Transformación cultural de India, el legado de Carey

©2011 Ed P Tds s dchs sds. Ng  d s bcc d s dcd  g m s  ms sc d Ed P. Ls cs bbcs  mds d  S Bb, N Vs Ic,  ms q s dq  c. © Scdd Bbc Ic.

Editorial Peniel

Bd 25 Bs As, C1206AAA Ag T. 54-11 4981-6178 / 6034 e-mail: [email protected] www.p.cm

Diseño portada e interior: Arte Peniel • [email protected]

Pbcd gm  gés c  : The Legacy of William Carey Cygh © 1993, 1999 by Vsh & Rh Mgwd Pbshd by Csswy Bks  ds  Gd Nws Pbshs 1300 Csc S, Wh, Is 60187 A ghs sd.

Mgw, Vsh y Ruh

Un modelo de transformación cultural. - 1 d. - Bs As : P, 2011. 160 . ; 21x14 cm. ISBN 10: 987-557-320-5 ISBN 13: 978-987-557-320-8 1. Vd Cs. I. T CDD 248.5

Ims  Cmb / Pd  Cmb

Contenido

Pg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Capítulo i Cs: ¿qé  Wm Cy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Capítulo ii Wm Cy: b d  mj d  Id . . . . . . . . . 21 Capítulo iii Wm Cy:  s d b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Capítulo iv Wm Cy y  mdzc d  Id . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Capítulo v L mdd d  mdzd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Ccs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Ns bgács . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Fs d cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 G d sd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Prólogo Es b cm, c   cd q s ds   cd ág,  s d s q zbm  s mms sbdds d scd. Es s  hs d  j c c dcc m, d  qñ b, q hbb  dc cc, q hb dd     mdd  s ñz y q,  s d d, dscb  g s    j. A, csm s cs cs  cs  s ds d  ms  s s  bd, y s cs más js q  ds  q  yd   d y s  s. F gd  gds ss, y  s d s, s , g  s qzás  s d más fc   s d zd más gd d m bác. Es ddm smbs ds c, cm   Vsh y Rh Mgwd  ss ágs, cm  bj d  s s   ssb d  m smc c q c   g sbc d d s sgs XIX y XX. N s s:   d  Id dd hy  d  d s cbc cm dd   sd. ¿Cm s q scd s? E s qñ b sd cá   m cmc y gb  “dd q s   cc” dás d s hs smbs, ágc y hc. S mbg, s  s smm  b  d  hs d  hmb. Es ds  d d g cmjdd,  ms d  g fc d s css qñs  mchs ms d ss mss. Ms  Id s s  c d mñ d s “c y ch sds js” d s Esds Uds, s bc s más d s cs my. A s d s, c g h djd  h  gd  s g c cm Wm Cy. Usd d s   Md 7

U N M  D E L  D E T R A N S F  R M A C I ó N C U LT U R A L

Ts d Cc. P  c m,  csy sb  q Cy hz   cdd dd, hs hc cs ñs,  d más m cmb  s  q hb sd dd  Wm Cy. Hy mchs h sgd s hs d Cy hs cd c d  T. Iddm, dá  s , s dsés  cs s ddcc. P cs  s m ssbdd hc s ss báscs q c  dd sm d Eg  s md. Ags dcs dc q c hbms sbd d Wm Cy s  hb sd  ss cgs mss Jsh Mshm y Wm Wd. Es s cm dc q c hbms scchd d N s  hb d  jéc dás d é. N c s jéc; y Mshm y Wd  sq hb d   Id s  hb sd  Wm Cy. Es  s hb qdd c é s  hb sd dg d s cz. S c    d “ éxs  s”  y  z. Es cs  c. Es  d s  y  z gds ss “d m s”, y d s d s c c hmd. Hy s ccs. Psms  s mchs bsács y xcs gds q   s Pb, y ccm s mms d s fc ccb.  s sd q bs  mc d  mchch d  b qñ y dscd,  s msms ms d  sbdd sc, s  Jsús d Nzh. Es b s  c sd, smm  cc d  hs d  b mgs d Ds, b   q  md s  y q s mdd,  q  mdd q s sgs s ds s cm  z q c  hs hm. Ls s d s b cú s bj  ss s ds y scs.

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Mchs sb d Wm Cy. Pcs d cm s Mgwd  md mc cmá d s d. Esms dm  dd c s  sc  Wm Cy d sm dm d d s d. ¿Vms  dj q s yd   más á d s ccscs  ss s ds? Rh. D. W Rc d Wm Cy I Usy Psd, C E, 1999

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Capítulo i

Cuestionario: ¿quién fue William Carey? mgs   sd    d  ccs   q c ds s sdds d  Id. Ls hc  sg g  s sds ds mj mds: “¿Qé  Wm Cy?”. Tds   m  msm m. “Wm Cy   bác”, sd  sd d Ccs, “q dscb   sc d áb S  Bá,  c  mbd Cy  h  é   D. Rxbg. E D. Cy   m s c sczc  s fs ds d  m d s mdács,  d s cs mbé  s mb”. “Cy j  mg gs   Id  dj  ‘ssm ’ d jd. Tmbé bc s ms bs sb cc  hs    Id, cm  b d s úms “Flora Índica” , q c   sc bbc: ‘Tds s bs  b, h Sñ’. Cy d  L Bb q  z  dcd cm ‘b’  s Cd;  s maya (s)  q s chc, s  m dg d sd hm. Fcm db ccs sb cc y  d yc  sc cc básc   m d, d q hs s scs mdss  s ‘ms  c’, s cs q mc s sdds”. “Wm Cy dj  máq d    Id”, xs  sd d Ig Mcác. “Y   m 

I

11


bc  c  s ds d. Esm  s hs ds  hc cs d s mq zd ms y hbdds cs”. “Wm Cy”, c  sd d Ecm, “dj  d d s bcs d h   Id,  ch c  dm m sc d  s. Cy c q Ds,  s js, db  s y q s ss d és  ésm d 36  72% hc msb  s,  ds,  cmc y  ds cmc”. “L dms m d s szs cmcs d Cy”, cú  sd, “h smd  mc sc   Id, y q  hdz d s bcs d h h gd  s csb dbd   c y cc d s bqs, y   czc d s bcs  mb d scsm. L c dm d sb,  mchs css, h sbd s ss d és hs   100% y h hch q  céd  sé dsb  mss hss; dmás h zd  s cmss  cs  sc d  cm d  mdd”. “C  s d  c    Id y d mdz  gc, cm  ds ds, Cy mbé bg   c d m q s s sy s y dds   Id. Icm,  gb bác s  c d  c dbd  s sds csbs  s Esds Uds. P  m d Cy,  msm gb hb ccd  sbd cmc d g cc d s s, s cm s gb d d hy, dsés d md sg d xb dsc, h   b s s  c  ds ccds”. “Wm Cy”, m  sd d Mdc, “  m  hc cmñ   d   hm  s cs d  d  Id. Hs s éc,  cs s s b  qmb s dbd   cc d q   12

Cuestionario: ¿quién fue William Carey?

 cb  c y sgb  smgc hc   y s xsc. S c q  m   mdd sb  c cms scss, sgds   q cm cm s. Cy c q  m d Jsús czb  s cs ss,   q db cdáss”. U sd d Tcg d Im s  sg  s. “E D. Wm Cy s  d d  cg d  m   Id. É s j  cc md d m y bcc; dsés  sñ y  ds. Csy  q más d   m más gd   Id. L my d s mss cmb ss s  s Im Ms d Sm”. “Wm Cy”, sd  sd d Mds d Cmcc, “sbc  m dc y hs  mm  dss dms s, q é c q, ‘ cm d ds s css d  y dd,  cssm   s d  dscs b’. S s “Amigo de la India”   dm gés   z q d  z  mm d m sc   Id   m md d sg XIX”. “Wm Cy d  Scdd d Ag-hc d  Id   décd 1820-1830,  ñs s d q  Scdd Agc R  sbcd  Ig”, dc  sd d sgd d Agc. “Cy hz  sd ssmác d gc   Id, ch   m g   s “Estudios Asiáticos” , y xs s ms d ssm d c d dg, ds gcs s d q s cs”. “Cy hz d s”, ñd  g gm, “ q hb sd cd  hc, s q sb hzd   q s hb md q s qs s d  d s mjs ss d md,  d hbs bjds, s c   jg s c, bdd  s bss sjs y s ss”. 13


“Cy”, dc  sd d L, “  m  dc y bc  gés gds cáscs gss d  Id s cm  Ramayana y ds scs cm  Samkhya. Cy sm  bg, q  csdd cm ‘dcd s  dms y mjs’,   gj  más dscd d  Id. Escb bds d Eg  bg    m hdú d ccs mscs  sc d s Sñ. Tmbé scb  m dcc d sásc  sdss”. “Cy   z”, s sm  sd d Edcc, “q g  s  cdác d bg, sásc y mh   Usdd F Wm d Cc, dd s b s cs d sd, c dcs d scs  ñs ds d ds s css  g  m sdd  As,  Sm cc d Cc. Q ds  m d y b d  scdd d  ssc. D cs s m ñs,  c gs d  Id hb gd   my d s ds  ccs b  ccm; y s gbs hdús, mghs y bács hb sd d cd c s sg d  cs , d m  s mss   scd d  gc. Cy dms  z s m  s  s scds, qs  g és    s mss d  bd y d d  q ccd  md d ccm d  dd”. “Wm Cy dj  sd d  sm  sbc d”, dc  sd d Mmác. “É s cb mch  s mccs cs dscs d  sg:  sm,  m sscs y  ccdd d gzs y d dms  m”. “Cy q c   Id   c cc d  sm. É  c q s cs css  ‘ddds q gbb ss ds’. Sb q s ss hms s cds  gb  z y q  S,  L 14


y s s  cds  yds  s  d gb. Cy sb q s cs css db s sdds cddsm, y q  Cd s hb hch  q  sñs  dcds. Ess yd  dd  m d sc  dccs, s, s,  y s; y  m  ds, ñs y scs. P s dms c cds; sd gg  hs;  ss ds, s bj y s d sc. L c d  sm s b  q sms gbds, ms q  c d  sg s hc bjs, ss ds cdcds  ss ss”. U sd d sgd d Bbcg s  sg  s. “Wm Cy   m  c  d d s bbcs úbcs   sbc d. Ms  Es Id Cmy mb cgms d mcs y sdds  dm   Id, Cy s d  ss mgs d  Scdd Bs Ms q   bs y sms  s msms bcs. É c q s c s  d g  s d y d s d d  s ds  q d ds q b ss ms. E bj d Cy  c  c  g ác. P ms s   ss dsb, s cs  s ds cb ccm y sbd d md  s ádm   c s cs. Q  s ccm   dssc d s ds  és d s bbcs úbcs”. “Wm Cy   gs”, cmz  sd d Is Id Fs. “É sb q, ‘s  Eg fc   Id,  s,  d sd, gá  s  cm c’. É g  s  m s   Id  scb sys sb g s, cs cc ñs s d q  gb hc s m    csc d  s  Mb. Cy cc y gsm bg   c d  md, dd csjs áccs d cm smb 15


ábs  ss mbss, gcs y cmcs. S mc  d s cc d q Ds h hch  hmb ssb d  T. F dbd   bcc “Amigo de la India” d Cy, q  gb  m z mb  D. Bds d B  q s cg d s bsqs d Bm,  hz gs   ss d s bsqs d s d  Id  cg d D. Cghm”. “Wm Cy”, dc  ms, scs  Ccs Scs, “  m hmb  s  ds css: s dsdds sss y  gzd s d s mjs, m sms c  hdsm,  s sgs XVIII y XIX. E hmb   Id b   mj  md d  gm,  cd m,  mm ,  csmb d qm  s ds,  s y  bsm zd   mj, d s d   g. E gb bác mdm cb ss ms scs cm  sb  sc d s csmbs gss d  Id”. “Cy cdj  sd scgc y bbc ssmác sb ss ss. Pbc ss s  d g    úbc y s   Bg cm  Ig. Ify  d  gc d cs úbcs —ss sds d  F Wm Usy—  ss ss ms. Cy g scs  ñs. Cd s ds s c  cssm, é s ccb mms. F  b ss q Cy hz d 25 ñs  c d sati , csmb d qm  s ds, q   ms dc d Ld Bck  1829, q hb  d s áccs gss más bmbs”. “A Wm Cy”, dc  sd d Admsc Púbc, “ c  s  m gs   Id bác q  Es Id Cmy sb  c d hc ssm c s hdús. P  q Cy bj    dés d Sm. P más d s    sñ   16


Usdd F Wm dbd  q  cmñ  d c  s d bg d. D s cád, q d  ñs, Cy sm s s y cds d  dmsc bác, d  xc m d   sc ‘c’.” “Wm Cy”, fx  sd d s d, “sbc  d g d q  éc y  m  sbs d  g. Es hb sd  ms m sbyc d  g édc. P s mss shádcs sb  éc d  sdd. Es sb q  s hm (Am) s  S d (Bhm). P  , s s  d c; s Am sm s gñ y mz  mgs q s ds  Ds. L q qms  s bc d cd s mc, s s,  xc dc d s ddd. Es gc d  cmsdd hm y éss   xc msc d s ddd, s m  Id s sm ‘gss’ y  msm m dsgzdm ms”. “Cy mz  m q s ss hms s cds y q cs,  d   cd cm bc d s d sb s. Esñ q  s  gc s  cd  q s s d Ds, y q s msb gd  Ds s sdd. Sgú Cy,  dd sdd cmz s cd s ms d s cd. Es sñz c   gs d sg XIX   Id. P jm, dsés d q Rj Rm Mh Ry,  d s más gds scss hdús d sg XIX, cmz    Cy y  s mss d Sm, mz    dd sm  sdd q cs c   Id. Ss ccss s d sz s: L cscc d ms gs y css sds d  dd gs h sd q m c q  dc d Cs 17


cdc más  s cs ms y sá mj dd   s d ss cs, q cq  q hy d  m ccm.

P úm, s   sd d Hs. “E D. Wm Cy s  d d Rcm Id d s sgs XIX y XX. L Id hb czd s c c, sc, qcc y  d  sg XI d.C. Dsés d q  Msm Abs d Ad Shkchy mz  b  sbc d   sg XII, s s cs d  hmdd s sc y cmz  g dcdc   Id. E mb m,  cdd hm y d  q qc   c hm g  s sschs. E scsm,  cbdd,  mscsm,  c,  ssc,  d,  bj y s ccs y áccs ss g  s s dss d  c d. L s, xc y dmc c ss   d gbs xjs hc q s css m”. “Cy hz s d  s cs  c  cs d  m   Id. É  mb   Id cm  s x j  x, s cm   d s Pd Cs   c db m y s,  scdd dd  cs q gb  dd, y   gc. E mm d Cy cm   cm d csm d y d  sbsc ddc d  Id. Cy c q  mg d Ds sb   hmb,   s ds;   ,    hmdd md — ds—  qs s db s. É c q hb q d y c  z  g d m, cg  d; ds  c  g d m, cm sñb  mscsm. É hc éss  ds   y  c  g d chz cm maya. S sdd gd   cdd, c  éss     jsc y  m  s cmñs cm   m d 18


Ds, mc  mm cc d  c d:  sc d  dcdc   scs c. Ls ms ds d Rcm Id, s cm Rj Rm Mh Ry, Kshb Chd S y s, sc s sc d Wm Cy y d s mss q sb cds c é”. Entonces, ¿quién fue William Carey?

É    d mm ms cs d s md, q b d g  ds s d md;   d  Igs s   Id y  dc y/ d d L Bb  c dms ds d s g. Cy   gs q z cq md dsb  mb ds s cs scs d  d d c  z d  dd. Cm , é s  sj c d  hs d  mdzc d  Id.

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Esms q s b hy sd d s gd. P mc  cms, scbs   dcc q c dbj. Muchas gracias.

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Transformación cultural de India, el legado de Carey

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