TIPS FOR PET WRITING Presenter: Nguyen Ngoc Bao Address: Military Science Academy Email:
[email protected]
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Outline
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What’ss in Writing (Parts 1-2)? What’
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing (letter)
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing (story)
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General tips for Writing
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What’s •
in Writing (Parts 1-2)?
Part 1 sentence transformation 5 pairs of sentences linked by theme or topic. The second sentence has a gap which you must fill using words of phrases. phrases. The second sentence must mean exactly the same as the first. o 2 marks for each correct answer o
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Part 2 extended writing o
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1 question from a choice of a letter to a friend or a story (approximately 100 - 12 1200 words words)) Total number of marks = 20
Total writing mark = 30 Time allowance: C
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What’s in •
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Writing (Parts 11-2)?
In Part 1 you are given marks for accuracy - you must write the the correct answer answer.. In Part 2 you are given marks for: o range of grammar o range of vocabulary o organisation of ideas o accuracy o register o spelling and punctuation.
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation •
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TIP: Make sure that the second sentence, once you have filled in the gap, means the same as the first sentence. EXAMPLES: Here are some examples (with answers) of Part 1 Writing questions. 1. The concert concert tickets tickets were cheaper cheaper than Maria Maria expected. expected. The concert tickets were not The concert tickets were not as ...expensive as... Maria expected. Explanation: cheaper than = not as expensive as 2. Toby’s house is near the park. Toby's house is not Toby's house is not ...far from... the park. Explanation: near = not far from C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation 3. Our football coach told us to train harder. harder. We were....................................................................... We were... told to train harder by our football coach Explanation: our coach told us = we were told by our coach 4. It isn’t necessary to bring mobiles on the camping trip. You don’t ……………………………………………. You don’t… d on’t… need to bring mobiles on the camping trip.
Explanation: it isn’t necessary = you don’t need to
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation •
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TIP: Make sure that you have written complete sentences. If you do not, you may lose marks. EXAMPLES: Here are some examples (with answers) of Part 1 Writing questions. 1. Alex had not been camping before. This was ……………………………………………. This was…. the first time Alex had been camping. This was ……… first time that Alex had been been camping. Explanation: It is impossible to write the sentence without “the”. 2. The pool is only a five- minute walk from Peter’s house. It takes Peter five minutes ………………………………………… It takes Peter five minutes to walk to the pool. It takes Peter five minutes to go ……… to the pool. It takes Peter five minutes to go on foot to the pool. Explanation: The options mean the same but ‘to go on foot’ C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 1: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1 The The new new shopp shopping ing centre centre has been been open open for for a week week.. The new shopping centre......................................... centre.............................................................................. ............................................ ....... 2 We spen spentt half half an an hou hourr driv drivin ing g to the the cen centr tre. e. It took us half an hour............................................ hour...................................................................................... .............................................. .... 3 The car car park ark had had five ive lif lifts ts.. There were five lifts.............................................................................................. lifts.............................................................................................. 4 The first first shop shop wa wass so big that that we we got got lost lost in in it. it. We got lost in the first shop............................................ shop................................................................................. ..................................... 5 It was 4.30 4.30 p.m. p.m. wh when en we lef leftt the the cent centre re.. We didn’t leave the centre ................................................................................... C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 1: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1 The The new new shopp shopping ing centre centre has been been open open for a week week.. The new shopping centre (was) opened a week ago. 2 We spen spentt half half an an hour hour dri drivi ving ng to to the the cent centre re.. It took us half an hour to drive to the centre. 3 The car car park had five ive lif lifts ts.. There were five lifts in / inside the car park. 4 The The firs firstt shop shop was so so big big that that we we got got lost lost in in it. it. We got lost in the first shop becau because se it was was so big. 5 It was 4.3 4.300 p.m p.m.. w whe hen nw wee lef leftt the the cent centre re.. We didn’t leave the centre until 4.30 p.m. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 2: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. haven’t taken many photographs with it. 1. So far, I haven’t So far, I’ve only taken a ....................................................................................... 2. My uncle asked me if I would show him my photographs. My uncle said, ‘Please would.............................................................................. 3. He suggested trying a different film. He said, ‘Why....................................................................................................... 4. It would be good if I went on a photography course. I really ought........................................... ought.................................................................................. ............................................................. ...................... 5. My uncle is finding out how much a two-week course costs. My uncle is finding out the.................................................................................. the.................................................................................. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 2: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. haven’t taken many photographs with it. 1. So far, I haven’t of photographs with it. So far, I’ve only taken a few / couple of photographs 2. My uncle asked me if I would show him my photographs. My uncle said, ‘Please would you show me your photographs?’ 3. He suggested trying a different film. He said, ‘Why don’t you try a different film?’ 4. It would be good if I went on a photography course. I really ought to go on a photography course. 5. My uncle is finding out how much a two-week course costs. My uncle is finding out the price of / cost of a two-week course. course. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 3: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1. My friend Martina asked me if I wanted to join her band. Martina asked me ‘Would ‘Would you ……………………………… …………………………………………………… ……………………….. ….. 2. Martina’ Mar tina’ss band started playing concerts concerts two years years ago. Martina’s band ………………………… …………………………..................................... ................................................................... ..................................... ....... 3. Her new band is better than her old one. Her old band was not .............................................. .................................................................................. ......................................................... ..................... 4. Martina’ Mar tina’ss band has six people people in it. There ............................................... ................................................................................... .............................................................................. ................................................ ...... 5. The tickets for their concerts are free. You don’t ………........................................................... ………........................................................................................... ....................................................... ....................... C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 3: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1. My friend Martina asked me if I wanted to join her band. Martina asked me ‘Would ‘Would you like to / care to join my band?’ 2. Martina’ Mar tina’ss band started playing concerts concerts two years years ago. years . Martina’s band has played in concerts for two years. 3. Her new band is better than her old one. Her old band was as / so good as her new one. 4. Martina’ Mar tina’ss band has six people people in it. There are 6 / six (people I members I players / musicians) in Martina’s band. 5. The tickets for their concerts are free. You don’t need / have to pay anything to get into their concerts. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 4: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1. Madonna was the eldest of eight children. Madonna had seven.......................................................... seven.............................................................................................. .................................................... ................ 2. She moved to New York in order to find singing work. She moved to New York.......................................... ork............................................................................... ............................................................. ........................ 3. It didn’t take her long to become famous. She............................................................................... She.......................................... .............................................................................. ............................................................ ................... 4. She has had a long and successful career in singing. She has been a successful..................................... successful............................................................................. ............................................................... ....................... 5. Madonna is possibly the most famous woman in the world. Madonna is possibly.......................................... possibly................................................................................. .................................................................. ........................... C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 4: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1. Madonna was the eldest of eight children. Madonna had seven younger seven younger brothers and sisters. 2. She moved to New York in order to find singing work. She moved to New York because / as / since she wanted to find singing work. 3. It didn’t take her long to become famous. She became famous very quickly quickly.. 4. She has had a long and successful career in singing. She has been a successful singer for a long time. 5. Madonna is possibly the most famous woman in the world. Madonna is possibly (much) more famous / well-known than any other woman in the world. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 5: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1 My frie friend nd told told me she alw always ays went went there there,, so I star started ted goin going g too. too. My friend said, ‘I always……………………………………………………………….. 2 It ha hass bee been n the there re fo forr fou fourr yea years rs.. It has been there................................................................................................................. 3 It stays open until seven o’clock. It........................................................................................................................................... 4 I hav havee my my hai hairr cut cut th ther eree eve every ry six six wee weeks ks The hairdresser................................................................................................................... 5 Men’s haircuts are cheaper than women’s haircuts. Men’s haircuts are …............................................................................... …................................................... ............................ ………………. C
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Writing: Part 1 sentence transformation Example 5: Our trip to the new shopping centre was enjoyable. We enjoyed our trip to the new shopping centre. 1 My frie friend nd told told me she alw always ays went went there there,, so I star started ted goin going g too. too. My friend said, ‘I always go always go there’, so I started going too. 2 It ha hass bee been n the there re fo forr fou fourr yea years rs.. It has been there since four years ago. 3 It stays open until seven o’clock. It doesn’t close until seven o’clock. 4 I hav havee my my hai hairr cut cut th ther eree eve every ry six six wee weeks ks The hairdresser cuts my hair every six weeks. 5 Men’s haircuts are cheaper than women’s haircuts. Men’s haircuts are less exp expens ensive ive than than women’s haircuts. C
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing TIP: Check your letter when you have finished, using a checklist like the one below b elow.. Checklist: 1. Have you you written written about the the topic topic indicated indicated in the the question? question? 2. Have you you made any mistakes mistakes in spelling spelling or grammar? grammar? 3. Have you used a range range of of vocabulary vocabulary?? 4. Have you you written written the the right right number number of words? words? 5. Have Have you writt written en in parag paragrap raphs? hs? 6. Have you linked the points points clearly? clearly? 7. Have you you started started and ended ended your your letter letter in a suitable suitable way? way? 8. Have you you used languag languagee that is suitable suitable for an informal informal letter? letter? C
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing (letter) Exam Advice: 1. Correct Correct punctuat punctuation ion is importa important nt in your writing writing.. Understan Understanding ding punct punctuation uation also helps you when you read. 2. You lose lose marks marks if if you write write under under 100 100 word words. s. 3. In Writing Writing Part 2, it is importa important nt to answer answer the question question and and to give give extra extra information to make your answer interesting. 4. Do thi think nk abou aboutt the the word wordss you you will will use use.. 5. Do try try to make your story interesting interesting by using using differe different nt kinds kinds of words. words. 6. Remember Remember to to join some of of your your sentences sentences to to make your writing writing more more interesting.
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing (story) Exam Advice: 1. Correct Correct punctuati punctuation on is importan importantt in your writing. writing. Understandi Understanding ng punctuati punctuation on also helps helps you you when you read. 2. You lose lose mark markss if you you writ writee under under 100 100 word words. s. 3. In Writin Writingg Part 2, it is importa important nt to answer answer the question question and and to give extra information information to make your answer interesting. 4. Make Make sure sure your your story story has has a good good beginn beginning ing and and endin ending. g. 5. Use adje adjecti ctives ves to make make your your writ writing ing mor moree inter interesti esting. ng. 6. Don’t tell a story which doesn’t fit the sentence you are given. 7. Don’t plan to write a story which needs words you don’t know. 8. Do thi think nk abo about ut the the wor words ds you you wil willl use. use. 9. Do try to make make your your story story interest interesting ing by by using using differ different ent kinds kinds of of words. words. 10. Remember to join some of your your sentences to make your writing writing more interesting. C
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing Example: o This is part of a letter you receive from an English penfriend. I have always wanted to know mover about your favourite sport. Tell me all about it. Why do yow like it? o Now you are writing a letter to tell your friend about your favourite sport.. Write your letter letter in about 100 - 120 words. words. o Write
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing
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Writing: Part 2 extended writing Examiner’s
comments:
The first writing: This is an inadequate attempt, with limited language and inadequate range. The erratic punctuation adds to the incoherence, for example in this sport there are abilities; strong; team play; ... The numerous errors sometimes impede, for example I want to answer at yours asking and considerable effort is required from the reader. The second writing: This is a very good attempt, showing confident confident and swimming.. It is very ambitions language, for example My example My favourite sport has always been swimming well organised, with a wide range of structures and vocabulary, for example it is one of lot. The few minor errors in the few sports where you can’t win if you don’t practice a lot. spelling do not detract from the high degree of accuracy.
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Reading & Writing Correction 1. Pet Peter er clo closed sed all th thee wind indows ____ __ ____ ____ __ th thee rain rain coul ould not not co com me in. in. A because B so C as D so that 2. I shall do the job to the best of my ________ A capacity B ability C knowledge D talent 3. The The Bro Brown wnss are are trav travel elli ling ng to to Lond London on ___ _____ ____ ____ trai train. n. A on B through C by D in 4. Mrs Smith always likes someone to ________ her to the bus stop at night. A go B company C join D accompany 5. She hasn't written to me ________ A already B yet C never D any longer
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Reading & Writing Correction 6. I am ________of making excuses for your rudeness to our friends A annoyed B worried C tired D angry 7. Pho Phon ne me befo efore ten; ten; ____ __ ______ ____ I'l I'll be be to too busy to talk talk to you. ou. A unless B whether C otherwise D if 8. To get a passport, you must send in your birth ________ and two photos. A certificate B licence C paper D card 9. Please hurry or you will be late ________ school. A to B for C in D at 12. The ring is only made of plastic so it's quite ________ A valuable B invaluable C worthless D priceless
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Reading & Writing Correction 10. He was watching television_______ the burglar alarm went off. A when B because C until D after 11. She ________ regretted having been so unkind. A awfully B severely C bitterly D folly 12. Be careful with what you say, he has a ________temper. A strong B big C loud D hot 13. The mechanic explained in great ________ how the car worked. A clarity B detail C information D example 14.. The 14 The tw two o fri frien ends ds alw always ays bac back k ____ __ ____ ____ __ up in ever everyt ythi hing ng th they ey do do.. A each other B one another C themselves D ourselves 15. We________ all your help in this matter. A estimate B enjoy C appreciate D evaluate C
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Reading & Writing Correction 16. You must try not to________ so many mistakes. A do B make C tell D perform 17. Some passengers spoke to reporters about their ________in the burning plane. A occasion B happening C event D experience 18. We decided to eat outside in spite________ the weather, A with B for C of DX 19. The policeman took his notebook________ notebook________ his top pocket A into B in C out D from 20. Everyone blamed me ________ the accident. A for B of CX D on
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Reading & Writing Correction 21. Which________ you rather do: stay in or go out? A would B had C do D will 22. Robert turned________ half an hour late for the meeting, A on B in C to D up 23. Have you lived here ________ life? A you all B all the C the whole D all your 24. Which verb does not form the past participle in - en, like write 'Written’ A steal B shake C split D speak 25. Which is the past tense of the verb bleed? A bled B blended C blend D blood
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Reading & Writing Correction 26. I'll wait here until you ________ A will return B return C are returning D with we returned 27.. It' 27 It'ss not not wo wort rth_ h___ ____ ____ ____ out out now now.. It It is is muc much h too too late late.. A to go B it g o C going D it going 28. Dinosaurs are thought to ________ out millions of years ago. A. die B have died C having died D dying 29. Joe studied medicine and then decided to specialise________ synecology A to B for C in D on 30. Mrs Brown is a busybody; busybody; she loves prying________ prying________ other people's people's business. A in B into C out D after C
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Reading & Writing Correction 31. I am not ________ my best first thing in the morning. A with B. X C on D. at 32.. 32 ____ __ ____ ____ __no no circ circu umsta mstanc nces es shou should ld you drin drink k the the tap tap wat water er.. A Within B On C By D Under 33.. 33 If he' he'ss in trou troubl ble, e, it' it'ss his his own own fau fault lt,, I per perso sona nall lly y wou would ldn' n'tt ____ ______ __ fin finge gerr to help help him. A lift B turn C bend D raise 34.. 34 The The rum rumou ours rs abo about ut a gov gover ernm nmen entt cri crisi siss ____ ______ ____ __ like like wi wild ldfi fire re.. A caught B went C spread D blew 35.. 35 It __ ____ ____ ____ __ra rain in th this is even evenin ing. g. Wh Why y don don't 't you take take an umbr umbrel ella la?? A had better B could be C must D might C
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Reading & Writing Correction 36. The nurse suggested ________ two aspirins A to take B taking C to be taken D being taken 37. My daughter often ________to see me at least once a week. A calls up B drops in C goes up D comes on 38. There is too much noise noise in this room. I can't understand understand what. ________ ________ A is the teacher saying B is saying the teacher C that the teacher is saying D the teacher is saying 39. Fish ________ on earth for ages and ages. A existed B are existing C exist D have existed 40. One of the ________ from Italy. A student is B. students are C student are D. students is C
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Reading & Writing Correction 41. What have we got ________? A for the dinner B for a dinner C for dinner D to dinner 42. Hurry up! They've only go _______ seats left. A a little B a few C a lot of D plenty of 43. Tom Tom is sitting at his desk. He's reading his chemistry chemistry text because he has a test tomorrow. He ________. A could study B should be studying C will study D must be studying 44. Jane ________just a few minutes minutes ago. A left B has left C leaves D had left 45. Our classroom is supplied with ________ A plenty of chalks B plenty of chalk C several chalks D several chalk C
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Reading & Writing Correction 46. Arthur pretended not ________hurt when his younger sister bit him. A to have been B to have C having D be 47. I ________ saying was so important that I asked everyone everyone to stop talking and listen. li sten. A What the woman was B The woman was C That the woman was D What was the woman 48. The child's arm was was swollen because because he ________stung by a bee. AX B had C had been D had being 49. If it's raining tomorrow, we shall have to put ________the match till Sunday. A off B away C in D on 50. The children ________to the zoo. A were enjoyed taken B enjoyed being taken C were enjoyed taking D enjoyed taking C
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Reading & Writing Correction All drugs can affect the body in both helpful and (1)...........................ways. For example, a particular particular drug may produce a stronger stronger heartbeat, (2)........... (2)........... ......................from pain, or some other desired desired effect. But that drug, (3)........... ................ any other drug, drug, can also cause undesired effects — especially if the (4).............................is too large. Such effects might (5)...... ...........................fever, ...........................fever, high high blood pressure, or constipation. constipation. Most drugs produce changes throughout the body because the drugs (6)....... through the blood blood stream (7)...... .............................most drugs drugs used to affect one part part of the body also affect affect other parts. parts. For example, physicians physicians sometimes sometimes (8)...... .............. morphine to relieve pain. Morphine Morphine depresses the activities of cells in the brain and thus reduces the (9)....... .........................of pain. pain. But morphine also also alters the function of of cells elsewhere in the body. It may decrease the rate of breathing, produce constipation, and (10).. .......................... other undesired effects.
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Reading & Writing Correction Drought is a condition that results when the average rainfall for a fertile area (1) ....................far below below the normal amount amount for for (2) .................... long period period of time. time. In areas areas that are not (3) .....................the lack of rain (4) .....................farm crops to wither wither and die. Higher than than (5) .................... temperatures temperatures usually usually accompany accompany periods periods of drought. drought. They add to the crop damage. Forest fires start easily during droughts. The soil of a drought area becomes becomes (6) .................... and crumbles. Often Often the rich topsoil is (7) .................... away away by the hot, hot, dry winds. Streams, Streams, ponds, ponds, and (8) .................... often dry up during a drought, drought, and animals (9)..................... and may even die (10) .................... .. the lack of water. water.
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Reading & Writing Correction People People began to keep animals in zoos (1)______ 3,000 years ago, when the rulers of China opened an enormous zoo called the Gardens of Intelligence. In many of the early zoos, animals (2)______ taught to perform for the visitors. This no longer (3)______ and it is accepted that the purpose of zoos is for people to see animals behaving naturally. naturally. Today, most cities have a zoo or wildlife park. However, not (4)______ approves of zoos. People who think that zoos are a good idea say they (5) ______ us with the opportunity to (6)______ about the natural world and be close to wild animals. Both of (7)______ would not be possible (8)______ zoos. On the other hand, some people disapprove disapprove of zoos because they (9)______ it is wrong to put animals in cages, and argue that in zoos which are not (10)______ (10)____ __ properly, properly, animals live in dirty conditions and eat unsuitablet @food. C i ht © 2013 b b il 3/19/2014 38
Reading & Writing Correction 11. Last year wasn’t as cold as this year. This year is
last year was.
12. How much is it to go skiing? What
to go skiing?
13. Do you know who these skis belong to? Do you know
these skis are?
14. James can ski well. James is
skiing.
15. Driving in heavy snow isn’t easy. easy. Heavy snow makes it C
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Reading & Writing Correction 6.
My sister has borrowed the novel from me. I my sister the novel. hasn’t read a novel by Joan Brady before. 7. She hasn’t This is novel by Joan Brady that she has read. Brady’s other books. 8. The novel is longer than Joan Brady’s Joan Brady’s other books are not as this one. 9. How much does the novel cost? What is the novel? 10. I hope my sister returns the novel to me soon. I hope my sister back the novel soon.
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Reading & Writing Correction 16. You should peel and chop the onion and then fry it. The onion …………………………………………….. The onion should be peeled and chopped and then fried. 17. When you clean the machine, turn off the mains supply first. Before cleaning ……………………………………… Before cleaning the machine, turn off the mains supply first. 18. Jane suggested buying a food processor. “Why don't ………………………………………….. don't you buy a food processor?” Said Jane “Why don't you 19. No one has been to collect the rubbish this week. The rubbish …………………………………….......... The rubbish has not been collected this week. 20. My parents wanted me to go to university but I didn't fancy it. I didn't fancy ………………………………………… I didn't fancy going fancy going to university although my parents parents wanted me to go. C
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Any Questions?
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