GKLDJLA KLE JLXRWKLHB
KXXJALIBLU NL=
LNL-GKLDJLA FJLKLHJK@ JLXUJURUJNLX
JLEBS
Xr Ln.
Hnltblts
_kab Ln.
;.
JLUWNERHUJNL
2
7.
LGFH IBKLJLA
1
8.
EBFJLKUJNL
3
5.
H@KXXJFJHKUJNL NF LGFH‚s
:
2.
WN@B NF LGFH
;?
6.
FRLHUJNLX NF LGFH
;8
1.
HNIIBWHJK@ GKLD V/X LFGH
;2
3.
UN_ 7? LGFH‚s JL JLEJK
;1
:.
HNLH@RXJNL
;3
;?.
GJG@NAWK_CZ
7?
_kab | 7
JLUWNERHUJNL=
Qb stuejbe kgnut gklds, kpkrt frni gklds tcb Jlejkl Fjlklhjk` Xystbi cks k `krab luigbr nf prjvktb`y nwlbe, ebhbltrk`jsbe kle sik`` sjzbe fjlklhjk` jlstjtutjnls dlnwl ks Lnl-gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs. Jl rbhblt tjibs, tcb lnl-fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs (LGFHs) ckvb hnltrjgutbe tn tcb Jlejkl bhnlnijh arnwtc gy prnvjejla ebpnsjt fkhj`jtjbs kle spbhjk`jzbe hrbejt tn hbrtkjl sbaiblts nf tcb snhjbty suhc ks ulnrakljzbe sbhtnr kle sik`` gnrrnwbrs. Jl tcb Jlejkl Fjlklhjk` Xystbi, tcb LGFHs p`ky k vbry jipnrtklt rn`b jl hnlvbrtjla sbrvjhbs kle prnvjeb hrbejt tn tcb ulnrakljzbe sbhtnr kle sik`` gnrrnwbrs.
LGFHs prnvjeb fjlklhjk` sbrvjhbs `jdb cjrb-purhcksb, `bksjla, `nkls, jlvbstiblts, hcjt-fule hnipkljbs bth. LGFHs hkl gb h`kssjfjbe jltn ebpnsjt khhbptjla hnipkljbs kle lnl-ebpnsjt khhbptjla hnipkljbs. LGFHs krb sik`` jl sjzb kle krb nwlbe prjvktb`y. Ucb LGFHs ckvb arnwl rkpje`y sjlhb ;::?. Ucby nffbr kttrkhtjvb rktb nf rbturl. Ucby krb fule gksbe ks wb`` ks sbrvjhb nrjbltbe hnipkljbs. Ucbjr ikjl hnipkljbs krb gklds kle fjlklhjk` jlstjtutjnls. Khhnrejla tn WGJ Kht ;:85, jt js hnipu`snry tn rbajstbr tcb LGFHs wjtc tcb Wbsbrvb Gkld nf Jlejk.
Ucb LGFHs jl kevklhbe hnultrjbs ckvb arnwl sjaljfjhklt`y kle krb lnw hnijla up jl k vbry `krab wky jl ebvb`npjla hnultrjbs `jdb Grkzj`, Jlejk, kle Ik`kysjk bth. Ucb lnl-gkldjla hnipkljbs wcbl hnipkrbe wjtc hniibrhjk` kle hn-npbrktjvb gklds krb k cbtbrnablbnus (vkrjbe) arnup nf fjlklhb hnipkljbs. LGFHs krb cbtbrnablbnus arnup nf fjlklhb hnipkljbs ibkls k`` LGFHs prnvjeb ejffbrblt typbs nf fjlklhjk` sbrvjhbs.
_kab | 8
LGFHs supp`biblt tcb rn`b nf tcb gkldjla sbhtnr jl ibbtjla tcb jlhrbksjla fjlklhjk` lbbe nf tcb hnrpnrktb sbhtnr, eb`jvbrjla hrbejt tn tcb ulnrakljzbe sbhtnr kle tn sik`` `nhk` gnrrnwbrs. LGFHs ckvb inrb f`bxjg`b struhturb tckl gklds. Ks hnipkrbe tn gklds, tcby hkl tkdb qujhd ebhjsjnls, kssuib arbktbr rjsds kle tkj`nrikdb tcbjr sbrvjhbs kle hckrab khhnrejla tn tcb lbbes nf tcb h`jblts. Ucbjr f`bxjg`b struhturb cb`ps jl grnkebljla tcb ikrdbt gy prnvjejla tcb skvbr kle jlvbstnr k gule`b nf sbrvjhbs nl k hnipbtjtjvb gksjs.
LGFHs ejffbr wjeb`y jl tcbjr nwlbrscjp= Xnib krb sugsjejkrjbs nf `krab Iklufkhturbrs (b.a., U.V. Intnrs U.V. Fjlklhbs kle Xbrvjhbs @te). Ikly ntcbrs krb nwlbe gy gklds suhc ks JHJHJ Gklds, JHJHJ Xbhurjtjbs @te, XGJ Hkpjtk` Ikrdbt @te, Iutcnnt Gkldbrs, Iutcnnt Fjlklhjk` Xbrvjhbs @te k dby p`kybr jl Dbrk`k fjlklhjk` sbrvjhbs.
Lnl-gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Jlstjtutjnls hkrry nut fjlklhjla khtjvjtjbs gut tcbjr rbsnurhbs krb lnt ejrbht`y ngtkjlbe frni tcb skvbrs ks ebgt. Jlstbke, tcbsb Jlstjtutjnls ingj`jzb tcb pug`jh skvjlas fnr rblebrjla ntcbr fjlklhjk` sbrvjhbs jlh`uejla jlvbstiblt. K`` suhc Jlstjtutjnls krb fjlklhjk` jltbribejkrjbs kle wcbl tcby `ble, tcby krb dlnwl ks Lnl-Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Jltbribejkrjbs (LGFJs) nr Jlvbstiblt Jlstjtutjnls.
_kab | 5
LNL-GKLDJLA FJLKLHJK@ HNI_KLZ (LGFH)
IBKLJLA=
Lnl-Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Hnipkljbs (LGFHs) p`ky k vjtk` rn`b jl tcb hnltbxt nf Jlejkl Bhnlniy. Ucby krb jlejspblsjg`b pkrt jl tcb Jlejkl fjlklhjk` systbi gbhkusb tcby supp`biblt tcb khtjvjtjbs nf gklds jl tbris nf ebpnsjt ingj`jzktjnl kle `blejla. Ucby p`ky k vbry jipnrtklt rn`b gy prnvjejla fjlklhb tn khtjvjtjbs wcjhc krb lnt sbrvbe gy tcb nrakljzbe gkldjla sbhtnr. Xn, inst tcb hniijttbbs, kppnjltbe tn jlvbstjaktb jltn tcb khtjvjtjbs, ckvb rbhnaljzbe tcbjr rn`b kle ckvb rbhnaljzbe tcb lbbe fnr k wb``-bstkg`jscbe kle cbk`tcy lnl-gkldjla fjlklhjk` sbhtnr.
Lnl-Gkldjla
Fjlklhjk` Hnipkly (LGFH) js
k hnipkly rbajstbrbe ulebr tcb
Hnipkljbs Kht, ;:26 kle js blakabe jl tcb gusjlbss nf `nkls kle kevklhbs, khqujsjtjnl nf sckrbs/stnhd/gnles/ebgblturbs/sbhurjtjbs jssube gy Anvbrliblt nr `nhk` kutcnrjty nr ntcbr sbhurjtjbs nf `jdb ikrdbtkg`b lkturb, `bksjla, cjrbpurhcksb, jlsurklhb gusjlbss, hcjt gusjlbss gut enbs lnt jlh`ueb kly jlstjtutjnl wcnsb prjlhjpk` gusjlbss js tckt nf karjhu`turb khtjvjty, jleustrjk` khtjvjty, sk`b/purhcksb/hnlstruhtjnl nf jiinvkg`b prnpbrty. Lnl-gkldjla jlstjtutjnl wcjhc js k hnipkly kle wcjhc cks jts prjlhjpk` gusjlbss nf rbhbjvjla ebpnsjts ulebr kly shcbib nf krrklabiblt nr kly ntcbr ikllbr, nr `blejla jl kly ikllbr js k`sn k lnl- gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkly.
_kab | 2
EBFJLJUJNLX NF LGFH
L nl- G kldjla F jlklhjk` H nipkly cks gbbl ebfjlbe ks= (j)
K lnl-gkldjla jlstjtutjnl, wcjhc js k hnipkly kle wcjhc cks jts prjlhjpk` gusjlbss tcb rbhbjvjla nf ebpnsjts ulebr kly shcbib nr `blejla jl kly ikllbr.
(jj)
Xuhc ntcbr lnl-gkldjla jlstjtutjnls, ks tcb gkld iky wjtc tcb prbvjnus kpprnvk` nf tcb hbltrk` anvbrliblt kle gy lntjfjhktjnl jl tcb nffjhjk` akzbttb, spbhjfy.
LGFHs prnvjeb k rklab nf sbrvjhbs suhc ks cjrb purhcksb fjlklhb, bqujpiblt `bksb fjlklhb, `nkls, kle jlvbstiblts. LGFHX ckvb rkjsbe `krab kinult nf rbsnurhbs tcrnuac ebpnsjts frni pug`jh, sckrbcn`ebrs, ejrbhtnrs, kle ntcbr hnipkljbs kle gnrrnwjla gy jssub nf lnl-hnlvbrtjg`b ebgblturbs, kle sn nl. Lnl-gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Jlstjtutjnls hkrry nut fjlklhjla khtjvjtjbs gut tcbjr rbsnurhbs krb lnt ejrbht`y ngtkjlbe frni tcb skvbrs ks ebgt. Jlstbke, tcbsb Jlstjtutjnls ingj`jzb tcb pug`jh skvjlas fnr rblebrjla ntcbr fjlklhjk` sbrvjhbs jlh`uejla jlvbstiblt. K`` suhc Jlstjtutjnls krb fjlklhjk` jltbribejkrjbs kle wcbl tcby `ble, tcby krb dlnwl ks Lnl-Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Jltbribejkrjbs (LGFJs) nr Jlvbstiblt Jlstjtutjnls=
RLJU UWRXU NF JLEJK.
@JFB JLXRWKLHB HNW_NWKUJNL (@JH).
ABLBWK@ JLXRWKLHB HNW_NWKUJNL (AJH).
_kab | 6
H@KXXJFJHKUJNL NF LGFHs=
Ucjs h`kssjfjhktjnl js jl keejtjnl tn tcb prbsblt h`kssjfjhktjnl nf LGFHs jltn ebpnsjttkdjla kle Lnl-ebpnsjt-tkdjla LGFHs.
Ebpblejla nl tcb lkturb tcbjr ikmnr
khtjvjty, tcb lnl-gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs hkl gb h`kssjfjbe jltn tcb fn``nwjla hktbanrjbs, tcby krb=
(;)
Bqujpiblt `bksjla hnipkljbs.
(7)
Cjrb-purhcksb fjlklhb hnipkljbs.
(8)
Cnusjla fjlklhb-hnipkljbs.
(5)
Jlvbstiblts hnipkljbs.
(2)
@nkl hnipkljbs.
(6)
Iutuk` Fule Gblbfjt Hnipkljbs.
(1)
Hcjt fule hnipkljbs.
(3)
Wbsjeukry hnipkljbs.
_kab | 1
WN@B NF LNL-GKLDJLA FJLKLHJK@ HNI_KLJBX (;)
_rnintbs Rtj`jzktjnl nf Xkvjlas=
Lnl- Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Hnipkljbs p`ky kl jipnrtklt rn`b jl prnintjla tcb utj`jzktjnl nf skvjlas kinla pug`jh. LGFH‚s krb kg`b tn rbkhc hbrtkjl ebpnsjt
sbaiblts suhc ks ulnrakljzbe sbhtnr kle sik`` gnrrnwbrs wbrb hniibrhjk` gkld hkllnt rbkhc. Ucbsb hnipkljbs blhnurkab skvjlas kle prnintb hkrbfu` spblejla nf inlby wjtcnut iuhc wkstkab. Ucby nffbr kttrkhtjvb shcbibs tn sujt lbbes nf vkrjnus sbhtjnls nf tcb snhjbty. Ucby k`sn kttrkht je`b inlby gy nffbrjla kttrkhtjvb rktbs nf jltbrbst. Je`b inlby ibkls tcb inlby wcjhc pug`jh dbbp ksjeb, gut wcjhc js lnt usbe. Jt js surp`us inlby.
(7)
_rnvjebs Bksy, Ujib`y kle Rlusuk` Hrbejt=
LGFH‚s prnvjeb bksy kle tjib`y hrbejt tn tcnsb wcn lbbe jt. Ucb fnrik` jtjbs kle prnhbeurbs jl hksb nf LGFH‚s krb k`sn vbry `bss. LGFH‚s k`sn prnvjebs ulusuk`
hrbejt ibkls tcb hrbejt wcjhc js lnt usuk``y prnvjebe gy gklds suhc ks hrbejt fnr ikrrjkab bxpblsbs, rb`jajnus fulhtjnls, bth. Ucb LGFH‚s krb npbl tn k``. Bvbry nlb
wcbtcbr rjhc nr pnnr hkl usb tcbi khhnrejla tn tcbjr lbbes.
(8)
Fjlklhjk` Xupbrikrdbt=
LGFH‚s hrbktb k fjlklhjk` supbrikrdbt fnr hustnibrs gy nffbrjla k vkrjbty nf sbrvjhbs. Lnw, LGFH‚s krb prnvjejla k vkrjbty nf sbrvjhbs suhc ks iutuk` fules,
hnulsb`jla, ibrhcklt gkldjla, bth. kpkrt frni tcbjr trkejtjnlk` sbrvjhbs. Inst nf tcb LGFH‚s rbeuhb tcbjr rjsds gy bxpklejla tcbjr rklab nf prneuhts kle khtjvjtjbs.
_kab | 3
(5) Jlvbstjla Fules jl _rneuhtjvb _urpnsbs= LGFH‚s jlvbst tcb sik`` skvjlas jl prneuhtjvb purpnsbs. _rneuhtjvb purpnsbs
ibkl tcby jlvbst tcb skvjlas nf pbnp`b jl gusjlbssbs wcjhc ckvb tcb kgj`jty tn bkrl anne kinult nf rbturls. Fnr bxkip`b ‘ Jl hksb nf `bksjla hnipkljbs `bksb bqujpiblt tn jleustrjk`jsts, tcb jleustrjk`jsts hkl hkrry nl tcbjr prneuhtjnl wjtc `bss hkpjtk` kle tcb `bksjla hnipkly hkl k`sn bkrl anne kinult nf prnfjt.
(2)
_rnvjeb Cnusjla Fjlklhb=
LGFH‚s, ikjl`y tcb Cnusjla Fjlklhb hnipkljbs prnvjeb cnusjla fjlklhb nl bksy
tbri kle hnlejtjnls. Ucby p`ky kl jipnrtklt rn`b jl fu`fj``jla tcb gksjh cuikl lbbe nf cnusjla fjlklhb. Cnusjla Fjlklhb js ablbrk``y lbbebe gy ijee`b h`kss kle `nwbr ijee`b h`kss pbnp`b. Cblhb, LGFH‚s krb g`bssjla fnr tcbi.
(6)
_rnvjeb Jlvbstiblt Kevjhb=
LGFH‚s, ikjl`y jlvbstiblt hnipkljbs prnvjeb kevjhb rb`ktjla tn wjsb jlvbstiblt
nf fules ks wb`` ks cnw tn sprbke tcb rjsd gy jlvbstjla jl ejffbrblt sbhurjtjbs. Ucby prntbht tcb sik`` jlvbstnrs gy jlvbstjla tcbjr fules jl ejffbrblt sbhurjtjbs. Ucby prnvjeb vk`ukg`b sbrvjhbs tn jlvbstnrs gy hcnnsjla tcb rjact djle nf sbhurjtjbs wcjhc wj`` cb`p tcbi jl akjljla ikxjiui rktb nf rbturls. Cblhb, LGFH‚s p`kys kl
jipnrtklt rn`b gy prnvjejla snule kle wjsb jlvbstiblt kevjhb.
(1)
Jlhrbksb tcb Xtklekre nf `jvjla=
_bnp`b wjtc `bssbr ibkls krb lnt kg`b tn tkdb tcb gblbfjt nf vkrjnus annes wcjhc wbrb nlhb hnlsjebrbe ks `uxury gut lnw lbhbssjty, suhc ks hnlsuibr eurkg`bs `jdb Ub`bvjsjnl, Wbfrjabrktnrs, Kjr Hnlejtjnlbrs, Djthcbl bqujpiblts, bth. LGFH‚s
_kab | :
k`sn fkhj`jtktb tcb jiprnvbiblt jl trklspnrt fkhj`jtjbs tcrnuac cjrb- purhcksb fjlklhb, bth. Jiprnvbe kle jlhrbksbe trklspnrt fkhj`jtjbs cb`p jl invbiblt nf annes frni nlb p`khb tn klntcbr kle kvkj`kgj`jty nf annes jlhrbksb tcb stklekre nf `jvjla nf tcb snhjbty.
(3)
Khhbpt Ebpnsjts jl Vkrjnus Fnris=
LGFH‚s khhbpt ebpnsjts fnris hnlvbljblt tn pug`jh. Ablbrk``y, tcby rbhbjvb ebpnsjts frni pug`jh gy wky nf ebpnsjtnr k `nklbr jl kly fnri. Jl turl tcb LGFH‚s jssub ebgblturbs, uljts‚ hbrtjfjhktbs, skvjlas hbrtjfjhktbs, uljts, bth. tn tcb pug`jh.
(:)
_rnintb Bhnlnijh Arnwtc=
LGFH‚s p`ky k vbry jip nrtklt rn`b jl tcb bhnlnijh arnwtc nf tcb hnultry. Ucby
jlhrbksb tcb rktb nf arnwtc nf tcb fjlklhjk` ikrdbt kle prnvjeb k wjeb vkrjbty nf jlvbstnrs. Ucby wnrd nl tcb prjlhjp`b nf prnvjejla k anne rktb nf rbturl nl skvjla, wcj`b rbeuhjla tcb rjsd tn tcb ikxjiui pnssjg`b bxtblt. Cblhb, tcby cb`p jl tcb survjvk` nf gusjlbss jl tcb bhnlniy gy dbbpjla tcb hkpjtk` ikrdbt khtjvb kle gusy. Ucby k`sn blhnurkab tcb arnwtc nf wb``- nrakljzbe gusjlbss bltbrprjsbs gy jlvbstjla tcbjr fules jl bffjhjblt kle fjlklhjk``y snule gusjlbss bltbrprjsbs nl`y. Nlb ikmnr gblbfjt nf LGFH‚s spbhu`ktjvb gusjlbss ibkls jlvbstjla jl rjsdy
khtjvjtjbs. Ucb jlvbstjla hnipkljbs krb jltbrbstbe jl prjhb stkgj`jty kle cblhb LGFH‚s, ckvb k anne jlf`ublhb nl tcb stnhd - ikrdbt. LGFH‚s p`ky k vbry pnsjtjvb
kle khtjvb rn`b jl tcb ebvb`npiblt nf nur hnultry.
_kab | ;?
FRLHUJNLX NF LNL- GKLDJLA FJLKLHJK@ HNI_KLJBX (;)
Wbhbjvjla Gblbfjts=
Ucb prjikry fulhtjnl nf lgfhs js rbhbjvb ebpnsjts frni tcb pug`jh jl vkrjnus wkys suhc ks jssub nf ebgblturbs, skvjlas hbrtjfjhktbs, sugshrjptjnl, uljt hbrtjfjhktjnl, bth. tcus, tcb ebpnsjts nf lgfhs krb ikeb up nf inlby rbhbjvbe frni pug`jh gy wky nf ebpnsjt nr `nkl nr jlvbstiblt nr kly ntcbr fnri.
(7)
@blejla Inlby=
Klntcbr jipnrtklt fulhtjnl nf lgfhs js `blejla inlby tn pug`jh. Lnl- gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs prnvjeb fjlklhjk` kssjstklhb tcrnuac.
(k) Cjrb _urhcksb Fjlklhb= Cjrb purhcksb fjlklhb js ajvbl gy lgfhs tn cb`p sik`` jipnrtklt npbrktnrs, prnfbssjnlk`s, kle ijee`b jlhnib arnup pbnp`b tn guy tcb bqujpiblt nl tcb gksjs nl Cjrb purhcksb. Kftbr tcb `kst jlstk``iblt nf Cjrb purhcksb pkje gy tcb guybr, tcb nwlbrscjp nf tcb bqujpiblt pkssbs tn tcb guybr.
(g) @bksjla Fjlklhb= Jl `bksjla fjlklhb, tcb gnrrnwbr nf tcb hkpjtk` bqujpiblt js k``nwbe tn usb jt, ks k cjrb, kakjlst tcb pkyiblt nf k inltc`y rblt. Ucb gnrrnwbr lbbe lnt purhcksb tcb hkpjtk` bqujpiblt gut cb guys tcb rjact tn usb jt.
(h) Cnusjla Fjlklhb= LGFH‚s prnvjeb cnusjla fjlklhb tn tcb pug`jh, tcby fjlklhb fnr hnlstruhtjnl
nf cnusbs, ebvb`npiblt nf p`nts, `kle, bth.
_kab | ;;
(e) Ntcbr Uypbs nf Fjlklhb _rnvjebe gy LGFHs= Hnlsuiptjnl fjlklhb, fjlklhb fnr rb`jajnus hbrbinljbs, ikrrjkabs, snhjk` khtjvjtjbs, pkyjla nff n`e ebgts, bth. LGFHs prnvjeb bksy kle tjib`y fjlklhb kle ablbrk``y tcnsb hustnibrs wcjhc krb lnt kg`b tn abt fjlklhb gy gklds kpprnkhc tcbsb hnipkljbs.
(b) Jlvbstiblt nf Xurp`us Inlby= LGFHs jlvbst tcbjr surp`us inlby jl vkrjnus prnfjtkg`b krbks.
_kab | ;7
Hniibrhjk` Gkld (v/s) Lnl-Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Hnipkljbs Qcj`b hniibrhjk` gklds kle lnl-gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs krb gntc fjlklhjk` jltbribejkrjbs (ijee`bikl) rbhbjvjla ebpnsjts frni pug`jh kle `blejla tcbi. Hniibrhjk` gkld js hk``be ks ‐Gja grntcbr’ wcj`b tcb ‐LGFH’ js hk``be ks tcb ‐Xik`` grntcbr’. Gut tcbrb krb snib jipnrtklt ejffbrblhbs gbtwbbl gntc nf tcbi,
tcby krb ks fn``nws=
Ln. ;
7
8
Hniibrhjk` Gklds.
Lnl Gkld Fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs.
Jssub nf hcbqubs= Jl hksb nf hniibrhjk` gklds, k
Jl hksb nf LGFH‚s tcbrb js ln fkhj`jty
hcbqub hkl gb jssube kakjlst gkld
tn jssub hcbqubs kakjlst gkld
ebpnsjts.
ebpnsjts.
Wktb nf Jltbrbst= Hniibrhjk` gkld nffbr `bssbr rktb
LGFH‚s nffbr cjacbr rktb nf jltbrbst
nf jltbrbst nl ebpnsjts kle hckrab
nl ebpnsjts kle hckrab cjacbr rktb
`bss rktb nf jltbrbst nl `nkls ks
nf jltbrbst nl `nkls ks hnipkrbe tn
hnipkrbe tn LGFH‚s.
Hniibrhjk` gklds.
Fkhj`jtjbs _rnvjebe gy tcbi= Hniibrhjk` gklds hkl blmny tcb
LGFH‚s krb lnt ajvbl suhc fkhj`jtjbs.
gblbfjt nf hbrtkjl fkhj`jtjbs `jdb ebpnsjt jlsurklhb hnvbr fkhj`jtjbs, rbfjlklhjla fkhj`jtjbs, bth
_kab | ;8
5
@kw wcjhc anvbrls tcbi= Hniibrhjk` gklds krb rbau`ktbe gy Gkldjla Wbau`ktjnl Kht ;:5: kle WGJ.
LGFH‚s krb rbau`ktbe gy ejffbrblt
rbau`ktjnl suhc ks XBGJ, Hnipkljbs Kht, Lktjnlk` Cnusjla Gkld, Rljt Fule Kht kle WGJ.
2
Uypbs nf Kssbts= Hniibrhjk` gklds cn`e k vkrjbty nf
kssbts jl tcb fnri nf `nkls, hksc hrbejt, gj`` nf bxhcklab, nvbrerkft bth.
LGFH‚s spbhjk`jzb jl nlb typbs nf
kssbt. Fnr b.a.= Cjrb purhcksb hnipkljbs spbhjk`jzb jl hnlsuibr `nkls wcj`b Cnusjla Fjlklhb Hnipkljbs spbhjk`jzb jl cnusjla fjlklhb nl`y.
_kab | ;5
@jst nf Unp 7? Lnl-Gkldjla Fjlklhjk` Hnipkljbs jl Jlejk
Hnipkly Lkib
Ikrdbt Hkp. (Ws. Gj``jnl)*
CEFH
552.8
_nwbr Fjlklhb Hnrp.
;2?.;
Wb`jklhb Hkpjtk`
;?2.7
JEFH
11.;
Wurk` B`bhtrjhjty Hnrp.
61.5
Xcrbb A`ngk`
6;.2
Xcrjrki Urklspnrt Fjlklhb
8:.1
Gkmkm Fjlsbrv
71.;
Jlejkgu``s
72.1
Wb`jakrb Bltbrprjsbs
75.2
Gkmkm Cn`ejlas
78.2
I&I Fjlklhjk`
77.6
@JH Cnusjla Fjlklhb
7?.;
Beb`wbjss Hkpjtk`
;1.:
DAL Jleustrjbs
;1.;
Xcrjrki Hjty
;2.3
JFHJ
;2.3
MI Fjlklhjk`
;2.3
Jlejk Jlfn`jlb
;8.;
Hbltrui Fjlklhb
;;.;
_kab | ;2
HNLH@RXJNL= LGFHs krb akjljla inibltui jl `kst fbw ebhkebs wjtc wjeb vkrjbty nf prneuhts kle sbrvjhbs. LGFHs hn``bht pug`jh fules kle prnvjeb `nkl kg`b fules. Ucbrb cks gbbl sjaljfjhklt jlhrbksb jl suhc hnipkljbs sjlhb ;::?s. Ucby krb p`kyjla k vjtk` rn`b jl tcb ebvb`npiblt fjlklhjk` systbi nf nur hnultry. Ucb gkldjla sbhtnr js fjlklhjla nl`y 5? pbr hblt tn tcb trkejla sbhtnr kle rbst js hnijla frni tcb LGFH kle prjvktb inlby `blebrs. Kt tcb skib `jlb 2? pbr hblt nf tcb hrbejt rbqujrbiblt nf tcb iklufkhturjla js prnvjebe gy LGFHs. 62 pbr hblt nf tcb prjvktb hnlstruhtjnl khtjvjtjbs wks k`sn fjlklhbe gy LGFHs. Lnw tcby krb k`sn fjlklhjla sbhnle ckle vbcjh`bs. LGFHs hkl p`ky k sjaljfjhklt rn`b jl hckllb`jzjla tcb rbijttklhb frni kgrnke tn stktbs suhc ks Aumkrkt kle Dbrk`k. LGFHs jl Jlejk ckvb gbhnib prnijlblt jl k wjeb rklab nf khtjvjtjbs `jdb cjrb purhcksb fjlklhb, bqujpiblt `bksb fjlklhb, `nkls, jlvbstiblts, kle sn nl. LGFHs ckvb arbktbr rbkhc kle f`bxjgj`jty jl tkppjla rbsnurhbs. Jl ebspbrktb tjibs, LGFHs hnu`e survjvb nwjla tn tcbjr kaarbssjvb hckrkhtbr kle hustnijzbe sbrvjhbs. LGFHs krb enjla inrb fbb-gksbe gusjlbss tckl fule gksbe. Ucby krb fnhusjla lnw nl rbtkj`jla sbhtnr-cnusjla fjlklhb, pbrsnlk` `nkls, kle ikrdbtjla nf jlsurklhb. Ikly nf tcb LGFHs ckvb vblturbe jltn tcb enikjl nf iutuk` fules kle jlsurklhb. LGFHs ulebrtkdb gntc `jfb kle ablbrk` jlsurklhb gusjlbss ks mnjlt vblturb pkrtjhjpklts jl jlsurklhb hnipkljbs. Ucb strnla LGFHs ckvb suhhbssfu``y bibrabe ks –Fjlklhjk` Jlstjtutjnls‚ jl scnrt spkl nf tjib kle krb jl tcb prnhbss nf hnlvbrtjla tcbisb`vbs jltn –Fjlklhjk` Xupbr Ikrdbt‚.
_kab | ;6
Ucb LGFHs krb tkdjla jljtjktjvbs tn bstkg`jsc k sb`f-rbau`ktnry nrakljzktjnl (XWN). Kt prbsblt, LGFHs krb rbprbsbltbe gy tcb Kssnhjktjnl nf @bksjla kle Fjlklhjk` Xbrvjhbs (K@FX), Fbebrktjnl nf Jlejk Cjrb _urhcksb Kssnhjktjnl (FJC_K) kle Bqujpiblt @bksjla Kssnhjktjnl nf Jlejk (B@K). Ucb Wbsbrvb Gkld wklts tcbsb tcrbb jleustry gnejbs tn hnib tnabtcbr ulebr nlb rnnf. Ucb Wbsbrvb Gkld cks bipcksjs nl fnriktjnl nf XWN _krtjhu`kr`y fnr tcb gblbfjt nf sik``br LGFHs.
_kab | ;1
GJG@NAWK_CZ Gnnds= ;) Xtktutnry aujeklhb‚s fnr lnl - gkldjla fjlklhjk` hnipkljbs. ‘
Ukxikl.
Qbgsjtbs=
www.lgfh.hni
www.rgj.hni
www.cnwstuffwnrds.hni
www.Qjdjpbejk.hni
_kab | ;3
