Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Co-siting

471841A.101 Nokia Flexi EDGE Base Station, Rel. EP2, Product Documentation, v.1

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Co-siting

DN70530978 Issue 1-0 en 11/06/2008

# Nokia Siemens Networks

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The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nokia Siemens Networks customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be used, reproduced, modified or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Siemens Networks. The documentation has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Siemens Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation. The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products are given “as is” and all liability arising in connection with such hardware or software products shall be defined conclusively and finally in a separate agreement between Nokia Siemens Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Siemens Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Siemens Networks will, if deemed necessary by Nokia Siemens Networks, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia Siemens Networks will correct errors in this documentation as soon as possible. IN NO EVENT WILL NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY LOSSES, SUCH AS BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF PROFIT, REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY OR DATA, THAT MAY ARISE FROM THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION IN IT. This documentation and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrights and other intellectual property rights according to the applicable laws. The wave logo is a trademark of Nokia Siemens Networks Oy. Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens AG. Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective owners, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only. Copyright © Nokia Siemens Networks 2008. All rights reserved.

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Contents

Contents Contents 3 1

Overview of co-siting 5

2

Planning synchronisation and alarm management with co-siting 7

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Planning Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting installation 13 Supporting structures in co-siting 13 Cooling of installation room with co-siting 16 Weights of co-sited equipment 16 Mechanical modifications with co-siting 17 Cabinet and plinth distances with co-siting 17

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Planning co-site antenna systems 23 General principles of co-site antenna line implementation 23 New antennas and antenna lines for co-sited BTSs 24 Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) antenna sharing features 32 Use of MHAs in co-site antenna systems 35

5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.4 5.5

Planning co-site power and site support systems 37 General principles of power system re-dimensioning 37 Co-site compatible site support and battery backup systems 38 Calculation formula for dimensioning the site support system 39 Power consumption 39 Required battery capacity 39 Number of battery strings 40 Rectifier quantity and redundancy 40 Site support system cabling principle 42 Co-site fuses and breakers 45

6

Planning co-site transmission 47

7

Co-site commissioning 49

8

Co-site verification 53

9

Licensing with co-sites 55

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Overview of co-siting

1

Overview of co-siting Co-siting refers to the situation where a new BTS and other related telecom equipment are installed to an existing BTS site to constitute one functional entity with the existing site equipment. Furthermore, the existing equipment and the new equipment to be installed belong to different product families. The scope of this document is Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting with the following BTSs: .

Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS

.

Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS

.

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS

.

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS can also be co-located with Nokia and other vendors’ GSM or WCDMA BTSs on a shared site. Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS can also be installed inside existing Citytalk and other 3rd party cabinets. It also supports the use of existing site support systems in co-located cases. By installing new BTS equipment to existing BTS sites, the time and the money spent for site acquisition can be reduced, and the valuable site space is used to the best. Co-siting can be considered for both outdoor and indoor sites. Related documentation The following are useful references for Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting planning and installation:

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.

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Product Documentation

.

Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS Product Documentation

.

Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS Product Documentation


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.

Nokia ExtraTalk 2/SSS1100 Family Product Documentation

.

Nokia EDGE/WCDMA Antenna System Product Documentation

.

Nokia FlexiHopper (Plus) Product Documentation

.

Nokia UltraSite Support Product Documentation

.

Nokia UltraSite Support Optima Product Documentation

.

Nokia UltraSite Support Supreme Product Documentation

.

Nokia EmPower 1100-14 Product Documentation

.

Nokia EmPower 1100/1900 Product Documentation

.

Nokia EmPower 1900-8 Product Documentation

.

Other power products. See Documentation > Technical Documentation > Mechanics and Power Systems in NOLS.

See also Multimode configurations in Creating FCIA Configurations or Creating FCOA Configurations for instructions on creating Flexi EDGE and Flexi WCDMA BTS multimode configurations.

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Planning synchronisation and alarm management with co-siting

2

Planning synchronisation and alarm management with co-siting Synchronisation of Flexi EDGE BTS co-sites Synchronisation means that all the BTS sites in a synchronisation chain are fixed to a single clock reference. Synchronisation facilitates synchronised handovers and RF hopping between the sectors using the same frequency lists. Synchronisation also enables Multi BCF and Common BCCH application software products. In a synchronisation chain, Flexi EDGE BTS can only be added to other Flexi EDGE BTSs or Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTSs. Synchronisation does not apply to co-siting with WCDMA base stations. Synchronisation is implemented with a cable connection between Flexi EDGE BTS and the co-sited BTS(s). Cables are connected to the Sync In and/or Sync Out connectors on the System Module, depending on the configuration. Synchronisation is then activated in the BSC. Flexi EDGE BTS can be configured as slave or master in a synchronisation chain. In an UltraSite EDGE and Flexi EDGE BTS synchronisation chain, UltraSite EDGE BTS must be configured as master and Flexi EDGE BTS as slave. In an UltraSite EDGE and Flexi EDGE BTS synchronisation chain, make sure to use the OUT connector in UltraSite EDGE BTS, as both the IN and OUT connectors are D15 female connectors in UltraSite EDGE BTS. On activation, the frame clock (FCLK) and frame number (FNO) information is exchanged between the BTSs in the chain. This guarantees that the connections in different cells within the site are synchronised in a burst level.

Table 1.

Flexi EDGE BTS Synchronisation Cable Kits

Synchronisation Cable Kit

Supported configuration

ESUA

Flexi-UltraSite 12 m

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Table 1.

Flexi EDGE BTS Synchronisation Cable Kits (cont.)

ESFA

Flexi-Flexi 12 m

Caution Incorrect cables and seals may not provide secured environmental protection. Use only tested IP55 class cables with seals provided by Nokia Siemens Networks.

Synchronization

FNO/FCLK Out

UltraSite EDGE BTS (master)

Flexi EDGE BTS (slave)

DN70529407

Figure 1.

Flexi EDGE BTS and UltraSite synchronisation chain

The maximum number of clock-chained BCFs is 9, therefore up to 36+36 +36 configurations are possible within BSS12 and up to 36+36+36+36+36 +36 configurations in later releases. This can be achieved by daisychaining multiple Flexi EDGE BTSs together with a synchronisation cable (see figure Daisy chain). The maximum length of the daisy-chain is 100 m (328.1 ft.). In this scenario, the baseband processing and O&M functionality are separate for each System Module. This means that each System Module is seen as a separate BTS (BCF object).

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Maximum length 100 m (328.1 ft.)

Flexi EDGE BTS (Master)

Flexi EDGE BTS (Slave)

Flexi EDGE BTS (Slave)

Flexi EDGE BTS (Slave) DN70546347

Figure 2.

Daisy chain

Multi BCF Control and Common BCCH The synchronisation of Flexi EDGE BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTS makes it possible to use the Multi BCF Control and Common BCCH application software products. The implementation of Multi BCF Control and Common BCCH with Flexi EDGE co-sites requires release BSS12 or higher. Multi BCF Control allows combining resources of several physical base stations into one logical cell. This enables operators to increase the capacity of a cell, while maintaining maximum spectral efficiency. Multi BCF increases the Nokia UltraSite and Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS cell capacity to 36 TRXs, while requiring no extra broadcast control channels (BCCH).

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8 TRX

8 TRX 8 TRX

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS

BSC

BTS-1

Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS 4+4+4

Synchronization BSC

BTS-2 BTS-3

BSC BSC

O&M

Abis interface

O&M

DN70529419

Figure 3.

Flexi EDGE BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTS Multi BCF Control principle

Multi BCF introduces an architecture and radio network object called a segment (SEG), which is essentially the same as the telecom cell. One SEG may consist of several BTS objects.

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You can configure BTSs so that TRXs in different cabinets serve the same cell with a single BCCH. At the BSC, you can use a new SEG object to set all BTS objects to share the same BCCH. Several BTS objects can belong to one SEG; however, only one BTS object of the SEG can have a BCCH. For more detailed information on Multi BCF Control and Common BCCH, see the Multi BCF Control and Common BCCH Control documents in Nokia GSM/EDGE BSS, BSC and TCSM Product Documentation in NOLS. Co-site alarm management Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTSs are seen as separate entities by Nokia NetAct. The alarms are managed independently.

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Planning Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting installation

3 3.1

Planning Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting installation Supporting structures in co-siting In co-siting, the existing supporting structures on the site are to be utilised as much as possible and new supporting structures constructed only when necessary. The existing structures cannot be universally described, only assumptions can be made. The structural solutions must be investigated case by case. Only some general solutions are described here to give the reader an idea of a typical existing outdoor site to be co-sited. In basic outdoor site solutions, the sites are situated either on a rooftop location or on a ground location. In a rooftop solution, BTS are located on a rooftop of an existing building, whereas in a ground installation solution, BTSs and a mast are located on a field in a rural area. In both site solution types, the BTSs are bolted directly to a suitable galvanised frame or a concrete base supplied and installed by a subcontractor. On the roof, one antenna support pole can be integrated into the support frame as figure Outdoor rooftop site with one antenna pole integrated to the support frame of the BTSs shows. In addition, there might be one or two antenna supporting poles located at the far ends of the roof. The AC power to the equipment stand can be taken from the existing main distribution board of the building and wired to the roof level where the site distribution board is located. The distribution board and an optional kWhmeter can be located in a separate weatherproof cabinet as the following figure shows. The kWh-meter can also be located close to the existing main distribution board of the building.

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Antenna pole

Cable tray

Ac distribution cabinet

Working platform

Bearer foot DN70529422

Figure 4.

Outdoor rooftop site with one antenna pole integrated to the support frame of the BTSs

The earthing and lightning protection of the equipment is made according to the local standards and connected to the building's existing earth electrode when possible. The main parameters and materials for the site earthing are site-specific and defined according to the local standards and regulations.

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Antenna support structures The antenna support structures are designed to host panel antennas and microwave antennas. The maximum number of antennas that the structure can bear is site-specific. The maximum twist and tilt for the microwave dishes have been considered in the design of the product, and the normal limit value used is ± 0.5º at operational wind speed. The operational wind speed is site-specific. Usually the operational wind speed is 0.8 x reference wind speed. The antenna supporting structures can consist of a triangle steel ballast type non-roof penetrating pole structure. The pole is supported by a steel frame, which is fixed on concrete ballast blocks. Another typical solution for antenna supporting structures is a wall or roof parapet fixed pole structure. The poles are supported and fixed to external wall or through wall structure by steel fixing parts. Panel antennas and microwave links can also be assembled to wall poles fixed directly on an external wall. BTS support structures The most common type of the cabinet stand is a steel frame. The frame can be fixed on a rooftop slab, but in many cases it is a free standing solution as in the diagram. There are some basic solutions for the bearing structure. One possibility is to bring all loads from equipment and the frame itself to the vertical supporting structures of the building, meaning main walls and columns (see figure Outdoor rooftop site with one antenna pole integrated to the support frame of the BTSs). In that case a span between bearer feet can be as long as 6… 7 m (19.7 - 23 ft). The other is to spread the load on a wider area using many bearer feet. The deflection of the frame should be considered when defining the free space between BTSs, especially in the case of the longer bearer feet span. Fixing points for the BTSs can be holes in steel beams, but an anchor hole with fixed depth dimension for all BTSs provides a chance to use a sliding fixing points on C-channels like the figure Flexible sliding fixing system for BTSs shows. It is a flexible fixing system for all types of BTSs giving freedom in combining BTS types.

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C-channel

Anchor bolts

DN03285569

Figure 5.

3.2

Flexible sliding fixing system for BTSs

Cooling of installation room with co-siting An indoor co-site installation may require an expansion of the cooling system in the equipment room to keep the temperature on site within acceptable limits. For the heat dissipation of the products, see the product description documents of the products in question. Air circulation in the Flexi EDGE BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTS is routed from back to front. This must be taken into account when planning the cooling system for the installation room.

3.3

Weights of co-sited equipment Check the weights of the co-sited equipment and units. The floor of the installation space must be strong enough to carry the extra weight load caused by the additional equipment. For the weights of the co-sited equipment and units, see the product description documents of the products in question.

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3.4

Mechanical modifications with co-siting No mechanical modifications or bridge kits are required for co-siting with Nokia UltraSite BTS. Mechanical modifications are required when Flexi EDGE BTS is installed inside existing Citytalk cabinets. In this case, a Flexi Talk conversion kit (EMIA) is required. For details, see Installing Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Modules in Citytalk Cabinet. If Rx diversity sharing is used between Flexi EDGE and Nokia UltraSite BTSs, custom RF cables are needed. For more information, see section Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) antenna sharing features.

3.5

Cabinet and plinth distances with co-siting General limitations There are three major factors that have an effect on the distance between the Flexi EDGE and other BTSs: .

The synchronisation of the cabinets allows for a maximum cable length of 100 m (328 ft.). The longest synchronisation cable that Nokia Siemens Networks provides is 12 m (39.4 ft.). If you use longer custom cables, use a seal provided by Nokia Siemens Networks.

.

If RF diversity cabling between the BTSs is implemented with custom cables, the maximum distance between the BTSs is based on the cable length. For more information, see Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) antenna sharing features.

.

Whenever a site support system is used, the DC and alarm cable length may limit the installation distance from the site support cabinet to the BTS cabinet.

Cabinet and plinth clearances When Flexi EDGE BTS is installed next to an UltraSite or other Flexi BTS, standard clearances apply to all dimensions except the distance between the cabinets or plinths.

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The following figures show the distances between cabinets or plinths for common Flexi EDGE co-siting cases. For all other cases (for example power or 3rd party cabinets), use the greater side clearance of the two entities as the required distance. Note that the back clearance for the FCIA and stack varies depending on whether back access is used for fan maintenance. If so, the clearance should be 500 mm (19.7 in.) with side access. 75 mm (3 in.)

75 mm (3 in.)

fixing points

fixing points

75 mm (3.0 in.)

225 mm ( 8.9 in.) DN70530521

Figure 6.

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Distance between a stack and FCOA or UltraSite outdoor cabinet


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75 mm (3 in.) 71.5 mm (2.8 in.)

fixing points

75 mm (3.0 in.)

221.5 mm ( 8.7 in.) DN70530557

Figure 7.

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Distance between a stack and FCIA or UltraSite indoor cabinet


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575(22.6in.)

150(5.9in.)

620(24.4in.)

620(24.4in.) DN70530569

Figure 8.

Distance between FCOA and UltraSite outdoor cabinet or FCOA

305mm (12 in.)

148 mm ( 5.8 in.)

71.5 (2.8 in.) DN70530572

Figure 9.

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Distance between FCIA and UltraSite indoor cabinet or FCIA


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fixing points

fixing points

150 mm (5.9 in.)

300 mm (11.9 in.) DN70530584

Figure 10.

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Distance between two stacks


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Planning co-site antenna systems

4 4.1

Planning co-site antenna systems General principles of co-site antenna line implementation The evolution of the antenna system is one of the most complex issues concerning the co-siting of EDGE and WCDMA base stations. While the actual cost for the antenna line is not a major part of the site cost, the costs associated with making alterations to the existing site to accommodate the changes to the existing antenna system are significant. This has an impact also on the ability to evolve the site to accommodate new technologies. When planning a new antenna system, a number of technical and practical issues need to be taken into consideration, for example: .

The space that is required for additional antennas. In some cases, such as tower sites, the structure may not be able to support extra antennas.

.

The space that is required for additional feeders. There must be enough space where the feeders enter the building.

.

The durability of the mast. The wind load in the mast becomes greater when new antennas are added.

.

Obtaining a permission from the authorities or landlord to install new antenna lines.

To minimise the work when a WCDMA BTS is introduced to an existing EDGE BTS site, a part of the existing antenna infrastructure can be reused. The antenna system can be shared either fully or partially based on the intended configuration and existing antenna scheme.

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4.2

New antennas and antenna lines for co-sited BTSs Separate antennas and antenna lines If antenna line losses are the main concern, the best solution is to install new antennas and antenna lines for the co-sited GSM/EDGE BTS. By doing so, the extra losses generated by combiners or diplexers are avoided. This is also the most straight-forward way of antenna line implementation. The use of separate antennas for both BTSs may, however, prove difficult because of the lack of installation space and extra installation work needed. The following figures show examples of co-sited BTSs with separate antennas and antenna lines.

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Flexi EDGE TX/RX UltraSite EDGE TX/RX

M A I N

M A I N

D I V

D I V

Flexi EDGE BTS

UltraSite EDGE BTS DN70529434

Figure 11.

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Flexi EDGE and UltraSite EDGE co-site without antenna sharing


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WCDMA GSM Antenna Antenna X

X

X

X

X

X

GSM/EDGE WCDMA BTS BTS DN02230444

Figure 12.

Flexi EDGE and Flexi WCDMA co-site without antenna sharing

Separate antennas with shared antenna lines Existing antennas and antenna lines can be used if the Nokia Antenna Line system is installed with an existing EDGE site by using triplexers and diplexers.

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.

Diplexers combine and separate two bands such as WCDMA 2100 and GSM 1800.

.

Triplexers combine and separate three bands such as WCDMA, GSM 900 and GSM 1800 to a common feeder line.


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In addition, Nokia Multiradio Combiners (MRC) can also be used. For more details, see Nokia EDGE/WCDMA Antenna System Product Documentation. Antenna lines can be shared either fully or partially, based on the intended configuration and existing antenna scheme. Feeder sharing reduces costs because it decreases the amount of money spent on extra feeders. It also reduces installation costs because less feeders reduce tower rent and tower weight loading. When separate antennas are used for EDGE and WCDMA and a shared antenna feeder line is used, it is necessary to install one diplexer/triplexer at the BTS end of the antenna line and another at the antenna end. The use of diplexers/triplexers reduces the number of antenna feeder lines, but adds an extra insertion loss for the bands in question. The following figures show examples of EDGE and WCDMA diplexers and triplexers with shared antenna lines.

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Dual Band antenna with integrated diplexers

TX or RX

Diplexer

Flexi EDGE BTS 900

UltraSite EDGE BTS 1800 DN70529446

Figure 13.

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Flexi EDGE/UltraSite EDGE dual band antenna sharing arrangement with diplexer (a 900 MHz/1800 MHz example)


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Dual Band antenna without integrated diplexers

MHA UltraSite 1800

DC block Diplexer

Diplexer DC block

Bias-Tee

Flexi EDGE BTS 900

UltraSite EDGE BTS 1800

DN70529461

Figure 14.

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Flexi EDGE/UltraSite EDGE dual band antenna sharing arrangement with MHA (a 900 MHz/1800 MHz example)


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GSM Antenna

WCDMA Antenna

X

X

X

X

X

X

Diplexer

Diplexer

GSM/EDGE BTS

WCDMA BTS DN02230456

Figure 15.

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Flexi EDGE/WCDMA co-site with separate antennas and shared antenna line with diplexers


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GSM900 GSM1800 WCDMA Antenna Antenna Antenna X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Triplexer

Triplexer

GSM/EDGE 900 BTS

GSM/EDGE WCDMA BTS 1800 BTS DN02230468

Figure 16.

Flexi EDGE 900/800/WCDMA co-site with separate antennas and shared antenna line with triplexers

If co-siting with Flexi WCDMA BTS, check that the existing antenna feeder cables are optimised for the WCDMA frequency band. If new antenna feeder cables are installed, check that they are optimised for the wanted frequency band. When adding a new antenna feeder cable, it is necessary that grounding kits are installed to provide a lightning discharge path.

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4.3

Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) antenna sharing features The Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) can be configured to share the Rx diversity signal between Flexi EDGE BTS and an external BTS. Antenna sharing is not supported in feederless configurations. The following Dual Duplexer Module interfaces can be used for sharing Rx signals: .

ExtA and RxAO are used to provide an external BTS with the RX diversity signal from ANT A.

.

RxAI is used to receive Rx signal input from an external BTS source. It is connected to RxA1-4.

.

ExtB is used to provide an external BTS with the RX diversity signal from ANT B.

Note that the pre-installed RxAO-RxAI cable on the Dual Duplexer Module must remain connected for all standard, non-antenna sharing configurations. It is required for a complete RF path from ANT A to RxA1-4. See figure Dual Duplexer Module main blocks in Dual Duplexer Module (ERxA) main blocks. Custom RF cables are required between the Dual Duplexer Module and an external BTS. The QMA interface on the Flexi EDGE BTS side must use IP QMA boots approved by Nokia Siemens Networks. Common cases for Dual Duplexer Module antenna sharing are (see also the following figures):

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.

Flexi EDGE BTS provides Rx diversity signal to an external BTS . Pre-installed RF cable from RxAO to RxAI stays connected . RF cables are connected from ExtA and ExtB to an external BTS

.

Flexi EDGE BTS uses an external BTS RX signal for RX diversity . RF cable is connected from an external BTS to RxAI . No RF cables are connected to ExtA, RxAO, and ExtB.

.

Flexi EDGE BTS provides Rx diversity signal to an external BTS and uses an external BTS RX signal for RX diversity


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RF cable is connected from an external BTS to RxAI RF cables are connected from ExtA and ExtB to an external BTS. RxAO can also be used to provide an Rx diversity signal to an external BTS.

. .

The RX signals with co-sited antenna lines must be at the same level.

ExtA

RxB1 RxB2 RxB3 RxB4

RxA4 RxA3 RxA2 RxA1

TxA

RxAI

ExtB

TxB

RxAO RX from antenna A to external BTS

RX from antenna B to external BTS DN70481197

Figure 17.

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Flexi EDGE BTS provides Rx diversity signal to an external BTS


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ExtA

RxB1 RxB2 RxB3 RxB4

RxA4 RxA3 RxA2 RxA1

TxA

RxAI

RxAO

ExtB TxB

RX from external BTS to RxA1-4

Figure 18.

DN70481204

Flexi EDGE BTS uses an external BTS RX signal for RX diversity

ExtA

RxB1 RxB2 RxB3 RxB4

RxA4 RxA3 RxA2 RxA1

TxA RxAI

ExtB

TxB

RX from antenna A to external BTS RxAO

RX from antenna B to external BTS

RX from antenna A to external BTS RX from external BTS to RxA1-4

Figure 19.

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DN70481216

Flexi EDGE BTS provides Rx diversity signal to an external BTS and uses an external BTS RX signal for RX diversity


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4.4

Use of MHAs in co-site antenna systems Nokia Antenna Line Dual Mast Head Amplifier (MHA) unit is designed specifically for the Nokia Antenna System to be used with Nokia Flexi, UltraSite, and MetroSite BTSs. For more details about the unit, see the Nokia EDGE/WCDMA Antenna System Product Documentation in NOLS. With Flexi EDGE BTS, gain settings of the internal low-noise amplifier in the Dual Duplexer (ERxA) and Remote Tune Combiner (ECxA) Modules are adjusted automatically during commissioning when a high gain MHA is used and feeder loss value is entered. This ensures an optimal RF performance of the BTS RX chain. When the Rx antenna is co-sited and the Rx diversity is taken from the other cabinet, the MHA type must be set to 'None' during commissioning (applies with both the Dual Duplexer and Remote Tune Combiner Module).

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Planning co-site power and site support systems

5 5.1

Planning co-site power and site support systems General principles of power system redimensioning Note that details of assembling or re-dimensioning power systems are always dependent on the rules and regulations of your country. Flexi EDGE BTS can be used with existing Talk-family and UltraSite site support systems or with new site support systems provided by Nokia Siemens Networks. The existing site support system may need to be upgraded if the battery backup time is not sufficient for the new site or if the rectifiers, circuit breakers, fuses, or cables cannot feed the required current for the larger configuration. In terms of site space and work load, the most feasible solution is to expand the existing site support system as much as possible. If the existing site support system cannot be expanded enough to provide support for the co-site, the site support system must be changed altogether into a more powerful site support system. If there is enough installation space available, a combination of existing and new site support systems can be used to support large configurations requiring a long back-up time. Because of the expanded site set-up, the site cooling system in indoor sites may also have to be upgraded. The upgrade of site cooling also increases the site power consumption. The increased site power consumption may also require an upgrade to the existing site mains power feed, transient protection, and fuses.

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Check the weights of the co-sited equipment and units. The floor of the installation space must be strong enough to carry the extra weight load caused by the additional equipment. Note that different site support systems cannot be connected together because of different output voltages.

5.2

Co-site compatible site support and battery backup systems The following site support and battery backup systems provided by Nokia Siemens Networks can be used for Flexi and UltraSite co-sites: .

Nokia UltraSite Support

.

Nokia UltraSite Support Optima

.

Nokia UltraSite Support Supreme

.

Nokia EmPower 1100-14

.

Nokia EmPower 1100/1900

.

Nokia EmPower 1900-8

.

Nokia ExtraTalk 2/SSS1100 Family

In addition, the Flexi EDGE BTS battery backup system can be considered as an additional site support in a co-site. The Flexi EDGE BTS MIBBU consists of WPUB/C, WPMB/C, FRMA, FRMB, or FRMC. The optional Flexi Power Module (FPMA) includes an AC connection box, DC cable set, and a support frame for the power sub-modules (FPAA and FPBA). It supports 1-phase and 3-phase AC input. The Flexi Power Battery Sub-Module (FPBA), which is installed in the FPMA, provides short-term battery backup time when the AC power mains is down on a Flexi BTS site. For more details about these power systems, see the appropriate product documentation listed in Overview of co-siting.

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5.3

Calculation formula for dimensioning the site support system This section gives the formula for calculating the expansion need of the site support or battery backup system. Based on these calculations, you can select the appropriate site support or battery backup system for the cosite.

5.3.1

Power consumption The power consumption of the whole co-sited system is determined by calculating the following consumptions and adding the values together: .

Power consumption of BTS

.

Power consumption of radio link equipment (RLE)

.

Additional customer power consumption

For power consumption of the different products, see

5.3.2

.

BTS power consumption in Requirements for Installation and Operation for Flexi EDGE BTS

.

Requirements for Flexi WCDMA BTS Installation and Operation, in Flexi WCDMA Base Station Product Documentation

.

UltraSite EDGE BTS Site Requirements, in UltraSite EDGE BTS Product Documentation

Required battery capacity Required battery capacity is determined by dividing Total [W] by 24 Cell and multiplied by aging factor (1.25).

Total [W] 24 Cell

= Required battery capacity in W/Cell - value DN02230526

Figure 20.

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Required battery capacity


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Refer to battery manufacturer’s constant power table (1.75 VPC battery end-voltage) for W/Cell value of any desired back-up time.

5.3.3

Number of battery strings The number of battery strings is determined by dividing the required battery capacity W/Cell-value by the W/Cell-value for the desired back-up time.

Required battery capacity in W/Cell - value W/Cell - value at desired back up time*

= Number of battery string(s)

* refer to battery manufacturer’s constant power table DN02230538

Figure 21.

5.3.4

Number of battery strings

Rectifier quantity and redundancy The rectifier quantity and redundancy can be calculated either according to load or according to battery recharge time. Redundancy according to load For calculating the rectifier quantity with redundancy according to load, two basic calculations must be made:

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Maximum current of power system

.

I

max

=

Total [W] U min

Number of rectifiers =

I max

+1

I Max Module

DN02230553

Figure 22.

Load and charge power of batteries

.

P

= Total [W] +

Total

Maximum current of power system

Back up time (h)

x Total [W] Recharge time (default = 10h)


P Total P

Module

= Power output of one rectifier module DN02234943

Figure 23.

Load and power charge of batteries, redundancy according to load

For the Umin (minimum voltage) and Imax (maximum current) values for different rectifier modules, see the appropriate product documentation. The calculation that results in a bigger value is applicable. Redundancy according to recharge time If rectifier redundancy is dimensioned according to recharge time, only the calculation based on load and power charge of batteries must be made.

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P

Total

= Total [W] +

Back up time (h)

x Total [W] Recharge time (default = 10h)


P Total P

Module

= Power output of one rectifier

+1

DN02234955

Figure 24.

5.4

Load and power charge of batteries, redundancy according to recharge time

Site support system cabling principle Co-site grounding (earthing) The protective grounding (earthing) is done separately for all BTSs in a cosite. The ground cables from each BTS are routed as directly as possible from the equipment to the main ground busbar (see figure Co-site ground cabling principle). Nokia Site Support cabinet determines the grounding principle on the site. Ensure that the grounding principles are the same for all base stations and site support cabinets. Also make sure that the batteries in site support cabinet are grounded according to the instructions in the Product Documentation.

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Ground (earth) cables

UltraSite EDGE BTS

grounding point

OEM Power System Cabinet Flexi WCDMA BTS

Flexi EDGE BTS

Main ground (earth) busbar DN70529473

Figure 25.

Co-site ground cabling principle

DC cabling from site support to BTSs When Flexi EDGE BTS is introduced to an existing BTS site, the DC cable from the site support cabinet must be run separately to all BTS cabinets. See figure DC cabling principle. For instructions on connecting DC cable to each BTS or site support solution, see the appropriate Product Documentation. Whenever a site support system is used, the DC cable length limits the installation distance from the site support cabinet to the BTS cabinet. The cross-section of the DC cable can be:

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.

33.6 to 50 mm2 (AWG 2 to AWG 1/0) in Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS

.

25 to 35 mm2 (AWG 4 to AWG 2/0) in Flexi EDGE BTS

.

25 to 35 mm2 (AWG 4 to AWG 2/0) in Flexi WCDMA BTS


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DC cables

UltraSite EDGE BTS

OEM Power System Cabinet Flexi WCDMA BTS

Flexi EDGE BTS DN70529543

Figure 26.

Co-site DC cabling principle

Two separate BS numbers are needed if a site consists of two separate site support systems. An example of this is an UltraSite EDGE BTS with IBBU and two Flexi BTSs using a separate site support system. DC cables

Site Support Cabinet

Flexi WCDMA BTS

Flexi EDGE BTS

UltraSite EDGE BTS

UltraSite EDGE BTS with IBBU

DN70529485

Figure 27.

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DC cabling when two site support system are used


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Site support alarms An alarm cable can be installed for connecting the co-sited BTSs to the site support system alarm output. The alarm information from the site support solution is conveyed via external alarm cables (EAC) to the Flexi EDGE BTS. Q1 connection can be used for Flexi EDGE BTS for alarms in Talk-family swap-out cases so that legacy radio links do not need to be changed. The Flexi EDGE Q1 Cable (EQCA) 3.01 m (9.9 ft) 471384A is available for this purpose. Nokia Siemens Networks recommends that the EAC connection is used as the primary connection mode. Note that the distance between the site support cabinet and Flexi EDGE BTS is limited by the alarm cable length. To connect the WPUB, WPUC, FPMA and FPDA alarms, the FPA connector on the System Module is used.

5.5

Co-site fuses and breakers Flexi EDGE BTS, Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS, and Flexi WCDMA BTS must be protected with separate fuses. The fuse rating is dependent on the power load. For selecting the correct fuse rating, see the Product Documentation of the BTSs in question.

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Planning co-site transmission

6

Planning co-site transmission This section addresses issues that must be considered when planning the implementation of Flexi EDGE BTS co-siting with the UltraSite EDGE, Flexi WCDMA and UltraSite WCDMA BTSs, and additional systems (as described in Overview of co-siting) for transmission on site-level. Transmission upgrade principles New technologies and services will increase the transmission capacity demand. The existing transmission solution is not always capable of expanding to the new needs. The Flexi EDGE BTS provides a comprehensive capacity and flexibility solution. The Abis interface of the existing equipment can be connected to the Flexi EDGE BTS where it can be groomed and cross-connected with the new transmission, allowing Flexi EDGE transmission solutions to be available. The cross-connections function defines how signals are routed from a transmission interface to another transmission interface. They are the basic building blocks for creating the path for transmitting the Abis capacity from the BSC to the BTS via interconnecting nodes. If there are changes in the traffic allocation during co-siting expansions, this must be taken into account in the cross-connection. The Nokia PDH Loop Protection functionality provides instant recovery from transmission failures in a network of network elements, where each element is assigned two independent transmission routes. If there is a fault in one route, the system switches traffic, synchronisation and Q1 management functions to the intact route. When changing the topology from a chain configuration to loop protection during co-siting expansions, define the parameter and condition bits with the Flexi EDGE BTS Manager. The Abis protection menu allows you to specify a protecting interface for the traffic allocations created on the selected interface. You also need to configure the synchronisation protection, and the traffic of the other BTSs in the loop must be by-passed with bi-directional crossconnections. If BSC polling is used for transmission supervision, Q1 loop protection must also be configured. The settings must match the loop master settings.

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To expand transmission capacity, connect additional transmission interfaces to the transmission sub-module when needed. For more details on transmission interface expansions, see Transmission expansion principles in document Expanding Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS.

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Co-site commissioning

7

Co-site commissioning Flexi EDGE and UltraSite EDGE BTS co-sites For Flexi EDGE and UltraSite EDGE co-sites, the only effect to commissioning is the synchronisation cable. Flexi EDGE BTS is commissioned in the 'autodetect' mode: when the synchronisation cable is connected, it automatically detects the presence of the Frame Clock and 13 MHz clock. When Flexi EDGE BTS is synchronised to another BTS and acts as the slave BTS, the clock synchronisation state is 'Slave'. When Flexi EDGE BTS is not co-sited, the state is 'Independent'. See the following example figures. The master-slave relationship is established at the BSC. For the master cabinet Clock Source, synchronisation settings and associated slave BCFs are defined. For the slave BTS, there are no additional settings needed to define this relationship.

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Figure 28.

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Commissioning when Flexi EDGE BTS is synchronised to another BTS


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Co-site commissioning

Figure 29.

Commissioning when Flexi EDGE BTS is not co-sited

Flexi EDGE and WCDMA BTS co-sites For Flexi EDGE and WCDMA co-sites, each BTS is commissioned separately as instructed in Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Commissioning and Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS Commissioning, Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base Station Product Documentation.

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Co-site verification

8

Co-site verification To verify the co-site, run the BTS tests described in Testing Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS. In general, the site should be fully commissioned with no alarms, and calls should be going through each sector.

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Licensing with co-sites

9

Licensing with co-sites In Flexi EDGE and UltraSite BTS co-sites, the main difference in licensing is transmission licences. Flexi EDGE BTS uses transmission licences while UltraSite EDGE BTS does not. In Flexi EDGE and UltraSite EDGE co-sites, the UltraSite will likely be used for transmission with the needed Abis timeslots dropped to Flexi EDGE as a point-to-point connection. This is especially true with Flexbus, and it eliminates the need for new Flexbus licences. In Flexi EDGE and Flexi WCDMA BTS co-sites, each BTS is its own entity, and normal licensing rules for each BTS apply. For more information on licensing, see:

DN70530978 Issue 1-0 en 11/06/2008

.

Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Feature Descriptions

.

Licensing in BSC in Nokia GSM/EDGE BSS, BSC and TCSM Product Documentation

.

Flexi WCDMA BTS Description in Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base Station Product Documentation


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Nokia Flexi EDGE BTS Co-siting

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