CHAPTER I The Problem and Background of the Study Introduction
A mechanical fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. The rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an impeller, a rotor, or a runner. Usually, it is contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or increase safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are powered by electric motors, but other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors and internal combustion engines.
A solar panel (also solar module, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic panel) is a packaged, connected assembly of photovoltaic cells. The solar panel can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications. Each panel is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions, and typically ranges from 100 to 450 watts.
Due to global warming and climate change, the group decided to make a “Solar Fan.” In this project, the group will transform an old electric fan into a new one where there is no need of electricity in order to produce air but instead, they will attach a solar panel in it and there is no need of a power outlet or a battery for it to work.
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Significance of the Study
The researchers’ purpose is to produce a new gadget that is not only used inside the house but can also be brought outdoor. The group’s main concern is to help lessen the pollution and convert useless things into a new and more convenient product that will help our community. The materials that they will be using are all cheap and will surely not affect the environment. The group has come up with this kind of project due to the increasing problems on earth. The researchers will surely make a good product because it has a good purpose and contribution to the environment.
Statement of the Problem
The group came up with the following problems to be addressed in this Investigatory Project: 1. How many hours can we use the solar fan before it needs to be charged again? 2. Is it eco-friendly? 3. How is the appearance of the product? 4. How is the over-all appeal of the Solar Fan?
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Hypotheses
Based on some studies, the researchers have formulated these Hypotheses: 1. We can use the solar fan approximately 4-8 hours before it needs to be recharged. 2. It will be effective because there are a lot of inventions that have solar panels attached in it and our product will be made with effort and care. 3. The Solar Fan will be convenient because of its purpose and we know that it will be preferred by many because nowadays, electricity has high wages and people find ways to be pragmatic. Also, the Solar Fan is handy and you can bring it everywhere especially to places with no electricity.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focused on producing an eco friendly material that will be benefitted by all kinds of people. The Solar Fan will be used as a replacement to air conditioners when the people are using their cars. This is a good way because they can save gas and also energy. The product will be evaluated by twenty respondents of OLMS. The study will be conducted at Filinvest 2. The product was made more possible through the guidance of the researchers’ relatives who are expert in this field.
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Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
Input Old Electricfan Solar Panel Screwdriver
Process
Output
Installation
Solar Fan
Soldering Iron DVD Cases
Fig 1: Theoretical Framework
The materials used in making the product are Old Electric fan, Solar Panel, Screwdriver, Soldering Iron and Old DVD Case. In doing this project, the researchers are to install the solar panel into the electric fan using the said materials.
Process
Input
Evaluaion in terms of:
Production and Development of Solar Fan
* Eco Friendliness
* Time Lasted * Appearance
Output Conlusion and Recommendation
* Over All Appeal
Fig. 2: Conceptual Framework Diagram
The product will be evaluated by the chosen respondents in terms of time when to recharge again, eco- friendliness, appearance and over all appeal.
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Definition of Terms
1. Solar Panel - A group of connected solar cells. 2. Impeller - One that impels, as a rotating device used to force a fluid in a desired direction under pressure. 3. Pragmatic – practical 4. Photovoltaic System - The word “photovoltaic” combines two terms – “photo” means light and “voltaic” means voltage. A photovoltaic system in this discussion uses photovoltaic cells to directly convert sunlight into electricity. 5. Direct current (DC) - is the unidirectional flow of [electric charge]. 6. Hydraulic Motors - A device that converts the energy from liquid flow into mechanical motion. 7. Screwdriver - a tool used for turning screws, having an end that fits into the slot in the head of the screw. 8. Rotor – A rotating part of a mechanical device. 9. Vanes – A movable device attached to an elevated object (as a spire) for showing the direction of the wind.
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CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature and Studies
This chapter presents the different studies and literature gathered that are related to the researchers’ product.
Review of Related Literature
A punkah (Hindi pronunciation: pankha) is a type of fan used in the early 500 B.C.. In its original sense the punkah was a portable fan made from the leaf of the palmyra. In the colonial age, the word came to be used in a special sense by Anglo-Indians in British India for a large swinging fan, fixed to the ceiling, and pulled by a coolie, called the punkawallah, during the hot weather. The researchers could relate this to their study because their product is a fan; this study shows the origin of the first types of fan used before. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punkah August 2, 2012 8:56pm)
The first American fans were made from around the late 1890s to the early 1920s, when domestic electric fans were first sold in America. They hard brass blades, many of them also had electric fan that helps our environment to be free from pollution and it is portable. Like what we have stated, our product is eco- friendly and portable, too. (Encyclopedia 9:00pm)
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Dr. Schulyer Wheeler invented the electric fan in 1886. He figured out how to apply the fledgling science of electricity to make a fan turn. Drawing on the work of Thomas Edison and Nicola Tesla, Wheeler invented a desktop fan consisting of two blades-unshielded by any sort of protective cage-powered by an electric motor. The fan was marketed by the Crocker & Curtis Electric Motor Co. This study gives us the inventor of the first electric fan ever created. (http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_first_electric_fan August 2, 2012 9:04pm)
Review of Related Studies
The “Solar Fan,” a research paper, explains how and why the researchers have come up with a unique and an eco friendly device that can be used in our daily lives, whenever and wherever they want to. The researc hers’ main goal is to improve old appliances and transform it into new ones that will help our community during hot climates and weather. Aside from that, the study includes the procedures on how it is being done and also the materials that they are to use in making the product possible. With the facts presented from the books, internet and studies they have cited, those will help us learn more and explore things.
The electric fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. It uses electricity to operate and to help the device to function.
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Solar air conditioning refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that uses solar power.
This
can
be
done
through passive
solar, solar
thermal
energy conversion
and photovoltaic conversion (sunlight to electricity). The U.S. Energy Independence and ,
Security Act of 2007 created 2008 through 2012 funding for a new solar air conditioning research and development program, which should develop and demonstrate multiple new technology innovations and mass production economies of scale. Solar air conditioning will play an
increasing
role
in zero-energy and energy-plus
buildings design.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_air_conditioning August 14, 2012 7:59 pm)
The 2nd century Chinese inventor Ding Huan (fl. 180) of the Han Dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered. In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712 – 762) of the Tang Dynasty (618 – 907) had the Cool Hall (Liang Tian) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having waterpowered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains. During the subsequent Song Dynasty (960 – 1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning rotary
fan
as
even
more
widely
(http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090612221709AA0AfIV
used.
August 14, 2012
7:45 pm) The researchers used these informations to help them in doing their product successfully.
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CHAPTER III Methodology
This chapter contains all the materials used in making the product.
A. Materials/ Equipment
Here are the materials needed in doing the product. 1. Electric fan
A machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air.
Fig. 3: Electric Fan
This will be the main material in the project.
2. Solar Panel
It is a group of connected solar cells.
Fig. 4: Solar Panel
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This will be the main source of electricity.
3. Screwdriver
This is used for driving screws and bolts.
Fig. 5: Screwdriver
It is a tool for driving screws or bolts with special slots
4. Soldering Iron
It is a hand tool used in soldering.
Fig. 6: Soldering Iron
This is used to heat and melt the lead so that it can flow into the joint between two work pieces.
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5. DVD Case
It is the cover of DVDs or CDs.
Fig. 7: DVD Case
This will be converted into a box where the Solar Fan will be put.
B. Treatment/ General Procedures
The following are the steps followed in making the product: 1. Prepare all the materials needed. 2. Detach the blades of the electric fan using the Soldering Iron and the solar panel from its case. 3. Using the DVD Case, make a box that will serve as the housing of the Solar Fan. 4. Make sure to charge the Solar Panel so you can use the product.
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C. Data Gathering Procedures
The Solar Fan was tested by the researchers through the survey they conducted. The respondents were asked to rate the product from 1-5 according to the effectiveness and over all appeal of the product using the Survey Form. In rating the product, simply encircle the number, 1 will be the lowest and 5 being the highest. 1 or POOR, is the lowest ranking, this means that the product has a poor quality and is not effective. 2 or BELOW AVERAGE, is the second to the lowest ranking, this means that there are still things needed to be improved. 3 is AVERAGE meaning that the respondents are satisfied with the product. 4 or ABOVE AVERAGE is very good which means that the researchers have done it well but it has still some corrections. 5 or EXCELLENT, is the highest of all, this only proves that the respondents made a good job in making the product.
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CHAPTER IV Presentation, Analysis & Interpretation In this chapter, the group will be presenting the records, tables and graphs of the respondents who rated their product.
Table 1: Time Lasted
RATING
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE
5
7
35%
4
12
60%
3
1
5%
2
0
0%
1
0
0%
According to the table above, 7 students rated it as Excellent, 12 students rated it as Above Average while a student graded it as Average; this only means that the product can be used for a longer period of time.
Graph 1: Time Lasted
5 4 3 2 1
The graph above shows that 35% of the respondents rated 5 or Excellent. 60% of the respondents rated 4 or outstanding. 5% rated 3 or average.
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TABLE 2: Eco Friendliness
RATING
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE
5
16
80%
4
4
20%
3
0
0%
2
0
0%
1
0
0%
Based on the table above, 16 of the students gave the rating of 5 meaning Excellent on the other hand, only 4 of the students gave a rating of 4 meaning Above Average. With these ratings, the members found out that they really made an eco friendly product. Graph 2: Eco Friendliness
5 4 3 2 1
As shown in the figure above, 80% of the respondents rated 5. While 20% of the respondents rated 4. This proves that the researchers had produced a good product.
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Table 3: Appearance
RATING
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE
5
11
55%
4
8
40%
3
1
5%
2
0
0%
1
0
0%
With the table below, 11 students graded the product’s appearance as Excellent, 8 students said it is Above Average while a student rated its appearance as Average. With these ratings, the respondents
were pleased with the Solar Fan’s appearance. Graph 3: Appearance
5 4 3 2 1
In the figure above shows that 55% or 11 respondents rated the product as Excellent. 40% or 8 respondents rated it as Above Average while 5% or 1 respondent said that it as Average.
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Table 4: Overall Appeal
RATING
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE
5
16
80%
4
4
20%
3
0
0%
2
0
0%
1
0
0%
As shown in the table above, 16 out of the 20 respondents agreed to give the Solar Fan 5 which is Excellent while only 4 of them rated it as Above Average. With these, the researchers are really much pleased to say that they come up with a good product bas ed on the respondent’s answers to the survey.
Graph 4: Overall Appeal
5 4 3 2 1
In the figure above shows that 80% of respondents rated 5 for the overall appeal of the product which indicates that the product created is Excellent. 20% rated 4 meaning that it is average.
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Chapter 5 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
This chapter shows the final analysis of the researchers about their study.
Summary
Based on the analysis of the data, the following were the findings of the study: ThirtyFive percent (35%) or seven out of 20 respondents said that the product can last longer compared to product same with the researchers’, while the rest of the respondents rated it as above average or an average. For the eco friendliness of the product eighty percent (80%) or 16 out of 20 respondents said that the product has an excellent quality for lessening the damage in our environment and the other respondents rated the product as above average. For the appearance of the product, fifty-five percent (55%) or 11 out of 20 respondents said that the product has an excellent appearance that will help the buyers patronize their product if it will be sold in markets in the future and the other respondents rated the product as above average. For the overall appeal, eighty percent (80%) or 16 out of 20 respondents rated the product as excellent and some said that it can be approved to be sold in the market and the rest rated it as above average while others said it is average.
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Conclusion
From the findings of the study, the researchers were able to conclude that the Solar Fan has a good chance of being used by many people for it is convenient and easy to use. This innovation in the said terms passed the qualifications of the respondents. The time it lasted based on the time it has been charged, the eco friendliness on how it can contribute to lessen the damage of our environment, the appearance of it based on its structure and design and the excellent quality it has. The researchers ’ creation is a capable product that can be recommended for the people to use.
Recommendation
In line with the foregoing conclusions, the following recommendations are now in place; first, the respondents recommended improving the solar panel so people can use it for longer hours especially when there is no electricity. Further improvement for its presentation is a must also, in order for it to look more pleasing. Lastly according to the respondents the blow of the wind must be improved for it to produce more air.
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