ATOK, ATOK, Geli BORJA, Janine 11 – St. Julian of Norwich Research: Review of Relate !iterature There are "an# factors that affect inso"nia which is wh# it is not eas# to co"e u$ with the conclusion that a $erson has inso"nia if the case has not %een thorou&hl# stuie. 'nso"nia "a# %e co""on to a lot of iniviuals, however, e($erts still e%ate whether a certain $erson has ac)uire this slee$in& isorer le&iti"atel# or not. Accorin& to *in&er +--/, there are two t#$es of inso"nia: seconar# inso"nia, which is co"or%i with another isorer whether it %e chronic $ain conitions, $s#chiatric conitions or cario$ul"onar# conitions. 0ri"ar# inso"nia, on the other han, is inso"nia that is not co"or%i with an# other conition. !ie ever# other slee$ isorer, inso"nia is influence %# various circu"stances for it to arise.Accorin& to 0inel +---/, several cases of inso"nia are sai to %e iatro&enic or cause %# atte"$t atte"$te e "eica "eicall treat" treat"ent ent.. 0h#sic 0h#sician ianss o have have &oo intent intention ionss wheneve wheneverr the# $rescr $rescri%e i%e h#$notic ru&s for increasin& the a"ount of slee$ the iniviual &ets. 2owever, when the $atient starts to evelo$ tolerance to the ru& an consu"es "ore of it to increase its effectiveness, $arao(icall#, the iniviual e($eriences withrawal s#"$to"s, incluin& inso"nia. Another cause of inso"niain ter"s of initiatin& slee$ is the $ressure to slee$ "ore. Accorin& to 0inel +-11/, 34an# $eo$le nor"all# slee$ 5 hours or less a ni&ht an see" to o well slee$in& that a"ount, %ut the# are $ressure %# others to slee$ "ore. As a result the# s$en "ore ti"e in %e than the# shoul an have ifficult# &ettin& to slee$6 +$. 789/. The an(iet# that co"es with the $ressure of &ettin& "ore slee$ "aes it even "ore ifficult for the iniviual to &o to slee$. As "ent "entio ione ne earl earlie ierr, a caus causee of inso inso"n "nia ia in ter" ter"ss of "aint "aintai aini nin& n& slee slee$ $ "a# "a# %e influence %# another isorer. hun& +--9/ foun that so"e $eo$le who were ia&nose with slee$ slee$ a$nea a$nea s#nr s#nro"e o"e +OSA/ +OSA/ or havin& havin& shallo shallow w %reaths %reaths urin& slee$al slee$also so co"$la co"$laine ine of e($eriencin& inso"nia. 't still is %ein& stuie on what "a# %e the cause of inso"nia in OSA, %ut s$ecialists in slee$ isorers have h#$othesi;e that the ifficult# in slee$ "aintenance "aintenanc e was ue to %reathin& $ro%le"s. Ni&ht"are isorer, a slee$ isorer characteri;e %# % # fre)uentl# havin& hav in& ni&ht"ares, "a# "a # also initiate inso"nia. Breus +-1
nowle&e that an(iet# "aes it harer for the iniviual to &o %ac to the slee$in& state, which "aes inso"nia co"or%i with the ni&ht"are isorer. 'nso"nia also usuall# coe(ists with e$ression. 'nso"nia "a# %e a s#"$to" of e$ression, an e$ression "a# %e a s#"$to" of inso"nia. =hether or not an iniviual e($erience e$ression first, it was a&ree u$on that, 3the uration of inso"nia $ositivel# correlates with uration an fre)uenc# of e$ressive e$isoes6 +Gu$ta >!ahan, -11/. *Support points of psychosomatic insomnia
New research su&&ests that an iniviual can e($erience inso"nia an still &et an ae)uate a"ount of slee$. 0etersen +-19/ foun the followin&: 3'nso"nia is less a%out the a"ount of slee$ an "ore a%out what the %rain oes urin& slee$. 't is foun that in $eo$le with inso"nia, $arts of the %rain nown as the efault "oe networ are "ore active urin& slee$, co"$are with nor"al slee$ers. 'nso"nia is not the $ro%le" of too little slee$? it is the $ro%le" of too "uch %rain activation.6 To su$$ort this state"ent, !evitt +1@1/ foun an o%servation wherein as "easure %# the electroence$halo&ra", the inso"niacs in the conucte stu# were aslee$ %ut their restorative %enefits fro" slee$ were fewer, thus, the# "i&ht have even felt that the# were awae.
*Effects of insomnia, including when it is untreated *Conclusion
