LAS ÓRBITAS DE LOS PLANETAS: HEGEL CONTRA NEWTON - José Montesinos Sirera. FCOHC

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Ij òvij yvf ji hvfs~i i l`q|ieaì ek |`fef eèovei qòe`hàia`ñe häqài* lfaäi Gfofj* fj Rsèa`r`k lf @efsaì* ek qñjk ek fq xfs`hàicjf frfs`dfe|ijdfe|f* qèk yvf fe Efw|ke fqi èfsaì qf akex`fs|f rivji|èidfe|f fe vei hvfs~i p fe lfhè`|`xi fe vei rskr`flil sfij lf jkq avfsrkq di|fsìjfq% Gfofj xi déq ijjé p lfajisi yvf ji häqài lf jkq a`fjkq ek fq ji d`qdi yvf ji |fssfq|sf* akqi yvf pi gicäi làgk Is`q|ñ|fjfq p avpi efoia`ñe fsi fj ksovjjk lfj gkdcsf lf A`feaì rksyvf sfrsfqfe|ici fj ieqìlk lkdè`k lf jkq a`fjkq% Ji osixflil fe ji \`fssi* fq|k fq* fj rks yvà aif vei die~iei* ek fq jk d`qdk yvf ji osix`|ia`ñe fe jkq a`fjkq* fq lfa`s* rks yvà ji Jvei o`si ijsflflks lf ji \`fssi* p q` c`fe fj rsèa`r`k lf èfsaì* i rfqis lf qv icq|siaa`ñe* rvflf qfsx`s fe fj lkdè`k |fssfq|sf* fq|é fe hjiosie|f ake|silàa`ñe ake|silàa`ñe ake ji osixflil ve`xfsqij% Fq|i fq* a`fs|idfe|f* vei |fq`q dvp kqili p yvf hvf idrjìdfe|f sfagi~ili rks ji akdve`lil a`fe|ähài lfj qòjk W@W* yvf aij`hàñ i Gfofj lf èakeqa`fe|f risjieagäe% Rfsk i jkq knkq lf gkp* jfnkq lf akeafra`kefq icqkjv|iq p lf xfslilfq f|fseiq* ji krè`ñe lf Gfofj fq* k lfcf qfs* xij`kqi rksyvf fe ji xòfe|f |fksäi lf ji sfji|`x`lil ofefsij fèq|feìei jiq ickssfa`liq hvfs~iq i l`q|ieaì gie lfqirisfa`lk p ji diqi lfj Qkj pi ek i|sif ake hvfs~i evajfis i ji \`fssi* qèk yvf àq|i qf lfqj`~i qvixfdfe|f* qè qkdf|fsqf i hvfs~i ijovei* rks jkq xiq|kq aidèkq yvf ji avsxi|vsi lfj fqria`k$|`fdrk jf `drkef* p yvf jiq diqiq lfj Ve`xfsqk fq|icjfafe* avij rj`fovfq lfj ijdi lfj Dvelk% P fe avie|k ij rsèa`r`k lf @efsaì* àq|f fq gkp vei ie|òvijji yvf qñjk q`sxf risi rkefs fe ve irs`f|k i jkq rskhfqksfq lf häqài avielk qf jfq rsfove|i rks qv xij`lf~ ia|vij% P iqä* ek fe xiek* fj rfeqid`fe|k yvf qv|`jdfe|f feji~i i Is`q|ñ|fjfq ake Mfrjfs* p i àq|f ake Jf`ce`~* p i Jf`ce`~ ake Gfofj* jjfoi lfqrvàq i Fèq|fè% Fq|vl`fdkq déq lf|fe`lidfe|f fj añdk p fj rksyvà lf ji krè`ñe gfofjìei%

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lf iake|fa`d`fe|kq frkaijfq% Ji Sfxkjva`ñe hsieafqi* avjdèia`ñe lfj qòjk lf jiq Jvafq* rskrioi jiq `lfiq lf j`cfs|il p hsi|fse`lil rks |kli Fvskri* p àq|iq jjfoie |idc`àe ij ie|òvk qfdèis`k lkelf akex`xfe* fe|sf k|skq fq|vlìe|fq lf |fkjkoäi* Gfofj* Gøjlfsjè p Qagfjjèo% \ij akeafe|sia`ñe lf |ijfe|k rk|feaìj qf veäi i jiq dioeähàiq akelà`kefq risi fj fq|vl`k yvf sfveäi fj x`fnk akexfe|k iovq|èk* ake qv ri~ dkeiaij* ij fyv`j`csilk rskosidi lf fq|vl`kq ofefsijfq* p dvp ris|àvjisdfe|f* i ji i|fea`ñe yvf qf rsfq|ici i ji H`jkqkhäi* yvf fe fqkq dkdfe|kq Mie| gicäi fjfxilk i jiq déq ij|iq ak|iq% Gfofj rkqfäi vei èdfeqi ieqì lf qicfs p vei feksdf airia`lil lf iq`d`jis akeka`d`fe|kq% Dvp è|fsfqilk rks ji G`q|ksì* lflàñ osie ris|f lf qv nvxfe|vl ij fq|vl`k lf jiq `lfiq yvf gicäie dklfjilk lkq osielfq rfs`klkq lf ji g`q|ksì lf ji Gvdie`lil> fj Gfjfe`qdk p fj As`q|ìe`qdk% Fq|kq qfsäie jkq r`jisfq qkcsf jkq yvf akeq|sv`säi qv H`jkqkhäi p qv è|fsrsf|ia`ñe è|fsrsf|ia`ñe lf ji G`q|ksì% Rks fj qfdèis`k a`savjie jiq kcsiq lf Skvqqfiv p lf L/Ijfdcfs| p ijovei yvf k|si rskajidi sfxkjva`keisì% Jff fj Gisdkeàfq Dvel` lf Mfrjfs* ie|òvk ijvdek lfj d`qdk qfdèis`k% Fq|vlì i hkelk jkq ajéqàkq os`fokq p ji|èkq p yvfli rskhvelidfe|f `drsfq`keilk rks ji |sioflì lf Ie|äokei> « Ie|äokei fq ji kcsi lf is|f déq qvcj`df p déq jkosili lf |klkq jkq |`fdrkq% \klk fq akeqfavfe|f fe fq|i |sioflì> ji jfp rþcjài lfj Fq|ilk p fj äe|`dk idks hid`jìs* iqä akdk fj lfcfs hsfe|f ij gfsdiek* qf fehsfe|ie akehjà|`xidfe|f fe|sf qä> fj è|fsàq lf ji hid`jì fq fj ri|gkq lf ji dvnfs* Ie|äokei= fj c`fefq|is lf ji akdve`lil fq fj ri|gkq lfj gkdcsf* Asfke|f ½1% Qòvf fq|ielk dvp è|fsfqilk fe fj |fdi sfjò`kqk% Ji sfjò`ñe* risi Gfofj* fq efafqisì













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xijksia`ñe lf ji Sfxkjva`ñe Hsieafqi akdk gfagk déq lfa`q`xk lf ji G`q|ksì dklfsei qf hvf lfqrji~ielk fe àj giaì ji Sfhksdi Rsk|fq|ie|f ?% Gfofj fdr`f~i i |fefs vei x`q`ñe ofefsij lf ji G`q|ksì p ij òvij yvf Jf`ce`~* akeq`lfsi yvf Ie|òúflil p As`q|ìe`qdk qf hvel`fske fe ve |klk ake ji akeafra`ñe lfj dvelk dfaieà`q|i lf jkq Dklfsekq% Ek gip xfslilfsi svr|vsi fe|sf fqkq rfs`klkq p jkq l`q|è|kq q`q|fdiq h`jkqñhàkq yvf qf qvaflfe ek ievjie jkq ie|fs`ksfq% Jk yvf gip fq ve « lfqisskjjk rskosfq`xk lf ji xfslil ½* ½* rsklva|k lfj lfqrj`fovf lf ji si~ñe yvf fq vei% Qv x`q`ñe lfj dvelk qf xi hksdielk fe l`éjkok ake ji G`q|ksì p lfqrvàq lf xfè|f iùkq lf jfa|vsiq p lf sfhjf`ñe pi fq|é l`qrvfq|k i qij`s p rsflàis qv lka|sèi* p iqä* fe ekx`fdcsf lf 9722 7 fqas`cf i Qagfjjèo* pi rskhfqks fe Nfei* fq|i hsiqf> « D` hksdia`ñe a`fe|ähài akdfe~ñ rks efafq`lilfq gvdieiq lf aiséa|fs qfavelis`k= iqä |vxf yvf `s q`felk fdrvnilk giaì ji a`feaì* p fj `lfij nvxfe`j |vxk yvf |kdis ji hksdi lf ji sfhjf`ñe* akex`s|`àelkqf fe q`q|fdi% Igksi d`fe|siq iþe df kavrk fe fjjk* df rsfove|k añdk feake|sis ji xvfj|i risi è|fsxfe`s fe ji x`li lf jkq gkdcsfq













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Efw|ke gicsäi rsf|fel`lk sfekxis ji a`feaì häqài ake fj akeafr|k lf hvfs~i* fe qv qfoveli jfp lf ji dfaéeài* l`sfa|idfe|f akeafc`lk i ris|`s lfj rsèa`r`k lf èfsaì k rs`dfsi jfp lf ji dfaéeài% Risi Gfofj fq|k fq vei hàa`ñe rvfq> «Q` Efw|ke yvfsäi lfqisskjjis jiq sfjia`kefq di|fdé|àiq* fq qksrsfelfe|f yvf gipi v|`j`~ilk ji rijicsi hvfs~i= rvfq jiq aie|`lilfq lf jkq hfeñdfekq i|iùfe i jiq di|fdé|àiq* rfsk fj akeka`d`fe|k lf ji hvfs~i rfs|fefaf i ji häqài% Fe sfij`lil asfpfelk lfhè`s rks lkyv`fs rskrkqà`kefq fe|sf hvfs~iq* Efw|ke gi jfxie|ilk ve fl`hà`k akdrvfq|k lf häqài p di|fdé|ài* fe fj yvf ake l`hàvj|il qf f|sife akeqfavfeaìq risi ji a`feaì häqài p akeq|`|vpfe ve xfslilfsk irks|f sfij risi fjji½% Lf|séq lfj sfagi~k gfofjìek lfj akeafr|k lf hvfs~i qf feavfe|si ji lfqakehìe~i fe ji di|fdi|`~ia`ñe lf ji aivqij`lil häqài% Risi Lkdè`yvf Lvcisjf* fe qv `drks|ie|f is|äavjk lf 9087 qkcsf ji asä|ài gfofjìei lf ji dfaéeài lf Efw|ke* Gfofj gicsäi è|fe|ilk asfis vei \fksäi lf jiq













irjàia`ñe fe k|skq ake|f|kq lf ji a`feaì% Fqrfaìjdfe|f as`|àicjf qfsäi risi Gfofj ji sfjia`ñe yvf Efw|ke fq|icjfaf fe|sf jkq akeafr|kq lf diqi p lf hvfs~i yvf `drjàie fj fe|felfs iyvfjji akdk vei qvq|ieaì èfs|f p qè fdcisok avie|`hàicjf% Fq fj akeafr|k lf diqi yvf qf ilkr|f jk yvf lf|fsdèi yvà fq|ilk lf dkx`d`fe|k fq ei|vsij p yvà fq|ilk gip yvf iqas`c`sjk i aivqiq f|fseiq* fq|k fq* i jkq fhfa|kq lf hvfs~iq% Rfsk |si|fdkq lf fe|felfs jk yvf fq vei hvfs~i fe Efw|ke% Risi ji lèédài efw|keìei p risi ji häqài lf gkp* hvfs~i* k hvfs~i `drsfqi* fq fe rijicsiq lfj rskr`k Efw|ke> « Ie `drsfqqfl hksaf `q ie ia|`ke ffs|fl vrke i cklp è kslfs |k agieof `|q q|i|f* f`|gfs kh sfq|* ks kh ve`hksd dk|`ke è i sò|g jèf ½% Rfsk »p ji jjidili hvfs~i lf èfsaì; 96> rvfq sfqvj|i yvf qfoþe ji |fksäi efw|keìei ek fq sfijdfe|f vei hvfs~i* iveyvf dvagiq xfafq qf ji lfqòef iqä* p fj rskr`k Efw|ke jk gioi avielk jf akex`fef% Ji èfsaì fq ji |felfeaì lf ve avfsrk i rfsdiefafs fe qv fq|ilk lf sfrkqk k lf dkx`d`fe|k sfa|`jäefk ve`hksdf '9® jfp lf Efw|ke) rfsk rvflf qfs akeq`lfsili |idc`àe













lflva`s di|fdé|àidfe|f yvf jkq rjief|iq o`sie ijsflflks lfj Qkj qòv`felk ñsc`|iq lf qfaa`kefq añeàiq p ek frjäa`|idfe|f fj`rqfq% Gfofj lfqa`felf ij |fssfek lf qv ilxfsqis`k p qf akeafe|si fe ji Rskr% 9* Qfaa% 3* J`csk @ lf jkq Rsèa`rì yvf akeq`lfsi akdk ji rskrkqà`ñe hvelidfe|ij lf iyvfjji |fksäi lf ji osix`|ia`ñe> «\gf isfiq wgàg sfxkjxèo ckl`fq lfqas`cf cp sil`` lsiwe |k ie èdkxicjf afe|sf kh hksaf lk j`f è |gf qidf èdkxicjf rjiefq* iel isf rskrks|`keij |k |gf |`dfq è wgàg |gfp isf lfqas`cfl ½% Efw|ke fq|é |si|ielk lf fq|vlìs ji sfjia`ñe fe|sf ji f`q|feaì lf vei hvfs~i afe|särf|i p ji qfoveli jfp lf Mfrjfs 9?% Ji lfdkq|sia`ñe lf fq|i rskrkqà`ñe lfqaieqi fe ji irjàia`ñe lf ji jfp lf ji lìokeij lfj risijfjkosidk irjàili i lkq qfodfe|kq yvf sfrsfqfe|ie ji hvfs~i afe|särf|i* lf i|siaa`ñe* sfrsfqfe|ielk i ji osixflil* p ji hvfs~i lf èfsaì* ji x`q èq`|i* avpk q|i|vq akdk hvfs~i* qfoþe jiq rskrìq jfpfq lf ji dfaéeài efw|keìei* fq déq yvf rskcjfdé|àk% Gfofj rsk|fq|i ilva`felk yvf q`drjfq qfodfe|kq ofkdà|sàkq* fe|fq þeàidfe|f osixflil















lf làgkq dke|fq 'rks fj aéjavjk rsfaflfe|f p gisäi yvf fqi rfyvfùi jvei q` rfsl`fsi |klk fj dkx`d`fe|k ake fj yvf qf lfqrji~i fe qv ñsc`|i* ij hij|isjf ji hvfs~i afe|sähvoi ake ji yvf gicäi rfsdiefa`lk fe qv ñsc`|i aifsäi giaì ji \`fssi 90 ½% ``) Fe sfjia`ñe i ji « càxvf½ gfofjìei 'aij`hài|`xk lf Lvcisjf f| Lf Oiel p yvf qòe`hàisäi ijok iqä akdk «oskqfsi èakssfaa`ñe½) lf akehvel`s ji hvfs~i afe|sähvoi ake ji hvfs~i lf èfsaì |ieofeaìj* _%Efvqfs fe qv is|äavjk «\gf akeafr| kh Hksaf è |gf fòg|ffe afe|vsp½ fq|vlì ji q`|via`ñe i jk jisok lf ji qfoveli d`|il lfj qòjk WX@@@ p













akdrsvfci añdk Xkj|i`sf f èajvqk L/Ijfdcfs| akdf|fe ji d`qdi « càxvf½* ilfdéq lf dvagkq lf jkq j`cskq lf |f|k ijfdiefq lf fqi àrkai% @gdò* fe qv is|äavjk jjfoi i lfa`s yvf fj rskr`k Efw|ke risfaf akdf|fs ji « càxvf½ fe fj qagkj`vd |k rskr% hkvs* ckkm @@@* pi a`|ilk rsfaflfe|fdfe|f> rsfaflfe|fdfe|f> «Efw|ke akeq`lfsq |gf qvrrkqfl dk|`ke kh i j`||jf dkke ickv| |gf fis|g> \gf ake|f| dimfq `| rsf||p ajfis |gig wgi| `q cfèo qvrrkqfl gfsf `q ek| i dk|`ke sfji|fl |k i hsidf kh sfhfsfeaf sk|i|èo w`|g `|> \gf ia|vij wkslq isf iq hkjjkwq> «\gfsfhksf `h |gf qidf j`||jf dkke qgkvjl cf lfqfs|fl cp `|q













ñsc`|iq lf jkq rjief|iq * iveyvf die|feoi fj fqräs`|v ofefsij yvf ji ie`dici* akeq|svpfelk ve l`qavsqk déq fjicksilk p akgfsfe|f* p qkcsf |klk déq è|fjò`cjf% Iafr|isé fe|keafq yvf>

« Ji osix`|ia`ñe ve`xfsqij lfcf qfs sfakeka`li* fe qä d`qdk* akdk ve rfeqid`fe|k rskhvelk* èajvqk q` ‑irsfgfel`li èàìjdfe|f fe ji fqhfsi lf ji sfhjf`ñe‑ gi akeqfov`lk ji i|fea`ñe p ji akehìe~i qkcsf |klk rks ji lf|fsdèia`ñe avie|`|i|`xi i fjji jòili* p gi lfc`lk feake|sis qv akeh`sdia`ñe qkjidfe|f fe ji













qke déq c`fe* lkq |`rkq lf sfij`~ia`ñe l`hfsfe|f lf ve þeàk rskafqk* fj lfj rfeqid`fe|k fe|fel`lk ij dklk gfofjìek akdk lèédàk p rsklva|`xk 38% »Rks yvà ji si~ñe fq airi~ lf jjfxis i aick fq|i ve`hàia`ñe yvf qvrkef ji akdrsfeq`ñe lf ji sfij`lil; Rksyvf* qfoþe Gfofj* ji rskrì sfij`lil ek fq déq yvf fj lfqisskjjk* fj lfqrj`fovf lf vei sia`keij`lil yvf fq|é fe fj ksòfe d`qdk lf jk sfij% Fq|i sia`keij`lil yvf okc`fsei fj dvelk fq ji d`qdi si~ñe yvf qf feavfe|si fe fj gkdcsf* lf igä yvf rvfli rsklva`sqf fqi fqrfa`f lf sfakeka`d`fe|k p |idc`àe ji oisie|äi lfj d`qdk% Fe |ie|k yvf jk sfij fq kriak f èlfhè`lk lfcf qfs lf|fsdèilk* fq lfa`s* l`hfsfeaìlk*













Gfofj fdr`f~i fq|i |fsafsi ris|f là`felk> «]%%%T ji cþqyvfli p fj akeka`d`fe|k lf jiq jfpfq lf ji ei|vsijf~i |`fefe ve qkjk hvelidfe|k p fq evfq|si akexàa`ñe yvf ji ei|vsijf~i gi q`lk akehòvsili rks ji si~ñe ]%%%T Fq|k qf kcqfsxi ajisidfe|f fe iyvfjjkq yvf cvqaie jiq jfpfq i |sixàq lf ji frfs`feaì p rks èlvaa`ñe> avielk ake hks|vei feavfe|sie ji iris`feaì lf vei jfp* lfajisie ji `lfe|`lil lf ei|vsijf~i p si~ñe* p qf rkefe dvp ake|fe|kq ake qv lfqavcs`d`fe|k= rfsk q` ijoþe hfeñdfek ek qf invq|i c`fe i jk yvf làf ji jfp* fe|keafq rkefe fe lvli ji frfs`feaì p qf fqhvfs~ie ij jäd`|f







































C@CJ@KOSIHÄI













LAS ÓRBITAS DE LOS PLANETAS: HEGEL CONTRA NEWTON - José Montesinos Sirera. FCOHC

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