, s o I
a . lt was a fa ntast i c concert .
...... . .. .... . ................ .. ........ . .... .. ... ... . ...... ( m i g h t I b uy) two pa i rs .
b . I ' m s u re you ' l l enjoy i t .
.
2. I m i g ht l eave my p h o n e at h o m e . a.
Now I ' m sorry t h a t I have n 't g ot it w i t h m e .
b.
I
d o n 't th i n k I ' l l need i t .
4 . Keith looked better w i t h l o n g e r h a i r. H e
. .............................................................. (sh o u l d I cut) it.
.. ........................... .............. (wo u l d I take) the bus,
5. I ....
3. They m i g ht have m i ssed t h e tra i n .
but it l eft as I a rrived .
a . I f they h u rry, t h ey' l l catch it.
b . If t h ey did, they' l l be o n the n ext one.
6. Lu cy's got a bad case of food poiso n i ng . The
fish at t h e resta u ra n t .. ( m u st I be) off .
4 . We cou l d h ave h e l ped them .
a . I won der why they d i d n 't a s k u s .
7 . Joe .......................... ................................... (co u l d I repa i r) my
b . I won der if th ey' l l a s k u s to h e l p . 2.
u m b re l las with u s . lt h a s n 't ra i ned at a l l toda y !
comp uter, so I ca l l ed a tec h n icia n .
Write a sentence t o describe each picture with the words be(ow. Use a moda( or moda ( perfect, affi rmative or negative. T here ma y be more than one correct a nswer.
4. Choose the correct answer.
Zero Rubbish Some peop\e
\
I
hav e t o \augh
must \augh
I
must have l aughed when Frank Schiavo decided, about
25 years ago, that he was going to try to reduce the amount of rubbi sh he produced. B ut nobody ' s l aughing
r
.
tf M a rk I l eave I t h e keys i n t h e door
these days. In fact, we now
2·
have to give
I had
to give I
must have given Schiavo credit for being one of the
first to adopt a "zero-rubb i sh " l i festyle. The former environmental studies lecturer knew long ago that one of the ways we can reduce
I could
3·
can 't reduce
I
reduce our personal carbon footprint
is to cut down on our rubbi s h . That means foll owing
3
what some environmentali sts call "the three Rs": Reduce, Recycle and Reuse. Reduce your purchases. recycle anything possible and reuse food waste to
t h ey I be I del i g h ted
m ak e compost. In addition, environmentali sts insist on repairi ng or donating i tems that you -+ can ' t recycle I shouldn ' t recycle
I could
have recycled.
Schiavo succeeded in reduci ng the amount of rubbi s h he
5 · should
have thrown
I would
have thrown
I
must have thrown i nto the b i n . After followi ng a
zero-rubbish l ifestyle for 1 6 years, a typical month 's
we I get I here I so late
worth of h i s rubbi s h a small paper bag.
18
6·
must fit
I might fit I could fit i nto
(f• U nit 2
- : � :e the sentences with the correct : " sho uld or had better, affi rmative or ; : : . e. There may be more than one correct
................ wea r that col o u r more ofte n .
_
_
h ave b e e n M a d o n n a .
3. The p resident s h o u l d has beg u n worry i n g about
.................. use a ny of my t h i n g s wh i le or I ' l l be very a n g ry.
: � at I
. .
........ ... .......................
the e n v i ron ment yea rs a g o .
eat so m uc h j u n k
te the sentences with the medals i n .: :: : ets. D o not cha n ge the ori g i na l mean i n g : ... e sentences. ·
�
�u
_.
-
:
�
5. We ' d better to g et petrol soo n .
9.
�
: = �3
4 . Wou l d h ave J a n e h e l ped you ?
got a pen for me to borrow? (ca n )
: : . :: :e r i n t h i s rive r is t o o pol l uted f o r u s to ustn 't)
;
2. I ' m n ot s u re who's s i n g i n g that son g . lt m i g h t
- -= s havi n g a h e a rt attack ! We ........ ca l l a n a m b u l a n ce i m m ed iately !
•
_
bout
ole that J eff d i d n 't receive the messa g e . ot)
( n ot h ave to)
2. Road safety s h o u l d be ta u g ht to you ng ch i l d ren
to avo i d roa d accidents .
3. You ' d bette r take t h e shortcut or you ' l l b e l ate.
:: : _J bt that story is rea l . (ca n 't)
4. You shou l d n 't h ave b ro u g ht up the s u bject of money.
mg �ive
-
C omplete the sentences. M a ke them true :::>r you . •
g
-= · :
................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. ' _. pare nts t h i n k I s h o u l d .......................................................
pri nt
.' _.
on
h he
. into
yea r, I m i g ht
Translate the sentences.
1 . O u r cou ntry m u st cut down t h e a mo u nt of energy that we use .
- - -= ·:: s no n eed for J u l i e to h e l p me cook for the _ :: -:_.
Correct the errors.
1 . I d o n 't see E m m a h ere . She m ust l eave .
; ·eat o n you .
�
�
8.
friends had bette r n ot ................................................
..
Grammar Rev iew 1111�111�!Jm
..
= ::ople my a g e ca n 't .....................................................................
5. C e l i a may h ave b roken down beca use of t h e bad n ews.
..
1 0.
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the words i n brackets.
. . llen I was you nger, my pa re nts s h o u l d h ave
1 . O u r teacher . ...................... ........................... (work) i n t h e school for t h e past 20 yea rs .
:... : weekends, I d o n 't h ave to ....... .........................
2. We ...................................................... (play) ten n (;<; for a n h o u r
.
before C a ro l j o i n e d u s . -
_ast yea r, I s h o u l d h ave ............................................................. . .
3.
......................................................
(wi n d s u rf) is a pop u l a r sport
i n A u stra l i a .
4. I ...................................................... (sh o u l d I go) o n hol iday
last month when the prices were lower. 5. Th is m i l k ...................................................... (sm e l l ) off.
l19---
• • � B�d.
READING
•
_)
Slop
J.J
Refresh
�
Home
:J
jj
Sea
.J
Media
The Environmental Costs of Being Online
1 . Read the a rti cle quickly, i g noring d iffi cult
,�
Hi�"l'
_j · Mail
•r
T here's no doubt t h at the I nternet has got env i ronmental
words. T hen answer the questions.
benefits. E-mai l s , for i nstance, save on paper. electricity
1 . What p roblem does the writer descr i b e ?
costs for processing ord i nary letters and the fuel needed
2 . What a re s o m e of the ca u ses o f the p ro b l e m ?
fewer car trips to shops. A s we i ncreas i ng l y get more
to p i ck up and del i ver them. On l i ne purchases mean
news and mu�ic onl i ne, energy costs of producing and transport i ng n ew spapers. magazines and C D s are 2.
Read the text aga i n a nd choose the best answer accord i ng to the text.
1. The i n formation tech n o logy i n d u stry . . . .
a . p ro d u ces a bout 2% l ess C 02 t h a n a i rl i nes b . generates a s i m i l a r a mo u n t of g reen house gas as a i rl 1 nes do c. e m its 2% more carbon d i oxide than the a 1 rl 1 n e i nd ustry d . creates m uc h less g reen h ouse gas t h a n the
being reduced. A nd video-conferenci ng bri ngs together people who. a few years ago. couldn't h ave met w ithout trave l l i ng l ong d i stances. But onl i ne activity itse l f has defi nitely got a carbor footpri nt. You migh t b e surpri sed to learn that, accordinf to a recent study, the i nformation technology i ndustr: em its approx i matel y 2% of the world's C02 (carbor d ioxide ) . creating about the same amount of greenhow c: ..
gases as the g l obal a i rl i ne i ndu stry.
a 1 rl i n e i n d ustry 2. Accord i n g to Eva n M i l ls, com p uter data centres . . . .
The c u lprit, of course, i s the electricity needed to run the
a . a re a mong the most energy-sav i n g faci l ities
h uge server computers of Google and other dat a c entre ,
b . con s u m e a g reat deal of energy c . don 't need a l ot of electricity d . h e l p G oog l e conserve energy
3. C o m p a red to an el ectric kettl e , a 1 5- m i n ute
which are. says researcher Evan M i l l s . "among the mo e nerg y-intensive fac i l ities i magi nable". B ut w hat does t h i s mean for the average c omputer user
Goog l e sea rc h . . . .
Esti m ates are that every 1 5 m i nutes we spend onlin�
a . u ses more en e rgy
perform ing a Googl e search or v i ew i ng web pages c�
b. creates a bout two-th i rds more C 02 c. p ro d u ces fewer g ra m s of ca rbon d ioxi d e d . g e n e rates 1 0 g more C 02
kettle. A nd players of onl i ne v i rtual-rea l it y games c .... -
generate up to I 0 g of C02• T h i s i s about two-t h i rds of tl�:< amount c reated by boi l i ng a cup of water in an e lectr. ,
u se nearly the same amount of electricity i n one year � 3.
Com plete the senten ces accord i n g to the text.
1 . By usi n g e-m a i l , we ' re a b l e to save ..... 2. The average B razi l ia n consu m es a bout the sa me
amount of e l ectricity i n a yea r as
3. Every day, more t h a n 200 m i l l ion .......................... 4.
a typical c i t i zen in Brazi l uses over the same period. With more t h an 200 m i l l ion I n ternet searches performe
_
each day, bi l l i on s of web pages being v i ewed and ne · on l i ne services such as Twi t ter gai n i ng i n popul arir. many sc ient i sh bel ieve it's t i me to find ways to cut dO\\ t h e I nternet \ envi ron mental cost.
Find words i n the text that mean :
1. th i n g s t h a t a re bou g ht
(pa ra g ra p h 1) .......... ............... ......
.
2. the ca use of a pro b l e m
(para g ra p h 3) . .. .. .. ..... ... ...... .
...
.
.
3. create
(para g ra p h 4)
20 -
� --------�--��
Your Task
ITING
Write a letter of com p l a i nt to your l ocal newspa per about the lack of sports faci l ities i n you r a rea . Write 1 00- 1 50 words.
= � a d the letter o f com pl a i nt below. Replace the - forma l lang uage in brackets with formal words and - � rases.
W RI TI NG A LETTER OF COMPL A I NT 1 . Decide what you want to say. T h i n k about
the fol lowi ng q uestions:
- What effect d oes the p ro b l e m h ave on the peo p l e i n you r com m u n ity?
11 Pickwick IZ.oC!f.d
- Why does it bother you persona l ly?
Co rshvrm
- What actions s h o u l d be ta ken ?
Wiltshire
7th MC!f.y :2010
'- ·
,,. U n it 2
2.
T h i n k of a way t o convince the reader that this problem is i m porta nt. Which of the fol lowing sentences cou l d be used in you r letter? 1 . I l i ke sport.
:..uiso �--t Murmy
2 . You n g peo p l e who p a rtici pate i n sport a re l ess l i kely to be bored a n d get i nvolved 1 n cri m e .
: -:.._·:de'v1i . :. .·. 5 oul--tds r<...u o rds _,; J ur�--t 5 treet
3. Pl ayi n g sport reg u la rly is part o f a h ea lthy l ifestyle.
4 . Tea m sports ma ke you feel p a rt of you r com m u n ity.
:-- -:_.-. r {ALLiso �--t} 1 · �
;;
:, -_[.
...................... .................. .. w ritivt3 {to teLL you C!f.bout) 2 · type of CD pC!f.ckqgiV13 used by New5oul--tds r<...uo rds.
-: be:gi�--t with, I {rurLLy do�t Like) ......................... .. ...... thvrt your compC!f.�--ty uses :- .... ·tic wrC!f.ppivt3s. Producivt3 J�Le.W plC!f.stic wC!f.stes . ... . .-tC!f.ble 11.VfturC!f.l resources.
5. B e i n g a n ath l ete ma kes you more popu l a r. 3.
PLAN Open i n g : State the p u rpose of you r l etter.
: u. a l--td, I objut to the chemicC!f.LLy-treC!f.ted type of
Body : G ive i nformation a n d deta i l s .
Closin g : Req u est I Dema n d actio n .
.'7:-er o�--t which the ivt.Serted booklets Cif. re p riJilted c ::.uruse it is uvt.SuitC!f.ble fo r ruydivt3.
:·
·. � Cif. M-Y ruord compC!f.mes Cif. re pC!f.ckqgiV13 CDs i�--t =-�per o r plC!f.stic CC!f.Ses M-V'! de of 100% ruyded .'f �v( ruydC!f.ble M-V'!teriC!f.ls. I { rurLLy thil-1.k thvrt) .... ........ .. .................... New5oul--tds to do the SC!f.WLe i�--t : r-der to reduce its CC!f.rbo �--t footpri'v11: .
.' .:=Cif.�t wC!f.it to hee!f. r from you.)
.'5 iM.Cerely,)
5· .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
10· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organ ise you r ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 1 a n d the plan below t o hel p you .
4.
Write a fi rst d raft.
5 . Use the checkl ist to check you r work .
T hen write a final d raft.
.
.
./ I foLLowed the plC!f.�--t fo r
Cif.
fo rM-V'!l letter
.
./ I used fo rM-V'!l LC!f.Vl3UC!f.3e . ./ I checked my 3rC!f.mM-V'!r, spellivt3 Cif.M
puM.CtuC!f.tio �--t. 2.
Rewrite the sentences usi ng para l lel structu res.
B uying m usic o n l i ne is cheaper t h a n to buy C Os . -
�
T i m 's scooter is n ewer t h a n t h e one Rachel has. S a m has got b l o n d h a i r, b rown eyes a n d h i s legs a re l on g .
See Writing Guide. Stuifent's Book page 141 ;;:: 2 1
�,�,o gress Check J/l\1
���"''' 'WC . .•I\l·l. ,•..
c.-...
Grammar 1 . Replace each word or expression i n bold with a su itable expression below. M a ke any necessary changes. b re a k d own
pick up
<®
•
rnake waves
c ut d own $ va n i s h i nto t h i n a i r • b r i n g u p
3.
1 . I th i n k we ....................................... . ........... (ask) Lyn ne for
h e l p . She knows a lot a bo u t com p uters .
1 . S h e learned p h otog ra phy o n h e r own , without
a ny forma l tra i n i n g . ..................................................... .
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of a modal or modal perfect and the verbs i n brackets. T he re may b e more t h a n o n e correct a nswer.
2. S h e ...................................................... (prepa re) so m uch
2. M a ny people cou l d easi ly decrease the a mo u n t
o f water they u s e . ..................................................... .
food . N obody was very h u n g ry. 3 . I . .. ... ............................................. (ca l l) you soo n e r, b ut I was .
3 . W h e n t h e b o y s a w h i s i nj u red p u ppy, h e beg a n
to cry . ..................................................... . 4 . I d o n 't wa n t to ca u se problems, so I wo n 't
com p la i n . ........................................... .......... .
.
.
b usy. 4 . .................................... I .................................... ( h ave) some water,
p l ease? 5 . .............................. . ... . you .................................... (l i ke) to join us? .
5 . The s uspect seemed to disa p pear wh i l e the
pol i ce were chasi ng him . ..................................................... . 6 . Why d i d you sta rt to talk a bo ut my pa rty i n front of D o n n a ? I asked you not to !
6 . Nobody ...................................................... (pred i ct) h i s reaction . H e rea l ly s u rprised u s . 4 . Write sentences with t h e words below. Use the correct form of should or had better.
1 . I d o n 't t h i n k E l l e n l oo ks good with short h a i r.
S h e I l et I her h a i r I g row I l o n g I a g a i n
2. Com pl ete the passage with the words and expressions below. carbo n footp r i nt
*
be l l i es
a d ro p i n t h e o ce a n
Ill
•
am o u nt
2. You ' l l fa i l the cou rse u n l ess y o u fi n is h the p roj ect
re n ewab l e e ne rgy
on t i m e .
fuel • e n v i ro n m e n tal ly-fri e n d l y
W e I work I on I it I today
People w h o work out a t Central G y m i n
3. Davi d 's n ot fee l i ng wel l .
Hong Kong are not only trimming fat from their
L
H e I g o I out I ton i g h t
............. . ....................... . .... ........... , they' re also a .
source of 2·
. ........ ......................................... that helps ..
provi de power to the gym. Special ly-designed exerc i se machines capture the electrical energy produced by exerci sers, which then becomes �-
............. .............. .... ................... to power the l i ghts above .
..
.
5 . Rewrite t h e senten ce below usi ng forma l
language. There m ay b e more t h a n one correct a nswer.
the machines. Excess energy is stored in a battery. Of course, the
4·
.. . .. . . . .................... ... . .... . ... . .. .. ...... . .. of energy
that's created b y these workouts i s only
6·
5· .............. .......................................
I rea l ly th i n k you 've got to do somet h i n g rea l ly
.
fast to solve t h is p roblem .
.... . .................... . ...... . . .................. compared ..
to the amount of electric i ty the gym uses. B ut researchers hope that eventual ly, h uman-powered energy w i l l be much more widely and effi ci en tl y captured and used. So, w h at could be better than i ncreasing your fitness while reducing your 7
. ... ... . ....... ........................ . ............ ? .
..
6.
Rewrite the senten ce usi ng para l l e l structu res.
Recycl i n g p l asti c is better t h a n to p u t it i n l a n dfi l l s .
�· U n it 2
�o gress Check l:llj [.
Grammar
-o c ab u l ar y_ . . . : Jmplete the passage with the words below. on • trend •
"
wea lthy
o
h a r rnfu l
lav1sh • p u b l i city • the sky's the l i m it
3.
Rewrite th e sentences usi ng th e correct form of the words i n brackets. Do not cha nge the ori g i n a l mea n i ng of the sentences.
1 . I ' m s u re that S a m is d isappoi nted . ( m u st)
. .. ........ .... actors, such as George Clooney � (mardo D iCaprio, or rich busi nessmen like the ��
r-.. of Google,
�
. . . . .. . . . ... . ... .. . . . . ....... . . . . . . when it comes to
; a car. There ' s certainly no •
:
of " .. .
..
.
. of
3 · . . . ... . .. ....... . . ...... . .. . . . . .
. ......... vehicles, e ither. B ut recently.
.1.l made an i nterest i ng choice of a new car when
_
t.
2. I reg ret n ot b ri n g i n g my i Pod with m e . (sho u l d )
3 . Jeff p l a n n ed t o a rrive ea rl ier, b u t there was a lot of traffic . (wou l d )
e re among the first purchasers of the Tesla
, :er - a new electric sports car made by a small,
4 . Th i s is h is f i rst tea c h i n g job. ( before)
- :ndent manufacturer. This battery-powered
_
.
:: produces far less
5
... . .... . .... . .... . ...... . ..... .. . than an
- '1 c1r: petrol-powered car, and has much less of a
5. When d i d you fi rst beg i n to stu dy e nvi ron menta l sci e n ce h ere ? ( h ow l o n g )
. .. effect on the environment. With a price -: -
; over $ 1 00,000. i t ' s unlikely that the Tesla will 1.e a w i despread
_ _
- -
�
.... . ........ . . . . . ... . .. .. . . ... . However, i ts
·-rit : owners certainly create good
�
...
7· .
6 . S i r, parki n g i s n 't a l lowed h ere. ( h a d better)
x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .
lec tric cars i n general .
Write T (True) or F (Fa lse) for each sentence. C o rrect the fa lse sentences.
When you i n gest someth i n g , you th row it away. 2. When you emerge, you ca n 't be see n .
4. Com p lete the sentences with a log ica l end i n g . Pay attention t o t h e words i n bold.
1 . Dave l i kes to watch TV and ....... ....... ...... .............. ..
2. There a re m a ny ways to conserve water. For i n sta n ce, we ......................... . .
3 . W h e n you a re will i n g , you offer or a g ree to
4.
someth i n g .
3 . I h ave to t i dy my roo m every week . In a d d it i o n , I have t o . ............. ............. . .
W h e n you i n h a b it a p l a ce, you visit it.
4 . Sa l ly especi a l l y l i kes B ritish ba n ds s u c h as .......... ..
5. When you p u rsue somet h i n g , you fol l ow it.
o.
When someth i n g i s a breath of fresh a ir, it's good for the envi ron ment.
5. F l y i n g in a p l a n e is faster than ...... 6 . The service at t h is resta u ra nt is tem b l e . H owever,
i
I
l ..
r
.. ..
1L 2 3
2.
Com plete th e ca ptions with th e verbs below. ex pose
l a u n ch • cra w l
•
•
I E'an
•
crash
VOCABULARY 1 . Match I to 1 1 to form sentences.
1 . I ' m s u re that Ben h a s read my e-ma i ls 2. J a ke h a d a problem with the co m p u ter this morn i n g ,
3 . I k n ow yo u ' re u pset beca use
3
O h , n o ! Plea se, pl ease don 't ...................... .. n ow ! My re port 's d u e in the morn i n g !
4 . H e was re l i eved 5. H e ta u g ht me h ow to keep my co m p uter safe 6. Yo u h ave to e nter a passwo rd
7 . O h , no ! What a m I g o i n g to do? T h i s message says 8. H e f i n a l l y tu rn ed off the television 11
......... a . when you l o g o nto th is website .
4
Ou r market research shows that the time is
......... b . yo u r job i ntervi ew d i d n 't turn o ut we l l .
right to ............ .
......... c . a n d h e l ped m e t i dy u p the flat.
the new TOP phone .
......... d. even though h e 's den ied it. ......... e . that he had n 't accidenta l ly deleted h i s work . ......... f. t h at a l l my fi les h ave been perm a n ently rem oved . ......... g . b ut he restarted it a n d eve ryth i n g 's fine n ow.
5
'\
\
I
Please d o n 't .... .............................. on my ca r.
......... h . a n d prevent oth e r people fro m see i n g what's o n it . '
24
!"'' U nit 3 : - :) ete the d i a log ue with the words a n d ... :: s e s below.
5.
•
ava i l a b l e
.wi
g oog i e
ll'
user-f r i e 11 d ! y
�an: ·
".
· . _ __
2 . A lot of ........ ........................... h i g h-tech executives have expe ns ive homes i n t h is n e i g h bou r h ood .
\1ay I help you ?
to be lightweight and
I . ............. ....................... ,
,e I want to be abl e to take it to cafe s .
a n : I think y o u should con sider a netbook.
3 . We h ave seve ral ............ ...................... topics to d i scuss, but the m ost u rgent i s the book fa i r. 4. I ca n see eve ry deta i l of the bee i n the ........... ....................... 6.
- - � · �1 1 ::- i f you're going t o u s e i t mainly t o go . . .............. to
.
. ................
3·
. ..
...............
people or v i sit
� -
-
.\
_ _
5·
..........
..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
that are all smaller,
· re also very
6·
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
N o u ns: • your password
an atta c h ment • a song •
� enter
c i g h and cost l e s s than a typical laptop.
*> forwa r d
- there's nothing
• •
. -- p ! i c ated to learn . Just turn it o n and you can ... ..... ............ the I nterne t w herever there ' s a .,. -: , c .., '> ·
Do netbooks come with
:- n :
.
OK. A netbook sounds perfect. Let me see
�n :
-..i � you ' ve got . . . .
-
: : ""' p a ny's fleet. -� 2
O lympic at h l etes entered the sta d i u m ,
:. e a rin g I ca rrying po les with the flags of the i r
: : .. ntries. -
=:c
safety, a fence was b u i lt over I a ro u n d the
: ::; o l . -
- o u rgl a r stole I delivered ten la pto ps yeste rd ay. � a d a su dde n u rge to eat meat, so I o rdered a ha m b urger I beca me a vegetaria n .
=
= �
a n a keeps a l l h e r im porta nt pa pers I T-shirts a
fo l de r.
· .1y music f i l es a re o rg a n i sed on my co m p uter I -
3 . When yo u want to se n d a docu ment or ph oto to someone, you .................................. . .
4 . it someti mes ta kes a long ti me to ...................................................... onto a comp uter.
5. When you a d d someth i n g to yo u r Facebook page, you ...................................................... .
:: 'l o ose the correct a nswer. Pay attention to the ... 'l d erlined words. - :: m p l oyees use cars I co m p uters from the
_
. .. ........................ in order to access
so me websites .
m a n : No . You have t o b u y thos e separate ly.
�
i nform a t i o n
a rnob i l e p h o n e
1 . You ............................................. ....... when its battery is low . 2. You h ave to ......
H. ............... ....................
_;rJm s , like the latest v ersion of Office ?
:·
•
C Onnectio n .
.
Com plete the sentences with a su itable col location. Use the verbs and nouns below. Verbs: • �Jown l o a d
. ............. , such as Face boo k . We ' ve got
:-: Jl mode l s
c l ose- u p " oveq oyed
me.
;: ... . p l e ase . I ' m l ooking for a new c omputer. :
=-
;}
1 . Steve was pol ite, but h e wa s n 't .................................... to see
a ccess ,'o r k m g s ites • port a b l e
•
Com plete each sentence with the adjectives below. p re.ss tn q � aff l u e nt
_ -
n
CD boxes .
-1 1 s softwa re comes with a tutori a l t h a t p rovides a disco u nt I instru ctio n s .
7.
Com plete the senten ces with the correct form of the verbs i n brackets a nd suitable prepositions.
1 . Sa l ly ........ .......................... me
........... (re m i n d ) yo u .
2. I .................. ................ (apply) five jobs last wee k .
3 . W h e n d i d y o u fi rst .................................... (hea r) t h i s ? 4. H e ........ .......................... (depend) h i s pa rents for mon ey.
5. I 've ..... ............................. (th i n k) the perfect present for her. 8.
Com plete the sentences. Ma ke them true for you.
1 . My favou rite soci al- network i n g s ite i s ............................. 2. I recently g oogled ............................ ............................
3. If I were affl uent, I wo u l d
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .
.
..
.......................
........... .........
4. Someone on ce forwarded me .... ....................... ....................
5. I b o u g ht a n a m a z i n g device that ............................................
.
..
25
GRAMMAR
Rewrite the sentences i n Exercise 3 by completing the sentences below. Do not change the orig inal mea n i ng of the sentences.
4.
1 . The exa m ... ... ... ............... .. 1 . Com plete the sentences with the correct form
2 . People
of the verbs in brackets. Use the passive.
3. Experts .
.. ... ..... (sh o u l d I
1 . The p h o n e .....
4 . C o m pa n ies
cha rge) for 1 2 h o u rs befo re you use it. 2 . Tickets .... ...... ....... ..
.. ......................... (se l l ) n ext week
5. A major g a m es co mpany ..
3. S 1 nce the b a n d put t h e 1r latest song on l i n e, (down load) by 1t ... tho usa nds of fa n s .
5. Com plete the passage with the correct form
4 . T h is p h oto ....
of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
. . ........... ( m u st I ta ke)
in the wi nter. Loo k at the s n ow ! 5 . By t h e t i m e we co m p l eted the su rvey, 1t
B E C O M I N G FAM O U S ON YO UTU B E
.......... . . ..... ... . ... ....... ....... (a nswe r) by 42 0 peo p l e . 2.
When Jawed Kari m , one of YouTube ' s founder�. t.
Write a log i ca l conti nuation w i t h the words i n brackets. Use t h e passive form o f t h e verb.
............................. .. . . .. . .... . . ....... (post) the fi rst v i deo there .
.
.
on 2 3rd Apri l 2005 , nobody
2 . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......
.
(could I predict) that the website would become one
1 . I 've j u st received a n e-ma i l from Amazo n .
of the most popul ar on the Internet. Each m i nute,
( m y package I del iver I n ext week)
at l east 20 hours of video
3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
(upload) to the s i te , which �- ................. . . ..............................
2 . I d i d n 't eat a nyth i n g at the pa rty. (a l l t h e food I eat I by the t 1 m e I I a rrive)
.
(buy) by Google in 2006. The selection of videos i nc l udes fi l ms, television shows. homemade mu�ic video-;, documentaries, as w e l l as some short
3. The i nvitations a re fi n a l ly a d d ressed . (they I not I send out I yet)
fil m s that
5·
..... ....... ................... ........ ... ....... (consider) to be .
.
.
.
ori g inal and artistic by serious critics. In addition, many YouTube "stars"
4. You can check tomorrow's weat h e r. (fo reca sts I g ive I on seve ral websites)
6· .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..
(create) over the past few years . These are people whose videos
7
.......... . . ............. . . .... .. .. ....... . (watch) .
.
. . .
.
by m i ll i o n s of people. Among these stars are 3.
M att Harding, thanks to his v i deos of h i m se lf
Com plete the sentences with the correct active or passive form of the verbs below. Use each verb on ly once. l a u nch • co rn p l ete pr0d u u" • be l i eve
•
danci ng w i th people all over the world, and Ryan Higa, whose v i deo "How to Be a N i nj a"
consider
I
.
a young E ng l i shwoman w hose popul ar series of
the exa m .
videos about apply i ng make-up l ed to her own
once .................... ............... th at th e
wo rld wa s flat.
4. New p rod ucts .... .
make-up l i ne that 9· ... ........ ... ...... ......... . ................... ( l aunch) ..
'
3. J u n k food ................... ....... ............... ........ to be u n hea lthy. .. often .
. . ... .. .. ..... ... .. ...
with p u b l i c ity ca m p a i g n s a n d free sa mples. 5. The co m p uter g a m e she d esig n ed . n ow .................. ............ ... by a m ajor ga mes co mpa ny.
26 1
.. ........ ( view ) over 20 m i l lion
ti mes so far. Another You Tube star i s Lauren Luke,
1 . By 1 1 . 3 0 yesterday, everyone .... ......................... ... .. .. .......... . 2 . lt .
8.
.
.
.
i n April 2009. It's thi s unpredi ctable variety of v ideos that keep peopl e hooked on YouTube !
= •..
�ite
the sentences usi n g two passive
8.
_ ::t u res. --
-: . -�
Correct the e rrors.
1 . The decision has a l ready be m a d e .
u s i n g co m p u ter a n i mation to m a ke the 2 . A t the m o ment, pa sswo rds a re b e e n c h a n g e d .
-
-=- ' .
3 . The d ates o f t h e meeti ngs wi l l be s e n t eve ryo n e .
e- m a i l the con cert to u r dates to
-= . ,
Ji1e n ext wee k . 4 . Sorry, M rs R ivero . I ' m late beca u se I 've checked my teeth at the dentist today.
- � -.- � one s e n t m e flowers o n my b i rt h day. 5 . Fifty yea rs a g o, t h is com p uter was co nsidered to -
�
= :: 'Ls
; =
was the fastest one in the world .
bel ieve that I n ternet a d d i ction is a
ng probl e m .
:.
: -:: = o e
9.
th i n k h i s videos a re very enterta i n i n g .
Tra nslate the sentences.
1 . A n ew p rod u ct has j u st been l a u nched for the Spanish m a r ket. - o m p l ete the e-m a i l with the correct ca usative : orm of the verbs below. T here m ay be more : 1 a n one correct a nswe r.
-
•
msta l l
•
put
on
•
made
il!l
d e l iver
;�-16[EJ, ·-
......
-
_ on,
- - a n ks for t h e e- m a i l ! I'm g la d yo u fi n a l ly
I i
. ....... . . .............. . a n I n ternet c o n nect i o n
�
b u sy t h ese d ays - a n d n ot o n ly w i t h st u d y i n g . ............................ my h a i r ....... ............................. t h e other
�: ;��:�;� � � da
I'
tak1 n g
��: ��:: : �� b i ke t
�
�
! i
.1
,', 1 i l e t h at's bei n g d o n e, l 4· .................................... a n extra
.: :: � of keys .................................... to my flat, so you c a n - a ve a set w h e n yo u v i s it next week.
� , hen yo u c � m e, we s h o u l d i nv i te fri e n d s ove r, rent :::: c o u p l e of f1 l m s a n d 5 · . . ............ ... . . ..... .. ...... . ... b u rg e rs a n d : rt i p s
.................. .
:ee you i n a few d ays! � ngie
I
2. C e rta i n expens ive items ca n be bought o n ly by affl u ent peo p l e .
3 . N obody u n derstood why a l l th ose ph otos h a d
been d eleted .
4 . Th ese i m ages sh ou l d n 't h ave been rem oved from o u r website .
5 . U S B flash d rives a re sa id to be q u ite afford a b l e .
!
j l
! j
j !
1
I
J i
Grammar Rev iew IIJD ,,
'
.
_:
_
.. . . . . . . .
. . . . ... .
1 0. Compl ete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets. 1 . We were met by friends who ...................................................... (wa it) for u s for an h o u r. 2.
.. . . . ............. ..... . .. .. .. . ... . ..... .... . . ......
(ski) is a popu l a r sport .
3 . W e d i d n 't l i ke the resta u ra nt t h a t G i n a
recom men ded . W e .... (sh o u l d I go) to a d ifferent pla ce . 4 . T h e b o o k ................. .................................... (revi ew) i n seve ra l n ewspa pers last wee k . 5 . T h a t g i rl ............................................. ........ ( l oo k) fa m i l ia r. 27
READING 1 . Read t h e fi rst sente nce i n each paragraph i n t h e text. I n w h i c h para g raph do y o u thi n k you wi l l find the fol l owing i nformati on ?
1 . whet h e r I nte rnet a d d i ction is co n s i d ered a n official d i so rd e r ........
I nte rn et Addiction Do you neglect respon sibi l ities whenever you have t�· =
2. so me s i g n s of I nte rnet ad d iction
urge to spend time onl ine? Do you feel depressed
3. what needs to be co n s i de red when m a k i n g
you ' re away from a computer game for too long ? Do ::.
a d i a g n os i s o f I nte rnet a d d iction ......... 4 . why Ben Al exa n d e r was in a treatment ce ntre .........
5. how I nte rnet a d d i ction d iffers from some oth e r a d d i ctions
l ie about the amount of time you spend online? Is
ye
virtual social life more i mportant than your real SOl life ? If so. they m ay be signs that you have an Inten . : gaming or com puter addiction - now commonly caL : I n ternet addiction . S i nce the mid- 1 990s. when the problem first begar
2.
Now read the entire text and check your answers.
be widely discussed among mental -health professioP. compari sons
3. Com plete the sente nces accord i ng to the text.
1 . Me nta l - h ea lth p rofess i o n a l s fi rst beg a n . .................. ..
have
bee n
made
between
e xce�
computer use and add ictions to gambling, drug -.. alcohol . There are differences, though. especial l . Internet addiction doesn ' t u sual l y i n vol ve losing me .
2 . South Ko rea a n d the U n ited States a re a m o n g
or pose an imminent threat to o ne ' s physical health. Moreover, many experts say that an I nternet addi ...
4.
Choose t h e correct a nswer.
1 . Amon g the s i g n s of I nternet a d d i ction N OT mentioned is . . . . a . spen d i ng m o n ey o n l i n e b . n eg l ecti n g res pon s i b i l ities c. d e p ress io n d . soci a l i s i n g o n l i n e o n ly 2 . The m ost i m porta n t facto r to consider when
diagnosis shouldn ' t be based mainly on the amour· time devoted to the activity . Instead. they say, what · be e xamined is the negative effect the activity h"' someon e ' s l i fe . Someone who stays home from s�.. or a j ob in order to remai n online , for in stance. or gai ns emotional sati sfaction only from their gami� = vi rtual social l i fe. shou l d be considered an addict. I n ternet addiction i s not yet accepted as a men tal di ,
m a k i n g a d i a g n osis of I n ternet a d d iction is . . . .
by the American Psychiatric Association or . :
a . the a m o u nt of t i m e spent o n l i n e
professional organ isations e l sewhere (though it ma:
b . t h e i m pact o n l i n e or g a m i n g activities has
gain official recognition in China) . Despite this . ...
o n someon e 's l ife
range of treatments is already available for it, inc'
c. a perso n 's favo u rite o n l i n e activities
rehab i litation programmes i n South Korea, Chir
d . whether someo ne uses the I nte rnet at work
USA and other countries. Critics may point to �
_
proof that addiction specialists are already ben c: :
5 . Find words i n the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . pay attention to (pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . not e n o u g h (pa ra g ra p h 2) 3. loses (pa ra g ra p h 3)
4 . sufferi n g (parag ra p h 4)
from creating a new group of patients to treat. B ut that probably does n ' t matter to sufferers l ike 1 '- old Ben Alexander who. in September 2009 . Web : · _ patient at ReSTART, a treatment centre in the
C:
-
didn ' t finish u niversity because of his i nabi l it::. . the am ount of time he spent play i ng the vide
World of Warcraft.
Hopefu ll y. ReSTART w i r -
B e n to regain control of his l i fe .
_
�
��� U n it 3
Yo u r Task
ITING
Write a n o pi n ion essay about the followi ng statement: Using a mobile phone in public venues is impolite. Write 1 00- 1 50 words.
- : :lse the correct con nector. : : : a t I Due to I In o r d er to get a n i Phone at a
W RI TI NG AN OPINION ESSAY
� '"' :, you h ave to show yo u r student I D .
1 . M a ke sure you understa n d the issue.
:: ::: � . Jys · � J:
-
l iv i n g here . The refore, I D u e t o I Beca use
s u re that she wa nts to atte n d u n iversity
2.
Decide if you a gree or d isag ree with the statement.
3.
Bra i nstorm ideas you can use to suppo rt you r
· -2 -e e lse . Y l e o f t h e n i cest peo p l e I k n ow. A s a resu lt, I
=
: :: : :: J s e I For this rea s o n , I ' d l i ke to i n trod uce
o p i n ion. Look at the p o i n ts bel ow. W h i c h co u l d b e u se d b y someone w h o a g rees
: - 1 o u r sister.
w i t h the state m e n t a bove? W h i c h cou l d be - : : a postrop hes where necessa ry.
u se d by someone w h o d is a g rees?
-
- ig nori n g peopl e when u s i n g m o b i l e p h o n es
:: .: = � s :: __,
fur i s wh ite, but its ta i l is b l a ck.
- same as ta l ki n g face to face
hea r the peoples screams? Theyre so frig htened .
- l o u d mobi le-p hone r i n gtones
::: . J J r ja cket . Its bea utifu l .
- l it screens d i stu rb :_
�
plete the opin ion essay with su itable con nectors. may be more than one correct a nswer.
- � �e
�o M�k Suj1� 0mi�? 1'
• ··. •
-
4. Decide which ideas to i ncl ude in you r essay. T h i n k of facts, detai ls a nd exa m ples to su pport you r a rg u ments. 5 . Orga n ise you r ideas. Use the model i n
Exercise
· --·
:
, .�:::.. r .
-
� : : --=
·
ww re busi�s is be.i113 co YUiucte.d ovtli�-te-, from
::.• to booki113 tmvd tickets. While. wutM,y people. treYUf, I thi11k it twrs dis�dwrM,tqges fo r the
- accepta ble behavio u r today
. .... wurke ovtli�-te- purctwrses. J . . ... ,w L�ck these c�rds c��t t�ke � dvmttqge. of ·.� ::- d�Ls such �s Low-priced pl��-te- tickets.
Body: Present reasons, facts a n d exa m p l es t o s u p port y o u r opi n i o n . C l os i n g : Restate you r o p i n ion a n d I o r m a ke su ggesti o n s .
.- t;te. �bility to priM,t bo�rdi113 p�sses o r tickets . .c
u
preseM,te.d to co ruume.rs �s � 11.- �dv�M,tqge. -
· :.__· �Lso �11.- iJ.tC.0 11.-VemeJ.tC.e 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . it costs us - .' .·.d ww �-te-y fo r the il1k � ytt;{ p�pe.r.
.:
...
o vtli�-te- o rders � re ofteM, difficult to CM11!fe., .'.:tome. r service. is 11-at �Lw�ys r�dily �v�il�ble. .
-· . _
......... , some. people �re �-te-rvous �bout wurki113 .:. :-:.t.rctwrses. ·
.
a n d the p l a n below to hel p you .
PLAN Ope n i n g : Present the issue and yo u r o p i n i o n .
:' l l , � credit o r deb it c�rd is usu�Lly 11e-ede.d
·. -
3
->, l l , I do 11.-'t thi11k ttwrt co ruume.rs who do their
.
o vtli�-te- �re �Lw�ys tr�ted well. Co ruume.rs �e.t comp�mes k11-0w whe11.- they do 11.-'t Like this -- · -:: ·-vice �pp ro�ch. ··.
:..: s
- ·7
6.
Write a fi rst d raft.
7.
Use the checkl ist to check your work . T hen write a final d raft.
.I I followed the pl�11-fo r �11.- opimo11.- ess�y. .I I used co�to rs of c�use. �ytt;{ result �ytt;{
co�to rs of purpose.. .I I checked my _gmmwurr, spe.Llii1!J �ytt;{
p uVI£.t�tio 11.-.
.I I checked ttwrt the verbs �ytt;{ subjects
qgree..
\
\
-' -\
\t
See Writing Guide, Student•s Book page 1 42
29
Vo,c.abul ary
.
. .
.
.
.
_. . . .
.
Grammar
.
.
1 . Choose the correct a nswer.
4.
1 . Do n 't crawl I lea n on the wa l l ! The pa i nt is wet ! 2 . Lucki ly, I d i d n 't lose my work when my co m p uter c ra shed I resta rted .
Com plete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
Urban l egends - those scary or weird storie s that ........... .. ................... (say) to be true but aren ' t
3 . The p o le I fen ce a ro u n d o u r g a rd e n is ma d e of wood .
have been around for a long time. In the 1 800s i n
4. The p a ssword I tutorial is easy to re member.
England, for instance, rumours
5 . I ' m sorry, but there's no availa ble I p ressing
( spread) of the existence of a man who J
a p poi ntment today.
6 . S h e g rew u p i n a n affl uent I u pd ated fa m i ly, so she n ever had to worry a bout mon ey. Com p l ete the sente nces with a s u itable p re position. Pay attention to the words in bol d .
1 . Some packaged foods s e e m t o consist m a i n ly .................................... c h e m i ca l s .
.
.
Jack. H e had a terrifying appearance and could jump very high. S ince the mid- 1 930s, tales
....... ................... ......................... (tell ) of all igators l iving i n the .
sewers under New York City. Nowaday s , urban l egends 5·
...... ................................ . .............. ( make) their way around the .
world with the c l ick of a mouse. In recent years, mil l ions of peopl e
6·
... .................................................. ( read) that .
certain tight j eans can kil l the wearer and that
2 . We ' re goi n g t o stay ............... ............... ... a hotel r igh t .
on the beach !
poisonous spiders often
7·
. ............ ............................ ......... ( live) .
in passenger j et bathrooms . Both of these stori e s are
3 . I l i ke C ha rles, but I wo u l d n 't depen d ............................ . ....... h i m for a nyth i n g i m porta nt.
false. B u t even if we know that urban legends are
4 . You forgot to rem i n d me .................................... S u e 's
even become the subject of research for some folklore
u ntrue , many of us sti l l enj oy reading them. The y ' ve
special i sts who keep a close eye on the Internet to learn
b i rt h d ay. 5 . Kate a p p l ied .................... ... . ........ h e r provi sion a l . .
d rivi n g l icence yesterd ay.
which are "going v iral" - that is, which urban l egends 8·
................................................. ... (read) by and forwarded to
m i l l ions of people.
3. Com pl ete the sentences with the words a n d ph rases below. t u rn out • f l eet • u r g e • deny • a ccess d e l ete
1 . When some ex-s m o ke rs g et the .................... ..
Wr
2 . Don 't worry. Everyt h i n g wi l l ......................... ..
. .
.
. .
.
.
..... . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
..... . .
... .
. . . . . . . . . . . ..
..
.
con n ector of cause, result or pu rpose. T h e re m ay be more than one correct a nswe r. 1 . A l ot of cafes offer free wi reless I nternet a ccess . ................................... it attra cts custo mers . 2 . M e g ca n 't e a t s u g a r. .................................... , s he has to
yo u r essay. it's u n necessa ry.
4. I h ave no i dea why I ca n 't .................................... the
t�g �
5. Com plete the sentences with a su itable
pe rfectly.
3 . Yo u s h o u l d .................................... t h i s sente nce fro m
�
.
for a ciga rette, they chew g u m .
rea d food la bels ca ref u l ly.
3 . .................................... a com p uti n g error, the J a n u a ry electricity b i l l s were i n correct .
I n ternet at the m o m e nt . 5 . D i d h e .................................... that h e h a d been cheati n g ?
6 . They offer good prices o n a l l the cru ise sh i ps i n t h e i r .................................... .
6.
Choose the correct a nswer.
1 . H i s frien d 's I friends' ja cket is very expensive. 2. lt's I Its goi n g to ra i n soo n .
30
.
. .................................. ................. . ( refer) to as Spring-Heeled
4·
2.
2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............
# U n it 3
�gress Check Un1ts •
a bu l ary
Grammar
- - - plete the sentences with the words and - : .. essions bel ow. .. .,
l a ndfnis • d e l ete
J
i�
•
e m e rg e d • d evices
foo l
3 . Com plete t h e sentences s o t h a t they h ave a si m i la r mea n i ng to the ori g i n a l . M a ke any necessary changes .
1 . H ave you watered the p l a nts?
d m o u nta i n o ut of a m o l e h i l l r
- = - :e
Have the pla nts ....................................... ........................ ..
..
1 ... ................ .............................................. ............................. ..
3. We got to the co ncert after it beg a n .
.......................... . ......... . . ........... . ...... text.
_ - - ::: ,..-: u n ate ly,
?
2 . This i s the fi rst ti me I 've eaten T h a i food .
u sed as q u i ck ............................................................ .. to
::: � . . .
_
iceberg "" soo a l - n etwo r k i n g s ites
::: o m b i nations of co m p uter keyboa rd keys
-= -
'
The con cert ......................... .................................................................... .
co m p uter sea m s a n d h oaxes
....... ............... ............ a l ot of people, � 1 e sea ms we know a bo ut a re o n ly the
�
_
facts a bout the b u s i n essma n 's cri m es have
-= :,
s
�
e
I.
.............................. . ..... blog identities . ................................ .
( should I be) private ? That ' s the question many people ., . ............................................ ( ask) since Augtist 2009. A j ttdge
....................................... i n recent d ays, a n d _ _
4. Com plete the passage with the correct form of the verbs i n brackets.
a bout h i s p rivate l ife h ave a l so been phones, comp uters and othe r electro n i c ......................................... s h o u l d n 't be d i s posed of
in New York 3 · ..................... . ... . .............. . . .. . ... . ..... ( make ) Googl e reveal the name o f a b logger who, in o n e o f her b l og entries,
-+
... . ..... . ............................................ ( insult) model Liskul a
Cohen. M any people - �
�k
that those who say it's dangero u s to meet
: -= ::: a l e t hro u g h .......... .............................................. ... a re
this decision , which
.......... . .. . .. . .................. . . . ............... . (anger) by
5
6·
.. . ......................................... . ... ...... (consider) to
be a threat to free speech. "I 7 · ....... ................ ......... .................. . . ( would I agree) w i th the j udge 's verdict, but the b logger
-ornplete the passage with the verbs below. - ere may be more than one correct a nswer. tc"f d
post
<®
""
take
Cl
11·
said one New York l awyer. But other peopl e celebrated the j udge ' s decision as a reminder that people
catch
9·
things so fast online that we don ' t al ways stop to ·
before we
I
.
........................................ . ... . . . . ..... . ( not threaten ) Cohen in any way,"
......... . .......................... an e-mail containing a
............... . . ..... . .................. . .. . .. . .... . . ( should not I allow) to write
whatever they want anonymously. What ' s your opinion on the matter?
k.e to a friend or 2· ............................ . . . . .... new messages or - .
�: .:--..
on our Facebook page . Next time, pause for a
...,.... .: nt . Is your friend studying so much that he r; ..1rdly _
3·
I she
.. . .............. . . ........... ... . his I her breath? Then you
!Wt want to bother him I her with an u nnecessary
- - - L. Did you -+ .................................... a photo o f someone that _;1t embarrass them ? Then perhaps it's better not to - -·
- _:
t on your Facebook page, as i t ' s difficult to know \\ i l l
5·
.................................... sight of it. Remember: think
1re 1 ou c l i ck.
Wr it i ;ng . . ... . .... . .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. .... ....... .... . 5. Rewrite the run-on sentences below with
suitable con nectors. M a ke a ny necessary changes. There m ay be more than one correct a nswer. 1 . I wa nt to go on h o l i day t h i s s u m mer, I n eed to ea rn so me mon ey. 2 . We took u m b re l las, it d i d n 't ra i n . 3 . I was u pset, I was a lso e m barra ssed .
.
2. Complete the sentences with the words a nd ph rases below. 1,/\/e i rd
ll)•
a ! ! tl·l e rag.e
1 . The exercise class was too ..................................
.
for me. I ' l l h ave to f i n d a n easier o n e . 2 . I don 't l i ke h i g h heels, eve n thou g h they' re ...................................................... n ow.
3 . I n structions m u st be ....................... .............................
.
4. S h e sa id some ...................................................... t h i ng s to me l ast n ig h t. S h e ' d bette r a pologise. 5 . That story is too ...................................................... to be tru�
VOCABULARY
6 . The bakery i s full of ...................................................... ca kes
a n d biscuits. 3.
1 . Com plete the puzzle using the cl ues below.
1 . T h i s patte rn s mell s I l oo ks g reat .
Across . . 1 . stay in the same p l ace
4. spea k i n a n extre mely soft vo i ce 6 . look at i ntently for a period of ti me
7. ca use someth i n g to ha ppen Down
Choose the correct a nswer. Pay attention to the u nderl i ned words.
2 . Th is song I book has no rhyth m .
3 . Resi d ents com p l a i n a bou t the b a d I loud odours from the factory.
4. My o n l y pu rchase was a l a ptop I tootha c h e 5 . There's a n ew exh i b it I ' d l i ke t o e a t at I see. 6. I love th e sce nt of lemons, a lth ou gh
•
2 . m ove closer
3. smel l bad 5. keep someth i n g for the futu re
1 J
r
N o u ns: skin
Adjecti ves:
s l1>
w
smooth
1.
. .. ..
. .. ...
..
rnate r ia l n o ise
. . . .. ..
. . . . , . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . .
. .. . . . . . . .
..
.........
2 . .............................................................
..
3. 4 . ... ....................... ....... ... ..................
..
5 . ............................................................. 6
.
..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
7 . ........... ......................................... ......... . .
8. 9. 1 0 . .............................................................
32
d o n 't I
4. M a ke a s ma ny logical pa irs b y combining adjectives a n d nouns below.
6. move o n e 's h a n d gently on somet h i n g
4
I
· ::
to eat I smell t h e m .
..
t r e
U n it 4 - - : ete the passage with the words a n d ph rases below.
Cllll i -
�·
_
The Fifth Taste
· '' be categorised i n to four categories: sweet, sal ty, sour and
.
• •• ••
1· .
l i st must include a fifth taste - umam i . This refers to the rich and
•
But now, any ...•..........
3·
taste some
. ?.mnesan c heese, have. · : r-;t identified i n the early 1 900s by Japanese researchers who traced its source to seaweed, long -_ l c '>c cooking to give extra 111..
:·. e n
111 ,...
�· •\
11''
..... .. . .
.
. .
. .. . to food. U mami cookery i s 5 · . . . . .. . . .. . . .. these days,
..... . .
. ..
.. . . ...
6
..
.
. . .
... ... ...
. ............ umami to lower their salt
er, people who eat u mami-rich diets tend to eat fewer calories. The reason for this i s believed
-�.uni-poor food leaves people di ssati sfied, which wi l l
_
-
-1
have heal th benefi ts. For instance, people can
. . . . the desire to eat more. ..... . . ..
7
.: o l l owing sentences don't m a ke sense. M a ke them logical by replaci ng the ph rasa l verbs i n bold : h e correct p hrasa l verb in bold from a different sentence. M a ke a ny necessary cha nges.
,. =
· '"I
· � at those old p h otos started up a l ot of h a p py memories. .
..
.
.. . . ..... ......... .... .
Jol set off a website l ast yea r.
�=-
·· e sta rted over as a pa i nter, but fo r the past 3 0 yea rs, h e 's d one m a i n ly scu l pt u re . < e m y d rawi n g i n a rt class, s o I decided t o set u p . =
J
_
- � �o
n o i se bro u ght b a c k t h e a l a rm . . set Pa u l back to the pa rty to n i g ht . I th i n k h e ' l l have fu n .
� : a rted out her fi rst b u s i n ess when she was 1 5 yea rs old . .
-=
� "' e ten n i s sta r b roke h e r a n k l e, it brou ght h e r a l o n g , a n d she d i d n 't w i n a match for over a yea r.
· -= -
.: : e h each sentence in
I
with a log ical conti n uation i n
11.
Pay attention to the u n derli ned words.
11
� � ores eve ryth i n g I say. :: '2 1y
-=
.. ...... a . B u t w e keep i n touch with each other.
a g ree a bout pol itics.
b . Where's t h e i r com mon sense?
··· oved a b road t h ree yea t·s a g o . -
· �s
=- � a
. ... c . They d o n 't h ave m u ch of a sweet tooth . d . lt j u st goes i n one ear a n d out the oth e r.
t o l e a r n not t o treat people so rude ly. st u p i d i d ea .
. ... e . Someone shou l d give h e r a ta ste of her own med i c i n e .
- :: ·a rely eat dessert .
f. W e s i m ply don 't see eye to eye . : : � p l ete the sentences. M a ke them true for you .
= = � - t p u rcha se I m a d e was , :: � 'l
a bad mood beca use ....
� :::: e s in o ne ear a n d out the other when a d u lts te l l tee n s .. . ..
-
_.
o p i n io n , a p lea s a nt a roma i s
_ - :2
s a w a n exh i b it of ..
. . . .. .. .. . . .
•,2
to sta rt u p a . ...............
- <
it's d i s g u st i n g when ...
- :2
.
stared at someo n e who .
..
. ..
.
3.
GRAMMAR
Complete the sentences i n reported speech .
1 . Com plete the sentences with the reporting
verbs befow. There m ay be more than one correct a nswer. cl e rw " 'd • <.c m p l a i rlPd • adv1 Pd • r;sked v\a rnc:.u • �ugqestE. d • r m ' nded refuc,cd • \No n d e r t>d
1 . He a d m itted that
...... .
.... ...
...
..
..
...
...
...
...
..
... ..
...
..
... .. me why I was in a bad mood .
1 . S h a ron ...
2 . Dav1d . ... .... .. ... ..... ...... . me that the meet i n g was 1 n
I ' m havi n g my d riv i n g test today.
a n h o u r.
3. M a rcy ... ....... ........ ....... ... to vol u n teer beca use she was too busy.
4. C a rolyn ...... ..... .................... . whether the city bus to u r was worth ta k i n g .
5 T h e boy .... ... ........... ...... ... ... eat i n g a l l t h e biscu its . 6 The secu rity g u a rd . .. .. .. . . ... .. .... u s n ot to lea n
2 . H e tol d me ...
ove r the fe nce.
7 . S h e . ... ... .. ... ... ... ... that the fil m was bori n g . 8 . Steve ......
Who's been wea ri n g my clothes ?
. trying t h e new Mex1 ca n
0
resta u ra nt . 9. My d a d .........
..
.... me to p r i nt two copies of
my a p p l ication . 2.
Com plete the sentences i n reported speech .
1 . " it's f i n e . I ' l l let yo u bo rrow my ca me ra for the weeken d . " Sara a g reed .. ... ..........................
3. Lucy dema n d ed to k n ow .
. m e borrow her
..
ca m era for the weeke n d .
I ' l l help you when the p rog ra m me's fi n ished .
2 . " I pro m 1se that I wo n 't te l l a nyo n e . " M a rk pro m ised that he . .. ...
.
a nyo n e .
3. " Where a re y o u g o i n g ? "
She wo ndered where I . ........ ..... ... ... .... .. .. .. .... ... ... .
4. " I 've been wa i t i n g here for you for a n ho u r ! "
4 . Joe sa i d he
Robert co m p l a i ned that he . ... .... .. . there for me for a n h o u r. 5 . " I may travel to Lo n d o n next wee kend . " M i ra n da ment1oned that she .. .. . .. . . ......
to Lo n do n the fo l l owi n g
wee ke n d .
6 . " I 've fi n a l ly m a d e a decis1 o n . " Jason to l d me that he .
7 . " You s h o u l d a d d more salt . " Da n ny s u g gested 34
5.
.......... more salt.
He sa id .
e U n it 4
:; ew rite the sentences i n reported speech . - l'l ere may be more than one correct a nswer.
6.
Correct the errors.
1 . Bess to ld to me that she u sed to p l ay the g u ita r.
'l at t i m e is it? " Lib by asked h e r m u m .
.·
2 . I asked my siste r that if I co u l d borrow her coat . :
_
� � o u l d tel l S a m h ow you feel , " m y best
-:-- - : :;jvised m e .
_. ::: '"'
-
3 . They won d e red whether d i d I l i ked h orror f i l m s .
h ave time to go to the s u perma rket
'll Y moth e r asked m e .
o n the g rass, " the yo u n g wo m a n
_ :- � st
4. S a m su ggested t h a t w e ate at a resta u ra nt .
5. T h e l ifeg u a rd wa r n ed u s d i d n 't swi m there .
:: =: �hem .
•
::: -
� h ave e n o u g h t i m e to f i n i s h the work, "
: : -:: :: - :; co m p l a i ned .
- :: -_. 8 'l e
7.
Tra nslate t h e sentences.
1 . T i m exp l a i ned that that so n g a lways bro u g h t b a c k h a p py ch i l d h ood memories .
ha s to write a n essay a bout the
he tea cher exp l a i ned .
2 . Some customers wa nted to k n ow where that p l easa nt smell ca me fro m .
: : ..,.. plete the e-m a i l with the correct form of - - e rbs in brackets.
3 . I tol d A n g i e not t o bother me beca use I was i n a bad mood .
4. M u m a dvised Da d to a p proach h i s boss a bout a
h o l i day.
:- �
:o Ben S m ithson a t the h o s p ita l tod ay.
: J r
5. They warned me not to wa l k a lon e at n i g ht i n that city.
.......... ................ (visit) h i s cou s i n , w h o h a d - - :ected c u t o n her foot. I a s ked h i m h o w that ................ ( h a p pe n L a n d h e exp l a i n ed
- :: - :: few d ays before, s h e 3· ..................................................... . on b ro ke n g l a ss on the bea c h a n d
. . .... ............................. . .. ( n ot fee l ) i t . I a s ked h ow . ................................... ... ......... (co u l d � � :
I not fee l ) it. H e
3 · n ed that she was b o r n with a ra re g e n et i c
: � :: -d e r t h a t m a d e i t i m poss i b l e for her to feel pa i n . - � � s o poi nted out t h a t it 6 · .................................................... ..
- :: a n) that she d i d n't a l ways k n ow when she was
- . _ red o r i l l . I a s ked w h ether t h e re
. . . ....................................... (be) a ny c u re for t h e d i sord e r, = - .::: Ben s a i d t h a t resea rc h e rs
8· . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
- 3 ke) p rog ress in u n d e rsta n d i n g it, b u t that he : �J t h o u g h t it
9·
... . .. .. . ............. . .......... .. ... .......... . ... (be) q u ite a
: - g t i m e before a c u re was fo u n d . eep yo u p osted.
- - n ie
Grammar Revi ew lllill���t�� 8.
Com p lete the senten ces with the correct form of the verbs in brackets .
1 . " Yo u ...................................................... (sh o u l d I let) Dave d rive yo u r car l a st n ig ht, " my father sa i d . 2 . He com p l a i ned that t h e resea rch h e . ..................................................... (do) fo r t h e past yea r was beco m i n g bori n g . 3 . J effrey ...................................................... (learn) t o sa i l s i n ce J u ne a n d is a bout to buy a boat . 4. Katie ca l led a n d sa i d that they
...................................................... (not beg i n ) d i n ner u nt i l we got there . it's n i ce that they' re g o i n g to wa it fo r u s.
5. W e ...................................................... (sit) i n the d a r k for a n h o u r b y the t i m e the e l ectricity ca me b a c k o n .
-
READING After many earthquake -; , there are report-; of · ' m i rac u l t
1.
Scan t he text a nd find t he fol lowi ng i nfo rmation:
an i mal � u rv i v al a n d of behm i our that, i n h i nd-.,i ght see
the yea r the tc u r a m i occu rred .
ror example. the 2004 I nd i an Ocean h u n am i . whicl
.
2 . the 1 u rrber of co u t�tnes af,.ected 3
to predi c t the di -., a..,ter.
!,
trigTered by an e normou ..., u ndersea earthquake.
more than 200.000 people i n over ten countrie ..., . HO\\ _
p l a ces r n d a t� g e r of ea rthq ua kes .
s urpri -., i ngl) fev.. \\ i l d an i m a l s pen shed. bec ause 2.
Read the text a nd choose the correct a n swer. n
e enha rt rv ent r o n rd r n the a rtrcle . . . trade r,ogc, n e rVOU )
r:::.
cl
h.
rd _.rom :he beach J U St after the tsu na rl r c was <.. e er fleei n g to til e b e a L 'l d . left �'le heach rlO'nentc; before the tsu n a m r 2
+
So'TH
rW
rra l s a re very se'l srt ve to s u btle
-.:nv ror vncnta l c'la n g ec; bcca Jse . . a . thr'ly see better tha n people
.
b. of t�ei r <;t'n n q electrorr a g ret i c senc;es ( o.
trley r�on 't �' ea r or sme l l wel l some o f the r senses a re m o re highly dPve loped trdn pro J l e 's sensp-;
3 . Find words i n the text that mea n :
J rldt'rsta n d r q c,omethr n g aftt->r it 1as occ u r red (pardgraph 1 J 2 . dlfd (pa ragraph 2)
m a n aged to lll .lke c it to safety. Soon
\\
i tnes -.,ed prior to i t. i nc l u d i n � nocturnal bat-.
the dayt i m e . dog" act i n g nervou s l y and an eL
c.l! ' �
C Jn a n i m al s . i n fact pred 1 c t i m pendi n g n atura l
�ot re a ll ) . I t i -., more acc urate t o s ay that bec ause <' -.en-,es. c-.,pec i al l y heari ng and -.mel l . some an i n detect ' e ry subt l e change-, i n the i r c m i ronme r than people can . Some m ay also be al erted tl'
elL
through an ab i li t) to detect electromagnetic the atmosph e re . In
addi t i o n .
man)
s pec i e s
are
known
'-Ophi -.,ti cated com m u n i cati o n syste m '- . which ... oh-,en'Cd and reacted to
b)
othe1 spec i e s . When
c
tor i n stance, -,cc-, a predator and e x presses a clan =- .
/� .
a re2<, ( p a ra g ra p r 5 )
re .... earchcr" believe that i t i.., reasonable to a� -., i m ! l ar i n terac t i o n s ex 1 st when there ·s danger fn
An swer the questions a ccord i n g t o the text.
di .... askr'> as v.. e l l .
W�1a t was pecu l ra r a bout th:: bats' behavrou r l'
H m \e\ e l ,
despi te
an i m al s '
appare nt
·
"earl )
system '> . many scien t i st... doubt that '-.tudyi n g i mp rO\ e our abi l i ty to predict earthquake.., and B u t a few researchers . espec i a l l y i n C h i n a d i s a_?ree
�
W! ld � rldppens wher" a m o n key a l e rts ts g ro u p � o d a n ge r ?
4 Why a rE se e 'ltrsts r n , a p a n a n d C h i n a stu dyi n g : n E'
36
bd ,�v o,a of a n rn a l s in ea rthq u a ke reg ions!
.. .
e x tremely agi tated prior to an earthq uake .
t o l l '- -,oc i a l group . other a n i m a l -, w i l l react tu
-l ow do sorr1e pets behave before a n E: a rt 1 q ua k e ?
r
re _? i o n s . pet owners often c l ai m that the i r pets
extre'Tlely r p rvcus (pa ra g ra ph 2 )
7
·
tl ce i ng a beac h . ln J apan. Cal i forn i a and other cart:.
3
4.
·
in
and
earthquake
re gul arl y
m o n i tor
1ones . T h e ) · re
�
ani m a l
con v i nced
eventua l l y prm e mvaluable i n i m prov i n g
: m ·
p redict earthquake'-. and perhaps other natw .... In the mean t i m e . i t wou l dn ' t h u rt to keep an dog o r cat.
� .
·
_
., . U n it 4
ITING
Your Task Write a descr i ption of a school event. Write 1 00- 1 50 words.
- :J d a su ita ble adverb of degree a n d a su ita ble adverb : ; •req uency to each sentence below. Do not use the .:...: ,.,.., e adverb more than once.
DES CRIBE A S CHOOL EVE NT 1 . Th i n k of a school event you'd l i ke to write
a bout. The fol lowi ng a re some poss i bi l ities:
. no is co m m itted to b e m g a vegeta r i a n , eats meat
- a spo rts day - a pa rty _
-
- a ce l e b ration or eve nt for a loca l , reg i o n a l or
1 0 p i s n 't s o bu sy, but today 1t's c rowded beca u se
_
-�
rel 1 g i o u s h o l 1day
sa l e
- a m u s i c a l o r theatnca l performa n ce - a class v1s1t to a m u se u m o r h i stor i ca l site Th i n k of aspects of the event that you can describe. Consider th i ngs such as:
2. -�
:= :�
v rite the sentences by moving the adverb or ·erbial p h rase.
-
�
_
- atmos p h e re
l ly rea d the f1 rst c h a pter beca use I ' ve been busy
:_ed the Eiffel Towe r wa l k i n g a lo n g the street .
'-a n a l m ost buy a n yt h i n g o n l i n e
nea rly pays £800 a month for re nt.
-
4.
.
pa rtici pa nts
Decide which i deas to i nclude in you r essay. Organ ise you r i deas. U se the model i n Exercise 3 a nd t h e p l a n below t o h e l p you .
.
Closin g : S u m u p t h e eve n t a n d you r opinion .
.
�1 vtds of people, LVT�hi113 VT� t0Lki113, fiLLed the ':. . fu festive 0tmosphere WVTS e�11-eed by . :,t- WVTteri'Y VTrO mVTS of hot dOjS V'( � rOVTSte.d 11-UtS - . . -:�rby c0rts. S uddemy, there WVTs VT burst of Loud - � fro m the o rchestm, VT� the show be_gVT �-t. It WVTS ,·, :VTzi'Y two hours of dmmVTtic si113i113 VT� colourfuL : . . �1 es . So metimes, the 0udie11-ee SVT'13 VTL0 113 - they : .
�
tastes
Body: D escri be the evef(t 1 n d eta 1 l .
� 1es
·"' .
a u d i en ce
PLAN Open i n g : State what the eve nt wa s a n d w h e n a n d where 1t took p l a c e . G 1ve a person a l o p i n i on
rt:��ti� Mz,uic.etl.r iJ1- New York
·nvtny S u�VTY ciftervwo �-t L0st S eptember, I WVTS SquVTre, i�-t New York City, fo r "13roVTdWVTY o �-t -. e1y", VT free outdo o r eve�-tt feVTturiMj so 113s VT � :...· fro m o ver 2.0 music0Ls. I usuVTLLy do �-t't e�oy .' -:. d eve�-tts, but this 0 11.-e WVTs re0LLy wo �erfuL!
so u n d s
3. Th i n k of the opin ion you wou l d l i ke to express a bout the event. Use positive and negative adjectives, and adverbs of frequency a nd deg ree.
- � a d the essay below a nd c i rcle adj ectives that :: � scri be what the writer sees, hears and smells. Then : ,.cle adverbs that mod ify verbs and adjectives.
.J!..U)
- weath e r
.
5. Write a fi rst d raft . 6.
Use the checkl ist to check your work. Then write a final d raft.
--"' '
:•
- ·'-1 the L0st so113, miLLio �-tS of smVTLL, colourfuL p ieces
- . . -.fetti fioVTted do w�-t o n- the crowd, VT� we VTLL CVT�ht � : B 1 our hVf�s. It WVTS VT VVLVT_9 icVTL e�i113f
.I I foLLowed the pLVT �-t fo r VT descriptio �-t of VT�-t
evel'tt .
.I I used VT t·ick VVTriety of 0djectives VT�
0dverbs.
.I I checked my jrVTWI-mVTr, speLLi113 VT�
p Ul'tC-tUVTtio 11-.
.I I used 0dverbs VT� 0dverb i0l phmses
co rrectly.
el'tt is VTLwVTys held i�-t S eptember, so if you're ever -:. r\t Yo rk the�-t, do�-t't miss it!
· ';_ ',
37
Y9�.�p-�J�IT
.
. .
.
.
.. .
. . . . ..
. .. .
. .
..
. . .
__
..
...
..
.. ....
.. . . ..
.
. ..
. . . . .. . .
1 . Com plete the sentences with the words below. f i r m • r h yt h m • od o u r • m oo d
.
Grammar 3. Com pl ete the sentences in reported speech.
1 . " Where have you been ? " M y d a d asked m e .............................................................................
p a tte rn • p u rc h ase
1 . The shop is g i v i n g a free watch with eve ry .................................... of ove r £ 2 0 .
.
2 . " You s h o u l d try the lasa g n e here . " E m i ly suggested
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
3 . " Do n 't let you r dog eat chocolate . "
2 . D o n 't spea k t o S a l ly today. S h e 's i n a bad
The vet wa rned us .................................. .................... .................
3. S h e wo rks for the l a rgest law .................................... in the city.
.
4 . " Yo u ' re i nterru pti n g m e ! " S u sa n co m pl a i ned that I .........................................
..
4. The ................................ .. on these sh i rts rese m bles 4. Rewrite the sentences using the words i n
flowers . 5. The d ru m m er i n a b a n d keeps the ...................
.
6 . C ig a rette smoke a lways leaves beh i n d a strong
brackets. Do not change t h e o ri g i n a l mea n i ng of the sentences. 1 . " H ave yo u booked you r p l a n e ticket? " D i a n a wa nted to know. (whether)
2.
M atch each sentence i n I with a log ical continuation i n 1 1 . Pay attention to the u nderlined words.
1 . You don't have to wh isRer. 2 . I ' m sorry I was sta ri ng at you .
2 . " The meat s h o u l d be cooked for at least a n h o u r, " C h risti ne tol d m e . (a dvised)
3 . " I ' m not g o i n g to sing i n front of everyone, " A n d rew told m e . (refused)
3 . You ' l l have t o sta rt over.
4. Somet h i n g sti n ks . 5. You s h o u l d ta ke advantage of everyth i n g here .
4 . " E i leen wo n 't be here u nt i l l ate r, " Sa m i nformec US. (told)
6 . W e sta rted UR the co m p a ny a yea r a g o . 7 . D o n 't be afra i d t o stroke h i m . 8 . I was too nervous t o aRRroach h i m . 11
......... a . B ut i t was excit i n g t o b e i n t h e same roo m a s someone so fa mous. ......... b . The s m e l l i s making me i l l . ......... c. H e 's a frie n d ly cat. ......... d. You look very fa m i l i a r to m e . ......... e . So fa r, it has n 't been su ccessfu l . ......... f . There's a l ot t o d o i n this city. ......... g . I forgot to push the " record " butto n . ......... h . Nobody else ca n h e a r u s .
Wr���-� g ................ .. ..... ....
, . .. .
. .
.. .
.
. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Com plete the sentences with a su itable
.
.
.
adverb . 1 . I ' m .................................... certa i n that the tra i n l eaves a: 2 . 00 . I 've checked the t i m eta ble th ree t i m es . 2 . H e .................................... goes a b roa d . I don 't th i n k he's been out of the co u ntry fo r at least th ree yea rs
3 . I ' m .................................... a n g ry with La u ra . S h e rea d d i a ry a n d to l d everyo ne a bo ut it.
rr _.
4 . My mum .................................... eats sa l a d , but my dad doesn 't l i ke veg eta b l es at all .
U n it 4
ogress Check J it� Grammar
ab ul ary
3 . Com pl ete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
te T (True) or F (False) for each sentence. � ,.ect the fa l se sentences.
• -
1 . Resea rch e rs .... .. .... ............ ... ........ ... .. ( b e l i eve) a cu re
en so meth i n g is a cc urate/ ifs co rrect.
for d eafness ... .. ... .... ... .. .... Pn a so u n d s deafenin g , it ca n / t be hea rd .
. ·
. .. ... (fi n d ) soon .
2 . For a few months/ I .... . .... .. .. .. .. .
( n ot
u n de rsta n d ) why G i l l was n /t respo n d m g to my ·.
·
e- m a i ls . lt t u r n ed out that I ...
en someth i ng 1s b a n ned, 1t's not a l lowed .
. . .
..
.
(se n d ) e- m a 1 ls to h e r o l d a d d ress.
3. Ever si n ce they lowered th e 1 r p r 1 ces/ t h e i r sa les ... . . . ... .... ........ . ... .... .. . ( mcrease) . I n
. . h ' n somet h i n g g oes in one ear a n d out :ne other/ someo ne 1 s payi n g attentio n .
fact, o rd e rs . . . .... ........ .............. . . .
. . n o longer
.... ..... ....... . . ... .... (ta ke) tor some of the l a ptops beca use they a re sold out
1 e n so met h m g is controvers i a l / it ca uses
J d i sa g reement.
4. Rewrite the senten ces using the word s i n brackets. D o not change the ori g i n a l mea n i ng of the sentences.
!Tl p l ete the passage with su itable words a nd :: r a ses below.
it �ta rted ra i n i ng yesterday m o r n � n g a n d ifs sti l l ra1 n 1 ng . (si nce)
,t t I rH. � voteL • dPv.ce • d -• f,J I t • f er • s h o r tu t. •
b
2.
11
How m uch d i d you r p h o n e cost? " J eff a s ked .
( Ron)
'"toration u-.cd to he a fanta�y. B ut now, tech nol ogical and medical advances, several
·
tt ums arc1
•••
••
•.• •••• •
•••.••.•...
3. Eve ryon e t h i n ks that the plan IS I m practical
to working on a
(th o u g ht)
· u t \\ t l l make it a reality. Thi s proce-.s i nvolves
: �l�c trodes i nto the eyes. and using glasses �J
\\
Ith a m i n i ature video camera and
4. We m a d e a m i sta ke by not b r1 n g i n g a bottle of
small
a
water. (should)
. . cal led a v i deo processor. W hatever the . . _,t.e�o," i s sent to the v i deo processor. The video
5. 'Tve been cons i d e r i n g going to a rt col l ege / "
r then tran:-.mits those signals to the electrodes,
D e b b i e sa 1 d . ( mentio n ed)
enJ them to the brai n . This system i s currently _
: •
�ed on nearly 40 patients in the U SA, Mexico
Writin g
wpe. Some of the people don ' t think I Ight \veight. L. r
v
•
1 . ... ... ..
.
.... . .
. ..... . equipment i s .
as i t requires a lot of
5. Com plete the senten ces with a su itable word or
p h rase.
�o use i t properly. B ut n early all of the
c�re already ahle to see t h ings they coul dn ' t see � .
l il-..e ' . ... ........ .. ........... .. . l i gh t s or a
6· . . . . . . . .
....... ... ........
1.
.
th is one has exp1 red .
.: ut a person or object. Researchers are defi n itely
2.
rJged by t h i s and estimate that wi th i n 20 y ears, 1
cures for b l i ndness w i l l be readi l y
7 · . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
You h ave to buy a n ew Travelcard .. ... .. ... .. ... . ..
.
3
.. ..
. .. . . .
. get p hys i ca l ly f1t / J o h n has sta rted go� n g to a gym .
.....
.
. .
.
.
.
.
H e /s . .. ... ............. ........ i n vol ved i n h is n ew p roJ ect, a n d h a s n 't g ot t 1 m e · f or a nyth i n g else.
39
3. Com plete the captions with the expressions below. f g n h
•
n •
CJt
. n to
br�ak
C o u l d you
t
o
up
................ ........ me ... a bas ketba l l sta r? t"Ya_ C1f:_'y-y ,:::_�0· .X:J:. v 1
amil . VOCABULARY
2
1 decided to ..
3
I don /t h ave to do 1t ! Yo u ca n /t
. .. ... t h i s t i m e !
1 . The fol lowing sentences don't make sense.
M a ke them log i ca l by replacing the words a n d phrases i n b o l d with the correct word or phrase in bold from a d ifferent sentence.
1 . My a u n t is self-cent red . 1 / m so excited that s h e /s g o i n g to have a baby ! ........ ... .... ..... ... .... . . 2 . T h a n k you fo r eve ryth i n g you /ve done for m e . 1 / m very jealo u s . .... . 3 . My m u m /s o n ly nephew is her tw1 n b rother.
me ... .... .... .... . ... . ... .. . !
4 . He /s a n o n l y chi l d / but h e /s been dati n g someone fo r q u ite a wh i le . 5 . T h e g i rl w a s p reg n a nt beca use eve ryo n e was payi ng attention to the baby. ..... .. ... .... ... ... ..... .
6 . 1 / m sin g le. I don /t h ave b roth ers o r sisters . 4
7 . You / re g rateful. You / re n ot i n te rested i n other peop le ! .. ........ .. .. .. .... ....... .
When do I
--�
8 . I love be i n g a n u n cle. I spoi l my s i bli n g by buyi n g
h i m a lot o f toys . . ......... ... ............ .. . 2.
Choose the correct a nswer. Pay atte ntion to the u nderli n ed words.
1 . We cheered when we saw our g ood I bad ma rks.
2. S u s a n is a widow. Her husband I b rother was k i l led in a ca r crash . 3 . The dec i s i o n I goa l was made by the referee 4. Lefs ta ke a b rea k a n d go back to work I relax 5.
I l i ke a l l my re l at1ves. 1 / m l ucky to h ave such a nice fa m i ly I n i ce nei ghbo u rs .
6 . Spouses a re i nv1ted to the pa rty at my m u m /s off1ce/ so my d a d I I wi l l go with h e r. 40
--
....... .. play?
.: :t m p lete the sentences with the correct form - e words below.
Com plete the e- m a i l with the correct form of the words and p h rases below.
6.
•
b rv 'L h t.: l
1 · 1 t •.A11
rn ;• r l-
co , ' ., l tl
•
•
o r .-:1
"'
• 9 et a l o n r� l; t� a k u p
<� p -I n
.,
o v rLj
•
,- aths prob l e m 1 s � _ __,.
®
\'Y O r k i t out. To
e c u lt u res, it is tra d itio n a l for a
1tfr1 St @:· ��J
+.J
Shel ly@g m a l l com
.. .. wo m a n to wea r a g o l d . er
_
ri n g .
=- - = 'lOt a :: =�. :_
-
Hi S h e l ly,
. ... ....... t h i n g to do !
I th i n k it's q u ite stu p 1 d .
Joth ch ocolate a n d va n i l l a ice crea m . : ha ve a ........ ..... .
i
co u nt ry, b u t t h i n g s a ren't g o i n g we l l so far. My s i ster · •
:: 'S
a ren't
. . . .. . . . . . , a n d t h e i r a rg u m ents
2
.
............ ..... ........ ..
. . ..... ..... .....
. . . . . . . . . ... Bob,
. . .......... ...... ... . . . . . , but for some
3· .
. . . .......... rece ntly. I
rea son, they've 4 · d o n't t h i n k t h ey wa nt to
.. dogs ofte n end up
, but
5·
t h ey'd bette r resolve t h e i r p ro b l e m s soon beca u se
:: ters. ·-
.... . ..
have a stro n g
,
with wooden b u i l d i n g b l ocks.
:; very
and h e r h u sband, my 1
a re m a k i n g eve ryo ne u n comfo rta b l e. They u sed to
:; : :, the n a m e of t h e off i ce . .. . .. .. ... . .. .. ? :� �e brot h e r l oves to
Th i s w a s s u p posed to be a n i ce fa m i l y h o l iday in t h e
t h e i r a rg u me nts a re affect i n g t h e i r d a u g h ter. I n fact,
.. ... m a n , a n d h e te l l s
t h i s m o r n i ng, my
at1 n g sto ries about h is past.
6· . .
. .... . . . . .. .... ...... ....... told
me that
s h e d oes n't want to g et ma rried. I s n't that sa d ? I hope that everyt h i n g i s ca l m e r b y Satu rday for my
each se ntence i n I with a logical · : " t i n u ation i n 1 1 . Pay attention to the o e r l i ned words. ::tch
g reat- g r a n dfather's 80th b i rt h d a y pa rty. Some ........ w h o a re a ro u n d my a g e a re
- �
co m i n g too, so I hope it' l l be a fu n day.
: :: , does n 't ta ke afte r h e r m u m .
A n d by the way, how a re my cats? I m i s s them - a n d
� - - . .:: a n d David were ra ised 1 n sm a l l vi l la g es .
I 'm so g l a d yo u're l o o k i n g after t h e m !
1 a s noth i ng to do w1th S u e or E m m a .
·
,
Love,
·
Gill
r d d t o sett le fo r a o n e- room f l a t . r' odded i n a g reement. d i d n 't flee t h e a rea . .;ou n d a n cient pottery that h a d bee n �d thousa n d s of yea rs ago
_
-
·
.
7.
Com p lete t h e sentences. M a ke them true for you .
1 . I wo u l d feel sad if I ever grew a part from
sm i led a n d fa ked i t . 11
2. Peo p l e sometimes say I t a ke after
They d o n 't eve n k n ow a bout it They cou l d n 't afford a nyt h i n g b i g g e r.
3 . O n e of my favou rite relatives is
- was ve ry deep i n the g rou n d . 'lstead , they stayed t o h e l p after the ea rthq u a ke. -
4 . I h ave inherited ..... .... .....
.. .. . ... . . . ... . .......... . ... .
5 . W hen someone tries to p u sh me aro u n d , I
'hat's how I k n ew t h ey a p p roved When they were 1 8 , t h ey both l eft h o m e .
6 . W hen I ta ke a brea k from studyi n g , I l i ke to
B ut I k n ew t h ey were n 't h avlllg a good ti m e . �hey' re not at a l l a l i ke .
7 . There 's a strong b o n d between me a n d ....... ......... .
41
I
\��
fi_IWYIMAR 1 . Com plete the passage with the relative p rono u ns below.
There may be more than one correct a nswe r. wher e
•
w h ich
'dt
•
Fam i l y meah., a time
1
•
w h o • wnen • ,, "l O t�
. . .. ... . .. . . . ... . . . . . . .. the whole .
. .. . ....
fami l y gets together. are disappearin g i n many homes. B etween parent" hours and children
2.
.. . ... .. ... .
J. ..
.. .. work long _ . after-school
timetables are fil l ed w i th homework, fri ends. sport and other activities. i t ' s often di tli cult for everyone to sit down together at the same time. However, some e xperts say the effort �hould be made. To beg i n w ith, a 1 99A study found that fam i l y meals -+ . ................ ......... .... .... included lively conversation promoted l anguage development i n young childre n . Furthermore, mealti mes c a n b e a t i m e for a fami l y t o bond through �hared food and conversation. This may partly explam the res u l ts of two studies
s_
.. . . . .
.. .. were condu c ted in the U S A i n 2004 and i n voh
.
more than 5 ,000 young people between the ages of 1 1 and 1 8 . B oth studie " found a connection between freq uent t meals and higher marks, as well as lower rates of depression. alcohol and drug abuse. In fact , in homes
n . . . . . . . ... . . . . .
two or fewer meals each \Veek were eaten as a famil y, y oung people were nearly twice as l ikel y to abuse drugs and ., alcohol as thei r peers ............ .................. ... frequently ate w i th the i r fam i l i e s .
2.
Com pl ete the sentences w i t h a su itable re lative pronou n . A d d com mas where n ecessa ry. There may be more than one correct answe r. I n wh ich sentences ca n you o m it the relative pronoun?
The p l ay .. ... .... .. ... . . .. . I saw l ast n i g ht was writte n by a tee n a g e r. 2 . A r n o l d Schwa rzenegger ... ... .. .. ... .
beca me fa mous as the sta r of the Te r m i n ator f i l m s
i s t h e g ove r n o r of C a l ifo r n i a .
3 . T h e week before exd ms i s a lways a t 1 m e
. . . I spend h o u rs i n t h e l i b ra ry.
4
I ' m rea d i n g a bout Steve Jobs .. ... ... .. . .... ... ... was one of the fo u n ders of Apple C o m p uters.
5.
Let's go to a n i ce p l a ce
6. Eller
.
__
... we ca n have coffee a n d d essert .
father i s a TV reporter i s studyi n g J O U r n a l is m at u n ive rsity
7 . The s u n g l asses ...... .. .... .... ... ... .... I b o u g ht on sa le a re the best p a i r I 've eve r h a d . 3. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the ori g i n a l meaning of the sentences. 1. T h 1 s IS L i n d a . Yo u wi l l be work1 n g w1th h e r. (who)
2 . I took a message for my si ste r. S h e was i n t h e shower. (who)
3. He down loads the songs. He gets them free o n l i n e . (that)
4. I ' m l oo k i n g forwa rd to n ext wee k We ' l l be o n h o l 1day th e n . (when)
5.
42
The co m pa ny was esta b l ished i n
1 99 5 .
lt h a s been p a rticu l a rly successfu l si n ce 2004. (wh ich)
U n it 5 ne the sentences with defi n ing or non - n g relative clauses. Add com mas where -:'= s s a ry. leave out the relative pronoun ' 9' ·- :: · e possible. -o
...
-
�omg to C h icago in Dece m be r. lt wi l l be
:- - �
- : ::: d then .
_
� -= = =
s
1 . The b a n d that it fi rst sa n g t h i s song was My C h e m ica l Roma n ce .
2 . O l i ve o i l i s u sed i n m a n y co u ntries, wh ere it h a s b een p ro d u ced f or ages t h ere .
always ta k i n g p h otog ra p h s . H e wa nts to
3 . it's h a rd t o f i n d a friend w h o you ca n rely on h i m .
�- e a p rofess i o n a l p h otog rapher o n e day.
4 . Ottawa , i n where I was bor n , i s i n C a n a d a .
- :: ·.=. s -=
6. Correct the errors.
--
the b roch u re a bo ut the h o l i day resort .
5 . Ai d is b e i n g p rovi ded to fa m i l 1es wh ose t h e i r homes were destroyed i n the fl ood .
g ht g o t o i t .
: � :: = .:ather is J a pa n ese . S u e v i si ts J a p a n every
Transl ate the sentences.
7.
1 . The issue we a re d i scuss i n g has n oth i n g to do with yo u .
- :: ·
2 . You m u st b e g ratefu l to the people who have
= a r was a g ift from h e r p a rents . lt was
a lways s u p po rted yo u .
..- = = I .
3 . My co u s i n J a ne, who is a n o n ly c h i l d , h a s p l e nty of se lf-confidence. : : ., b i ne the sentences using both the formal a n d the i nforma l structu re. Use : : ""re et punctuation.
:-: · ..J cture
4 . I ove rhea rd the conve rsation which my p a rents were h avi n g in t h e n ext roo m .
: ::: e i ntrod u ced me to t h e m a n . She had been -=
•
�g to h i m .
- : ·�a I:
.....................................................
5 . J i m my, whose p a ren ts d i ed i n a ca r accident, was ra ised by h is relatives .
.
.: ::: ''ll a l : .............................................................................................
..
- _ - - cane Katri n a was a n atu ra l d i saste r. I a m •�
Grammar Review �
'l g a report a bout it. 8.
" '
"
'
'.
Choose t h e correct a n swer.
1 . We too k a b rea k afte r we has been stu dy i n g I - - ::: , m a l :
h a d been st u dyin g I were stu dyi n g fo r hours. . . . . .. . ..... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................... .......................
2. Steve d e n ied bei n g I to be I to have been res p o n s i b l e for the error.
--�
ette r h a s j u st been d e l ivered .
I
have been
. :: : ng for it.
3 . I ' m so ti red . I sho uld n 't have I co uld n 't have I wo u l d n 't have stayed u p so late l a st n i g ht . 4 . I ' m n e rvou s a bout next week, w h e n I t hat I where I h ave t h ree exa m s .
- - J rma l :
...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . C o l i n a n d Te r i have been en g aged I were en g aged I are enga ged si nce Apri l .
43
READING W h e n I t h i n k about how my l i fe w i l l be after I
1.
Read t h e ope n i n g sentence i n t h e text. What can you i nfer from it?
a . The writer h a s f i n ished school . b . The writer hasn 't f i n 1shed school . 2.
Read the rest of the text a n d choose the correct a n swer.
1 . The New York Times . . . . a
is owned by R u pert M u rdoch
b . was own ed by a d i fferent fa m i ly a cent u ry
if I had
a
d i ffe ren t fam i l y . . . .
I f my parents were small-bu s i n e s � owners . I could to b e the ··�on'' in one of tho�e companies with l ike '"Smith
&
Sons". Wherever I go, I'm notic i : =
on sign c;; all over Londo n . I ' ve even seen a " I S i n g l eton
&
Daughter" , for a n e�tate agen t ' s firm
I f my pare n t s were media tycoon s . I m ight rea l i s t i c c hance of run n i n g a n e \\ � paper or te l :: stati o n . T h e re'-. pected newspaper
ago
•
schooL I can ' t h e l p t h i nk i n g about h o w t h i ngs mt,;
The NeH·
Yor:
-
c . i s a n i m portant p a rt of M u rdoc h 's company
ha� been c o n trol l e d by generati o n � of the same
d. has been ru n for over 1 00 yea rs by one
for more t h an a century. A n d some of the ch1!"'
fa m i ly
R upert M u rdoch - fou n der a n d head of a
\\ ( �
med i a company - have h e l d key position�
2 . Joely R i ch a rdson . . . .
·
a . is Va n essa Redg rave 's g ra n d d a u g hte r
father ' s b u � i ne�"C '- . Note to Mr Murdoch : i f : l
b . belongs to a we l l -known actmg fa m i ly i n
to adopt a teen ager, r m avai lable !
B r ita i n
If my parents were actors , I ' m s ur e I c o u l d be �:
c. i s p a rt o f a fa mous America n act i n g fa m i ly
fil m s t ar l i ke many of the actors today. B e n
d . is S i r M i chael Redg rave's d a u g h te r
pare n t s were a comedy d u o for y ears : K ate
3. F i n d words or expressions i n t h e text that mean the opposite of:
1 . u n l i kely, i m pro b a b l e (pa ra g ra p h 2. m i n or (paragraph
3)
3)
3. ach i eved a goa l (pa ra g ra p h 5 )
E.
mother i s actre s s Go ldie Haw n : M i chael DougL is actor K i rk Dougla�. Drew B arrym ore con a l o n g l i ne of American actors. and J oe l y Ri-. is part of a d i � t i n g u i shed B ritish ac t i n g d:
L
i nc l udes her m u m . Vane s s a Redgrave, and gra ... � S i r Mi chael R edgrave. In these ca�e � . talent sec i n the b l ood !
4. F i n d words or p h rases i n t h e text that m e a n the same as: 1.
pa i r (paragraph 4)
2. i n h e rited, ge net1c (pa ra g ra p h 4) 3. determ i n ation (pa ra g ra p h 6) 5 . Com p l ete the sentences accord i ng to the text. 1 . D u d l ey S i n g leton & D a u g hte r is an exa m p le of
I f m y paren t s were in the m u s i c busine-.s. I
a � i n ge r l i ke Enri q u e I g le s i as. the son of worL
44
:_
s i nger J u l i o I g l e s i a s . On the other h an d , J oh n sons. J u l i an and Sean. have released
C Os.
b u t h_
far � hort of the �uccess of their B eatle father -
·
t he y ' re inev i tably compare d . Obv i ously.
fam i l y
connection"
can
shoul d n ' t i g n ore the fact that �UCCCSS
help.
lTljlt
abil i ty. talent and. of c o urse, some l u c k - n o ,..,.
2 . J u l i a n a n d Sea n Le n n on have n ot
�
your fam i l y i s .
r�
_
•
U n it 5
Your. Task
ITING
Write a n a rrative a bout a fri end. Write 1 00- 1 50 words. two correct answers for each q uestion.
- ::e
:: s I Eventually I As t i me went on, Alan and I
�
.'11th each ot h e r. = .-o m the sta rt I At fi rst, I d i d n 't l i ke E l l i ot .
-: ·
·
'' ome.
- .. � l r y I All of a s u d den I S u d denly, a door
: somewh e re in the h o u se . the sentences w i t h t h e correct form o f t h e b rackets. M a ke ce rta i n that the ve rbs a g ree e s u bj ect of the sentence.
: ete _ :
1.
Brai nstorm the events i n your na rrative. Try to i nclude a problem or conflict.
2.
Decide whether or not the problem w i l l be resolved . If so, how? If not, how wi l l you r story end?
"e's n ew f l at while I when I d u r i n g we were
. ;. n i shed tidyi n g u p by the t i me I before I � -
WRI TING A NARR ATIVE
3 . Organ ise you r ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 3 a n d t h e p l a n below t o h e l p you .
PL AN Open i n g : Describe the sett i n g a n d i nt ro d u ce the m a i n cha ra cters. Body: Rel ate the events in the story, i n cl u d i n g a pro b l e m or confl i ct .
'1
C l os i n g : Te l l h ow the sto ry e n d s .
,' te kmd of n ove l s . ... . .... ... . ... .. .. . (be) myste nes. ..
.. .. .. . .. ............ . ( n eed) to buy d i fferent t h i ngs, so 4.
-:: ::: after we s h o p . "1
s m a l l m i nority of s u rvey respo n d e nts . ... (g ive) d i s h o nest a n swers .
- -, oea n s
_
·
ole
Then write a final d raft.
� I foLLowed the pLvrvt, fo r vr l'l.Vf rrvrtive. � I used vr vvrriety of expressiovt.S of time. VTM
seque11.c.e . ./ I used c.orrec.t subjut/ verb qgreewt.e.vti.
= = �Ecr giFT
-
5 . Use the checkl ist to check your work .
.. ........ ... .. (taste) good togeth er.
te the na rrative with su itable express ions : m e and seq u ence. There may be more tha n one - r '= c t answer. �
Write a fi rst d raft.
. . -:3 vrs I C.Vfvt, rewt.e.wt.b er, wt.y pvr revtis hvrve 3ive11,
./ I c.hec.ked wt.y j i'"Vf wt.Wt.Vf r, speLLiVIj vrvt,d
p u11.c.tuvrtio vt, .
;oivt.tiVIj b irthdvry presevt.ts - thiVIjs Like shirts, , ... .:r trvr ivters, ivt.Stevrd of roLlerbLvrdes vrM video . . ....... . . ... ....... , whevt, I WilTS youVIjer, . ;ted, but it didvt,'t do vr vt,y 3ood. , I jVTVe up, vr M wt.y pvrrevt.ts' : : �es of b irthdvry 3 ijts bec.vr me. vr fvrwt.ily joke. :• :
.. �
,ty Lvrst Mo 11.dvry wt.a rvt,LV!j, Ovt, wt.y 17th birthdvry, .:.: ex.pec.tvrtio vt.S. 3 · . . ...... . . . . . . · ..::. :,- ivt.to the kitc.hevt,, wt.y pvrrevtis svr id, "Hvrppy - -1 .7'1! " " · ..... .. . .. . .. ..... ........ ............. .. . , wt.y muwt. hllf yt,v{ed ; resevti. Tke size Vf M shvrpe of the box Wt.VTde me. trvrLvters". "Tlwrvt,ks! (j revrt! " I svrid, fvrkiVIj Wt.O re · :vrsm thl/fvt, I felt. "Try thewt. O vt,, " wt.y wt.uwt. :- :ted. s . . ... . . ... .. ........... ..... .... . . .... .. I Lifted up O vte shoe, �: � u { sowt.e.thiVIj ivt.Side it. It wvrs Vf yt, iPho vte. I wvrs · : � Ked I c.ouLdv(t spevrk. My dvrd svr id, "I thivtk we . .. ...... .. .... ... ... ... . .. . 3ot you so me.thiVIj you wvrvti! " .
. . ..
.
.
.
..
�
•
- �
....
.
.
.
.
. .
.
See Writing Guid�. Student's B_ooiCpagct':144;8"f! 4 5 ·
! ! :
I
I
<�
�r�g,�ess Check Yo� ab u l ary. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . . . . . .. . .... . .. . .
Grammar
1 . Choose the correct a nswer. Pay attention to
4 . Com plete t h e passage with a s u itable relative pronou n .
the u nd erl i ned words. 1.
1
was ra i sed in M ontrea l , C a n a d a . I l ived there
u nt i l I was two I twenty. 2. We d o n 't u su a l ly get a l o ng, but l a st n i g ht we
had a g ood t i me together I an a rg u ment. 3. Jane settled for
£5
per h o u r, which was exa ct l y I
less tha n what s h e ' d a sked fo r. For exa m p le, they' re b oth a rt i sts I 5. H e i n h e rited this watch f ro m his b oss I
Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the words a nd ph rases below. p u s h . . . a ro u n d • f l e e
1.
1
•
I speak from experience, as a teen
ta k e a b r e a k • t u rn
2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..
parents i ns ist on a two-week trip e very year, preferabl: one J . ............. ...................... keeps us all very c lose to each .
-+ .
.................................... w e' ve spent the entire holiday. I ' m not
opposed to fami l y holidays, 5 · ......... ...................... . ... have some benefits - i nc l uding parents 6 · ...... ............... ............. pay for .
w i th
6 . S h e nodded and said, " Yo u ' re r i g ht I wro n g . "
g row a pa rt
parents spend l ong hours together, can be difficult.
. . .
.
everythi ng ! I love my parents, but they ' re n ot people
g ra n d father.
•
.... . . . .......... . .................. teens and
.
Sy l v i a b rin g s her g roceries every week.
chee r
1.
other. We ' ve even been to i solated beach resorts
4. Sylvi a ta kes after h e r g ra n d moth e r i n m a n y ways .
2.
Fam i l y holi days, those times
i nto
m i ssed American /do/ last n i g ht . Wh ich si n ger
d i d the a u d i e n ce .................................... fo r t h e most? 2. We ' d been re hea rs i n g fo r fou r h o u rs before we
fi n a l ly ........
7·
....... ............................ I w ant to spend 24 hours a day. .
They ' ve finally accepted that fact,
................ . .................. hun .
8·
thei r feel ings, but i t h ad an effect. For the first time, we ' re planning our holiday together. We ' re making sure to i n c lude p l enty of free time
9·
. ... .................. ......... . we .
.
.
.
can each spend separately.
5 . Combine the senten ces with the words in b rackets. 1 . J a n i n e d i d n 't c h a n g e h er o p i n i on on the matter. We h a d a rg u ed with h er for a n h o u r. (whom)
3 . Ned is a b u l ly, a n d h e ............................ ...... people
4 . They bought a l a rge house and .................................... it .................................... a bed-a n d - b rea kfast h otel . 5 . Lucki ly, they we re a b l e to .................................... from t h e f i re a n d we re n 't h u rt .
6 . We ' re s u c h good f r i e n d s . I hope w e n ever
3 . Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1.
S h a ro n is stu d y i n g t i m e .................................... ( m a n a g e ) .
2 . it's a n .................................... ( i nterest) series.
3. The a i rl i n e passe n g e rs we re ................................... . (frust rate) by t h e long d e lay.
4. Wou l d you .................................... (prefer) a ta b l e i n s i d e or on the patio? 5.
My g ra n d p a rents a re a h a p p i ly ................................... . ( m a r ry) cou p l e .
--------·,
46 !
_j
_______
2. I'm l oo k i n g forwa rd to J u n e . I ' l l be fi n i shed witr
school then . (wh en )
3. Steven l ives i n F u lton Street. My favou rite resta u ra nt i s a l so there . (wh e re)
VV:r..�t i .�.g . .
..
.
.....
.. . . . . . ......
.
. . . » . ......
..
..... . .
.
...
.
.....
.
..... . . . ....
6. Com p lete the sentences with a suitable
con nector or time expression.
1 . ....................... ...... . ... . , M i c h e l l e d i d n 't speak Fre n ch we l l , but .. ............................... , s h e beca me f l u ent. 2. I had j u st fa l l e n asleep when t h e p h o n e ............... ra n g . H owever, .................................. . . 1
managed to a n swer i t , the ca l l e r had h u n g u p .
tr· U n it 5
o gress Check L·n · ts btllary •,
- ;:- + 1 , s t ................... .
... (sense) 1 dea yo u 've
)
3.
Rewrite the sentences using the words i n brackets. Do not change t h e orig i n a l mea n i ng of the sentences .
1 . " I ' m not goi n g to watch the DVD beca u se I 've
. eek:.e n d ! -
l
Grammar
- - ete the sentences with the correct form of o rd s in brackets.
r a rely g ive each other ... ............................. .
- :: --- -:s
:'!
a l ready seen the fi l m twi ce, " exp l a i ned C a ra . (th at)
- g 1fts . . ............. ( m a nage) of a s m a l l shop . = � ::J
2 . it's poss i ble that J a m es' f l i g ht was d e l ayed by bad
ed i n ... ... .... ........... .... .. (amaze) a s the
weat h er. ( m i g ht)
-:- - :: ::: �o ke t h e wo rld reco rd .
. = .. .. .. .... . . . .............. ( i nterest) i n o ld co i ns? ::. :. ays receive ...... ( m a rvel) serv1ce at �
- � =-
-:: 3:a u ra n t .
3 . I ca n 't wa it u n t i l t h i s weeken d . I ' m g o i n g to a U 2 concert . (wh en )
p l ete the passage w i t h s u itable words o r - t;;;. "'essions below. o 10 •
_
�
e m e rg e • 9 ree n h ouse e ffect • tre n d • i nha bit • ha rmful • s e e eye t o e y e • re m a i n
•
. ·
4 . They' re n ot d esi g n i n g a n ew website f or ou r school u nt i l n ext yea r. (des i g ned)
l d u nch
� -:ar, people in B ritain
L
....... ........................ . ..... . . . . . learn
._., .: 1 r fel low citizens think about a w ide range of _ _
�-
5. The d octor exa m i ned M a r k 's eyes yesterday. (had)
- from pol i tics to environmental concerns, such ... - thanks to the British Social
- ..-: .: -., Report. S i nce the first survey. which was done
6 . I regret buyi n g this very expen sive watch . (boug ht)
.: - 1 .1 n 25 years ago, new attitudes have started to
........................ about fam i l y -rel ated subj ects, such ...................... ....... and chil dren . For example, there -
:rung acceptance of the growing
5· ..............................
..
•'1 -traditional" fami l y units. In fact. 66Ck of people
- :- � cd in 2006 said that they considered legal
......, ,,ge and l i ving together as v irtuall y the same thing . - �
'-JL)Cc of respondents in that same s urvey appear
.................................... on the _ _
7 .......... .................................
.
Writin g 4. Correct the sentences .
1 . I enjoy swi m m i n g , coo k i n g a n d to p l ay co m puter g a m es .
,. �·or a law that applies to unmani ed couples who . ... .......................... . Thi s l aw would mean that they <
-.hare the same financial obli gations as manied
2 . I was n 't p leased with my m a rk i n the exa m , I d i d n 't fa i l .
... ples who divorce. Despite these more l iberal - � udes about family, i t seem s that one thing continues
3 . M a rta a l m ost speak s perfect E n g l i s h .
.. ................................... the same since the s urvey 's first _ -tr :
more women than men do household chores such as
4 . E a c h o f t h e resta u ra nts we re expe nsive .
..1�dry and c lean i ng .
. 47
2.
Com plete the puzzle using the cl ues below.
Across
•
3 . Th i s s h i rt 1 s too l a rge, so I ' d l 1 ke to . . . . it fo r a s m a l l e r s i ze . 4 . We d o n 't .
. swi m s u its at t h i s t i m e of yea r, b u :
t h e sports shop h a s t h e m a l l yea r ro u n d . 5 . What ........ of s h a m poo do you use? 6 . There 's a h uge . .. . o n gym m e m bersh i ps t h i s
d
month . W e ca n save 40 % ! 8 . If you wa nt to ret u r n a n ite m , you m u st have
..
yo u r . . . 9.
I ' m sorry you were n 't sat i sfi ed w1th the p rod L, .:: S i r. I ' l l be h a p py to g ive you a fu l l
VOCABULARY ••
• •
Down
•
1 . Is re ntal of the scuba-d 1vi ng .. . . . i ncl uded i n
Com plete the d i a l og ues with the correct form of the words and p h rases below.
1.
t
s n d p ...t p get nd o 1 • d l ru u • 1 1 a -:; <)tL· ft • �n e lhand i'.>P • n a k C> eXCIJ)f .., On \a l P • OV('! I P r lCf'd -Yl> pt:�}/ thE" n i : ' , m a k e d l , e ftort • b � l o n q l n q "
p rice of the l esso n s ? 2 . These s h oes a re a rea l .. ...... a t o n ly £ 2 0 . 6 . M 1 chel l e has a l a rge a mo u nt o f cred 1t-ca rd .
7.
.
. ....... on dessert a n d ate a h u g e p 1 ece of
chocolate ca k e .
Mark: I had no i dea that t h i s shop w a s s o expensive ! l can ' t
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
t h i ngs that are
. .......... .............. anything. not even the
2·
Rose: You ' re ri ght . Every th i ng ' s terri bly
....... , but i t doesn ' t seem to matter to al l of these customers who are -l.
. the shop ' s
5.
'
.. . .... ............ . especial l y the sweaters.
1\Iark: I wonder i f they ' ll regret buying them when they have to
6 ..
... . . .... . . . .. ... . ....... . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . at the end of the . .
.
. .
month . -
··-
Mum : I want you to tidy up your room - today ! I ' m tired o f <.;eeing s o many o f your 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . .
....... ... .............
.
on the floor and piled on your chair.
Lucy :
1 know ! You keep
.
. . .. .. .... ... .... . .. . . . . . .. . . . me
x . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
about it! But I don ' t have anywhere else to put some of that
9
Mum : Stop try i ng to
10
r m sure you' ve got things you don 't wear o r use any
more. I suggest that you
11
. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. to l ook . .
.
.
through your t h i ngs and sec what you· re willing to
. .. . ..
. . .
. . .
1 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
We can donate i t to the
chari ty shop, and then you ' l l have plenty of space.
Lucy : B ut . M u m !
48 :
s
t · ::
«' U n it 6 -
Complete the sentences with the correct form o f do, make or pay.
5.
Com p l ete the o n l i ne consumer col u m n with the correct form of the words a n d phrases below. stock u p on
spea k with E d n a about the p ro b le m , but that
o u t l et
'"""' g ht .................................... mo re harm than good .
1!\1
•
s h o p a ro u n d
p r i ce tag
\\\1
co m e to
•
affo rd 1!\1
m e rc h a n d i s e
g o o u t of b u s i n ess
� took Joe q u ite a wh i l e to .................................... friends ::: h i s new schoo l . .'.'e ...... ............................ a fo rt u n e for the concert tickets,
_
= ut they were worth i t .
S H O P P I N G WITH
- -1 ey were i n the n e i g h bo u rhood, so they ................................ us a visit. -
designer brands at prices they can
.'Je order o u r g roce ries o n l i n e n ow, so we d on 't
............................. ...... ................ , the best
� ave to go out t o .................................... the s h o p p i n g . .:
'�
-
3
eat loca l ly-g rown food .
, s parents h ave refused to h e l p h i m .. .............................. �
places to go are
1 a ny of my friends n ow .................................... th e i r best
�o
.
2· ...................................................... .
.
ends up there for
be from a previous season , or left over odd sizes and colours ; others come from small clothi ng companies that have fai led and 4·
........ .............................................
.
. To fully appreciate the
bargai n s you're l i kely to get in an outlet,
i n o u r f la t yeste rday.
My n e i g h bou r's a docto r, wh ose past i m e i s work i n g in a hos p it a l I p a i nt i n g la n dsca pes .
. and take a look at the
5·
................................................... ..
6·
................ .....................................
.
on thi ngs in trendy boutiques.
Then, m a ke your way to the nearest outlet and
D u e to o u r c u l t u re of con s u merism, m a n y of us
7·
eat I spend mo re than we s h o u l d . -
.
........ ...................... ......... ............
flaws, such as a m i ss i ng butto n ; others may
s debts .
'Ve had a h u ge bonfi re o n the bea ch I
-
.
various reasons. Some items may have s mall ..
C h oose the correct a n swer. Pay attention to the nderl i ned words.
-
CYN/)�
For consumers who want
...............................................
clothi ng. You' l l be
pleasantly surpr ised at how l ittle the final bi ll
Some s m a l l sh opkeepers lost custo m e rs when
8.
the new s u perma rket I c i nema opened . -
One of the benefits of l iv i n g h e re i s bei n g a b le to enjoy thi s i n cred i b le view I h a v i n g n o v iew .
-
I 've got too m a ny gadgets . For i n sta nce, I d on 't 1eed th ree M P3 players I fry i n g p a n s . The com pa ny rece ntly i m p roved the exerci se eq u i p ment I wo r k i n g co n d it i o n s in
6. Com p l ete the sentences. M a ke them true for you .
............................... .
.
3. The m ost rece nt b a rg a i n I got wa s ............. .............................
.
1.
T h e g a dget I co u l d n 't do without i s
2 . My favou rite past i me i s
-his sweatsh op. Ne were teasi ng Sa m , but he thought we were -
4 . My p a rents someti mes n a g me . .................................
.
j o k i n g I ser i o u s . r:.very d ay, thousands of co m m uters I
5 . The last time I d i d so meone a favo u r ...................................
.
free news pa pers a re given out d u ri n g rush h o u r -
n
cities a l l ove r E u rope.
6 . When someone pays me a co m p l i ment, I feel
lt took a l o n g t i m e to pi ck out a pa i r of ea rri ng s for La u ra , but I eventu a l ly
7. I o n ce excha n ged
fo u n d the perfect g ift for her I helped her get them o ut of her ea rs .
8. When I wa nt to t reat myself to somet h i n g , I s p l u rge on 9.
...................................................................................
.......................
One of the benefits of l iv i n g where I do i s ........................
.
l49
_
___
3. Com p lete the thought bubbles with a logica l conti n uation.
1. Com p l ete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 . If Dave
.... (s m i le), t h i s wo u l d
h ave been a bette r photo of a l l of u s . 2 . it wo u l d be m o re p l easant t o shop h ere if t h e sales a ss i sta nts .... ................................................. ( b e ) a b i t I wish
n i ce r.
1 .... .......... ................................ ............. .....................................
3 . If you a rra nge the fu rn it u re d i ffe rently, the roo m .......................................... .......... (look) b i g g e r.
m
4. Ron ca n 't exc h a n g e the DVD u n less h e .............................. ............... (h ave) the receipt . 5 . I wo u l d n 't h ave b e e n a b l e t o a fford t h i s coat i f
------
it ......... ............................................ (not b e ) on sale . . . . . (arrive)
6 . C a l l me when you .. at the stati o n .
7. You ..... ............................. . .......... .. ( n ot b uy) the shoes if
If only
1 ................................. ..........
..
they a re n 't comforta b l e . 8 . Let's ca l l Les l ey. If s h e ................... .................... ........... (be) at home now, we can pay h e r a visit. 9.
I wou l d have been a n g ry i f I ........................ ........ (n ot receive) a fu l l refu n d .
1 0 . M a ry wo n 't be a b l e t o co m e t o t h e pa rty u n less someone ..................................... ............... (give) h e r a l ift . 2.
Com p l ete the sentences. Do not change the ori g i n a l mea n i ngs. There may be more than one correct a n swer.
I wish we ..................................................................
.
1 . Jody h ated t h e fi l m , so she wa l ked out i n the m iddle. If .... 2. Yo u ca n 't use the pool without b e i n g a hotel g u est. U n less ...... ............................................................................................
.
I wish
3 . I th i n k you s h o u l d buy th ose s u n g l a sses . If I ...............................
.....................
..
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
4 . B eca u se I k n ow everyone h e re, I ' m not too n e rvo u s a bout spea k i n g to the g ro u p . If I
50
..................................................... ......
. .. . ..........................
........................... .
5
1 ............... ....... ............................................... ..... . .
.
: o m plete the passage with the correct form o ' t h e verbs in brackets.
�y
_
::' ' ' �
WHI�� ���
���
ntem
. . .
� !T
or train tickets during a fli ght to New
or London, 2·
.. .
.
.
................. . ... . ........ .. ..... .... . ....
6
.
!f· U n it 6 Correct the e rrors.
1 . She won 't b uy that T-sh i rt u n l ess t h ey gave her a d isco u nt .
2 . If it h a d n 't sn owed last n i g h t, the roa d s wo u l d haven 't been s l i ppery.
you
.................................... (choose) to d o s o ? Passengers .::- m e flights are already being offered thi s k i nd
3 . We wish we wou ld go to the sa l e to morrow .
:.-board retail servi ce, and as soon as some -: 1r technological problems with i n-fl ight sales
_
for d i n n er.
.......................................... (solve), theatre and theme tic kets
.
+
.
......................................................
'· e l l . If thi s
-
4 . As soon as Sam wi l l a rrive, we' l l go out
5·
. . .
.
.
(may offer) .
..................... .. ... ....... ............ ...
(turn out)
5 . If o n ly we k n ew the truth yeste rday.
:'e a profitable expetiment, there ' s little doubt
rhe trend will spread. Passengers i nterviewed
_:
-_ _
;: n t l y at London's Heathrow A i rport expressed
�: ing opinions on the subj ect. Patricia Lowry, who
:,
. ..
...
:._J uently v i s i ts her boyfriend in New York, said, ·
i sh there
6·
....
.
.. .
.. . .
.
. .. ...... ........ ..... .
7.
1 . Please l et me k n ow as soon a s you m a ke a decis i o n .
.... . ... . (be) Internet .. .
-- - e�s on all fl i ghts. I 7 · .................................
Tra nslate the fol lowing senten ces.
.
_ ::'�l. ni tely ...................................................... (use) i t , even i f I had
2 . I f I we re you , I wo u l d pay back a l l m y debts .
iJUY a few pounds for i t . " Robert Jones, a software __
, i gner, said, "I
8·
. . . . . . . .. . . . .
.. .. . .. .
.. .
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. (hate) it i f
3 . I wish I h a d n 't fo rgotte n my belo n g i n gs
................................................... (have) to read and respond
at the a i rpo rt .
- -.,·ork-related e-mail s while flyi ng . However, I . ............................................... (not m i nd) being able to buy _
-;ravelcard for the Underground on board. " W hat' s
4 . W e wo u l d n 't have stoc ked u p on o l i ve oi l if t here h a d n 't been a sa l e .
c� r opi nion? I s there something you w i sh you
. ................................................ (buy) on your last flight?
-·
-
5 . If o n ly w e co u l d get r i d of a l l these o l d boxes.
Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the ori g i n a l mea n ing of the sentences.
I d i d n 't b r i n g my wa l l et, so I ca n 't buy t h i s . (if)
Grammar Review
it's too bad I d o n 't d rive. (wish)
8.
Choose the correct a n swer.
1 . My b rot h e r, who I who m I that none of yo u �
have met, is f i n a l ly co m i n g to visit !
We a ren 't g o i n g to the beach today beca use it's ra i n i n g . ( i f)
2 . They had worked I ha d been working I worked for h o u rs before they fi n a l ly took a
I hate bei n g so s h o rt ! (wish)
-
b rea k . 3 . J essica s u ggested t hat we went I g oing I to g o to the beach .
I reg ret n ot stu dying fo r the exa m . (if on ly)
4 . My m uscles h u rt ! I wish I d i d n 't work out I wo u l d n 't have worked out I
::> .
had n 't worked o ut so m u ch yeste rday.
I wo n 't be a b l e to co ncentrate if Gwen does n 't tu rn down the m u s i c. ( u n l ess)
5.
I ca n 't u n d e rsta n d J i m u n less he s pea ks I wil l s pea k I wo u l d spea k slowly.
READING
WHAT ARE
SELL I NG YOU ?
1 . Read t h e text a n d decide w h o or what the words i n bold refer to.
We're exposed to
1 . it (pa ra g ra p h 1 )
transport,
2 . them (pa rag ra p h 2 ) 3 . that (pa ra g ra p h 3 ) 4 . t h e m (pa ra g ra p h 3 )
There seems to be no escape from advertising
Find words i n the text that mean t h e opposite of:
1 . in an obvious way (pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . easy to fo rget (pa ra g ra ph 2) 3. i n t h e same way (pa ra g ra p h 2)
in
it through hoardings, on publi
newspapers,
magazine s ,
in
th-=
c inema, on televi s ion and radio, online, and eve on some mobile phones. Although the aim
�
advertising i s to sell a product, the message . rarely as simple as, "B uy Thi s ! " I nstead, adver are
2.
THEY
u sually
consumer product ,
by
designed
to
selling
such as an
subtly
something attitude,
influence beyond
_
t!-:
a personality.
.
lifestyle or a feeling of belonging .
11-
Think about adverts you ' ve seen recently. likely, many of
them involve humour or
:
appeal - two popular approaches. S urprising _ 3.
Choose the correct a nswer according to the text.
1 . M o b i l e p h ones a re mentioned beca use . . . . a . t h ey ' re s i m p le to a dve rt ise
some advertising professionals say that hurL _ can be more effective than sex appeal, whic;_ perhaps why i t ' s estimated to have a role in ne� a third of adverts. Apparently, humour qui-:
b . of the way t h ey' re advertised
captures our attention and makes the pro:.
c . adverts a re sent to some of them
memorable. Conversely, adverts that rely on
d. t h ey all advertise p rod u cts 2. H u m o ro u s a dvertiseme nts . . . . a . a re l ess effective th a n adve rts with sex a p peal b . a cco u n t for a pp roxi mately one-th i rd of adverts c. d o n 't s u cceed in h e l p i n g people re m e m be r a p rod u ct d . a re t h e th i rd m ost s u ccessf u l type
appeal - with, for instance , provocative phor good-looking
men
or
women
-
often
:
people's attention on the models rather than o: product or brand name. However, for luxury or designer brands,
that :
necessarily a disadvantage. In adverts for hig::: -
111
products like expensive cars and clothing
�
appeal is often paired with snob appeal.
types of adverts treat the brand as alrea.: well-known,
respected
and
desired,
th::....
4. Answer the q uestions accord i n g to i nformation in the text.
unnecessary to try to "sell" it to the tc: = :
1 . Why is sex a p peal n ot a lways s u ccessfu l
of
i n a n a dvert?
consumers. All that ' s necessary i s to reminc the
privileged
lifestyle
that
the
-
represents. Among the other advertising approache are
2. What is the message in some adverts fo r l ux u ry b ra n d s ?
celebrity
selling
spokespeople
coffee machines),
(George
·
(_
self-improverr::
favourite in cosmetics adverts), nostalgi used for everyday, "unexciting" product
.
_
breakfast cereals), and crowd appeal (ofte:to sell gadgets , by implying that "every
3 . What is b rea kfast cerea l a n exa m p l e of?
... -
buying and talking about them). The next time an advertisement touche emotions, makes you feel envious, or tem� to buy a product, stop for a moment anc why !
52
.
•".
f!''" U n it 6
Yo u r Task S u m m a rise the text on page words. the text a n d s u m m a ry below. U nderl i ne the two - : cessary sentences i n the s u m m a ry.
-· :
�-·-�
FV'tces, Everywhere
Hj1(o,
: r�Vfrt-
•
:�7 .. .•
PlV'tllli:ers PeV'IV!Uts, V'! populV'tr
p roduct, lwrs feV'ttured V'! clwr mcter
2.
Write this i nformation in one paragra p h . Para p h rase rather t h a n copy the i nformation. Shorten sentences or com b i n e t h e m i n order t o be m ore concise.
3.
You r fi rst attem pt w i l l proba bly be too long . Loo k it over careful ly i n order to find:
..- those fo r Michelirt-, the Fre�-teh tyre, �p �-
a . poi nts you ca n delete w h i l e sti l l p reserving t h e m a i n idea.
3uidebook compV'!VJ.,y, lwrve used the
_ ,te-Lirt- MV'trt- - Who looks V'!S if he's �de of tyres.
b. places where you ca n m a ke you r language more concise.
·-1t these, V'!M coullli:less other e>CV'tmples, lwrve iVJ., �MO rt- ...:. �rt-
is tlwct they V'!Ll presellli: V'! product With disti�-tetly
chV'tmcteristU.s. Al-td tlwrt, V'!CCO rdi� to sO W1-e- recell!i
4. A reader of you r s u m m a ry should be a b l e
t o g et the m a i n idea o f what the a rticle i s a bout. S e e whether t h i s i s true a bout you r s u m mary. If not, h ave y o u i n cl uded enough i nformation ? You may have to omit a m i nor point a n d add a more i m portant poi nt.
_:t'ies, YVtV'IY be pV'Irt of the reV'IsO �-t fo r their success.
�
.: -� study by reseV'Irc.hers from the U�versity of -: --: rtto V'!M the U�versity of Chicqgo foul-td tlwrt people
'?_:;a l-tvf Jll.W st positively to pV'Ickqg i� or products which
- � <.
1-uiYVtV'Irt-. The tel-tde�-tey to see V'! fV'tce iVJ., V'fVJ., object
- ; ::t rticulV'trly p ro �Wu�-teed WheVJ., it co mes to CV't rs. IVJ., �uell!i study, 11U!rly O »e--third of the pV't rticipV't lllis _ ..
� -
�eived the fro lllis of CV'trs V'!S fV'tces, V'! M eVeVJ., SV'!W them
•
_.
5.
M a ke s u re the sentences in you r paragraph fol low each other smooth ly a n d m a ke a logical whole.
,wrvi� lwrppy, serious o r �ressive expressio �-U.
--· _fo r why We see �VJ., forms V'!M fV'tces iVJ., objects V'!M •
50-70
1 . Read the ori g i nal text ca refully a nd d ecide which facts to i nclude. Choose only the main ideas, leaving out less i m portant d etai ls, as wel l as exa m ples.
Mr PeV'I V!Ut 011- its p roduct lV'tbels V'! M
. : :tle of the p roduct WeV'I ri� clothes,
Write
WRITING A SUM M A RY
verts. Fo r Jll.W re tlwrrt- V'! cellliury,
: rtiseW1-e-lllis fo r Tio Pepe lwrve feV'ttured
52.
e.
them MYVtV'IVJ., tmits, sO W1-e- reseV'Irc.hers thil'tk the reV'IsO VJ.,
tMt this evolved V'!S VfVJ., iWtpOrtV'tllli survivV'tl skill duri�
-·.J11t.Vf VJ., developW1-e-llli. This CV'tused the b miVJ., to eVellli:l{V'(Lly _ =-�W1-e- biolo3icV'!Lly pro3rV'tmmed to see 'jV'Ices" everywhere.
: �ry: 5 � th the M icheliVJ., MV'trt- V'! M V'! Tio Pepe bottle, dressed .. <.e
V'! persOVJ.,, lwrve beeVJ., used iVJ., the compV't�es' V'tdverts
-=: r over
100
yeV'Irs. Recellli: reseV'Irch lwrs sho WVJ.,
./ I followed the steps fo r V'! sum�ry. ./ I i�-tc.Luded o my the � iVJ., ideV'Is. ./ I pV'trV'tphrV'tsed rV'tther tlwrVJ., copied. ./ My sum�ry fo rms V'! lo3 icV'tl whole. ./ I simplified my selllie�-tees where possible. ./ I checked my 3rV'tm� r, spelli� V'! M p u�-tetl{V'(tio �-t-
: �t people reV'Ict Jll.W st fV'!VOurV'tbly to p roducts
�.�t resemb le V'! persOVJ.,. The study 0 11- how people
; :.rceived CV't rs WV'ts do »e- by reseV'I rchers fro m two ... .Uversities. The tel-tde�-tey to see fV'tces iVJ., objects
�UfY lwrve developed b io lo3ic.V'!Lly becV'tuse bei�
.., ole to reco3�e V'!M ul-tderstV'!M fV'tciV'tl :.(p ressio �-U WV'ts cruciV'tl fo r survivV'tl V'!S �1-t .• eveloped.
�------•.
See Writing Guide, Student's Book page 1 45':
�, 5 3
� t:9 gress Check 1111............ 1 .... .... . .... .· ..,'\,@" \j
..............
.,�
Grammar 1.
C o m p l ete t h e b l o g w i t h t h e w o r d s a n d
3.
p h ra s e s bel ow.
consu m e r i s !T1 ijl an
Com plete the senten ces w i t h t h e correct form of the verbs in brackets .
1 . If I ............................
. ........... (not have) e n o u g h cash
for the f i l m to n i g ht, ...................................................... yo u
bil ls
............................. ........................ ( l e n d ) me some? 2. I wish I .............................. . . .................. ( l i ve) i n a b i g city.
vVhich coun try do y o u t h i n k h as t h e most
Livi n g i n t h e co u ntry is bori n g .
fash i o n - c o n s c i o u s tee n s : t h e U n i te d S ta t e s , Can ada, A u stra l i a, Brazi l or B ri t ai n ? Accord i n g t o a recent
3 . J e n ny ............
...... s e e ms to be s hopping for c l ot h e s . In
. .................................. (be) t i red w h e n she
...................................................... (arrive) tom o rrow morn i n g .
survey, the ans wer is B ri tai n , w he re tee n s ' favo ur i te
4 . I w i s h I ........................ . . .... ............ .... (n ot se l l) m y
re sponse to t h e s urvey ' s question o f w hat they wouJd
m oto rcycle for s o l ittl e m o n ey. If o n ly I
con tin ue to b uy even i f t h e y cou ] d n 't 2· ..... .
. ............................................. ...... (wa it) for a b ette r offe r !
it, B ri ti s h teens, more t h a n t e e n s i n other countries.
...... .... . . . . . . ......... . . ....... to
spe n t over £ 1 30 m i l l i o n a w eek d ur i n g t h e s u m m e r o f
4 . Rewrite t h e sentences with t h e wo rd s i n brackets. D o not change t h e ori g i n a l m ea n i n g o f t h e sentences. There m a y b e more t h a n o n e: correct a n swer.
2009 - a n d a good porti o n o f that \v as o n c lothi ng and
1 . it's a pity you ca n 't co m e to t h e bonfi re ! (if o n _
chose n e w c l o t h e s . A n d they are
3·
prove t h at they m ean i t . Est i m ates are that B ri t i sh teen s
fa s h i o n acc e s sories . Furtherm ore, other reports h ave shmvn th a t -+ ..........
. .. ...... are i mp ortant to B ri ti s h
tee n s , a s i s being the f i rst t o b u y t h e l atest styl e s . e v e n
i f t h e s e fas h i on items a r e 5 · . . . ........ . .. . .. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.
.
hut
i n most cases, p a re n ts e nd u p pay i ng as w e l l . Pe rh aps 7·
.. ....... . .......... ... ... . . . . ... .
8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. You won 't be able to l ive with i n you r b u d get : you don 't beco m e more p r i ce consci o u s . ( u n iE��
to s pe n d
l e s s ! 1 t h i nk i t ' s t i me rhat we stopped s u pp orti n g o ur c h i l dren ' s dedica t i on to
street m a r kets . (I wish)
S o m e tee n s
. ... w i th earn i ngs from part-ti m e jobs,
th at ' s w h y o u r k i d s never
2 . it's too bad I d i d n 't ta ke more ph otos of the
'
4 . I d i d n 't meet my friends last n i g ht beca use I '.' � too ti red to go out. (if)
2.
C h o o s e t h e correct a n swer.
1 . T h e g roce ri e s w e re e x p e n sive t h i s w e e k . T h e y s n a p pe d u p I c a m e to I c a r r i ed £ 8 5 1
2 . S o m e p eo p l e stock u p o n I s p l u rg e o n I e x c h a n g e b o tt l e d wat e !- f o r a n e m e rg e n cy.
3 . S u za n n e 's b o u g h t a l ot of s p o rts d e bts I g e a r I b e l o n g i n g s ove r t h e y e a rs .
4 . Eve ryt h i n g i n t h e s h o p was o n sa l e I
o ut of b o u n d s I g o i n g o u t of b u s i n ess,
s o I s p e n t less t h a n l t h o u g h t I wo u l d .
5 . M y b ro t h e r i s s o rn et i m es n a g g e d I p i cked o u t I t e a s e d b e ca u s e h e 's n ot g oo d at footba l l .
6 . S o m e t h eatres g i ve o ut I s h o p a r o u n d I g et r i d of co u po n s for c h e a p s e a t s .
5.
Para p h ra s e the s e nte n ce b e l ow. Use t h e w o r d s provided, a n d m a ke a n y n ecessar) changes.
S h o pa h o i i s m , a g rowi n g p ro b l e m a ro u n d tre affects m a i n ly wo m e n , a p p roxi m a t e l y t e n P E '
-
of w h o m a re c u r re n t l y e st i ma t e d to s u ffe r .e r:, � co n d i t i o n . s h o pa h o l i s m a p p roxi m a t e l y
o n the rise
��
affect i n g
t e n p e r ce n t o f w o m e n
::
U n it 6
r9gr�ess Check •
,,�,!ili lll
�
·
�"'·'"
,-oca.9_� l�r.Y
.
. .
.
..
. .
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
..
.
_
..
...
.
.. .
. .... . . .. .
Complete the e-m a i l with the correct form of the ve rbs below. Some verbs a re used m ore than once. ::: 2 tch
m a ke
!!<
� h a rg e
take
'ill
pay
I'&\'
f o rwa rd
!I)
L
.
.. . . .. .... .. ..
.
..... .............
m y l aptop, so I could
_ � i t with me to Rosie ' s Cafe, w here I ' m s itting now. finally going to
. . .
. .. ..
2·
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
-: r i ng my book report. I guess I ' m
. an effort to start 3·
.
.............................. .....
�lr mum to
-+ .
. .. you by surprise and offer
.............
J the chance to
5·
.
. .
. abroad w ith her on
..... .... .................... .
- -=; business trip.
. " 11 -e
:r
6·
.
'·
.
. .
. .
. a m i ll i on photos? And - have
. .
...
sight of any good-looki ng guys ?
...... ... ........ .
...... ... ........................
my best to g e t by w i thout y o u for
next four day s . LOL. Have fun !
I 'm
9·
...........
. .
.
... .. ........... ....
an attachment that I think w i ll
m a ke m ista k es out o f
.,
outra g e o u s
set off
•
@I
a pp roach
3·
(create) in 1 99 1 b y the arti st
. ( think) of the i dea
........................ .. . ..... ...
5·
.
...... .............................
(spend) that year o n stuff l i ke cups 6·
.................................... ( s tart)
h i m thi nking about consumeri sm, and he eventual ly
.
. . ............... ....... ...... .....
(promote) the i dea of B uy Noth i ng D ay.
S i nce i t was first l aunched, B uy Nothing Day 8·
..........
..
. ..
............... ..
....
(become ) a g l obal "holiday", w i th
participants and a w ide range of activ i ties i n n umerous
Nothi ng D ay, y o u
9·
.
.
............. ........ ............
g e t details of h o w i t
1 0·
..
.
. ( l o o k i t up) o n l i n e t o
. ....................... (celebrate ) i n your
area.
1.
I f I don 't h ave to wo r k late, I ' l l m eet you at six. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .
J a mes tol d me that ..............................................................
wh i s p e r I'$
$'
t u r n out ���
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . " I 've b e e n h o p i n g y o u wo u l d ca l l to n i g h t ! "
d eafe n i n g ��>
..
f e n ce�
� ca rry '*��� n ot h i n g to do w ith � sta rt over $ f i a n cee
sta re
he
U n less I
Com plete the sentences with a suitable word or p h rase below.
1\l
.
4. Com plete the sentences. Do not change the ori g i n a l mea n ing of the sentences.
, .1ke you laugh ! 2.
.
countri e s . If you wan t to participate in the next B u y
....... .. ..................
· · ........ .....
I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
when he -+. ............................... ... (realise) the amount of money
7·
J · re so lucky to be in New York ! It was so n ice of
·,u
.
.... ............ ............ .....
of coffee and desserts. That the
for putt i ng it off for so long.
you
2
Ted Dave. Dave
-�membered to
- :- c
Imagine one day a year where nobody
which
- A. nne,
- -: : e
3 . Com p l ete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
(buy) anyth i n g . Well, that ' s the aim of B uy Nothing Day,
go
•
Grammar
3. There 's Lady Gaga ! I 've been wa iti n g to see h er. There 's Lady G a g a , ...................... ......................................................
.
There 's a .................................... a ro u n d t h i s a rea beca use it's .................................... to the p u b l i c . !_ .
S o fa r, J eff a n d h i s .................................... have n 't to ld a nyon e that they' re .................................... .
"
The b a n d 's reh e a rsal was terri b l e to n i g h t . The s i nger kept .............................
, so we h a d t o
con sta ntly .................................... . •
M ost bookshops d o n ' t .................................... h e r n ovels, but th ey' re .. ....................
�
... o n l i n e .
The so u p h a d a ............ ...................... a ro m a, b u t i t wasn 't very .................................... .
.W:rJt � �-g" ' '
5.
.... .
. . . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . , .. . . . , . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
Com plete the sentences with a su itable word or p h rase.
1 . My favou rite types of books
.................. science
f i ction a n d fa ntasy n ove l s . 2 . I ' m b u y i n g two pa i rs o f shoes . ................................
.
they' re on sa le ! 3 . Neither Gwen nor h e r si ster ........... ....................... meat. They ' re both vegeta r i a n s . 55
VO CABULARY BUILDER
Fame
58
2
G o i n g G re e n
60
3
O n l i ne Wor l d
62
4
S e n se lt
64
5
Famil ies
66
6 A G ood B u y
68
/ s7
'-------
1 . Tra nslate the fol lowi ng words a nd expressions.
a utog ra p h
emerge
catc h :
bodyg u a rd
fool
a bus
crew
goss i p
a co l d
crowd
p u rsue
f i re
d rive
worsh i p
on e's breath si gh t of
e nterta i n ment fia ncee
controve rs i a l
so meone's eye
h e i ress
d isgra cefu l
take:
i dol
i m p ressive
a p h oto
i nfatuation
i n sta nt
c h a rge
passer- by
lavish
for g ra nted
performa n ce
l uxu rious
on e's time
performer
m a rvel l o u s
pride in
pol iticia n
n oto rious
someon e by su rprise
pop u l a rity
offen sive
go:
p ress u re
outra geou s
a b road
p u b l icity
overwhel med
ba l d
role model
s po i lt
blind
ta bl oi ds
stra i g ht
mad
ta lent scout
s u rrou nded
m i ss i n g
tre n d
wea lthy
wild
wi l l i n g i n the spot l i g ht 2.
Find the fol l owin g .
1 . six words that have the same verb a n d n o u n form
2 . at least five a dj ectives that cou l d d escribe the l ifestyle of m a ny celeb rities
3. fo u r n o u ns that a re j o bs o r p rofess ions
4. a col l ocatio n that m ea n s " visit a n other co u ntry "
ss j
---
C U n it 1 -
Tra nslate the fol lowi ng sentences.
-he wea lthy h e i ress needs a bodyg u a rd . ,...-·-- �
-a bloids a re fu l l of ce leb rity g ossi p . -
<
A.
0 ()
l a rge crowd p u rs u ed the yo u n g performer.
'> t:O c::
ca u g ht s i g h t of M a rk's f i a n cee yesterday. -
r
l ;:t>
�
�
� i chelle ha s gone a b road . S h e 's stay i n g at a l ux u ri ou s h ote l .
t:O
l e ��
I�
b ulary Fxt n� icn
- · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · - · · · · "" · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
, m I �
I
I
SUFFIXE S
..
t__._ _ __ .•
�.
Com p l ete t h e sentences b y adding a suffix to t h e words i n b rackets. M a ke a n y necessa ry cha nges.
M a ny .................................... (fa me) people l ive in th is .................................... (bea uty) a rea . 2 . The clothes i n t h i s shop a re .................................... (fash ion), but very .................................... (expe n se) . �
If you n eed .................................... (assist), plea se ca l l a m e m ber of the staff . Dave is a g reat .................................... (si n g ) . I d i d n 't k now h e was s o .................................... ( m u s ic).
J.
C l a i re's advice was n 't very .................................... ( u se) .
6 . W i n n i n g the ma rathon is a n a mazi n g .................................... (achieve) .
H ave you seen the latest .................................... ( p ro du ct) of t h i s p l ay? 8. H e co u l d n 't h i de h is .................................... (cu rious) a bout the n ew project .
5.
Com plete the passa g e with the expressions below. There m ay be more tha n one correct a nswer.
T h ey a re p ro b a b l y T h ey seem t o b e You ca n t e l l
•
•
•
I ' d say that
lt l o o ks l i ke
I s u p pose
•
Th i s p i ct u r e s h ows
• •
lt co u l d be that
•
Th is is a p i ct u r e of
I imagine
•
Pe r h a ps
1
. . . . . . .. . .. . .. ... .. . ... . . . .. .. . . . .. .. . . .. ..... ... .. ... .... .. ... a g ro u p of peop l e wa iting i n a qu eu e with bags a n d su itcases.
2·
.. . ..... .. ... .. .... . . ... ... . ..... . . ... ... . . . . . . . .. ... . .. ... .. . . they're at a stati o n .
4·
... . . . . .. . ... . .... . . .. .. . . .... . .. . . . ..... . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . . . they've been wa iti n g a long t i m e . .
when the tra i n comes !
3· .
. . .. ... .. .. . . . . . . . . .... .. . . . . . . . .... . ... .. . .... ... ..... .. . ... they' re very bored . .
5·
. ... . .... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ........ . . ..... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . they' l l be very re l i eved
1 . Tra nslate the fol lowi ng words a n d expressions.
a mo u nt
avo i d
a b reath of fresh a i r
belly
ban
a d rop i n t h e ocea n
ca rbon d ioxi d e
d estroy
d own to ea rth
crop
d evote
m a ke waves
d e b ris
e m it
ma ke a m o u nta i n out
fuel
i n g est
lack
i n ha bit
l a n df i l l
of a mole h i l l t h e s ky 's t h e l i m it the tip of the icebe rg
l itter
h a lfway
logg i n g
h a rmfu l
n i g ht m a re
va n i sh i nto t h i n a i r
ca rbon footprint
pol l ution
b rea k d own
envi ron menta l ly-fri e n d ly
sh ortcut
b r i n g up
g reen h ou se effect
trash
cut d own
m a ke o n e 's way
voyag e
pick u p
re n ewa b l e e n ergy
u se u p w i pe out 2. F i n d t h e fol l owi n g .
1 . a noun that is p a rt of the body
2. at least fo u r t h i n g s that affect the environ m ent negatively
3. two i d io m s that can be u sed to d escribe people
3. Which of the fol lowing c a n y o u
use up?
t i m e I s pace I peop l e I e n e rgy I food I frie n d s h i p
\
4 . Tra nslate t h e fol lowing sentences.
1 . We s h o u l d try a n d use more envi ro n m enta l ly-fri e n d ly p ro d u cts .
2 . We wa nte d to a rrive ea rly, so we too k a shortcut.
3 . She b roke d own when she hea rd that a l l the crops had been d estroyed in the fi re .
4 . Stop m a k i n g a mou nta i n o u t o f a m o l e h i l l . it's n ot so serious.
5 . H e d evotes a l ot of h is t i m e to i nform i n g people a bout the h a rmfu l effects of po l l uti o n .
ca_p_yJ�.�
'1: U n it 2 ..
J�.�-t.�.!l:�J.g.P.: . .
.
. ... .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
. . .
.
...
.
.
.....
.
. . . . . . . .... . .
.
. . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . .....
.
. . . . . . . .. . . . . ..... . . .. .
.
. . . .... . ..
. .
II <
: :-ffi.A SAL VERB S -
Tra nslate the p h rasal verbs i n bold.
l o
pay you back when I get my sa l a ry.
1 n
goi ng to p a y h i m b a c k for a l l the terri ble t h i n gs he said a bout m e .
m
-
:'s my treat . I ' l l pay for it.
-
H e ' l l pay for h i s m i sta k e .
6.
I' � m I� I
L_.
A l l h i s h a rd wo r k fi n a l ly p a i d off.
Match t h e p h rasal verbs i n I t o t h e i r m e a n i ngs i n 1 1 .
11
a . sta rt d o i n g a n a ctivity
H e a lways ta kes eve ryt h i n g out o n me. 2. S he ta kes a fter h e r mother.
b . g a i n control
3 . S h e decided to ta ke u p salsa d a n c i n g .
......... c. beh ave u n pleasantly
4. My d o g ta kes to c h i l d re n very q u i ckly.
.. ....... d. be s i m i l a r to
5 . The new own e rs a re ta k i n g over the
......... e . l i ke someone or someth i n g
com p a n y n ext month .
f.�P.:�t.�.Q P.�t-�.�-p._g�_�g�
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . .
7.
Com plete t h e m i n i-d ia log ues with t h e expressions below. There m a y b e more than
one correct a nswer.
O h , co m e o n
I see w h at yo u m e a n
•
Al l r i g ht t h e n
That's t r u e, b ut
•
•
•
Yo u 've g ot a poi nt
•
You ' re r i g ht
N ot rea l ly
1 . A: I th i n k ca rs s h o u l d be b a n ned from the city centre. B: .......... .. . . . . .. . .. . . . .. .. ... . . . That wo n 't wor k . .
..
.
.
..
.
.
.
...
.
..
.
..
.
.
2 . A: I believe everyon e s h o u l d o n ly u se enviro n m e nta l ly-fri en d ly p ro d u cts. B: . .... . . .... . . ... ..... ..... . .. .. . .. , but they ' re n ot a lways ava i l a b le eve rywhere. ..
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.. . .
3. A : I hea rd this resta u ra nt i s g reat. B: .... . . .. . . ... . . ... . . .... . . . . .. . , let 's go. .
..
.
..
...
.. . .
..
.
.
..
. .
..
4 . A : In my o p i n i o n , this i s a waste of t i m e . B: ... . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. ... . . . Let's d o somet h i n g else. .
.
.
.
.
..
....
.
..
.
. .
..
...
..
..
.
5. A: Do you wa nt to join us? B: .. .
. ...
....... .
... . . .
. . . . ............ ..... ... . I'm too t i red . ..
. .
..
.
..
I� I� l� gg� ��
They f i n a l ly pa i d off wh at they owed u s . -
I�
1 . Translate the fol lowi ng words a n d expressions.
p reve nt
depend on
b u rg l a r
re move
d i e of
close- u p
resta rt
hea r a bout I fro m I of
d evice
i n sist on
fence
affl u e nt
lean on
fi le
ava i la ble
re ly on
fleet
overj oyed
rem i n d a bout I of
folder
porta b l e
sea rch for
password
p ress i n g
.................................... stay at
pole
u pdated
.................................... th i n k a bout I of
tutorial u rge
log onto tidy u p
a ccess
t u r n out
c h a rge a m o b i l e ph on e I a l a ptop d ow n l oa d a song I a f i l m
crash
enter you r a ge I password
crawl
forwa rd an e-ma i l I a n attach ment
d e lete
a ccuse of
deny
a p ply for I to
expose
a rrive at I in
goog l e
com p l a i n a bout I of
(to be) o n l i n e
l a u nch
con sist of
socia l-n etwo r k i n g site
lean
post a message I i nformation
user-frie n d ly
2. Find t h e fol lowi n g .
1 . at l ea st five words that have got the same form as a n o u n a n d a verb
2 . an a dj ective that ca n d escribe a feel i n g 3 . at lea st five verbs re l ated t o com puters
3. Tra nslate the sentences.
1 . M a ny peo ple u se t h i s soc i a l - n etwo r k i n g site beca u se it i s user-frien d ly.
2 . What do you th i n k a bout th i s close- u p of h i m in the n ewspaper?
3. H e accused m e of deleti n g his e-m a i l s .
4 . W e tried t o restart o u r co m p uter after it crashed .
5. Log o nto my site a n d rea d my u pd ated b l og .
C" U n it 3
-- RD BUILDING
-
C o m plete the table. Use the d ictionary to he l p you . Verb
:) U n
Adjective
access -
ava i la b l e
expose re move -
affl uent
p revent Complete the sentences with a word from the chart.
_ ·
The l a bel on the jacket is .................................... , b u t you have to b uy it fi rst .
-
Many celebrities l ive a l ife of .................................... , but m o n ey does n 't a lways b uy h a p p i n ess.
-
This i nformation is n ot .................................... to everyo n e. Yo u n eed the passwo rd .
- .................................... of th is d i sease is poss i b l e with a h ea lthy l ifestyle. The vi l lage rs have h a d very l ittle .................................... to city l ife.
6.
Com pl ete the i nterview q uestions with a su itable expression below. There may be more than one correct answer. H ow l on g h ave you W h a t types of
•
•
H ow often d o you
•
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
.
. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
3
.
.....
4.
. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . ...
..
. . .
..
........................ ................. . ........
. . . . ..... . . . . .. . . . .. . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .
•
•
I n yo u r o p i n i o n ,
•
H ow d o y o u u su a l ly
H av e y o u eve r •
Do y o u t h i n k
W h at a re yo u r p l a ns for
1
..
Do you ever
What I VVh e re I W h o is you r favo u rite
W h a t w o u l d y o u l i ke t o
.
•
.
. ....... .............
l ived i n th i s n e i g h bo u rhood ? l ived i n a n other cou ntry ? s h o u l d E n g l ish be co m p u lso ry t o l e a r n at schoo l ? p la ce t o g o shopp i n g ?
5 . ............................................................................... get t o schoo l ? .
6.
. .. . . . . . . . . . ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........
yo u ' re d o i n g en ou gh t o save t h e envi ro n ment?
7. ............................................................................... see h a ppen i n you r school th i s yea r ? .
8.
.
. people d o y o u l i ke t o s p e n d ti m e wit h ?
. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
j 63
1 . Tra nsl ate the fol lowi ng words and expressions.
set off exh i b i t
accu rate
set (someone) back
fi rm
bitter
set up
fl avou r
bright
sta rt out
mood
deafe n i n g
sta rt ove r
odo u r
d i sg u st i n g
sta rt u p
patter n
fa i nt
p u rchase
nasty
h ave a sweet tooth
rhyth m
pale
g ive (som ebody) a taste
scent
p leasa nt
of h i s I h e r own m e d i c i n e ................................ .
ro u g h
co m mon sense
a p p roach
savou ry
go in one ear and out
re m a i n
sm oot h
sta re
tasty
keep i n to uch
sti n k
to u g h
see eye to eye
store
we i rd
the oth e r
stroke
a l l the rage
trigger
bring back
mouth-wateri n g
wh isper
bring (so meone) a l o n g
ta ke advantage of
2.
Find the fol lowi ng.
1 . fo u r a djectives t h a t ca n b e used t o d esc ribe food .
... ...... ... . .. . ...... . ......... .. ...
.
.... .
... .
'
.
.
. .. . . .
. . . . . . .. .
. . . ..
'
..
.
...
.. .. .... . ........ ... .... ........ .. .. ..... . .
...
. ..
.
'
.
..
.
2 . two n o u n s that a re s m e l l s
3 . a p h rasal v e r b t h a t means " beg i n somet h i n g a ga i n "
4. a n a dj ect ive that means the opposite of " norma l "
5 . th ree a dj ectives with a n eg ative co n n otation
6. a n i d i o m that you u se when peo ple a re in a g reement
---
.
�
�--��J
.
«· U n it 4 - · a n slate the fol lowi ng sentences. ,.., at rece nt p u rch ases h ave you made?
::: o u l d n 't hea r what they were sayi n g beca use they were w h isperi n g .
·.
-
l'i at is you r favo u rite ice crea m flavo u r?
� J m e smel l s ca n trigger ch i l d h ood memories.
-
e sta rted out as a n assi sta nt i n the f i rm .
T
o.c .��.Y.l.�.rY
..
. . g.�_t.�-� � J .9. P: .
. ...
. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . ... . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . ... . . . . .. . . . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
.
?.-USE FRIEND S .!
Read the sentences. Replace the words in bold with the correct translation from the l ist below. se ns i ble
•
d i rija
•
fingir
•
co nfere ncia • expo s i c i 6 n
•
The co l o u r ye l l ow does n 't a p peal to everyo n e . ................................... � ·
�
This fa bric h a s a sm ooth text u re . ..................................
tej i d o
•
atrae
.
..
We l i stened to a n i nterest i n g lecture a bout the senses . ........... ..................... . .
The fi rm i s too b i g for o n e person to m a n a ge . ..................
.
Be ca refu l what you say to h e r beca use s h e 's very sensitive . ........................
:). We tried to preten d that the food was ta sty. ................................... 7.
---------·-.1
.
There were many we i rd p a i nt i n g s at the exhib iti o n . ..................................
F.Y:P.:.�.t�.9. .IJ. �t .
. � �·�· g·�-�g. �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....
..
. . . . .. . . . ... . . . ....
..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ... . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .
.
5. look at the photos and com pl ete the sentences with a log ica l e n d i ng . r· - ·
1 . T h e two p ictu res a re s i m i l a r beca use ........
.. . .
. .. . . .
. ........... ..
. ...
. . . ................. .
.
. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
3 . H owever, i n some ways th ey a re very d iffe re nt beca u se .....................................................................................................................................
.
4. I n Pictu re A, there a re
.
2 . They both sh ow .......................................... ....................... ........................ . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......................................................................................
B ut i n Pict u re B , there a re .......................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................... . 5 . A n othe r d iffe ren ce between them i s ............................................................... .................................
6 . I p refe r Pict u re A I B beca use ................................................................................ .................................
..
.
.
..
........................................ ....... ........... .
1�---65
-···. ·
--
1 . Tra nsl ate the fol lowi ng words a n d expressions.
fa ke
.................................... fight back
bond
flee
get a l o n g
brother- i n - law
i n h erit
g row a pa rt
co u s i n
nod
l i ve u p to
g reat- g ra n dfather
overhea r
look u p to
nephew
ra ise
push (someon e) a ro u n d ................................... .
n i ece
ta ke after
referee
engaged
re lative
g ratef u l
sibl i ng
t u r n (someone) i nto
get to
.................................... j e a l o u s
spouse
p reg n a nt
n oth i n g to do with
widow
se lf-centred
o n ly c h i l d
single
settle for
b u ry
ta ke a b reak
cheer
b rea k u p
2. F i n d t h e fol lowi ng.
1 . a p h rasal ve rb that mea n s " ad m i re "
2 . a t least five n o u n s that refe r t o fa m i ly mem bers . .. .... ... .. . . ..... . . .
.
.
.
. . .
. . ..... .
'
................. .................. ... .. ...... . ... . ........ . .
'
.
..
. ..
.. .
. .
'
. ....... ................ ... .. ....... ........... ............ ...
.
..
.
'
.
.
....
3 . a n a dj ective that d escri bes a fee l i n g
4. a verb t h a t descri bes w h a t y o u do w h e n y o u a g ree with someone or someth i n g
3. Which o f t h e fol lowi ng c a n you inherit?
money I frie n d s I g ood looks I a h ouse I perso n a l ity tra its 4. Translate the fol lowi ng sentences.
1 . M y n e p h ew is e n g aged to a l ovely g i rl who i s an o n ly ch i l d .
2 . I n the sto ry, the pri nce was tu r n ed i nto a frog .
3 . The bond betwee n the s i b l i n g s was stron g a lt h o u g h they g rew u p i n d ifferent cities.
4 . I wa nt to h ave n oth i n g to d o with h i m beca u se h e's so self-centred .
5 . I ove rheard the referee com p l a i n i n g that it wasn 't a fa i r g a m e .
...................................
.
t
al tt a
Ex
C' U n it 5
n 1
-_�\1ILY IDIOMS ·
Read the sentences in I, paying attention to the idioms i n bol d . Match e a c h i d i o m t o its m ea ni ng i n 1 1 . H e 's a lways i n trou b l e . Tony is the b l a c k s heep of the fa m i ly .
-
My s i b l i n gs, p a re nts a n d g r a n d p a rents a l l h ave red h a i r. lt r u n s i n the fa m i ly .
_
D ave is d i shon est j u st l i ke h is father. The a p p l e d oesn 't fa l l fa r from the tree.
-
D o n 't te l l you r friends. Please keep it a l l i n the fa m i ly . We' re h a p py To m i s stay i n g w i t h u s . H e 's l i ke o ne of the fa m i ly . D o n 't a b a n d o n you r so n . H e 's yo u r f lesh a n d b l ood . 11
. a . restricted to peop l e i n the fa m i ly b . someth i n g that is co m m o n to fa m i ly me m bers c. d ifferent from the rest of the fa m i ly ..... d . you r i m med i ate relatives - ch i l d re n , s i b l i n gs, p a rents e . l i ke a m e m be r of the fa m i ly ..... f.
f 6.
l 1
g rows up to be s i m i l a r to a p a rent
"t .
)f
(
Read the expressions below. Which ones a re used to express a g reement (A}? Which ones a re used to express d isagreement (D)?
......... 1 .
That's n ot the poi nt.
......... 2 .
That's n ot the way I see it.
.. .
That's exactly what I th i n k .
.. ....
3.
......... 4 .
You ca n 't be serious .
......... 5 .
I k now what you mea n .
......... 6 .
H ow ca n y o u s a y that?
. . . 7.
You 've got a po i nt .
......... 8 .
Yo u ' re r i g h t .
......... 9 .
That's a good i dea .
.... ..
......... 1 0 . I ' m not s u re a bout that. 7.
Com p lete the sentences with a su itable expression from Exercise 6. There may be more than one correct answer.
1.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. . .
. .
lt seems wro n g to m e .
2. 3
.
I n ever thought of it that way u nti l n ow.
. . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I n e e d t o th i n k a bout it a b i t m o re .
4 . ............................................................................................................................... I feel exactly t h e s a m e way. .
1 . Tra nsl ate the fol lowi ng words a n d expressions.
exc h a n g e
pay a d ebt
ba rg a i n
nag
pay a fort u n e
bel o n g i n g s
spl u rge
p a y attention
benefit
tease
pay someone a co m p l i m ent
bonfi re b ra n d
m i sera b l e
pay someone a visit ................................... .
co n s u m e rism
overpriced
pay the b i l l s
debts
p rice conscious
pay the price
d i sco u n t
rea dy-m a d e
gad get
com e to
gea r
do b u s i n ess with
g ive out
m e rch a n d ise
do m o re h a rm than good
pi ck out
outlet
do o n e 's best
shop a ro u n d
pastim e
do o n e 's d u ty
snap up
price ta g
do someone a favo u r
stock u p on
rece i pt
do t h e s h o p p i n g
ref u n d
m a ke a deal
free of c h a rge
sh o pkeeper
m a ke a l ivi n g
free t ria l
sweatsho p
ma ke a m i sta ke
get rid of
stuff
m a ke a state ment
go out of b u s i n ess
m a ke a n effort
on sa l e
afford
m a ke an excuse
out o f bou n d s
ca rry
m a ke friends
2.
Find the fol lowi n g .
1 . a p h rasal verb that means " to co m pa re pri ces "
2 . at least five words that have the sa me form as a n o u n a n d a s a verb
3. a n exp ression that means " not h avi n g to pay a nyth i n g "
4. two a dj ectives that ca n be u sed to descr i be someone
3. W h i c h o f t h e fol lowi ng does N OT form a col location with t h e word do?
we l l I homework I l a u n d ry I conversation I you r s h a re
.·-6sl1 ._____
e U n it 6
- Tra nsl ate the fol lowi ng sentences. The sh op is g o i n g out of b u s i n ess, so there a re lots of g reat barg a i n s. -
C a n you do m e a favo u r a n d b uy some rea dy-made food o n the way h o m e ?
- . S h e d oesn 't m a ke friends easily beca use s h e 's a lways m isera b l e .
<
la In i> I to l e:
lII r>� � �
I exch a n ged th e ca m p i n g g e a r a n d rece ived a refu n d .
J.
�--------!I
I ca n 't afford a ny of t h i s stuff beca u se it's so overpriced .
I
I�
l t=
\(Q_�_9.J?.Y
.. . .
.
.. .
Y.
.. .
! o l t'Tj
. _g_�.t�.P.: � J.Q. P.: . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
COMPOUND ADJECTIVE S 5.
I�
I
l
---.1
-
!
M atch I to 1 1 to form as m a ny compound adjectives as you ca n. Use a d i ctionary to help you . S o m e o f t h e words i n 1 1 c a n b e used with more tha n one word i n I . 11
1 ' over
a . wo rki n g
2. ready
b . m i n d ed
3 . h a rd
c . fa mous
4. pa rt
d . co nscious
5 . wo rld
e. centred
6. self
f.
7 . o pe n
g. time
8. p rice
h. made
p rice d
6. Com pl ete t h e sentences with a su itable compound adj ective from Exercise 5 .
1 . H e 's a ............................................. m i l l i o n a i re . H e g ot n o h e l p f ro m a nyon e . 2 . T h i s is a ............................................. j o b . Pe rhaps w e wi l l b e a ble t o offer y o u m ore h o u rs i n t h e futu re . 3 . These c lothes a re ............................................. . I wo n 't s p e n d t h a t a m ou n t o f m o n ey. 4. We didn 't have time to cook, so we bought .. ........................................... food .
5 . H e 's a ............................................. m a n w h o n ever th i n ks a bout oth e r people .
.f.Y.P.:.�t..�.Q-�_9.:.l.. �-�P.:g_y_9.: g� .
7.
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Com p l ete the sentences with a suitable expression below.
Yo u w on 't be sorry.
Do y o u t a k e cre d i t c a r d s ?
•
H ave y o u g ot a nyt h i n g c h e a p e r ?
•
•
T h ey/re t o p q u a l i ty.
I ' m afra i d we 've r u n o u t of t h os e .
1 . I'd l i ke to pay. .............................................................................. . .
2 . ....... ... .. .. . .. .. . . . . . .. . . ... . . .. .... . ... ..... ............. S h a l l I look for a n oth e r style? .
3.
..
.
..
.
.
...
.
.....
..
.
.
. ...... ..... . . . ........ .. . .. . .......... . .... .... .. . ........ .. .. That's why t h ey ' re so expens ive . .
...
.
..
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
4. These s h i rts a re too expe n sive . .............................................................................. .. _
!69________ L
-________
EXAM PRACTICE
j
1
Th i n k Ecoto u rism
2
Where H ave Al l the G ra n d pa rents Gone?
3
Sport for Peace a n d M o re
4
Coober Pedy - Wh ite M a n 's Hole i n the G ro u n d
5
Presenti n g t h e M ocku mentary
6
The Chooky Dance rs
1l Think Ecotourism Tom was really excited - at least for a short time. Last n ight, his parents came home and announced that the family was going on holiday to an i sland that is famous for its waves. Immediately, images of a luxurious hotel, with its own private beach, came to Tom 's mind. Sadly for him, this was not to be. Their accommodation was going to be in a "homestay" - living together with a local family. Tom's parents explained to him that touri sm consumes massive amounts of energy and i s a huge contributor to the destruction of our planet. For thi s reason, they will use transport and services that use less energy, thereby reducing environmental damage. They assured him that this was the only way to minimi se their carbon footpri nt (the amount of carbon emissions each of us creates). Tom and his family are going to be ecotourists. Ecotourism means travelling to isolated areas where tourists can enjoy the scenery, wildlife and local culture, while at the same time improving the lives of the local people and helping conserve the environment. Tourists stay in environmentally-friendly accommodation or l ive with the locals in a homestay. There, they can choose to unwind and take in the local sites or go out into the fields to help harvest the crops. In this way, both the tourists and the locals exchange something more significant than just money. I nterestingly, ecotourism has now become so popular that it is not uncommon to see luxury ecotourism packages advertised, promi sing all the luxuries of an expensive holiday with the added benefit of knowing that you are doing your bit to save the planet. So, if you want to travel like Tom and his family, reduce your carbon footprint, and still ensure that you are travelling both comfortably and responsibly, check out the destinations listed on the International Ecotourism Society website. And if that doesn't work for you, you can always ride your bike to the nearest national park and simply pitch your tent there.
1.
Choose the correct answer.
1 . If you stay in a " ho m estay " , you a lways . . . . a . re lax a n d ta ke i n t h e loca l s ites b. work in the fields c . stay i n the h o m e of a l oca l fa m i ly 2 . The I nternati o n a l Ecoto u rism Society we bsite has . . . . a . a l i st of envi ro n menta l ly-fri en d ly travel d esti nations b . i nfo rmation a bout Tom a n d h i s fa m i ly
3. Find words or expressions i n t h e text that mear
1 . h u g e (pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . relax (pa ra g ra ph 2 ) 3 . u n u s u a l (para g ra p h 3) 4. exa m i n e (para g ra p h 3) 4. Com pl ete the sentences using the information
g iven i n the text. 1 . Tom m ust h ave been d i sappoi nted when ..
c . l uxu ry h o l i day packages a dvertised 2. C a rbon footp ri nts a re the resu lt of ............ . 2 . Decide if the fol lowi ng sentences a re T (True)
or F (Fa lse). Find evidence i n the text to j u stify you r answers. ......... 1 . Our p la n et i s being da maged by t h e to u ri st i n d u st ry.
5. Write a com position of about 1 00- 1 50 words
in you r notebook. Choose O N E o ption . 1 . A n o p i n i o n essay: What is you r ideal hol iday? G ive reasons. 2. A for and a g a i n st essay: The advantages a n d
......... 2 . Loca l people benefit fro m ecotou rism .
......... 3 . Ecoto u rism mea n s stay i n g i n s i m p l e accom modati o n .
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d i sa dva ntages o f a n ecotou rism h ol iday.
�·' Exam Practice
Where Have All the Grandparents Gone? After their second freezing winter in Manchester, retired teacher Col in and his wife Angela made a life-changing decision. They would say goodbye to the UK, their family and friends, and start a new life i n the sun. After checking out a few alternati ves, a decision was made to move to a small village in the South of France. Colin explains, "Once I ' d retired, I found it really e xpensive being at home all day. My heating bills soared and I felt trapped in the gloomy English climate." Colin and Angela are two British pensioners, out of more than three million, who have chosen somewhere else in Europe to live, mainly i n Spain and the South of France. The ri sing cost of living and the bad climate in the U K are the main reasons for their leaving. With the emergence of the European U nion, all European pensioners could move if they wanted to and still receive their pensions. H owever, it seems that thi s is a phenomenon typical of Bri tish pensioners. Consequently, estate agents in Spain and France actively target them, selling them the dream of a "life in the sun". There are some towns on the Costa del Sol i n Spain where it is hard to find a Spanish speaker, and fish and chip shops and golf courses are everywhere . B ritish retirees are generally recei ved with enthusiasm since much of the local economy is dependent on the newcomers' money. B ritish pensioners, who are looking for an authentic French village or a livelier town under the Spanish sun, can find one at a bargain price, while still receiving their B ritish pensions. It seems that it is now up to the British travel agents to target the grandchildren - "Holidays in France and Spain at unbelievable prices, with a trip to visit Grandma and Grandpa thrown in, too !"
I
I I I
I
1.
Choose the correct answer.
1 . C o l i n a n d Angela decided to leave the U K beca use . . . . a . C o l i n wa nted to teach i n a s m a l l vi l l a g e i n t h e South o f Fra nce
5.
Decide if the fol lowi ng sentences a re T (True) or F (False). Find evidence in the text to j u stify you r answers.
......... 1 . B ritish pensi o n e rs receive th e i r pensions wh i l e l iv i n g outs i d e of E n g l a n d .
c . they were reti red
a . l ive i n S pa i n a n d the South of F ra n ce
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I �
' > I n
b . l ife i n E n g l a n d was too expen s ive a n d cold 2 . Th ree m i l l i on B ritish pensioners . . . .
m
......... 2 . H o u s i n g i n S pa i n a n d i n the South of F ra n ce is more affo rd a b l e t h a n i n the U K .
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n m
b . left the U K beca use of t h e bad cli mate c. l ive e l sewhere in E u rope ......... 3 . B ritish t ravel a gents a re offeri n g hol i d ays 2.
Com p l ete these sentences using the i nformation given i n the text.
to S pa i n with a free tri p to visit the gra n d p a ren ts .
1 . Al l E u ropean pensioners have t h e right to ........ 2 . As t h i s is a B ritish p h e n o m e n o n , ....... ............................. .. 6. Write a com position o f about 1 00- 1 50 words
3 . Find words or expressions in the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . decreased (pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . b r i g ht (para g ra p h 1 ) 3 . d isap pea ra n ce (pa ra g ra p h 2 )
in your notebook. Choose O N E option . 1 . A d i a l og u e : Write a d ia l o g u e between C o l i n a n d Jack, a recent B ritish reti ree w h o i s p l a n n i n g to move to the South of Fra nce. 2. An i nterv i ew: Write a n i nterv i ew between a n estate a gen t a n d a B ritish pensioner w h o wa nts to b uy a h o u se i n the C osta del Sol .
4 . Rewrite t h e sentence without chang ing its ori g i n a l mea n i ng .
The r i s i n g cost o f l iv i n g a n d t h e bad c l i mate a re the reasons for th e i r leavi n g . They left ...................................................................................................... .
i I L-·---------: -·
Sport for Peace and More The scene was a familiar one - a basketball match . Like in any such event, the tension could be felt in the air. Everyone took a deep breath as Ruba stood ready to shoot. She stood, aimed and effortlessly shot the ball into the hoop. There was an enthusiastic cheer as the crowd expressed their joy. However, this was more than just another match. This was the realisation of a young Iraqi girl ' s dream - to be just like everyone else and to have the opportunity to play sport. Sports lessons, tournaments and camps are a part of a child's normal everyday life in the developed world. Whether a child chooses to participate or not, they have endless opportunities. Yet, in much of the developing world, where war is too often the norm, sport is not always part of a child's reality. Sport for Peace, run by UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), understands that sport can be a method for change in areas of conflict and hardship. They assert on their website that: "Sport is a powerful tool to strengthen social ties and networks, and to promote ideals of peace, fraternity, solidarity, non-violence, tolerance and justice." In El Salvador, where tensions have long existed with neighbouring Honduras, a Sport for Peace programme was set up to encourage greater participation in physical education and sport, in order to put a stop to violence, drug use and hatred. And in Mozambi que, a country where talking about AIDS is taboo, a sports programme was also set up to provide information about HIV and AIDS. The participants were provided with unique sporting opportunities and educational sessions about AIDS prevention and treatment. With numerous other such projects and organisations using sport to encourage cooperation, friendship and peace, it goes without saying that sport can do more than simply produce a healthy body and mind.
1.
Choose the correct a nswer.
3.
1 . The c rowd was very enth u si a stic beca use . . . . a . R u ba was t h e i r favo u rite bas ketba l l pl ayer
Rewrite the sentences without changing their orig i n a l m ea n i ng .
1 . A Sport f o r Peace p rog ra m m e w a s set u p to en co u rage g reater pa rticipation in physica l
b . R u ba was l i ke everyo ne e lse
ed ucation a n d spo rt .
c. R u b a 's participation was t h e rea l i sation of a
G reater pa rtici pation ...................................................................
d rea m
.
2 . C h i l d ren i n the d eveloped wo rld . . . . a . h ave many sport i n g oppo rtu n ities
2 . I n M oza m b i q ue, ta l k i ng a bout A I D S is ta boo .
b . have to go to ca m p
lt is
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
c . don 't l i ke t o belong t o a sports tea m 3 . The Sport fo r Peace p rog ra m m e i n E l Sa lvad or . . . . Find words in the text that mean:
a . ca used a wa r with H o n d u ras
4.
b . se n t pl aye rs to H o n d u ras
1 . without d ifficu lty
c. a i med to red u ce viole nce and d ru g use
(pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . go on a n d on (pa ra g ra p h 2)
2 . Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True)
or F (Fa l se). Find evidence i n the text to j ustify you r answers. ......... 1 . A sports p ro g ra m m e was esta b l ished i n
3. to m a ke stron ger (pa ra g ra ph 3) 4 . esta b l i shed (pa ra g ra p h 4)
Moza m b i q u e t o promote A I D S awaren ess . 5.
Write a composition of a bout 1 00- 1 50 word s i n you r notebook. Choose O N E option.
1 . An o p i n io n essay: Do you a g ree that sport ......... 2 . The write r b e l i eves t h at sport doesn 't rea l ly cont rib ute to p romot in g peace .
ea �
b r i n g a bout c h a n g e i n everybody's l ife 7 Exp l a ...
t h e reasons for yo u r a n swer. 2 . An i n te rv i ew: I nterview R u ba a bout her expe riences playi n g basketba l l a n d h e r trip to the U SA .
74
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C: Exa m Practice
Coober Pedy - White Man's Hole in the Ground After a gruelling 850 km drive from Adelaide, with virtually nothing to look at but the Australian desert, or the "Outback" as the locals like to call it, you eventually reach Coober Pedy, the opal capital of the world. Following the discovery of massive quantities of precious opal gemstones by Willie Hutchinson i n 1 9 1 5 , fortune seekers from all over the country came to this isolated area in search of the valuable, colourful stones that would make them rich . Armed with little more than a pick and shovel, these early miners began tunnelling underground. Word spread fast, and Coober Pedy, or "White Man's Hole in the Ground", as the local Aborigines called it, was founded. At first glance, the town looks almost deserted, with nothing but a few shacks, the occasional bush and a small number of trees. Scattered over the landscape are tall pipes that operate as ventilation spouts, providing oxygen to the people livi ng and working underground. With temperatures of over 40 degrees in summer and as low as 6 degrees in winter, the weather conditions can make life above ground unbearable. As a result, the early settlers decided that they would stay underground 24 hours a day, where temperatures remained comfortable all year. Over time, abandoned mines were converted into homes, known as "dugouts", which is where most of the locals live to this day. The opal capital of the world is not a pretty place, yet it is well worth a visit. So, if you want to experience life in an underground town, and pick up a few opals while you are there, I strongly recommend a stay in Coober Pedy, i n the middle of the Australian nowhere.
1.
3. Decide if the fol lowi ng sentences a re T (True) or F (False). Find evidence in the text to j u stify you r answers.
Choose the correct a nswer.
1 . The " O utback " refers to . . . . a . C oober Pedy
......... 1 . " Wh ite M a n 's Hole in the G rou n d " was
b. the Au stra l i a n desert
the n a m e g iven to the town by W i l l ie
c. the roa d from Ad elaide to C oober Pedy
H utch i n so n .
2. W i l l i e H utch i nson . . . .
-1
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a . was a n Abori g i n e b . w a s d iscovered i n 1 9 1 5
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c . u n covered l a rge d epos its of opa l s i n the a rea
......... 2 . T h e ta l l p i pes a re essenti a l for l i fe u nd e rg ro u n d .
3. W h ich of the fo l lowi n g is essential to the peop l e o f C oober Pedy?
L
b. ve ntilation spo uts
L
____ ___
c. sh acks
4. Answe r the q uestion.
Why is the isolated town of C oober Pedy sti l l
Find words or expressions i n the text that m ea n :
attractive to visitors?
1 . exha usti n g (pa ra g ra p h 1 ) 2 . a solitary p la ce (pa ra g ra p h 2 ) 3 . a ba n doned (paragra p h 3 )
5.
4. severe a n d p hysica l ly u ncomfo rta ble (paragraph 4)
I
I
a. trees
2.
n m
................................... .
Write a com position of about 1 00- 1 50 words in you r notebook. Choose ONE option.
1 . A fo r and a g a i nst essay: The a dva nta ges and d i sa dva nta ges of l ivi n g u n dergro u n d . 2 . A d esc r i pt i o n : Desc ribe a town o r city that yo u h ave visited .
,
Presenting the Mockumentary It was 8 pm on S unday, 30th October 1 938, and millions of Americans were sitting around their wirelesses listening to a radio show, when it appeared to be intenupted by a news broadcast. Listeners were told that "a huge flaming object" had fallen from the sky onto a farm in New Jersey, and aliens from another planet were exiting what appeared to be a spaceship. The nation panicked. The broadcast was so lifelike that it seemed to actually be happening. In fact, the broadcast was a radio play, adapted from H .G. Wells' 1 898 novel, The War of the Worlds. The location had been changed, but the story was still that of a Martian invasion of Earth. Orson Welles, the creator, was accused of purposely causing nationwide panic. However, what he was really aiming to do was to produce a new style of entertainment which would blur the line between reality and fiction . This genre would later become known as the mockumentary. Mockumentaries appear to be documentaries relating real-life events interspersed with interviews. I nitially, the audience may think that what they are witnessing is real, but the often outrageous content ultimately makes it clear that it is, in fact, a fictional representation . One of the best examples of this genre is the British TV series The Office, which portrays the daily running of a paper company in an ordinary English town. At first glance, the manager, David B rent, is seemingly professional, but the viewer soon realises that he's completely unprofessional, and his staff is unmotivated and ordinary. The scenarios that arise in the workplace are both embanassing and hilarious. The genius of this show, and other successful mockumentaries, is the combination of clever scriptwriting along with improvisations by talented actors, and the use of seemingly hidden cameras that record events as they "unfold". This is achieved through the use of satire, while pushing the traditional boundaries of film making. However, if the audience misses the opening credits, they may mistakenly believe that they are watching the news, which could once again result in panic.
1.
Choose the correct answer.
3.
1 . Wirelesses ( l i n e 1 ) refe r to . . . . a . co m p ute rs without w i res
Com pl ete the sentences using the information g iven i n the text.
1 . An E n g l ish paper com p a n y is .................................................. ..
b. h u g e fla m i n g obj ects c. rad ios
2 . U n l ess the a u d ience ...................... .................................................. ..
2. O n S u n day, 3 0th Octo ber 1 93 8 , m a n y people tho u g ht they were l i ste n i n g to . . . . a . a mockumenta ry
4. Find words or expressions in the text that
b . a n ews b roadcast c. a weath e r forecast
)
3 . M a n y peo ple p an icked beca use . . . . a . they were co nvi n ced a l i ens h a d la nded b . a l iens we re a bout to l a n d c . a l i e n s h a d l a n ded 2.
Decide if the fol lowi ng sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). Find evidence in the text to j ustify you r answers.
......... 1 . The War of the Worlds wa s o ri g i n a l ly a ra d i o play.
mea n : 1 . rea l istic (para g ra p h 1 ) 2 . m a ke u n clea r (pa ra g ra p h 2) 3. shoc k i n g (pa rag ra p h 3 ) 4 . l i m its (paragra p h 5) 5.
Write a com position of a bout 1 00- 1 50 words in you r notebook. Choose O N E o ption.
1 . An o p i n i o n essay: I n you r opi n i o n , a re mocku menta ries a good form of enterta i n ment? Exp l a i n why o r why not. 2. A fo r a n d a g a i n st essay: What a re the
......... 2 . M ock u m enta ries a p pear to be docu me nta ries, but a re in fact fictiona l .
......... 3 . The Office is n ot a good exa m p l e of a mock u me ntary.
:-76]
a dva nta ges and d isadva nta ges of watch i n g a mock u menta ry?
fr Exa m Practice
The Chooky Dancers Ten young Aboriginal men, covered in white facial paint and dressed in traditional clothes, are on stage . The crowd is quiet and respectful as they wait for the men to begin a traditional Aboriginal dance depicting a tale from the "Dream time" - the Aboriginal story of creation. A techno version of the theme song from the 1 964 film Zorba the Greek begins to play, surprising the audience. They go wild, watching the dancers moving to the music. This fusion of Aboriginal and Greek cultures is both innovative and hilarious. Unknown to everyone, this is the start of something big for the Chooky Dancers of Elcho Island, located off the coast of Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia. Dance, used for telling stories about Dreamtime, has always been an important aspect of Aboriginal culture . For Aborigines, Dreamtime was when the world was created by massive creatures that looked like animals, plants and insects . As the creatures roamed the world in search of food and water, they created the mountains, valleys and plains. These mythical creatures then passed on their wisdom to the Aborigines, who protected their heritage and traditional way of life through various ceremonies, songs and dances still practised to this day. For young people growing up in remote parts of Australia, such as Elcho Island, their heritage is very important. However, they are not cut off from other cultures. Modern technologies, such as the Internet, with its ability to reach the most remote places on the planet, have exposed the Aborigines to other cultures and vice versa. In 2007, the world was introduced to the Chooky Dancers, who uploaded their version of Zorba the Greek onto YouTube . Their success was i n stantaneous - "These boy s came from nowhere, and after 1 2 months they are celebrities themse l v e s , " - e xplained their manager, Frank Dj irrimbilpilwuy. The magic of the Chooky Dancers is their ability to combine traditional Aboriginal dance with music and dance styles from other cultures. They are also very funny to watch. The Chooky Dancers' success has given young Aboriginal teenagers throughout Australia a sense of pride and enthusiasm.
1.
Choose the correct answer.
3.
1 . The a u d ience is goi n g w i l d beca u se . . . .
Com plete the sentence using the i nformation g iven in the text. By u p l oa d i n g t h e i r video onto YouTu be, ...................... .
a . they love tec h n o m u sic b . they love the film Zorba the Greek c. the performa n ce is both u n expected a n d h u m orous
4. Answer the question.
2. The d a n ce rs . . . .
Accord i n g to the writer, what i s the C hooky
a . expected to become fa mous
D a n cers ' g reatest success?
b . d i d n 't know that they were a bout to become fa mous c. were fa mous i n G reece 5.
Find words or expressions i n the text that mean:
2. Decide if the fol lowi ng sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa l se). Find evidence i n the text to j ustify you r a nswers.
2 . fu n ny (pa rag ra p h 1 )
......... 1 . Abor i gi nes be l i eve that massive creatu res
3 . t rave l l ed (pa ra g ra p h 2)
created the " D rea mti me " .
1 . com b i nation (pa rag ra p h 1 )
4 . isol ated (paragra p h 3 ) 6. Write a com position o f about 1 00- 1 50 words
......... 2 . M yth i ca l c reatu res g ave thei r knowl edge to the Abor i g i nes.
in you r notebook. Choose O N E option . 1 . An i nfo r m a l l etter: Write a lette r to a friend d escri b i n g a n u n us u a l performance that you h ave seen rece ntly.
......... 3. Peo p l e o n E l c ho Is la n d a re n ot exposed to oth e r c u l t u res .
2 . A n o p i n i o n essay: Do you p refe r l ive perfo r m a n ces or l i ste n i n g to m usic C Ds ? Exp l a i n yo u r a nswer.
APPENDICE S
Student Lea r n i n g Record Tra n slation Exercises I rreg u l a r Verbs Ph rasal Verbs Prepositions
-- rL-79 ______
Ur1it 1 I
ca n . . . .
Need to i m prove
G ood at t h i s
Very g ood at t h i s
Need to i m p rove
Good at t h i s
Very g ood at t h i s
u se p i ct u res a n d a titl e to p red ict conte nt u se an a p p ro p riate strategy to a n swer Tru e I Fa l se q u estions recogn ise and u se com mo n co l locations and suffixes u se the Prese nt a n d Past Perfect C onti n u ou s tenses correctly use g e r u n d s a n d i nfin itives correctly
ta l k a bout a p i ct u re write a for a n d a g a i n st essay, u s i n g con nectors of a d d iti o n , contrast a nd exa m p le
Tn it I
J.
can . . . .
rea d a text for general i nformation use a n a p p rop riate strategy to a n swer m u lti p l e-choice q uestion s recogn ise a n d use com mo n p h rasa l v e rb s a n d i d ioms u se modals a n d modal perfects correctly u se the co rrect l a n g uage for reach i ng an a g reement write a for m a l l etter of com p l a i nt
lJn it 1 I
ca n . . . .
i d e ntify the m a i n i dea of a p a ra g ra p h u se a n a p p ro p r i ate strategy t o com p l ete se nte nces reco g n i se a n d use com mon verbs a n d p reposition s u se the pass ive ten ses an d the cau sative cor rectly con d uct a perso n a l i nte rview, a s k i n g a n d a n sweri n g q u estions write a n o p i n ion essay, usi n g con nectors of ca use, resu lt a nd p u rpose
Need to i m prove
G ood at t h i s
Very g ood at t h i s
If Student Lea r n i n g Record
Unit 4 I
ca n . . . .
Need to i m p rove
Good at t h i s
Very good at t h i s
Need to i m p rove
Good at this
Very good at t h i s
sca n a text for specific i nfo rmation use a n a pp ropri ate strategy to a n swer open q u estions recog n ise and use com mo n p h rasa l verbs and i d io ms u se reported speech correctly com p a re a n d contrast p ict u res write a d escription of an eve nt, u s i n g a dj ectives a n d a dverbs to add i nte rest
Unit 5 I
ca n . . . .
m a ke i nferences when rea d i n g a text use a n a p p ro p ri ate strategy to f i n d synonyms a n d a ntonyms use the correct form of a word recog n ise and u se p h rasal verbs a bout fa m i ly recog n ise and u se both d efi n i n g and n on-defi n i ng cla u ses express a g reement and d isag reement
write a n a rrative, u s i n g express io n s of t i m e a n d seq ue nce
Unit 6 I
can . . . .
use p ro n o u n referen ces to u nd e rsta n d a text recog n ise a n d u se com mo n col l ocations a n d p h ra sa l verbs form con d itio n a l sente n ces, time c l a u ses and wish c l a u ses correctly use the correct l a n g u ag e for s h o p p i n g write a s u m m a ry o f a text u s i n g p a ra p h ra s i n g
Need to i m prove
Good at t h i s
Very good at t h i s
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UNIT 1
4 . T i m n u nca l l ega ta rd e . S u coch e h a debido d e
2 . (_ C u a n d o te d i ste cuenta d e q u e te h a bfa n
5. Debido a l efecto i nve rn a d ero, la tem peratu ra del
1 . M is p a d res s i e m p re se h a n e n org u l lecido de m i .
enganado?
3 . N u nca me h a i nte resad o coti l l ea r sobre fa mosos.
ave ri a rse.
p l a n eta p uede subir m u cho .
6 . M a s vale q u e n o to mes pa rte en l a p rotesta : pod rfa volverse violenta .
4. La i m p resiona nte carre ra d e A l mod6va r l o h a conve rtido e n u n ico n o cu ltu ra l p a ra n u estro pafs.
5. La pol i cfa l l eva ba t re i nta m i n utos pers i g u ien d o a l
sospech oso c u a n d o f i n a l me nte l o cog i 6 .
7 . E l gobierno debe rfa h a ber gasta d o mas d i n e ro en energ fa s re n ova bles.
8 . Sera m ej o r q u e p a re m os l a exp l otaci6n foresta l i lega l porq ue esta d estruye n d o n uestros bosq ues.
6 . P a r i s H i lton esta ba d i sg u sta d a porq u e u n peri6d i co sensacio n a l i sta h a b fa p u b l icado q u e l l evaba toma n d o d rogas d esde q u e e ra u n a a dol esce nte .
7 . Lleva mos q u ej a n donos de la esca n d a l osa con d u cta d e n u estros n uevos veci nos desde q u e s e m u d a ro n .
8 . C a m e ro n D i a z esta ba a br u m a d a p o r e l n u mero de ad m i ra d o res q u e l l eva ba n horas espera n d o
UNIT 3
1 . Las pa g i n as web de red es socia l es son util izadas por m i l lon es de person a s en todo e l m u n d o .
2 . A l g u nos m6vi les viejos tienen q u e ca rga rse todos Ios d fa s.
3. A S a n d ra le ent rega ron su n u evo portati l esta manana.
p a ra verl a . 4 . L a mayo rfa de l a s pa g i n a s d e I n ternet son co nsi d era d a s basta nte seg uras.
UNIT 2
1 . Debemos e m pezar a recicla r n u estra basu ra pa ra sa lva r n u estro p l a neta .
2 . Debes hace r ca m b i os en tu vida d i a ria p a ra red uci r tu h u e l l a de ca rbo n o .
3 . N o deberfa n constru i r e l n u evo vertedero ce rea de n u estro barrio.
l
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5. Los a rt fc u l os d e l a W i k i pedia pueden ser esc ritos
por c u a l q u iera con a cceso a I nte rnet.
6 . M e esta n a rreg l a n d o l a va l l a porq u e resu lt6 d a n a d a en l a to rmenta l a se m a n a pasa d a .
7 . A todos Ios usua rios se l es va a envi a r u na n ueva contrasena ta n p ronto como sea pos i b l e .
ft Tra n slation Exe rcises "'
L C6mo p uedo h ace r q ue ba rren m is fotos d e
Goog le?
UNIT 4
5. J o h n , cuyos p a d res son verd a d era mente
estri ctos, n u n ca con s i g u e h acer l o q u e q u iere .
6 . N u n ca olvi d a re el d ia en q u e m i m a rido y y o n os prometi mos.
1 . A l g u nos a l u m n os afi rma ron q u e h a b ia sido u n exa m e n basta nte d ifici l .
7. H oy l a mayoria de I a s p a reja s esta n cria n d o a u n solo h ijo en Espa n a , d on d e l a gente esta soltera
2 . M e p reg u nta ba c6 m o u n a foto pod ia p rovoca r
h asta I os trei nta .
u nas emociones ta n fuertes . 8 . M a ry, q u e es basta nte egocentrica, ro m p i 6 con 3 . S u pe rd ru g neg6 q u e se a provech a ra de c l i entes i n ocentes pa ra h acerles gasta r d i n e ro .
4 . Papa se q u ej6 d e q u e n o pod ia soporta r ese r u i d o ensordeced o r.
su novio l a sem a n a pasad a .
UNIT 6
1 . Yo me h a ria a rti sta si fuera posi ble g a n a rse l a vida con el a rte .
5. Q u eria n saber c ua nto t ie m po h a bia estad o
tra baj a n d o S a ra h p a ra u n a com pa n ia fi n a nciera en Lo n d res.
2 . Ta n p ronto co mo haya u n d escuento en estas chaq u etas, se a gota ra n .
6 . J usti n a cced i6 a q ue d a rse despues d e la fiesta pa ra recoger.
3 . Yo, en t u l u g a r, n o derroch a ria ta nto d i n e ro e n
7 . Le p reg u nta ron a l senor Andersen si h a ria a l g u n sabor ra ro de he l a do en e l fut u ro .
4 . Oja l a h u b i e ra m os p restad o mas atenci6n a l a
8 . Tom me a dvi rti6 q u e n o aca rici a ra a su perro
5. Oja l a p u d i e ra permitirme viaj a r a las p r6x i m a s
porq u e podia m orderme.
UNIT 5
1 . Los pe rros, q u e pueden i n c l u so n ota r el m iedo e n las person a s, son u nos a n i m a les m uy i ntel i gentes .
2 . J i m my se ha confo rmado con u n t ra baj o e n u n peq u e n o p u e bl o d e l q u e n u n ca h a b ia o id o h a b l a r.
ro pa d e d iseno.
exp l i caci 6 n .
o l i m piadas.
6 . ( M e h a rias u n favo r y m e p resta rias d i n ero si q u isie ra un cache n uevo ?
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7 . No h a b ria n encontrado u n a ga n ga ta n b uen a si n o h u biera n estado de tienda en t ien d a com pa ra n do p recios d u ra nte horas. 8. A M i ke n o l e h a ra n un ree m bo l so a n o ser q u e encuentre el recibo q u e l e d ie ron .
3 . S a l ly, q u e necesita tom a rse u n desca n so en el tra baj o, esta b usca n d o u n a pa rtame nto e n l a costa.
4. Mi prima J ason s i e m p re se l l eva bien con la ge nte con l a q u e tra baj a .
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IRRE GULAR VERB S be /bi:/ beat /bi:t/ beco m e / b i ' kAm/
beg i n / b 1 ' g m / bend /bend/ bet / bet/ b ite /ban/ bleed / bl i:d/ blow /bt:>u/ brea k / brerk/ bri ng /bnu/ b u i l d / brld/ b u rn /bJ:n / bu rst /bJ:st/ buy / bar/ catch / kc.etf I choose / tf u:z/ co m e /kAm/
cost /knst/ cut / kAt/ dea l / di:l/ d ig / d ig/ do / du:/ d raw /dn:/ d ream / dri: m /
was I were /wnz/wJ:/ beat /bi:t/ beca me / b i ' kerm/ beg a n / b i ' gc.en/ bent / bent/ bet /bet/ bit /brt/ b l ed /bled/ b l ew /blu:/ b roke /brduk/ b ro u g ht /bn:t/ b u i lt /bilt/ bu rnt I bu rned / bJ:n t/ bJ:nd/ bu rst /bJ:st/ bought /b::n/ ca u g ht / b:t/ ch ose ltfduz/ came /kenn/ cost /knst/ cut / kAt/ dea l t I delt/ dug /dAg/ d i d /drd/ d rew / dru:/ d reamt I d reamed
beg u n /br' g,m / bent / be n t/ bet /bet/ b itten / 'brtn/ b l ed / bled/ b l own /bl;:wn / broken / 'brdukn / brought /bn:t/ b u i l t / bilt/ bu rnt I bu rned / bJ:n t/ bJ:n d / bu rst /bJ:st/ bou g ht / b::xt/ ca u g ht / k::xt/ chosen / ' tfduzn/ come / kAm/ cost /knst/ cut / kAt/ dealt I delt/ dug /dAg/ done /dAn/ d rawn / dn:n/ d reamt I d reamed
d ra n k I drc.euk/ d rove I drduv I ate / ert/ fe l l /fell fed /fed/ fe lt /felt/ fou g ht / b:t/ fo u n d /faund/ flew / fl u:/ forgot /fd' gnt/ forgave /fd ' g erv/ froze I frduz/ g ot /gnt/ gave / gerv/ we nt /went/ g rew / gru:/ h u n g I ha nged / h Au/hc.eud/ had / hc.ed/ heard /lud/ h i d /hid/ h i t /hrt/ h e l d / h eld/ h u rt /h J:t/ kept /kept/ k new / nju:/ l a i d / le rd/ led /led/ lea rnt I lea rned / b:nt/b:nd/ l eft / left/ l ent / lent/ l et / le t/ l ay /ler/
d r u n k / drAuk/ d riven / ' d rrvn/ eaten / ' i:tn/ fa l l en / 'f::>: ln / fed /fed/ fe lt /felt/ foug ht /b:t/ fou n d /faund/ flown /fldun/ forg otten /fd 'gntn/ forg iven /fd'grvn/ frozen / 'frduzn/ got / gnt/ g ive n / ' g rvn/ gone / gnn/ g rown / g rdun/ h u n g I ha nged / h Au/ hc.eud/ had /hc.ed/ heard / h J:d/ h idden / 'hrdn/ h it /h it/ held /h eld/ h u rt / h J:t/ kept / kept/ known / ndun/ l a i d /leid/ l ed /led/ lea rnt I l ea rned / b:nt/ b:nd/ l eft /left/ lent / l e n t/ l et /l et/ l a i n / ! ern/
I drem t/ dri: md/
d r i n k /dnuk/ d rive / d rarv/ eat / i:t/ fa l l / b:l/ feed /fi:d/ fee l /fi:l/ fi g ht /fait/ find /farnd/ fly /flar/ forget / fd ' get/ forg ive / fd ' g rv/ freeze /fri:z/ get / get/ g ive / g rv/ go / gdu / g row / grdu/ h a n g /hc.eu/ h ave / h c.ev/ hear /hrd/ h i d e /haid/ h it / h rt/ h o l d / hduld/ h u rt / h J: t/ keep /ki:p/ k now / ndu/ l ay /ler/ lead /li:d/ learn /b:n/ l eave / li:vI lend / lend/ let / let/ l i e /lai/ ------,
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been / bi : n / beaten / 'bi:tn /
golpear
beco m e /br'kAm/
llegar a se r
se r, estar
e mpezar doblar(se) apostar morder sangrar soplar romper t rae r construir que mar reve nta r, estalla r comprar eager, atrapar elegir venir costar cortar come rciar, tratar cavar hacer dibujar sonar
I dremt/ dri:md/
bebe r conducir eo m e r caer(se) alimentar sentir(se) luchar e n contrar volar olvidar perdonar congelar(se) conseguir; llegar dar ir crecer; cultivar colgar te n e r; haber ofr esconde r(se) golpear, pegar sujetar he rir, hacer dano guardar, mantener saber, conocer pon e r, extender guiar, conducir apre nder dejar; irse, salir prestar permit i r, dejar tumbarse, echarse
e, I r re g u l a r Verbs
mentir
l i ed /laid/ l it /lit/ lost /lost/ made /meid/ meant /ment/ met /met/ pa i d / perd/ put /put/ read / red/ rode /Pud/ ra ng / rceu/ rose / rduz/ ran / rcen/ sa i d /sed/ saw /s:J:/ so ld /sduld/ sent /sent/ set /set/ sewed I sdud/ shook / fuk/ shone / fon/ shot ! fot/ showed I fdud/ s h ut / fAt/ sa ng /sceu/ sa n k /sceuk/ sat /scet/ s l e pt I slept/ smelt I smel led
l i ed /laid/ I it /lit/ l ost / lost/ made / me rd/ meant /ment/ met /met/ paid / perd/ put /put/ rea d / red/ ridden / 'ndn/ rung /rAu/ risen / ' nzn/ run / r.m/ sa i d / sed/ seen /si:n/ so l d / sduld/ sent / sent/ set /set/ sewn /sdun/ s h a ken / ' ferkn/ shone / fon/ shot ! fot/ shown / fdun/ shut / fAt/ sung / sAu/ s u n k / si\uk/ sat /scet/ s le pt I slept/ smelt I smel led I smelt/ smeld 1
speak /spi:k/ spe l l /spell
spoke / spduk/ spelt I spel led
spoken / ' spdukn/ spelt I spe l led
deletrear
spend I spend/ spi l l /sprll
spent / spent/ s p i lt I s p i l led
spent / spent/ spi lt I spi l l ed
derramar(se)
spo i l / sp:Jrll
spo i lt I spo i l ed
spoi lt I spo i l ed
arruin ar, estropear
spread I spred/ spra ng / sprceu/ stood I stud/ sto l e /stdull stuck I stAk/ stu ng /stAU/ swore / sw:J:/ swe pt I swept/ swa m / swcem / took / tuk/ ta u g ht / tJ:t/ to re /n/ to ld / tduld/ thought /8:J:t/ th rew I 8ru:/ u nderstood I i\ nde'stud/ woke up / 'wduk "PI wore /vo:/ won /wAn/ wrote I r;}ut/
spread /spred/ sprung /sprAu/ stood I stud/ stolen / ' stduln/ stuck I stAk/ stu n g / stAU/ sworn /sw:J:n/ swept /swept/ swu m /swAm/ ta ken / ' terkn/ ta u g ht / t=>:t/ torn / tJ:n / to l d / tduld/ thought /8::n/ th rown / 8rdun/ u n d e rstood I Ande'stud/ woken u p / 'w;}ukn Ap/ worn /w:J:n/ won /w"n / written / ' rrtn/
untar; difundir(se)
l i e /lai/ (reg u l a r verb) l i g ht / lait/ l ose / lu:z/ m a ke /meik/ mean / mi:n/ meet / mi:t/ pay / per/ - u t /put/
read /ri:d/ ride /rard/ ring /n:u/ rise /rarz/ run /rAn/ say /sei/ see /si:/ se l l /sell send /send/ set /se t/ sew /sdu/ shake / feik/ s h i n e / Jam/ shoot I fu:t/ show ! fdu/ shut / fAt/ s i n g /siu/ s i n k /siuk/ sit /srt/ slee p /sli:p/ smel l I smell
I smelt/ smeld/
I spelt/ speld/
I spilt/ spdd/
I sp:Jilt/ sp:Jild/
spread I spred/ spring /spnu/ sta nd /stcend/ steal /sti:ll stick I strk/ sti n g / stru/ swea r / swed/ sweep /swi:p/ swi m /swim/ take / terk/ teach / ti:tf / tea r / ted/ te l l / tell t h i n k / 8ruk/ th row / 8r;}u/ u nde rsta nd I i\nde'stcend/ wake up / 'werk Ap/ wea r /wed/ w i n /wm/ write I rait/
en cender perder hacer, fabricar significar, querer decir conocer a; reunirse con pagar poner leer montar llamar (par telefono) elevarse, alzarse correr decir ver vender enviar colocar coser agitar brillar disparar mostrar cerrar can tar h u ndirse sentarse dormir(se) oler hablar
I spelt/ speld/
gastar; pasar (tiempo)
/sprlt/spild/
I sp:Jrlt/ sp:Jild/ saltar estar de pie robar pegar
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picar (u n insecto) jurar barrer nadar coger, llevar e n se n ar romper, desgarrar decir, contar pen sar arroj ar, tirar comprender, entender despertar(se) llevar puesto, ponerse ganar escribir
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I�
I � j n I m
I� L
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I I IRA Al Vl: RI3 S ,
b rea k down :
estropearse, averiarse; echarse a llorar; descomponerse
b rea k u p : separarse, romper bring . a l on g : traerse, traer consigo;
l levarse, llevar
cons1go
bring back: traer a la memoria, recordar b r i n g u p : criar(se); plantear, sacar a colaci6n ca l l back: volver a llamar carry o n : continuar clean u p : limpiar, arreglar come back: regresar, volver come i n : entrar come o n : empezar ( - ! : j vamos ! , j Venga ! ) come rou nd : pasar, acercarse come to: ascender a, sumar cut d own : reducir, recortar dea l wit h : ocuparse I encargarse de end u p : terminar, acabar feel l i ke: apetecer, tener ganas de fi g ht back: defenderse, contraatacar fi g u re out: comprender, explicarse fi l l i n : rellenar (impreso o documento) f i n d out: descubrir, averiguar fit i n : encajar, adaptarse; congeniar get a h ea d : progresar, tener exito g et a l o n g : llevarse bien g et back: volver, regresar get by: arreglarselas get off: bajar(se) I apearse de get o n : llevarse bien; subir(se), montar(se) get ove r: reponerse, superar g et r i d of: librarse I deshacerse de g et to: tener la oportunidad de g et together: reunir(se), juntar(se) g et u p : levantarse; subir g ive away: revelar; delatar g ive back: devolver g ive o ut: agotarse, acabarse; repartir, distribuir g ive u p : dejar, renunciar a go away: irse, marcharse go back: volver, regresar go o n : durar; continuar go o ut: salir g row a pa rt: distanciarse g row i nto: transformarse I convertirse en g row out of: quedarse pequenola g row u p : criarse, crecer h a n g arou n d : juntarse I andar con; pasar el rata h a n g o n : esperar hang o ut: pasar el rata h a n g u p : colgar (el telefono, un adorno) h o l d o n : esperar let down : decepcionar, fallar, defraudar l ive up to: estar a la altura de; vivir de acuerdo con'
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cumplir
look after: cuidar a I de look a ro u n d : mirar alrededor look fo r: buscar
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look forwa rd to:
esperar con ansia, tener muc has ganas de, estar deseando
look out: tener cuidado look u p : buscar; ir a visitar; mejorar look u p to: admirar I respetar a m a ke u p : componer m i ss out o n : desaprovechar, desperdiciar, perder
dejar pasar,
move away: irse, marcharse, mudarse move i nto: trasladarse I mudarse a (un lugar pass by: pasar pay back: pagar (deuda), devolver (dinero);
especffico)
vengarse, hacer pagar caro
pay for: pagar; pagar par, ser castigadola pay off: saldar, liquidar; valer I merecer la pena pick out: elegir, escoger pick u p : aprender, adquirir; recoger; mejorar, reponerse play back: volver a reproducir push a ro u n d : intimidar put off: aplazar, posponer put o n : representar; ponerse (ropa) put u p with: aguantar, soportar run away: escaparse, huir run out (of) : quedarse sin set back: retrasar set off: provocar, desencadenar set u p : crear; fundar shop a ro u n d : ir de tienda en tienda comparando precios snap u p : no dejar escapar sta n d for: significar sta nd out: destacar, sobresalir sta nd u p : ponerse de pie, levantarse sta rt o ut: empezar sta rt over: volver a empezar sta rt u p : montar (un negocio) stay away: alejarse; no acercarse stock u p o n : abastecer(se) de, comprar ta ke after: parecerse I salir a take back: retractarse, retirar (lo dich o) take o n : enfrentarse a ta ke out: desquitarse take over: adquirir, hacerse cargo de take to: encarinarse con, eager carin a a take u p : empezar (actividad o hobby) ta n g l e u p : enredar, enmaranar tea r a p a rt: hacer pedazos I trizas th row out: tirar (a la basura) tidy u p : ordenar, recoger try o n : probarse (ropa) turn a ro u n d : dar(se) la vuelta turn d own : bajar (el volumen); rech azar turn i nto: covertir(se) en turn off: apagar, desenchufar (un aparato) turn o n : encender (un aparato) tu rn out: resultar, salir use u p : agotar, gastar w i pe o ut: exterminar
fl· Prepositions
accuse of: acusar de a g ree o n : acordar, estar I ponerse de acuerdo (sabre) apply fo r: sol icitar, pedir a pply to: echar una solicit ud, solicitar a rg u e a bo ut: discutir sabre I por a rg u e wit h : discutir con a rrive at: llegar a a rrive i n : llegar a beg i n with: empezar con I par belong to: pertenecer a ca re a bout: preocuparse I interesarse por cl i m b u p : subir I trepar (por) com p l a i n a bo ut: q u ej arse de, reclamar por com p l a i n of: quej arse de consist of: constar de, consistir en depend on: depender de; contar con d i e of: mor ir de emerge fro m : salir de enq u i re a bout: pregu ntar par, informarse de fight for: luchar par goss i p a bo ut: cotillear I chismorrear sabre hear a bout: en terarse de hear fro m : saber I tener noticias de hear of: ofr hablar I saber de i n sist on: insistir en i ntroduce to: dar a conocer; presentar invite to: invitar a lean o n : apoyarse en lea n out: asomarse l i sten to: escuchar (a) l og o nto: entrar, abrir la sesi6n partici pate i n : practicar ( u n deporte); participar I tomar parte en
po i nt at: sen alar point to: se n alar preve nt fro m : prevenir; evitar, impedir protest a g a i nst: protestar contra I sabre I acerca protrude fro m : (sobre)salir de refe r to: referirse I aludir a; denominar re ly o n : confiar en; depender de; contar con rem i n d a bout: recordar rem i n d of: recordar ro b of: robar, quitar sea rch for: buscar sme l l of: oler a sta re at: mirar fij amente stay at: qu edarse en ta l k a bout: habl ar de I sabre ta l k to I with: hablar con th i n k a bout: opinar (sabre), parecer; pensar en th i n k of: pensar de I sabre wa it for: esperar a wa l k away: irse, marcharse write a bout: escribir sabre
ban o n : prohibici6n de I sabre desire for: deseo I anhelo de effect on: efecto en; infl u encia sabre end of: final de esca pe fro m : huida I evasion de form of: forma de g roup of: grupo de i ncrease i n : a umento en I de i nfatuation with : encaprichamiento con need for: necesidad de part of: parte de p l enty of: muchola reason for: raz6n para sme l l of: olor a solution to: soluci6n a I de
dependent o n : dependiente I q u e depende de d ifferent fro m : diferente I distintola de free fro m : sin, libre de g ood at: buenola en I para i nterested i n : interesadola en i nvolved i n : metidola I involu cradola en jeal ous of: (tener) envidia I celos de overj oyed at: contentfsimola de, llenola de alegrfa pol ite to: ed ucadola con p roud of: orgullosola de sensitive to: sensible a si m i l a r to: similar I parecidola a s u itable for: apropiadola I adecu adola para u n h a ppy with: descontentola con
par
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[3 Burlington Books ISBN
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