Metodo de Turner

METODO DE TURNER - VELOCIDAD CRITICA GAS Posted: 12 Jun 2010 08:17 PM PDT

Turner Droplet Model It is generally believed believed that the liquids are both lifted in the gas flow as individual particles and transported as a liquid film along the tubing wall tubing  wall by the shear stress at the interfae between between the gas and the li!uid before the onset onset of severe li!uid loading" loading" These mechanisms were first investigated by Turner  Turner  et al"# who evaluated two orrelations" Turner Turner disovered disovered that li!uid loading loading ould best be $redited by a dro$let dro$let %odel that showed  when dro$lets %ove u$ &gas fl ow above ritial veloity' or down &gas fl ow below ritial  veloity'" Turner Turner et al. develop developed ed a simple simple correl correlati ation on to predic predictt the so-cal so-called led critic critical al  velocity  in  in near vertial gas wells assu%ing the dro$let %odel" In this %odel# the dro$let weight ats downward and the drag fore fro% the gas ats u$ward" (hen the drag is e!ual to the  weight# the gas veloity is at )ritial*" +elow the ritial veloity# the dro$let falls and li!uids au%ulate

in

Definición

de

the Velocidad

wellbore" Critica

a velocidad cr!tica es generalmente definida como la m!nima velocidad de gas requ requer erid ida a en el tubi tubing ng de prod produc ucci ción ón par para move mover r las las gota gotas s de l!qu l!quid idos os "condensados y agua# en suspensión. In suspensión. In practice, the critical velocity is generally defined as the minimum gas velocity in the production tubing required to move liquid droplets upward   , )veloity string* is often used to redue the t he tubing si-e until the .

ritial veloity is obtained" .owering the surfae $ressure &e"g"# by o%$ression' also inreases  veloity" Turner/s orrelation was tested against a large nu%ber of real well data having surfae flowing $ressures %ostly higher than 1000 $si" a%ination of Turner/s data# however# indiates that the range of a$$liability for his orrelation %ight be for surfae $ressures as low as  to 800 $si" Two variations of the orrelation were develo$ed# one for the transport of water and the

other for condensate. To better %ath the olletion of %easured field data# Turner ad3usted the theoretial e!uations for re!uired veloity u$ward by 20 $erent" 4ro% Turner/s original $a$er# after the 20 $erent e%$irial ad3ust%ent# the ritial veloity for ondensate and water  were

$resented

as:

 Velocidades cr!ticas para levantar condensado y agua:

 (here $ 5 $si" These theoretial e!uations o%es "in general# of critical velocity Vt to lift a liquid is:

 where s 5 surfae tension# dynes6%# r 5 density# lb%6ft" These equations predict the minimum critical velocity required to transport liquids in a vertical wellbore. They are used %ost fre!uently at the wellhead with P being the flowing wellhead $ressure" $hen both water and condensate are produced by the  well% Turner recommends using the correlation developed for water becau se water is heavier and requires a higher critical velocity.

MITIGACION DE METANO Posted: 12 Jun 2010 07:2 PM PDT

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PM9 as y Petro!ui%ia +;sia PP+

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o%$le3os $roesadores de as de PM9 en M ?io

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Metano a Merados &M2M'

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Metodolog@a de %itigai=n de e%isiones de %etano

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!ui$os utili-ados $ara la detei=n de fugas de %etano

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>uantifiai=n de fugas y e%isiones de %etano

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ta$as: Aealth >onsultants# >learstonse ngineering

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Mitigai=n real y $otenial de e%isiones de >B2

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4inalidad de la %itigai=n de %etano

VELOCIDAD EROSIONAL DE UN GAS - CALCULO DE TRANSMISION Posted: 12 Jun 2010 0C:0 PM PDT

>uando un fluido $asa $or una tuberia a alta velocidad puede causar vibración y erosión en la tuberia# lo ual erosiona la $ared de la tuberia" i la veloidad del gas eede la veloidad erosional alulada $ara la tuber@a# la erosion de la $ared de la tuberia es inre%entala a rit%os !ue $ueden reduir la vida de la tuber@a signifiativa%ente" Por lo tanto es siempre necesario controlar la velocidad de trasmisión del gas en la linea para prevenir el e&ceso del limite" .a veloidad erosional $ara fluidos o%$resibles es e$resado o%o:

Donde:  Ve5veloidad erosional 4t6segE

p5 densidad del gas .b%64tE  F  C es una te definida o%o 7

ustituyendo:

>5100#

M52GH

tene%os:

'órmula de la velocidad erosional de un gas en tuber!as(

Donde:  Ve5veloidad erosional 4t6segE )5gravedad del gas# adi%enionalE *5$resiBn %ini%a en la tuberia# $siaE +5fator de o%$resibilidad en la $resi=n# te%$eratura es$e@fia# adi%ensionalE T5 te%$eratura del flu3o de gas E , 510"7 &4tHPsia6.b %olesH'" os valores recomendados para la velocidad del gas en transmisión en l!neas principales es normalmente / a 0/ de la velocidad erosional &3% un valor d 10K 1 %6seg o K 4t6seg es un valor ae$table $ara $ro$=sitos de diseLo'" ste valor $odr@a estar entre 1K17 %6seg $ara tuber@as no $rini$ales o laterales"