Neoplasia 1. A malignant epithelial cell neoplasm derived from any of the three(e) germ layers is referred to as: A. Sarcoma B. Carcinoma C. Teratoma D. Mixed cell tumor E. Adenoma 2. The study of neoplastic growths is referred to as: A. Tetralogy B. Anaplasia C. Oncology D. Neoplasia E. Dysplasia 3. A benign epithelial cell neoplasm derived from non-glandular surfaces is referred to as: A. Papilloma B. Sarcoma C. Adenoma D. Hamartoma E. Squamous cell carcinoma 4. Which one of the following is not considered to be a distinctive pattern of non-neoplastic growth? A. Regeneration B. Hypertrophy C. Hyperplasia' D. Anaplasia E. Metaplasia 5. Each of the following is an anaplastic change except: A. Pleomorphism and hyperchromatism B. Increased mitosis and abnormal mitotic figures C. Nuclei that vary in shape and size D. Presence of undifferentiated cells E. Presence of abundant chromatin in cytoplasmic organelles 6. Liver nodules that consist of congenital localized overgrowth of mature hepatocytes are referred to as: A. Hepatomas B. Hamartomas C. Benign sarcomas D. Nodular hyperplasia E. Bile duct anaplasia 7. Which of the following is least likely to be used as a means of distinguishing a benign from a malignant neoplasm? A. Degree of cellular differentiation
B. Rate of growth C. Type and amount of necrosis D. Evidence of metastasis E. Mode of spread 8. Which one of the following neoplasms is highly invasive but seldom spread by metastisis? A. Papillomas of the skin B. Squamous cell carcinomas of the skin C. Adenocarcinomas of the lungs D. Basal cell carcinomas of the skin E. Osteogenic sarcomas of the limbs 9. Which one of the following features is more characteristic of a benign than a malignant neoplasm A. Grows by expansion and implantation occurs frequently B. Metastasizes if the brain is the site of origin C. Usually non-encapsulated and necrosis seldom occurs D. Tend to recur after surgical removal E. Usually occur singly and do not recur after surgical removal 10.10. which of the following is least likely to be the primary cause of neoplastic tranformation in animals A. Rna oncogenic viruses B. Radiation C. Chemical carcinogens D. Immunologic reactions mediated by ige E. Dna oncogenic viruses 11.There are at least three (3) groups of dna viruses known to have strong oncogenic potential in animal systems. Which one of the following is true for dna viruses with the capability of causing neoplastic transformation A. A. dna viruses do not replicate within host cells in which they induce neoplastic transformation B. B. dna viruses are able to replicate within host cells and at the same time induce neoplastic transformation C. C. defective dna oncogenic viruses which lack the genetic information necessary for replication are unable to cause neoplastic transformation D. D. dna oncogenic viruses will cause neoplastic
transformation only in cells derived from animal species that are the normal host for the virus E. E. oncogenic dna viruses possess the genetic information for the synthesis of rna-dependent dna polymerase which is a requirement for neoplastic transformation F. Answer: A 12.Which one of the following is a feature of rna retroviruses A. Rna retroviruses do not replicate within host cells in which they induce neoplastic transformation B. Rna retroviruses will cause neoplastic transformation only within non-permissive cells derived from species that are not the normal host of the viruses C. Rna retroviruses are able to replicate within host cells and at the same time induce neoplastic transformation D. Rna retroviruses possess the genetic information for the synthesis of reverse transcriptase which causes neoplastic transformation when inserted into the mitochondria of susceptible cells E. When rna retroviruses induce cellular transformation, complete virons are not produced and/or released 13.More than 200 years ago, the London surgeon sir Percival Pott correctly attributed scrotal skin cancer in chimney sweeps to chronic exposure to soot. Today, many chemical agents are well-established carcinogens. which one of the following is not true for chemical carcinogens A. Chemical carcinogens are of diverse structure and both synthetic and natural products are capable of causing neoplastic transformation B. There is strong evidence that carcinogenic chemicals ultimately exert their effect by binding to dna to induce a mutation
C. Chemical carcinogenesis is dosedependent and the effects are irreversible carconogenic effect, but they augment the action of cocarcinogens D. In chemical carcinogenesis, there is a lag period between exposure and the appearance of neoplasms E. Procarcinogens are chemical agents which by themselves have no carcinogenic effect, but they augment the action of cocarcinogens 14.Which one of the following is considered to be the hallmark of malignancy A. Anaplasia and the rate of growth of the neoplastic mass B. Metastasis and the degree of encapsulation of the neoplastic mass C. Formation of giant cells and cellular anaplasia within and around the neoplastic mass D. Presence of undifferentiated cells and evidence of metastasis E. Cellular anaplasia and growth by expansion of the neoplastic mass 15.Metastasis refers to the spread of neoplastic cells from one part of the body to another. Which one of the following is true for metastasic neoplasms in animals. A. A. the lungs, heart, and brain are considered to be the most common sites for tumor emboli to lodge B. B. there is a tendency for sarcomas to metastasize by way of lymphatic, whereas connective tissue neoplasms tend to metastasize by way of the bloodstream C. C. there is a tendency for connective tissue neoplasms to metastasize by way of lymphatic, whereas carcinomas tend to metastasize by implantation D. D. it is more common for carcinomas to metastasize by way of lymphatics, whereas sarcomas tend to metastasize by way of the bloodstream with a high degree of frequency
E. E. well-differentiated benign neoplasms are more likely to metastasize to remote sites in the body than anaplastic neoplasms 16.Which of the following is an appropriate definition of a neoplasm? A. The term neoplasm refers to a new growth of tissue in which the growth rate is similar and is coordinated with that of normal tissue; it serves no useful function, and persists in the same excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change B. The term neoplasm refers to a new growth of tissue in which the growth rate exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissue; it serves no useful function, and regulatory mechanisms of cell contact inhibition, differentiation, and mitosis are defective; it persists in the same excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change. C. The term neoplasm refers to a controlled new growth of cells in which regulatory mechanisms of differentiation and mitosis are defective, but cell contact inhibition is normal; such a growth abates when the inciting stimulus is removed and/or destroyed D. The term neoplasm refers simply to a swelling of tissue; however, the term is often used synonymously with cancer. E. The term neoplasia refers to a new growth of cells that is well differentiated, is not life threatening, grows rather slowly, will not metastasize, and is amendable to treatment. F. Answer: B 17.19. the process of neoplastic cells moving through the circulatory system and becoming lodged in a vessel causing obstruction is referred to as: 18.A. anaplasia 19.B. neoplasia 20.C. thrombosis 21.D. transplantation
22.E. embolism 23.Answer: E 24. 25.20. age and sex are considered to be important factors that predispose animals to neoplasia. which one of the following is not true for these two predisposing factors? 26.A. neoplasms are usually more frequent in older than in younger animals 27.B. sarcomas are more common in younger animals than neoplasms derived from epithelial cells 28.C. in general, the incidence of neoplasms in the two sexes is approximately the same; however, the type of neoplasms vary 29.D. the canine transmissible veneral tumors are more common in relatively young dogs during the years of greatest sexual activity 30.E. neoplasms of the perianal glands of the dog is more common in the female than in the male suggesting a hormonal relationship 31.Answer: E 32. 33.21. the most common method employed to diagnose neoplasis in animals is which one of the following? 34.A. exfoliative cytology 35.B. biopsy technique 36.C. radiographic techniques 37.D. chemical analysis 38.E. fluorescent antibody test 39.Answer: B 40. 41.22. which of the following is the most common neoplasm of the eye and related structures of cattle: A. A. squamous cell carcinoma B. B. basal cell carcinoma C. C. adenocarcinoma D. D. fibrosarcoma E. E. chemodectoma F. Answer: A 42.23. a neoplasm composed of a variety of cell types representing more than one germ layer is referred to as: 43.A. papilloma 44.B. carcinoma 45.C. teratoma 46.D. sarcoma 47.E. polyp 48.Answer: C 49.
50.24. the most common neoplasm encountered in cat is: 51.A. mast cell tumors 52.B. squamous cell carcinoma 53.C. oral papilloma 54.D. malignant lymphoma 55.E. teratoma 56.Answer: D 57. 58.25. the most common neoplasm encountered in the myocardium and abomasum of adult cattle is: 59.A. hemangiopericytoma 60.B. rhabdomyoma 61.C. malignant lymphoma 62.D. basal cell carcinoma 63.E. adenocarcinoma 64.Answer: C 65. 66.26. cutaneous papillomatosis is most common in: 67.A. canine 68.B. porcine 69.C. equine 70.D. bovine 71.E. feline 72.Answer: D 73. 74.27. in cattle, which one of the following neoplasms is more likely to metastasize to orbital sites resulting in protrusion of the eyeball? 75.A. malignant lymphoma 76.B. rhabdomyoma 77.C. leiomyoma 78.D. adenocarcinoma 79.E. squamous cell carcinoma 80.Answer: A 81. 82.28. the process by which glandular epithelium of the prostate is transformed into squamous epithelium following prolonged administration of estrogens is known as: 83.A. neoplasia 84.B. dysplasia 85.C. hyperplasia 86.D. metaplasia 87.E. anaplasia 88.Answer: D 89. 90.29. which one of the following neoplasms is commonly associated with femininity in male dogs? 91.A. pheochromocytoma 92.B. interstitial cell tumor 93.C. granulosa cell tumor 94.D. sertoli cell tumor 95.E. seminoma
96.Answer: D 97. 98.30. the neoplasm least likely to be caused by a viral agent is: 99.A. malignant lymphoma of cats 100. B. cutaneous papillomas of cattle 101. C. squamous cell carcinoma 102. D. equine sarcoid 103. E. transmissible fibrosarcomas of cats 104. Answer: C 105. 106. 31. spirocerca lupi of dogs has been incriminated as a likely cause of: 107. A. malignant lymphomas and rhabdomyomas of the esophagus 108. B. osteogenic sarcomas and fibrosarcomas of the esophagus 109. C. mast cell tumors and histocytomas of the esophagus 110. D. fibrosarcomas and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus 111. E. squamous cell carcinomas and osteogenic sarcoma of the esophagus 112. Answer: B 113. 114. 32. which one of the following neoplasms can be transplanted from animal to animal by whole cells in the natural state? 115. A. fibrosarcoma of horses 116. B. histocytomas of dogs 117. C. leiomyoma of cattle 118. D. pheochromatoma of cats 119. E. canine veneral tumor 120. Answer: E 121. 122. 33. which one of the following neoplasms is least likely to be congenital in origin? 123. A. embryonal nephromas of pigs 124. B. basal cell tumors of dogs 125. C. mesothelioma of cattle 126. D. rhabdomyoma of pigs 127. E. lymphosarcoma of cattle 128. Answer: B 129. 130. 34. which one of the following breeds has the highest "risk" to various kinds of neoplasms? 131. A. boxer dog 132. B. german shepherd dog 133. C. arabian horse 134. D. jersey cow 135. E. great dane dog 136. Answer: A
137. 138. 35. the highest incidence of ocular squamous cell carcinomas is most likely to occur in: 139. A. angus cattle 140. B. hereford cattle 141. C. holstein cattle 142. D. shorthorn cattle 143. E. grey horses 144. Answer: B 145. 146. 36. the highest incidence of osteogenic sarcoma is most likely to occur in: 147. A. boston terrier and scottish terrier 148. B. pekingese and chihuahua 149. C. great dane and st. bernard 150. D. poodles and pomeranian 151. E. hereford and holstein cattle 152. Answer: C 153. 154. 37. which one of the following is not true for neoplasms in animals? 155. A. overall incidence of neoplasms is greater in female dogs than in males 156. B. overall incidence of neoplasms is greater in male cats than in females 157. C. malignant lymphomas occur more commonly in male cats than in females 158. D. malignant lymphomas occur more commonly in female cattle than in male cattle 159. E. benign mixed mammary neoplasms occur more frequently in male dogs than in female dogs 160. Answer: E 161. 162. 38. the neoplasms least likely to regress spontaneously is: 163. A. histocytoma of dogs 164. B. mast cell tumor of dogs 165. C. canine venereal tumor of dogs 166. D. oral papillomas of dogs 167. E. cutaneous papillomas of cattle 168. Answer: B 169. 170. 39. which one of the following is least likely to act as a precancerous lesion in animals? 171. A. benign neoplasms 172. B. papillomas of the bovine eye 173. C. melanoblastic activity in the skin of old grey horses
174. D. cryptorchism in the dog and horse 175. E. acute inflammation in the colon of aged horses 176. Answer: E 177. 178. 40. the most common neoplasm of the equine skin is considered to be: 179. A. melanoma 180. B. malignant melanoma 181. C. sarcoid 182. D. mast cell tumor 183. E. squamous cell carcinoma 184. Answer: C 185. 186. 41. a neoplasm consisting of large oval cells with cyoplasmic granules that stain metachromatic with "toluidine blue" is most likely a: 187. A. histocytoma 188. B. squamous cell carcinoma 189. C. hemangiopericytoma 190. D. mastocytoma 191. E. oral papilloma 192. Answer: D 193. 194. 42. each of the following has been reported in animal species other than the dog except: 195. A. hemangiopericytoma 196. B. hemangiosarcoma 197. C. mastocytoma 198. D. rhabdomyoma 199. E. myxosarcoma 200. Answer: A 201. 202. 43. which one of the following breeds is predisposed to the development of both mastocytomas and histocytomas of the skin? 203. A. german shepherd 204. B. shetland sheepdog 205. C. border collies 206. D. boxer 207. E. st. bernard 208. Answer: D 209. 210. 44. which one of the following neoplasms of the dogs skin is most likely to be small in size (less than 2 cm in diameter), domed-shaped, grows rapidly, consists of cells with a high miotic index, never metastasizes, and occurs most frequently in young animals? 211. A. mastocytoma 212. B. squamous cell carcinoma 213. C. hemangiopericytoma 214. D. perianal gland tumor
215. E. histocytoma 216. Answer: E 217. 218. 45. the neoplasm that occurs with the highest frequency in the dog is: 219. A. mastocytoma 220. B. malignant lymphoma 221. C. squamous cell carcinoma 222. D. osteogenic sarcoma 223. E. histocytoma 224. Answer: B 225. 226. 46. the presence of gastric ulcers, ulcers of the duodenum, focal glomerulitis, defects in immunologic responsiveness, and a prolonged clotting time in a dog is most likely to be associated with: 227. A. histocytoma 228. B. pheochromocytoma 229. C. mastocytoma 230. D. squamous cell carcinoma 231. E. osteogenic sarcoma 232. Answer: C 233. 234. 47. which one of the following is not true for an hemangioma and/or hemangiosarcoma: 235. A. hemangiosarcoma is a highly malignant neoplasm and metastasis occur early since the neoplastic cells have easy access to vascular channels 236. B. the spleen, right heart, and liver are common sites of origin for hemangiosarcomas, whereas hemangiomas occur most frequently in the skin and subcutis 237. C. evidence suggest that hemangiosarcomas arise de novo rather than from pre-existing hemangiomas 238. D. hemangiomas have a tendency to metastasize to the lungs since the tumor cells have easy access to the bloodstream 239. E. the german shepherd is the breed most commonly affected with heman giosarcomas, whereas there is no known breed predisposition for hemangiomas 240. Answer: D 241. 242. 48. which one of the following is not true for cutaneous papilloma of cattle? 243. A. bovine cutaneous papilloma virus will cause fibropapillomas of the genital mucosa of cattle
244. B. bovine cutaneous papilloma virus may induce connective tissue neoplasms in a variety of animal species under experimental conditions 245. C. cattle can be immunized against cutaneous papillomatosis so that they are resistant to subsequent infections 246. D. bovine cutaneous papillomas are caused by rna viruses which belong to the papova virus group 247. E. bovine cutaneous papillomatosis usually affect cattle under 2years of age and the head, neck, and shoulders are the most common body sites affected 248. Answer: D 249. 250. 49. the following are features of the intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma except: 251. A. occurs only in the dog and it is limited to the skin 252. B. does not metastasize; however, multiple skin mases may develop 253. C. norwegian elkhound is predisposed to the neoplasm and multiple skin masses usually occur 254. D. oftentimes referred to as a keratoacanthoma and/or squamous papilloma 255. E. caused by a rna herpesvirus 256. Answer: E 257. 258. 50. which of the following neoplasms has a tendency to develop in areas of unpigmented skin: 259. A. squamous cell carcinoma 260. B. mastocytoma 261. C. basal cell epithelioma 262. D. histocytoma 263. E. hemangiopericytoma 264. Answer: A 265. 266. 51. a neoplasm characterized by the presence of "cancer pearls" and intercellular bridges is most likely a: 267. A. basal cell epithelioma 268. B. pheochromocytoma 269. C. squamous cell carcinoma 270. D. histocytoma 271. E. perianal gland adenoma 272. Answer: C 273.
274. 52. the most common epithelial cell skin neoplasm in the dog is: 275. A. squamous cell carcinoma 276. B. sebaceous gland tumors 277. C. sweat gland tumors 278. D. trichoepitheliomas 279. E. basal cell epithelioma 280. Answer: B 281. 282. 53. which one of the following breeds seems to be predisposed to basal cell epitheliomas, sebaceous cell tumors, and perianal gland adenomas 283. A. boxer 284. B. german shepherd 285. C. norwegian elk hound 286. D. cocker spaniel 287. E. weimaraner 288. Answer: D 289. 290. 54. neoplastic masses located adjacent to the anus of a dog in which the cut surface is tan and lobulated is most likely a: 291. A. sweat gland tumor 292. B. squamous cell carcinoma 293. C. perianal gland adenoma 294. D. malignant melanoma 295. E. histocytoma 296. Answer: C 297. 298. 55. which one of the following is not true for melanocytic neoplasms in domestic animals: 299. A. in dogs, most oral melanocytic neoplasms are malignant, whereas most cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms are benign 300. B. there is a tendency for aged grey horses to develop melanocytic neoplasms; the highest incidence occurs in the arabian breed 301. C. in dogs, the highest incidence of melanocytic neoplasms occurs in breeds with greater skin pigmentation 302. D. in swine, melanocytic neoplasms usually occur congenitally or in very young animals 303. E. the dopa reaction is not a reliable means of identifying melanocytes in malignant melanocytic neoplasms 304. Answer: E 305. 306. 56. a neoplasm composed of interlacing bundles of fiber in which the nuclei are centrally located in
cross-sections, and "cigar-shaped" with rounded blunted ends in long longitudinal sections is most likely a: 307. A. fibrosarcoma 308. B. leiomyoma 309. C. neurofibroma 310. D. rhabdomyoma 311. E. equine sarcoid 312. Answer: B 313. 314. 57. smooth muscle neoplasms are infrequently reported in animals. in large animals mos leiomyomas occur in: 315. A. heart 316. B. intestinal tract 317. C. vagina and uterus 318. D. stomach 319. E. ovaries and kidneys 320. Answer: C 321. 322. 58. which one of the following is not true for neoplasms of striated muscles? 323. A. the diagnosis of striated muscle neoplasms depends on microscopic demonstration of crossstriated filaments in at least one cell which is clearly part of the neoplasm 324. B. the great majority of benign striated muscle neoplasmas(rhabdomyomas have been reported as occurring in the heart 325. C. striated muscle neoplasms are rare as naturally occurring phenomena 326. D. most benign striated muscle neoplasms(rhabdomyomas) are considered to be congenital in origin 327. E. malignant striated muscle neoplasms(rhabdomyosarcoma) do not arise in sites where no striated muscle is ordinarily found 328. Answer: E 329. 330. 59. malignant neoplasms originating from bone occur primarily in: 331. A. cats 332. B. dogs 333. C. horses 334. D. swine 335. E. goats 336. Answer: B 337. 338. 60. which one of the following is not true for osteogenic sarcoma in dogs:
339. A. neoplasms occur more frequently in the front limbs than in the rear limbs 340. B. very high serum alkaline levels are definitive indicators of the neoplastic disease 341. C. neoplasms are more likely to develop on the distal end of the radius and proximal end of the femur; the elbow joint is seldom involved 342. D. neoplasms of the ribs are usually located near the costochondral junction and they tend to occur more often in young adult dogs 343. E. neoplasms of the skull occurs most commonly in the boxer breed 344. Answer: B 345. 346. 61. osteogenic sarcomas are least likely to occur in: 347. A. great danes 348. B. german shepherds 349. C. pekingese 350. D. irish setter 351. E. st. bernard 352. Answer: C 353. 354. 62. which of the following is not true for malignant lymphoma(lymphosarcoma) in cats: 355. A. it is the most common neoplasm of cats 356. B. most cats are dead within 8-weeks after the neoplasm is detected 357. C. the most common anatomic form is the "alimentary" 358. D. a leukemic blood picture is a characteristic feature of malignant lymphoid neoplasms 359. E. there are no good immunologic or epidemiologic data to support the idea of transfer of feline lymphosarcoma virus from cat to man 360. Answer: D 361. 362. 63. a neoplasm in which epithelial cells and lymphoid cells are essential neoplastic components is most likely a: 363. A. pheochromocytoma 364. B. chemodectoma 365. C. adamantinoma 366. D. thymoma 367. E. dysgerminoma 368. Answer: D
369. 370. 64. which one of the following is not a feature in dogs with hormone-secreting sertoli cell tumors? 371. A. enlargement of the mammary gland 372. B. squamous metaplasia of prostatic acinar epithelial cells 373. C. bilateral symmetrical alopecia 374. D. atrophy of the uninvolved testis 375. E. hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, and acanthosis of the skin 376. Answer: E 377. 378. 65. the following statements are true for transmissible venereal tumors of the dog except: 379. A. the exact cell of origin is not definitely known 380. B. female dogs have a higher incidence than males 381. C. significant and constant karyotypic differences exist between normal dog cells and cells of the neoplasm 382. D. neoplasms are most common during the years of greatest sexual activity 383. E. in nature, neoplasms are induced by a herpesvirus 384. Answer: E 385. 386. 66. the majority of mammary gland neoplasms reported in the dog are: 387. A. benign mixed mammary tumors 388. B. malignant mixed mammary tumors 389. C. myoepitheliomas 390. D. adenocarcinomas 391. E. adenomas 392. Answer: A 393. 394. 67. which one of the following is not true for mammary gland neoplasms in the dog? 395. A. ovariectomy has a sparing effect on the formation of mammary neoplasms in dogs, especially when performed prior to the first estrus cycle 396. B. the highest incidence of mammary neoplasms occur in the two most caudal mammary glands of dogs
397. C. mixed mammary neoplasms are derived from more than a single germ layer or from more than one derivative of a single germ layer 398. D. in cats, most mammary neoplasms occur in cranial two mammary glands 399. E. a mixed mammary neoplasm is composed of multiple tissues foreign to the part in which they arise 400. Answer: E 401. 402. 68. which of the following is not true for pheochromoctyomas 403. A. most common neoplas arising from the adrenal medulla in cattle and dogs 404. B. norepinephrine is the principal catecholamine extracted from the neoplasm in dogs 405. C. in cattle, the neoplasm elicits nymphomania behavior 406. D. there is a tendency for larger neoplasms to invade into the posterior vena cava
407. E. primary fixation of the neoplasm in potassium dichromate (zenker's etc.) give a positive chromaffin reaction which is helpful in making a definitive diagnosis 408. Answer: C 409. 410. 69. the most common primary intraocular neoplasm encountered in animals is: 411. A. squamous cell carcinoma 412. B. malignant melanoma 413. C. malignant lymphoma 414. D. astrocytoma 415. E. benign melanomas 416. Answer: B 417. 418. 70. a benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelial cells is referred to as: 419. A. papilloma 420. B. polyp 421. C. carcinoma 422. D. adenoma 423. E. sarcoid 424. Answer: D
