Jwbn Studi Kasus Morrissey Forgings Inc

EXHIBIT 1 Results of Operation - 1985 Ovens Sales COGS (exhibit 2) Gross Margin Selling Cost Shiing Cost Sales Co!!issions (5") General #xenses ro%t &e'ore axes

Stoves

$7,000,000 $3,600,000 $3,400,000 $1,500,000 $1,200,000 $ 3 5 0 ,0 0 0 $ 2 4 5 ,0 0 0 $ 1 0 5 ,0 0 0

$7,500,000 $4,250,000 $3,250,000 $1,625,000 $1,300,000 $375,000 $245,000 ($25,000)

*ote *ote++ COGS COGS e-a e-all ManMan-'a 'a.t .t-r -rin ing g Cos Costt s sin in.e .e ther there e /as /as n no o .ha .hang nge e in ine ine or the 5" sales Co!!issions  2" to a C-sto!er llo/an.es -n  3" to #!loees (2" to sales e, 12 " to the Sales Manager, 12"

EXHIBIT 2 Manufacturin !osts - 1985 Ovens "er unit Material 9abor an &ene%ts ($10hr) 8ariabel Oerhea ixe Oerhea  otal  otal  otal  otal ;nit ro-.tion ro-.tion
$4 5 $ 55 $2 4 $ 56 $1:0 20,000 3 50 $1:0

# $00,000 $1,100,000 $4:0,000 $1,120,000 $3,600,000 ;nit

ixe Oerhea  >ere.iation ( 15 ear lies)  ent (110,000 s-are 'eet)  a.tor S-ort? ixe Oerhea er ;nit

$ : 0 0 ,0 0 0 $ 5 5 0 ,0 0 0 $1,170,000 $2,520,000 56

? he he a. a.to tor r !ana !anage gerr esti esti!a !ate te  ttha hatt 6 60" 0" o' o' 'a.t 'a.trro ss- or ortt is is -e -e to to o roble!s roble!s relate relate to the large large n-!ber n-!ber o' s!all s!all bat.h bat.h 'a.tor 'a.tor orers@ orers@ Oe

s. e - e@ e -, re/or , an  >ere.iation ( 15 ear lies)  ent (110,000 s-are 'eet)  a.tor S-ort?

ea ga ga-ge .a

ra on@

$ 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 $ 2 7 5 ,0 0 0 $ 7 0 2 ,0 0 0 $1,377,000

Total $14,500,000 $7,:50,000 $6,650,000 $3,125,000 $2,500,000 $725,000 $40,000 ($10,000)

4 :"

ntor leels 'or the ear

to sales 8)

Stoves "er unit $ 40 $ 50 $ 24 $ 56 $ 17 0 25,000 300 $170

# $1,000,000 $1,250,000 $600,000 $1,400,000 $4,250,000

TOT$% $1,00,000 $2,350,000 $1,0:0,000 $2,520,000 $7,:50,000

;nit

54"

ens, be.a-se o' the se.ial s .a-se se.ial roble! in

1.

A. B.

What is your estimate of the 1983 income statement and balance sheet? What is your estimate of Return on Assets in 1983 assume a !"# ta$ rat (rice and cost com(onents ha,e not chan)ed bet'een 1983 and 198. Assumsi data-data untuk tahun 1983: - Penjualan Stove sales pada tahun 1983 $ 9 juta untuk 30.000 unit Sales 9,000,000 Unit 30,000 Harga per unit 300

- ari total penjualan diasu!sikan penjualan se"esar 100# dala! "entuk se"es - arna diassu!sikan penjualan dala! "entuk %ash !aka Piutang usaha & 0 - 'u!lah $1,(00,000. "ahan dapat dianggap se"agai "agian dari persediaan !e - Peralatan Properti se"esar $ 1(.000.000 ang ditentukan oleh !ultiplaing de ar!ada4>ied sset $(,000,000. - arna perusahaan didirikan pada tahun era 19*0 an diasu!sikan "erdiri pada PP+  ilai "uku a)al Penusutan per tahun  ilai "uku a)al tahun 1983 ku!ulasi Penusutan tahun 1983  ilai "uku per tahun 1983

1(,000,000 800,000 10,000,000 9,333,333 ///,//*

- Sejak penjualan dan "iaa pengiri!an sekitar dua setengah kali dari apa ang !aka perhitungana $ 1./(.000 2 $ 1.300.000 4 (, & $ 1.1*0.000. 5ahun 198 5ahun 1983 Selling 6ost tahun 198 1,/(,000 /0,000 Shipping 6ost tahun 198/ 1,300,000 (0,000 - Selain "iaa penjualan dan pengiri!an, "iaa "erikut diasu!sikan akan terjad eneral +penses 1,00,000 :uruh7 $ 1.00.000. 1,00,000 Se)a7 $ 0.000. 0,000 Penjualan ko!isi7 $ ;0.000. ;3,000 --< $*(,000 - (# 

Sto "er unit Material 9abor an &ene%ts ($10hr) 8ariabel Oerhea ixe Oerhea  otal

$40 $50 $24 $56 $170

?aterial @a"or and :eneAits $104hr Baria"el Cverhead >ied Cverhead 5otal

%. &o' is the com(any doin) in 1983? *or sim(licity+ you may assume that indi,idual

ar $9,000.000 gingat "ah)a tidak ada tingkat a)al persediaan. resiasi tahunan $ 800.000. engan )aktu diperkirakan 1 tahun, ta!"ahan =nvestasi di ahun 19*1. "erikut adalah perhituanga Peralatan Properti

  9,/00,000

9,333,333

sela!a 1( tahun dari 19*1 sa!pai dengan 1983

9,310,000 19*1 1983 1(

!ereka "erada di tahun 1983,

dala! !e!produksi 30.000 unit ko!por7

5otal Sales

;3,000

es # $1,200,000 $1,500,000 $720,000 $1,6:0,000 $5,100,000

ncome /tatement /to,es Sales 6CS ross ?argin Selling 6ost Shipping 6ost Sales 6o!!issions eneral +penses ProAit :eAore 5aes

$,000,000 $5,673,333 $3,326,667 $650,000 $520,000 $435,000 $245,000 $1,476,667

$ $ $ $ $

1,(00,000 1,00,000 *(0,000 (,(3,333 ,/*3,333

5aes ;0# ProAit Ater 5aes Balance /heet 6ash PP+ 5otal set 0rofitability ratios : Deturn on ssets DC

$90,//* $88/,000

$ $ $

9,000,000 666,667 9,///,//*

9#

 

(,000,000 133,333 (//,//* --< Pena!a"ahan 198; 198 jadi ( tahun penusutan.

. 2akin) a closer look at cost allocation for manufacturin)+ sellin) a o,ens (rofit and sto,es (rofit for 198? Ovens "er unit Material 9abor an &ene%ts ($10hr) 8ariabel Oerhea ixe Oerhea  otal  otal ;nit ro-.tion
Over&ea' costs 8ariabel Oerhea  Orer Getting  Sales Co!!issions (3")  Shiing Cost

#

$45 $55 $24 $56 $1:0

$00,000 $1,100,000 $4:0,000 $1,120,000 $3,600,000

20,000 350

;nit

TOT$% Before 1,0:0,000

$

$

ixe Oerhea  >ere.iation ( 15 ear lies)  ent (110,000 s-are 'eet)  a.tor S-ort

$ $ $

:00,000 550,000 1,170,000

Selling Cost Shiing Cost Sales Co!!issions (5")

$ $ $

3,125,000 2,500,000 725,000

General #xenses

$

40,000

Control

"er&itunan( ertising an ro!otion oen (6" x otal Sales) Orer Getting Shiing Cost (17" x otal Sales) Sales Co!!issions (3")

$

:70,000

$

2,255,000

$

2,465,000

(0,5" x otal Sales !anager) (2" x otal Sales) General #xenses (2" C-sto!er llo/an.e B 0,5" Co!ision S8) (Co!!on .arriers an .ontra.t ha-lers)

$72,500 $20,000

nd shi((in) e$(enses+ 'hat is your estimate of

1) I'entif* c  ra.e .ost o

Stoves "er unit

#

$40 $50 $24 $56 $170 25,000 300

TOT

%$$1,000,000 $1,250,000 $600,000 $1,400,000 $4,250,000

$1,00,000 $2,350,000 $1,0:0,000 $2,520,000 $7,:50,000

;nit

$ $ $ $

TOT$% $fter 1,0:0,000   2,465,000

$ $ $

:00,000 550,000 1,170,000

Re,lasication !ost S&eet

2,465,000

$

$ 2,500,000 $ $

3,125,000  725,000

$

5,572,500

5,0:2,500 7,547,500

2,500,000

 ra.e .ost o !ost Ite+s Sales an ro a/ !aterial >ire.t !ateri >ire.t labo-r >ire.t labo-r 8ariabel Oer  Orer Getti  Sales Co!  Shiing Co ixe Oerhe  >ere.iatio  ent (110,0  a.tor S-

Over&ea' c 8ariabel Oer  Orer Getti  Sales Co!  Shiing Co ixe Oerhe  >ere.iatio  ent (110,0  a.tor S- Total overhea

2) !alculate !ost >ire.t !ateri >ire.t labor Oerhea !O.S

5,047,500

/)"er0an'in

Sales COGS Gross Margin Selling Cost Shiing Cos Sales Co!!i General #xe

"rot Befor

$ $

362,500 35,000

(D $20@000 B $72@500)

enelasan+ Eerlihat bah laba ang ta

Ehal ini tiaA e!isahan bi

ost $ctivitis in-ts into .ost .tiitas ools into ro-.t .tiitas

Ovens 20,000

-.tion (-nits) -sage (-nits) ls .ost ($-nit) ho-rs (ho-r-nit) .ost ($-nit) hea g issions (3") t   ( 15 ear lies) 0 s-are 'eet) ort?

 

 

 

$ $

45@00 $ 6 55 $ $24 44" 50" 50"

Stoves Total 25,000 45,000 40@00 $ 1,00,000 5 235,000 50 $ 2,350,000 $24 1,0:0,000 56" 100" 50" 100" 50" 100"

44" 44" 60"

st hea g issions (3") t  ( 15 ear lies) 0 s-are 'eet) ort

$

56" 56" 40"

100" 100" 100"

Ovens Stoves 4:0,000 600,000     1,232,500 $ 1,232,500 355,556 244,444 702,000 3,014,500

444,444 305,556 46:,000 3,050,500

Ovens 00,000 1,100,000 3,014,500 5314533

Stoves 1,000,000 1,250,000 3,050,500 5/33533

cost per %ini "ro'u,  ls

an cost per %ini "ro'u, setela& +enuna,an siste+ $B! Ovens

Stoves

irect !ostin $B! Siste+ irect !ostin $B! Siste+

sions (5") nses

$7,000,000 $7,000,000 $3,600,000 5,014,500 $3,400,000 $1,:5,500 $1,500,000 0 $1,200,000 0 $350,000 0 $245,000 $ 3,343,500

$7,500,000 $4,250,000 $3,250,000 $1,625,000 $1,300,000 $375,000 $245,000 $

$7,500,000 5,300,500 $2,1,500 0 0 0 2,22,000

Taes

#135333 6#1/583337

6#2953337

6#295337

a iAa se!-a biaa ialoAasiAan berarAan aAtitasna teraa ro-A ang taina  ina ro-A oen i anang sebagai ro-A ang !eng-nt-ngAan -str- !alah !er-

ealan engan aa ang isa!aiAan .ooer sebagai hea a..o-ting ang !engata aa berasrAan aAtiitas hal terseb-t tiaA se.ara singni'Aan er l ini ro-AE

$

1,26,000

Total irect !ostin $14,500,000 $7,:50,000 $6,650,000 $3,125,000 $2,500,000 $725,000 $40,000

$B! Siste+ $14,500,000 $10,315,000 $4,1:5,000 $0 $0 $0 $5,572,500

6#1933337 6#1/85337

ro-A Stoe r-gi -str- !enai giE

an bah/a iAa ilaA-Aan

3@

 Fhat is o-r esti!ate o' the in.o!e state!ent 'or 1:6 i' onl oens /ere

Ovens Sales COGS Gross Margin Selling Cost Shiing Cost Sales Co!!issions (5") General #xenses "rot Before Taes

eteranan  otal Sales ala! ;nit sales

$10,500,000 $7,521,750 $2,7:,250 $0 $0 $0 $5,572,500 6#25942537

250@725

30,000

"en:elasan(  erlihat bah/a iAa bahAan Morrisse !engha-s ro-A lini sloe ari  terbebani isat- ro-A ang aAan !enebaAan er-sahaan !er-gi@ =el aAan -str- !e!ba/a er-sahaan aa AebangAr-tan

ol 30,000 -nits

saran -str- se!-a ixe Cost general exense aAan s s-ah bah/a !engah-s ro-A sloe ari asaran

4@ &eraa biaa, ratarata, -nt-A engiri!an stoe i ala! Aa/asan inti &era SeaA nggaran en-alan an engiri!an !asing!asing seAitar -a sente 25@000 aa area inti@ Oleh Aarena it-, ierAiraAan biaa engiri!an Stoe  otal &iaa engiri!an x 2,5 &iaa engiri!an Stoes i area inti D  otal Stoes   1,000,000 D 25,000 D 40 (&iaa engiri erhit-ngan+  otal &iaa engiri!an 2,500,000  otal ;nit Stoe 25,000

#sti!asi biaa engiri!an stoe aa area inti+ #sti!asi biaa engiri!an stoe aa area l-ar inti+

100,000 00,000 1,000,000

a biaa, ratarata, -nt-A engri!an Stoe i l-ar /ilaah inti gah Aali (2,5) ari tah-n 1:3, ai -!lah stoe ang i-al ierAiraAan i /ilaah inti aat itent-Aan sebagai beriA-t+

an ratarata er -nit i aerah inti)

(2@500 -nit x 40) (23@500 -nit x 40)

5@ &eraa biaa, ratarata, -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan -nt-A Sto biaa, ratarata, -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan -nt-A oen i l-ar

&eraa biaa, ratarata, -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan -nt-A Sto  otal orer Getting Cost  otal Stoes orer   451,000 D 2,500 D $ 1:0 (&iaa e

&iaa -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan D

erhit-ngan+  otal orer Getting Cost  otal Stoes orer

2,255,000 2,500

&eraa biaa, ratarata, -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan -nt-A oen  otal orer Getting Cost  otal Oen orer   1,353,000 D 3,750 D 361 (&iaa e

&iaa -nt-A !enghasilAan orer en-alan D

erhit-ngan+  otal orer Getting Cost 2,255,000  otal Oen orer il-ar /ilaah inti 500 ($2@500  ( (>iseb-tAan bah/a 5000 i aerah inti an 2500 il-ar aerah inti an   =ai aa rtina bisa ilihat bah/a engan !ini!na orer il-ar aerah inti !e Aarna angsa asar i arah inti i bang-n oleh angsa asar arri sto

i aerah inti (orer getting .osts) &eraa /ilaah inti =ai aa

i aerah inti (orer getting .osts)+

giri!an ratarata er -nit i aerah inti)

i l-ar /ilaah inti 60" 7,500 3,750 1,353,000 giri!an ratarata er -nit i aerah inti)

:0"?$2@500) iseb-tAan -ga :0" oleh Stoe)

-n-AAan eran ari stoes i aerah inti b-Aan oen@

2,255,000 40" 5000 12,500 02,000 451,000

6@ ala! !elaA-Aan eren.anaan e!biaaan er-sahaan, Aita har-s !eng-as 8ol-!e ro%t@ >ilihat ari 'rasena Aita aat !e!aha!i bah/a engan aan ol-!e, Ae!-ian aAan !e!erAiraAan ro%t@

!ost-;olu+e-"rot 6!;"7 $nal*sis eteranan ;nits sol Sales Cost o' goos sol Gross Margin Selling .ost Shiing .ost Sales .o!!ission General exenses ro%t &e'ore taxes ()

$B! SISTEM Ovens Stoves 20,000

25,000

7,000,000 5,014,500 1,:5,500    3,343,500 (1,35:,000)  

7,500,000 5,300,500 2,1,500    2,22,000 (2,500)

   3,343,500 3,343,500

   2,22,000 2,22,000

1,:5,500

2,1,500



::

&# ala! ;nit

33,67

25,335

;nit i ro-Asi

20,000

25,000

Selisih

13,67

335

ixe Cost >ere.iation ent a.tor s-ort General exenses  otal ixe .osts (&) Contrib-tion+ ro%t B otal ixe Cost (B&) Contrib-tion er -nit

Eari analisis i atas aat ilihat bah/a -nt-A !e!en-hi &# tingAat en-al tingAatAan !enai 6@347, an -nt-A ansa asar sloes s-ah !ele/ati tingA !en-n-AAan bah/a sloes !e!iliAi ro%tabilitas ang tinggi@E

 

45,000

to be ro%table or Stoesso /hat si C8@ C8 !er-aAan AeeneAan ari Cost a in'or!asi biaa, Aita aAan !e!erAiraAan s-at-

IRE!T SISTEM Ovens Stoves 20,000

25,000

7,000,000 3,600,000 3,400,000 1,500,000 1,200,000 350,000 245,000 105,000

7,500,000 4,250,000 3,250,000 1,625,000 1,300,000 375,000 245,000 (25,000)

355,556 244,444 702,000 245,000 1,547,000

444,444 305,556 46:,000 245,000 1,463,000

1,652,000

1,16:,000

:3

47

1:,72

31,314

20,000

25,000

(1,271) n ari oens har-s i at batas &# an

6,314

7@ Fhat is o-r ai.e to i! Morrisse &e se.i%. an sho/ o-r s 1@ Ie-t-san Morrisse -nt-A !en-t- lini bisnis Stoes b-Aan ! analisis ab. =-str-A ro-A Sloes b-Aan enebab -ta!a ari 2@ >engan nlisis &iaa &C Morrisse aAan lebih !-ah !elaA-A  a-h Cost liershe -nt-A ro-A Sloes an Oens sebagai a Morrisse lebih !eala! !engeal-asi aAtiitasaAtiitas ang !e!-nai nilai ta!bah@ 3@ &erasarAan ari analsis bah/a Aeberhasilan en-lan Oens  brane sloes !en-nang en-alan terseb-t an -str- AetiAa !e!erl-as aerah seniri il-ar aerah inti !ena!bah !asal