LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM SEISMOLOGI ANALISIS SEISMOGRAM SKALA GLOBAL
Oleh: RURRY ELSA LORENZA (12314016) ROSLIANI WIIA WIIA PAMUNGKAS PAMUNGKAS (1231402!) "ARITSARI EWI (12314030)
ASISTEN : EMIRZA #AISAL A"LAN (12313030) RIANTY KUSUMA EWI (123130$4)
LABORATORIUM SEISMOLOGI, PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK GEOFISIKA INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG 2016
ANALISIS SEISMOGRAM SKALA GLOBAL RURRY ELSA LORENZA N% (12314016) ROSLIANI WIIA PAMUNGKAS (1231402!) "ARITSARI EWI (12314030) ABSTRAK Seismogram merupakan grafik aktivitas gempa bumi sebagai fungsi waktu yang dihasilkan oleh seismometer. Dalam seismogram terekam segala getaran yang disebabkan oleh penjalaran gelombang seismic dari pusat gempa di dalam bumi dan kemungkinan sumber lainnya. Kekuatan getaran tergantung dari besar kecilnya energy yang dilepaskan dari sumber seismic dan jauhnya jarak pusat gempa dengan stasiun perekam. Rekaman ini dapat dipergunakan salah satunya untuk menentukan magnitudo gempa tersebut. Setiap seismogram memberikan informasi penting tentang sumber seismic dan medium yang dilewati gelombang. Dari informasi seismogram kita bisa menganalisis struktur interior bumi yang memanfaatkan gelombang P dan S, gelombang bodi, serta gelombang refleksi dan transmisi yang terekam. etoda yang digunakan untuk menganalisa gelombang!gelombang tersebut yaitu dengan menggunakan software Seisgram, serta membandingkan hasil seismogram dengan diagram "efrey!#ullen. Diagram "efrey!#ullen menunjukkan kemungkinan!kemungkinan fasa yang muncul pada waktu dan posisi tertentu. Diagram waktu tempuh ini merupakan diagram waktu tempuh pada permukaan. Dari pengamatan gelombang yang diunduh dari $R$S kita bisa mengisi table "efrey! #ullen dan di bandingkan dengan diagramnya. Setelah dilakukan ternyata ada perbedaan antara keadaan asli dengan diagram "effrey!#ullen. %al ini dapat terjadi dikarenakan adanya perbedaan lapisan di bawah permukaan bumi &heterogenitas bumi'. Kata kunci : Seismik, seismogram, diagram Jeffrey-Bullen, gelombang bodi, fasa gelombang, seisgram
ABSTRACT Seismogram shows the graph of seismic activity as a function of time produced by a seismometer. S eismogram recorded all the vibrations caused by the propagation of seismic waves from the epicenter in the earth and other possible sources. (ibration strength depends on the si)e of the energy that is released from the seismic source and the distance of the epicenter to the station recorder. *hese recordings can be used to determine the magnitude of the earth+uake. ach seismogram provide important information about seismic source and the medium which the waves go through. - e can analy)e the structure of the arths interior using the P and S waves, body waves, and wave reflection and transmission information that were recorded in seismogram. *he method used to analy)e the waves is by using a software named Seisgram, and compare the results of seismograms with "effrey diagram!#ullen. Diagram showing #ullen "effrey!phase possibilities that arise at the time and given position. *ravel time diagram is a diagram of the travel time on the earth/s surface. 0rom these observations waves that are downloaded from $R$S we can fill the table "effrey!#ullen and compared with the diagram. $t turns out that there is a difference between the original state and "effrey!#ullen diagram. *his can happen because of the differences in the layer below the earth/s surface &earth heterogeneity'. Keywords : Seismic, seismogram, Jeffrey-Bullen diagram, body waes, wae !"ase, seisgram
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lai$$*a melal#i '#(a .e//(e* B#lle$ *ai"#
%aa
masi$g-masi$g
glom&a$g P 5m 22+;s, PP 5J++me$i",
gelom&a$g *ai"# gelom&a$g P "i&a %aa ++++
PPP 5++++++++me$i", S 5 me$i", a$ "%-"s
a$ S "i&a %aa+++++5"%-"s ,;1 me$i", 'i"a
5+++++ me$i"+
seisg(am
&a!a
.#ga a%a" meli!a" "(ael "ime #$"#'
Moel s"(#'"#( 'e)e%a"a$
gelom&a$g P, S a$ /asa gelom&a$g
'#(a e//(e*-B#lle$ i&#a" e$ga$ as#msi
lai$$*a melal#i '#(a .e//(e* B#lle$ *ai"#
moel &ola &#mi ieal+ Moel "e(se&#"
glom&a$g P 5,2; me$i", PP 5,61
"e$"# sa.a "ia' ses#ai e$ga$ 'o$isi
me$i", PPP 5;,;1 me$i", S 5,0;2
ila*a! "em%a" "e(.ai$*a gem%a a%alagi
me$i", a$ "%-"s 5,0; me$i"+
.i'a %#sa" (#%"#(e gem%a "e(se&#" &e(aa
U$"#' a"a %e("ama *a$g iam&il
%aa
%aa 'o$/ig#(asi "e'"o$i' a$ s"(#'"#(
a(i s"asi#$ TARA, To$ga Isla$ *a$g
i$"e(io( *a$g 'om%le's+ De$ga$ 'a"a lai$
&e(.a(a' 8 20+6C "e(li!a" %aa seisg(am
s"(#'"#(
&a!a masi$g-masi$g gelom&a$g *ai"#
&e(&ea-&ea, e$ga$ emi'ia$ "i$g'a"
gelom&a$g P "i&a %aa 0;! 2m 0s a$ S
'e"eli"ia$ %e$e$"#a$ %a(ame"e( !i%ose$"e(
"i&a %aa 0;! 2m 6s 5"%-"s m 6s, 'i"a
#$"#' gem%a-gem%a lo'al is#a"# ae(a!
.#ga a%a" meli!a" "(ael "ime #$"#'
a%a" i"i$g'a"'a$ .i'a 'i"a a%a" mem&#a"
gelom&a$g P, S a$ /asa gelom&a$g
moel
lai$$*a melal#i '#(a .e//(e* B#lle$ *ai"#
gem%a *a$g le&i! ses#ai e$ga$ ae(a!
glom&a$g P 5,2; me$i", PP 5,; me$i",
"e(se&#"+
PPP 5; me$i", S 5 me$i", a$ "%-"s 5,;
'#(a e//(e*-B#lle$ alam %e$e$"#a$
me$i"+
%a(ame"e( U$"#' a"a %e("ama *a$g iam&il
a(i s"asi#$ GUMO, Ma(ia$a Isla$ *a$g &e(.a(a' 8 20+0C "e(li!a" %aa seisg(am KESIMPULAN
i$"e(io(
s"(#'"#(
&#mi
i"ia%
'e)e%a"a$
"em%a"
gelom&a$g
Ole! 'a(e$a i"# %e$gg#$aa$
!i%ose$"e(
me$im&#l'a$ 'esala!a$
gem%a
a%a"
1+ Gelom&a$g P selal# a"a$g le&i!
+ F(e'#e$si gelom&a$g P le&i! "i$ggi
a!#l# i&a$i$g'a$ gelom&a$g S 2+ Da(i g(a/i' i seisg(am "e(li!a"
i&a$i$g'a$ gelom&a$g S + Te(a%a" %e(&eaa$ a'"# a$"a(a a"a
&a!a$ am%li"#e i gelom&a$g P
seisg(am e$ga$ '#(a e//(e*-B#lle$,
le&i! 'e)il i&a$i$g'a$ gelom&a$g S
se!i$gga alam %(a'"i' %e$gg#$aa$$*a &el#m "e$"# a'#(a"+
P#.i s*#'#( Kami %a$.a"'a$ 'e%aa
A#TAR PUSTAKA
A/$ima(+200+Seismologi.#andung
T#!a$ a$g Ma!a Esa 'a(e$a a"as (a!ma" N*a, Kami a%a" me$*elesai'a$ la%o(a$
1 Penerbit $*#. Pe"#$.#' Pela'sa$aa$ P(a'"i'#m
%(a'"i'#m
Seismologi
Gelom&a$g
Seismi' a$ A$alisis Seismog(am i$i+
Seismologi 201+ Ke$$e", B+L+N+, 51;, Seismi) T(ael"ime Ta&le, Ame(i)a$ Geo%!*si)al
Kami .#ga me$*am%ai'a$ "e(ima'asi! 'e%aa asis"e$ %(a'"i'#m a$ ose$ *ai"# Pa' A/$ima( 'a(e$a a"as &a$"#a$$*a 'ami
U$io+ P#s%i"o, Ke)e%a"a$
Na$a$g
Gelom&a$g
T+,
S"(#'"#(
Gem%a
a$
a%a" me$*elesai'a$ la%o(a$ %(a'"i'#m i$i+
Ko(e'si S"asi#$ Seismologi i I$o$esia "S (ol.2.3o.4,5ktober 2667
K(i"i' a$ sa(a$ 'ami !a(a%'a$ aga( la%o(a$ i$i &isa me$.ai le&i! &ai' lagi+
U7+'+, Te&+ /+.&h
LAMPIRAN I+
Ee$" 18 ?es"e($ 3o$s!# a%a$ a+ Pi)'i$g gelom&a$g P a$ S
&+ Pi)'i$g /asa aal gelom&a$g &e(asa('a$ '#(a e//(e*-B#lle$
II+
Ee$" 28 To$ga Isla$
a+
Pi)'i$g gelom&a$g P a$ S
&+ Pi)'i$g /asa aal gelom&a$g &e(asa('a$ '#(a e//(e*-B#lle$ III+
Ee$" 8 Ne B(i"ai$ (egio$ a+ Pi)'i$g gelom&a$g P a$ S &+ Pi)'i$g /asa aal gelom&a$g &e(asa('a$ '#(a e//(e*-B#lle$
