Rrl of Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Today a cell phone isn't just a rich man's fashion accessory in Philippines. It's transforming transforming the way millions of people do business in a country where even land lines were a luxury barely a decade ago. According to Oxford nglish !ic"onary the word cellphone or #mobile# was in associa"on with the $a"n phrase #mobile vulgus # excitable crowd.%ellphone crowd.%ellphone technology new senses of speed and connec"vity to social life.

&mith ()**+ presented that ,- of smart phone owners access the internet or email on their hand held/ including two thirds 0,+ who do so on a typical day. Also/ (1 of smart phone owners say that they mostly go online using their phone/ rather than say that they mostly go online using their phone/rather than with a P% . This support our assump"on that smart phones replaced P%'s as a mean of access to the internet.

&ame study by $anigan/et al. ())2+/ in her research presented presented that from a sample of 2- internet user the majority of par"cipants ,2+ perceived that the P% impact and () a mostly nega"ve impact.

Another research suggests that many college students perceive the cell phone  primarily as a leisure device, and most commonly use cell phones for social networking, surfing the Internet, watching videos, and playing games (Lepp 2015! "hus, #onstant usage and addiction to cell phones has affected the people  physically,  physically, psychologically, psychologically, and socially! socially! $%cessive mo&ile phone use has &een found to &e associated with health pro&lems! An estimation around '!5 &illion of people using cellphone worldwide oswami et al! (201)! Inappropriate use of mo&ile phone &y students presents many deleterious effects, for e%ample, usage of phones during lectures causes distur&ances in

classrooms affecting students* academic performances, increased freedom from  parents along with decreased social freedom +aron et al, (201)! Benefts o Smart Phone Usage

Alfawareh and 3usoh ()*4+/&mart phones usage includes ma5ing calls/chee5ing documents /ta5ing pictures /browsing Internet/downloading so6ware /listening to music /ta5ing video/ watching movies /use as an alarm cloc5 and use as a watch .According to 7niversity of 8ichigan's electrical engineering and computer science professor lliot &oloway/ #in a student's capable hands /especially with numerous features li5e a camera/a 9P&/and an accelerometer/ a smart phone might as well be a roc5et ship.

:esides/ O5sman ()*)+/ stressed that in addi"on to new media /the tradi"onal media such as newspaper radio and T; are also made available on the smart phone through the Internet the Internet.

In addi"on/ a study of a group of undergraduate students/published in the journal computers in
>urthermore/ ()*1 study by the $ondon &chool of conomics /conducted in four ci"es of  ngland/ found that test scores increased by more than 0 in schools which banned cell phones.

8oreover/ ()*0 ?esearchers !uin @ 9upta of 8acuarie university performed an experiment in ()*0 tes"ng the eBect of >aceboo5 distrac"ons in the classroom. The study found that students interested in the subject material and the way it was presented were less li5ely to be distracted by >aceboo5.
s"ll performed lower than students that were not allowed access to cell phones during the lecture.

Anda ()*- collec"ve study published by Applied %ogni"ve Psychology/ found that students retained less 5nowledge when allowed to use or have a cellphone on them during lectures. !uring the xperiment /students that were not allowed access to a cell phone tested beCer than the students that had access to cell phones.

Another wor5s by Dinchua ()*4+ >ilipinos are using their mobile phones not only to communicate but also as mobile computers as well/ According to a recent mar5et study issued.

$astly/ a TE& global customiFed research company /said in its report that >ilipino consumers are not just using cellphone and tex"ng messages and photos /but also as a means of internet GonGtheGgo allowing users to be always online of the H,/))) respondents in 8etro 8anila /-1 percent of the respondents surveyed used mobile phones to ta5e photos or videos/41 percent to browse the internet 44 to access their social net wor5ing sites and H-( to chec5 their emails.the study conducted from Eovember ()*( to 3anuary ()*H.#:ased on the =ndings of the study /the increase in various mobile ac"vi"es explain the growing trend of JiG>i accessibility in public areas /#said TE& Philippines 8anaging !irector 9ary de Ocampo.