MODUL PRAKTIKUM
GAYABERAT DAN MAGNETIK (PTF-454) Semester 5 2016/2017
oleh: RIZKA SONI SATIAWAN
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK GEOFISIKA FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS JAMBI 2016
ATURAN PRAKTIKUM
Aturanber!utn"buatuntu!"la!sana!an"an"#atuh: 1$ %ra!t!umnter"r"ar 5 #enlaan& 'atu: a$ Tu(as#en"ahuluan : "ber!an #aln( lambatseharsebelum#ra!t!um b$ Tesa)al *#re test+ : "la!u!an 10 mentsebelum#ra!t!um"mula ,$ Tesa!hr *#ost test+: "la!u!anmen-elan(#ra!t!umselesaatauselama #roses #ra!t!umberlan(sun( "$ .a#oran : "!um#ul!ansemn((usetelah#ra!t!umatausaat#ra!t!ummo"ulselan-utn'a e$ Tu(asbesar *nal #ro-e,t+ : "ber!an#a"a#en(hu-un(#ra!t!um *men-elan(a!hr semester+ 2$ %ra!t!an"atan(men(!ut#ra!t!umte#at)a!tu$ Tolerans!eterlambatan10 m!"#$ Setelahbatas!eterlambatan& #ra!t!anmashbolehmen(!ut#ra!t!umteta#t"a!terhtun("alam"atarha"rsertat"a!men" a#atnlatesa)al *#retest+$ $ %ra!t!anharusha"rseta##ertemuan#ra!t!um!arenat"a!a"a-a")al#en((ant#ra!t!um$ !at"a!ha"r& ma!anla 'an( "amblhan'anlala#oran$ Nla#en"ahuluan& tesa)al& tesa!hr"an((a#!$%$ !a#ra!t!anberhalan(an!arenasa!t 'an( a"asurat!eteran(an"o!teratau3n 'an( bsa"terma& ma!aa!an"ber!antolerans"en(an#en((antantesa)al& tesa!hr& tu(as#en"ahuluan 'an( bobotn'ahan'a&0'"arnlaa!hrmo"ul 'an( berhalan(anha"rtersebut$ 4$ %ra!t!anmen(!ut#ra!t!um"en(anber#a!aanra#"anberse#atu$ 5$ %ra!t!anhan'amen(!utsalahsatu sht "ant"a!"#er!enan!anuntu!ber#n"ah#n"ah sht *!e,ual"ber!an3nsebelumn'aoleh"osen#en(am#u+$ 6$ %ra!t!anharusmemba)a la#to# seta##ertemuan 'an( su"ahternstall sot)are 'an( a!an"(una!an#a"amo"ul#ra!t!um'an( a!an"la!sana!an$ !at"a!mem#un'a la#to#& #ra!t!anbsamemn-am la#to# teman sht lann'a$ 7$ %ra!t!anmen(er-a!antu(as 'an( "ber!anassten#ra!t!um"an"!um#ul!an#a"a#ertemuanber!utn'a *sesua sht masn( masn(+$ $ %en(um#ulantu(as#ra!t!ummen((una!an ormat la#oran 'an( telah"tentu!an$ T"a!#erlumelam#r!an,oer "e#anla#oran$ $ Keterlambatan#en(um#ulantu(as"ber!an!*+,!,!!"%," 10 seta#har!eterlambatann'a$
8ormat .a#oran:
STUDI IDENTIFIKASI STRUKTUR DAN PROSPEK IDROKARBON BERDASARKAN METODE GAYABERAT PADA .EKUNGAN KUTAI/ KALIMANTAN TIMUR Rizka1 , Wawan Gunawan A.Kadir 1 , Susanti Alawiyah1 , Eko Januari Wahyudi 1 Abstract Kutei Basin is located in East Kalimantan, ndonesia. !his "asin has #aults structure, stron$ anticline #oldin$ and wide syncline known as Anticlinorium Samarinda. !his "asin is one o# the most %roducti&e oil and $as %roducer in ndonesia. n this study, it has "een identi#ied the structural controls and hydrocar"on %ros%ects o# the Kutei Basin usin$ $ra&ity method. !he #aults structure "asin and delineation ha&e "een deri&ed #rom the second &ertical deri&ati&e anomaly. !hen, it has "een conducted su"sur#ace $eolo$ical modelin$ usin$ $ra&ity #orward and in&erse modelin$ to determine disti"ution o# su"sur#ace density contrasts. !he so#tware used Encom'odel(ision )ro &ersion *.+ #or #orward modelin$ and Gra&- B/0G #or in&erse modelin$. !he #inal result o# modelin$ are the contour ma% o# to% "asement and sediment thickness. Based on $ra&ity anomaly can "e analyzed that Kutei Basin has #aults structure with almost 2E0SW direction. !he structures are re&erse #aults and wrench #aults. t can "e identi#ied that there are two su"0"asins in Kutei Basin, i.e. %%er Kutei Su"0Basin with continental "asement and 3ower Kutei Su"0Basin with oceanic "asement. Based on $ra&ity modelin$, it can "e estimated the density contrast o# "asaltic rocks in oceanic "asement is +.14 $r5cc and $ranitic rocks in continental "asement is +.+4 $r5cc. Kutei Basin has dee% to% "asement with ma6imum sediment thickness are a%%ro6imately *.7 km. Su%%orted "y $eolo$y data and hydrocar"ons %lay, the Kutei Basin could "e as hydrocar"on %ros%ects area. Keywords8
$ra&ity, Kutei Basin, second &ertical deri&ati&e, #orward modelin$, Encom'odel(ision )ro &ersion *.+, to% "asement, hydrocar"ons
in&erse modelin$,
Sari /ekun$an Kutai terletak di %ro&insi Kalimantan !imur, ndonesia. )ada %enelitian ini, dilakukan identi#ikasi struktur dan %ros%ek hidrokar"on /ekun$an Kutai den$an men$$unakan salah satu metode $eo#isika yaitu metode $aya"erat. nter%retasi struktur sesar dan delineasi cekun$an dilakukan den$an men$$unakan turunan te$ak orde dua. -istri"usi kontras densitas model "awah %ermukaan den#$an metode %emodelan ke de%an dan %emodelan in&ersi.
Kata kunci8 $aya"erat, /ekun$an Kutai, turunan te$ak orde kedua, %emodelan ke de%an, %emodelan in&ersi, 'odel(ision )ro &ersion *.+, , to% "asement, hidrokar"on. 19
)ro$ram Studi !eknik Geo#isika, nstitut !eknolo$i Bandun$. Email8 rizka#:;$mail.com
I PENDAULUAN
%eneltan n "la!u!an #a"a 9e!un(an Kuta& Kalmantan Tmur& In"onesa$ 9e!un(an Kuta meru#a!an ,e!un(an se"men terluas "an ter"alam " In"onesa ba(an tmur *Sat'ana et al $& 1+$ .uasn'a men,a#a 165$000 !m2 "an !etebalan se"men 1214 !m$ 9e!un(an Kuta meru#a!an salah satu #en(hasl mn'a! 'an( #aln( #ro"u!t " In"onesa "an meru#a!an
,e!un(an e!onoms 9e!un(an uma$
!e"ua
setelah
;eto"e (a'aberat "(una!an untu! men("ent!as batas ,e!un(an "an stru!tur re(onal 9e!un(an Kuta& memo"el!an ba)ah #ermu!aan ber"asar!an nla !ontras "enstas& estmas !etebalan se"men "an !e"alaman to% "asement & member!an
re!omen"as area #ros#e! h"ro!arbon untu! e!s#loras lebh lan-ut$
meto"e #emo"elan !e "e#an "an #emo"elan ners$
II TEORI DASAR
V KESIMPULAN
II METODOLOGI
1$ 2$
%eneltan n "la!u!an "en(an bebera#a taha#an 'an( "a#at "lhat #a"a
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1
2
4
5
IV ASIL DAN PENGOLAAN DATA %a"a #eneltan n "ata 'an( ""a#at a"alah "ata hasl anomal 9=A */om%lete Bou$uer Anomaly + 'an( sebelumn'a su"ah "la!u!an !ore!s$
7
IV ANALISIS %a"a #eneltan n& #enuls membuat mo"el ba)ah #ermu!aan "en(an
=la!el'& R,har"$$ 15& )otential !heory in Gra&ity and 'a$netic A%%lication& 9ambr"(e >n %ress e#artemen ?S;& =a"an %eneltan "an %en(emban( ?S; %usat %eneltan "an %en(emban(an nerst' o .on"on Ka"r& W$<$A$& 2000& Eks%lorasi Gaya Berat < 'a$netik : urusan Te!n! ydrocar"on >a"itats o# !he Barito, Kutai and !arakan Basin, Eastern Kalimantan, ndonesia? 'a@or
-issimilarities& ournal o Asan ?arth S,en,es S#e,al Issue ol$ 17& No$ 12& ?lseer S,en,e& OBor" 120
Telor"& ;$W$& n %ress
MODUL 1 TEKNIK PENGAMBILAN DATA DAN PEMBA.AAN ALAT GAYABERAT SASARAN 1$ a#atmen(a!uss"anmen(ambl "ata (a'aberatba! 'an( "u!ur#a"a base mau#unla#an(anC 2$ a#atmen(!onerss!ala"ar"ata alat(a'aberat $ a#atmen(!oners!oor"natlattu"e "an lon(tu"e "e(ree !e >T; atausebal!n'a 4$ a#atmenentu!aneleassuatutt!"ar "ata #en(u!uran altmeter 5$ a#atmen(htun(!ore!s t"al obseras"anteorts ALAT ,! BAAN 1$ .a#to# 2$ A#l!as ;s$ ?B,el $ Sot)are
A = 9 9ounter Rea"n( alue *m
9
(,,,%,#-
Stasu n =ase 901 902 90 904 905 906 907 90 90 910 911 912 91 914 915 916 =ase
B *bu-ur+ ' *lntan(+ Tme 10E40F20$6G 7E2F47$1G :5 10EF21$G 7E2F22$4G :4 10:2 10EF24$G 7E2F2$0G 0 10EF2$G 7E2F27$1G 11:04 10EF2$6G 7E2F2$2G 11:20 10EF$2G 7E2F2$4G 11:44 12:0 10EF4$G 7E2F6$5G 0 12:1 10EF45$G 7E2F$0G 2 12:2 10EF4$G 7E2F40$2G 1:1 10EF51$5G 7E2F41$7G 2 1: 10EF56$G 7E2F45$2G 1 1: 10EF5$2G 7E2F47$4G 1:5 10E40F04$6G 7E2F51$4G 5 14:0 10E40F12$G 7E2F54$7G 14:2 10E40F14$4G 7E2F5$4G 4 14: 10E40F17$2G 7EF00$4G 2 14:4 10E40F22$5G 7EF0$G 15:0 10E40F20$6G 7E2F47$1G 7
=a,a Alat 145$65 11$51
S!ala
12$71 146$662 14$04 151$12 151$21 150$725 14$515 150$25 14$26 14$57 14$25 14$16 14$7 14$772 146$51 146$1
2 K$!+3"K$$+"!,# L,#"#* ,! L$!"#* @tun(!oners lattu"e "an lon(tu"e "ata Tabel 1 "en(anmen((una!an sot)are
Surer$A"a#unlan(!ah#en(er-aann'aseba(aber!ut: 1$ >bahs!ala!oor"nat#a"aTabel 1 men-a""esmal"en(anmen((una!an;s ?B,el$ 9ontoh: 10E40F20$6G H 10*40/-umlahment"alam 1 -am+*20$6/-umlah"et!"alam 1 -am+ H 10*40/60+*20$6/600+ H 10$672 2$ =u!a
!oor"nat"esmal!e )or!sheet #a"a sot)are Surer ata Ne) %ro-e,te" 9oor"nates >bah sour,e ,oor"nate s'stem #lh #re"ene" (eo(ra#h, *lat/lon+
#lh )orl" (eo"et, s'stem 14
OK
!emu"anubah tar(et ,oor"nate s'stem
#lh #ro-e,te" s'stems
#lh >T;
Asa
In"onesa
In"onesa >T; Zone
4S OK OK $ ata >T; a!anmun,ul#a"a!olom "an 4$ Setelahtu ,o#' #aste "ata >T; !e "ata Tabel 1$
= M!;"#*!E%,3" (K#"!",!) Ketn((ansuatu#oss " #ermu!aanbumterha"a# "atum tertentubsa"u!ur"en(anbebera#aalat& salahsatun'a altmeter$%en(u!urannla!etn((an"en(an altmeter "#en(aruhbebera#aa!tor& "antaran'atem#eratur"ante!anan$Nlan'aa!anberarasterha"a#)a!tuuntu!#en(u!uran#a"a#o ss 'an( teta#& sehn((a"#erlu!an!ore!suntu!men"a#at!annlato#o(ra 'an( sesua$ alamsuatusure(a'aberat& #en(u!urannla!etn((anmemerlu!anset"a!n'a 2 altmeter$Satu altmeter "(una!anuntu!men(u!ur " base "an 'an( lann'auntu!men(u!ur " stasun(a'aberat$ =er!uta"alah "ata #en(u!uran altmeter " base "an " stasun(a'aberat$ T,% 2 ata eleas
tme 0:20 0:25 0:0 0:5 0:40 0:45 0:50 0:55 0:00 0:05 0:10 0:15 0:20 0:25 0:0 0:5 0:40 0:45 0:50 0:55 10:00 10:05 10:10 10:15 10:20
alt 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P!*7*+,! " ,3 (m) tme alt tme 10:25 0 12:0 10:0 0 12:5 10:5 1 12:40 10:40 1 12:45 10:45 1 12:50 10:50 1 12:55 10:55 1 1:00 11:00 1 1:05 11:05 2 1:10 11:10 2 1:15 11:15 4 1:20 11:20 5 1:25 11:25 5 1:0 11:0 6 1:5 11:5 7 1:40 11:40 1:45 11:45 10 1:50 11:50 10 1:55 11:55 11 14:00 12:00 12 14:05 12:05 12 14:10 12:10 1 14:15 12:15 15 14:20 12:20 15 14:25 12:25 14 14:0
alt 15 16 15 17 17 17 2 22 2 2 25 25 26 26 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 2 2
tme 14:5 14:40 14:45 14:50 14:55 15:00 15:05 15:10 15:15 15:20 15:25 15:0 15:5 15:40 15:45 15:50 15:55 16:00 16:05 16:10 16:15 16:20 16:25 16:0 16:5
alt 2 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 24 2 2 22 22 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 22
T,% =%en(u!uran " la#an(an %en(u!uran " la#an(an *h=aseH15 m+ Sts
tme
=ase
Δt
Δt
*s+
alt*m+
!or alt
:42
0
2$4
ST1
:51
0
2$01
ST2
:5
0
2$7
ST
10:14
0
2$724
ST4
10:5
1
2$267
ST5
10:40
1
2$12
ST6
10:44
1
2$01
ST7
10:5
1
1$545
ST
11:14
1
1$057
ST
11:2
0$5
ST10
11:5
45
0$416
ST11
11:55
47
0$057
ST12
12:12
55
0$21
ST1
14:54
12
17$67
ST14
15:0
15
21$524
ST15
15:1
117
25$16
ST16
15:2
2$
ST17
15:40
2
$20
ST1
15:5
57
$
=ase
16:07
26
45$665
h !ore!s
"strbuseror
h lo!al
h semu
true h*m+
A"a#unlan(!ah#en(er-aann'a: 1$ Tambah!an!olomTabel 2 men-a" 4 !olom$ Is !olom 2 "en(anmen(ubah)a!tumen-a"ment *m+$ Is !olom "en(anrumus H t!en J t1 $,ontoh : t1H 500 ma!aΔt H t1 t1 Tabel 4 @asl#en(u!uran altmeter #a"a base P!*7*+,! " ,3 (m) tme tme *m+ Lt *m+ alt 0:20 0 0:25 1 0:0 1 0:5 0 0:40 0
0:45 0 0:50 0 0:55 0 0:00 0 0:05 0 "st 2$ %lot Δt s altmeter$ manaΔtseba(asumbuB "an altmeter seba(asumbu '$ $ .a!u!an#en"e!atan #ol'nomalsehn((a""a#at!an#ersamaan#olnomal$ 9aran'a!l!!anan#a"att!#en(u!uran #lh a"" tren"lne #lh #ol'nomal or"e #ol'nomal ",o,o!an"en(an "ata 'an( a"a *msal: or"e + ,entan( "s#la' eMuaton on ,hart ,lose 4$ .en(!a#Tabel Kolom *Δt+: H t base la#an(an J t base 'an( "u!ur " base Kolom 4: men(!oners!olom !e"et! Kolom 6: masu!an#ersamaan #ol'nomal #a"ahasl#erhtun(an altmeter base Kolom 7: h !ore!sH alt J !or alt
Kolom :
Distribusi error =
( Kor Alt
akhir
(
waktuakhir
− Kor Alt ) ∗( waktu − waktu ) awal
ke − n
−waktu
awal
awal
Kolom : h lo!al H h !ore!s!en J h !ore!sa)al Kolom 10: h semu H h base h lo!al Kolom 11: true h H h semu J "strbus error Cuntu!men(e,e!!ebenaran true h a"alahnla h a)al"an h a!hrsama"en(an h base 4 P+;"#*!,!7$+73" #",% K$+73" T",% T$+"#"3 ;en((una!an sot)are TI?$?D?
=u!a sot)are TI?$?D? .en(!a#"atan'aseba(aber!ut:
)
:
K$+73" T",% O3+,3" T,% 5 T"al obseras Tme
T9*m(al +
:
0$14
:44
0$144
:56
0$14
:07
0$142
:14
0$141
:1
0$140
:2
0$1
:27
0$1
:0
0$17
:
0$16
:6
0$15
:
0$14
:42
0$1
:44
0$12
:47
0$11
:4
0$10
:51
0$12
:5
0$12
:55
0$127
:57
0$126
:5
0$125
10:01 10:0
0$124 0$12
Tme 10:0 10:11 10:1 10:1 4 10:1 6 10:1 10:1 10:2 1 10:2 2 10:2 4 10:2 5 10:2 7 10:2 10: 0 10: 1 10: 10: 4 10: 6 10: 7 10: 10:4 0 10:4 1 10:4
T9*m(al +
T9*m(al +
Tme
T9*m(al +
Tme
T9*m(al +
0$0
11:21
0$067
11:51
0$041
0$02
11:2
0$066
11:52
0$040
0$01
11:24
0$065
11:5
0$0
0$00
11:25
0$064
11:54
0$0
0$0
11:26
0$06
11:55
0$07
0$0
11:27
0$062
11:56
0$06
0$07
11:2
0$061
11:57
0$05
0$06
11:0
0$060
11:5
0$04
0$05
11:1
0$05
11:5 12:0 0 12:0 1 12:0 2 12:0 12:0 4 12:0 5 12:0 6 12:0 7 12:0 12:1 0
0$0
12:11 12:1 2 12:1 12:1
0$022
0$111
Tme 10:4 10:5 0 10:5 1 10:5 2 10:5 4 10:5 5 10:5 6 10:5 10:5
0$110
11:00
0$04
11:2
0$05
0$10
11:02
0$0
11:
0$057
0$10
11:0
0$02
11:4
0$056
0$107
11:04
0$01
11:5
0$055
0$106
11:05
0$00
11:6
0$054
0$105
11:07
0$07
11:7
0$05
0$104
11:0
0$07
11:
0$052
0$10
11:0
0$077
11:40
0$051
0$102
11:10
0$076
11:41
0$050
0$101
11:12
0$075
11:42
0$04
0$100
11:1
0$074
11:4
0$04
0$0
11:14
0$07
11:44
0$047
0$0 0$07
11:15 11:17
0$072 0$071
11:45 11:46
0$046 0$045
0$11 0$11 0$117 0$116 0$115 0$114 0$11 0$112
0$02 0$01 0$00 0$02 0$02 0$027 0$026 0$025 0$024 0$02
0$021 0$020 0$01
Tme 12:1 12:2 0 12:2 1 12:2 2 12:2 12:2 4 12:2 5 12:2 6 12:2 12:2 12:0 12: 1 12: 2 12: 4 12: 5 12: 6 12: 7 12: 12:0 4 12:4 1 12:4 2 12:4 12:4
T9*m(al + 0$015 0$014 0$01 0$012 0$011 0$010 0$00 0$00 0$007 0$006 0$005 0$004 0$00 0$002 0$001 0$000 0$001 0$002 0$00 0$004 0$005 0$006 0$007
Tme 12:0 5 12:5 1 12:5 12:5 4 12:5 5 12:5 7 12:5 12:5 1:0 1 1:0 2 1:0 4 1:0 5 1:0 6 1:0 1:0 1:11 1:1 2 1:1 4 1:1 5 1:1 7 1:1 1:0 2 1:2
T9*m(al +
Tme
T9*m(al+
Tme
T9*m(al+
0$011
1:2
0$07
14:25
0$06
0$012
1:2
0$0
14:0
0$064
0$01
1:1
0$0
14:5
0$065
0$014
1:
0$040
14:42
0$066
0$015
1:5
0$041
15:14
0$065
0$016
1:6
0$042
15:21
0$064
0$017
1:
0$04
15:26
0$06
0$01
1:04
0$044
15:1
0$062
0$01
1:42
0$045
15:5
0$061
0$020
1:4
0$046
15:
0$060
0$021
1:45
0$047
15:41
0$05
0$022
1:47
0$04
15:45
0$05
0$02
1:4
0$04
15:47
0$057
0$024
1:51
0$050
15:05
0$056
0$025
1:5
0$051
15:5
0$055
0$026
1:55
0$052
15:55
0$054
0$027
1:57
0$05
15:57
0$05
0$02
1:5
0$054
16:00
0$052
0$02
14:01
0$055
16:02
0$051
0$00
14:04
0$056
16:0
0$050
0$01
14:06
0$057
0$02 0$0
14:0 14:12
0$05 0$05
10:04
0$122
10:06
0$121
10:0
0$120
10:4 4 10:4 6 10:4 7
0$06
11:1
0$070
11:47
0$044
0$05
11:1
0$06
11:4
0$04
0$04
11:20
0$06
11:4
0$042
4 12:1 5 12:1 6 12:1 7
0$01 0$017 0$016
5 12:4 6 12:4 7 12:4
0$00 0$00 0$010
1 1:2 1:2 5 1:2 6
0$04
14:15
0$060
0$05
14:1
0$061
0$06
14:21
0$062
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