Obtecion de Checksum, Plataforma Ubuntu

Kc}dnljk Kc}d nljk n md Ladlb|th dn tctn}t Lkn at|hdgmks md ugwtd}d| !Yjsd|agsb* Dfgcksgmk uks @gt|}k Fdün Ghgmks Hgjsg. Utdmd| Lkn}gl}gshd g? `gt|}k7hgzkEihgjf.lkh

7. Lkhtnjlgljün TMU Dn fg lgu}tsg tmu.lgu |d htd|}sg tng lkhtnjlgljün TMU. Lkn}d|}g g fg| |jitjdn}d| usditn}g|?

7. »Ltçfd| |kn fg| mjsdlljknd| JU z utds}k| jnpkftlsgmk| dn fg lkhtnjlgljün; Ksjidn? 75.5.5.3& lkn utds}k <3901. Md|}jnk? 77.5.5.3& lkn utds}k <<555.

3. »Dn wtê sdm |d ag sdgfjgmk fg lgu}tsg; Dn fg sdm 75.5.5.5 Fk lkhuskcghk| uks fg usd|dnljg md GSU& dn fg jhgidn |tudsjks |d utdmd gusdljgs

<. »Ltçf d| df nÿhdsk md ugwtd}d| TMU z nthdsk md cz}d| md mg}k| jn}dslghcjgmk|; Df nÿhdsk md ugwtd}d| TMU |kn 4 dn df usjhds ugwtd}d& z 0 dn df |ditnmk mgnmk tn }k}gf md 77 cz}d| md mg}k| jn}dslghcjgmk|

=. Mjctog tn d|ldngsjk dn Nd}ITJ lkn 3 |tcsdmd| lkndl}gmg| g }sgpê| md s7? \tcsdm 77.5.5.5 77.5.5.5 hg|lgsg 344.344.344.5 \tcsdm 73.5.5.5 73.5.5.5 hg|lgsg 344.344.344.5

3. Lkhtnjlgljün ]LU \dspjmks nk mj|uknjcfd

T}jfjghk| gaksg nl ugsg idndsgs }sç`jlk ]LU z agldhk| fg| lgu}tsg| wtd lkn|jmdsghk| lknpdnjdn}d ugsg dqufjlgs sgkngmghdn}d wtd }sç`jlk |d idndsg dn fg| |jitjdn}d| |j}tgljknd| ltgnmk |d jn}dn}g d|}gcfdlds tng lkndqjün ]LU md|md ul7& utds}k 75555& lkn fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.75& utds}k 77777?

7. Dqj|}d fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.75 udsk nk agz tng gufjlgljün d|ltlagnmk dn df utds}k 77777. Fg lkndqjün nk utdmd d|}gcfdlds|d. Df lfjdn}d& }sg| dnpjgs df \ZN& sdljcd tn |dihdn}k ]LU md|md 73.5.5.75 lkn df `fgi S\] !SD\D]* gl}jpgmk& fk wtd agld wtd |d ljdssd gcstu}ghdn}d fg lkndqjün.

3. Dqj|}d fg sdm 73.5.5.5 z agz st}g ugsg ffdigs ag|}g dffg& udsk nk dqj|}d fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.75. !Ugsg sdgfjgs d|}d gugs}gmk gugig fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.75*. Nk |d sdgfjü fg lkndqjün utd|}k wtd nk dqj|}d fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.75& }sg| dnpjgs df \ZN& sdljcd tn hdn|god JLHU md }juk < z lümjik 7. D|}d hdn|god fk dnpèg df skt}ds s7 gf nk sdljcjs sd|utd|}g g fg |kfjlj}tm md GSU usditn}gnmk uks fg 73.5.5.75 wtd êf agld dn fg sdm 73.5.5.5.

Lkhk kc|dspghk| dn fg jhgidndn gugighk| ul3!73.5.5.75*& uks fk }gn}k lkhk nk d|}g gl} jpgmg ntnlg agcsç lkhtnjlgljün lkn ul7.

Dn d|}g jhgidn gusdljghk| df hdn|god JLHU g|è hj|hk df hdn|god wtd dnpèg df skt}ds s 7 gf nk sdljcjs sd|utd|}g g fg |kfjlj}tm md GSU usditn}gnmk uks fg 73.5.5.75.

3.3. Lfjdn}d z |dspjmks Dn fg lgu}tsg }lu.lgu |d htd|}sg tng lkhtnjlgljün ]LU dn}sd mk| gufjlgljknd|. Lkn}d|}g g fg| |jitjdn}d| usditn}g|?

7. »Ltçf d| fg mjsdlljün JU z df utds}k mdf lfjdn}d ]LU z fg mjsdlljün JU z df utds}k mdf |dspjmks ]LU;Dn tng lkndqjün ]LU df lfjdn}d d| d f uskld|k wtd usjhdsk dnpèg df \ZN. G|è wtd& dn d|}d lg|k? Lfjdn}d? 75.5.5.3& utds}k 0595:. \dspjmks? 77.5.5.3& utds}k <=555.

3. »Ltgn}k| |dihdn}k| ]LU |d agn dnpjgmk md|md df lfjdn}d gf |dspjmks; 0 |dihdn}k|? \ZN& GLB& MG]G& MG]G& @JN& GLB

<. »Ltgn}k| |dihdn}k| ]LU |d agn dnpjgmk md|md df |dspjmks gf lfjdn}d; = |dihdn}k|? \ZN"GLB& GLB& GLB& @JN"GLB& }ghcjên |d utdmd t}jfjgs fg jhgidn gn}dsjks ugsg lkhuskcgsfk

=. Jnmjlg wtd dq}sdhk ljdssg gn}d| fg lkndqjün. Df lfjdn}d d| df wtd d npèg df `jn usjhdsk& }ghcjên |d utdmd t}jfjgs fg jhgidn gn}dsjks ugsg lkhuskcgsfk

3.<. Nÿhdsk| md |dltdnljg 7. »Ltgn}k| cz}d| md mg}k| dnpèg df |dspjmks gf lfjdn}d; Sgkng fg sd|utd|}g. Jnmjlg ltgfd| |kn fk| nÿhdsk| md |dltdnljg mdf \ZN z mdf @JN wtd dnpèg df |dspjmks& z wtd sdfgljün }jdndn lkn fg lgn}jmgm md mg}k| dnpjgmg uks df |dspjmks gf lfjdn}d. Fg hç| |dnljffg md lgfltfgs dn nÿhdsk md cz}d| md mg}k| dnpjgmk| d| `jogs|d dn fk| nÿhdsk| md |dltdnljg mdf ugwtd}d \ZN z mdf ugwtd}d @JN md d|d |dn}jmk md fg lkhtnjlgljün. lkh tnjlgljün. G|j?Cz}d| md mg}k| }sgn|hj}jmk| 8 Nk |dl @JN ( Nk |dl \ZN “ 7 !7<0<39<=3=(7<0<39<=3<*(785 mg}k| }sgn|hj}jmk| Dn d|}d lg|k |dsèg ldsk uks wtd df |dspjmks nk dnpèg mg}k| |kfk df l fjdn}d.

3. »Ltgn}k| cz}d| md mg}k| dnpèg df lfjdn}d gf |dspjmks; Sgkng fg sd|utd|}g. Jnmjlg ltgfd| |kn fk| nÿhdsk| md |dltdnljg mdf \ZN z mdf @JN wtd dnpèg df lfjdn}d& z wtd sdfgljün }jdndn lkn fg lgn}jmgm md mg}k| dnpjgmg uks df lfjdn}d gf |dspjmks. mg}k| }sgn|hj}jmk| 8 Nk |dl @JN ( Nk |dl \ZN “ 7 !7<09157975(7<091570:1*(7877 mg}k| }sgn|hj}jmk|

3.=. S]] 7. Ugsg lgmg tnk md fk| |dihdn}k| md mg}k| wtd dnpèg df lfjdn}d gf |dspjmks& jnmjlg ltgf d| df S]]. Kc|dspg ugsg dffk fk| }jdhuk| md dnpjü md fk| |dihdn}k| z fk| md sdlduljün md |t| lkssd|uknmjdn}d| g|dn}jhjdn}k|. g|dn}jhjdn}k|.

3.4. @gl}ks md d|lgfg |kcsd fg pdn}gng gntnljgmg 7. Jnmjlg ltgf d| df pgfks mdf lghuk md pdn}gng gntnljgmg !Yjnmky |jd* dn fk| |dihdn}k| \ZN dn lgmg tnk md fk| mk| |dn}jmk|. 75.5.5.3 (> 77.5.5.3? Pdn}gng gntnljgmg 8 41=5 cz}d| 77.5.5.3 (>75.5.5.3? Pdn}gng gntnljgmg 8 49:3 cz}d|

3. Jnmjlg ltgf d| df pgfks mdf lghuk md pdn}gng gntnljgmg !Yjnmky |jd* dn fk| |dihdn}k| wtd nk }jdndn df `fgi \ZN gl}jpgmk dn lgmg tnk md fk| mk| |dn}jmk| 75.5.5.3 (>77.5.5.3? Pdn}gng gntnljgmg 8 3:35 cz}d| 77.5.5.3 (> 75.5.5.3? Pdn}gng gntnljgmg 8 31:0 cz}d|

Jnmjlg ltgf d| df pgfks sdgf md pdn}gng gntnljgmg gntnljgmg }dnjdnmk dn ltdn}g df `gl}ks md d|lgfg wtd |d jnlftzd dn fg| kuljknd| md fk| |dihdn}k| \ZN z \ZN"GLB. 75.5.5.3 (>77.5.5.3? Df lghuk md pdn}gng gntnljgmg }jdnd tn pgfks md 3:35 cz}d|& z dn df ugwtd}d \ZN |t `gl}ks md d|lgfg d| 7 !fk wtd jnmjlg wtd agz wtd htf}jufjlgs uks 37 df l ghuk md pdn}gng*. Uks fk }gn}k fg pdn}gng sdgf d| 41=5 cz}d|. 77.5.5.3 (> 75.5.5.3? Df lghuk md pdn}gng gntnljgmg }jdnd tn pgfks md 31:0 cz}d|& z dn df ugwtd}d \ZN"GLB |t `gl}ks md d|lgfg d| 7 !fk wtd jnmjlg wtd agz wtd htf}jufjlgs uks 37 df lgh uk md pdn}gng*. Uks fk }gn}k fg pdn}gng sdgf d| 49:3 cz}d|.

3.0. H\\ Dn fg lgu}tsg }lu(h||(uh}t.lgu |d htd|}sg df usjnljujk md tng lkhtnjlgljün ]LU. Ksmdng dn Yjsd|agsb fk| ugwtd}d| uks fg lkfthng ]jhd. Lkn}d|}g g fg| |jitjdn}d| usditn}g|? 7. Jnmjlg ltgf d| df pgfks gntnljgmk md H\\ dn fg| lgcdldsg| kuljkngfd| md fk| ugwtd}d| \ZN md fk| mk| |dn}jmk| md fg lkndqjün. Mgmk| d|}k| mk| pgfksd|& jnmjlg wtd }ghg÷k md mg}k| lsdd| t|gsgn ghck| |dn}jmk| md fg lkndqjün |j }jdndn wtd dnpjgs mg}k|. 77.5.5.77 (> 73.5.5.73? H\\ 8 005 cz}d|. 73.5.5.73 (> 77.5.5.77? H\\ 8 405 cz}d|. Fk| mk| |dn}jmk| md fg lkhtnjlgljün t|gsgn lkhk }ghg÷k hçqjhk md mg}k| df hdnks md d|}k| mk| pgfksd|& d| mdljs& 405 cz}d|.

3. Hjsg fk| }ghg÷k| md fg| lgcdldsg| md fk| mj|}jn}k| |dihdn}k|& hdmjmk| dn ugfgcsg| md = cz}d| z sgkng ukswtd nk }kmk| fk| |dihdn}k| }jdndn df hj|hk }ghg÷k. Lsdd| wtd df }ghg÷k md fg lgcdldsg utdmd jn`ftjs dn df }ghgnk hgqjhk md mg}k| wtd uk|}dsjkshdn}d t}jfjgsg ]LU ugsg dnpjgs |dihdn}k|; Dn ghck| |dn}jmk|& df \ZN }jdnd }ghg÷k md lgcdld sg 75 ugfgcsg| md = cz}d| !=5 cz}d|*? 4 ugfgcsg| !35 cz}d|* md fg ugs}d `jog md fg lgcdldsg& z 4 ugfgcsg| !35 cz}d|* md kuljknd|.

Dn df sd|}k md |dihdn}k|& df }ghg÷k md lgcdldsg d| 1 ugfgcsg| md = cz}d| !<3 cz}d|*? 4 ugfgcsg| !35 cz}d|* md fg ugs}d `jog md fg lgcdldsg& z < ugfgcsg| !73 cz}d|* md kuljknd|.

Fk| }ghg÷k| md fg| lgcdldsg| md fk| mj|}jn}k| |dihdn}k| |kn mj`dsdn}d| ukswtd agz kuljknd| wtd |kfk pjgogn dn fk| ugwtd}d| \ZN& lknlsd}ghdn}d fg| k uljknd| H\\ z Yjnmky \lgfd. Uks d|k fk| ugwtd}d| \ZN z \ZN"GLB }jdndn hgzks }ghg÷k md lgcdlds g. Df }ghg÷k md fg lgcdldsg |d jnlftzd dn df }ghg÷k md mg}k| md fk| |dihdn}k|? df pgfks md H\\ d|}ç lgfltfgmk ugsg df |tutd|}k md wtd fk| ugwtd}d| nk ffdpdn kuljknd| nj d n fg lgcdldsg JU nj dn fg lgcdldsg ]LU. Ltgnmk |d dnpjê tn |dihdn}k lknlsd}k gf H\\ agcsç wtd sd|}gsfd s d|}gsfd fk wtd kltudn fg| lgcdldsg| kuljkngfd| wtd ffdpd mjlak |dihdn}k& z df sd|tf}gmk |dsç fg hgzks lgn}jmgm md cz}d| md mg}k| wtd utdmdn pjgogs dn d|d |dihdn}k

<. ]dnjdnmk dn ltdn}g wtd dn df jn|}gn}d dn df wtd |d dnpèg df |dihdn}k nÿhdsk =& fg hgwtjng 77.5.5.77 }dnèg hg| md 3.555 cz}d| md mg}k| wtd dnpjgs g fg hgwtjng 73.5.5.73& »uks wtê dnpèg hdnk|; Ltgn}k| cz}d| dnpèg dn d|d |dihdn}k =; »Lühk |d ot|}j`jlg lgmg df nÿhdsk md cz}d| md mg}k| wtd lkn}jdnd df |dihdn}k = mgmk| fk| pgfksd| md H\\ gntnljgmk| dn fk| |dihdn}k| \ZN; Dn df |dihdn}k = df lfjdn}d dnpèg hdnk| md fk| 3555 cz}d| ugsg jn}dn}gs dpj}gs fg `sgihdn}gljün JU. Ugsg dffk }jdnd dn ltdn}g df hdnks md fk| mk| pgfksd| md H\\ gntnljgmk| gf d|}gcfdlds|d fg lkndqjün& d| mdljs& 405 cz}d|. D|}d }ghg÷k md mg}k| |d t}jfjgsg dn ugwtd}d| |jn kuljknd| dn fg lgcdsg md JU z |jn kuljknd| dn fg lgcdldsg md ]LU. Lkhk df d f |dihdn}k = }jdnd 73 cz}d| cz}d | md kuljknd| dn fg lgcdsg ]LU !z 5 cz}d| md kuljknd| dn fg lgcdlds g JU*& mjlak |dihdn}k utdmd ffdpgs tn hçqjhk md 405 ( 73 8 4=1 cz}d| md mg}k|.

=. Dqufjlg wtd }juk md ugwtd}d |kn fk| ugwtd}d| 4 z 9 md fg lgu}tsg. »Wtê |jinj`jlgn z ltçf utdmd |ds fg sgün md wtd |d agzgn dnpjgmk; »Wtê lghuk md fg lgcdldsg JU md fk| ugwtd}d| = z 0 ag uskpklgmk wtd |d dnpèdn fk| ugwtd}d| 4 z 9; Fk| ugwtd}d| 4 z 9 |kn hdn|god| md JLHU md md|}jnk jngflgngcfd ukswtd |d ndld|j}gcg `sgihdn}gljün. Fk| dnpèg tn skt}ds mdf lghjnk dn}sd d f lfjdn}d z df |dspjmks. Df wtd dqj|}gn d|}k| ugwtd}d| dn fg l gu}tsg jnmjlg wtd tn skt}ds mdf lghjnk d|}ç lkndl}gmk g tn njpdf md dnfgld wtd sdwtjdsd tn }ghg÷k hçqjhk udshj}jmk ugsg fk| mg}k| gtn hdnks wtd df wtd |d d|}ç t|gnmk dn fg lkndqjün 7.

Fk| ugwtd}d| = z 0 ffdpgn gl}jpgmk dn fg lgcdldsg JU df `fgi M@ !Nk @sgihdn}gs*. D|k agld wtd ltgnmk ffditdn g tn skt}ds wtd ndld|j}d `sgihdn}gs d|k| mg}gisghg| !dn d|}d lg|k df skt}ds 77.5.5.7* nk utdmg agldsfk uks d|}gs gl}jpgmk mjlak `fgi& z nk fd wtdmd k}sk sdhdmjk wtd md|lgs}gsfk|& z dnpjgs tn hdn|god JLHU gf ksjidn uks lgmg mg}gisghg wtd md|lgs}g.

4. Hjsg df ugwtd}d 1 md fg lgu}tsg. »Uks wtê |d sd}sgn|hj}d d|}d |dihdn}k; Lkhustdcg df }ghg÷k md |t lghuk md mg}k|. Dqufjlg fg sdfgljün md d|}d pgfks lkn fg jn`kshgljün lkn}dnjmg dn fk| ugwtd}d| 4 z 9. Df lfjdn}d md fg lkndqjün ]LU& gf sdljcjs fk| JLHU& pd dn |t lkn}dnjmk lk n}dnjmk !lghuk H]T k` ndq} aku* df }ghg÷k hçqjhk md mg}k| wtd utdmd uknds dn |t| |dihdn}k|? 455 cz}d|. Z lkhk |gcd wtd fk| |dihdn}k| = z 0 agn |jmk md|lgs}gmk|& mdcd sddnpjgsfk| lkn df }ghg÷k gmdltgmk. G|j& fk| 4=1 cz}d| md mg}k| mdf |dihdn}k = |d sd}sgn|hj}dn sdugs}jmk| dn df |dihdn}k 1 !455 cz}d| md mg}k|* z |dihdn}k : !=1 cz}d| md mg}k|*. Z gnçfkighdn}d kltssd lkn fk| mg}k| mdf |dihdn}k 0& wtd |d sd}sgn|hj}dn dn fk| |dihdn}k| 73 z 7<.