kelarutan &gejala distribusi

Oern|fmyo yhdqne * yhd~r Lodf y~fr~ sfr df|~r bfdfj sfr dfoe  {f|romnd*{f|romnd yhd~r ln|~{f ohejhdnm~d rn|ynlf| bfdfj yhdqne% [f|romnd*{f|romnd yhd~r bo bfdfj df|~rfe jnenj{fro {hyoyo feg yn`f|~yef bornj{fro yhdqne% [f|romnd yhd~r bf{fr rn|gfer~eg {fbf 3 Gff

Gff

jneggfero

rnj{fr

jhdnm~d

yhdqne

rf|om*jnef|om ferf| jhdnm~d (oern|jhdnm~d/%

rf|om*jnef|om bo bfdfj ohejhdnm~d rnrf{ ln|yfr~%

jhdnm~d (oer|fjhdnm~d/



Gff Ferf| Jhdnm~d bfdfj Df|~rfe

Iherh` Ynefwf

Cneoy omfrfe

Gff rf|om* jnef|om

Mndf|~rfe

I1@1 bfe IId2

Gff Dhebhe

Yhd~r * yhd~r !

Df|~r ynj{~|ef bfdfj ynj~f {n|lfeboegfe

yhdqne  ’ yhdqne : Yhd~r * yhdqne @
Omfrfe `ob|hgne Gff Dhebhe

Yhd~r * yhd~r

Robfm df|~r

5

Yhd~r * yhdqne I<@>H@ bfe @
Omfrfe `ob|hgne

Yhd~r * yhd~r ! yhdqne  ’ yhdqne : Yhd~r * yhdqne

Df|~r ynj{~|ef bfdfj ynj~f {n|lfeboegfe

@~l~egfe Mndf|~rfe •

Mndf|~rfe 3 c~jdf` yhd~r feg bf{fr df|~r bfdfj ync~jdf` yhdqne {fbf y~`~ rn|rner~ yfj{fo jnjlner~m df|~rfe cne~`% Boefrfmfe bfdfj g yhd~r6;; jd frf~ 6;; g yhdqne% mndf|~rfe

C~jdf` sfr feg robfm df|~r bo bfyf| wfbf`

Yfegfr j~bf` df|~r

4 6 lfgofe

J~bf` df|~r

6  ’ 6; lfgofe

Df|~r

6; * 9; lfgofe

M~|feg df|~r

9; *6;; lfgofe

Yfegfr m~|feg df|~r

6;;  ’ 6;%;;; lfgofe

Robfm df|~r

5 6;%;;; lfgofe

Df|~rfe Dnwfr Cne~`

Sfr*sfr Rfm Df|~r •

Y~fr~ sfr boynl~r rfm df|~r comf sfr rn|ynl~r df|~r yfegfr ynbomor  ;$6 g yhd~r bfdfj 6;;; g yhdqne%

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Sfr*sfr {fbfr feg rn|lner~m bnegfe omfrfe m~fr 3 dhgfj* dhgfj$ mfif$ {dfyrom$ yodomfr$ joen|fd  robfm df|~r bfdfj ifo|fe lofyf% Iherh` 3 m|oyrfd O< df|~r ynbomor bfdfj fo|  m~eoeg ihmdfr df|~r m~fr bfdfj IId2  qohdnr bfdfj sfr {fbfr$ ohe*ohejhdnm~d rn|y~y~e bdj {hdf feg yfegfr rn|fr~| bfe gff rf|om*jnef|om jfmyoj~j  gff rf|om yhd~r  ’ yhdqne `f|~y i~m~{ lnyf| ~er~m jnegfrfyo gff rf|om feg jnef`fe {f|romnd sfr {fbfr rnrf{ bo rnj{fr%

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B~f ifo|fe rfm bf{fr df|~r yfr~ yfjf dfoe Iherh` 3 fo| bfe joefm% d



df{oyfe rn|{oyf`

Yhdqfyo •

[neggfl~egfe jhdnm~d yhd~r bfe yhdqne ~er~m jnjlner~m fg|ngfr yn`oeggf jhdnm~d*jhdnm~d yhdqne jnend~l~ego jhdnm~d yhd~r% Comf yhdqneef fo|   @ob|fyo% Iherh` 3 EfId bfdfj fo| 

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^er~m jndf|~rmfe m|oyrfd ohe  jnjl~r~`mfe nen|go moyo  nen|go feg bol~r~`mfe ~er~m jnj~r~ymfe omfrfe ferf|f ohe {hyoroa bfe ohe engfroa% [neg~|fofe m|oyrfd



nebhrn|j

Yhdqfyo  nmyhrn|j  rn|cfbo {njlner~mfe omfrfe ferf|f ohe*ohe feg rn|`ob|fyo bfe jhdnm~d yhdqne jndn{fy nen|go% •

[fbf df|~rfe {fbfr bfdfj ifo|  nen|go moyo 5 nen|go `ob|fyo

M~dor @ob|fyo {fbf Df|~rfe Ohe

MNDF\^RFE SFR 

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Mndf|~rfe gfy bfdfj ifo|fe

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Mndf|~rfe ifo|fe bfdfj ifo|fe

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Mndf|~rfe sfr {fbfr bfdfj ifo|fe

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Boyr|ol~yo sfr rn|df|~r bo ferf|f {ndf|~r*{ndf|~r robfm rn|ifj{~|%

Afmrh|*afmrh| feg ln|{negf|~` rn|`fbf{ mndf|~rfe Y~`~ •

Dn I`frndon| 3 mnefomfe y~`~ jnegfmolfrmfe {n|~lf`fe nebhrn|jom%

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~j~jef mndf|~rfe sfr {fbfr bfdfj ifo|fe ln|rfjlf` bnegfe efomef y~`~%

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Mndf|~rfe gfy bfdfj ifo|fe jne~|~e bnegfe efomef y~`~% Iherh` 3 IH< mn d~f| bf|o joe~jfe ln|mf|lhefr comf y~`~ efom% Lodf fo| bo{fefymfe$ ~bf|f rn|df|~r fmfe mnd~f| ynlfgfo gndnjl~eg*gndnjl~eg%

Nanm Rnj{n|fr~| rn|`fbf{ Mndf|~rfe

Rnmfefe •

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Dn I`frndon| 3 {nefjlf`fe rnmfefe jnenlflmfe mnefomfe mndf|~rfe gfy% Jnj{~efo {negf|~` feg mniod rn|`fbf{ mndf|~rfe sfr ifo|  frf~ sfr {fbfr bfdfj yhdqne% Mndf|~rfe gfy yndfd~ ln|rfjlf` bnegfe ln|rfjlf`ef rnmfefe% Iherh` 3 joe~jfe ln|mf|lhefr bomnjfy bnegfe rnmfefe roeggo (9 * 2 frj/ fgf| IH < feg df|~r bo bfdfjef lnyf|% Ynh|feg {nendfj yffr jnendfj  mndf|~rfe E< bfe H< jneoegmfr fmolfr rnmfefe roeggo% Comf efom mn {n|j~mffe ynif|f rolf*rolf  r`n lneby  frf~ bnmhj{|nyo  @fd oeo rn|cfbo mf|nef gfy*gfy bodn{fymfe bfdfj lner~m gndnjl~eg ~bf|f jndfd~o {njl~d~` bf|f`%

Nanm Rnmfefe rn|`fbf{ Mndf|~rfe

@~m~j @ne| 3 Bff df|~r gfy bfdfj sfr ifo|  ln|lfeboeg d~|~y bnegfe rnmfefe gfy bo frfy sfr ifo| I:m[ •

`fef ln|dfm~ ~er~m mheyner|fyo ! rnmfefe |nebf`%

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ln|dfm~ ~er~m ifj{~|fe gfy$ ~er~m jfyoeg*jfyoeg gfy rnmfefe bofjlod bf|o rnmfefe {f|yofd jfyoeg*jfyoeg gfy

% •

robfm ln|dfm~ ~er~m gfy*gfy feg ln|nfmyo bnegfe {ndf|~ref y{r 3 E@ 9 bfe @Id bfdfj fo| 

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Jnjlfer~ jnjf`fjo mnynrojlfegfe fyfj mf|lhefr bfe ohe lomf|lhefr bfdfj bf|f`% IH< - @
MNDF\^RFE HLFR 3 c~jdf` jd {ndf|~r feg jndf|~rmfe 6 g hlfr% •

Mndf|~rfe hlfr ynlfgofe lnyf| boynlflmfe hdn` {hdf|orfy bf|o {ndf|~r$ yn`oeggf afmrh|*afmrh| feg jnj{negf|~`o mndf|~rfe hlfr fbfdf` 3 6% Jhjne bo{hd% <% Rnrf{fe bondnmr|om~j 9% Omfrfe `ob|hgne

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Jhjne bo{hd 3 yoafr aoyom feg bojodomo hdn` jhdnm~d `nrn|h oero% Comf y~fr~ jhdnm~d jnjodomo omfrfe feg rn|bo|o bf|o frhj* frhj bnegfe ndnmr|hengfroqorfy ln|lnbf  rn|cfbo mnrobfmynrojlfegfe%

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[n|gnyn|fe jne~c~ yfr~ frhj bfdfj h|lorfd jhdnm~d  jnenlflmfe rn|cfboef jhjne bo{hdjhjne bwom~r~l% [njlner~mfe jhjne bo{hd boynlflmfe fbfef ndnmr|he feg robfm yfjf bf|o frhj feg ln|lnbf% @fd oeo jneg`fyodmfe j~frfe {hyoroa {fbf ndnmr|he feg m~|feg ndnmr|hengfroa bfe jneg`fyodmfe j~frfe feg engfroa {fbf frhj feg m~|feg ndnmr|h{hyoroa% Jhjne bo{hd boefrfmfe bfdfj yfr~fe Bnln (B/% 6B : 9$99>16 p 6;*9; Ij (Ih~dhjl jnrn|/%

Jhjne bo{hd jn|~{fmfe ~m~|fe rn|`fbf{ bn|fcfr mn{hdf|fe% Jhjne bo{hd y~fr~ jhdnm~d ln|gfer~eg {fbf lnyf|ef j~frfe c~gf cf|fm {njoyf`fe j~frfe Jhjne bo{hd : j~frfe p cf|fm Bfdfj jnbfe doyr|om$ jhdnm~d {hdf| inebn|~eg ~c~eg {hyoroaef jneg`fbf{ mn dnj{neg engfroa$ ~c~eg engfroa  jneg`fbf{ mn dnj{neg {hyoroa% B~f dnj{neg feg rn|{oyf` fmfe jnj{~efo j~frfe jfmyoj~j comf ferf|f dnj{neg rn|ynl~r qfm~j% Df{oyfe jhdnm~d {ndf|~r feg rn|omfr {fbf {n|j~mffe {f|romnd sfr rn|df|~r jnjlfer~ jnecfgf ohe*ohe frf~ jhdnm~d*jhdnm~d bfdfj df|~rfe rnrf{ rn|{oyf`% [njoyf`fe oeo jneg`fdfego |nm|oyrfdoyfyo yn`oeggf jnjlfer~ {|hyny {ndf|~rfe%

Rnrf{fe bondnmr|om~j Comf b~f ohe bnegfe j~frfe ln|dfwfefe ln|fbf bfdfj y~fr~ qfm~j$ jfmf rn|bf{fr gff rf|om rn|rner~ ferf|f mnb~fef {fbf cf|fm rn|rner~% Rnrf{o comf y~fr~ sfr dfoe$ joyfdef y~fr~ {ndf|~r ln|fbf bfdfj |~feg feg jnjoyf`mfe ohe*ohe rn|ynl~r$ jfmf gff rf|om ohe*ohe rn|ynl~r fmfe ln|m~|feg% [ndf|~r*{ndf|~r ln|lnbf mnjfj{~feef bfdfj jneg~|fego gff rf|om ferf| ohe sfr rn|df|~r {hyoroa  bfe engfroa%

Rf|omfe bfdfj y~fr~ {ndf|~r rn|rner~ fbfdf` 3 Aξ (ξ : rnrf{fe bondnmr|om~j/% Ynif|f ~j~j$ ifo|fe {hdf| jnj{~efo rnrf{fe bondnmr|om~j feg roeggo% [ndf|~r {hdf| jndf|~rmfe sfr rn|df|~r oheom bfe sfr {hdf| dfoe%  Fo| jnj{~efo rnrf{fe bondnmr|om~j roeggo yn`oeggf ohe*ohe feg rn|{oyf` cf~` bfdfj fo|   yfdoeg jnef|om yfr~ yfjf dfoe  yoafr oeo jnjl~fr fo|  jn|~{fmfe {ndf|~r feg lfom ~er~m ynefwf ohe%  Fo| ln|ifj{~| bnegfe fdmh`hd bfdfj yngfdf {n|lfeboegfe bfe jndf|~rmfe g~df c~gf ynefwf {hdo`ob|hmyo feg dfoe%

[hdf|orfy lnln|f{f {ndf|~r Rnrf{fe bondnmr|om {ndf|~r (ξ/ 0;

[ndf|~r

Sfr rn|df|~r

 Fo| 

Gf|fj feh|gfeom Gf|fj h|gfeom

>;

Gdomhd

G~df$ rfeoe

9;

Jnrod fdmh`hd$ fdbn`ob$mnrhe

Joefm cf|fm$ wfmy

<;

 Fdmh`hd roeggo$ nrn|$nyrn| 

Ndnmr|hdor dnjf`$ fdmfdhob$ anehd

Omfrfe @ob|hgne @odbnl|feb  jnjl~mromfe lf`wf {n|rojlfegfe rnerfeg jhjne bo{hd yfcf robfm i~m~{ ~er~m jnecndfymfe mndf|~rfe sfr {hdf| bfdfj fo|   mnjfj{~fe sfr rn|df|~r jnjlner~m omfrfe `ob|hgne c~gf jn|~{fmfe `fd {neroeg% [ndf|~r {hdf| jfj{~ jneyhdqfyo jhdnm~d bfe ohe bnegfe fbfef gff oern|fmyo bo{hd (omfrfe `ob|hgne/% Sfr rn|df|~r `f|~y ln|yoafr {hdf| mf|nef `f|~y ln|yfoeg ~er~m jnebf{frmfe rnj{fr bfdfj yr|~mr~| {ndf|~r%

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Rf|omfe ferf| jhdnm~d feg d~f| lofyf m~fref bf{fr rn|cfbo  comf yfr~ jhdnm~d jnj{~efo ynl~f` frhj `ob|hgne feg rn|omfr {fbf frhj ln|ndnmr|hengfroqorfy lnyf|% Omfrfe `ob|hgne feg m~fr rn|lner~m hdn` jhdnm~d feg jnegfeb~eg E$ H$bfe A%

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Fo| jndf|~rmfe anehd$ fdmh`hd$ fdbn`ob$ mnrhe$ fjoef bfe ynefwf dfoe feg jnegfeb~eg hmyogne bfe eor|hgne  feg bf{fr jnjlner~m omfrfe `ob|hgne bfdfj fo|%

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Jhdnm~d fo| bfdfj ny rn|omfr ln|yfjf bfdfj omfrfe `ob|hgne  jnjlner~m yr|~mr~| rnr|f`nb|fd

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Mnromf ny jneifo|  lnln|f{f omfrfe `ob|hgne {nif` yr|~mr~| feg ynhdf`*hdf` yn{n|ro m|oyrfd oeo {nif`  lodf fo| ln|ifj{~| bnegfe ynrof{ sfr feg bf{fr jnjln|omfe omfrfe `ob|hgne%

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Mndf|~rfe sfr c~gf ln|gfer~eg {fbf gfjlf|fe yr|~mr~| {n|lfeboegfe g~g~y {hdf| bfe ehe {hdf|%

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Comf {fecfeg |ferfo ehe {hdf| bf|o fdmh`hd fdoafrom ln|rfjlf`  mndf|~rfe fdmh`hd bfdfj fo| ln|m~|feg%

Mndf|~rfe Fdmh`hd bfdfj Fo| bfe @nmyfe

Mndf|~rfe Jnrfehd bfdfj Fo|

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\ferfo d~|~y fdmh`hd jheh`ob|hmyo feg jnegfeb~eg 5 2  ’ > frhj I robfm bf{fr jnjfy~mo yr|~mr~| omfrfe `ob|hgne bf|o fo|   df|~r ynbomor

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Comf fbf g~g~y {hdf| rfjlf`fe bfdfj jhdnm~d ({|h{odnef$ gdomhd$ gdoyn|oe$ fyfj rf|r|fr/  mndf|~rfe efom%

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[n|iflfegfe |ferfo  jneg~|fego nanm ehe {hdf|  mndf|~rfe efom%

[ndf|~r Ehe [hdf|  •

Rnrf{fe bondnmr|omef |nebf`%

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Robfm bf{fr jnjlner~m cnjlfrfe `ob|hgne

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Robfm bf{fr jnjnif` omfrfe mhqfdne%

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Bf{fr jndf|~rmfe sfr rn|df|~r ehe {hdf|  jndfd~o oern|fmyo bo{hd oeb~myo% iherh` 3 joefm ! dnjfm lnesnef

df|~r

bfdfj IId2

[ndf|~r ynjo{hdf|  •

Bf{fr ln|roebfm ynlfgfo {ndf|~r {n|ferf|f feg bf{fr jnenlflmfe ln|ifj{~|ef ifo|fe {hdf| bfe ehe {hdf|% iherh` 3 fynrhe jnefommfe mndf|~rfe nrn|  bfdfj fo|%

B~fd [hdf|orfy Yfl~e

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Gfy Hmyogne bom~j{~dmfe bf|o bfdfj fo| {fbf <> ;I bfe rnmfefe rhrfd 71; jj@g fmfe df|~r 9$?9 p 6; *