NG ZKMFEMG U NB] _XBMKJELEKFZB] LG] MBL[FK] JK NG CGHXEMGMEBF JK NB] LB]GEMB]
Kf kstbs efcbrlk sk kxpbfk kn prbmksb jk cghremgmeýf jk nbs lbsgembs, sk÷gngfjb nbs cgmtbrks jktkrlefgftks pgrg bhtkfkr uf hukf prbjumtb y ngs cgnngs lgs mblufks jk ngs prgmtemgs rutefgregs jk su knghbrgmeýf. Kf ng rkpuhnemg Gr`kftefg, nbs lbsgembs cghremgjbs g hgsk jk mklkftb _ýrtngfj pukjkf jevejersk kf jbs `rgfjks `rupbs9 nbs lbsgembs mgnmçrkbs y nbs lbsgembs `rgfìtembs. ]k÷gnklbs ufg gfblgnìg kf ng jkse`fgmeýf jk nbs lbsgembs y ks ng se`uekftk9 sk jkfblefgf jkfblefgf „mgnmçrkbs“ nbs lbsgembs lbsgembs quk prkmesglkftk mgrkmkf mgrkmkf jk lgtkregnks mgnmçrkbs kf mbfmkptb jk lgtkreg efkrtk, pukstb quk sýnb mbfstgf jk grkfg, mklkftb y mbnbrgftks m bnbrgftks efbr`çfembs. U sk jkfblefgf „`rgfìtembs“ nbs lbsgembs muyg supkrcemek jk jks`gstk kstg mbfstetuejg prkmesglkftk pbr `rgfungjbs jk fgturgnkzg mgnmçrkg (crg`lkftbs jk lçrlbn jk Mgrrgrg, vkrjk gnpk, trgvkrtefb, ýfex ýfex lçrlbn y rbsgjb, ktm...) y kn rkstb kstç cbrlgjb cbrlgjb pbr uf lbrtkrb jk grkfg y mklkftb `kfkrgnlkftk, puks fb ks mblùf ng gjemeýf jk g`rk`gjbs `ruksbs mblprkfjejbs mblprkfjejbs kftrk nbs tglemks tglemks jk :,4 ll y 75.? ll.. ll..
CGHXEMGMEBF JK NB] LB]GEMB] MGNMGXKB] Lgquefgregs k elpnklkftbs
_ukstb quk vertugnlkftk tbjb lbsgemb ks ufg lkzmng prkfsgjg jk mklkftb pbrtngfj, grkfg jk jesteftgs `rgfunblktrìgs y mbnbrgftks, ng prkfsg mbfstetuyk kn elpnklkftb elpnklkftb prefmepgn. Kxestkf Kxestkf jbs mngsks jk prkfsgs9 7) ngs jk „hgngfmìf“, lbvejgs g lgfb, mbf ufb b jbs huiks kf kn kik mkftrgn rbsmgjb1 8) ngs prkfsgs dejrçunemgs jk `rgf prbjummeýf y jk mblprkseýf ufecbrlk y rk`unghnk.
Ng pbtkfmeg jk jemdgs prkfsgs bsmengf kftrk 7? t y 78 t , quk gpnemgjgs g ng supkrcemek jk nbs nbs lbsgembs jk 8? ml x 8? ml (quk sbf nbs lçs 8 mblufks), jg ufg mblprkseýf jk =? a`/ml . Ngs prkfsgs dejrçunemgs sulefestrgf ufg mblprkseýf quk cnumtùg kftrk 8? a`/ml8 y 7?? a`/ml8 (ufg pbtkfmeg jk :? t y ks kxmkpmebfgn kxmkjkr kxmkjkr jk jemdbs `ugreslbs. Jkspuås jk ng prkfsg, se`ukf kf brjkf jk elpbrtgfmeg, ngs „dbrlgs“ y nbs „lbnjks“. ]k jkfblefg „dbrlgs“ gn rkmugjrb jk gmkrb gskftgjb sbhrk ufg pngfmdg tglheåf gn gmkrb gmkrb jk `rgf sbnejkz, rkmugjrb quk tekfk kf kf ufb jk sus çf`unbs uf mekrrk b tbrfennb y kf kn çf`unb bpukstb ufg hesg`rg, nb mugn pkrletk eftrbjumer kn „lbnjk“ jkftrb jk ufg dbrlg, suiktgrnb mugfjb sk prkfsg kn lbsgemb y kxtrgkrnb cçmenlkftk mbf sýnb gcnbigr ng lgfeig jkn rkmugjrb. Kn „lbnjk“ fb ks sefb kn jesk÷b jkn lbsgemb, quk `kfkrgnlkftk sk dgmk mbf ufgs mdgpetgs jk zefm, sbnjgjgs kf tgn cbrlg quk kn mgftb sk gsekftg pkrckmtglkftk gn cbfjb jk ng dbrlg, jevejeåfjbng kf pbrmebfks jkmbrgtevgs quk sk nnkfgf mbf „ pgstefgs “ jk jesteftbs mbnbrks1 pbr nb `kfkrgn fb kxmkjk 8,; ml jk gntb. Kn mblpnklkftb jk ng dbrlg gs ng „Zgpg“ quk giustg pkrckmtglkftk jkftrb ng dbrlg y kstg jkstefgjg jkstefgjg g rkmeher ng prkseýf prkseýf jkn tbpk jk ng prkfsg, prkfsg, mblprelekfjb kn lgtkregn jkftrb jk ng dbrlg. Ngs dbrlgs pgrg lbsgembs sk cghremgf kf ng Xkpùhnemg Gr`kftefg mbf ngs se`uekftks lkjejgs9 7; ml x 7; ml 1 8? ml x 8? ml1 =? ml x =? ml y :? ml x :? ml. Btrb elpnklkftb efjespkfsghnk y jk ksmgsb vgnbr ks nb quk nnglgf kf gn`ufgs cçhremgs “kn mkstb“, quk kstç cbrlgjb, kskfmegnlkftk, pbr jbs pngfmdukngs jk dekrrb quk kflgrmgf 8; lbsgembs lbsgembs gpengjbs jk mgftb pbr trks ngjbs (ng hgsk y nbs mbstgjbs ngtkrgnks) mbf g`grrgjkrgs kf nbs kxtrklbs pgrg cgmenetgr kn trgfspbrtk jksjk ng kstehg g ng penktg y jk kstg g ng kstehg jk kstgmebfglekftb. Zglheåf sbf fkmksgrebs nbs mngsecemgjbrks jk grkfg sk`ùf su `rgfunblktrìg y luy pbmgs cçhremgs jespbfkf jk knnbs.
NB] ZXK] K]ZXGZB] B MG_G] JK NB] LB]GEMB]9 Ng „ _gstefg _gstefg “- Ng „]kmg“- Ng „Hg÷g“
Ng „_gstefg“9 cbrlg ng mgrg supkrebr jkn lbsgemb, quk bstkftg kn jesk÷b mbnbrgjb y sbpbrtg ng cremmeýf jkn trçfsetb. Zekfk quk pbskkr kn lbsgemb ufg pkrckmtg nesurg y tgftb lçs nesg y pkrckmtg skrç s krç su supkrcemek mugftb lçs punejb kstk kn cbfjb jk ng dbrlg. Mugfjb mbf mbf kn usb sk gjvekrtg gn`ùf „pemgjb“kf ng dbrlg kftbfmks sk rktbmg pgrg lkibrgr su supkrcemek. Gftks jk gpnemgr ng „pgstefg“, ks fkmksgreb nuhremgr ngs mgrgs y nbs hbrjks jk ng dbrlg dbrlg y ng tgpg, mbf kn cef jk cgmenetgr kn jkspk`uk jkspk`uk jkn lbsgemb jkspuås jk prkfsgjb. Kn nuhremgftk klpnkgjb mbf lgybr åxetb kf ngs cghremgs jk lbsgembs mbfsestk kf ufg lkzmng jk 4?% jk akrbskfk y 8?% jk gmketk jk nefb mrujb. Kstk nuhremgftk cbrlg ufg tkfuk pknìmung gesngftk quk elpejk quk ngs pgstefgs y ng hg÷g sk gjdekrgf gjdekrgf g ng dbrlg y g ng tgpg. Ks efjespkfsghnk nuhremgr eflkjegtglkftk jkspuås jk jkspk`gjb kn lbsgemb pgrg prkpgrgr ng prkfsg se`uekftk. Kn lbnjk kf mglheb, fb sk nuhremg mbf lgtkregnks `rgsbs, sefb quk sk ngvg sulkr`ekfjb y g`etçfjbnb jkftrb jk ufg tefg mbf g`ug. Ng „pgstefg“ sk knghbrg lkzmngfjb ufg pgrtk jkn mbnbrgftk mbf mefmb pgrtks gprbxelgjglkftk jk g`ug y nuk`b sk nk g÷gjk mklkftb pbrtngfj dgstg bhtkfkr ufg pgstefg dblb`åfkg mbf ufg mbfsestkfmeg gfçnb`g g ng jk ufg pefturg gn`b mngretg. mngretg. ]k g÷gjk tglheåf tglheåf g ng pgstefg grkfg luy luy cefg b lgrlbnefg F¿ 4? se ng pgstefg sk knghbrg mbf mklkftb hngfmb. Ng prbpbrmeýf prbpbrmeýf jk grkfg b lgrlbnefg, mbf rkspkmtb gn mklkftb, cnumtùg kftrk ufg letgj y ufg mugrtg pgrtk. Ng kxgmtg mbfsestkfmeg jk ng pgstefg cgmenetg su jestrehumeýf dgmeg tbjbs nbs çf`unbs jkn lbnjk, nb mugn fb sk nb`rg se ks luy kspksg. Efmnefgfjb ng dbrlg dgmeg tbjbs nbs rulhbs y mbf uf çf`unb quk fufmg pgsg jk nbs :;¿ sk mbfse`uk quk ng pgstefg nnk`uk g muhrer ufecbrlklkftk ng mgrg jk ng dbrlg mbf uf kspksbr quk cnumtùg kftrk 8 y = ll.
]e ng pgstefg ks luy mngrg (b skg gn`b g`ugjg) nbs efmbfvkfekftks sk gmrkmekftgf1 qukjg lgn jkcefejg, hbrrbfkgjg, ngs nìfkgs jk skpgrgmeýf jk nbs jesteftbs mbnbrks, sef mbftgr quk kn kxmksb jk g`ug elpejk gn`ufgs vkmks quk ng „skmg“ pukjg ghsbrhkr kn g`ug sbhrgftk jk ng pgstefg, nb mugn tglheåf jecemuntg kn jkspk`uk jkn lbsgemb y su pbstkrebr kstghenejgj gftks jk crg`ugr kn mklkftb. Ng bpkrgmeýf pbstkrebr mbfsestk kf kxtrgkr kn lbnjk jk ng dbrlg, nb mugn jkhk dgmkrsk mbf `rgf muejgjb, pgrg kvetgr quk sk „mbrrgf“ ngs pgtefgs jk jesteftbs mbnbrks y sk hbrrbfkk kn jesk÷b jkn lbsgemb. ]k prbmkjk jk ng se`uekftk lgfkrg9 mbnbmgjg ng dbrlg dbrlg sbhrk ng pngfmdg jk dekrrb dekrrb quk mruzg kf glhbs skftejbs ngs pngtgcbrlgs jk ngs prkfsgs, mbf uf çf`unb jk 5?¿, s k gcnbig gn`b (nb efjespkfsghnk) ng lgfeig jkn lgrmb jk ng dbrlg, nb mugn pkrletk nkvgftgr kn lbnjk kf skftejb pkrckmtglkftk pkrpkfjemungr, pkrpkfjemungr, sef quk sk jksjehuik kn lbsgemb. Wukjg kftbfmks kn lbsgemb kf knghbrgmeýf, kf jespbsemeýf jk skrnk gpnemgjg ng lkzmng „skmg“, „skmg“, pkrb gftks jk prbsk`uer prbsk`uer mbf kstg btrg cgsk jk ng cghremgmeýf jkjemgrklbs gn`ufbs pçrrgcbs g jksmuhrer ngs cgnngs lçs mblufks kf quk efmurrkf nbs cghremgftks jk lbsgembs, kf ng prkpgrgmeýf jk ngs pgstefgs y kshbzgrklbs gjklçs gn`ufgs fbmebfks sbhrk mbnbrgftks. [f krrbr luy mblùf mbfsestk kf prkpgrgr ufg mgftejgj kxmksevg jk pgstefg. Nbs efmbfvkfekftks efmbfvkfekftks quk sk bre`efgf sbf jk brjkf jevkrsb jevkrsb y sef jujg gn`ufg jk vetgn elpbrtgfmeg. Mugfjb sk prkpgrg ufg mgftejgj mbfsejkrghnk jk pgstefg gn mghb jk lgs lgs jk = d mugfjb sk klpnkg klpnkg mklkftb _ýrtngfj fbrlgn y 7,; d mugfjb sk usg mklkftb jk gntg rksestkfmeg efemegn, klpekzg g kspksgrsk ng pgstefg (sk efemeg kn crg`ugjb jkn mklkftb) y pbr rk`ng `kfkrgn, nbs bcemegnks lbsgequestgs g÷gjkf sumksevglkftk lgybr mgftejgj jk g`ug pgrg lgftkfkr ng pgstefg sucemekftklkftk sucemekftklkftk cnuejg. Mblb ks fgturgn, fgturgn, kstbs cnuykf kf cbrlg jkmesevg, kf ng jeslefumeýf jk ng rksestkfmeg g ng cremmeýf quk ng supkrcemek jkn lbsgemb jkhk pbskkr, ng lgybr pgrtk jk nbs lbsgembs quk g nbs pbmbs g÷bs jk mbnbmgjbs sk jksmgsmgrgf, jklukstrgf dghkrsk rkskftejb jk ng gjemeýf jk g`ug mugfjb yg sk dghìg efemegjb kn crg`ugjb. Btrg cgnng luy mblùf ks ng jk supbfkr quk pbr rgzbfks jk ng gntg prbpbrmeýf jk mklkftb mklkftb quk mblpbfk ng pgstefg, pgstefg, fb elpbrtg ngs ngs elpurkzgs quk ng grkfg cefg pukjg mbftkfkr. Xkgnlkftk, efcnuykf lumdb ngs lgtkregs grmennbsgs quk gn`ufgs grkfgs cefgs mbftekfkf y `rgf pgrtk jk ngs cesurgs b `rektgs supkrcemegnks cenecbrlks quk gpgrkmkf jkspuås jkn murgjb jk nbs lbsgembs bhkjkmkf g jemdg mgusg.
Nbs mklkftbs pbrtngfj fbrlgnks sulefestrgf kxmknkftks pgstefgs jk mbnbr fk`rb, lgrrýf, rbib bsmurb, glgrennb eftkfsb, y, jksjk nuk`b, kn mbnbr fgturgn `res vkrjbsb lçs b lkfbs bsmurb sk`ùf ng lgrmg jkn mklkftb. Kf mugftb sk jkhk jespbfkr jk mbnbrks mngrbs, pbr kiklpnb9 mbnbr grkfg mngrb, vkrjk, gzun, ktm..., yg ks efjespkfsghnk rkmurrer g nbs knklkftbs hngfmbs. NB] MBNBXGFZK]
Nbs mbnbrgftks pgrg nbs lbsgembs sbf nbs leslbs ýxejbs lktçnembs quk sk klpnkgf kf kn dbrle`ýf. _br nb `kfkrgn, nbs cghremgftks gmkptgf quk mbf nbs mbnbrks fb ks mbfvkfekftk mbfvkfekftk kckmtugr kfsgybs g mek`gs y pbr su pgrtk nbs cghremgftks jk mbnbrgftks sk kslkrgf ks lkrgf kf pkrckmmebfgr sus prbjumtbs. Kxestkf kf kn pgìs vgrebs cghremgftks jk mbnbrgftks y kf re`br jk vkrjgj fb dklbs pbjejb mblprbhgr gn`ufgs gjuntkrgmebfks quk gckmtg kf ng hukfg mgnejgj jkn mbnbrgftk mbnbrgftk kf nbs prbjumtbs prbjumtbs quk kxpkfjkf mblb mblb `kfuefbs pgrg ng cghremgmeýf jkn jkn lbsgemb. Mgse seklprk seklprk quk ngs cçhremgs tekfkf jecemuntgjks mbf kn mbnbr quk sk g÷gjk g ngs pgstefgs ks jkhejb g quk pbr ufg kmbfblìg lgn kftkfjejg klpnkgf prbjumtbs jk mgnejgj efckrebr, gjquerejbs g hgib prkmeb jksveçfjbsk jksveçfjbsk jk ngs efjemgmebfks jkn cghremgftk jk mbnbrgftks mbnbrgftks quk tekfk ng tkfjkfmeg jk vkfjkr lkibr prbjumtbs g uf mbstb lçs knkvgjb. Cbrzgjbs g vkfjkr g hgib prkmeb, sur`kf mgnejgjks efckrebrks. Wukrklbs sk÷gngr gquì ng rkngmeýf quk sk prbjumk kftrk nbs mklkftbs pbrtngfj y nbs mbnbrgftks, gufquk kstbs skgf tgf kstghnks mblb nbs ýxejbs lktçnembs. Kn mklkftb pbrtngfj tekfk ufg rkgmmeýf gnmgnefg y sk gjletk `kfkrgnlkftk quk gn dejrgtgrsk kn mklkftb mbf rkgmmeýf fktglkftk hçsemg, tekfjk g mbfvkrter nbs ýxejbs kf dejrgtbs, jk pbjkr mbnbrgftk efckrebr, Kstbs gpgrtk jk ng gmmeýf jkmbnbrgftk jk nbs rgybs jkn sbn s bn mbfstetuykf kn lbtevb prefmepgn quk nbs mbnbrgftks mbnbrgftks klpnkgjbs kf ng cghremgmeýf jk lbsgembs lbsgembs y kf `kfkrgn mbf kn dbrle`ýf, pekrjkf su eftkfsg mbnbrgmeýf mbf nbs g÷bs, pgrtemungrlkftk prbpkfsbs prbpkfsbs g jkmbnbrgrsk jkmbnbrgrsk mbf nbs mbnbrks9 gzun, vkrjk y lumdg lkfbr ksmgng nbs jklçs.
Ks kvejkftk quk sk`ùf skg ng mblpbsemeýf jkn mklkftb pbrtngfj kstg gmmeýf skrç lgs b lkfbs eftkfsg. Kspkmegn efcnukfmeg tekfk ng prkskfmeg jk mgn nehrk y nbs çnmgnes1 mugfjb lgybr skg ng prbpbrmeýf jk kstbs, prkskftks kf kn mklkftb, lgybr skrç ng jkmbnbrgmeýf, gufquk sk uskf mbnbrgftks errkprbmdghnks, vgnk jkmer, jk hukfg mgnejgj. Nbs mbnbrgftks quk sk klpnkgf kf ng Xkpùhnemg Gr`kftefg pbskkf ufg mgnejgj luy ufecbrlk y sýnb pbr kxmkpmeýf sk rk`estrg uf jkskquenehreb kf su mblpbsemeýf. Nbs knklkftbs pbrtngfj fgmebfgnks kf `kfkrgn sbf jk mgnejgj kxmknkftk, jk lgfkrg quk se sk prbjumk gn`ufg jkmbnbrgmeýf cukrg jk nb fbrlgn, jkhk efvkste`grsk se kn mbnbrgftk klpnkgjb mbftekfk çnmgnes. [f hukf pe`lkftb pgrg ng efjustreg jk nbs lbsgembs jkhk rkufer ufg skrek jk mbfjemebfks quk kxpbfjrklbs nb lçs hrkvklkftk pbsehnk. 7¿- Jkhk pbskkr ufg kxtrklg cefurg jk lbnekfjg ” Mugnejgj prelbrjegn, sef jujg gn`ufg, y quk sk jksmuejg su mbftrbn nglkftghnklkftk. nglkftghnklkftk. _brquk lekftrgs sk jktkrlefg crkmukftklkftk ng cefurg jk lbnekfjg jkn mklkftb, ks ghsurjb quk fb kxestgf fe fbrlgs quk ceikf kn rksejub jk nbs mbnbrgftks sbhrk nbs tglemks :,4 ll 3,8 ll y 73,= ll, mbf lgybr lbtevb se sk s k mbfsejkrg quk ng cefurg jkn mbnbrgftk kstç kf rgzýf jerkmtg mbf su rkfjelekftb. 8¿- Zekfk quk skr jk mblpbsemeýf quìlemg mbfbmejg ” pbrquk knnb cgmenetg kfbrlklkftk kn kfsgyb quk jglbs g mbftefugmeýf pgrg mgjg mngsk jk mbnbr. =¿- Nbs mbnbrgftks jkhkf kstgr nehrks mblpnktglkftk jk g`ug jk mrestgnezgmeýfGn`ufbs mbnbrgftks sk bhtekfkf pbr ng prkmepetgmeýf jk dejrgtbs quk pbr mgnmefgmeýf pgsgf g ýxejbs, se pbr jkckmtubsg mgnmefgmeýf qukjg g`ug jk mrestgnezgmeýf skrç pkriujemegn pgrg kn lbsgemb. :¿- Nbs mbnbrgftks skrç jk bre`kf efbr`çfemb ” Efjujghnklkftk, nbs mbnbrks g hgsk jk sustgfmegs br`çfemgs dgf lkibrgjb fbtghnklkftk fbtghnklkftk kf nbs ùntelbs g÷bs y ks crkmukftk quk nbs vkfjkjbrks jk mbnbrks jk gfenefg eftkftkf mbnbmgr sus prbjumtbs kftrk nbs cghremgftks cghremgftks jk lbsgembs, lbsgembs, kf vertuj kspkmegnlkftk kspkmegnlkftk jk su `rgf rkfjelekftb kf sbnumebfks. Jkhkf kxe`ersk mbnbrgftks jk bre`kf efbr`çfemb pbrquk sbf lçs kstghnks, fb sk jkmbnbrgf fe tekfkf efcnukfmeg fbmevg kf nbs lbrtkrbs y dbrle`bfks, ngs gfenefgs rksestkf luy lgn g ng eftklpkrek.
;¿- ]krçf nbs mbnbrgftks pkrckmtglkftk rksestkftks g ng nuz ” Gn`ufbs prbjumtbs mbnbrgftks sbf efbr`çfembs y sef klhgr`b rksestkf lgn lgn ng nuz (pbr kiklpnb nbs lgf`gfgtbs y pkrlgf`gfgtbs jk pbtgseb, ktm...) pbrquk nbs rgybs gmtìfembs jkn sbn nbs jkstruykf. 3¿- Nbs mbnbrgftks jkhkf kstgr kxkftb jk sgnks sbnuhnks (br`çfemgs b efbr`çfemgs) y tgftb jk fgturgnkzg çmejg mblb gnmgnefg ” Kn efmbfvkfekftk prefmepgn jk nbs mbnbrgftks mbnbrgftks quk mbftkf`gf jemdgs jemdgs sgnks, ks quk prbjumkf kcnbrksmkfmegs, jkckmtb quk mgse seklprk sk gtrehuyk gn mklkftb pbrtngfj, kspkmegnlkftk se sbf jk fgturgnkzg gnmgnefg, pbr ný`emg mgrhbfgtgmeýf mbf kn MB8 jk ng gtlýsckrg. 0¿- Nbs mbnbrgftks jkhkf kstgr nehrks jk yksb pgrg quk ngs pgstefgs mbnbrkgjgs fb sk g`rektkf jkspuås jk kstgmebfgjbs nbs lbsgembs - Ng prkskfmeg jk yksb ks fbtghnklkftk gntg kf nbs gzunks g ng mgn, nnglgjbs „Gzun jk Mgsskn“, „Gzun jk Fkrvknt“ y „Gzun Ef`nås“. Ef`nås“. ]u mblpbsemeýf mblpbsemeýf quìlemg ng mbfstetuyk mbfstetuyk uf „mgrhbfgtb hçsemb jk mbhrk“ quk fb sk lbjecemg mbf gjemeýf jk sgnks jk mgnmeb, pbr nb quk sk kxpkfjkf kxpkfjkf lkzmngjbs mbf yksb. ]bf jk prkmeb rkjumejb rkjumejb y gn`ufbs cghremgftks jk lbsgembs nbs klpnkgf mugfjb nks kxe`kf hgibs prkmebs. Gn`b gfçnb`b sumkjk mbf kn mbnbrgftk vkrjk nnglgjb „vkrjk g ng mgn“, quk kf nbs mbnbrks jk hgib h gib prkmeb trgtg jk supngftgr gn ýxejb jk mrblb, quk tglheåf mbftekfk ng gjemeýf jk suncgtbs jk mgnmeb. Mugfjb lçs yksb mbftekfkf nbs pe`lkftbs tgftb lgs cçmenlkftk sk g`rektg kn lbsgemb, pbrquk gn ghsbrhkr kn g`ug gulkftg kn vbnulkf. 4¿- Nbs pe`lkftbs mbnbrgftks usgjbs kf ng efjustreg jk nbs lbsgembs jkhkf skr mblpnktglkftk efsbnuhnks kf g`ug. ” _brquk ný`emglkftk jk nb mbftrgreb fb bcrkmk fef`ufg rksestkfmeg g nbs g`kftks gtlbscårembs y pekrjkf su mbnbr mbf nbs rketkrgjbs ngvgjbs. 5¹ - Jkhkf pbskkr pkrckmtg pkrckmtg gjdkrkfmeg g nbs mblpbfkftks jk nbs nbs lbrtkrbs y dbrle`bfks ” Cbrlgfjb ufg ìftelg lkzmng mbf kn mklkftb y nbs g`rk`gjbs pgrg quk gnmgfmkf ufg ufg jurgmeýf gfçnb`g g ng jk nbs btrbs eftk`rgftks. eftk`rgftks. 7?¿- Fb jkhk dghkr sejb gjuntkrgjbs mbf gjemebfks jk lgtkregs teftýrkgs b gmketks lefkrgnks fe mgbnefks b grmenngs pgrg gulkftgr kn pksb ” Ng rgzýf jk knnbs ks bhveg. Ng lgtkreg prbvkfekftks jk gmketks lefkrgnks fb pkrletk uf
hukf klpgstk mbf kn g`ug y ng gjemeýf jk grmenng grmenng cgvbrkmk kn jksgrrbnnb jk cesurgs.
KCKMZB] _XBJ[MEJB] MBF KN KF]GUB JK MBNBXK] LEFKXGNK] GN ]KX ZXGZGJB _BX JKZKXLEFGJB] XKGMZESB]
Mbnbr Lefkrgn
Gmejb Mnbrdìjremb ]bn. Fbrlgn
Dejrgtb jk ]uncgtb jk ]bjeb Glbfeb ]bn. ]bn. Fbrlgn Fbrlgn Bxejb jk Nkftglkftk ]bnumeýf Kffk`rkmelek Dekrrb rbib sbnuhnk Glgrenng ftb pbr gmmeýf Mbnbr glgrennb prbnbf`gjg Bmrk ]bnuhnk mbf mbnbr ]bnumeýf Mbnbr kftrk (pgrjb) glgrennb-rksejub glgrenng pgrjb y hngfmb lgrrýf Glgrennb jk _br khunnemeýf ]bnuhnk zefm Yf(MrB:) pgrg gfgrgfigjb Fk`rb jk dulb
Efgtgmghnk
Skrjk jk [ntrglgr
]k gfung kn mbnbr mbf Cbrlgmeýf jk D8]
Bxejb jk mrblb (vkrjk) Skrjk jk mgn
Gzun jk untrglgr
E`femeýf Nçlpgrg jk . Hufskf Glgrennb bsmurb Ck=B: Mbnbr pgrjb rbiezb _krng jk mrblb
_gsg g mbnbr lgrrýf Efgtgmghnk
Efgtgmghnk
Grjk
Efgtgmghnk
_gsg g mbnbr gzun
Nkftglkftk sbnuhnk Mbnbr vkrjk Xçpejglkftk sbnuhnk
Efgtgmghnk
Skrjk bpgmb
Efgtgmghnk
Efgtgmghnk
Efgtgmghnk
Xbib glgrennkftb
Jkmbnbrgmeýf Cbrlgmeýf jk D]8
Efgtgmghnk
Efgtgmghnk
Efgtgmghnk
KF]GUB] CE]EMB] Xkfjelekftb jkn pe`lkftb
]k gjquekrk uf pbmb jk ýxejb jk dekrrb jk 7??% jk purkzg p urkzg y sk lkzmng mbf ýxejb jk zefm, quìlemglkftk purb, kf ngs se`uekftks prbpbrmebfks9 p rbpbrmebfks9 797, 79=, 79;, 797;, ktm.. Kstgs lukstrgs sk lkzmngf nuk`b mbf ufg sbnumeýf jk `blg grçhe`g, dgstg ng mbfsestkfmeg jk ufg pefturg y sk peftgf ufbs pgpknks hngfmbs, cukrtks, jk ufbs ufbs 7? ml x 8? ml y sk jkig skmgr. Kn leslb prbmkjelekftb sk se`uk mbf kn ýxejb jk dekrrb quk sk jkskg kfsgygr y ufg vkz mblpgrgjbs nbs pgpknks jk e`ugn pbrmkftgik jk pe`lkftb sk pukjk jkjumer su prbhghnk rkfjelekftb. Kn leslb prbmkjelekftb sk se`uk mbf nbs btrbs pe`lkftbs yg skg jk mbnbr vkrjk, gzun, ktm.. Kcnbrksmkfmegs ” Nbs pe`lkftbs jk mgnejgj efckrebr, sk`ùf yg dklbs lgfeckstgjb, mbftekfkf mnbrurbs y suncgtbs sbnuhnks y quk jkspuås jkn crg`ugjb jk ng pgstefg prbjumkf ngs kcnbrksmkfmegs kf cbrlg jk mrestgnks. Fb seklprk kstgs sgnks prbvekfkf jk nbs mbnbrgftks, puks pukjkf kstgr kf sbnumebfks kf kn g`ug k efmnusb ng n g grkfg pukjk skr vkdìmunb jk gnmgnefejgj quk gn mgrhbfgtgr prbjumk ngs tklejgs kcnbrksmkfmegs. Ng tkfjkfmeg jkn pe`lkftb g prbjumer kcnbrksmkfmegs sk kfsgyg lkzmnçfjbnb mbf g`ug jkstengjg, y kxtkfjekfjb ng pgstg mbf uf kspksbr jk ufbs 8 ll -= ll sbhrk uf vejreb vejreb pngfb y jkigfjb jkigfjb sgmgr ng lukstrg gn sbn. Ng prkskfmeg jk sgnks mgpgmks jk prbjumer p rbjumer kcnbrksmkfmegs kcnbrksmkfmegs kf nbs lbsgembs sk lgfecekstg mbf ng gpgremeýf jk mrestgnezgmebfks hngfmgs kf ng pkreckreg jkn mbnbr quk sk kxtkfjeý sbhrk kn kn vejreb. Xksestkfmeg g ng nuz ” ]k se`uk kn leslb prbmkjelekftb quk dklbs jksmreptb pgrg kfsgygr kn rkfjelekftb rkfjelekftb jk nbs pe`lkftb, pgrg pgrg jkspuås kxpbfkrnbs kxpbfkrnbs g ng nuz jkn sbn, muhrekfjb ng letgj jk ng supkrcemek peftgjg mbf uf pgpkn fk`rb klhrkgjb b lkibr gùf mbf ufg nçlefg jk pnblb jk ?,; ll g 7 ll jk
kspksbr. [f hukf pe`lkftb fb jkhk gmusgr jeckrkfmeg jk tbfb kftrk ng pgrtk prbtk`ejg y ng kxpukstg kxpukstg g ng nuz jkn sbn, jkspuås jkspuås jk 8 lksks pbr nb lkfbs. lkfbs. Mbfstgfmeg jk vbnulkf ” ]k lbnjkgf ufgs pngquktgs mbf 7?? ` jk mklkftb,. = 8? ` jk mbnbrgftk y =? ml jk g`ug. ]k lgftekfkf kf glhekftk dùlkjb jurgftk 8: d, jkspuås jk nb mugn sk sblktkf jurgftk jurgftk 8 d ý = d g 78?¿M. ]e ]e kf ng supkrcemek jk ng pngquktg sk gjvekrtkf gn`ufgs `rektgs rgjegnks, quk tekfjkf g kfsgfmdgrsk dgmeg kn hbrjk, pukjk jkjumersk ng prkskfmeg jk dgstg uf =% jk suncgtb kf nbs mbnbrgftks. ]gnks br`çfemgs ” Ng prkskfmeg jk sgnks br`çfemgs, tbjgs pkriujemegnks pgrg nbs mbnbrks, sk mblprukhgf kxpbfekfjb kn pe`lkftb g ng nnglg jk uf lkmdkrb Hufskf sbhrk ufg mdgpetg jk gmkrb. Gn mgnkftgrsk kxestk seklprk uf mglheb jk mbnbr quk pgrg kstk kfsgyb fb tekfk elpbrtgfmeg, pkrb quk rkvkngrç ng prkskfmeg jk sgnks br`çfemgs se gpgrkmk ufg mgrhbfezgmeýf kf ng lkzmng b sk s k jksprkfjk dulb mbf mbnbr g hrkg. Mbnbrgftks sbnuhnks kf g`ug ” Mbf crkmukfmeg sk gjuntkrgf nbs mbnbrgftks mbf gjemeýf jk sbnumebfks quk mblufemgf ufbs tbfbs lçs vevbs gn pe`lkftb, gufquk kstb fb sk dgmk kxtkfsevb gn mbnbrkgr kn mklkftb. Ks luy cçmen jk efvkste`gr tgn gjuntkrgmeýf, puks hgstgrg mbnbmgr uf pbmb jk ng lukstrg jkn jkn mbnbrgftk sbhrk uf uf pgpkn jk centrb y åstk g su vkz kf uf klhujb. ]k mbnbmg uf vgsb jk vejreb jkhgib jkn klhujb y sk dkmdg pbmb g pbmb g`ug mgnekftk sbhrk sbhrk kn mbnbrgftk. ]e kn mbnbrgftk ks purb, sef mbnbrgftks sbnuhnks, kn g`ug pgsgrç kn vgsb mblpnktglkftk efmbnbrb1 y se pgsg mbnbrkgjg pukjk gcerlgrsk quk kn pe`lkftb dg sejb gjuntkrgjb gjuntkrgjb mbf mbnbrks mbnbrks jk gfenefg. Gftks jk mkrrgr kstk mgpìtunb sbhrk mbnbrgftks, jkigrklbs kstghnkmejb quk mbftrgreglkftk g nb quk `kfkrgnlkftk sk gjletìg, ng gjemeýf jk mbnbrgftks (kspkmegnlkftk kn ýxejb jk dekrrb y kn ýxejb jk mrblb gulkftg ng rksestkfmeg jk lbrtkrbs y dbrle`bfks, kspkmegnlkftk se su prbpbrmeýf mbf rkspkmtb gn pksb jkn mklkftb fb supkrg kf lumdb gn 7?%. 7? %. Ngs efvkste`gmebfks quk rkgnezý kf tgn t gn skftejb kn „_ettshur`d Zkstef` Nghbrgtbry“ cukrbf jkcefetevgs.
LKYMNG] JK MBNBXGFZK] _GXG ZBFB] EFZKXLKJEB]
Ks cçmen gjvkrter quk kn fulkrb jk ýxejb lktçnemb quk prbjumkf mbnbrks cerlks kf ngs lkzmngs mbf mklkftbs ks luy neletgjg, pbrquk kf rksulkf qukjgf rkjumejbs g nbs se`uekftks9
Fk`rb
Xbib _grjb Glgrennb
Skrjk Gzun
Bxejb fk`rb jk dekrrb dekrrb (Ck= B:) Bxejb fk`rb jk lg`fkseb Fk`rb jk dulb Bxejb rbib jk dekrrb (Ck8B=) Bxejb jk dekrrb (Ck8B=) Bmrk (bxejb jk dekrrb dejrgtgjb) Mrblgtb jk zefm (YfMrB:) Mrblgtb jk hgreb (HgMrB:) Bxejb vkrjk jk mrblb (Mr 8B=) Bxejb jk Mbhgntb (Mb8B=) Ckrremegfurb ckrremb (Ck :(MF)3Ck) Gzun jk Zurfuhunn (Ckrremegfurb ckrrbsb)
]k pukjkf bhtkfkr tbfbs luy jevkrsbs, prbmkjekfjb g ng lkzmng jk nbs prkmepetgjbs, kspkmegnlkftk mbf mbnbrks tkfuks quk rkquekrgf ufg hgsk jk mklkftb hngfmb. _br kiklpnb9 Gfgrgfigjb9
Mbf Bxejb cårremb rbib y glgrennb nelýf.
Glgrennb rbiezb9 Bxejb jk lg`fkseb Bxejb cårremb Bxejb ckrrbsb cårremb
:p. 3p. 8p.
Skrjk lgr9
Bxejb jk mrblb mbf gn`b jk ýxejb jk mbhgntb.
Skrjk mngrb9
Bxejb jk mrblb mbf gjemeýf jk glgrennb jk zefm.
Sebnktg9
Bxejb jk mbhgntb mbf gjemeýf jk bxejb rbib jk dekrrb.
Ng mblhefgmeýf mbf tbfbs eftkrlkjebs sbf lùntepnks y fb ngs jktgnnglbs kf `rgmegs g ng hrkvkjgj. Ng „skmg“, su rbn y prbpbrmebfks ” rkgfujgfjb ng jksmrepmeýf jkn prbmksb jk cghremgmeýf jk nbs lbsgembs, nnk`glbs gn puftb quk jkhk gpnemgrsk ng „skmg“. Ngs pgstefgs quk sk gpnemgf mbf uf kxmksb jk g`ug bhne`gjb jkhkf mkjkr kn g`ug sbhrgftk g ng lkzmng „skmg“ pgrg g su vkz dejrgtgrng y cbrlgr ufg pkrckmtg ufeýf kftrk ngs mgpgs mblpbfkftks. Ng skmg jkhk rkstgr kn g`ug kxmkjkftk jk ng pgstefg pbr „ghsbrmeýf“ y jk gdì quk fb mbfvkf`gf grkfgs cefgs quk lkzmngjgs mbf mklkftb fb tekfkf sucemekftk pbrbsejgj, sefb quk sk klpnkg pbr nb `kfkrgn grkfg `ruksg y mklkftb, kf pgrtks e`ugnks. Kstg ghsbrmeýf fb vkrecemg kf pgrtk gftks jk skr prkfsgjg kn lbsgemb y kf cbrlg tbtgn jkspuås jk ng prkseýf g quk kn lbsgemb ks sblktejb. ]e ng ghsbrmeýf dg sejb kckmtevg, gn jksprkfjkrsk kn lbsgemb jk ng dbrlg mbf tbjg cgmenejgj, jkspuås jkn prkfsgjb1 se pbr skr ksmgsg ng mgftejgj jk „skmg“ fb ghsbrhk tbjb kn kxmkjkftk, ng pgstefg „sk mbrrk“, sk hbrrbfkg kn jesk÷b y jkspk`g lgn jk ng dbrlg b fb f b sk jkspk`g, sk`ùf nbs mgsbs. Hgstg nb kxprksgjb pgrg jkjumer quk nbs cghremgftks jk lbsgembs (y gùf lçs nbs bcemegnks quk trghgigf g mbftrgtb) tekfk kn lgybr eftkrås jk uf jkspk`uk rçpejb. U fb mbfcbrlçfjbsk mbf ng ghsbrmeýf quk jksgrrbnng kn mklkftb pbrtngfj, ks crkmukftk quk ng g÷gjgf „mgn dejrçunemg“, nb mugn pngftks ufg hecurmgmeýf jk tgn tgn vgregftks. ]e ng prbpbrmeýf prbpbrmeýf fb kxmkjk kxmkjk jkn ;% jkn mklkftb klpnkgjb, fb prbjumk uf `rgf kckmtb, pkrb se sk gulkftg ng prbpbrmeýf kf ng skmg, skmg, kspkmegnlkftk se sk trgtg jk mgn lgn gpg`gjg, ks kvejkftk quk gulkftg ng ghsbrmeýf pkrb pbstkrebrlkftk gpgrkmk uf g`rektglekftb nglkftghnk. Kn mklkftb klpnkgjb kf ng skmg jkhk skr jk kxmknkftk mgnejgj, jk e`ugn mngsk quk kn klpnkgjb kf ngs pgstefgs y ng hg÷g, gufquk ng lkzmng jk ng skmg fb sucrg fe ng cremmeýf mblb ng pgstefg, fb sbpbrtk ng lgybr pgrtk jk ng mblprkseýf jkn trçfsetb jksgrrbnngjb sbhrk nbs lbsgembs. Kspkmegnlkftk pkriujemegnks pgrg ng skmg, sbf nbs „elpkrlkghenezgftks“ „elpkrlkghenezgftks“ jk mugnquekr mngsk quk skgf, tgftb se sk trgtg jk
kstkgrgtbs jk mgnmeb, gnulefeb gnulefeb b glbfeb, mblb se sbf jk brjkf brjkf pgrgcìfemb, b sbnumebfks jk dejrbmgrhurbs. ]k dg mblprbhgjb rketkrgjglkftk quk hgstg uf ?.;% jk lgtkreg `rgsg, mbf rkspkmtb gn pgsb jkn mklkftb, g÷gjejb g ng „skmg“, pgrg quk nbs cghremgftks jk lbsgembs yg kxpkrelkftkf skregs jecemuntgjks kf su knghbrgmeýf. Ng „hg÷g“ ” Ng „hg÷g“ eftk`rg ng lgybr pgrtk jkn lbsgemb, gprbxelgjglkftk uf 3?% jkn kspksbr tbtgn. [fg lkzmng kxmkpmebfgnlkftk hukfg skrìg ng jk ufg pgrtk jk mklkftb pbrtngfj y trks pgrtks jk grkfg hekf `rgjugjg. _bsehnklkftk kstg lkzmng skreg kxmksevg kf mekrtbs mgsbs y pbr kstb nb lçs mblùf ks ng lkzmng jk 79: kf ngs cçhremgs quk knghbrgf kn ghbrgf uf hukf prbjumtb pbrquk kf btrgs quk fb tekfkf uf `rgf eftkrås kf cghremgr hekf b kspbrçjemglkftk mugfjb vkfjk lbsgembs g uf prkmeb lkfbr quk kn kstepungjb pgrg nbs lbsgembs jk prelkrg mgnejgj sk klpnkg ng lkzmng 79; y dgstg 793, mblb nb dklbs mblprbhgjb lumdgs vkmks. Ng „hg÷g“ pkrletk ufg lkzmng quk efmnusb pbjrìg mbftkfkr ufg mekrtg prbpbrmeýf jk g`rk`gjbs supkrebr kf tglg÷b g nbs :,4 ll, yg cuksk `rgfzg b grkfg `rgfìtemg, ktm..., quk jksjk nuk`b jkhkrìg skr, s kr, pkrckmtglkftk nelpeg y nehrk jk lgtkregs grmennbsgs. Ng „hg÷g“ jkhk pbskkr uf jktkrlefgjb `rgjb jk dulkjgj quk gn skr prkfsgjb kn lbsgemb, pkrletg quk sk dejrgtk sucemekftklkftk kn mklkftb pgrg cbrlgr uf sbnb sbnb hnbma jk mbdkseýf mbdkseýf hekf mblpgmtgjg. Ng mgftejgj jk g`ug quk sk g÷gjk g ng lkzmng jk hg÷g jkpkfjk jkn `rgjb jk dulkjgj quk tkf`g kn g`rk`gjb y gufquk fb tekfk ufg lkjejg re`urbsg, fufmg dklbs mblprbhgjb quk sk dgygf prbjumejb jecemuntgjks pbr tgn lbtevb. ]k pkrmehk gn tgftkb mugfjb ng lkzmng tekfk dulkjgj sucemekftk1 tblçfjbng mbf ng lgfb y bpreleåfjbng cukrtklkftk, qukjg gn`b lbnjkgjg, sef quk nnk`uk g sk`rk`gr g`ug kf ng lkfbr mgftejgj, fe pbr ng prkseýf jk ng prkfsg, fe lumdb lkfbs gn kxprelerng mbf ng lgfb.
]e jkspuås jkn prkfsgjb sk gjvekrtk quk ng hg÷g qukjg gn`b dùlkjg, seklprk sk jespbfk ng gjemeýf jk btrg pgrtk jk hg÷g sef dulkjkmkr, lkzmngfjb hekf pgrg cbrlgr ufg pbrmeýf pkrckmtglkftk dblb`åfkg. ]k mbnbmg ng lkzmng jk hg÷g, pbr mbfse`uekftk, sbhrk ng lkzmng jk skmg1 sk jestrehuyk ng mgpg rçpejglkftk, kf cbrlg quk tkf`g jkftrb jkn lgrmb jk ng dbrlg kn leslb kspksbr y sk sblktk gn prkfsgjb, yg skg mbf ng prkfsg b hgngfmìf b hekf mbf ng ng prkfsg dejrçunemg. Kn murgjb ” Kn „murgjb“ jk nbs lbsgembs ks ufg jk ngs cgsks jk ng cghremgmeýf quk kstç pbr nb `kfkrgn lgs jksmuejgjg. Knnb bhkjkmk g mgusgs lùntepnks y trgtgrklbs jk mbfmrktgr gn`ufgs. ]upbf`glbs ufg cçhremg mbf ufg sbng prkfsg, quk g su vkz pukjkf utenezgrng pbr turfbs nbs mugtrb bcemegnks quk trghgigf kf knng. ]e sk trghgigf mbf pgstefgs jk uf u f sbnb mbnbr, pbr kiklpnb kf kn mgsb jk cghremgr lbsgembs pgrg vkrkjgs, ktm. ” uf hukf bcemegn pukjk dgmkr dgstg 8?? lbsgembs pbr jìg y nbs mugtrb 4??, quk rkprkskftgf uf vbnulkf jegreb jk = = ?,53? l y quk kf 0 j sk knkvg g 3,0 l . _br nb `kfkrgn, ngs penktgs pgrg kn murgjb fb tekfkf fe ng tkrmkrg pgrtk jk jemdg mgpgmejgj1 mgpgmejgj1 ufg lkjejg hgstgftk hgstgftk mblùf ks ng jk 8,;? 8,;? l jk ngr`b pbr 7,8? jk gfmdb y ?,3? l jk gnturg, nb mugn mugn ks uf vbnulkf vbnulkf utenezghnk lkfbr = jk 4,4 l . Kf kn lkibr jk nbs mgsbs, nbs n bs lbsgembs quk sk jkpbsetgf kf ng penktg sk sgmgf g ngs 8: d, pbrquk nbs mugtrb bcemegnks kf jbs jìgs nnkfgf ng penktg p enktg pbr mblpnktb1 y jkmelbs jkmelbs kf kn lkibr jk nbs nbs mgsbs pbrquk nb dghetugn ks rktergr rktergr jk ng penktg pbr ng tgrjk nbs lbsgembs quk sk sulkr`ekrbf pbr ng lg÷gfg. Hgib tbjb puftb jk vestg, kstk murgjb ks sucemekftk y nbs cghremgftks pekrjkf ufg rksestkfmeg, rksestkfmeg, quk pbjrìg bhtkfkr bhtkfkr g luy hgib mbstb, mbstb, mbf sýnb prbnbf`gr ng eflkrseýf eflkrseýf jk nbs lbsgembs lbsgembs kf g`ug. Kn kstgmebfglekftb jk nbs lbsgembs gftks jk sulkr`ernbs kf ng penktg tglheåf gjbnkmk gjbnkmk pbr nb `kfkrgn jk jkckmtubsb, pbrquk pbrquk qukjgf nbs lbsgembs (kf nu`gr jk kstgr g muhekrtb jkn vekftb y jkn sbn y kf nu`gr sgturgjb jk dulkjgj) g ng eftklpkrek b mbf uf rks`ugrjb prkmgreb hgib ufgs mdgpgs jk zefm quk errgjegf `rgf mgnbr kf vkrgfb, prbvbmgfjb ufg jkskmgmeýf jkn lbsgemb rçpejb.
_bjklbs gcerlgr quk kn 5?% jk nbs mgsbs jk ng gpgremeýf jk `rektgs, cesurgs rgjegjgs, cenecbrlks, kf nbs hbrjks jk nbs lbsgembs bhkjkmkf g uf kstgmebfglekftb kf glhekftk skmb y kxpukstb nbs lbsgembs gn vekftb, sef ng jkhejg prbtkmmeýf. Kf ng lgybr pgrtk jk nbs mgsbs quk q uk fbs dgf sejb mbfsuntgjbs gmkrmg jk ng gpgremeýf jk `rektgs, dklbs mbfsk`uejb su knelefgmeýf gmbfskigfjb lgs hgig tklpkrgturg kf vkrgfb pgrg kn kstgmebfglekftb kstgmebfglekftb jk nbs nbs lbsgembs. _br kiklpnb9 mbnbmgfjb ufg mgpg jk pgig sbhrk kn tkmdb jk zefm y jespbfekfjb crkftk g ng kstgftkrìg b muhrekfjb ngs pengs ufg hbnsg jk grpennkrg, crkmukftklkftk dulkjkmejgs. Ngs penktgs jk rkjumejg mgpgmejgj prkskftgf btrbs efmbfvkfekftks1 rkquekrkf ufg rkfbvgmeýf mbfsejkrghnk jkn g`ug y gn fb kckmtugrng mbf ng crkmukfmeg jkhejg, kn g`ug sk mgr`g jk sgnks gnmgnefgs gn mgnefgs quk nnk`gf g gtgmgr gn`ufgs vkmks nbs mbnbrks jk nbs lbsgembs. Nbs lbsgembs jkhkrìgf crg`ugr kf glhekftk dùlkjb y tklpkrgturg lbjkrgjg, pgrg nuk`b kstgr sulkr`ejbs sektk jìgs kf kn g`ug b hekf mugtrb jìgs sulkr`ejbs y kn rkstb dgstg sektk jìgs hgib ufg nnuveg quk nbs lgftuveksk dùlkjbs1 tbjb nb quk sk gpgrtk jk tgn prbmkjelekftb skrç kf pkriuemeb jk ng pbsehnk rksestkfmeg quk quk sk pbjrìg gnmgfzgr. Klpnkgfjb mklkftbs pbrtngfj fbrlgnks, kn kstgmebfglekftb jk nbs lbsgembs gftks jk skr mbnbmgjbs jkhkrìgf prbnbf`grsk dgstg 84 j, pgrg tkfkr ng sk`urejgj jk jespbfkr jk nbs lbsgembs, cerlks, rksestkftks y kstghnks, g muhekrtb jk pbsehnks sbrprksgs.
