Current Inormation
Testfeld SolarVillage – October 2009
Imprint: 4th Auage 10/2009 Text: Text: Barbara Kovats, Dieter Dieter Duhm, Dieter Linke, Jürgen Kleinwächter, Roland Luder, Uli Jung Layout: Boris Bonjour Photos and maps: Simon du Vinage, Roland Luder Publisher: Projectgroup SolarVillage Monte do Cerro 7630 Colos, Portugal Tel: Tel: +351 / 283 635 313
[email protected]
“You “Y ou never change anything anythi ng by ghting the existing. To change something, build a new model and make the existing obsolete.” Buckminster Fuller
Contents Testeld or Tamera SolarVillage SolarVill age
7
The TTT-Platorm
11
SolarVillage
11
Technology
Training
Transer
Planning or the TTT Platorm
11
13
I. Main Building
13
II. Extra Buildings
14
For a uture without war – A message rom Tamera
15
The Stirling Engine
17
What is a Stirling Engine?
17
How does a Stirling Engine work?
17
The Stirling process:
The Stirling research o Jürgen Kleinwächter
Construction o a Scheer Mirror
18 19
23
What is a Scheer Mirror?
23
How eective is this technology?
24
Sunpulse Water 150 in Lörrach, 2008
First Hotoil-cooker in Tamera, 2006
First model o the TTT-Platorm desig ned in cooperation with Peter Hübner, 2006
They dreamt ideas and established will. They brought the horses, birds and so many other beings. But I never understood how they brought that star in sha pe o a white bird. It‘s so big. (But now there is one here.) They came in baloons and zeppelins with many colours. They built coloured tents and lled them with air. And also the houses o wood and earth. And heaven liked it. They built lakes and the plants came back. They talked to the clouds and they said: rain. And the lakes were lled with water and sh. Some swam, others were looking at each other, but all had a dierent light. Aterwards, they seeded owers, and they blossomed, the ideas in the rivers and they went. And they still told the sun: Stay! And it stayed. Poem by Pedro Portela
Mounting o the ETFE-oil, 2009
Testeld or Tamera Tamera SolarVillage The Earth needs new models or settlements in which the ght o humans against each other and against nature can be ended eectively and sustainably. An essential contribution to this is research into decentralised local energy systems using a solar technology which can also itsel be produced locally, thereby enabling an independent selsucient economy. Decentralised means, in this context, the construction o regional, relatively independent systems which are interconnected, creating a new orm o networked sel-suciency. The global interchange between such networks o sel-suciency will lead to a new orm o globalisation under humane conditions which oster peace. The SolarVillage is a planned model settlement in which trend-setting knowledge is researched and applied; knowledge which integrates and advances the basic concept o cooperation in the areas o ecology, technology and architecture. Community and trust between humans provide the social oundation. The SolarVillage is urthermore a training center o the emerging Global Campus. Individuals and groups have the possibility to train here in techno logy and ecology and to live in the new surroundings and experience the basic ideas o community themselves. They can then communicate communicate the insights that they have gained to their home regions so that the concepts can be urther developed and regionally adapted. Thus a global community is growing at several locations around the world, working or a uture worth living. In the so-called “Taldor” o Tamera, the rst Testeld Testeld is emerging, in which the technology and
also the ecology – permaculture according to the principles o Sepp Holzer - is tested in practice and urther developed. The core o the test eld is the solar technology developed by Juergen Kleinwaechter and his team. In an energy greenhouse, solar radiation is ocused using Fresnel lenses or mirrors, to heat plant oil which fows in a closed circuit and is stored in a tank. The issue o energy storage is solved completely dierently rom established solar technologies, which oten work with ecologically problematic storage systems. The energy greenhouse also serves as a particularly ecient, water-saving greenhouse or the production o high quality organic ood. In the uture it will also be possible to use it as an envelope around a house (house in house concept). Multi-unctionality is a concept which nature shows us. The goal is to realise local sel-suciency regarding energy and ood, in conjunction with a high standard o living. The hot oil is used to power a kitchen or about ty people by passing the oil through doublewalled cooking pots so that the heat is used directly or cooking. Additionally steam is created through heat exchange with the hot oil – making possible steam-cooking, sterilisation o medical tools, water desalination and many other applications. Furthermore the hot oil rom the energy greenhouse also drives a Stirling motor – the “Sunpulse Hotoil” - which thanks to the simple energy storage technique, is able to provide 1.5 kW o electrical energy, or mechanical or cooling energy, during the day or at night. n ight. Community tools such as a mill
Paul Gisler (technical coordinator SolarVillage) at work on the Sunray
or saw can be eciently directly driven mechanically. The heart o a new energy supply or uture settlements is developing here. Another module o the testeld is the “Sunpulse Water”, a water pump based on the Stirling principle, which is directly powered by incident solar radiation. See page 20. Additionally a Scheer Mirror (see page 23) has been constructed, and serves or cooking and baking. The concentrated solar energy directed by this mirror can also supply the hot oil storage o the whole system with energy. Further elements o the solar kitchen are a simple parabolic mirror cooker SK14, several solar box cookers and a solar dryer. The kitchen teams which will work here in the uture will get in touch with and experiment with dierent solar cooking techniques to learn rom their own experience which technologies are best or dierent situations. A planned urther addition is a biogas acility, permitting cooking with gas and extending the
system range in terms o days without sun by heating the oil. The test eld also integrates an experimental ecology area in which dierent aspects o Holzer‘s permaculture techniques are demonstrated, tested and developed. This includes a kitchen garden and healing plants and especially emphasises urban ecology or city backyards or the “citizens o the Earth without earth” (Sepp Holzer, www. krameterho.at) For the shaded village square, Martin Pietsch has developed a generous membrane construction. Through the interaction o the membrane construction with the ecological design, various large and small social meeting places develop and an approach to semi-permeable architecture is experienced; living spaces and nature are brought closer together.
Jürgen Kleinwächter explains the Sunpulse Water, Summer University 2009
“To invent is to lead the correct key idea that you have peeled out o a long chain o errors, through numerous ailures and compromises to its practical success.” Rudol Diesel
Scetch o the TTT-Platorm
The
planned SolarVillage will be closely integrated with the developing permaculture water landscape constructed according to Sepp Holzer‘s principles. Fire and water nd power in their mutual completion.
Planned SolarVillage
Testeld SolarVillage
Scetch o the TTT-Platorm
The TTT-Platorm SolarVillage Tamera is planning the development o a model village on a 5-hectare (12 acres) piece o land: the SolarVillage. A model applicable or all peace villages, it must link research into energy technology, architecture, ecology and social knowledge to produce practical and theoretical knowledge on sustainability and the greatest possible selsuciency. The rst pilot model will consist o a village with ty people The planned SolarVillage lake where the village will be located will be linked to technological water experiments (or example, “Hot Lake” or research into water currents). Together with all other areas o the emerging Tamera water landscape it will serve the purpose o ecological regeneration. Jürgen Kleinwächter’s Solar Power Village orms the technological energy core o the SolarVillage. This research station has the special characteristic that the technologies will be used, tested and constantly developed by the same group o people in a real lie situation. “In this way practical solutions will emerge that are suitable or the uture while simultaneously improving the quality o lie.” (Jürgen Kleinwächter) The rst specic step is the creation o the TTTPlatorm: a Center or Technology, Training and Transer. The plan is to bring together orward-thinking people rom many disciplines, especially research pioneers whom are not oten heard or are even oppressed. Tamera is cooperating in the develop-
ment o social and human knowledge based on its long-term community research. Technology The main objective o the TTT-Platorm is to demonstrate that the technological knowledge or ood and energy sel-sucient structures exists and is dynamically growing. growing. The TTT-Platorm gathers together, interconnects and disseminates technological knowledge worldwide. The TTT-Platorm provides the creative playground or a “Free Lab” to originate concepts or the uture, or example in the areas o vortices, storage o light, the eect o elds on plants, and much more. The goal o all the research is the creation o sel-sucient, decentralized living structures adaptable to all climate zones o the t he world. Training The knowledge developed at the TTT-Platorm will be shared in the context o the initiative or peace training o the “Global Campus” under the supervision o Sabine Lichtenels. Techniques to build sustainable social structures suitable or peace must be learned and practiced. The training consists on the one hand o learning peace-knowledge, in the context o a basic course while living together in community with people rom many countries. On the other hand Solarpower Technology and other sustainable technolo-
Model o the TTT-Platorm
“We have to build seed kernels o a new development. Seeds which are so ready to sprout that they lead to the creation o a global glo bal eld. eld.” ” Dieter Duhm
gies will be learned in concrete terms, in order to be able to implement them in whatever place one wishes to work. This is a meaningul way to create work cycles and work places. Undertaking the sponsorship o a project or a person, or example rom Israel /Palestine or Columbia, will enable them to complete a basic course or internship in the SolarVillage. SolarVillage. Transer Ater completing a sound training, the goal is to bring the knowledge to the places where it is most
needed. This will build a oundation o worldwide decentralized, sustainable systems. A network o training places, called the “Global Campus”, will be ormed to pass on the basic knowledge or the building o selsucient systems. Our co-workers will travel abroad with the goal o supporting the development o a subsistence economy (regional, sel-sucient economic areas) or to participate in developing technology and ecology.
Model o the TTT-Platorm
Planning or the TTT Platorm I. Main Building Seminar Room Designed to hold approximately 100 visitors and 10 organizers, circular, circular, diameter 15 meters, clear ceiling approx. 6.5 meters, outside height approx. 8 meters, roo surace slightly inclined, inside without support, support outside Transparent roong (inside & outside ETFE oil), transparent walls all around (Material used: heat protection glass or ETFE) Awning around the outside at the height o an imaginary ceiling above the rst foor Thermal control via: - Fresnel Fresnel receivers receivers in a rotating rotating roo surace - Photov Photovolt oltaic aic shie shield ld with with a circum circumeerence o more than 120°, - Height Height measur measureme ements nts betwee between n the the circumerential awning and the rail o
the roo movable rom East to South, to West, independent rom the roo rotation - Addit Addition ional al blind blindss at the the rst rst foor foor level level and the roo surace to enable ull shading No design to ully darken the room, but projectors or evening presentations Flexible seating Heat-storing back wall Sliding doors on the lake-view side Access to the atrium and other parts o the building across the lake road Generous green area, to be used as a lecture room and creative retreat space
Drawings o the TTT-Platorm rom Dieter Linke and Martin Pietsch
Lakeside Terrace in ront o the Seminar Room Use: meetings and development o visions Atrium Use: meetings and development o visions Generous green area, seating and tables II. Extra Buildings Main Entrance and Reception reception and telephone exchange Visitors’ Center Center and Oce Center or organization and conerence participants and their external communication needs Oce or Tamera Administration or aprx. our people Server Room Meeting and Presentation Room 15 – 20 people, suitable or multimedia presentations,darkening possible Room or Silence, Retreat & Encounters loving and living Tea Kitchen rereshments or seminar participants, meetings room users Lavatories I or seminar and oce wing Temporary Exhibition Space or locally built objects, or objects brought by participants Technology Museum or special permanent exhibits
Outdoor Test Area or locally built objects, or objects brought by participants Construction Oce with Workshop Oce or secretaries, engineers, workshop planning, drawings Recreation Room or coworkers, changing room, meal breaks, etc. Workshop or metal, synthetic material, wood, hydraulic workshop Room or Electronics Room or Chemistry Dust-ree Room Room or Free Energy Lavatories II or workshop wing Technology Room, Construction or conventional construction technology Technology Room, Solar Systems or the steering and regulation o solar technologies with fexible restructuring options Technology Room, Energy Storage or hot oil storage, batteries, fying wheel storage
Tibetan monks with the Sunpulse Hotoil and Jürgen Kleinwächter demonstrating the Solar Organ, 2008
For a uture without war A message rom Tamera Dieter Duhm, Duhm, June 2009 The world is in a lot o pain. Ater a vethousand-year history o war, o persecution and displacement, humanity has lost its source. A collective trauma runs through populations and continents. This trauma is inherent in perpetrators and victims alike, in large catastrophes as well as in individual hardships. Humanity is one whole entit y and her energies orm a continuum. Emotional hardship o abandoned children and chronic pain over ailed love relationships reappear at another point in the orm o violence and genocide. The central area o the crisis o our time is that o the relationship between human beings, particularly between the genders. It is there, at the core o sexuality, love, partnership and community where the wound is deepest. It is there where deliverance and healing has to happen. The development o a global peace model is the goal we have been aiming at or the past thirty years. New social orms o cohabitation are coupled with new developments in ecology and technology. We believe that a uture without war is possible or all human beings and all creations on Earth, i only we utilize the mental and technical possibilities which are available to us today. At the center o the human work stands the recovery o trust - trust among human beings, trust between humans and animals, and trust in the divine world. We We know that our work can
only be successul i it is in resonance with the higher laws o the “Sacred Matrix.” The longer we keep researching, the more clearly we recognize the unity o the large amily o lie to which we all belong. The concepts or social, ecological, technological and spiritual issues that evolve rom this recognition appear unamiliar to us. They will rst have to be tested on small models beore nding their way into the world. What is maturing today in small communities (up to 200 people) could lead to a new planetary culture through building “morphogenetic elds.” As soon as an interruption at only a ew points in the traumatic chain o humanity is successul, new healing orces are released which will change the global cycles. The international cooperation or a “Future without War” is not associated with any religious or political systems, since the planetary uture is based on a power that transcends all limitations. In this sense we work on the development o a “Global Campus” with bases in many countries (Israel, Palestine, India, and Colombia thus ar). We are thankul or all oers o support and cooperation. The world needs our help. In the name o all those who are persecuted and spurned, In the name o all children, In the name o the love o all creatures.
To give coherence coherence between the Testeld 1 and the planned Testeld Testeld 2, we provide extracts rom a ree speech o Dieter Duhm (10.10.2009, Tamera): We have to build seed kernels o a new development. Seeds which are so ready to sprout that they lead to the creation o a global eld. The strategy to heal our world requires models. (...) To create a model one has to achieve an overview o our human needs today: 1) Humans need a dierent material basis or their existence on this planet. We We need dierent approaches or energy, water and ood supply as otherwise it is clear that we will destroy the
Earth. We need decentral units which are able to sustain themselves using new methods. It is or this reason that we build the SolarVillage in Tamera. The rst phase is now visible: “Testeld 1” 2) In conjunction with “Testeld 1” we need a “Testeld 2”, where models are developed – I speak rather technically now – models or the resolution o the war between the genders, or resolution o the historical trauma in love and
The Energy Power Greenhouse under construction, 2009
sexuality, or Eros without lies, or partnership without masquerade; a place where we want to build models or a new concept o love. Here things are to be learned which we have never learned. When I would be able to enduringly love a human being, a woman, even i she ignores me; when I am able to still love her when she goes with another man, then one day she will love me as I love her. This is the law o spiritual symmetry. It is so. But who has the endurance and who has the knowledge? Where can one learn such things? We need a school o love where the undamental laws o love are learned, just as in “Testeld 1”, the undamental laws o physics have to be learned. Becoming aware, knowing participants in the mystery o love; this is the entrance into a new epoch. I you want to know what one is dealing with in the area o love and partnership, you have to know what happened with love and partnership and sexuality or ve thousand ye-
ars and what the male patriarchal society did to women, especially to attractive women. I you look at the way a horrible human trauma was carved into the area o love; i you see that, then you know that the resolution o our conficts in partnership is not an issue between two people but an issue o humankind. (...) Through history, a traumatic lm has developed, which permanently runs unconsciously between men and women. There is no exception.(…) And sometime, when one has understood all o this, it is enough. Then you tell yoursel and also others: Enough, these times are over. We have to do something and we have the possibility today to end this war globally by using the right means in ecology, in technology, in the school o love, in spirituality and in economy. But we need places where all this knowledge is gathered together. Such a place is Tamera. Tamera was built as a model where the necessary knowledge and energies come together to develop a comprehensive model about which we can say, this is how it could unction globally.
Sunpulse water beside lake 1, 2008
The Stirling Engine The Stirling engine was invented in 1816 by the
mainly in the context o solar power stations and small co-generation units.
Scottish Reverend Robert Stirling, about 50 years ater the invention o the steam engine. Mainly driven by ethical considerations, he developed this alternative or the work in coal pits and stone quarries. The steam engines that were used to pump water in this areas oten exploded and many children working in the pits were injured. The rst Stirling engine worked as a water pump to drain a stone quarry in Scotland. The Stirling engine saw a rst boom at the end o the 19th Century as a decentralized energy source or the private houses o the rapidly growing middle class. At the beginning o the 20th Century, about 250,000 Stirling engines were in use worldwide, or example driving ventilators, water pumps or sewing machines. They can provide mechanical energy to private homes and small manuactures. When Otto and Diesel electro-generators came into use, Stirling engines were nearly completely replaced. Since the mid1970s, the Stirling engine is regaining acceptance,
How does a Stirling Engine work? The Stirling engine is driven by the temperature fuctuation o its working gas (typically air) which
Sunpulse Hotoil, 2004
First Stirling motor, 1816
What is a Stirling Engine? Stirling engines are nearly ideal thermal engines, meaning that they convert thermal energy very eciently into mechanical energy. Based on its thermodynamic principle the Stirling engine has an higher conversion eciency than the steam engine or the Otto or Diesel engines. A Stirling engine can use any possible heat source and heat sink as its “uel” as the heat is provided externally rom various sources. The Stirling engine doesn‘t depend on burning ossil uel internally like the Otto or Diesel motors, but can work with nearly every heat source, in the ideal case with biomass and/or the radiation o the sun.
The Stirling process: The Stirling engine works in 4 cycles: Cycle 1: isothermal expansion: In the lower part o the cylinder the air is heated and the resulting pressure moves the power piston upwards. Cycle 2: the displacer displacer piston with a phase shit o one ourth o a period moves downward and thereby displaces the air in the upper part o the cylinder. Here the air cools down in an isocoric way and the pressure diminishes. Cycle 3: isothermal compression: The power piston moves downwards and compresses the air. The compression heat is extracted through the cooler. cooler. Cycle 4: the displacer piston pushes the air again into the lower part o the cylinder where it is heated isocorically.
The Energy Power Greenhouse and the Sunpulse Water under construction, 2009
is caused by the heat source and heat sink. The air repeatedly expands (when heated) and shrinks (when cooled). Between the heating o the gas, causing expansion and the cooling o the gas, causing contraction, there needs to be a technical solution to create the fuctuation between hot and cold. Robert Stirling who created this hot air engine ound a superb solution. His idea was to create separated temperature zones: a permanently hot and a permanently cold zone within the engine. A displacer piston is used to periodically shit the air back and orth between the hot and cold zones where it can expand and contract. A connected power piston is moved when the air expands in the hot zone and consequently provides positive mechanical energy as the pressure rises. The Stirling research o Jürgen Kleinwächt Kleinwächter er In 1971 ather Hans and son Jürgen Kleinwächter extended their private research institute KLERA (Kleinwächter research & development or space and nuclear technology) more and more into the growing eld o solar energy. Until this time, Hans Kleinwächter had developed many technologies such as novel microwave antennas, shock wave
Solar power station SKK, Lörrach 1981
refectors or the destruction o kidney stones, rocket guidance systems and the most advanced anthropomorphic robot syntelman (Synchronous telemanipulators). Most o these genius inventions were used in the arms and nuclear industries and thereore ather and son made the ethical decision to subsequently bring their scientic knowledge only into the service o the solar uture. Beside many other research research areas ( e.g. the rst German solar car 1978) they concentrated mainly on the development o thermodynamic and especially Stirling engines and light weight concentrator optics — in which sunlight is concentrated with the help o thin metallised, pneumatically deormed oil concentrators, or more simply: refective plastic sheets curved with air pressure. These are the two key components to realize their basic idea: to combine relatively simple modules into a super lightweight and economic solar power station. In the year 1980 they ounded the Bomin Solar lnstitute as joint venture with the German oil company Bomin. The subsequent intensive research on Stirling engines resulted in the innovative system o a magnetically coupled high temperature Stir-
ling engine, which oers the technical solution or hermetically sealed high eciency Ses using Helium as the working gas. Already in the early Eighties they created a light weight solar power station SKK (Solar Kuppel Kratwerk) on their testeld in Lörrach. This consisted o a 10m oil paraboloid coupled with a 10 kW el ree-piston Stirling, protected under a 17m high transparent dome.
or low and medium temperatures should result in eciencies comparable to high temperature engines, however with greatly simplied and more economical materials and much lower mechanical tolerances. The reduction o temperatures, pressures and requencies make novel eciency enhancing geometries and materials possible or both the engines and the necessary optical concentrators. The Croatian Proessor Ivo Kolin and the Nürnberg based inventor Eckart Weber inspire the Kleinwächter team with theoretical bases and unction models o low temperature Stirling engines.
In the mid-Nineties Jürgen Kleinwächter and his team continued working ater Hans Kleinwächter’s Kleinwächter’s death in 1979. They concentrated increasingly on the development o low (around 100 degrees centigrade) and medium temperature (rom 100 to maximum 500 degrees centigrade) Stirling En- A completely novel Stirling technology is born, gines. The target is to develop a simple technology working with relatively low temperatures, high independent rom large production acilities, or eciencies and simple heat storage solutions or decentralized energy production or the benet o round-the-clock operation o the Stirling engine. large populations. This technology oers an answer to the enormous worldwide requirement or small power engines in The high pressures and temperatures o classical the range rom approximately 100 Watt Watt to approxiStirling engines require expensive special mate- mately 2 kilowatts. Consequently two models have rials and high precision and are thereore very been developed and are continually optimized, expensive. In comparison, a simplied technology the “Sunpulse Water” and the “Sunpulse Hotoil” .
Drat o the Sunpulse Water 300
Cross-section o the Sunpulse Hotoil 1500
The Sunpulse Water Water is a water pump which directly converts the incident energy o the incoming solar radiation into hydraulic energy and thereore oers ideal conditions or decentralized applications. The enormous potential o such simple ecient directly driven solar pumps becomes most evident when considering the situation in India: About 50% (!) o the total electrical energy produced is used to drive water pumps in rural areas. Since the population in these areas is poor and cannot aord the normal price o electricity, the central government is strongly subsidizing this electricity. Thereore Sunpulse Water Water engines oer the Indian economy a huge opportunity. As they can be produced locally with simple tools and materials this solution has the potential to create stable employment and drastic environmental improvements in these areas. The Sunpulse Hotoil is driven by two fuid circuits; hot oil on the hot side and water on the cold side. It directly drives such mechanical systems as cooling compressors, grain mills, saws and many other
useul mechanical systems; also electrical generators to produce electricity. The hot oil is heated by concentrated solar radiation and is used directly as both the heat transportation and storage medium. Thus the Sunpulse Hotoil acts as a solar power station able to provide around-the-clock energy o several kW. The direct conversion o heat to mechanical energy without the use o electric generators and motors is a most elegant and economic way to produce decentralized power. When an environmentalneutral biomass/biogas burner is added to the system, the round-the-clock operation can also be maintained during sun-poor seasons. Jürgen Kleinwächter and his team are continuing to optimize Stirling engines. One o the key elements is to develop optimal fuid dynamic congurations to enable ecient and extremely low cost heat exchangers – a key challenge or Stirling engines. Amongst the newest developments are the Sunpulse Hotoil 1000 with a power delivery o 1kWel, which since 2008 is operating at the Centre o
Installation o the Sunpulse Hotoil 1500 in the Testeld
Scheer Mirror in Tamera, 2008
“Recreation o trust is the human core o the work. Trust amongst humans, trust between humans and animals, trust in the divine world. ” Dieter Duhm
Excellence o Bill Arrington in Greencastle, Indiana). In Lörrach, 2009 an optimized Sunpulse Water with 300 Watt hydraulic power is in operation. To extend the power output o the Sunpulse Hotoil engine to the 10kW power range, a modied extremely compact medium temperature Stirling engine – the “Y-engine” is currently under development. In Tamera, Tamera, two Sunpulse Stirling engines currently operate on the solar TestField. TestField. 1. The Sunpulse Water 150, a low temperature Stirling engine with integrated solar collector and
hydraulic bellows pump with 150 Watt Watt power (this can lit 1 liter o water per second about 15m high). This engine was built in 2008 in cooperation with the solar team o Tamera. 2. The Sunpulse Hotoil 1500, a medium medium temperature engine delivering 1.5kW electricity with a hot oil circuit. The hot oil is produced in the Fresnel lens system o the neighbouring energy-power greenhouse and is used as the heat transportation medium whose heat content is stored in a large hot oil/gravel heat storage tank to extend the operation o the engine around the clock.
Scheer Mirror in Tamera, 2008
Construction o a Scheer Mirror Under the guidance o Alec Gagneux, a seminar took place in April - June 2008 or the construction o a Schefer Mirror in cooperation with the Tamera-Technology-Team, Monte Cerro students and invited experts.
What is a Scheer Mirror? A Scheer Mirror is a sun refector with a xed ocus, meaning that the sunlight is ocused on a xed point whereby the adjustment is designed in such a way that the burning point remains xed and does not wander. For this adjustment mechanism the inventor o this technology, Wolgang Scheer, has developed an intelligent construction which is related to the principles o the workings o a mechanical clock. The mirror adjusts automatically to ollow the course o the sun with the help o a technology which is built rom parts o bicycles. This technology has also been adopted and is being taught by the Bareoot College in Tilonia, India, one o the Global Campus cooperation partners (www.bareootcollege.org). On a sunny day the xed ocus or a solar oven, or
Cooking with the Scheer Mirror
instance, can be run without needing any manual adjustment. Through the xed ocus o the Scheer Mirror the construction o solar kitchens is possible, since the mirror supplies continued condensed light energy. The distance between the burning point (or instance the baking oven o a house) and the centre o the refector (mirror in ront o the house) is dened by the curve chosen or the mirror. mirror. Where are Scheel Mirrors useul? For the past 20 years the mirrors have been used in many Southern countries. The construction plans are an Open Source (not patented but eely accessible). The Bareoot College or instances, hold regular courses to capacitate village women to create their own independent and environmentriendly source o energy.
Framework or the slit receiver, 2009
The basic idea which led to the development o How efective is this technology? the Scheer Mirror was the desire to make solar The output o a refector with a surace o 10 m2 cooking as comortable as possible. At the same varies depending on the season o the year (i.e. time the apparatus should be such that - ater a high or low sun level) rom between bet ween 2.2 kW during given period o instruction – it ought to be possummer and 3.3 kW during winter with a sunbeam sible or it to be produced with locally available input o 700 Watt per m2. materials at any rural welding workshop. Since the How does Tamera want to use the Scheer Mirconstruction o a Scheer Refector does not have ror? to rely on building parts rom large industries, it With the surace o 10 m2 the mirror itsel is an imconstitutes a step towards independence. pressive sight apart rom being a “shining” exampIn India, the energy or large kitchens in some o le – in the true sense o the word – or a technology the Ashrams is produced with Scheer Mirrors. usually associated with third world development The largest such installation provides meals or up to be part o energy solutions in European counto 18.000 persons. tries. Instead o a cooking stove it is also possible to direct the burning ocus to a backing oven, a steamer or heat storage.
Second refector in the cooking box
Scheer Mirror in the Testeld
Architecture in the Testeld 2009
For nancial support: Portugal: Account holder: Associação para um Mundo Humanitário Bank: Caixa Crédito Agrícola S. Teotónio NIB: 0045 6332 4021 9980 8662 0 IBAN: PT50 0045 6332 4021 9980 8662 0 BIC: CCCMPTPL Germany: Account holder: Karl-Rainer Ehrenpreis - Forschungsgemeinschat Tamera Bank: GLS Gemeinschatsbank Bochum Account-No.: 400 635 2400, Bank Code (BLZ): 430 609 67 IBAN: DE02 4306 0967 4006 3524 00, BIC: GENODEM1GLS GENODEM1GL S Switzerland: Account holder: Stitung FGB, Verein Netzwerk - Tamera Bank: Freie Gemeinschatsbank, Basel Account-No.: 400.631.3, Clearing-No.: 8392, Postcheque Basel: 40-963-0 IBAN: CH20 0839 2000 0040 0631 3, BIC: RAIFCH22XXX Tax deductible receipts are available or donations made to this account in Switzerland . USA: Through the IHC (International Humanities Center), a non-prot organisation with 501 [c], you can get a donation invoice or the USA. Cheques: please send them directly to: IHC - International Humanities Center, PO Box 923, Malibu, CA 90265, USA. As reason or payment, please write: IHC/IGF Credit cards: please call: +1-310-579.2069; Fax: + 1-206-333.1797, Steve Sugarman:
[email protected]
Thank you or your support The Projectgroup SolarVillage
For urther inormation: inormation: www.tamera.org solarvillage.tamera.org Tamera, Tamera, Monte do Cerro, 7630-932 Colos, Portugal Tel. Oce Tamera: +351 / 283 635 306 Tel. Tel. Oce SolarVillage: +351 / 283 635 313 Fax.: +351 / 283 635 316 Your contact person: Barbara Kovats
[email protected]
