MAKALAH OBAT KELENJAR ENDOKRIN (HORMON)
Disusun Oleh : MITRYA MAYA MINTJE EMELIA KOMALIG JESIKA TUWONAUNG IMELDA MANOPPO RIDWAN RIDWAN ADANG AD ANG Kelompok D!"#
PROGRAM STUDI D$III KEPERAWATAN POLTEKKES KEMENKES
MANADO %&"' KATA PENGANTAR
Pu(i s)uku* k+mi p+n(+,k+n kep+-+ Tuh+n )+n. M+h+ Ku+s+ k+*en+ +,+s pen)e*,++n$N)+ sehin..+ m+k+l+h ini -+p+, -iseles+ik+n -en.+n /+ik0 M+k+l+h ini /e*isi ,en,+n. O#AT KELENJAR ENDOKRIN0 D+l+m pen)usun+n m+k+l+h ini1 penulis /+n)+k men-+p+, ,+n,+n.+n -+n h+m/+,+n1 +k+n ,e,+pi -en.+n /+n,u+n -+*i /e*/+.+i pih+k ,+n,+n.+n i,u /is+ ,e*+,+si0 Oleh k+*en+ i,u1 penulis men.u2+pk+n ,e*im+ k+sih )+n. se/es+*$ /es+*n)+ kep+-+ semu+ pih+k )+n. ,el+h mem/+n,u -+l+m pen)usun+n pen)usun+n m+k+l+h ini0 Penulis men)+-+*i /+h3+ m+k+l+h ini m+sih (+uh -+*i kesempu*n++n m+sih memiliki /+n)+k keku*+n.+n ,e*u,+m+ -+*i se.i penulis+n1-+n k+,+$k+,+0 M+k+ -+*i i,u penulis s+n.+, men.h+*+pk+n k*i,ik -+n s+*+n -+*i pem/+2+ un,uk pen)empu*n++n m+k+l+h ini sel+n(u,n)+0 Akhi* k+,+ semo.+ m+k+l+h ini -+p+, mem/e*ik+n m+n4++, kep+-+ ki,+ sek+li+n0
Penulis
Kelompok
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000% DA5TAR DA5TAR ISI00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ISI0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000 #A# I000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 I00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000 6 PENDA7ULUAN0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006 "0"
L+,+* /el+k+n.000 /el+k+n.00000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 00000000000000 000000000000000000 00000000006 06
"0%
Rumus+n Rumus+n m+s+l+h00000 m+s+l+h0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000008 00000008
"0
Tu(u+n0 Tu(u+n000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 00000000000008 000000008
"06
M+n4++,00000 M+n4++,0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 000000008 08
#A# II0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 II000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009 000000000000000000000000000009 PEM#A7ASAN00000000000000000000000000000 PEM#A7ASAN0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000 9 %0"
G+m/+*+n G+m/+*+n umum sis,em en-ok*in00 en-ok*in0000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 0000000009 000009
%0%
Jenis$( Jenis$(enis enis kelen(+* kelen(+* -+l+m sis,em en-ok*in0 en-ok*in0000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 0000000 00000000 00000000 00000 0
%0
O/+, G+n..u+n G+n..u+n En-ok*in0 En-ok*in000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 00000000000000 00000000000"' 00"'
%06
O/+, An,i-i+/e,i An,i-i+/e,ik k O*+l0000000 O*+l00000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 00000000000000 0000000000000000000 0000000000000000" 000000"
%08
7o*mon000 7o*mon00000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 0000000" "
%0'
7o*mon 7o*mon P+-+ W+ni,+00000 +ni,+0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 000000000%& 00%&
%09
7o*mon 7o*mon P+-+ P*i+0000000 P*i+000000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000000 000000000000000%& 00000%&
%0
Kon,*+sepsi0 Kon,*+sepsi000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 00000000000000%" 0000000%"
#A# III000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 III00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0& PENUTUP0000000000000000000000000000000 PENUTUP000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000& 0000000000& 0"
Kesimpul+n0 Kesimpul+n000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000& 0000&
0%
S+*+n000000 S+*+n00000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 000000000000 0000000000000" 000000"
DA5TAR DA5TAR PUSTAKA000000000000000000 PUSTAKA00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" 00000000000000000000000000000"
#A# I PENDA7ULUAN "0" L+,+* /el+k+n. Kelen(+* en-ok*in +,+u kelen(+* /un,u +-+l+h kelen(+* )+n. nen.i*imk+n h+sil sek*esin)+ l+n.sun. ke -+l+m -+*+h +n. /e*e-+* -+l+m (+*in.+n kelen(+* ,+np+ mele3+,i -uk,us +,+u s+lu*+n -+n h+sil sek*esin)+ -ise/u, ho*mon0 Se2+*+ umum sis,em en-ok*in +-+l+h sis,em )+n. /e*4un.si un,uk memp*o-uksi ho*mon )+n. men.+,u* +k,i;i,+s ,u/uh0 Te*-i*i +,+s kelen(+* ,i*oi-1 kelen(+* hipo4is+!pu,ui,+*i1 kelen(+* p+nk*e+s1 kelen(+* kel+min1 kelen(+* sup*+*en+l1 kelen(+* p+*+,i*oi- -+n kelen(+* /un,u0 #e/e*+p+ -+*i o*.+n en-ok*in +-+ )+n. men.h+silk+n s+,u m+2+m ho*mon
"0% Rumus+n m+s+l+h Den.+n mempe*h+,ik+n ul+s+n sin.k+, l+,+* /el+k+n. -i +,+s1 m+k+ -+p+, -isusunl+h *umus+n m+s+l+h se/+.+i /e*iku,: "0 Ap+k+h )+n. -im+ksu- -en.+n sis,em en-ok*in > %0 M+n+ s+(+ )+n. me*up+k+n /+.i+n -+*i sis,em en-ok*in > 0 Ap+ s+(+ (enis kelen(+* )+n. ,e*m+suk -+l+m sis,em en-ok*in > 60 Ap+ 4un.si -+*i sis,em en-ok*in > 80 #+.+im+n+ 2+*+ ke*(+ sis,em en-ok*in -+l+m ,u/uh no*m+l > '0 #+.+im+n+ (ik+ sis,em en-ok*in men.+l+mi ke*us+k+n >
"0 Tu(u+n Tu(u+n penulis+n m+k+l+h ini +-+l+h : "0 Un,uk memenuhi ,u.+s pe*/+ik+n nil+i M+,+ kul+ih Ilmu #iome-ik D+s+*0 %0 Un,uk men.e,+hui +p+k+h )+n. -im+ksu- -en.+n sis,em en-ok*in0 0 Un,uk men.e,+hui -+n mem+h+mi m+n+ s+(+ )+n. me*up+k+n /+.i+n -+*i sis,em en-ok*in0 60 Un,uk men.e,+hui +p+ s+(+ (enis kelen(+* )+n. ,e*m+suk -+l+m sis,em en-ok*in0 80 Un,uk men.e,+hui 4un.si -+*i sis,em en-ok*in0 '0 Un,uk men.e,+hui se/en+*n)+ /+.+im+n+ 2+*+ ke*(+ sis,em en-ok*in -+l+m ,u/uh no*m+l0 90 Un,uk men.e,+hui /+.+im+n+ (ik+ sis,em en-ok*in men.+l+mi ke*us+k+n0
"06 M+n4++, M+n4++, -+*i penulis+n m+k+l+h ini +-+l+h : "0 M+h+sis3+ men.e,+hui -+n mem+h+mi +p+ )+n. -im+ksu- -en.+n sis,em en-ok*in0
%0 M+h+sis3+ men.e,+hui -+n mem+h+mi (u.+ -+p+, menun(ukk+n m+n+ s+(+ )+n. me*up+k+n /+.i+n -+*i sis,em en-ok*in0 0 m+h+sis3+ men.e,+hui +p+ s+(+ (enis kelen(+* )+n. ,e*m+suk -+l+m sis,em en-ok*in0 60 m+h+sis3+ men.e,+hui -+n mem+h+mi 4un.si -+*i sis,em en-ok*in0 80 m+h+sis3+ -+p+, men.e,+hui se/en+*n)+ /+.+im+n+ 2+*+ ke*(+ sis,em en-ok*in -+l+m ,u/uh no*m+l0 '0 m+h+sis3+ -+p+, men.e,+hui /+.+im+n+ (ik+ sis,em en-ok*in men.+l+mi ke*us+k+n
#A# II PEM#A7ASAN
%0" G+m/+*+n umum sis,em en-ok*in Sis,em en-ok*in /e*in,e*+ksi -en.+n sis,em s+*+4 un,uk men.+,u* -+n men.koo*-in+si +k,i;i,+s ,u/uh0 Pen.en-+li+n en-ok*in -i pe*+n,+*+i oleh pem/+3+ pes+n kimi+ )+n. -ise/u, ho*mon1 ho*mon ini -ilep+s oleh kelen(+* en-ok*in ke -+l+m 2+i*+n ,u/uh1 -i+/so*/si ke -+l+m +li*+n -+*+h1 -+n -i /+3+h mel+lui sis,em si*kul+si menu(u (+*in.+n +,+u sel ,+*.e,0 7o*mon mempen.+*uhi sel ,+*.e, mel+lui *esep,o* ho*mon1 )+i,u molekul p*o,ein )+n. memiliki si4+, pen.ik+, un,uk ho*mon ,e*,en,u0 Respon ho*mon+l ,u/uh /i+s+n)+ le/ih l+m/+,1 -u*+si le/ih l+m+1 -+n -is,*i/usin)+ le/ih lu+s -+*i p+-+ *espons l+n.sun. o,o, -+n kelen(+* ,e*h+-+p s,imulus sis,em s+*+40 Kelen(+* en-ok*in ,i-+k memiliki -uk,us0 Kelen(+* ini men.sek*esi l+n.sun. ke -+l+m 2+i*+n (+*in.+n -i seki,+* sel$seln)+0 Kelen(+* en-ok*in /i+s+n)+ men.sek*esi le/ih -+*i s+,u (enis ho*mon
se/+.i+n /es+* sel ,u/uh1 h+n)+ sel ,+*.e, ,e*,en,u )+n. memiliki *esep,o* spesi4ik )+n. -+p+, -i pen.+*uhi0 Kelen(+* en-ok*in memiliki pe*se-i++n pem/uluh -+*+h )+n. /+ik0 Se2+*+ mik*o/iolo.is1 kelen(+* ,e*se/u, ,e*-i*i -+*i ko*-+ +,+u se(uml+h sel sek,o*i )+n. -ikelilin.i /+n)+k k+pile* -+n -i ,op+n. (+*in.+n ik+,0 Sek*esi -iu*n+l +-+l+h pol+ )+n. n+ik -+n ,u*un -+l+m pe*io-e %6 (+m0 Ko*,isol +-+l+h 2on,oh ho*mon -iu*n+l0 K+-+* ko*,isol menin.k+, p+-+ p+.i h+*i -+n ,u*un p+-+ m+l+m h+*i0 Pol+ sek*esi ho*mon+l puls+,i4 -+n siklik n+ik ,u*un sep+n(+n. 3+k,u ,e*,en,u1 sepe*,i /ul+n+n0 Es,*o.en +-+l+h non siklik -en.+n pun2+k -+n lem/+hn)+ men)e/+/k+n siklus mens,*u+si0 Tipe sek*esi ho*mon+l )+n. ke,i.+ +-+l+h ;+*i+/el -+n ,e*.+n,un. p+-+ k+-+* su/,*+, l+inn)+0 7o*mon p+*+,i*oi- -isek*esi -+l+m /e*espons ,e*h+-+p k+-+* k+lsium se*um0 7o*mon /eke*(+ -+l+m sis,em ump+n /+lik1 )+n. memun.kink+n ,u/uh un,uk -ipe*,+h+nk+n -+l+m si,u+si lin.kun.+n op,im+l0 7o*mon men.on,*ol l+(u +k,i;i,+s selul+*07o*mon ,i-+k men.+3+li pe*u/+h+n /iokimi+1 ho*mon h+n)+ mempen.+*uhi sel$sel )+n. men.+n-un. *esep,o* )+n. sesu+i1 )+n. mel+kuk+n 4un.si spesi4ik0 7o*mon mempun)+i 4un.si -epen-en -+n in,e*-epen-en0 Pelep+s+n ho*mon -+*i s+,u kelen(+* se*in. me*+n.s+n. pelep+s+n ho*mon -+*i kelen(+* l+inn)+0 7o*mon se2+*+ kons,+n -i *e+2,i;+,e- oleh hep+* +,+u mek+nisme l+in -+n -ieksk*esi oleh .in(+l0
%0% Jenis$(enis kelen(+* -+l+m sis,em en-ok*in "0 Kelen(+* hipo4isis +n,e*io* -+n pos,e*io* 7ipo4isis -ise/u, (u.+ kelen(+* pituitary0 7ipo4isis me*up+k+n kelen(+* ke2il -i *on..+ /e*,ul+n. ,e*le,+k -i -+s+* o,+k -i/+3+h hipo,+l+mus seki,+* %2m0 Dihu/un.k+n ke hipol+l+mus oleh ,+n.k+i ke2il
Kelen(+* hipo4isis pos,e*io*
Se2+*+ em/*iolo.is kelen(+* hipo4isis pos,e*io* /e*+s+l -+*i pe*,um/uh+n o,+k )+n. ,e*-i*i -+*i (+*in.+n s+*+4
7o*mon ini -i/+.i men(+-i kelompok /es+* )+i,u Glukoko*,ikoise/+.+i pen.h+sil .ul+1 Mine*+loko*,ikoi- 4un.sin)+ men.+,u* keseim/+n.+n ion N+ -+n ion K1 -+n Gon+-oko*,ikoi-0 Gon+-oko*,i*oi- un,uk 3+ni,+ +-+l+h ho*mon es,*one p*o.es,e*one1 se-+n.k+n un,uk p*i+ +-+l+h ho*mon ,es,os,e*one0 6= P*ol+k,in
%0 Kelen(+* Ti*oiTe*-i*i +,+s % /u+h lo/us )+n. ,e*le,+k -ise/el+h k+n+n -+*i ,*+ke+ -iik+, /e*s+m+ oleh (+*in.+n ,i*oi- )+n. men)+,u -i /+.i+n ,en.+h oleh /+.i+n sempi, kelen(+* )+n. /e*/en,uk sepe*,i -+si kupu$kupu -+n )+n. melin,+si ,*+ke+ -i
se/el+h -ep+n0 Me*up+k+n kelen(+* )+n. ,e*-+p+, -i -+l+m lehe* /+.i+n -ep+n /+3+h1 le,+kn)+ /e*+-+ -i +,+s ,*+ke+1 ,ep+, -i/+3+h l+*in.0 Kelen(+* ini men.h+silk+n ho*mon ,i*oi-0 7o*mon ,i*oi- ini -i/+.i men(+-i % (enis )+i,u )+n. men.+n-un. ,i*oksin <,6 = -+n ,*iio-i,i*onin < , =0 Di lu+* ,i*oise/+.i+n /es+* ,6 ). -isek*esik+n -iu/+h (+-i ,0 Se/+.i+n /es+* , -+n ,6 -i+n.ku, -i -+*+h -+l+m ke+-++n ,e*ik+, ke p*o,ein pl+sm+ ,e*,en,u0 Sel sek*e,o*ik u,+m+ ho*mon ,i*oi- ,e*susun mem/en,uk .elem/un. /e*on..+ /e*isi koloi- )+n. mem/en,uk uni, 4un.sion+l )+i,u 4olikel -+n men(+-i sel 4olikel0 Di *u+n. in,e*s,isium -i+n,+*+ 4olikel ,e*-+p+, sel sek*e,o*ik < sel 2= )+n. men.h+silk+n ho*mon k+lsi,onin0 Sel 4olikel mem4+.osi, koloi- /e*isi ,i*o.lo/ulin un,uk mel+kuk+n sek*esi ho*mon ,i*oi-0 A,+s pen.+*uh ho*mon )+n. -ih+silk+n oleh kelen(+* hipo4ise lo/us +n,e*io*1 kelen(+* ,i*oi- ini -+p+, memp*o-uksi ho*mon ,i*oksin0 A-+pun 4un.si -+*i ho*mon ,i*oksin )+i,u men.+,u* me,+/olisme ,u/uh /+ik me,+/olisme k+*/ohi-*+,1 p*o,ein -+n lipi-0 7o*mon Lio,i*onin )+n. me*up+k+n /+h+n /+ku ,h)*oksin -en.+n s)+*+, h+*us +-+ ion io-ium )+n. ,e*-+p+, -i -ek+, l+u, +,+u h+sil -+*i l+u, sepe*,i ik+n1 .+*+m )+n. /e*io-ium0 7o*mon K+lsi,onin )+n. me*up+k+n /+h+n /+ku pem/en,ukk+n p+*+,ho*mon )+n. (u.+ -isek*esik+n oleh kelen(+* p+*+,h)*oi- -+n /e*4un.si un,uk men.+,u* k+-+* k+lsium
0 Kel+n(+* P+*+,i*oiTe*le,+k -ise,i+p sisi kelen(+* ,i*oi- )+n. ,e*-+p+, -i -+l+m lehe*1 kelen(+* ini /e-uml+h 6 /u+h )+n. ,e*susun /e*p+s+n.+n )+n. men.h+silk+n p+*+ ho*mon +,+u ho*mon p+*+ ,i*oksin0 M+sin.$m+sin. melek+, p+-+ /+.i+n /el+k+n. kelen(+* ,i*oi-1 kelen(+* p+*+,i*oi- men.h+silk+n ho*mon )+n. /e*4un.si men.+,u* k+-+* k+lsium -+n 4os4o* -i -+l+m ,u/uh0 Kelen(+* p+*+,i*oi- memiliki p+n(+n. ki*+$ki*+ ' mm1 le/+* mm1 -+n ,e/+l % mm0 Jik+ -ilih+, se2+*+ mik*oskopik kelen(+* ini ,e*lih+, sepe*,i lem+k /e*3+*n+ 2okl+, kehi,+m$hi,+m+n0 Kelen(+* ini suli, -i,emuk+n k+*en+ ,+mp+k sepe*,i lo/us kelen(+* ,i*oi-0 5un.si p+*+,i*oi- +-+l+h Men.+,u* me,+/olisme 4ospo* -+n Men.+,u* k+-+* k+lsium -+*+h0 7ipo4un.si1 men.+ki/+,k+n pen)+ki, ,e,+ni0 Con,ohn)+ p+-+ ke+-++n 7ipop+*+,i*oi-isme ,e*(+-i keku*+n.+n k+lsium -i -+l+m -+*+h +,+u hipok+lsemi+ men.+ki/+,k+n ke+-++n )+n. -ise/u, ,e,+ni1 -en.+n .e(+l+ kh+s ke(+n. khususn)+ p+-+ ,+n.+n -+n k+ki -ise/u, k+*pope-+l sp+smus1 .e(+l+$.e(+l+ ini -+p+, -i*in.+nk+n -en.+n pem/e*i+n k+lsium0 7ipe*4un.si1 men.+ki/+,k+n kel+in+n$kel+in+n sepe*,i kelem+h+n p+-+ o,o,$ o,o,1 s+ki, p+-+ ,ul+n.1 k+-+* k+lsium -+l+m -+*+h menin.k+, /e.i,u (u.+ -+l+m u*in1 -ekolsi4ik+si -+n -e4o*mi,+s1 -+p+, (u.+ ,e*(+-i p+,+h ,ul+n. spon,+n0 Con,ohn)+ p+-+ ke+-++n 7ipe*p+*+,i*oi-isme /i+s+n)+ +-+ s+n.ku, p+u,n)+ -e$ n.+n pem/es+*+n <,umo*= kelen(+*0 Keseim/+n.+n -is,*i/usi k+ls ium ,e*.+n..u1 k+lsium -ikelu+*k+n kem/+li -+*i ,ul+n. -+n -im+sukk+n kem/+li ke se*um -+*+h0 Aki/+,n)+ ,e*(+-i pen)+ki, ,ul+n. -en.+n ,+n-+$,+n-+ kh+s /e/e*+p+ /+.i+n k*opos0 -ise/u, os,eomieli,is 4i/*os+ sis,ik+ k+*en+ ,e*/en,uk k*is,+l p+-+ ,ul+n.1 k+lsiumn)+ -ie-+*k+n -i -+l+m .in(+l -+n -+p+, men)e/+/k+n /+,u .in(+l -+n ke.+.+l+n .in(+l0 Kel+in+n$kel+in+n -i +,+s -+p+, (u.+ ,e*(+-i p+-+ ,umo* kelen(+* p+*+,i*oi-0
60 Kelen(+* +-*en+l Me*up+k+n kelen(+* sup*+*en+l )+n. (uml+hn)+ +-+ %1 ,e*-+p+, p+-+ /+.i+n +,+s -+*i .in(+l ki*i -+n k+n+n0 Uku*+nn)+ /e*/e-+$/e-+1 /e*+,n)+ *+,+$*+,+ 8 s+mp+i -en.+n B .*+m0 Se2+* s,*uk,u*+l -+n 4un.sion+l kelen(+* +-*en+l ,e*-i*i -+*i % kelen(+* en-ok*in ). men)+,u )+i,u /+.i+n ko*,eks -+n me-ull+0 Kelen(+* sup*+*en+l ini ,e*/+.i +,+s % /+.i+n )+i,u:
+0 #+.i+n lu+* )+n. /e*3+*n+ kekunin.+n )+n. men.h+silk+n ko*,isol )+n. -ise/u, ko*,eks0 Ko*,eks +-*en+l ini se2+*+ his,olo.is ,e*-i*i -+*i l+pis+n
-en.+n .e(+l+$.e(+l+ p+-+ 3+ni,+ /i+s+1 ,e*(+-in)+ .+n..u+n pe*,um/uh+n seks sekun-e*0
80 P+nk*e+s Te*-+p+, p+-+ /el+k+n. l+m/un. -i -ep+n ;e*,e/*+ lum/+lis I -+n II ,e*-i*i -+*i sel$sel +lp+ -+n /e,+0 Sel +lp+ men.h+silk+n ho*mon .luk+.on se-+n.k+n sel$ sel /e,+ men.h+silk+n ho*mon insulin0 7o*mon )+n. -i/e*ik+n un,uk pen.o/+,+n -i+/e,es1 insulin me*up+k+n se/u+h p*o,ein )+n. -+p+, ,u*u, -i2e*n+k+n oleh en?im$en?im pen2e*n++n p*o,ein0 5un.si ho*mon insulin +-+l+h men.en-+lik+n k+-+* .lukos+ -+n /il+ -i.un+k+n se/+.+i pen.o/+,+n1 mempe*/+iki kem+mpu+n sel ,u/uh un,uk men.o/se*;+si -+n men..un+k+n .lukos+ -+n le m+k0 Pul+u L+n.e*h+ns1 Pul+u$pul+u l+n.e*h+ns /e*/en,uk o;+l ,e*se/+* -i selu*uh p+nk*e+s -+n ,e*/+n)+k p+-+ /+.i+n ke-u+ p+nk*e+s0D+l+m ,u/uh m+nusi+ ,e*-+p+, "$% (u,+ pul+u$pul+u l+n.e*h+ns1 sel -+l+m pul+u ini -+p+, -i/e-+k+n +,+s -+s+* .*+nul+si -+n pe3+*n++nn)+ sep+*uh -+*i sel ini mensek*esi insulin1 )+n. l+inn)+ men.h+silk+n polipep,i-+ -+*i p+nk*e+s -i,u*unk+n p+-+ /+.i+n eksok*in p+nk*e+s0 5un.si kepul+u+n L+n.e*h+ns +-+l+h Se/+.+i uni, sek*esi -+l+m pen.elu+*+n homeos,+,ik nu,*isi1 *nen.h+m/+, sek*esi insulin1 .liko.en -+n polipep,i-+ p+nk*e+s se*,+ men.n+m/+, sek*esi .liko.en0 Pul+u L+n.e*h+ns ini men.elu+*k+n Sel +l4+ )+n. mensek*esi ho*mon Gluk+.on un,uk menin.k+,k+n k+-+* .ul+ -+*+h1 Sel /e,+ )+n. mensek*esi ho*mon Insulin )+n. 4un.sin)+ un,uk menu*unk+n k+-+* .ul+ -+*+h1 Sel -el,+ mensek*esi ho*mon Som+,os,+,in )+n. 4un.sin)+ men.h+m/+, pelep+s+n insulin -+n .lu2+.on1 -+n Sel 4 )+n. men.h+silk+n polipep,i-+ p+nk*e+,ik -+n 4un.sin)+ un,uk men.+,u* 4un.si eksok*in p+n2*e+s0
'0 Kelen(+* Pine+l Kelen(+* ini ,e*-+p+, -i -+l+m o,+k1 -i -+l+m ;en,*ikel /e*/en,uk ke2il me*+h sepe*,i se/u+h Gem+*+0 Te*le,+k -ek+, ko*pus0 5un.sin)+ /elum -ike,+hui -en.+n (el+s1 kelen(+* ini men.h+silk+n sek*esi in,e*ns -+l+m mem/+n,u p+nk*e+s -+n kelen(+* kel+min0 7o*mon )+n. -ih+silk+n +-+l+h ho*mon mel+,onin )+n.
4un.sin)+ un,uk men.+,+si (e, l+. +,+u pe*/e-++n 3+k,u +n,+*+ ne.+*+ /+.i ). /epe*.i+n0 Mel+,onin ini p+lin. /+n)+k -i p*o-uksi p+-+ m+l+m h+*i1 -+n p+lin. *en-+h p+-+ (+m "% si+n. 0
90 Kelen(+* Timus Kelen(+* ini ,e*le,+k -i -+l+*n me-i+s,inum -i /el+k+n. os s,e*num1 kelen(+* ,imus ini h+n)+ -i(ump+i p+-+ +n+k$+n+k -i /+3+h " ,+hun0 Kelen(+* ,imus ,e*le,+k -i -+l+m ,o*+ks ki*+$ki*+ se,in..i /i4u*k+si ,*+ke+1 3+*n+n)+ keme*+h$ me*+h+n -+n ,e*-i*i +,+s % lo/us0 P+-+ /+)i /+*u l +hi* s+n.+, ke2il -+n /e*+,n)+ ki*+$ki*+ "&.*+*n +,+u le/ih se-iki,0 Uku*+nn)+ /e*,+m/+h p+-+ m+s+ *em+(+ -+*i &$6& .*+m kemu-i+n /e*ke*u, l+.i0 Kelen(+* ,imus ini me*up+k+n pen.h+sil ho*mon pep,i-+ )+i,u ,imosin -+n ,imopie,in )+n. /e*4un.si -+l+m pe*kem/+n.+n no*m+l l)m4osi, -+n *espon imun ,u/uh0 7o*mon )+n. -ih+silk+n kelen(+* ,imus /e*4un.si un,uk men.+k,i4k+n pe*,um/uh+n /+-+n -+n men.u*+n.i +k,i4i,+s kelen(+* kel+min0
0 Kelen(+* Kel+min Kelen(+* kel+min ini ,e*-i*i -+*i kelen(+* Tes,ik+ )+n. ,e*-+p+, p+-+ p*i+0 Le,+kn)+ -i sk*o,um -+n men.h+silk+n ho*mon ,es,os, e*on0 5un.si ho*mon ,es,os,e*one +-+l+h menen,uk+n si4+, ke(+n,+n+n1 mis+ln)+ +-+n)+ (en..o,1 kumis1 (+kun -+n l+in$l+in1 men.h+silk+n sel m+ni
S,*uk,u* en-ok*in l+in pen.h+sil ho*mone
J+n,un.1 4+k,o* +,*i+l n+,*iu*e,i2 )+n. men)e/+/k+n u*ine /e*.+*+m0
G+s,e*1 )+n. men.h+silk+n .+s,*in -+n /e*4un.si un,uk mem/+n,u -+l+m p*oses .e*+k pe*is,+l,ik )+n. ,e*+,u* p+-+ l+m/un.1 mem/en,uk m+k+n+n
)+n. p+-+, men(+-i lun+k +,+u -+l+m /en,uk 2+i* <2hime= sehin..+ mu-+h -i2e*n+ oleh usus h+lus0
Pl+sen,+1 ho*mon es,*o.en -+n ho*mon p*o.es,e*on1 7CG < ,es keh+mil+n=0
Gin(+l1 ho*mon e*i,*opoie,in )+n. p*o-uksi e*i,*osi,0
Kuli,1 kolek+lsi4e*ol )+n. men)e/+/k+n i,+min D ,i-+k +k,i4 -+n sin+* m+,+h+*i )+n. -i+k,i4k+n -i .in(+l mem/u+, ;i, - l+lu +/so*psi ion C+ -+*i usus0
%0 O/+, G+n..u+n En-ok*in G+n..u+n en-ok*in /is+ ,e*(+-i k+p+n s+(+ -+n un,uk 2+*+ pen.o/+,+nn)+ +n-+ 2ukup -en.+n men.konsumsi +2e m+@s se2+*+ *u,in m+k+n .+n..u+n p+-+ en-ok*in +n-+ +k+n sem/uh -en.+n +2e m+@s )+n. ,e*/u+, -+*i pe*p+-u+n kuli, m+n..is -+n -+un si*s+k ini s+n.+, mem/+n,u un,uk men.o/+,i /e*/+.+i m+2+m pen)+ki, 1
A2e m+@s ,e*/u+, -+*i pe*p+-u+n kuli, m+n..is -+n -+un si*s+k )+n. s+n.+, /+ik un,uk men.o/+,i /e*/+.+i m+2+m pen)+ki, se*,+ pen)+ki, .+n..u+n en-ok*in -+n +2e m+@s ini s+n.+, +mpuh men.o/+,i pen)+ki, ,umo* se*,+ k+nke* h+l ini su-+h ,e*/uk,i 0 A2e M+@s memiliki k+n-un.+n +, +n,hone
+n,ioksi-+n ,in..i )+n. -ih+silk+n -+*i kuli, m+n..is= )+n. /e*kh+si+, un,uk men+n.k+l *+-ik+l /e/+s1 menin.k+,k+n sis,em keke/+l+n ,u/uh1 men.hil+n.k+n ,oksin +,+u *+2un -+l+m ,u/uh1 mempe*/+iki 4un.si -+n ke*us+k+n o*.+n -+l+m ,u/uh1 men)em/uhk+n pe*+-+n.+n -+n in4eksi1 se*,+ mem/unuh ;i*us1 /+k,e* i1 (+mu*1 p+*+si,1 -+n p*o,o?o+ pen)e/+/ pen)+ki,0 Sel+in i,u A2e M+@s (u.+ memiliki k+n-un.+n +, An,iK+nke* )+n. -ih+silk+n -+*i -+un si*s+k -+n ,el+h ,e*/uk,i "&0&&& k+li le/ih e4ek,i4 -+l+m mel+3+n k+nke* -i/+n-in.k+n kemo,e*+pi +,+u ope*+si0 +, An,iK+nke* -+l+m A2e M+@s /e*kh+si+, un,uk mem/unuh sel$se l (+h+, -+*i "% ,ipe k+nke* )+n. /e*/e-+1 men.h+m/+, pen)e/+*+n k+nke*1 melen)+pk+n ,umo*1 kis,+1 miom+1 -+n /en(ol+n!,i*oi- /+ik -i leh e*1 -i ke,i+k1 -i p+)u-+*+1 se*,+ -i sel+n.k+n.+n p+h+1
M+n4++, A2e M+@s %
Konsumsi m+l+m h+*i mem/u+, ,i-u* le/ih n)en)+k
Konsumsi p+.i h+*i men+m/+h ene*.i -+n ;i,+li,+s
Mem/+n,u men2e.+h penu++n -ini <+n,i +.in.=
Mem/+n,u menin.k+,k+n ho*mon p+-+ p*i+ -+n 3+ni,+
Mem/+n,u men.+,+si pen)+ki, -e.ene*+,i4 <(+n,un.1 k+nke*1 s,*oke1 -i+/e,es1 Al?heime*1 7I!AIDS= -+n /e*/+.+i pen)+ki, l+inn)+0 5un.si Pen2e.+h+n Pen.o/+,+n
&enge"t#an Gangguan End!"#n
Sis,em en-ok*in ,e*-i*i -+*i sekelompok o*.+n
Dip*o-uksi -+n -isek*esik+n ke -+l+m -+*+h oleh sel kelen(+* en-ok*in -+l+m (uml+h )+n. s+n.+, se-iki,0
Di+n.ku, oleh -+*+h menu(u ke sel!(+*in.+n ,+*.e,0
Men.+-+k+n in,e*+ksi -en.+n *esep,o* khusus )+n. ,e*-+p+, -i sel ,+*.e,0
Mempun)+i pen.+*uh men.+k,i4k+n en?im khusus0
Mempun)+i pen.+*uh ,i-+k h+n)+ ,e*h+-+p s+,u sel ,+*.e, ,e,+pi -+p+, (u.+ mempen.+*uhi /e/e*+p+ sel ,+*.e, )+n. /e*l+in+n0 %06 O/+, An,i-i+/e,ik O*+l
O/+, +n,i-i+/e,ik o*+l -i.un+k+n un,uk pen.o/+,+n -i+/e,es meli,us ,ipe %
Pe*u/+h+n 5isik : )+n. -i,+n-+i -en.+n ,um/uhn)+ *+m/u, -i -+e*+h ,e*,en,u -+n /en,uk ,u/uh )+n. kh+s p+-+ p*i+ -+n 3+ni,+
Pe*u/+h+n Psikolo.is : Pe*il+ku 4eminin -+n m+skulin1 sensi;i,+s1 moo-!su+s+n+ h+,i0
Pe*u/+h+n Sis,em Rep*o-uksi : Pem+,+n.+n o*.+n *ep*o-uksi1 p*o-uksi o*.+n seksu+l
Di /+lik 4un.sin)+ )+n. men.+.umk+n1 ho*mon k+-+n. (+-i /i+n. kel+-i /e*/+.+i m+s+l+h0 Mis+ln)+ siklus h+i- )+n. ,i-+k ,e*+,u* +,+u (e*+3+, )+n. ,um/uh mem/+/i /u,+ -i 3+(+h0 7o*mon pul+ )+n. k+-+n. mem/u+, ki,+ sen+n. +,+u m+l+h se-ih ,+np+ se/+/0 Semu+ o*+n. p+s,i pe*n+h men.+l+mi h+l ini1
,e*u,+m+ s++, pu/e*,+s0Y+n. p+s,i1 se,i+p ho*mon memiliki 4un.si )+n. s+n.+, spesi4ik p+-+ m+sin.$m+sin. sel s+s+*+nn)+0 T+k he*+n1 s+,u m+2+m ho*mon /is+ memiliki +ksi )+n. /e*/e-+$/e-+ sesu+i sel )+n. mene*im+n)+ s++, -i+li*k+n oleh -+*+h0 P+-+ -+s+*n)+ ho*mon /is+ -i/+.i menu*u, komposisi k+n-un.+nn)+ )+n. /e*/e-+$/e-+ se/+.+i /e*iku,:
7o*mon )+n. men.+n-un. +s+m +mino
7o*mon )+n. men.+n-un. lipi- <,es,os,e*on1 p*o.es,e*on1 es,*o.en1 +l-os,e*on1 -+n ko*,isol=0
7o*mon )+n. men.+n-un. p*o,ein
7o*mon$ho*mon ini /is+ -i/u+, se2+*+ sin,e,is0 Di +n,+*+n)+ +-+l+h ho*mon 3+ni,+ )+i,u es,*o.en -+n p*o.es,e*on )+n. -i/u+, -+l+m /en,uk pil0 Pil ini me*up+k+n /en,uk u,+m+ kon,*+sepsi )+n. -i.un+k+n 3+ni,+ selu*uh -uni+ un,uk memu-+hk+n me*ek+ menen,uk+n s++, )+n. ,ep+,: k+p+n h+*us mempun)+i +n+k -+n (+*+k usi+ ,i+p +n+k0
%0' 7o*mon P+-+ W+ni,+ 7o*mon 3+ni,+ ,e*u,+m+ -i/en,uk -i o;+*ium
Es,*o.en
Es,*o.en me*up+k+n /en,uk+n -+*i +n-*os,eni-ion
men.elu+*k+n ,es,os,e*on -+n -ehi-*oepi+n-*os,e*on1 ,+pi -+l+m (uml+h )+n. se-iki,0
7o*mon P*o.es,e*on
7o*mon ini me*up+k+n /en,uk+n -+*i p*e.nenolon )+n. -ih+silk+n oleh kelen(+* -+n /e*+s+l -+*i koles,e*ol -+*+h0
Tes,os,e*on D+n Dehi-*oepi+n-*os,e*on
7o*mon ini )+n. (u.+ -ip*o-uksi oleh o;+*ium ,e,+pi -+l+m (uml+h )+n. s+n.+, se-iki,0 7o*mon ini -i/u,uhk+n oleh 3+ni,+ k+*en+ /e*hu/un.+n -en.+n -+)+ ,+h+n ,u/uh -+n li/i-o <.+i*+h seksu+l=0 %09 7o*mon P+-+ P*i+ P*oses spe*m+,o.enesis -is,imul+si oleh se(uml+h ho*mon1 )+i,u ,es,o,e*on1 L7
Tes,o,e*on
Tes,o,e*on -isek*esi oleh sel$sel Le)-i. )+n. ,e*-+p+, -i +n,+*+ ,u/ulus semini4e*us0 7o*mon ini pen,in. /+.i ,+h+p pem/el+h+n sel$sel .e*min+l un,uk mem/en,uk spe*m+1 ,e*u,+m+ pem/el+h+n meiosis un,uk mem/en,uk spe*m+,osi, sekun-e*0
L7
L7 -isek*esi oleh kelen(+* hipo4isis +n,e*io*0 L7 /e*4un.si mens,imul+si sel$ sel Le)-i. un,uk mensek*esi ,es,o,e*on0
5S7 <5olli2le S,imul+,in. 7o*mone=
5S7 (u.+ -isek*esi oleh sel$sel kelen(+* hipo4isis +n,e*io* -+n /e*4un.si mens,imul+si sel$sel se*,oli0 T+np+ s,imul+si ini1 pen.u/+h+n spe*m+,i- men(+-i spe*m+
Es,*o.en
Es,*o.en -i/en,uk oleh sel$sel se*,oli ke,ik+ -is,imul+si oleh 5S70 Sel$sel se*,oli (u.+ mensek*esi su+,u p*o,ein pen.ik+, +n-*o.en )+n. men.ik+, ,es,o,e*on
-+n es,*o.en se*,+ mem/+3+ ke-u+n)+ ke -+l+m 2+i*+n p+-+ ,u/ulus semini4e*us0 Ke-u+ ho*mon ini ,e*se-i+ un,uk pem+,+n.+n spe*m+0
7o*mon Pe*,um/uh+n
7o*mon pe*,um/uh+n -ipe*luk+n un,uk men.+,u* 4un.si me,+/olisme ,es ,is0 7o*mon pe*,um/uh+n se2+*+ khusus menin.k+,k+n pem/el+h+n +3+l p+-+ spe*m+,o.enesis0
%0 Kon,*+sepsi Kon,*+sepsi +-+l+h me,o-e +,+u +l+, )+n. -i.un+k+n un,uk men2e.+h keh+mil+n0 A-+ /e*/+.+i (enis kon,*+sepsi1 m+sin.$m+sin. -en.+n m+n4++, -+n keku*+n.+nn)+ m+sin.$m+sin.0 Mempel+(+*i semu+ (enisn)+ mem/u+, An-+ -+p+, menen,uk+n m+n+ )+n. p+lin. ,ep+, un,uk An-+0 Kon,*+sepsi )+n. /e*si4+, semen,+*+ ini /e*,u(u+n menun-+ keh+mil+n +,+u men.+,u* (+*+k +n,+*keh+mil+n0 Jenis kon,*+sepsi ini -+p+, -i.un+k+n (ik+ An-+ /elum in.in memiliki +n+k -+l+m (+n.k+ 3+k,u ,e*,en,u1 -+n -ilep+s (ik+ An-+ ,el+h si+p memiliki +n+k kem/+li0 Me,o-e ini -+p+, -i,e*+pk+n -+l+m /e*/+.+i /en,uk1 )+i,u: A$ Pil Kelu+*.+ #e*en2+n+
Kon,*+sepsi /e*/en,uk pil ini /eke*(+ men..un+k+n ho*mon p*o.es,in -en.+n +,+u ,+np+ ho*mon es,*o.en1 un,uk men2e.+h o;ul+si0 Kon,*+sepsi ini /e*4un.si -en.+n e4ek,i4 (ik+ -ikonsumsi se2+*+ ,e*+,u*0 Peneli,i+n ,el+h menun(ukk+n /+h3+ pen..un++n pil K# s+m+ sek+li ,i-+k /e*-+mp+k /u*uk p+-+ kesu/u*+n 3+ni,+ -i m+s+ )+n. +k+n -+,+n.0 Te*-+p+, -u+ (enis pil K#: "0 Pil kom/in+si:
Me*up+k+n pil )+n. men.+n-un. ho*mon es,*o.en -+n p*o.es,e*on0
Pil ini BBH e4ek,i4 (ik+ -ikonsumsi -en.+n ,ep+,0
Con,oh pil kom/in+si )+i,u Di+ne 81 Y+smin -+n M+*;elon0 Di+ne 8 umumn)+ -i.un+k+n un,uk men.o/+,i (e*+3+,1 ,+pi (u.+ /e*4un.si se/+.+i kon,*+sepsi0
Kele/ih+n%
Men.u*+n.i k*+m s++, h+i- -+n mem/u+, h+i- le/ih ,e*+,u*0
Ti-+k men..+n..u hu/un.+n seks i,u sen-i*i0
Men.u*+n.i *isiko k+nke* o;+*i1 usus -+n *+him0
Keku*+n.+n:
D+p+, men)e/+/k+n e4ek s+mpin. sepe*,i ,ek+n+n -+*+h ,in..i1 p+)u-+*+ n)e*i1 /e*2+k -+*+h1 -+n ken+ik+n /e*+, /+-+n0
Ti-+k melin-un.i -+*i in4eksi menul+* seksu+l
Pe*lu ke2e*m+,+n -+l+m pem+k+i+nn)+ )+n. m+n+ pe* % h+*i1 pil -ikonsumsi se,i+p h+*i un,uk %" h+*i -+n ,i-+k -ikonsumsi un,uk 9 h+*i0
Se/+ikn)+ -i(+uhi 3+ni,+ -i +,+s 8 ,+hun )+n. me*okok k+*en+ /e*isiko men.+l+mi pen..ump+l+n -+*+h0 %0 Pil p*o.es,e*on%
7+n)+ men.+n-un. ho*mon p*o.es,e*on0
Dikonsumsi se,i+p h+*i ,+np+ (e-+
Pil ini (u.+ BBH e4ek,i4 (ik+ -ikonsumsi -en.+n ,ep+,0
Kele/ih+n:
D+p+, -ikonsumsi oleh 3+ni,+ )+n. ,i-+k -+p+, men..un+k+n kon,*+sepsi men.+n-un. es,*o.en k+*en+ men.i-+p ,ek+n+n -+*+h ,in..i +,+u ke.emuk+n0
D+p+, -ikonsumsi 3+ni,+ pe*okok /e*usi+ le/ih -+*i 8 ,+hun ,+np+ men)e/+/k+n pen..ump+l+n -+*+h0
Keku*+n.+n:
7+*us -ikonsumsi se,i+p h+*i p+-+ (+m )+n. s+m+0
D+p+, men)e/+/k+n mens,*u+si /e*hen,i1 ,i-+k ,e*+,u*1 +,+u le/ih se-iki,0
Ti-+k melin-un.i -+*i IMS0
B$ Ko)o < patch= O*,ho E;*+
Ko)o )+n. -i,empelk+n p+-+ kuli, ini melep+sk+n +li*+n es,*o.en -+n p*o.es,in0 #i+s+n)+ ko)o )+n. -i,empelk+n p+-+ pe*u, /+.i+n /+3+h1 /okon.1 +,+u len.+n ini -i.un+k+n sep+n(+n. s+,u min..u sel+m+ min..u0 Kele/ih+n:
Ti-+k pe*lu *u,in men.onsumsi pil -+n mem/u+, h+i- le/ih ,e*+,u*0
D+p+, -i.un+k+n -i kol+m *en+n.1 s++, /e*ol+h*+.+1 +,+u -i k+m+* m+n-i0
Men.u*+n.i *+s+ s+ki, s++, -+,+n. /ul+n0
Me,o-e ini BBH e4ek,i4 (ik+ -i.un+k+n -en.+n ,ep+,0
Keku*+n.+n:
D+p+, men)e/+/k+n i*i,+si kuli, +,+u e4ek s+mpin. l+in )+n. se*up+ -en.+n -+mp+k pil K#0
D+p+, menin.k+,k+n ,ek+n+n -+*+h -+n men)e/+/k+n s+ki, kep+l+0
Ti-+k ,ep+, -i.un+k+n 3+ni,+ pe*okok -+n )+n. /e*usi+ le/ih -+*i 8 ,+hun1 +,+u )+n. /e*+, /+-+nn)+ le/ih -+*i B& k.0
Ti-+k melin-un.i -+*i IMS0
'$ Impl+n!susuk
Kon,*+sepsi ini /e*up+ (+*um ke2il seuku*+n /+,+n. ko*ek +pi <6& mm= )+n. -im+sukk+n ke /+.i+n /+3+h kuli,1 umumn)+ p+-+ len.+n /+.i+n +,+s0 Impl+n ini se2+*+ pe*l+h+n$l+h+n men.elu+*k+n ho*mon p*o.es,in )+n. /e*4un.si men2e.+h keh+mil+n0 Me,o-e ini ,ep+, un,uk 3+ni,+ )+n. in.in menun-+ keh+mil+n -+l+m (+n.k+ pen-ek0 Kele/ih+n%
D+p+, /eke*(+ e4ek,i4 hin..+ (+n.k+ 3+k,u ,+hun0
Ti-+k n+mp+k -i pe*muk++n kuli,0
Co2ok /+.i me*ek+ )+n. se*in. lup+ minum pil K#0
Ti-+k pe*lu men..un+k+n kon-om0
Am+n -i.un+k+n i/u men)usui0
Kon,*+sepsi ini (u.+ /e*.un+ un,uk 3+ni,+ )+n. ,i-+k /is+ men..un+k+n kon,*+sepsi )+n. men.+n-un. es,*o.en0
D+p+, se.e*+ -ilep+s /il+ ,e*(+-i e4ek s+mpin.0
BBH e4ek,i4 (ik+ -i.un+k+n -en.+n ,ep+,0
#i+)+ impl+n <%&&0&&&$&&0&&& pe* ,+hun= le/ih mu*+h -i/+n-in.k+n pil K# <'&0&&&$&0&&& pe* /ul+n=0
Keku*+n.+n:
Pem+k+i impl+n ,i-+k ,e*lin-un.i -+*i pen)+ki, sepe*,i /+.+im+n+ kon-om men2e.+h penul+*+n in4eksi menul+* seksu+l
#e*isiko menim/ulk+n e4ek s+mpin. sepe*,i pen-+*+h+n )+n. ,i-+k no*m+l0
#+.i+n kuli, -i seki,+* impl+n ,e*+s+ n)e*i1 /en.k+k1 -+n ,e*/+k+*0
M+s+ mens,*u+si /e*po,ensi men(+-i ,i-+k ,e*+,u* -+l+m se,+hun +3+l m+s+ pem+k+i+n0
Ti-+k ,ep+, -i.un+k+n oleh pen.i-+p pen)+ki, ,e*,en,u sepe*,i: mi.*+in1 -i+/e,es1 si*osis1 os,eopo*osis1 .+n..u+n h+,i0
D$ Cin2in ;+.in+
Cin2in ;+.in+ -i,emp+,k+n -i -+l+m ;+.in+ sel+m+ ,i.+ min..u1 -i lu+* m+s+ mens,*u+si0 Al+, ini /eke*(+ -en.+n melep+sk+n ho*mon p*o.es,in -+n es,*o.en ke -in-in. ;+.in+0 Kele/ih+n:
C+*+ pem+k+i+n mu-+h1 *in.+n1 -+n /+hk+n An-+ ,i-+k +k+n me*+s+ se-+n. mem+k+in)+0
7+n)+ -i.+n,i s+,u k+li -+l+m se/ul+n -i/+n-in. pil K# )+n. pe*lu -iminum se,i+p h+*i0
E4ek,i4 le/ih -+*i BBH0
Te,+p /eke*(+ (ik+ An-+ men.+l+mi -i+*e +,+u mun,+h0
D+p+, me*in.+nk+n n)e*i h+i-0
Keku*+n.+n:
Di/+n-in. -en.+n impl+n )+n. /e*,+h+n ,+hun1 +l+, kon,*+sepsi ini pe*lu -i.+n,i se,i+p /ul+n0
Ti-+k melin-un.i -+*i *isiko IMS
#e*po,ensi men)e/+/k+n i*i,+si -+n e4ek$e4ek s+mpin. l+in )+n. se*up+ -en.+n -+mp+k pen..un++n ko)o +,+u pil0
7+*.+ +l+, ini *+,+$*+,+ -u+ k+li le/ih m+h+l -i/+n-in. pil K#0
D+p+, /e*e4ek s+mpin. p+-+ /e/e*+p+ 3+ni,+1 sepe*,i men)e/+/k+n s+ki, kep+l+1 .+n..u+n p+-+ ;+.in+1 -+n n)e*i p+)u-+*+0
E$ Sun,ik+n
7o*mon p*o.es,in -isun,ikk+n umumn)+ p+-+ /+.i+n /okon. +,+u len.+n un,uk men2e.+h keh+mil+n -+n e4ekn)+ /e*,+h+n hin..+ /ul+n0 Kele/ih+n%
E4ek,i4 -+n 2ukup -isun,ikk+n ,i+p /ul+n sek+li0
7+*.+ *el+,i4 ,e*(+n.k+u1 ku*+n. le/ih Rp %80&&&$Rp &0&&& pe* sun,ik+n0
D+p+, -i.un+k+n oleh 3+ni,+ )+n. ,i-+k -+p+, men..un+k+n kon,*+sepsi men.+n-un. es,*o.en0
Ti-+k ,e*pen.+*uh oleh o/+,$o/+,+n0
Ti-+k pe*lu -ikonsumsi ,i+p h+*i0
Keku*+n.+n%
Ti-+k melin-un.i p+sien -+*i pen)+ki, kel+min )+n. menul+* mel+lui seks0
Mempun)+i e4ek s+mpin. )+n. h+mpi* s+m+ -en.+n pil K# sepe*,i mu+l1 ken+ik+n /e*+, /+-+n -+n n)e*i p+-+ p+)u-+*+0
D+p+, menu*unk+n kein.in+n un,uk /e*hu/un.+n in,im0
F$ Kon,*+sepsi spons
Kon,*+sepsi spons +-+l+h spons sek+li p+k+i )+n. men.+n-un. spe*misi-+0 Spons ini -ile,+kk+n (+uh -i -+l+m ;+.in+1 -ek+, lehe* *+him1 %6 (+m se/elum mel+kuk+n hu/un.+n seksu+l0 Kele/ih+n:
D+p+, -i.un+k+n ,+np+ *esep +,+u /+n,u+n -ok,e*0
P+s+n.+n p*i+ ,i-+k pe*lu mem+k+i kon-om0
Ti-+k me*epo,k+n sepe*,i pil K# )+n. pe*lu -iin.+, un,uk -ikonsumsi se,i+p h+*i0
Keku*+n.+n:
Di s+mpin. 2ukup suli, un,uk -i.un+k+n -en.+n ,ep+,1 +l+, ini ,i-+k -+p+, -i.un+k+n p+-+ m+s+ mens,*u+si0
Kon,*+sepsi spons (u.+ ,i-+k melin-un.i pem+k+in)+ -+*i IMS0
G$ Intrauterine devices (IUDs
IUD +-+l+h pl+s,ik /e*/en,uk hu*u4 T )+n. -ile,+kk+n -i -+l+m *+him )+n. /e*.un+ un,uk men.h+-+n. spe*m+ +.+* ,i-+k mem/u+hi sel ,elu*0 A-+ % (enis u,+m+ IUD:
IUD )+n. ,e*/u+, -+*i ,em/+.+1 sepe*,i P+*+G+*-1 -+p+, /e*,+h+n l+m+n)+ hin..+ "& ,+hun0
IUD )+n. men.+n-un. ho*mon1 sepe*,i Mi*en+1 pe*lu -i.+n,i ,i+p 8 ,+hun sek+li0
Kele/ih+n:
Ti-+k meme*luk+n pe*+3+,+n *umi,0
W+k,u pem+k+i+n sek+li un,uk (+n.k+ p+n(+n.0
Risiko in4eksi -+l+m %& h+*i se,el+h pem+k+i+n IUD s+n.+, ke2il0
An-+ -+p+, se.e*+ kem/+li su/u* se,el+h IUD -ilep+s oleh -ok,e*0
Keku*+n.+n:
#e*po,ensi men)e/+/k+n e4ek s+mpin. sepe*,i k*+m0
Meme*luk+n /i+)+ un,uk pem+s+n.+n +3+l0
Le,+kn)+ -+p+, /e*.ese*0
P+*+G+*- /is+ men.+ki/+,k+n siklus mens,*u+si ,i-+k ,e*+,u* -+n ;olume h+i- )+n. le/ih /+n)+k0
A-+ *isiko ,u/uh +k+n menol+k IUD ,e*se/u,0
D+p+, menim/ulk+n *+s+ ,i-+k n)+m+n0
H$ Spe*misi-+
Spe*misi-+ -+p+, /e*/en,uk /us+1 (eli1 +,+u k*im )+n. /e*4un.si mem/unuh sel spe*m+0 #+h+n ini -i,emp+,k+n -+l+m ;+.in+ se/elum /e*hu/un.+n seksu+l1 /e/e*+p+ -i +n,+*+n)+ -il+kuk+n & meni, se/elumn)+0 Kele/ih+n:
Mu-+h -i.un+k+n -+n h+*.+n)+ *el+,i4 ,e*(+n.k+u0
Spe*misi-+ (u.+ p+lin. se*in. -i.un+k+n /e*s+m++n -en.+n me,o-e kon,*+sepsi l+in0
Keku*+n.+n:
D+p+, menin.k+,k+n *isiko IMS -+n in4eksi se*,+ i*i,+si0
Kon-om p*i+
Kon,*+sepsi )+n. ,e*/u+, -+*i k+*e, ini men2e.+h spe*m+ +.+* ,i-+k m+suk ke -+l+m ,u/uh 3+ni,+0 Kele/ih+n:
D+p+, -i/eli -i /+n)+k ,emp+,0
BH e4ek,i4 men2e.+h keh+mil+n0
7+*.+ ,e*(+n.k+u0
Melin-un.i pem+k+in)+ -+*i IMS0
Keku*+n.+n:
7+n)+ sek+li p+k+i0
7+n)+ e4ek,i4 (ik+ -ip+s+n. -en.+n ,ep+,0
D+p+, lep+s s++, /e*hu/un.+n seks0
P*o-uk /e*/+h+n -+s+* losion -+p+, mem/u+, kon-om men(+-i ,i-+k e4ek,i40 Kon-om 3+ni,+
Kon-om 3+ni,+ umumn)+ -ile,+kk+n p+-+ mulu, ;+.in+ -el+p+n (+m se/elum mel+kuk+n hu/un.+n seksu+l0 Kele/ih+n:
A-+ pe*lin-un.+n un,uk pem+k+in)+ -+*i pen)+ki, kel+min )+n. menul+*0
Jik+ -i.un+k+n -en.+n ,ep+,1 mem/e*ik+n pe*lin-un.+n e4e k,i4 B8H0
Keku*+n.+n:
Le/ih ,i-+k umum -i/+n-in. kon-om p*i+0
7+n)+ -+p+, -i.un+k+n sek+li0
Seki,+* " -+*i 8 pem+k+i+n kon-om 3+ni,+ .+.+l sehin..+ men)e/+/k+n keh+mil+n0
D+p+, men)e/+/k+n ke,i-+kn)+m+n+n p+-+ o*.+n kel+min 3+ni,+0
I$ Di+4*+.m+
Di+4*+.m+ +-+l+h kon,*+sepsi men)e*up+i ku/+h )+n. -ile,+kk+n p+-+ mulu, *+him se/elum /e*hu/un.+n seksu+l0 Kon,*+sepsi )+n. ,e*/u+, -+*i k+*e, ini -i.un+k+n /e*s+m++n -en.+n spe*misi-+0 Al+, ini h+*us ,e,+p -ip+k+i s+mp+i se,i-+kn)+ en+m (+m se,el+h /e*hu/un.+n seksu+l0
Kele/ih+n:
#e/+s ho*mon0
7+*.+n)+ *el+,i4 ,e*(+n.k+u
D+p+, -ip+k+i ul+n. se,el+h -i2u2i0
E4ek,i4 men2e.+h keh+mil+n hin..+ B% B'H0
Keku*+n.+n:
Spe*misi-+ )+n. -i.un+k+n /e*s+m++n -en.+n -i+4*+.m+ -+p+, menim/ulk+n i*i,+si (+*in.+n ;+.in+0
Pen..un+ meme*luk+n 3+k,u se/elum ,+hu 2+*+ men..un+k+n -i+4*+.m+ -en.+n e4ek,i40
Ti-+k melin-un.i pen..un+n)+ -+*i in4eksi menul+* seksu+l
J$ !ervical cap
!ervical cap +,+u /i+s+ -iken+l -en.+n The5emC+p /e*/en,uk le/ih ke2il1 n+mun men)e*up+i -i+4*+.m+ -+n (u.+ -i.un+k+n /ese*,+ -en.+n spe*misi-+0 Kon,*+sepsi ini -ile,+kk+n p+-+ mulu, *+him sehin..+ menu,up (+l+n menu(u *+him0 Kele/ih+n:
7+n)+ pe*lu -i.un+k+n s++, /e*hu/un.+n in,im
Jik+ -i.un+k+n -en.+n ,ep+,1 -+p+, men2e.+h keh+mil+n hin..+ B%$B'H0
Ti-+k /e*isiko menim/ulk+n m+s+l+h keseh+,+n se*ius0
Keku*+n.+n:
7+n)+ /e*,+h+n sel+m+ % h+*i0
Ti-+k melin-un.i pen..un+n)+ -+*i IMS "&& pe*sen -+n ,i-+k -+p+, -i.un+k+n sel+m+ m+s+ mens,*u+si0
Sel+in i,u pem+s+n.+nn)+ h+*us -il+kuk+n oleh -ok,e*0
#A# III PENUTUP 0" Kesimpul+n En-ok*in /e*+s+l -+*i /+h+s+ Yun+ni )+n. +*,in)+ sek*e, ke -+l+m0 Kelen(+* /un,u men.h+silk+n sek*e, ,i-+k mel+lui s+lu*+n ,e*,en,u 1 +k+n ,e,+pi l+n.sun. m+suk si*kul+si ke -+l+m -+*+h )+i,u ho*mon < me*+n.s+n.=0 Kelen(+* en-ok*in /uk+nl+h kelen(+* /u+n.+n1 kelen(+* en-ok*in memiliki e4ek sek*esi )+n. +*,in)+ se,el+h -i kelu+*k+n +k+n -i p*oses -+n -i .un+k+n kem/+li0 Sek*esi ,e*se/u, men.h+silk+n ho*mon )+n. +k+n -i sek*esik+n mel+lui pe*e-+*+n -+*+h l+lu s+mp+i p+-+ ,+*.e, sel0 Kelen(+* en-ok*in ini /eke*(+ -en.+n mek+nisme 4ee- /+2k )+n. +*,in)+ p+s,i +k+n +-+ ,im/+l /+lik -+*i o*.+n ,u(u+n ,+-i )+n. /e*up+ e4ek0 Sis,em en-ok*in /e*in,e*+ksi -en.+n sis,em s+*+4 un,uk men.+,u* -+n men.koo*-in+si +k,i;i,+s ,u/uh0 Pen.en-+li+n en-ok*in -i pe*+n,+*+i oleh pem/+3+ pes+n kimi+ )+n. -ise/u, ho*mon1 ho*mon ini -ilep+s oleh kelen(+* en-ok*in ke -+l+m 2+i*+n ,u/uh1 -i +/so*/si ke -+l+m +li*+n -+*+h1 -+n -i /+3+ mel+lui sis,em si*kul+si menu(u (+*in.+n +,+u sel ,+*.e,0
Sis,em en-ok*in memiliki 4un.si un,uk mempe*,+h+nk+n hemoes,+,is1 mem/+,u mensek*esik+n ho*mon$ho*mon )+n. /eke*(+ -+l+m sis,em pe*s)+*+4+n1 pen.+,u*+n pe*,um/uh+n -+n pe*kem/+n.+n -+n kon,*ol pe*kem/+n.+n seksu+l -+n *ep*o-uksi0 7o*mon mempen.+*uhi sel ,+*.e, mel+lui *esep,o* ho*mon1 )+i,u molekul p*o,ein )+n. memiliki si4+, pen.ik+, un,uk ho*mon ,e*,en,u0 Respon ho*mon+l ,u/uh /i+s+n)+ le/ih l+m/+,1 -u*+si le/ih l+m+1 -+n -is,*i/usin)+ le/ih lu+s -+*i p+-+ *espons l+n.sun. o,o, -+n kelen(+* ,e*h+-+p s,imulus sis,em s+*+40
0% S+*+n P+-+ sis,em en-ok*in -i,emuk+n /e*/+.+i m+2+m .+n..u+n -+n kel+in+n1 /+ik k+*en+ /+3++n m+upun k+*en+ 4+k,o* lu+*1 sepe*,i ;i*us +,+u kes+l+h+n men.konsumsi m+k+n+n0 Un,uk i,u (+.+l+h keseh+,+n +n-+ +.+* sel+lu -+p+, /e*+k,i;i,+s -en.+n /+ik0 DA5TAR PUSTAKA
An+,om) Ph)siolo.) 4o* nu*se /) E;el)n pe+*2e -iin-onesi+ oleh S*i Yuli+n+ 7+n-o)ono Dipe*iks+ kem/+li oleh -*0K+*,ono Moh+m+h,,p:!!-i+n+s*inu*se0/lo.spo,02o0i-!%&"8!&!m+k+l+h$sis,em$en-ok*in0h,ml h,,ps:!!o/+,.+n..u+nen-ok*in03o*-p*ess02om h,,p:!!u2ii+iss)i+h0/lo.spo,02o0i-!%&"%!&'!ho*mon$)+n.$/e*hu/un.+n$ -en.+n0h,ml
h,,p:!!*inik+m+l%0/lo.spo,02o0i-!%&"!"&!sis,em$en-ok*in$+suh+n$ kepe*+3+,+n0h,ml h,,p:!!kepe*+3+,+nh+e*il+n3+*0/lo.spo,02o0i-!%&"%!&!sis,em$en-ok*in0h,ml
