Kaidah-Kaidah Ilmu Nahwu Edisi 2019

- 0 - Abu Ahmad Al-Maidani _ Al-Mukhtasor _ Qoidah-Qoidah Ilmu Nahwu

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DAFTAR ISI Daftar Isi ....................................................................................................................................

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Kata Pengantar .........................................................................................................................

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Definisi Ilmu Nahwu ................................................ ......................................................... ..........

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Pembahasan Tentang Kata ................................................. ...................................................... ......................................................... ...

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Kalimat dan yang Menyerupai Kalimat ............................. ........................................................ ..........................................................

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....................................................................................................... ............................................... Isim ditinjau dari Jenisnya ........................................................

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Isim Muzakkar ................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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1. Muzakkar Haqiqiy ................................................. ......................................................... ..........

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2. Muzakkar Majaziy ................................................ ......................................................... ..........

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Isim Muannast .................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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1. Muannast Haqiqiy ................................................ ......................................................... ..........

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2. Muannast Majaziy ................................................ ......................................................... ..........

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Isim ditinjau dari Penyusunannya ..........................................................................................

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Isim Jamid ............................................... ........................................................ ...................................................................................... ..............................

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Isim Musytaq........................................... ........................................................ ...................................................................................... ..............................

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1. Isim Fa’il (Subjek) ............................................... ....................................................... ................................................................... ............

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2. Sighoh Mubalaghoh ....................................................... ............................................................................................................. ......................................................... ...

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3. Isim Maf’ul (Objek) ....................................................... ............................................................................................................. ......................................................... ...

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4. Sifat Yang Mirip Dengan Isim Fa’il ................................................ .......................................

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5. Isim Tafdhil ................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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6. Isim Zaman Dan Isim Makan ............................................................ ......................................

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7. Isim Alat ...................................................... .............................................................................................................. ............................................................................ ....................

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Isim ditinjau dari Jumlahnya ..................................................................................................

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Isim Mufrod (Tunggal) ...................................................... ............................................................................................................ ......................................................... ...

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Isim Mutsanna (Dual) ........................................................ .............................................................................................................. ......................................................... ...

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Isim Jamak (Plural) .................................................. ......................................................... ..........

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1. Jamak Muzakkar Salim .................................................. ...................................................... ......................................................... ...

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2. Jamak Muannast Salim ................................ ....................................................... ........................................................................... ....................

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Isim Ma’rifah (Tertentu) .................................................... .......................................................................................................... ......................................................... ...

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1. Isim Dhomir ................................................ ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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2. Isim ‘Alam .................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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3. Isim Isyaroh ................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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4. Isim Maushul ........................................................ ................................................................................................................. ......................................................... ..........

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5. Isim yang d i Ma’rifahkan Ma’rifahkan dengan Alif lam ............................................... ..............................

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6. Isim Yang disandarkan Kepada isim Ma’rifah ................................................... ....................

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7. Isim Nakiroh Yang dimaksud dengan Panggilan ................................................ ....................

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...................................................................................... .............................. Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Waktu Terjadinya ........................................................

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1. Fi’ Fi’il Madhi (Kata Kerja Waktu Lampau) ................................................. ..............................

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2. Fi’il Fi’il Mudhori’(Kata Kerja Waktu Sedang Terjadi) ...................................................... ................................................................ ..........

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3. Fi’ Fi’il Amar (Kata Kerja Perintah) ..................................................... ............................................................................................ .......................................

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Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Pelakunya (Subjeknya) ................................................ ..............................

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Fi’ Fi’il Mabni Lil Ma’lum (Kata Kerja Kalimat Aktif) ........................................................ .................................................................. ..........

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Fi’ Fi’il Mabni Lil Majhul (Kata Kerja Kalimat Fasif) ................................................ ....................

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........................................................................... .................... Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Penderitanya(Objeknya) .......................................................

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Fi’ Fi’il Lazim (Kata Kerja Intransitif/Tidak Membutuhkan Objek) ...............................................

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Fi’ Fi’il Muta’ Muta’addi (Kata Kerja Transitif/ Membutuhkan Butuh Objek) .........................................

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Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Bentuk Hurufnya .......................................................................................

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- Fi’ Fi’il Shohih ................................................... ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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- Fi’il Fi’il Mu’tal .................................................... ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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............................................................................................. ....................................... Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Perubahannya ......................................................

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- Fi’ Fi’il Jamid (Kata Kerja yang Tidak Bisa Berubah) ...................................................................

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- Fi’ Fi’il Muttashorif (Kata Kerja yang Bisa Berubah) ......................................................... ..........

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Fi’ Fi’il ditinjau dari Susunannya .................................................. ...............................................

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Fi’ Fi’il Mujarrod (Kata Kerja Yang Terbebas dari Huruf Tambahan) ............................................

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- Fi’ Fi’il Mujarrod Yang Asalnya 3 Huruf Asli ................................................ ..............................

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- Fi’ Fi’il Mujarrod Yang Asalnya 4 Huruf Asli ................................................ ..............................

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Fi’ Fi’il Mazied (Kata Kerja Dengan Huruf Tambahan) ........................................................ .................................................................. ..........

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- Fi’ Fi’il Tsulatsiy Mazied ....................................................... ............................................................................................................. ......................................................... ...

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Fi’ Fi’il Mudhori’ Mudhori’ yang Di Rofa’kan .......................................................... ......................................

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Fi’ Fi’il Mudhori’ Mudhori’ yang Di Nashobkan ...................................................... ............................................................................................. .......................................

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Fi’ Fi’il Mudhori’ Mudhori’ yang Di Jazmkan .................................................. ...............................................

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Alat-Alat Yang Menjazmkan Dua Fi’ Fi’il Mudhori’ Mudhori’ .................................................. ....................

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Macam-Macam Isim dan Tanda-Tanda Tanda-Tanda I’irobnya .................................................. ....................

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Isim yang Marfu’ ...................................................... .................................................................................... .............................. Pembahasan Isim – Isim – Isim

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1. Fa’ Fa’il (Pelaku) ........................................................ ................................................................................................................. ......................................................... ..........

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2 dan 3. Mubtada dan Khobar ...................................................... ..................................................................................................... ...............................................

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4. Naibul Fa’ Fa’il (Pengganti Fa’ Fa’il) .................................................. ...............................................

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5. Fi’ Fi’il Kaana dan Saudari-saudarinya ....................................................................................... .

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6. Inna dan Saudari-saudarinya ......................................................................................... ..........

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Pembahasan Isim – Isim – Isim Isim yang Manshub .................................................. ..............................

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1. Maf’ul Bih(Objek) ............................................... ....................................................... ................................................................... ............

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2. Maf’ul Mutlaq ...................................................... ............................................................................................................... ......................................................... ..........

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3. Maf’ul Fiih (Zhorof) ...................................................... ............................................................................................................ ......................................................... ...

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4. Hal ....................................................... ............................................................................................................. .................................................................................... ..............................

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5.Tamyiz ............................................... ........................................................ ...................................................................................... ..............................

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6. Mustasna ..................................................... ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................ ....................

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7. Isim Laa An-Nafiah Liljinsi ...................................................... ..................................................................................................... ...............................................

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8. Munadaa’ Munadaa’(Yang Dipanggil) ..................................................... .................................................................................................... ...............................................

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9. Maf’ul Liajlih (Maf’ul Min Ajlih) ..........................................................................................

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10. Maf’ul Maf’ul Ma’ah .........................................................................................................................

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11. Khobar Kaana ......................................................................................... ..............................

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12. Isim Inna ................................................... ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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.................................................................................... .............................. Pembahasan Isim – Isim – Isim Isim yang Majrur ......................................................

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1. Di Majrurkan dengan huruf Jar ................................................................. ......... ...................................................................................... ..............................

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2. Di Majrurkan dengan Idhofah ........................................................... ......................................

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.................................................................................................... ............................................... Tawabi’(Pengikut-Pengikut) Tawabi’(Pengikut -Pengikut) .....................................................

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1. Na’ Na’at (Sifat) ................................................. ........................................................ ............................................................................ ....................

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2. Athof ................................................. ........................................................ ...................................................................................... ..............................

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KATA PENGANTAR

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Alhamdulillah tak henti-hentinya saya panjatkan puji dan syukur ke hadirat Alloh Subhaanahu

wa Ta’aala karena berkat rahmat dan hidayah-Nya kami memperoleh, kesempatan dan kesanggupan untuk menyusun Kitab Mukhtashor yaitu kitab yang berisi “Qoidah - Qoidah Ilmu Nahwu Untuk Pemula”. Sholawat beriring salam semoga senantiasa dilimpahkan kepada junjungan kita Rasululloh

Muhammad Shollallohu ‘Alaihi Wasallam, Wasallam, keluarganya sahabatnya dan orang-orang yang mengikuti mereka dengan baik sampai hari kiamat kelak. Kitab Mukhtashor ini merupakan ringkasan dari Kitab Al-Ahsan yang sudah disusun

sebelumnya. Kitab Mukhtashor ini disusun ulang dengan mengambil qoidah-qoidah yang berkaitan dengan ilmu nahwu dengan beberapa penyesuaian materi untuk memudahkan para penuntut ilmu pemula yang memulai mempelajari qoidah- qoidah bahasa Arab. Kitab ini disusun sedemikian rupa beserta contoh-contoh yang diambil dari Al-Quran dan Al-Hadist agar para penuntut ilmu bisa diarahkan untuk berusaha mempelajari dan menghayati Al-Quran dan Al-Hadist. Karena jika seseorang belajar bahasa Arab tetapi tidak punya niat untuk mempelajari Al-Quran dan Al-Hadist serta mencari keridhoan Alloh Subhaanahu wa Ta’ala Ta’ala hal tersebut adalah sangat merugikan sekali, Sebagaimana Rasululloh Shollallohu ‘Alaihi Wasallam bersabda: Wasallam bersabda:

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Artinya : “Barang siapa mempelajari ilmu yang seharusnya dilakukan untuk mencari wajah Allah, namun dia mempelajarinya untuk mencari dunia, maka dia tidak akan mendapatkan harumnya surga pada hari kiamat kelak.” ( HR. Ahmad, Abu Dawud, dan Ibnu Majah)

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Artinya : “ Barang siapa mencari ilmu untuk menyaingi ulama, menyombongkan diri di hadapan orangorang bodoh, atau atau agar menarik menarik perhatian manusia, niscaya Alloh akan memasukkannya ke dalam neraka.” ( HR. At-Tirmidzi At-Tirmidzi ). Dalam penyusunan kitab ini sudah diupayakan agar kitab ini lebih mudah dipahami untuk pemula yang baru belajar bahasa Arab. Saya memberikan izin bagi siapa saja yang ingin mengcopy ataupun memperbanyak isi dari buku ini untuk tujuan pendidikan dan dakwah dengan tetap mencantumkan sumbernya. Hanya kepada Alloh Subhaanahu wa Ta’ala sajalah saya berharap pahala atas penyusunan buku ini, dan semoga Alloh Subhaanahu wa Ta’ala menjadikan Ta’ala menjadikan kita tetap istiqomah untuk memperdalam dan menyebarkan ilmu agama. Amiin Amiin ya Robbal ‘Alamin. Wabillahi Taufiq wal Hidayah

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Kaidah-Kaidah Ilmu Nahwu Edisi 2019

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