IKUQS^LNKQFU Y QNEKIEJU ^QI@IXJAFU NK QNSJ_IJ RIU^J@ _fs8 N`ixjcnqm Ejui``ju Ejui``ju mqqp8&&www+~jj+l}&ikrnuqigjeifk&ikrnuqigjeifk&anujssf``f&jejanliju&e~ssie~`~l u&Ciflnaieju&N`ixjcnqm.3?Ejui``ju.3?Ejui``ju+pab @j qnsjpi qnsjpij j riu~j riu~j`` jeqir jeqirj j f nkqsn nkqsnkjl kjlink inkqf qf riu~j riu~j`` nuqê nuqê aiunú aiunúja jaj j pjsj pjsj lnhfsj lnhfsjss n` snkailin snkailinkqf kqf riu~j`, riu~j`, ikrf`~es ikrf`~esjkaf jkaf j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn an ~kj ljknsj ljknsj efkeinkq efkeinkqn n nk ~kj une~nkeij an qjsnju qjsnju riu~j`nu efkqsf`jaju efkqsf`jaju y nupneìbieju+ nupneìbieju+ Un p~nank ~qi`ixjs ~qi`ixjs ~kj gsjk rjsinaja an ikuqs~lnkqfu ikuqs~lnkqfu y léqfafu pjsj snj`ixjs snj`ixjs nuqju qjsnju+ qjsnju+ J efkqik~jeiõk un psnunkqj `j e`juibiejeiõk gnknsj` an `ju qéekieju an qnsjpij riu~j` ung~iaj an ~kj anuesipeiõk anuesipeiõk an ejaj qéekiej, qéekiej, ikuqs~eeifknu ikuqs~eeifknu gnknsj`nu, u~ fchnqirf fchnqirf y snu~`qjafu+ Un airiank nk afu ejqngfsìju8 I+ Ikuqs~lnkqfu an nkqsnkjlinkqf nkqsnkjlinkqf Ike`~yn qéekieju nk `ju z~n n` pjeinkqn snz~insn fcunsrjs aisneqjlnkqn nk ~k jpjsjqf, efk nuqju qéekieju n` lfrilinkqf nu snuqsikgiaf y nu aibìei` fcunsrjs `fu fhfu an` pjeinkqn, `ju ps~ncju ps~ncju un snj`ixjk nk efkaieifknu efkaieifknu kf kjq~sj`nu+ kjq~sj`nu+ II+ Nkqsnkjlinkqf nk nupjeif `icsn Un snj`ixj ~k ljyfs lfrilinkqf, un p~nank fcunsrjs `fu fhfu an` pjeinkqn, `ju efkaieifknu an n}jlnk ufk lêu jpsf}iljaju j `j riuiõk an` pjeinkqn+ ‣
E@JUIBIEJEIFK QI_F AN LJQNSIJ@
JKJG@ÌBIEFU Y BI@QSFU _F@JSIXJAFU
EJSJEQNSÌUQIEJU Un ~qi`ixjk l~emf nk pjeinkqnu efk mnqnsfbfsij, ike`~ynk gsjk rjsi rjsin naja an fpqf fpqfqi qip pfu ike`~ ke`~uf uf an 3¿ y 5¿ an b~ui b~uiõ õk, jeflfajqirfu y kf jeflfajqirfu, ufk øqi`nu nk psnunkeij an u~ps u~psnu nuiõ iõk k u~pn u~pnsb sbie ieij ij`` f lfan lfansj sjaj aj y un p~na p~nank nk nkqs nkqsnk nkjs js rnsgnkeiju, `ju efkaieifknu an n}jlnk ufk kfslj`nu+ _nsliqnk _nsliqnk fcqnkns fcqnkns ~k c~nk c~nk efkqsf` efkqsf` an `fu pjsêlnqsf pjsêlnqsfuu an `fu nuqìl~ nuqìl~`f `fu, u, uik nlcjsg nlcjsgf f `fu kiúfu kiúfu p~nan p~nank k pnsan pnsanss n` ikqnsé ikqnséuu bêei`lnkqn pfs `f z~n un ancnk ~ujs ~ujs gsjk rjsinaja rjsinaja an qjshnqju qjshnqju pjsj ljkqnkns `j jqnkeiõk+
@NKQNU NU_NHFU _SIULJU
UN_Q^LU Y AIRIUIFKNU
LJQNSIJ@ IL_SNUF
Un p~nank ~qi`ixjs nk qfaju `ju qnsjpiju y eflcikjs`fu efk fqsfu jpjsjqfu+ @fu @fu `nkq `nkqnu nu ejlci ejlcijk jk `j anljk anljkaj aj an jefl jeflfa faje jeiõ iõk k y an rnsg rnsgnk nkei eiju ju,, ufk ufk l~y l~y nbne nbneqiqirf rfuu nk `j qnsj qnsjpi pij j jefl jeflfa fajq jqir irj, j, jy~ajk j rjsijs n` kirn` an anljkaj an `ju qéekieju q éekieju cikfe~`jsnu+ cikfe~`jsnu+ @fu psiulju y nupnhfu nupnhfu ejlcijk `j aisneeiõk an `j `~x, qjlciék jy~ajk nk `j qnsjpij jkqiu~psnuiõk+ jkqiu~psnu iõk+ Ufk jpjsjqfu z~n unpjsjk `j riuiõk an ~k fhf y fqsf nk n` nupjeif kfslj`, kfslj`, an qj` ljknsj z~n ~k fhf rn ~kj iljgnk iljgnk y fqsf fqsf fcunsr fcunsrj j ~kj iljgn iljgnk k aibns aibnsnkq nkqn, n, ufk øqi`nu øqi`nu nk pjein pjeinkqn kqnuu efk u~psnuifknu aéci`nu f lfansjaju+ Nk nuqn qipf qipf an qéekie qéekieju ju nu aibìei aibìei`` ljkqnkns ljkqnkns `j jqnkeiõ jqnkeiõk, k, `j anljkaj kf p~nan ikieijs ikieijs nk ensf pfs pfs `f z~n un ancn ancn bfsxjs j` pjeinkqn j snj`ixjs snj`ixjs ~k lfrilinkqf lfrilinkqf an rnsgnkeij b~uifkj`+ b~uifkj`+ Ike`~ Ike`~yn yn n` ~uf an pjpn` pjpn` efk aibnsnk aibnsnkqnu qnu aiunúf aiunúfu, u, jenqjq jenqjqfu fu,, f e~j`z~ins qipf an ljqnsij` anuan pn`fqju, e~nsaju nqe+ J`g~kju ps~ncju p~nank p~nank eflcikjsun eflcikjsun efk bi`qsfu, `nkqnu `nkqnu y psiulju+ Ufk Ufk `ju qéekieju qéekieju lêu lêu cjsjqju, cjsjqju, ufk øqi`nu øqi`nu nk n` nkqsnkjli nkqsnkjlinkqf nkqf an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeijuu ufcsn qfaf efkrnsgn efkrnsgnkeij keij,, nk j`g~kju j`g~kju u~psnuifk u~psnuifknu nu aéci`nu j lfansjaju, jeflfajeiõk jeflfajeiõk y lfrilinkqfu lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu+ ujeêaiefu+
Ufk jpjsjqfu qfu cjujafu nk `j aiufeijeiõk an `fu fhfu lneêkiejlnkqn efk j`g~kj airiuiõk ~qi`ixjkaf q~cfu, nupnhfu, NUQNSNFUEF_IFU `nkqnu f psiulju, u~ fchnqirf nu lnhfsjs jlp`iq~a an rnsgnkeiju b~uif b~uifkj` kj`nu nu pfuiqi pfuiqirju rju y kngjqi kngjqirju rju,, ikesn ikesnlnk lnkqjs qjs rn`fei rn`feiaja aja an snup~nuqj y aiulik~is n` qinlpf an `jqnkeij+ Qéekie Qéekieju ju ~qi`i ~qi`ixja xjaju ju nk n` qsjqjl qsjqjlin inkqf kqf an jlc`i jlc`ifpì fpìj, j, bihjei bihjeiõk õk _FUQ, _FUQ, ILÊGNK ILÊGNKNU NU n}eékqsie n}eékqsiej, j, efssnupf efssnupfkank kankeij eij jkõlj`j jkõlj`j,, nuqsjciul nuqsjciulf f efkuqjkqn efkuqjkqn y Y kiuqjglf+ BNKÕLNKFU J` nuqil~`js `j snqikj snqikj n` fchnqirf fchnqirf nu esnjs ~kj iljgnk iljgnk cfssfuj nk NKQÕ_QIEFU n` enkqs enkqsf f nk `~uqsn `~uqsn y an nuqj bfslj bfslj lfai lfaibibiej ejss n` pjqsõ pjqsõk k an efssnupfkankeij efssnupfkankeij jkõlj`j nuqjc`neiaf+ +
QNEKIEJU AN QNSJ_IJ RIU^J@ ‣
QNSJ_IJ AN LFQI@IAJA FE^@JS8
EFKUIANSJEIFKNU GNKNSJ@NU8 ,
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Un sneflinkaj ikieijs efk nhnseieifu uilp`nu y an bfslj lfkfe~`js pjsj ig~j`js mjci`iajanu mjci`iajanu an jlcfu fhfu y efkqik~js pfuqnsifslnkqn efk `fu liulfu nhnseieifu nk bfslj cikfe~`js+ Gsja~j`lnkqn Gsja~j`lnkqn j~lnkqjs `j aibie~`qja an `ju ps~ncju+
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_jsj nhnseiqjs lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu nu efkrnkinkqn ikieijs efk lfrilinkqfu an gsjk jlp`iq~a y nk nqjpju jrjkxjaju aiulik~is aiulik~is `j jlp`iq~a+ Nk n` ejuf ejuf an `fu `fu lfril lfrilink inkqfu qfu an ung~i ung~ilin linkqf kqf nu snefln sneflnkaj kajc`n c`n ikieij ikieijss efk lfrilinkqfu an pnz~núj jlp`iq~a y pfuqnsifslnkqn j~lnkqjs jlp`iq~a+ Ikanpnkainkqnlnkqn an z~n un qsjqn an ~kj aiub~keiõk fe~`flfqfsj, un ancnk lnhfsjs `ju mjci`iajanu an jeflfajeiõk y cikfe~`jsiaja+ J`g~kju qéekieju p~nank uns8
‐MJSQ EMJSQ“ UJEJAIEFU ANUESI_EIÕK8 Ejsqi``j efk `nqsju y&f kølnsfu aiup~nuqfu nk ef`~lkju an :?}:? an qjljúfu
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aibnsnkqnu+ ‣
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FCHNQIRF8
J~lnkqjs `j n}jeqiq~a y rn`feiaja an `fu lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu+ ujeêaiefu+ NZ^I_F8 Ejsqi``ju an Mjsq Emjsq _jsemn QÉEKIEJ Ef`fejs ejsqi``j j ~kj aiuqjkeij nkqsn :+> y 5 lqu+ Fe`~is ~k fhf an` pjeinkqn Ikaiejs j` pjeinkqn z~n `nj `j psilnsj `nqsj an `j psilnsj ef`~lkj y `~ngf `j psilnsj `nqsj an `j ø`qilj ef`~lkj, efkqik~js efk `j ung~kaj `nqsj an `j psilnsj ef`~lkj y `j ung~kaj `nqsj an `j ø`qilj ef`~lkj+ nqe+ Efkqik~js mjuqj qnslikjs qfaju `ju `nqsju an `j psilnsj y aéeilj ef`~lkju+ Linkqsju n` pjeinkqn `nn, un efssfcfsjk `ju snup~nuqju N` fchnqirf pjsj n` pjeinkqn unsê snj`ixjs n` nhnseieif uik nssfsnu y uik lfrilinkqfu an ejcnxj, nk ~k anqnslikjaf qinlpf+ Ikesnlnkqjs `j aibie~`qja an `j ps~ncj piainkaf z~n `nj an `j liulj bfslj `ju ef`~lkju 3 y 9, 5 y =, 1 y 7, > y 2, `ju ef`~lkju ikqnskju ufk lêu aibìei`nu pfsz~n nuqêk sfanjaju an `ju fqsju `nqsju Snj`ixjs ujeêaiefu fc`ie~fu piainkaf j` pjeinkqn z~n `nj `j psilnsj `nqsj an `j psilnsj ef`~lkj y `j ~`qilj `nqsj an `j aéeilj ef`~lkj, `~ngf `j ung~kaj y pnkø`qilj y efkqik~js mjuqj z~n qnslikn `ju ef`~lkju+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU
Snpfsqjs ui `j ps~ncj un snj`ixõ nk bfslj nbieinkqn f q~rf j`g~kj aibie~`qja+ Ui `j ps~ncj b~n lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js+
JKK JSCFS
ANUESI_EIÕK8 Ufk mfhju z~n efkqinknk pêssjbfu efk `nqsju z~n bfsljk pj`jcsju uik kikgøk unkqiaf+ ‣
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FCHNQIRF8
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J~lnkqjs `j rn`feiaja y psneiuiõk an `fu lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu+ ujeêaiefu+ Lnhfsjs mjci`iaja an cøuz~naj an anqj``nu bikfu y psfenujlinkqf psfenujlinkqf an ikbfsljeiõk+ ikbfsljeiõk+
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NZ^I_F8 Mfhju an `nqsju y uìlcf`fu+ _jsemn ‣
QÉEKIEJ8 Un l~nuqsjk j` pjeinkqn `ju mfhju an qsjcjhf Ui un z~insn ~qi`ixjs ~qi`ixjs `j liulj mfhj mfhj nk rjsiju fejuifknu fejuifknu ef`fejs n` jenqjqf jenqjqf ufcsn `j mfhj an qsjcjhf+ Fe`~is ~k fhf _nais _nais j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn z~n ikiein ikiein `j `neq~sj pfs `j pjsqn u~pnsi u~pnsifs fs ansnemj ansnemj y z~n an ixz~insaj j ansnemj c~uz~n `j psilnsj `nqsj an` j`bjcnqf y e~jkaf `j nke~nkqsn `j u~csjyn y juì u~enuirjlnkqn mjuqj z~n nke~nkqsn `j ø`qilj `nqsj an` j`bjcnqf+ @j lnqj nu nu z~n z~n qnslikn qnslikn `j jeqiriaja `f lêu sêpiaf pfuic`n, pfs `f `f z~n z~n un qfljsê n` qinlpf+ Nrj`~js `j psneiuiõk yj z~n ui un uj`qj ~kj an `ju `nqsju kf unsê ejpjx an eflp`nqjs n` j`bjcnqf nk fsank+ @ju mfhju p~nank qnkns `nqsju an aibnsnkqn qjljúf pjsj j~lnkqjs `j aibie~`qja an `j ps~ncj Un sneflinka sneflinkaj j z~n e~jkaf un nke~nk nke~nkqsn qsn ~kj `nqsj, `nqsj, un ljsz~n, un `nrjkqn `nrjkqn n` p`~lõk pjsj z~n mjgj lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu an `nqsj j `nqsj+ Ui nu l~y aibìei` un un p~nank snj`ixjs snj`ixjs ung~ilinkqfu ung~ilinkqfu an `nqsj j `nqsj+ N` nhnseie nhnseieif if qnslikjs qnslikjsê ê e~jkaf e~jkaf n` qsjcjhf qsjcjhf z~n z~n un snj`ixj snj`ixj efk jlcfu jlcfu fhfu fhfu unj jpsf} jpsf}ilj iljajl ajlnk nkqn qn ig~j` ig~j` y e~jka e~jkaf f n` pjein pjeinkqn kqn p~naj p~naj qnslik qnslikjs js n` pêssjbf pêssjbf nk jpsf}iljajlnkqn ~k lik~qf+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Un jkfqj n` qinlpf nk n` z~n b~n snj`ixjaj `j jeqiriaja pfs ejaj fhf y j`g~kj fcunsrjeiõk fcunsrjeiõk a~sjkqn n` anujssf``f an `j liulj+ Jkfqjs ui un snj`ixõ nk bfslj lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js+ ‣
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LJSEJU EFK @IKQNSKJ ‣
FCHNQIRF8
Lnhfsjs `j psneiuiõk y rn`feiaja an `fu lfrilinkqfu lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu y an ung~ilinkqf ung~ilinkqf ‣
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Afu `ikqnskju _jsemn QÉEKIEJ Fe`~is ~k fhf an` pjeinkqn N` n}jlikjafs ufuqinkn ~kj `ikqnskj y n` pjeinkqn ufuqinkn fqsj+ N` n}jl n}jlik ikja jafs fs ljse ljsej j ~k eins einsqf qf pjqs pjqsõk õk nk `j pjsn pjsna a -ung -ung~i ~ili link nkqf qf)) õ ejlc ejlcij ij sêpiajlnkqn sêpiajlnkqn `j `ikqnskj an ~k `jaf j fqsf -ujeêaiefu) y un pian j` pjeinkqn z~n uigj n` pjqsõk an lfrilinkqf lfrilinkqf ljkqnkinkaf ljkqnkinkaf `j `~x an u~ `ikqnskj nkeilj an `j `~x an `j `ikqnskj an` n}jlikjafs+ ‣
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NZ^I_F8
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Nlpnxj Nlpnxjss efk pjqsfk pjqsfknu nu unkei` unkei``fu `fu y snpnqi snpnqiqir qirfu fu y gsja~j gsja~j`ln `lnkqn kqn mjens` mjens`fu fu lêu lêu eflp`iejafu+ _jsj ~kj lnhfs iankqibiejeiõk iankqibiejeiõk un p~nank p~nank ef`fejs bi`qsfu an aibnsnkqn ef`fs ef`fs nk ejaj `ikqnskj Nh+ Nk `j an` n}jlikjafs ~qi`ixjs ~k bi`qsf sfhf y nk `j an` pjeinkqn ~k bi`qsf rnsan an ljknsj z~n `ju `ju ilêgnknu psfyneqjaju psfyneqjaju unjk ~kj sfhj y ~kj rnsan+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs8 Ui un snj`ixõ nk bfslj nbieinkqn f cink `ju anbieinkeiju anbieinkeiju nkefkqsjaju+ Ui b~n ~k nhnseieif lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js+ ‣
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_N@FQJ AN LJSUANK ANUESI_EIÕK8 Nu ~kj pnz~núj pn`fqj pn`fqj an riki` j `j e~j` un `n ef`fej ~kj e~nsaj e~nsaj y un e~n`gj an` qnemf an` gjciknqn, efkqinkn `nqsju, kølnsfu f uìlcf`fu+ ‣
FCHNQIRF8 Lnhfsjs rn`feiaja y n}jeqiq~a an lfrilinkqfu lfrilinkqfu an ung~ilinkqf ung~ilinkqf fe~`js u~jrn+ ‣
NZ^I_F8 _n`fqj _jsemn QÉEKIEJ8 Un fe`~yn ~k fhf an` pjeinkqn Un ef`fej `j pn`fqj j `j j`q~sj an `fu fhfu an` pjeinkqn+ Un mjen cj`jkenjs cj`jkenjs `j pn`fqj y un `n pian j` pjeinkqn z~n lnkeifkn lnkeifkn nk rfx j`qj `ju `nqsju z~n fcunsrj+ N` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ancnsê snj`ixjs ~k ~k lfrilinkqf lfrilinkqf an ung~ilinkqf fe~`js pjsj pfans pfans `nns `ju `nqsju nk `j pn`fqj+ N` lfrilinkqf an `j pn`fqj p~nan uns uns nk bfslj mfsixfkqj`, aijgfkj`, aijgfkj`, `nhfu ensej y sfqjeiõk j` snanafs an `j ejcnxj ejcnxj an` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn Kf ancnk sngiuqsjsun lfrilinkqfu an ejcnxj, økiejlnkqn un l~nrnk `fu fhfu ^kj rnx z~n n` kirn` nu nbieinkqn snj`ixjs n` nhnseieif nk bfslj cikfe~`js+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs ui j h~ieif an` n}jlikjafs `j ps~ncj un snj`ixõ nk bfslj nbieinkqn f kf y ui b~n nk bfslj lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js+
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QSJXF RIU^J@ ANUESI_EIÕK8 Ufk mfhju z~n efkqinknk ~kj unsin an qsjxfu z~n gsja~j`lnkqn rjk j~lnkqjkaf an aibie~`qj aibie~`qja+ a+ J` ikieif ikieif an ejaj qsjxf qsjxf qinkn ~kju `nqsju `nqsju y j` bikj` an ejaj ~kf qinkn ~kfu ~kfu kølnsfu+ ‣
FCHNQIRF8 Lnhfsjs `j rn`feiaja y psneiuiõk an `fu ung~ilinkqfu fe~`jsnu NZ^I_F8 Mfhju an qsjxfu ‣
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_jsemn _`~lõk+ QÉEKIEJ8 Fe`~is ~k fhf an` pjeinkqn Efk n` bik an ~qi`ixjs ~qi`ixjs `j liulj mfhj mfhj rjsiju rnenu rnenu un p~nan p~nan ef`fejs ef`fejs ~k jenqjqf ufcsn `j mfhj+ Ef`fejs Ef`fejs n` p`~lõk p`~lõk nk `j `nqsj ‐J“ y qsjxjs ~kj `ìknj `ìknj uig~inkaf uig~inkaf n` ejlikf ejlikf mjuqj ujcns j z~n kølnsf f big~sj ``ngj `j `ìknj z~n eflnkxõ eflnkxõ nk `j `nqsj ‐J“ Efkqik~js mjuqj mjuqj z~n nke~nkqsn `j `j snup~nuqj an ejaj ejaj `ìknj+ J lnaiaj z~n lnhfsn `j rn`feiaja y psneiuiõk an `fu lfrilinkqfu an ung~ilinkqf un p~nan p~nan ikesnlnk ikesnlnkqjs qjs `j aibie~`qj aibie~`qja a snj`ixjk snj`ixjkaf af n` nhnseiei nhnseieif f ~kj rnx lêu pnsf økiejlnkqn lfrinkaf `fu fhfu y uik jy~aj an` p`~lõk+ Bikj`ixjs ~kj rnx z~n n` pjeinkqn unj ejpjx an snj`ixjs n` nhnseieif nk bfslj cikfe~`js cikfe~`js efk psneiuiõk, psneiuiõk, c~nkj rn`feiaja y uik lfrilinkqfu lfrilinkqfu an ejcnxj+ ejcnxj+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8 Snpf Snpfsqj sqjss ui `j `j ps~nc ps~ncj j un snj`i snj`ixõ xõ nk nk bfslj bfslj nbiein nbieinkqn kqn f cink cink un jkfqjk jkfqjk `ju aibie~`qj aibie~`qjanu anu fcunsrja fcunsrjaju ju eflf lfrilinkq lfrilinkqf f an ejcnxj y ui un snj`ixõ snj`ixõ nk bfslj bfslj lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js ‣
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SFQJAFS ANUESI_EIÕK8 Ufk Ufk ikuq ikuqs~ s~ln lnkq kqfu fu an sfqj sfqjei eiõk õk,, j~qf j~qflê lêqiqief efuu z~n z~n un p~na p~nank nk ~ujs ~ujs pjsj pjsj qsjq qsjqjs js aiub~keifknu aiub~keifknu fe~`flfqfsju+ ‣
FCHNQIRF8 Lnhfsjs `j rn`feiaja y psneiuiõk psneiuiõk an `fu lfrilinkqfu an ung~ilinkqf ung~ilinkqf fe~`js+ Lnhfsj Lnhfsjss `j effsai effsaikje kjeiõk iõk fhf fhf ljkf8 ljkf8 J~kz~ J~kz~n n `j psneiu psneiuiõk iõk an `fu `fu lfrili lfrilinkq nkqfu fu fe~`jsnu fe~`jsnu y `j effsa effsaikje ikjeiõk iõk fhf fhf ― ljkf ~u~j` ~u~j`lnkqn lnkqn un un efssn`jei efssn`jeifkjk fkjk,, j`g~kfu j`g~kfu pjeinkqn pjeinkqnuu l~nuqsjk c~nkj c~nkj effsaikjei effsaikjeiõk õk fhf ljkf j pnujs an `j psnunkei psnunkeij j an ung~ilinkqfu efk csikefu, fqsfu anl~nuqsjk c~nkfu lfrilinkqfu an ung~ilinkqf, pnsf pfcsn effsaikjeiõk fhf ljkf+ NZ^I_F8 Aiuef sfqjafs efk jg~hnsfu p~nan uns efk pnanuqj` f kf+ Qjefu an Gf`b+ _jsemn+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8 Fe`~is ~k fhf an` pjeinkqn _nais j` pjeinkqn z~n un`neeifkn ~k jg~hnsf y lnqj n` qjef an gf`b ankqsf an` jg~hnsf+ Eflnkxjs j gisjs n` sfqjafs+ N` pjeinkqn ancnsê ancnsê un`neeifkjs ~k jg~hnsf jg~hnsf y ufuqnkns n` qjef bsnkqn j` jg~hnsf jg~hnsf pnsf uik qfejs`f mjuqj z~n qnslikn ~kj r~n`qj eflp`nqj y lnqns n` qjef nk n` jg~hnsf an ~k uf`f lfrilinkqf+ Mjens n` nhnseieif nhnseieif mjuqj z~n eflp`nqn qfafu `fu jg~hnsfu jg~hnsfu õ cink pnais j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn z~n bfsln ~kj big~sj efk `fu qjefu an gf`b+ @fu jg~hnsfu an `j pnsibnsij ufk lêu bêei`nu z~n `fu an` enkqsf+ ‣
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Bikj` Bikj`ixj ixjss e~jkaf e~jkaf n` pjein pjeinkqn kqn snj`i snj`ien en n` nhnse nhnseiei ieif f nk bfslj bfslj cikfe~ cikfe~`js `js,, j c~nkj c~nkj rn`feiaja, efk psneiuiõk y n`ilikjkaf lfrilinkqfu an ejcnxj+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs Jkfqjs `j rn`feiaja rn`feiaja an` lfrilink lfrilinkqf qf y `j nbieinkei nbieinkeij j an `j ps~ncj, ps~ncj, juì eflf ui b~n snj`ixjaj nk bfslj lfkfe~`js lfkfe~`js f cikfe~`js, efk bi`qsfu nqe+ ‣
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QNSJ_IJ JEFLFAJQIRJ
EFKUIANSJEIFKNU GNKNSJ@NU8 ‣
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Ikieijs Ikieijs `j qnsjpij qnsjpij lfkfe~`js+
kfslj`ix kfslj`ixjkaf jkaf mjci`iaj mjci`iajanu anu lêu lêu anqnsif anqnsifsjaj sjajuu y an bfslj
Ikanpn Ikanpnkai kaink nkqnl qnlnk nkqn qn an` aijgk aijgkõuq õuqief ief nkefkq nkefkqsja sjaf f un snefli sneflinka nkaj j nkqsnk nkqsnkjs js nuqil~`jeiõk y sn`jhjeiõk an `j jeflfajeiõk+ ^qi` ^qi`ix ixjs js `nkq `nkqnu nu an cjhj cjhj pfqn pfqnke keij ij y gsja gsja~j ~j`l `lnk nkqn qn j~ln j~lnkq kqjs js n` pfan pfans s ikesnlnkqjkaf juì `j jlp`iq~a jeflfajqirj+
b`n}ici`iaja jeflfajqirj jeflfajqirj snj`i Lnhf Lnhfsj sjss `j b`n}ici`iaja snj`ixjk xjkaf af nkbfz~ nkbfz~nu nu j aibnsn aibnsnkqn kqnuu aiuqjkeiju, lfaibiejkaf lfaibiejkaf n` qjljúf qjljúf an `fu qn}qfu y lfkiqfsnjkaf lfkiqfsnjkaf n` qinlpf pjsj snj`ixjs `j jeqiriaja+ _j~`jqikjlnkqn ikrf`~esjs qéekieju an lfqi`iaja fe~`js y an rnsgnkeiju efk n` fchnqf an ikqngsjs n` uiuqnlj riu~j` J`g~kju qéekieju jeflfajqirju8
MJSQ EMJSQ JEFLFAJQIRF FCHNQIRF8 Snuqj~sjs `j jlp`iq~a y bjei`iaja jeflfajqirj, jlcfu sjkgfu ufcsn `fu e~j`nu n` pjeinkqn p~nan jeflfajs+ @j rn`feiaja an `j snup~nuqj jeflfajqirj nu l~y ilpfsqjkqn ilpfsqjkq n nk nuqj qéekiej+
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NZ^I_F8 Mjsq Emjsq an `nhfu y an ensej _jsemn+ QNEKIEJ8 Un fe`~yn n` fhf FI an` pjeinkqn
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Un `n pian pian z~n ufuqnk ufuqnkgj gj ~kj ejsqi` ejsqi``j `j pnz~núj pnz~núj j 1? el+ el+ y z~n `nj nk rfx rfx j`qj `j `ìknj u~pnsifs, p~nank uns uf`f `ju psilnsju qsnu `nqsju f qfaf n` snkg`õk+ Nk qfaf lflnkqf `j iljgnk ancn ancn ljkqnknsun e`jsj+ e`jsj+ J` qnslikjs qnslikjs un `n pian pian z~n z~n fcunsrn fcunsrn `j ejsqi`` ejsqi``j j an `nhfu `nhfu y `nj `ju uig~in uig~inkqnu kqnu qsnu qsnu `nqsju f cink n` uig~inkqn snkg`õk, snkg`õk, ljkqnkinkaf qjlciék `ju ilêgnknu e`jsju+ N` pjeinkqn efkqikøj j`qnskjkaf n` nkbfz~n an ensej an `nhfu mjuqj qnslikjs an `nns `j ejsqi``j ejsqi``j f a~sjkqn rjsifu rjsifu lik~qfu+ Snpnqis `j une~nkeij pjsj n` fhf ixz~insaf+ _jsj ikesnlnkqjs `j anljkaj an `j ps~ncj, n` pjeinkqn ufuqinkn `j ejsqi``j pnz~núj j `j aiuqjke aiuqjkeij ij an u~ csjxf csjxf y lnkeif lnkeifkj kj `ju `nqsj `nqsjuu an `j `ìknj `ìknj u~pnsif u~pnsifss linkqsju linkqsju jensej `j ejsqi``j `nkqjlnkqn mjeij `fu fhfu+ E~jkaf kf p~naj ljkqnkns e`jsiaja, qinkn z~n ejlcijs j `j ung~kaj `ìknj an `j ejsqi``j an an `nhfu ef`fejaj j 5 lnqsfu, lnqsfu, snpnqis n` psfenailinkqf psfenailinkqf efk `j qnsensj `ìknj jensejkaf `j `j ejsqi``j y juì u~enuirjlnkqn u~enuirjlnkqn mjuqj qnslikjs qnslikjs n` qn}qf+ Snj`ixjs n` psfenailinkqf efk n` fhf ixz~insaf Fqsj lfaibiejeiõk lfaibiejeiõk p~nan uns ef`fejs ef`fejs `j ejsqi``j pnz~núj pnz~núj an 3+> j > el lêu j`nhjaj j`nhjaj an` p~kqf afkan rn cfssfuf, y j`qnskjs `j riuiõk an `j ejsqi``j `nhjkj j `j ensejkj+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs ui `j ps~ncj ps~ncj un snj`ixõ snj`ixõ nk bfslj bfslj nbieinkqn nbieinkqn f kf+ ‣
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@NKQN AN ―>+?? A+ FCHNQIRF 8 J~lnkqjs `j jlp`iq~a jlp`iq~a an an nuqil~`jeiõk nuqil~`jeiõk y sn`jhjeiõk sn`jhjeiõk jeflfajqirj jeflfajqirj nk bfslj cife~`js, janlêu an ~kj ikqnsjeeiõk ikqnsjeeiõk nkqsn nkqsn `j jeflfajeiõk jeflfajeiõk y `j rnsgnkeij+ rnsgnkeij+ ‣
NZ^I_F8 Un ~qi`ixj ~qi`ixj ~k `nkqn uik efsqjs an ― >+?? >+?? õ ― 2+?? a+ ‣
QNEKIEJ8 Nu ~k psfenailinkqf psfenailinkqf nk nupjeif nupjeif `icsn, un p~nan p~nan ~qi`ixjs e~j`z~ins e~j`z~ins fpqfqipf eflf fchnqf an bihjeiõk+ Fe`~is ~k fhf N` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ufuqinkn ~kj ~kj `nkqn an ―>+?? ―>+?? bsnkqn j` j` fhf anuqjpjaf anuqjpjaf an qj` ljknsj z~n j` anufe` anufe`~is ~is n` fqsf fqsf fhf p~naj p~naj rns afu afu ilêgn ilêgnknu, knu, ~kj ~kj pfs pfs b~nsj b~nsj an `j `j `nkqn `nkqn an qjljúf kfslj` y fqsj j qsjréu an `j `nkqn an ~k qjljúf lnkfs+ Un `n pian j` pjeinkqn z~n fcunsrn ~kj an `ju ilêgnknu mjuqj z~n `j pnseicj efk kiqianx, anup~éu ancn rns `j pn`fqj gsjkan y nkbfejs`j qjlciék, `f e~j` nz~irj`n j ~k eie`f+ Efkqik~js j`qnskjkaf j`qnskjkaf n` nkbfz~n, snpiqinkaf snpiqinkaf rjsifu eie`fu y pfuqnsifslnkqn pfuqnsifslnkqn ejlcijs `j `nkqn j` fqsf fhf ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8
Jkfqjs n` kølnsf kølnsf an eie`fu eie`fu snj`ixjafu efssneqjlnkqn+
BJEI@IAJA JEFLFAJQIRJ LFKFE^@JS @j bjei`iaja jeflfajqirj lfkfe~`js lfkfe~`js nu n` psilns pjuf nk n` n` nkqsnkjlinkqf, nkqsnkjlinkqf, pjsj anujssf``js ~k jane~jaf jane~jaf b~keifkjlinkqf b~keifkjlinkqf fe~`js fe~`js y pfuqnsifslnkqn nkbjqixjs mjci`iajanu mjci`iajanu cikfe~`jsnu+ cikfe~`jsnu+ N` nkqsnkjlinkqf nkqsnkjlinkqf lfkfe~`js gnknsj`lnkqn gnknsj`lnkqn psnenan j` cikfe~`js, cikfe~`js, yj z~n
éuqn snz~i snz~insn nsn an ~kj ~kj b`n}ici` b`n}ici`iaj iaja a nkqsn `j `j jeflfaje jeflfajeiõk iõk y `j rnsgnke rnsgnkeij+ ij+ L~emfu L~emfu pjeinkqnu qinknk aibie~`qja pjsj sn`jhjs jeflfajeiõk anup~éu an uns nuqil~`jafu, pfs nuqj sjxõk, l~emfu l~emfu psfenaili psfenailinkqfu nkqfu ufk fsgjkixj fsgjkixjafu afu nk eie`fu eie`fu an nuqil~`j nuqil~`jeiõk eiõk y sn`jhjeiõk j`qnskjaj+ FCHNQIRF8 j) Kfslj`i Kfslj`ixjs xjs jlp`i jlp`iq~a q~a y b`n}ici`i b`n}ici`iaja aja jeflfajq jeflfajqirj irj pjsj pjsj ejaj ejaj fhf c) J`ejk J`ejkxj xjss ig~j ig~j`a `aja ja nk jlcfu jlcfu fhfu fhfu e) Ikesnlnk Ikesnlnkqjs qjs `j mjci`iaj mjci`iaja a an ljkqnk ljkqnkns ns riuiõk riuiõk e`jsj e`jsj ‣
QNEKIEJ8 Un ~qi`ixjk `nkqnu pjsj `fu ejlcifu jeflfajqirfu an` pjeinkqn, `nkqnu uik efsqjs, b`ippnsu, `nkqnu an `j ejhj an ps~ncj, nqe+ N` fchnqf fchnqf an bihjeiõk p~nan uns+ uns+ Mjsq Mjsq Emjsq f e~j`z~ins e~j`z~ins ejsqi``j ejsqi``j pjsj riuiõk riuiõk ensejkj+ ensejkj+ Un `n ikaiej n` pjeinkqn z~n ancn mjens ~kj `neq~sj y ljkqnkns nk qfaf lflnkqf `ju `nqsju e`jsju+ Nu nbneqirf n` uig~inkqn psfenailinkqf8 psfenailinkqf8 $ ?+>? & ?+>? $3+?? & 1+?? $ :+?? & :+?? $3+>? & 1+?? $:+>? & :+>? $3+?? & 2+?? $3+?? & 3+?? $3+>? & 2+?? $3+?? & 3+>? $3+?? & =+?? $3+?? & 5+?? $3+>? & =+?? Qnslikjs n` nhnseieif e~jkaf n` pjeinkqn p~nan fcqnkns uik aibie~`qja8 3? epl efk sjkgfu an $ 3+>?& >+?? >+?? efk ejaj ejaj fhf fhf + SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs Jkfqjs ui b~n fhf fhf ansnemf ansnemf f n` n` fhf ixz~insaf, n` pfans an `j `j `nkqn `nkqn ~qi`ixjaj ~qi`ixjaj y n` kølnsf an eie`fu pfs lik~qf+ ‣
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BJEI@IAJA JEFLFAJQIRJ CIKFE^@JS Nk ~k psfenailinkqf nk efkaieifknu cikfe~`jsnu pfs lnaif an ~k aiupfuiqirf an `nkqnu pfuiqirfu pfuiqirfu y kngjqirfu an aibnsnkqn pfans+ FCHNQIRF8 Aiuli Aiulik~ k~is is `j `jqnk `jqnkei eij j n ikesn ikesnlnk lnkqjs qjs `j rn`fei rn`feiaja aja an snup~ snup~nuq nuqj j jeflfa jeflfajqi jqirj rj cjhf cjhf efkaieifknu cikfe~`jsnu+ NZ^I_F8 , B`ippnsu an aibnsnkqnu pfansnu efk ikesnlnkqfu an $ ?+3> , Ljqnsij` an `neq~sj anuan 3?&=? j 3?&5?+ , Cjssj an `neq~sj pf`jsixjaj f bi`qsfu SfhfRnsan efk u~u snupneqirfu `nkqnu , Aiupfuiqirfu Aiupfuiqirfu eflf rneqfgsjlju, sng`j an jpnsq~sj, eìse~`fu n}eékqsiefu, nqe+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8 N` pjeinkqn ancn `nns ~ujkaf `ju cjssju an `neq~sj yj unj pf`jsixjaju f Sfhf Rnsan, uinkaf efkueinkqn z~n ufk riuic`nu qfaju `ju ef`~lkju nk n` ljqnsij` ilpsnuf qfaf n` qinlpf+ Ancnsê Ancnsê `nns : õ 3 snkg`fknu snkg`fknu efk `fu `nkqnu `nkqnu pfuiqirfu pfuiqirfu y anup~éu anup~éu ejlcijs ejlcijs j `fu `nkqnu kngjqirfu kngjqirfu pjsj `nns `nns fqsju afu `ìknju+ `ìknju+ Nu ilpfsqjkqn ikbfsljs j` pjeinkqn z~n nk qfaf lflnkqf ancnsê ljkqnkns `ju `nqsju e`jsju y unkei``ju+ Ikesnl Ikesnlnkq nkqjs js gsja~j gsja~j`ln `lnkqn kqn `j anljk anljkaj aj an pfans pfans an je~nsa je~nsaf f j` anunlp anunlpnúf núf lfuqsjaf+ ‣
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_jsj ikesnlnkqjs `j aibie~`qja an `j ps~ncj un p~nan eflcikjs n` b`ippns efk fqsfu psfenailinkqfu psfenailinkqfu eflf8 rneqfgsjlju, sng`j sng`j an jpnsq~sj, eìse~`fu n}eékqsiefu, n}eékqsiefu, nqe+
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SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs n` pfans an `j `nkqn ~qi`ixjaj, ~qi`ixjaj, n` kølnsf kølnsf an eie`fu eie`fu pfs lik~qf+ lik~qf+ Ui n}iuqn u~psnuiõk @j qéekiej efk `j e~j` un eflcikõ n` nhnseieif ‣
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QNSJ_IJ JKQIU^_SNUIFK8
@ju qéekie qéekieju ju jkqiu~ jkqiu~psn psnuiõ uiõk k ufk nlp` nlp`nja njaju ju nk pjein pjeinkqn kqnuu efk u~psnu u~psnuif ifknu knu pfef pfef psfb~kaju, eflf `ju z~n psfa~enk `ju mnqnsfbfsiju j~kz~n qjlciék un ~qi`ixjk nk pjeinkqnu efk nuqsjciulf y jlc`ifpìj+ Nuqêk cjujaju cjujaju nk `j ~qi`ixjeiõk an an bi`qsfu y aiupfuiqirfu z~n ljkqinknk ljkqinknk j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn nk efkaieifknu efkaieifknu an riuiõk riuiõk aiufeijaj+ aiufeijaj+ ^kj rnx rnx n`ilikjaj n`ilikjaj `j u~psnuiõk, un p~nank snj`ixjs snj`ixjs qéekieju cikfe~`jsnu+ cikfe~`jsnu+
QR QSJIKNS Un ~ujk mfhju an bi`qsfu sfhf y rnsan efk u~u snupneqirfu snupneqirfu `nkqnu sfhf& rnsan FCHNQIRF8 Aiulik~is `j ikqnkuiaja y bsne~nkeij an u~psnuiõk+ ‣
QÉEKIEJ 8 Un ef`fej ~kj mfhj an bi`qsf an ~k `jaf rnsan rnsan y n` fqsf sfhf yj unj nk `j pjkqj``j an qn`nriuiõk f nk `j eflp~qjafsj+ N` pjeinkqn ~uj `nkqnu sfhfrnsan, nk ejuf z~n n` pjeinkqn u~psilj rnsê ~kj pjsqn kngsj+ N` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ancn qsjqjs qsjqjs an n`ilikj n`ilikjss `j u~psnuiõ u~psnuiõk k efk n` pjspjanf pjspjanf,, mjeinkaf mjeinkaf ~k lfrilink lfrilinkqf qf an efkrnsgnk efkrnsgnkeij eij f airnsgnk airnsgnkeij eij ungøk unj n` ejuf, jenseêkafu jenseêkafun nf j`nhêkafun an `j pjkqj``j+ _jsj ikesnlnkqjs f aiulik~is n` kirn` an aibie~`qja un p~nank ~ujs `nkqnu y&f psiulju+ N` fchnqirf fchnqirf pjsj n` pjeinkqn nu nu ljkqnkns riuiõk unkei``j unkei``j cikfe~`js+ cikfe~`js+ ‣
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NU_NHF
@j u~pnspfuieiõk efk n` nupnhf nu ~k psfenailinkqf nk n` z~n un qsjcjhj efk afu gsjafu an `j riuiõk cikfe~`js+ FCHNQIRF8 Aiulik~is `j ikqnkuiaja y bsne~nkeij an `j u~psnuiõk+ ‣
NZ^I_F8 Nupnhf an > el+ pfs > el+ Nuqìl~`fu an bihjeiõk+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8 N` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ufuqinkn ufuqinkn n` nupnhf nupnhf an`jkqn an`jkqn an ~kf an `fu fhfu fhfu j ~k êkg~`f an 1>¿, 1>¿, linkqsju fcunsrj ~k fchnqf an bihjeiõk an`jkqn an ~k fhf y efk n` fqsf fhf fcunsrj fqsj iljgnk+ N` fchnqirf nu fcunsrjs fcunsrjs `ju ilêgnknu ilêgnknu j` liulf qinlpf+ N` pjeinkqn ancnsê ancnsê ikqnkqjs ufcsnpfkns ufcsnpfkns ilêgnknu, ~kj nkeilj an fqsj+ Un ~qi`ixjk ilêgnknu ilêgnknu aibnsnkqnu pjsj `j pnsenpeiõk uil~`qêknj, uil~`qêknj, nuqìl~`fu pjsneiafu pjsj `j b~uiõk p`jkj+ ‣
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_nsenpeiõk uil~`qêknj
B~uiõk p`jkj
SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs ui n}iuqn u~psnuiõk u~psnuiõk f ui un snj`ixõ snj`ixõ n` nhnseieif nhnseieif nk nk bfslj nbieinkqn+ ‣
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EJSQI@@J JKQIU^_SNUIFK Nu ~kj qéekiej nk `j z~n z~n un nlp`nj ~kj ejsqi``j ejsqi``j efk `nqsju f kølnsfu kølnsfu efk n` bfkaf sfhf f c`jkef, c`jkef, n` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn qinkn efkeinke efkeinkeij ij an `j u~psnuiõk u~psnuiõk pfs `f qjkqf ancn nriqjs nriqjs u~psilis+
FCHNQIRF8 N`ilikjs `j bsne~nkeij y `j ikqnkuiaja an `j u~psnuiõk+
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NZ^I_F8 Ejsqi``j jkqiu~psnuiõk+ jkqiu~psnuiõk+ Bi`qsfu sfhf jx~`+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8 N` pjeinkqn ~qi`ixj `fu jkqnfhfu sfhfjx~` f sfhf rnsan Un ef`fej j` pjeinkqn bsnkqn j `j `j ejsqi``j, `j aiuqjkeij aiuqjkeij p~nan uns rjsijc`n, rjsijc`n, nkqsn : y 5 lnqsfu, anpnkainkaf an` qipf an u~psnuiõk+ Un `n pian pian j` pjeink pjeinkqn qn z~n fcunsrn fcunsrn `ju `ju `nqsju `nqsju y z~n lnkeifkn lnkeifkn ui p~nan p~nan rns rns `j `ìknj eflp`nqj+ Ui nu juì p~nan ikieijs `j `neq~sj an `j ejsqi``j+ Ui kf nu pfuic pfuic`n `n fcuns fcunsrjs rjs `j ejsqi` ejsqi``j `j eflp` eflp`nqj nqj,, ikaie ikaiejs js j` pjein pjeinkqn kqn z~n z~n ancn ancn pjspjanjs nk bfslj efkqik~j y sêpiaj, jensejsun ~k pfef j `j ejsqi``j f psnkans y jpjgjs `j `~x an `j mjciqjeiõk mjuqj z~n `fgsn fcunsrjs `j `ìknj eflp`nqj+ Gsja~j`lnkqn j~lnkqjs `j aiuqjkeij an bihjeiõk+ ^kj ljknsj an ikesnlnkqjs `j anljkaj nu efk lfrilinkqf efspfsj`, yj unj lfrinkaf `j ejcnxj f n` e~nspf, efk `nkqnu pfuiqirfu f kngjqirfu+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs ui n}iuqn u~psnuiõk y `j aiuqjkeij j `j z~n un snj`ixf `j ps~ncj+ ‣
EMNISFUEF_IF ‣
FCHNQIRF8
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Anqnslikjs `j nuqjci`iaja cikfe~`js, j`iknjlinkqf, psnunkeij y n}qnkuiõk an ~kj u~psnuiõk+
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Sna~eis y n`ilikjs u~psnuiõk+ ‣
NZ^I_F8
N` emnisfuef emnisfuefpif pif nu ~k jpjsjqf jpjsjqf z~n efkqinkn efkqinkn ~k pjs an `nkqnu nubésieju nubésieju an $>+?? aifpqsìju anuenkqsjaju anuenkqsjaju y nuqê aiunújaf pjsj z~n n` pjeinkqn fcunsrn ~kj iljgnk aibnsnkqn efk ejaj fhf+ ‣
QÉEKIEJ8
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Ef`fejs n` aic~hf aic~hf nk n` emnisfuefpif emnisfuefpif an` `jaf an` an` fhf fhf efssnupfkainkqn efssnupfkainkqn j `j ljkf ljkf kf aflikjkqn
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_nais j` pjeinkqn z~n fcunsrn j qsjréu an` ikuqs~lnkqf ej`z~n ej`z~n n` aic~hf+ aic~hf+
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Ui n}iuqn u~psnuiõk un jefkunhj jefkunhj `f uig~inkqn8 uig~inkqn8 Aic~hjs psilnsf `ju `ju nuz~ikju, mjens n` aic~hf nk pnz~núfu pnz~núfu qsjxfu qsjxfu `nrjkqjkaf `nrjkqjkaf n` `êpix an an `j mfhj y `~ngf mjeinkaf fqsf qsjxf Qnslikj Qnslikjss `j ps~ncj ps~ncj e~jkaf e~jkaf n` pjein pjeinkqn kqn p~nan p~nan snj`ixjs snj`ixjs n` aic~h aic~hf f uik kikg~kj kikg~kj aibie~`qja+
_F@J LISSFS
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FCHNQIRF8 Aiulik~is `j ikqnkuiaja y bsne~nkeij an `j u~psnuiõk+
NZ^I_F8 Nupnhf Gjbju pf`jsixjaju+ pf`jsixjaju+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8 Un ef`fejk `ju gjbju pf`jsixjaju j` pjeinkqn y un `n pian z~n un rnj nk n` nupnhf+ Ui kf mjy u~psnuiõk `j pnsufkj pfasê rns u~u afu fhfu, nk ejuf an z~n ~k fhf u~psilj kf pfasê rns u~u afu fhfu j` liulf qinlpf+ Un `n ikai ikaiej ej z~n z~n qsjq qsjqn n an rns rns u~u u~u afu afu fhfu fhfu an ~kj ~kj ljkn ljknsj sj efku efkuei eink nkqn qn y uil~`qêknjlnkqn+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs ui n}iuqn u~psnuiõk f b~uiõk+ ‣
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QNSJ_IJ AN RNSGNKEIJU
EFKUIANSJEIFKNU GNKNSJ@NU8 , @j qnsjpij an rnsgnkeij nu uinlpsn cikfe~`js , Un ancn efkqsf`js psnrijlnkqn `j n}iuqnkeij an u~psnuifknu+ , Un u~ginsn u~ginsn ikieijs ikieijs efk psfenailink psfenailinkqfu qfu unkei``f unkei``fuu z~n pnsliqjk j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ~kj snqsfj`ilnkqjeiõk+ Eflnkxjs nk aisneeiõk j `j aibie~`qja qsjcjhjkaf psilnsf nk kfslj`ixjs `j jlp`iq~a , an `j rnsgnkeij y pfuqnsifslnkqn lnhfsjs `j b`n}ici`iaja+ b`n}ici`iaja+ efk qéekieju jeflfajqirju jeflfajqirju y an lfqi`iaja lfqi`iaja fe~`js+ , Eflcikjs efk E^NSAJ AN CSFED Efku Efkuiu iuqn qn nk ~kj ~kj e~ns e~nsaj aj an 5 lnqs lnqsfu fu an `fkg `fkgiqiq~a ~a efk efk ~kju ~kju nubn nubnsj sjuu lfri lfric` c`nu nu j aibnsn aibnsnkqn kqnuu aiuqjk aiuqjkeij eijuu j `f `jsgf `jsgf an `j e~nsaj e~nsaj++ N` pjeink pjeinkqn qn ufuqin ufuqinkn kn ~k n}qsn n}qsnlf lf pfkiékaf pfkiékaf`f `f nk `j p~kqj an u~ kjsix y n` fqsf nuqj bihf, p~nan p~nan nuqjs jljssjaf jljssjaf nk `j pnsi``j an ~kj p~nsqj f `f p~nan ufuqnkns n` n}jlikjafs+ FCHNQIRF8 Anujssf``js Anujssf``js `j efkeinkeij an efkrnsgnkeij efkrnsgnkeij y airnsgnkeij+ airnsgnkeij+ Anujssf``js `j mjci`iaja an efkrnsgnkeij rf`~kqjsij y kfslj`ixjs n` p~kqf psõ}ilf an efkrnsgnkeij+ ‣
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NZ^I_F 8 E~nsaj an Csfed ‣
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QNEKIEJ8
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Bihjs `j e~nsaj j `j pnsi``j an ~kj p~nsqj, j `j pjsna f cink `f p~nan ufuqnkns ~kj pnsufkj+ N` pjeinkqn ufuqinkn ~k n}qsnlf an `j e~nsaj ef`feêkaf`f ef`feêkaf`f nk `j p~kqj an `j kjsix j` kirn` an `fu fhfu Ef`fejs Ef`fejs `j nubnsj nubnsj % : j >? el an `j `j kjsix+ kjsix+ Ef`fejs Ef`fejs `j nubnsj nubnsj %3 %3 j >? el an `j psilnsj y `j nubnsj % 5 j >? el+ an `j ikqnslnaij+ Un pian j` pjeinkqn z~n fcunsrn ~kj an `ju nubnsju y z~n snpfsqn `f z~n rn+ Anciaf j `j efkeinkeij an aip`fpij biuif`õgiej n` pjeinkqn snpfsqjsê z~n `ju nubnsju nk `ju e~j`nu kf nuqê bihjkaf un jpsneijk afc`nu j` ig~j` z~n `j e~nsaj+ Nkbfejs Nkbfejs `j nubnsj nubnsj lêu lêu j`nhjaj j`nhjaj y pnseici pnseiciss `j aip`fpi aip`fpij j biuif` biuif`õgie õgiej j e~yfu e~yfu qsjxfu qsjxfu bfsljafu pfs `j afc`n e~nsaj un es~xjk ufcsn `j nubnsj lêu j`nhjaj+ Ljkqnkns `j bihjeiõk pfs `f lnkfu > j :? ung~kafu+ Bihjs&nkbfejs `j nubnsj nubnsj an` an` lnaif lnaif y pnseicis `j ‐]“ ‐]“ efk `j nubnsj nubnsj ikqnslnaij ikqnslnaij nk n` n` enkqsf an `j ‐]“+ ljkqnkns `j bihjeiõk y `j efkeinkeij an aip`fpij a~sjkqn > j :? ung~kafu+ @~ngf @~ngf nkbfejs nkbfejs `j nubnsj nubnsj an ensej ensej y pnseici pnseiciss `j iljgnk iljgnk z~n es~xj es~xj nk `j nubnsj nubnsj a~sjkqn > j :? ung+ J` bikj`ixjs nuqn pjuf un snj`ixõ ~k eie`f+ Snj`ixjs n` psfenailinkqf jkqnsifs pfs 3? eie`fu+ @j lnqj pjsj `j efkrnsgnkei efkrnsgnkeij j nu ef`fejs ef`fejs `j psilnsj nubnsj nubnsj ~kfu = el, el, `j ung~kaj ung~kaj j ~kfu 5? 5? el+ y `j ø`qilj j ~kfu 2? el+ f lêu ensej ensej y z~n p~naj eflp`nqjs eflp`nqjs ejaj eie`f bêei`lnkqn+ _jsj `j airnsgnkeij8 airnsgnkeij8 nlpnxjs efk `j nubnsj %5 ef`fejaj j` bikj` an `j e~nsaj, e~nsaj, `j %3 j 5? el jan`jkqn y `j %: j 5?el jan`jkqn y snpnqis n` psfenailinkqf jkqnsifs+ Ui n` pjeinkqn qinkn aibie~`qja aibie~`qja nk snj`ixjs n` nhnseieif, nhnseieif, lfaibiejs `j aiuqjkeij, aiuqjkeij, pnsliqis j` pjeinkqn z~n z~n qfz~n `j e~nsaj f cink ~qi`ixjs ~qi`ixjs `nkqnu kngjqirfu pjsj nuqil~`js nuqil~`js `j efkrnsgnkeij+
SNU^@QJAFU8 Un jkfqjk `ju aiuqjkeiju j `ju z~n un ef`fejk `ju nubnsju j `ju z~n n` pjeinkqn p~nan mjens n` nhnseieif efssneqjlnkqn -uik u~psnuiõk) ‣
CJSSN@ EJSA ANUESI_EIFK8 Nu ~kj qjshnqj c`jkej efk qsnu big~sju nk bfslj an cjssi` an ef`fsnu nk ejaj ejsj an `j qjshnqj nk ~k `jaf ufk rnsanu y nk n` fqsf ufk sfhfu+ ‣
FCHNQIRF8 Anujssf``js Anujssf``js an `j mjci`iaja an `j efkrnsgnkeij ‣
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QNEKIEJ8 N` pjeinkqn ufuqinkn `j ejsqi``j pngjaj j `j kjsix nk n` cfsan z~n qinkn lêu psõ}ilju `ju big~sju lêu pnz~núju+ Bihjs&nkbfejs n` cjssi` lêu j`nhjaf es~xjs `fu fhfu y h~kqjs `fu cjssi`nu sfhf y rnsan nk ~kf uf`f+ N` pjeinkqn ancn kfqjs z~n n` cjssi` b~uifkjaf nu uil~`qêknjlnkqn uil~`qêknjlnkqn liqja sfhf liqja rnsan+ N` uig~inkqn ejlcif an nkbfz~n nu an` cjssi` j`nhjaf j` cjssi` an `j liqja y fqsj rnx je`jsjs`f y b~uifkjs`f rinkaf liqja sfhf liqja rnsan+ Bikj`lnkqn bihjs n` cjssi` lêu pnz~núf y snpnqis n` psfenailinkqf Sflpns b~uiõk y nkbfejs ~k nuqil~`f j `f `nhfu+ ^k eie`f efkuiuqn nk b~uifkjs n` cjssi` an `nhfu, `~ngf n` an `j liqja, `~ngf n` lêu psõ}ilf y j` bikj` sflpns lisjkaf j `f `nhfu+ ‣
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@j lnqj nu eflp`nqjs 3? eie`fu ljkqnkinkaf nkbfejafu y b~uifkjafu `fu cjssi`nu efk lìkilj lf`nuqij fe~`js+ SNU^@QJAFU8 Jkfqjs n` kølnsf an eie`fu eflp`nqfu z~n `fgsn mjens n` pjeinkqn nk ejaj unuiõk+
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CJSSJ AN _SIULJU ,
FCHNQIRF8 Lnhfsjs jlp`iq~a y b`n}ici`iaja an rnsgnkeiju b~uifkj`nu+ b~uifkj`nu+
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NZ^I_F8 Cjssj an psiulju Fpqfqipf an bihjeiõk
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QÉEKIEJ8 N` pjeinkqn fcunsrj ~k fpqfqipf an bihjeiõk, p~nan uns ~kj `nqsj jiu`jaj õ ~kj `ìknj rnsqiej` an `nqsju y ljkqinkn `j `j bihjeiõk+ bihjeiõk+ @j aiuqjkeij an bihjeiõk p~nan uns rjsijc`n ungøk n` ejuf nh+ :lq+ 3 õ 5 lnqsfu nqe+ Un ef`fej `j cjssj an psiulju bsnkqn j ~kf an `fu fhfu yj unj kjuj` õ cjun qnlpfsj`, anpnkan an `f z~n un z~insj nhnseiqjs+ Un ikesnlnkqj gsja~j`lnkqn `j pfqnkeij an` psiulj mjuqj z~n n` pjeinkqn snpfsqj aip`fpij+ Jkfqjs n` rj`fs an` psiulj efk n` z~n un fcq~rf `j aip`fpij+ Efk Efk n` psiu psiulj lj an`jk an`jkqn qn an ~kf ~kf an `fu `fu fhfu, fhfu, pnais pnais j` pjein pjeinkqn kqn z~n z~n snpfs snpfsqn qn n` lflnkqf nk n` z~n sne~pnsj `j b~uiõk y snqisjs n` psiulj+ Ui n}iuqn aibie~`qja nk sne~pnsjs `j b~uiõk, aiulik~is n` pfans an` psiulj+ Snj`ixjs Snj`ixjs n` psfenailinkqf :? rnenu, n` qinlpf an sne~pnsjeiõk sne~pnsjeiõk an `j b~uiõk ancnsê ancnsê uns ejaj rnx lêu sêpiaf+ Ikesnlnkqjs n` pfans an` psiulj y snj`ixjs n` liulf psfenailinkqf+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8
Jkfqjs n` rj`fs lêu j`qf fcqnkiaf nk Cjun kjuj` y Cjun qnlpfsj`+ Aiuqjkeij j `j z~n un snj`ixõ snj`ixõ `j ps~ncj+ ps~ncj+
RNEQFGSJLJU+ Aiupfuiqi Aiupfuiqirfu rfu rneqfgsjbi rneqfgsjbiefu efu nk qsjkupjsn qsjkupjsnkeij keijuu anu`ixjc anu`ixjc`nu `nu z~n efk n` ~uf an bi`qsfu bi`qsfu pf`jsixjafu psnunkqjk nuqìl~`fu nuqnsnfueõpiefu z~n jeqøjk qjkqf nk snqikj pnsibésiej eflf nk snqikj enkqsj` uinkaf ~k nuqil~`f b~nsqn pjsj `j b~uiõk+ FCHNQIRF Ikesnlnkqjs `j jlp`iq~a an rnsgnkeij b~uifkj` pfuiqirj y kngjqirj, aiulik~is `j `jqnkeij an `j snup~nuqj b~uifkj`, ikesnlnkqjs `j b`n}ici`iaja an rnsgnkeij b~uifkj`+ ‣
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QNEKIEJ8
Un ef`fej n` rneqfgsjlj nk n` pfsqjrneqfgsjlju j ~kj aiuqjkeij an 1? el an` pjeinkqn, ~ujkaf ~kfu bi`qsfu pf`jsixjafu+
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_jsj _jsj anljk anljkajs ajs airns airnsgnk gnkeij eij,, un anu`i anu`ixj xj `j qsjkup qsjkupjsn jsnkei keij j an qj` ljknsj ljknsj z~n z~n jpjsnxejk `ju `nqsju nk `j cjkaj an lnaieiõk -cjun kjuj`) y pjsj efkrnsgnkeij, `fu kølnsfu -cjun qnlpfsj`)+ Un `n pian j` pjeinkqn z~n ljkqnkgj `j iljgnk unkei``j y snpfsqn e~jkaf un rnj afc`n+ E~jkaf n` pjeinkqn rnj afc`n jkiljs`f j z~n qsjqn an b~uifkjs `ju ilêgnknu y ui kf nu pfuic`n, aiulik~is `j anljkaj an rnsgnkeij+ Ikesnlnkqjs n` rj`fs an rnsgnkeij ungøk p~naj b~uifkjs n` pjeinkqn+ Mjens n` nhnseieif pfs rjsifu lik~qfu+ Lfkiqfsnjs n` nhnseieif nuqjc`neinkaf `j psnunkeij an `j jpsneijeiõk an snup~nuqj ‐UI@F“8 -Ulj``, Ik8 Nk Nk n` ejuf an efkrnsgnkeij efkrnsgnkeij y @jsgn, F~q8 _jsj _jsj airnsgnkeij+) airnsgnkeij+) Janlêu psneiujs `fej`ixjeiõk y j~unkeij an u~psnuiõk+ ‣
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SNU^@QJAFU8
Un jkfqjk `fu rj`fsnu rj`fsnu an cjun kjuj` y cjun qnlpfsj` qnlpfsj` nk `fu z~n n` pjeinkqn p~naj p~naj ljkqnkns y snefcsjs b~uiõk+
EISE^@FU N]ENKQSIEFU & UJ@RJRIAJU Nu ~kj qéekiej an b~uiõk nk nupjeif jcinsqf, pjsj nuqn nhnseieif kf un knenuiqjk ki `nkq `nkqnu nu ki jkqn jkqnfh fhfu fu f psiu psiulj lju, u, n` pjei pjeink nkqn qn b~ui b~uifk fkj j efkr efkrns nsgi gink nkaf af y airn airnsg sgin inka kaf f rf`~kqjsijlnkqn rf`~kqjsijlnkqn y `fu nuqìl~`fu qinknk efkqsf`nu jkqiu~psnuiõk jkqiu~psnuiõk y an jeflfajeiõk+ E~jkaf n` pjeinkqn qsjcjhj efkrnsgnkeij n` fhf ansnemf rn é` nuqil~`f an `j ixz~insaj y n` fhf ixz~insaf n` nuqil~`f an `j ansnemj+ E~jkaf n` pjeinkqn efkrnsgn nk n` p`jkf jane~jaf `ju afu ilêgnknu an` enkqsf un ufcsnp ufcsnpfkn fknk k y n` pjein pjeinkqn kqn efkui efkuig~n g~n b~uiõ b~uiõk k j~kz~ j~kz~n n qjlci qjlciék ék pnsei pnseicis cisê ê fqsju fqsju afu afu ilêgnknu, ~kj j `j ansnemj y `j fqsj j `j ixz~insaj an `j iljgnk b~uifkjaj+ Anciaf j `j n}enkq n}enkqsie sieia iaja ja an `fu eìse~` eìse~`fu fu ikqns ikqnskfu kfu an `fu `fu nuqìl~ nuqìl~`f `fuu un esnj esnj ~kj aiupj aiupjsia siaja ja snqikijkj, psfrfejkaf `j ilpsnuiõk an psfb~kaiaja+ Nuqj qéekiej kf qinkn kikg~kj nuej`j psiulêqiej pjsj ikaiejs `j ejkqiaja an `j anljkaj psiulêqiej+ ‣
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J~lnkqjs `j jlp`iq~a an rnsgnkeij b~uifkj` J~lnkqjs `j rn`feiaja an snup~nuqj an `j rnsgnkeij b~uifkj` ‣
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NZ^I_F8
Eìse~`fu n}eékqsiefu & uj`rjriaju ‣
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FCHNQIRF8
QNEKIEJ8
@ju qjshnqju un ufuqinknk j 1? el+ Un `n pian j` pjeinkqn z~n ikqnkqn es~xjs u~u fhfu y unkqis z~n nuqj fcunsrjkaf lju ensej+ Ui kf `f p~na p~nan n mjen mjenss an ljkn ljknsj sj rf`~ rf`~kq kqjs jsij ij,, jy~a jy~ajs js efk efk ~k jp~k jp~kqj qjaf afss pjsj pjsj anlfuqsjs n` p~kqf afkan ancn efkrnsgns pjsj efkung~is b~uiõk+ Ikaiejs j` pjeinkqn z~n e~jkaf efkuigj `j b~uiõk rj j fcunsrjs qsnu eìse~`fu pnsf z~n un ancn efkenkqsjs nk `fu an` enkqsf n igkfsjs `fu `jqnsj`nu+ _sng~kqjs jensej an` eìse~`f an` enkqsf, ancnsê ikaiejs z~n fcunsrj afu eìse~`fu, ~kf lêu gsjkan z~n n` fqsf y n` gsjkan jpjsnen lju ensej an é`+ Ancnsê qjlciék qjlciék fcunsrjs fcunsrjs `j iljgnk iljgnk nkbfejaj+
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Nu ilpfsqjkqn z~n n` pjeinkqn unj efkueinkqn an `j ilpsnuiõk an psfb~kaiaja yj z~n `n unsrisê an snqsfj`ilnkqjeiõk+ ^kj rnx z~n un mj efkung~iaf b~uiõk, ancnsê ljkqnknsun pfs :? ung~kafu, `~ngf fcunsrjs j `f `nhfu y rf`rns j b~uifkjs `f lêu sêpiaf pfuic`n, snpnqis 3? rnenu n` nhnseieif+ _jsj j~lnk j~lnkqjs qjs `j aibie~` aibie~`qja qja an `j `j ps~ncj ps~ncj un p~nank p~nank unpjs unpjsjs js `ju ilêgn ilêgnknu knu ~k enkqìlnqsf y snpnqis n` nhnseieif an `j liulj ljknsj mjuqj z~n efkuigj b~uifkjs efk `ju qjshnqju q jshnqju unpjsjaju jpsf}iljajlnkqn jpsf}iljajlnkqn :3 el+ @fu liulfu psfenailinkqfu un ~ujk pjsj airnsgnkeij, n}enpqf z~n n` pjeinkqn ancn nkbfejs nkbfejs anqsêu an` p`jkf p`jkf an `ju `ju qjshnqju+ Ui nu aibìei` efkung~is `j b~uiõk un `n p~nan jy~ajs j` pjeinkqn ef`fejkaf ~k p~kqf an bihjeiõk an `nhfu y pnais j` pjeinkqn z~n `f fcunsrn linkqsju nu efkueinkqn an z~n qjlciék fcunsrj qsnu eìse~`fu, `fu e~j`nu nuqjsêk ef`fejafu j 3> el an` pjeinkqn+ _jsj `j airnsgnkeij airnsgnkeij `j lê}ilj unpjsjeiõk unpjsjeiõk an `ju qjshnqju unsê an 2 j = el+ Bikj`ixjs n` nhnseieif e~jkaf n` pjeinkqn p~naj snj`ixjs b~uiõk y efkrnsgnkeij pfs :? ung~kafu y pjujs j b ~uiõk y airnsgnkeij pfs :? ung~kafu+ _nais z~n j`qnskn pfs rjsifu lik~qfu+ Qnslikjs n` nhnseieif e~jkaf p~naj j`qnskjs 3? eie`fu pfs lik~qf efk `ju qjshnqju unpjsjaju `f lê}ilf pfuic`n+
SNG@J AN J_NSQ^SJ J aibnsnkeij an fqsju qéekieju kf un snz~insn an bi`qsfu pf`jsixjafu yj z~n `j b~uiõk fe~ssn j qsjréu an ~k psfenuf efkfeiaf eflf b~uiõk z~ijuqfpiej -cjun n}qnskj) z~n un psnunkqj e~jkaf `fu nhnu riu~j`nu an` pjeinkqn un es~xjk nk sn`jeiõk j `j aiuqjkeij an bihjeiõk an `ju qjshnqju z~n un nuqêk ~qi`ixjkaf+ Nk `j b~uiõk fsqfpiej -cjun ikqnskj) `fu nhnu riu~j`nu nuqêk anues~xjafu nk sn`jeiõk j `j aiuqjkeij an bihjeiõk an `ju qjshnqju+ N` jpjsjqf qinkn bfslj an sng`j, afu jcnsq~sju an p`êuqief, ~kf efk ~kj jcnsq~sj uilp`n y fqsj efk ~kj jcnsq~sj afc`n+ Afen qjshnqju efk aiuqikqju aiupjsiajanu aiupjsiajanu an 3+> j 5? a+ p+ Un ~qi`ixjk `ju liulju qjshnqju pjsj `j efkrnsgnkeij y airnsgnkeij uf`f z~n pjsj `j efkrnsgnkeij un ~qi`ixj `j jcnsq~sj uilp`n y pjsj `j airnsgnkeij `j jcnsq~sj afc`n+ @ju qjshnqju ufk ~kj eflcikjeiõk an` ung~kaf y qnsens gsjaf an b~uiõk, ejaj ~kj qinkn efkqsf`nu jkqiu~psnuifk y jeflfajeiõk `fu e~j`nu ufk l~y ilpfsqjkqnu pjsj `j snqsfj`ilnkqjeifk an` pjeinkqn y n` n}jlikjafs p~nan ujcns `j psneiuiõk an `ju snup~nuqju an` pjeinkqn+ @j qéekiej nuqj aiunújaj pjsj snj`ixjsun j 1? el+ @j qjshnqj k~lnsf ~kf snpsnunkqj ~kj anljkaj an 3+> a+p+, `j unpjsjeiõk an `fu nuqìl~`fu nk `j qjshnqj afen nu an :3 el y `j anljkaj an rnsgnkeij nu an 5? a+p+ @ju qjshnqju nuqêk aiunújaju an qj` ljknsj z~n n` k~lnsf an ejaj qjshnqj snpsnunkqj `j aiuqjkeij nk el+ nkqsn `fu enkqsfu an `ju qjshnqju, pfs `f qjkqf, pjsj anqnslikjs `j anljkaj psiulêqiej an e~j`z~ins qjshnqj, uf`f un l~`qip`iej n` k~lnsf an `j qjshnqj pfs 3+> FCHNQIRF8 J~lnkqjs `j jlp`iq~a an rnsgnkeij b~uifkj` pfuiqirj y kngjqirj J~lnkqjs `j rn`feiaja an `j snup~nuqj an `j rnsgnkeij b~uifkj`
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NZ^I_F8 Sng`j an jpnsq~sj y qjshnqju
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B`ippnsu efk `nkqnu y psiulju _~kqnsf QNEKIEJ8 Ef`fejs `j jcnsq~sj unkei``j nk `j ljsej an` kølnsf 3 an `j sng`j an jpnsq~sj+ @ju qjshnqju nk n` `~gjs unúj`jaf nk `ju psfpiju qjshnqju+ Eflnkxjs efk `j qjshnqj k~lnsf 3+ N` pjeinkqn ef`fej `j sng`j nk `j p~kqj an `j kjsix+ _sng~kqjs j` pjeinkqn `f z~n fcunsrj efk `fu afu fhfu jcinsqfu, `ju snup~nuqju p~nank is anuan aip`fpij, u~psnuiõk f ~kj iljgnk uilp`n b~uifkjaj+ ^kj rnx z~n un efkuig~n b~uiõk, psng~kqjs ufcsn `j e`jsiaja an `j iljgnk, `fu efkqsf`nu jkqiu~psnuifk jkqiu~psnuifk y ui jpsneij `j psfb~kaiaja nk `fu eìse~`fu+ N}p`iejs j` pjeinkqn z~n n` fchnqirf an` nhnseieif nu efkung~is ~kj riuiõk kìqiaj y uilp`n+ _nais _nais j` pjein pjeinkqn kqn z~n ljkqnkgj ljkqnkgj `j b~uiõ b~uiõk k pfs pfs :? ung~ka ung~kafu, fu, lisjs lisjs j `f `nhfu `nhfu lflnkqêknjlnkqn y r~n`rj j ikqnkqjs efkung~is `j b~uiõk qjk sêpiaf eflf p~naj+ Nuqn psfenailinkqf un ancn snpnqis rjsiju rnenu jkqnu an pjujs j `j uig~inkqn qjshnqj+ E~jkaf un snj`ixj n` ejlcif an qjshnqj ef`fejs`j nk `j pfuieiõk efssnupfkainkqn y un snpiqn qfaf n` psfenailinkqf+ psfenailinkqf+ Nk `j qnsjpij q nsjpij an airnsgnkeij `fu psfenailinkqfu gnknsj`nu ufk `fu liulfu n}enpqf z~n `j jcnsq~sj unkei``j un u~uqiq~yn pfs `j jcnsq~sj afc`n+ Bikj`ixjs n` nhnseieif e~jkaf n` pjeinkqn nu ejpjx an efkung~is riuiõk kìqiaj y uilp`n efk `ju afen qjshnqju pjsj efkrnsgnkeij efkrnsgnkeij y mjuqj `j qjshnqj 2 nk airnsgnkeij+ ‣
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_SFGSJLJU NK EFL_^QJAFSJ ^kf ^kf an `fu ejlcifu ejlcifu lêu ilpfsq ilpfsqjk jkqnu qnu nk n` nz~ipf nz~ipf an qnsjpij qnsjpij riu~j` riu~j` mj uiaf uiaf `j ikqsfa~eeiõk an psfgsjlju psfgsjlju nk eflp~qjafsj, eflp~qjafsj, ufk ianj`nu ianj`nu pjsj esnjs `fu nuqìl~`fu y `j `j rjsijci`iaja rjsijci`iaja knenujsij nk `ju qéekieju an qnsjpij riu~j`+ Jeq~j`lnkqn n}iuqn ~kj gsjk rjsinaja an psfgsjlju pjsj qnsjpij riu~j`, z~n jcjsejk nk u~ ljyfsìj `fu psfenailinkqfu pjsj nkqsnkjs lfrilinkqfu fe~`jsnu an ujeêaiefu, ung~ilinkqf, ung~ilinkqf, jupneqfu jeflfajqirfu, jeflfajqirfu, an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeij b~uifkj`, léqfafu jkqiu~psnuiõk jkqiu~psnuiõk y an effsaikjeiõk fhf ljkf z~n pnsliqnk j` n}jlikjafs rjsijs ~k jlp`if sjkgf an pjsêlnqsfu y sngiuqsjs `fu psfgsnufu an ljknsj psneiuj+ Nuqj mjci`iaja an rjsijs `fu nuqìl~`fu kfu pnsliqn eflnkxjs `j qnsjpij j ~k kirn` afkan n` pjeinkqn p~nan snj`ixjs n` nhnseieif nk bfslj nbieinkqn y gsja~j`lnkqn j~lnkqjs `j anljkaj+
EFL_^QNS FSQMF_QIEU RQU 5 Lnk~ psikeipj` RNSGNKEN SFQJQIFK , L^@QI_@N EMFIEN RNSGNKEN , H^L_ A^EQIFK , JEEFLLFAJQIRN SFED
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LFQFS BIN@A _S^U^IQU UJEEJAIE RIU^J@ LNLFSY RIU^J@ QSJEIKG
L^@QI_@N EMFIEN RNSGNKEN Rnsgnkeij an Fpeiõk lø`qip`n8 ‣
FCHNQIRF8
Ikesnlnkqjs jlp`iq~a an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeij b~uifkj` mfsixfkqj` mfsixfkqj` y rnsqiej`+ Qfaju `ju ilêgnknu qinknk e`jrnu efk nuqìl~`fu nuqnsnfueõpiefu nuqnsnfueõpiefu z~n uf`f p~nank fcunsrjsun ui un qinkn bihjeiõk cibfrnj`+ ‣
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QÉEKIEJ8
N` pjeinkqn ~qi`ixj bi`qsfu sfhf jx~` Nu ikuqs~iaf ikuqs~iaf j lfrns n` ‐hfyuqied“ nk `j aisneeiõk aisneeiõk nk `j z~n fcunsrj fcunsrj n` nuqìl~`f nuqìl~`f nk qnsensj ailnkuiõk -jssicj, jcjhf, ansnemj f ixz~insaj)+ ixz~insaj)+ @j eflp~qjafsj eflp~qjafsj pnsliqn j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn ~kfu ung~kafu ung~kafu pjsj ikaiejs ikaiejs `j snup~nuqj+ Ui `j snup~nuqj snup~nuqj nu efssneqj efssneqj un nue~emjsê nue~emjsê ~k ufkiaf ufkiaf y `j anljkaj anljkaj an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeij j~lnkqjsê+ Ui `j snup~nuqj nu ikefssneqj un nue~emjsê ~k ufkiaf aiuqikqf y `j anljkaj an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeij aiulik~isê+ aiulik~isê+ Ui n` pjeinkqn kf fcunsrj fcunsrj n` nuqìl~`f un ljsej eflf nssfs y `j anljkaj aiulik~yn j~qflêqiejlnkqn+ @ju fpeifknu p~nank uns8 Cjun ik8 Cjun kjuj` kjuj` -airnsgn -airnsgnkeij keij)8 )8 Nuqil~`j Nuqil~`j j` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn j sn`jhjs sn`jhjs u~u fhfu y rns lêu `nhfu, nu aneis, aneis, snj`ixjs ~k lfrilinkqf lfrilinkqf an airnsgnkeij airnsgnkeij y ljkqnkns `j iljgnk iljgnk nkbfejaj+ Cjun f~q, f~q, Cjun qnlpfsj` -efkrnsgnkeij)8 -efkrnsgnkeij)8 Nuqil~`j Nuqil~`j j` pjeinkqn j es~xjs `fu `fu fhfu, fhfu, nu aneis j efkrnsgns efkrnsgns y ljkqnkns `j iljgnk iljgnk nkbfejaj+ nkbfejaj+ @ju ilêgnknu z~n un ~qi`ixjk p~nank qnkns aibnsnkqn gsjaf an aibie~`qja, anuan pnsenpeiõk uil~`qêknj, uil~`qêknj, b~uiõk f nuqnsnfpuiu+ Un p~nan anqnslikjs n` qinlpf nk lik~qfu z~n a~sj n` psfenailinkqf y j` bikj` jpjsnen ~k e~jasf nk n` z~n un l~nuqsjk `fu nssfsnu y n` kirn` j`ejkxjaf+ Jkfqjs n` rj`fs an` kirn` lêu j`qf
H^L_ A^EQIFK Uj`qf an a~eeiõk8 ‣
FCHNQIRF8
Ikesnlnkqjs b`n}ici`iaja b`n}ici`iaja an rnsgnkeiju b~uifkj`nu b~uifkj`nu mfsixfkqj`nu y rnsqiej`nu+ rnsqiej`nu+ ‣
QNEKIEJ8
N` nhnseieif nhnseieif nu uili`js uili`js j` an rnsgnkei rnsgnkeij j an fpeiõk fpeiõk lø`qip`n, lø`qip`n, un ~qi`ixjk ~qi`ixjk `ju liulju liulju ilêg ilêgnk nknu nu,, bi`q bi`qsf sfuu sfhf sfhf jx~` jx~` , `j aibn aibnsn snke keij ij nu z~n z~n nk `~gj `~gjss an ikesn ikesnln lnkq kqjs js gsja~j`lnkqn gsja~j`lnkqn `fu sjkgfu sjkgfu an rnsgnkeij rnsgnkeij nk cjun kjuj` kjuj` f qnlpfsj`, qnlpfsj`, n` psfgsjlj psfgsjlj snj`ixj j`qnskjajlnkqn j`qnskjajlnkqn `j cjun kjuj` y qnlpfsj` `f e~j` ikesnlnkqj `j aibie~`qja an `j ps~ncj+ Jkfqjs n` rj`fs an` kirn` lêu j`qf+
JEEFLLFAJQIRN SFED Sfed Jeflfajqirf8 ‣
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FCHNQIRF8
Lnhfsjs `j jlp`iq~a y bjei`iaja jeflfajqirj+ jeflfajqirj+ -Rn`feiaja y snup~nuqj)+
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QÉEKIEJ8
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Un ef`fej ef`fej ~kj `nkqn pfuiqirj bsnkqn j` fhf ansnemf ansnemf y ~kj `nkqn `nkqn kngjqirj kngjqirj bsnkqn j` fhf ixz~insaf y bi`qsfu sfhf jxø` Un l~nuqsjk e~jqsf e~jasfu z~n uf`f un fcunsrjk efk ~k fhf, ejaj ~kf qinkn ~k pnz~núf p~kqf, n` fchnqirf pjsj n` pjeinkqn nu je`jsjs `j iljgnk an` p~kqf y lfrns n` ‐hfyuqied“ nk aisneeiõk j `j pfuieiõk an` p~kqf -jssicj, jcjhf, ansnemj, ixz~insaj)+ ^kj rnx je`jsjaf je`jsjafuu `fu e~jqsf e~jqsf p~kqf p~kqfu, u, jpjsn jpjsnenk enk fqsfu 1 e~jas e~jasfu fu z~n unsêk fcunsrjafu jmfsj efk n` fhf ixz~insaf, snj`ixjs n` liulf psfenailinkqf+ ^kj rnx z~n un qnslikj n` nhnseieif ejlcijs ejlcijs n` `nkqn pfuiqirf j` fhf ixz~insaf ixz~insaf y n` kngjqirf j` ansnemf y snpnqis n` psfenailinkqf+ Ui `j anljkaj jeflfajqirj jeflfajqirj nu l~y j`qj j`qj n` pjeinkqn ikieij ikieij l~y cink pnsf un bjqigj sêpiajlnkqn+ sêpiajlnkqn+ Un u~ginsn `j uig~inkqn uig~inkqn une~nkeij8 une~nkeij8 $?+>? $?+7> $:+?? $:+3> $:+>? $:+7> $3+?? $3+3> $3+>?
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:+?? 3+?? 5+?? 5+>? 1+?? 1+>? >+?? >+>? 2+??
Un sneflinkaj ejlcijs `j anljkaj ~kj rnx z~n un mj fcqnkiaf pfs `f lnkfu ~k =?. an snup~nuqju snup~nuqju efssneqju pjsj ejaj fhf f cink cink :: epl+ Jkfqjs8 _fsenkqjhn pjsj ejaj fhf y n` psflnaif an eie`fu pfs lik~qf+
_^SU^IQU Ung~ilinkqf8 ‣
FCHNQIRF8
Lnhfsjs n}jeqiq~a y rn`feiaja rn`feiaja an lfrilinkqfu an ung~ilinkqf, ung~ilinkqf, effsaikjeiõk effsaikjeiõk fhf ljkf, qnsjpij jkqiu~psnuiõk y qnsjpij an jlc`ifpìj+ QÉEKIEJ8 ^k fhf fcunsrj ~kj ~kj iljgnk y n` fqsf fcunsrj fqsj fqsj aibnsnkqn+ aibnsnkqn+ N` fchnqirf pjsj n` pjeinkqn pjeinkqn nu lfrns n` lf~un lf~un pjsj ljkqnkns ~kj iljgnk ankqsf ankqsf an `j fqsj+ _nsenpeiõk uil~`qêknj _jsj _jsj ikesnl ikesnlnkq nkqjs js `j aibie~ aibie~`qj `qja a an `j ps~nc ps~ncj j un j~lnk j~lnkqj qj `j rn`fei rn`feiaja aja an lfrilinkqf an `j iljgnk+ Rn`feiaja Rn`feiaja :9 , : nu `j rn`feiaja rn`feiaja lêu `nkqj y 9 `j lêu sêpiaj A~sjeiõk nk lik~qfu+ @ju ilêgnknu un p~nank lfrns an ansnemj j ixz~insaj f rienrnsuj, nk aisneeiõk j `ju ljknei``ju ljknei``ju an` sn`fh, nk aisneeiõk aisneeiõk efkqsjsij efkqsjsij f j` jxjs+ Jkfqjs8 _fsenkqjhn fcqnkiaf+ ‣
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UJEEJAIEU Ujeêaiefu8 FCHNQIRF8 Nkqsnkjlinkqf an rn`feiaja y n}jeqiq~a an lfrilinkqfu ujeêaiefu efk efkqsf` an u~psnuiõk+ _~nan uns ~qi`ixjaf eflf aijgkõuqief aijgkõuqief y qsjqjlinkqf+
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QÉEKIEJ8 N` fchnqir fchnqirf f pjsj pjsj n` pjein pjeinkqn kqn nu lfrns n` ‐hfyuqi ‐hfyuqied“ ed“ nk aisneei aisneeiõk õk j `j b`nemj b`nemj fcunsrjaj+ N}iuqnk aibnsnkqnu fpeifknu an iljgnk pjsj ejlcijs `fu pjsêlnqsfu - b`nemju f `nqsju) an qjljúf - gsjkan, lnaijkf, lnaijkf, pnz~núf)+ pnz~núf)+ Ui `j iljgnk nu ~kj `nqsj, n` pjeinkqn ancnsê qne`njs `f lêu sêpiajlnkqn pfuic`n `j `nqsj z~n fcunsrõ+ Jkfqj Jkfqjs8 s8 _fsen _fsenkqj kqjhn hn fcqnki fcqnkiaf af y qinlpf qinlpf an snup~nuq snup~nuqj, j, un efkuia efkuiansj nsj ~k c~nk psflnaif n` =?. y ~k +2> an qinlpf an snup~nuqj ‣
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