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CALCULATIONS BY PROGRAM RESULTS
Considser height as developed using 80 inches (2 meter) w ide plate (Maximum height 100 ft considered)
Hide the calculations for the courses that are not included in Silo, manually. For example, if 2 courses a hide the calculations & results for course 3,4,5,6 and so on.
This Workbook is applicable upto 15 courses maximum
Don’t Forget to Edit Project title in Header & DDFC Doc. No. in the footer of every worksheet.
re used,
SILO DESIGN INPUTS
Liquid Level Material A36 Sd= 23200
Psi
70 0.125
D(in) =
200 600
0.85
50 hc
0.125
650
Project Title:
SILO SHELL DESIGN
INPUTS: Material (Shell)
A36
Height of one course
Hc
=
78.0
in
Density of Material
r
=
0.284
Product Design Stress
Sd
=
23,200
lbs / in Psi
Minimum yeild Strength Inside dia of tank Total Static Head (Design Liquid Level)
Fy
= = =
36,250 200.00 600.0
psi in in
650.0 1.150 0.125 0.85
in
G CA E
= = = =
Di HS Hd
Height of Shell Specific Gravity Corrosion allowance Joint Efficiency
=
17
ft
in
Actual Width of 1st
Shell Course
H1
=
78
in
Actual Width of 2nd
Shell Course
H2
=
78
in
Actual Width of 3rd
Shell Course
H3
=
78
in
Actual Width of 4th
Shell Course
H4
=
78
in
Actual Width of 5th
Shell Course
H5
=
78
in
Actual Width of 6th
Shell Course
H6
=
78
in
Actual Width of 7th
Shell Course
H7
=
78
in
Actual Width of 8th
Shell Course
H8
=
78
in
Actual Width of 9th
Shell Course
H9
=
26
in
Actual Width of 10th
Shell Course
H10
=
0
in
Actual Width of 11th
Shell Course
H11
=
0
in
Actual Width of 12th
Shell Course
H12
=
0
in
Actual Width of 13th
Shell Course
H13
=
0
in
Actual Width of 14th
Shell Course
H14
=
0
in
Shell Course
H15
=
0
in
Dia. Of Tank Used specific gravity of fluid
D G
= =
200 70.000
in
Height of one course
Hc
=
78.0
in
No. of courses
n
= = =
HS/Hc
Actual Width of 15th
3
CALCULATIONS:
Used courses
8.3 9
DDFC Doc. No.:
Project Title:
Course 1: Height of Liquid for 1st. Course (Full of Water)
H1
=
54.2
Design Shell Thickness
td
= =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.273 in
Ref: API 650, 3.6.3
for D = 200 in,
t
=
0.313
in
Ref:API 650,A.3
Minimum Thickness Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness So, used shell course thickness for first shell course
t
= = = = =
0.313 0.010 0.323 0.32 9.00
in in in in mm
Minimum Required Thickness ,
t1
ft
=
650
in
UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 2: Height of Liquid for 2nd. course
H2
=
47.667
Design Shell Thickness for 2nd. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.255 in 0.010 in 0.265 in 0.27 in 7.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 2nd course
t2
ft
=
572
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Increase thickness of Course 2 Course 3: Height of Liquid for 3rd. course
H3
=
41.167
Design Shell Thickness for 3rd. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.237 in 0.010 in 0.247 in 0.50 in 13.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 3rd course
t3
ft
=
494
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 4: Height of Liquid for 4th. course
H4
=
34.667
Design Shell Thickness for 4th. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.219 in 0.010 in 0.229 in 0.48 in 13.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 4th course
t4
ft
=
416
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 5: Height of Liquid for 5th. Course
H5
=
34.667
Design Shell Thickness for 5th. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.219 in 0.010 in 0.229 in 0.45 in 12.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 5th course
t5
ft
=
416
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 6: Height of Liquid for 6th. Course
H6
=
28.167
Design Shell Thickness for 6th. Course
td
= = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.201 in 0.010 in 0.211 in
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness
ft
=
338
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
DDFC Doc. No.:
Project Title:
Used shell course thickness for 6th course
t6
= =
0.43 11.00
in mm
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
DDFC Doc. No.:
Project Title:
Course 7: Height of Liquid for 7th. Course
H7
=
21.667
Design Shell Thickness for 7th. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.183 in 0.010 in 0.193 in 0.400 in 11.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 7th course
t7
ft
=
260
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 8: Height of Liquid for 8th. Course
H8
=
15.167
Design Shell Thickness for 8th. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.165 in 0.010 in 0.174 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 8th course
t8
ft
=
182
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 9: Height of Liquid for 9th. Course
H9
=
8.667
Design Shell Thickness for 9th. Course
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.146 in 0.009 in 0.155 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 9th course
t9
ft
=
104
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 10: Height of Liquid for 10th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 10th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 10th course
H10
=
2.167
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.128 in 0.008 in 0.136 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
t10
ft
=
26
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 11: Height of Liquid for 11th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 11th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 11th course
H11
=
-4.333
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.110 in 0.007 in 0.117 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
t11
ft
=
-52
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 12: Height of Liquid for 12th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 12th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 12th course
H11
=
-6.500
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.104 in 0.006 in 0.110 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
t11
ft
=
-78
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
DDFC Doc. No.:
Project Title:
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 13: Height of Liquid for 13th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 13th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 13th course
H13
=
-6.500
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.104 in 0.006 in 0.110 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
t13
ft
=
-78
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 14: Height of Liquid for 14th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 14th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 14th course
H14
=
-6.500
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.104 in 0.006 in 0.110 in 0.375 in 10.00 mm
t14
ft
=
-78
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
Course 15: Height of Liquid for 15th. Course Design Shell Thickness for 15th. Course Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended Thickness Used shell course thickness for 14th course
H15
=
-6.500
td
= = = = = =
[ 2.6 x D x (H - 1) x G / (21000 E) ] + CA 0.104 in 0.006 in 0.110 in 0.38 in 10.00 mm
t15
ft
=
-78
in
Ref:API 650,A.3 UG-16, ASME VIII, Div.1
Shell thickness used is satisfactory
SUMMARY OF SHELL COURSES
Weight of
New π x Di x H x t x r
Corroded π x Di x H x (t - CA) x r
st
Shell Course
t1 =
9.000
mm
4,925
3,187
nd
Shell Course
t2 =
7.000
mm
3,830
2,093
rd
Shell Course
t3 =
13.000
mm
7,114
5,376
th
Shell Course
t4 =
13.000
mm
7,114
5,376
th
Shell Course
t5 =
12.000
mm
6,566
4,829
th
Shell Course
t6 =
11.000
mm
6,019
4,282
th
Shell Course
t7 =
11.000
mm
6,019
4,282
th
Shell Course
t8 =
10.000
mm
5,472
3,735
th
1
Weight of
2
Weight of
3
Weight of
4
Weight of
5
Weight of
6
Weight of
7
Weight of
8
lbs
Shell Course
t9 =
10.000
mm
1,824
1,245
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
th
Shell Course
t1 =
0.000
mm
0
0
Weight of the Shell
WS
48,883
34,405
lbs
Approx. Weight of Attachments (includes weight of nozzles, etc)
WSA
100
100
lbs
Total Weight of Shell
WST
48,983
34,505
lbs
Weight of
9
Weight of
10
Weight of
11
Weight of
12
Weight of
13
Weight of Weight of
14 15
DDFC Doc. No.:
CONICAL BOTTOM DESIGN
Input: Cone Material Design Stress Cone Angle Radius of Silo Design Height of Silo above Cone Intervals to find stresses induced Density of Content Joint Efficiency Corrosion Allowance Height of Cone
= = = = =
A36 20000 50 8.33 50.00
w E CA h
= = = = =
1 70.00 0.85 0.125 9.93
Longitudnal Forces
T1
= ( w / 2 sinα) (R - h c/tanα) (H + 2h c/3 + Rtanα/3)
Circumferential Forces
T2
= (whi/sinα) ( R - h c/tanα)
Sd α R H hc
Psi deg. ft ft ft lb / cu. Ft in ft
Calculations:
Longitudnal & Circumferential forces after specified intervals hc
T1
T2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
20297.6 18482.1 16615.4 14697.7 12728.8 10708.8 8637.6 6515.4 4342.0 2117.6
38074.4 34925.4 31623.1 28167.4 24558.4 20796.0 16880.3 12811.2 8588.8 4213.0
Max. of T1 or T2, Minimum Required Thickness,
= tc
= Max (T1 or T2) / (12SE sinα)
tc
= =
0.369 in 0.391 in
tc
=
0.4 in
Wc
= (π R ( R + √h + R )) tc ρ = 9108 lbs
Minimum thickness including Mill Tolerance Minimum Thickness required
38074.4 lb
Thickness used is satisfatory Weight Summary: Weight of cone,
2
2
SILO ROOF DESIGN
INPUTS: Material (Shell) Height of one course
Hc =
80.0
Density of Material Material Design Stress Inside dia of tank Total Static Head (Design Liquid Level)
r = Sd = Di = HS =
0.2836 23200 200 600
Height of Shell Specific Gravity Corrosion allowance Joint Efficiency
Hd = G = CA = E =
606 1.15 0.125 0.85
in
Calculatons Minimum Thickness of roof without C.A Minimum Thickness including CA Mill Tolerance Minimum Recommended thickness Thickness used
tmin = t = = = tr =
0.1875 0.3125 0.01 0.3225 0.325
in in in in in
Structure Design: Dia of Shell Channel Used
D
200 C 6 x 14
in
No. of Channels in x-direction No. of Channels in y-direction
Nx = Ny =
A36
= =
8 4
in 3
lbs / in Psi in in
in
=
16.7 ft
Total Length of Channel in x-direction Total Length of Channel in y-direction Total Length of Channel Used
Lx = Ly = L =
1359 675 2034
in in in
Weight Summary: Weight of Roof Plate
Wr = =
p
2
/4xD xtxr 11582
lbs
Weight of Channel
Wc =
2373
lbs
Total Weight of Roof Including Structure
W =
13955
lbs
COMPRESSION RING REGION Silo Design
Inpts Design Height of Silo, Radius of Silo Density of contents in Silo, Corrosion Allowance Joint Efficiency Cone Angle,
H R w CA E α
= = = = = =
50.00 8.33 70 0.125 0.85 50
ft ft lb/ft3 in
Q Q
= (R w/ 2tanα) (H + Rtanα/3) = 108725.5 lbs
R2
= R / sinα = 10.88
Participating width of conical section,
Wh
= 0.6 √R2 (tc- CA) = 0.91 in
Participating width of cylinderical section,
Wc
= 0.6 R (t- CA) = 5.16 in
Area Required,
Ar
= Q/S
deg.
Calculations: Ring of compression at junction, Total Circumferential Force,
2
= Area Available,
Aa
2 4.69 in
= W ct + W htc =
2.03 in
2
Actual Area required ( 3-times Ar )
=
14.06 in
C15 x 50 2 14.70 in
16.73 in
( to cater for walkway & other Attachments)
Insufficient area, more required
Sectional Area used Area of region added Weight
Wu
= = =
Total Area Available
Aa
=
Wa
= π D Wu
Wa
=
50 lb / ft
Sufficient Area Added Weight Summary Weight of Angle attached
2617.99 lbs
Silo Accessories requirements Attachments Required: Handrail
Platform, Quantity
Stair Case Angle of Rise, Φ
43 deg
6 Nos.
Handrail:
Weight of Hand Rail per feet
wh
=
Length of Hand Rail
Lh
=
Weight of Hand Rail
Wh =
628.3
in
Wh =
1257
lbs
24
lbs / ft
πD
Stair Case:
Weight of Stair Case per feet
ws
=
Length of Stair Case
Ls
=
Ht / sinΦ
Ls
= =
6.25 9.164
ft ft
Ls
=
522.4
lbs
Weight of each Platform
wp
=
270
lbs
No. of Platforms Required
Np
=
6
Weight of Platforms
Wp =
1620
lbs
W
3399
lbs
Where, Ht is Total Height of SILO from Bottom Weight of Stair Case,
57
lbs / ft
Platform
Weight Summary: Weight of external attachments, Hand Rail, Stair Case, Platform,
=
SILO LEG SUPPORT DESIGN
Inputs: Dia of Silo, Modulus of elasticity of leg Height of Shell Height of Conical Bottom Density of content Length of Legs Effective Length factor Section used as leg Water Content per bag in foundation concrete
D E Hs H G l K
= = = = = = = = =
200 29000 650 119.18 1.15 160 0.5 W12 x 336 5.00
= = = = = =
336 1190 98.8 3.47 13.25 16.82
in ksi in in kg / ltr in Fixed by ends (For RCC compressive strength calculations)
Calculations: A. Column Design Section Properties: Weight of leg per foot (of column length) Moment of inertia Cross Sectional Area Radius of Gyration Width of flange Depth of beam ( W-section only)
I A r b d
lbs / ft 4 in 2 in in in in
Thickness of Flange
tf
=
2.955 in
Thickness of Web
tw
=
1.775 in
Load Calculations (on Legs): Volume of Shell
Vs
= πR Hs
2
= Weight of contents in Shell
Volume of Conical Bottom
W cs
Vc
3
20420352.25 in
= Vs G =
848455 lbs
= πR h / 3 3
1248001 in
= Weight of Contents in conical Bottom
W cc
= Vc G =
51854 lbs
Weight of Shell Steel
Ws
=
48,983 lbs
Weight of Conical Bottom Steel
Wc
=
9108 lbs
Weight of Roof Steel
W r
=
13955 lbs
Weight of Compression Ring Steel
W cr
=
2,618 lbs
Weight of Accessories (Steel)
W A
=
3,399 lbs
Self Weight of one leg Total Load on Legs No. of Legs Total Load on one Leg (Steel+Contents)
WL w N Wi
= = = =
4480 lbs 978,373 lbs 18 58,834
Used Load on one Leg (1.5 W i)
W
=
88,251 lbs
I. Leg Deflection (during buckling): Max. Deflection (Per AISC)
∆
= 5 W l / 384 E I = 0.136 in
Allowed Deflection per AISC (1/360)
3
=
Recommended in water / operationg whichever is higher At column centre
0.44 in
As above consition is satisfied, deflection is within elastic range II. Buckling / Compressive Stress: Induced Stress
σi
= W/A =
Ratio:
Kl / r =
Allowable Stress
σa
Stress induced is less than Allowable
=
893 psi 24 20350 psi
From AISC Table: C36
B. Design of Base Plate ( Only for W-Section Beams): (For others smaller size silos, assume to suit) Base Plate sketch
Mnimum Area of Base Plate: Ultimate compressive strength
f'c
=
Minimum Area required
A1
= W / 0.7f'c
3.75 ksi
2
33.62 in
=
Dimensions "B" & "N": ∆
= (0.95d - 0.8b) / 2 = 2.69 in
N
= √ A1 =
B
Bearing Pressure: Bearing Pressure
f p
+∆ 8 in
= A1 / N =
= W / A1 =
4 in
2625 psi
Factors "m", "n" & "x": m
= (N-0.95d) / 2 = -3.7 in
n
= (B-0.8b) / 2 = -3.3 in
α
= (b-tw) / 2(d-2tf )
=
0.5 in 3
x
= (b-tw)/2 (√ 1 / (1+3.2α )) = 9.7 in
Fy
=
t
= max(m,n,x) √ f p / 0.25Fy = 5.2 in = 133 mm
Column Weight of one Leg No. of Legs Weight of all Legs
W1 N W
= = =
Base Plate Thickness Length Width
t B N
= = =
Weight of one Base Plate No. of Base Plates Weight of all Base Plates
Wb N Wb
= = =
10 lbs 18 185 lbs
=
80825 lbs
Thickness of Base Plate: Minimum Yield Stress of Base Plate Material
36,250 psi
C. Weight Summary:
Total Weight of Support legs and base plates W+Wb
4480 lbs 18 80640 lbs
5 in 4 in 8 in
Ref. Shell Design sheet
DESIGN RESULTS Silo No.: Dia Service (S.G.) A)
16.67 ft 1.15
Height Plate Width (Assumed)
Cylinderical Shell: Material of Shell Course # 1
A36 Width (in) 78
Thickness (mm) 9
Total Weight of Shell
B) Conical Bottom: Material of Conical Botom Thickness of Conical Bottom Weight of Conical Bottom
Ws =
= tc = Wc =
C) Compression Ring: Section Used to stiffen compression region Weight of Section D)
E)
F)
54.17 ft 2.0 m
= =
48983 lbs
A36 11 mm 9108 lbs
C15 x 50 2618 lbs
Roof Thickness of Roof Plate W eight of Roof Plate including C 6 x 14 structure
Tr = Wr =
9 mm 13955 lbs
External Attachments Weight of Hand Rail, Stair Case, Platform,
We =
3399 lbs
Support Legs: Section Used as Column Length of Base Plate Width of Base Plate Thickness of Base Plate
B N tb
= = = =
Weight of Legs
Wl
=
80825 lbs
G) Weight Summary: I) Weight (A→F) II) Miscellaneous Weight added (Optional)
W = WM =
158889 lbs 2000 lbs
III) Total Weight (I + II)
WT =
160889 lbs
WT =
W12 x 336 101 mm 216 mm 133 mm
73.13 Tons
HAND RAIL ROOF
D
Sample Silo
SHELL
STRUT