Qu`voz`ebr ef `du`
0
Qu`voz`ebr ef `du` Fn su`voz`ebr ef `du`, t`imo•j nn`i`eb efsa`naohoa`ebr b `mn`je`ebr ef `du`, fs uj `p`r`tb quf, pbr ifeobs ifa“joabs, qu₮ioabs y/b fnfatrƝjoabs tr`t` fn `du` p`r` rfeuaor fn abjtfjoeb ef s`nfs iojfr`nfs y sus ojarust`aobjfs fj tumfr₮`s y efpƝsotbs ef `du`. Fn `du` abj `ntb abjtfjoeb ef s`nfs ef a`naob b i`djfsob (`du` eur`) tofjef ` hbri`r ojarust`aobjfs iojfr`nfs fj n`s p`rfefs ef n`s tumfr₮`s. Fj `ndujbs a`sbs mnbquf`j a`so n` tbt`noe`e ef n` sfaaoƝj efn tumb. N`s s`nfs sf `egofrfj abj i“s hrfaufjao` ` n`s tumfr₮`s ef `du` a`nofjtf Qu`voz`ebr ef `du` qu₮ioab. `s₮ abib ` n`s supfrhoaofs ef n`s i“quoj`s quf tr`m`lfj b prbeuza`j `du` a`nofjtf. Vj flfipnb ef fstb sbj n`s a`hftfr`s y nbs a`nfjt`ebrfs ef `du`. Fn a`naob y i`djfsob `n `egfrorsf ` n`s rfsostfjao`s a`nfjt`ebrfs hbri` uj` a`p` quf fvot` fn abjt`atb efn `du` abj n`s rfsostfjao`s, a`us`jeb uj sbmrfa`nfjt`iofjtb y n` ruptur` ef n` rfsostfjao`. N`s `du`s eur`s, au`jeb fjtr`j fj abjt`atb abj fn l`mƝj, rfeuafj su a`p`aoe`e ef arf`r fspui`, bmnod`jeb ` `uifjt`r fn tofipb ef usb. Nbs eftfrdfjtfs t`imo•j sbj `hfat`ebs, hbrz`jeb ` fipnf`r i`ybr abjafjtr`aoƝj efn prbeuatb p`r` auipnor abj su iosoƝj ef n`v`eb. N` abrrbsoƝj d`nv“joa` fipfbr` fj prfsfjao` ef nbs objfs ef fstbs ift`nfs. N`s p`rfefs ef uj a`nfjt`ebr sf abrrbfj abj i`ybr vfnbaoe`e bmnod`jeb ` a`imo`r abj i`ybr hrfaufjao` nbs “jbebs ef s`arohoaob. N` eurfz` efn `du` (nbs objfs ef a`n quf g`y fj fn `du`) sf pufe` ifeor fj Dr`ebs Hr`jafsfs, ‚Gh, `s₮ pufs, sf fjtofjef quf sf tr`t` ef `du` mn`je` au`jeb g`mn`ibs ef ;…Gh ` 0=…Gh, ` p`rtor ef nbs 07… Gh sf fjtofjef quf fn `du` fs eur` (abj iuag` a`n).
Uopbs ef efsa`naohoa`ebrfs A`t`n₮toabs
Ojaust`aobjfs iojfr`nfs fj tumfr₮` ef [XA.
Nbs fquopbs a`t`n₮toabs sbj ef `jtodu` e`t`. N`s i`ra`s Qa`nftrbj, Gbusftrbj y Abnnboe-`-Urbj sf g`j eohujeoeb r“poe`ifjtf pbr @i•roa`,Saot` rfqufroe`Y soduofjeb nbs p`sbs ef Furbp` y @so`, projaop`nifjtf pbr sfr ef iuy h“aon ojst`n`aoƝj, 0;;% fabnƝdoabs y soj i`jutfjaoƝj pbstfrobr. Fn sfarftb ef su fhfatb rfsoef fj n` `nf`aoƝj fspfao`n ef ift`nfs utonoz`e` fj nbs eospbsotovbs y fj n` turmunfjao` y nbs a`imobs ef prfsoƝj a`us`eb pbr fn eosf†b fspfao`n efn fquopb. Fstbs eospbsotovbs `at‡`j abib uj a`t`noz`ebr `prbvfag`jeb fn `uifjtb efn pG dfjfr`eb pbr n` `nf`aoƝj p`r` ojeuaor n` prfaopot`aoƝj efn a`rmbj`tb ef a`naob fj fn sfjb efn `du` fj hbri` ef arost`nfs fst`mnfs ef `r`dbj₮t` ef iuy pfquf†b t`i`†b {ifjbr ` ;.6 ˈi). Ef fst` hbri`, nbs "abnboefs" hbri`ebs jb tofjfj pbsomonoe`e ef efpbsot`rsf y hbri`r ojarust`aobjfs jo ef `dnutoj`rsf fjtrf fnnbs pbr nb quf sbj `rr`str`ebs pbr fn hnulb ef `du` p`s`jeb ojbhfjsov`ifjtf pbr fquopbs y a`†fr₮`s. @efi“s, tofjfj uj fhfatb sfauje`rob, `n efsojarust`r nbs efpƝsotbs ef s`rrb y` hbri`ebs.
Qu`voz`ebr ef `du`
=
Ifa•joabs
Nbs fquopbs ef bsibsos ojvfrs` hujaobj`j g`aofjeb p`s`r fn `du` ` tr`v•s ef uj` ifimr`j` sfiopfrif`mnf `n `pnoa`r `nt`s prfsobjfs. Fn `du` pur` `tr`vofs` n` ifimr`j` efl`jeb `tr“s tbe`s n`s p`rt₮aun`s iojfr`nfs f oipurfz`s. N` prfsoƝj fst“ eftfrioj`e` pbr n` an`sf ef ifimr`j` quf sf fst• utonoz`jeb. Fstbs fquopbs sbj eosf†`ebs p`r` purohoa`r fn `du` ef mfmfr. N` abjst`jtf noipofz` ef n`s ifimr`j`s y n` m`l` a`p`aoe`e ef prbeuaaoƝj ef `du` nbs g`af pbab pr“atoabs p`r` fn abjsuib tbt`n ef uj` vovofje`. @ujquf fxostfj vfrsobjfs ojeustro`n p`r` i`jflb ef dr`jefs a`ue`nfs. Pu₮ioabs
Fn `du` sf g`af aoraun`r pbr uj r`abr abj zfbnot` (uj abipufstb qu₮ioab ef s`nfs ef sbeob b pbt`sob). Nbs objfs ef a`naob y i`djfsob sbj rffipn`z`ebs pbr objfs ef sbeob. Fn sbeob b pbt`sob nomfr`eb jb sf `egofrf ` n`s p`rfefs ef n`s tumfr₮`s jo rf`aaobj` abj fn l`mƝj, sbnuaobj`jeb `imbs prbmnfi`s. Efspu•s ef uj tofipb fn sbeob fs rffipn`z`eb abipnft`ifjtf pbr a`naob b i`djfsob y efl` ef su`voz`r fn `du`. Fj fstf ibifjtb fs jfafs`rob rffipn`z`r fn a`rtuagb b n`s p`stonn`s ef zfbnot` pbr uj`s jufv`s. Fxostfj fquopbs quf pfriotfj g`afr uj` rfdfjfr`aoƝj qu₮ioa` ef n` zfbnot`. Fn“atroabs
Efsef g`af ujbs `†bs fxostfj fj fn ifra`eb ujbs `p`r`tbs fnfatrƝjoabs quf `sfdur`j tr`t`r fn `du` p`r` fvot`r n`s hbri`aobjfs ef a`naob fj n`s tumfr₮`s. Fn fhfatb sf dfjfr` arf`jeb uj hufrtf a`ipb i`dj•toab quf `tr`vofs` n` tumfr₮` pbr ebjef aoraun` fn `du` quf sf quofrf tr`t`r. Nbs oipunsbs ef fstf a`ipb i`dj•toab `hfat`j nbs arost`nfs ef a`naob ibeohoa`jeb su fstruatur` ibnfaun`r p`r` quf sf i`jtfjd`j fj suspfjsoƝj y jb sf holfj ` n`s p`rfefs ef n`s tumfr₮`s. Fn fhfatb efn `du` tr`t`e` pufef prbnbjd`rsf pbr ujbs 4 e₮`s.
Efsa`naohoa`ebr ef usb ebi•stoab ojst`n`eb fj tumfr₮` ef abmrf.
[`r` quf fstbs `p`r`tbs hujaobjfj `efau`e`ifjtf efmfj sfr `lust`ebs efpfjeofjeb efn eo“iftrb ef n` tumfr₮`, vfnbaoe`e, abipbsoaoƝj qu₮ioa` y tfipfr`tur` efn `du`. Fj ojst`n`aobjfs abifrao`nfs f ojeustro`nfs fstbs p`r“iftrbs sbj iftoaunbs`ifjtf ifeoebs y abjtrbn`ebs, abs` quf jb sf pufef g`afr fj uj` vovofje`. [`r` quf hujaobjfj `efau`e`ifjtf fj uj` vovofje` nbs su`voz`ebrfs fnfatrƝjoabs a`imo`j n` `ipnotue, hbri` y hrfaufjao` efn a`ipb i`dj•toab ef i`jfr` `nf`tbro` musa`jeb aumror tbe`s n`s pbsomnfs v`ro`mnfs. Abib rfsunt`eb jb hujaobj`j fj fn 06% ef nbs a`sbs. N` T`tfr Pu`noty @sbao`tobj (TP@ S0Y) abjanuyƝ fj =;;0 quf sf efmfj arf`r jbri`s p`r` fn eosf†b ef fstf topb ef `p`r`tbs. Qbn`votf
Fn i•tbeb Qbn`votf huf efsaumofrtb fj uj projaopob pbr fn aofjt₮hoab @jer• ※ionf M`rmofr y nufdb huf fn Er. Nuoz Ifjfzfs, ef brodfj mr`sonf†b, quo•j ojvfjtƝ eovfrs`s `pnoa`aobjfs ef •stf i•tbeb p`r` eovfrsbs hnuoebs y uj` d`ii` onoiot`e` ef hnulbs. N` ojvfstod`aoƝj ef •stf projaopob eurƝ i“s ef 6; `†bs g`st` quf fj 0?7?, fn Er. Ag`oi _bsfh L. H. I`ro`tfduo-Nfvo, [gE. huf quo•j prfsfjtƝ fn fstueob, e“jebnb ` abjbafr ` n` abiujoe`e aofjt₮hoa`. ※stf i•tbeb abjst` ef uj` a`ra`s` ef `nuiojob quf tofjf uj j‡ifrb ef afne`s ef abmrf gfri•toa`ifjtf afrr`e`s, n`s au`nfs abjtofjfj fj su
Efsa`naohoa`ebr ef p`r` tumfr₮`s ef =;ai ef eo`iftrb.
Qu`voz`ebr ef `du` ojtfrobr uj hƝriun` ` m`sf ef `afotfs vfdft`nfs y a`rmƝj ef trodb. ※st`s afne`s sbj n`s quf dfjfr`j uj a`ipb eo`i`dj•toab quf m`s`eb fj n`s nfyfs ef H`r`e`y g`af quf n`s ibn•aun`s quf p`sfj pbr `g₮ sf vufnv`j eo`i`dj•toa`s y ef •st` i`jfr` ojgomofjeb su ojarust`aoƝj. Fstf fhfatb sf i`jtofjf ` nb n`rdb ef n` tumfr₮` sofiprf y au`jeb fn `du` jb fjtrf fj abjt`atb vobnfjtb abj fn `orf, fs efaor uj` a`₮e` ef i“s ef 0 i. ef `du`. ※stf i•tbeb sf nf efjbioj` a`t`noz`ebr h₮soab y` quf a`t`noz` (`afnfr`) n` eospfrsoƝj ef nbs sƝnoebs fj fn `du` fvot`jeb `s₮ n` ojarust`aoƝj y rfibvofjeb n` `atu`n. Qf i`jtofjf abjtrbvfrso` sbmrf fstf i•tbeb y` quf nbs efrov`ebs vfdft`nfs jb prfsfjt`j prbpofe`efs i`djftoa`s y n` i`ybr₮` ef nbs abipbjfjtfs eosufntbs fj `du` jb pufefj tfjfr fhfatbs eo`di`dj•toabs.
]fhfrfjao`s S0Y wq`.brd wq`.brd (gttp< (gttp / / www.wq`. www.wq`.brd) brd)
ū Ojh Ojhbrif ef efn Efp`rtifjt bh Agfioa`n Fjdojffrojd / www.w`tfroip.ab. www.w`tfroip.ab. Fjdojffrojd ef n` Vjovfrsoe`e ef M`tg (]V) (gttp uc/ rfpbrt.gtin) rfpbrt.gtin) ū Ojhbrif ef nbs su`voz`ebr su`voz`ebrfs fs qu₮ioabs qu₮ioabs ef n` TP@ (gttp (gttp / www.wq`. www.wq`.brd/ brd/ peh/ peh/ Dbv]fn`tobjs/ Dbv]fn`tobjs/ TP@I`djftoasU`scHbraf]fpbrt.peh) TP@I`djftoasU`scHbraf]fpbrt. peh)
Fjn`afs fxtfrjbs ū ū ū ū ū
Ufajbnbd₮` Ufajbnbd₮` noipo` Efsojarust Efsojarust`jtf, `jtf, Qbn`votf Qbn`votf (gttp (gttp / sbn`votf.ix/ sbn`votf.ix/ ) Efsa`naohoa Efsa`naohoa`ebr `ebr Fnfatrb Fnfatrb I`djftoa I`djftoabb @qu`sbjoa @qu`sbjoa Xoefb Xoefb ojeustro`n ojeustro`n (gttp (gttp / www.voifb.abi/ www.voifb.abi/ 0=184847) 0=184847) Efsa`n Efsa`naoh aohoa` oa`ebr ebr Faba`n Faba`n (gttp< (gttp / / www.efsa`naohoa`ebrojgomoebrfaba`n. www.efsa`naohoa`ebrojgomoebrfaba`n.abi/ abi/ ) Efsa`naohoa Efsa`naohoa`ebr `ebr Fnfatrb Fnfatrb I`djft I`djftoab oab @qu`sbjoa @qu`sbjoa (gttp / www.`qu`sbjoa.fs/ www.`qu`sbjoa.fs/ ) Efsa`naohoa Efsa`naohoa`ebrf `ebrfss Qa`nftrbj, Qa`nftrbj, Gbusftrbj, Gbusftrbj, y Abnnboe Abnnboe ` Urbj Urbj (gttp (gttp / www.brmfagonf. www.brmfagonf.an) an)
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Hufjtfs y abjtromuyfjtfs efn `rt₮aunb
Hufjtfs y abjtromuyfjtfs efn `rt₮aunb Qu`voz`ebr ef `du` Hufjtf< gttp/fs.wocopfeo`.brd/w/ojefx.pgp2bneoe94;68177? gttp/fs.wocopfeo`.brd/w/ojefx.pgp2bneoe94;68177? Abjtromuyfjtfs< Abm`nttfipfst, Fspfao`nfs, Doj•s?;, L`vofragoan`j`, Lbsfaya, Lbsfhus=;;1, Lbsfn`rruaf`,
Ibrhbstb, [bab ` pbab, U`ibrn`j, 10 feoaobjfs `jƝjoi`s
Hufjtfs ef oi`dfj, Noafjao`s y abjtromuyfjtfs Oi`dfj
Lbsfhus=;;1 Oi`dfj
Lbsfhus=;;1
Noafjao` Arf`tovf Abiibjs @ttromutobj-Qg`rf @nocf 1.; //arf`tovfabiibjs.brd/noafjsfs/my-s`/1.;/ //arf`tovfabiibjs.brd/noafjsfs/my-s`/1.;/
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