Joseph Davidovits_ Geopolymers

Joseph Davidovits: Geopolymers --Biography, 3 patents, &c

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Geopolymers

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Wikipedia: Joseph Davidovits/Geopolymers Biography www.geopolymer.org: Introduction www.geopolymer.org: Formula Charles Bremner/The Times Online (December 01, 2006): Pyramids were built with concrete rather than rocks, scientists claim Davidovits' US Patents --- List J. Davidovits: US Patent # 4,349,386 -- Mineral polymers and methods of making them J. Davidovits: Davidovits: US Patent # 4,472,199 --- Synthetic mineral polymer compound compound of the silicoaluminates silic oaluminates family family and preparation process J. Davidovits: US Patent # 4,509,985 --- Early high-strength mineral polymer Google Search Results www.wikipedia.org

Joseph Davidovits



scientist who has posited that Joseph Davidovits (born 1935) is a French materials scientist

the blocks of the Great Pyramid are not carved stone, but mostly a form of limestone limestone concrete. concret e. He holds the Ordre National Nat ional du Mérite, is the author and co-author c o-author of more than tha n 130 scientifical papers and conferences reports, and holds more than fifty patents.

Theory

Davidovits was not convinced that the ancient Egyptians possessed the tools or technology to carve and haul the huge (2.5 to 15 ton) limestone limestone blocks that made up the t he Great Pyarmid. Davidovits sugg suggested ested that t hat the th e blocks were mol molded ded in place by using a form of limestone limestone concrete. concre te. According Acco rding to his theory, a soft limestone with a high high kaolinite kaolinite content cont ent was quarried in the wadi on the south of the Giza Giza plateau. platea u. It was then dissolved in large, large, Nile-fed pools until itit became bec ame a watery slurry. Lime (found in the ash a sh of ancient anc ient cooking fires) and natron (also used by the Egyptians in in mummification) mummification) was mixed in. The pools were then left to evaporate, eva porate, leaving behind a moist, moist, clay-like mixture. mixture. This wet "concrete" "concre te" would be carried c arried to the construction site where it would be packed packe d into reusable wooden molds. molds. In the next few days da ys the mixture would undergo a chemical hydration reaction simil similar ar to the setting of cement. Using Using Davidovits Davidovits theory, no large gangs would would be needed neede d to haul ha ul blocks and no huge and unwieldy ramps would be needed neede d to transport the blocks up the side of the pyramid. No chiseling or carving with with soft bronze tools would be required to dress their surfaces and new blocks could cou ld be cast in place, on top of and pressed against the old blocks. This This would account for the unerring precision precision of the joints of the casing ca sing stones (the blocks of the core show tools marks and were cut with much lower lower tolerances). tolerance s). Proof-of-concept experiments using sim simil ilar ar compounds were carried out at Davidovit's geopolymer geopolymer institute in northern France. France . It was found that a crew of ten, working with with simple simple hand tools, could build build a structure of fourteen, 1.3 to 4.5 ton t on blocks in a couple of days. According Acco rding to Davidovits the architects possessed at least two concrete c oncrete formulas: formulas: one for the large structural blocks and another a nother for the white casing stones. He argues earlier pyramids, brick brick structures, struc tures, and stone vases va ses were built using simi similar lar techniques. techn iques.



scientist who has posited that Joseph Davidovits (born 1935) is a French materials scientist

the blocks of the Great Pyramid are not carved stone, but mostly a form of limestone limestone concrete. concret e. He holds the Ordre National Nat ional du Mérite, is the author and co-author c o-author of more than tha n 130 scientifical papers and conferences reports, and holds more than fifty patents.

Theory

Davidovits was not convinced that the ancient Egyptians possessed the tools or technology to carve and haul the huge (2.5 to 15 ton) limestone limestone blocks that made up the t he Great Pyarmid. Davidovits sugg suggested ested that t hat the th e blocks were mol molded ded in place by using a form of limestone limestone concrete. concre te. According Acco rding to his theory, a soft limestone with a high high kaolinite kaolinite content cont ent was quarried in the wadi on the south of the Giza Giza plateau. platea u. It was then dissolved in large, large, Nile-fed pools until itit became bec ame a watery slurry. Lime (found in the ash a sh of ancient anc ient cooking fires) and natron (also used by the Egyptians in in mummification) mummification) was mixed in. The pools were then left to evaporate, eva porate, leaving behind a moist, moist, clay-like mixture. mixture. This wet "concrete" "concre te" would be carried c arried to the construction site where it would be packed packe d into reusable wooden molds. molds. In the next few days da ys the mixture would undergo a chemical hydration reaction simil similar ar to the setting of cement. Using Using Davidovits Davidovits theory, no large gangs would would be needed neede d to haul ha ul blocks and no huge and unwieldy ramps would be needed neede d to transport the blocks up the side of the pyramid. No chiseling or carving with with soft bronze tools would be required to dress their surfaces and new blocks could cou ld be cast in place, on top of and pressed against the old blocks. This This would account for the unerring precision precision of the joints of the casing ca sing stones (the blocks of the core show tools marks and were cut with much lower lower tolerances). tolerance s). Proof-of-concept experiments using sim simil ilar ar compounds were carried out at Davidovit's geopolymer geopolymer institute in northern France. France . It was found that a crew of ten, working with with simple simple hand tools, could build build a structure of fourteen, 1.3 to 4.5 ton t on blocks in a couple of days. According Acco rding to Davidovits the architects possessed at least two concrete c oncrete formulas: formulas: one for the large structural blocks and another a nother for the white casing stones. He argues earlier pyramids, brick brick structures, struc tures, and stone vases va ses were built using simi similar lar techniques. techn iques.



Summary Summary of evidence

Davidovits cites primarily primarily evidence related to his profession as a materials scientist, re-interpreting the observations of conventional conven tional Egyptology within this light. Briefly, his points include: The thin layer of 'mortar' found at the top of casing ca sing blocks is actually the the result of settling and water percolating to the top t op of the block while while drying; the layer found would be too weak wea k to bind the massive massive blocks together The humidity humidity inside the pyramids is much much higher than would be expected expec ted in a desert environment; this t his is is caused by the moisture moisture released into the halls and galleries galleries while while the blocks cure The arrangement of fossi fo ssils ls within within the blocks is jumbled, jumbled, rather rat her than stratified, stratified, pointing to the blocks being crushed, then poured pou red while casting rather deposited in layers as would conventional sedimentary rock Certain blocks have elong e longated ated air pockets, caused ca used by the cement hardening harde ning while while air bubbles bubbles were in the process p rocess of rising rising to the top to p Ancient descriptions of the pyramids being built featured the use of short blocks of wood, conventionall convent ionallyy seen as levers or cranes; cran es; Davidovits suggests suggests their use as frames fra mes to mold the blocks Books

Davidovits, Joseph, Margie Morris (1988). The Pyramids: An Enigma Solved. New York: Dorset Press. Davidovits, Davidovits, Joseph (1983). Alchemy and the Pyramids. Saint Saint Quentin, France: France : Geopolymer Institute. Institute. Davidovits, Davidovits, Joseph (2002). Ils ont Bâti les Pyramides: P yramides: Les Prouesses Technologiques Technologiques des Anciens Egyptiens. Paris: J.-C. J.-C. Godefroy. Davidovits, Davidovits, Joseph (2005). La L a Bible avait raison, ra ison, Tome Tome 1: L’archéologi L’a rchéologiee révèle révè le l’existence l’existence des Hébreux en Égypte. Paris: J.-C. Godefroy. Davidovits, Davidovits, Joseph (2006). La L a Bible avait raison, ra ison, Tome Tome 2: sur les traces trac es de Moïse Moïse et de l’Exode. Paris: P aris: J.-C. J.-C. Godefroy. Davidovits, Davidovits, Joseph (2006). La nouvelle histoire des pyramides. Paris: J.-C. Godefroy.

http://www.davidovits.info/

Biography Background of Joseph Davidovits

International renown French Scientist, born in 1935, working in in France, Europe, USA, USA, Australia Australia and a nd China.



Author and co-author of more than 130 scientifical papers and conferences, and more than 50 patents. Archaeology

Joseph Davidovits has also presented different papers and studies in ceramics, ancient cement and roman concrete in several congresses in in archaeolog archae ologyy and archaeometry. arc haeometry. He is mainly well-known well-known by the general public for its theory on the method of building building the pyrami p yramids ds of Egypt E gypt with re-agglomerated re-agglomerated stones, say a natural limestone manufactured like a concrete. Member of the International Inte rnational Association Association of Egyptologis Egyptologists, ts, he presented presente d several conferences confere nces on ceramics, c eramics, blue faience, cements, pigments, pigments, and the analysis of pyramids pyramids stones at several severa l International Congresses of Egyptology Egyptology in 1979 (Grenoble, France), Franc e), 1982 (Toronto, Canada), 1988 (Cairo, Egypt), 2004 (Grenoble, France). Authors of several books: 1988, The Pyramids: An Enigma Solved. 2002, Ils ont bâti les pyramides édition Jean-Cyrille Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, Gode froy, Paris, ISBN 2-86553-157-0. 2004, La nouvelle histoire des pyramides d’Egypte édition Jean-Cyrille Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, Paris, ISBN ISBN 2-86553-175-9. 2005, La Bible avait raison t.1, l’archéologie révèle l’existence des de s Hébreux en Égypte édition Jean-Cyrille Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, Paris Pa ris,, ISBN 2-86553-182-1. 2006, La Bible avait raison t.2, sur les traces trac es de Moïse Moïse et e t de l’Exode édition Jean-Cyrille Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, Paris, P aris, ISBN ISBN 2-86553-190-2. Education

French Degree in Chemical Engineering. Engineering. German Doctor Degree in Chemis Che mistry try (PhD). Professor and founder of the Institute for Applied Archaeological Sciences, Sciences, IAPAS I APAS,, Barry University, University, Miami ,Flori ,Florida, da, (1983-1989). Visiti Visiting ng Professor, Penn P enn State University, University, Pennsylvani Pen nsylvaniaa (1989-1991). Honorary Professor, Xian Universtity Universtity of Architecture and Technology, China (1999). 1979 to present: presen t: Professor and Director of the Geopolym Geo polymer er Institute , Saint-Quentin, France. France. 2001 to present: Research Director at CORDI-Géopolymère . Professional expertise

World expert in Modern and Ancient Cements. World expert in Geosynthesis and man-made rocks. Consultant (expert) to the European Union Commissi Commission. on. Inventor of Geopolymers and the chemis c hemistry try of Geopolymerization. Geopolymerization. Polyglot: English, French, German, Spanish, Latin, Ancient Greek, Hieroglyphs


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International Association of Egyptologists New York Academy of Sciences American Concrete Institute (former member) American Chemical Society (former member) American Ceramic Society (former member) International Scientific Awards

NASTS Gold Ribbon, awarded at the National Press Club, Washington DC, Sept. 26, 1994, by the National Academy of Engineering, The Federation of Materials Societies and the National Association for Science, Technology and Society. Honorary Membership awarded by the National Noise Observatory of the Czech Republic (Narodni Hlukova Observator CR), Prague (Czech Republic), 04 Nov. 2005

http://www.geopolymer.org/category/archaeology/pyramids/

What is a geopolymer? Introduction

The remarkable achievements made through geosynthesis and geopolymerisation include mineral polymers (geopolymers), flexible ceramics which transform like plastics at low temperatures, ceramic composite made at room temperature or thermoset in a simple autoclave, concrete which after 4 hours has higher strength and durability than the best currently-used concrete. Resulting from this are industrial applications which, while using ceramics as the basic material, no longer need heavy equipment and high temperatures. Geopolymers enable product designers to envisage the use of ceramic type materials with the same facility as some plastics and organic polymers. The Geopolymer Institute not only coordinates the fundamental research in mineral polymer chemistry, but also promotes applied research made with industrial companies ( see the Proceedings of Géoplymère 2005 ). Because the range of applications is too vast, we only show the most interesting and innovative products. This insight will reveal how geopolymers can improve and change our daily life. Joseph Davidovits , the inventor and developer of geopolymerization, coined the term “geopolymer” in 1978 to classify the newly discovered geosynthesis that produces inorganic polymeric materials now used for a number of industrial applications. If you want more information go to the Geopolymer Library and download the papers #12 J. Thermal Analysis and #3 NASTS award for scientific information, and #10 From ancient concretes to Geopolymers for general information.



http://www.geopolymer.org/category/archaeology/pyramids/

Pyramids (3) The formula, the invention of stone

Why do geologists see nothing? This is due to the geological glue, which, though artificial, is seen by the geologists either as an impurity, and therefore useless to study, or as a natural binder. At best, the analysis tools and the working methods of geologists consider the glue as a perfectly natural “micritic binder”. A geologist not informed of geopolymer chemistry will assert with good faith that the stones are natural. The chemical formula: People think that because we use chemicals, it is very easy to find these ingredients in the final product. This is wrong. Thanks to the geopolymer chemistry, the chemical reaction generates natural elements, minerals that can be analysed as natural if scientists are not aware of their artificial nature. During geosynthesis kaolinite clay (naturally included in the Giza limestone) first reacts with caustic soda (see chemical formula 2). To manufacture this caustic soda, one uses Egyptian natron (sodium carbonate) and lime (coming from plant ashes) (see chemical formula 1). The so obtained soda will react with clay. The most interesting point is that this chemical reaction creates also pure limestone (calcite) as well as hydrosodalite (a mineral of the feldspathoids or zeolites family). But, the mixture is still quite caustic. In order to neutralize it, one adds a special salt called carnallite (magnesium chloride) easily found in evaporites, in saline deposits like natron but not at the same place (see chemical formula 3 and 4). The re-agglomerated stone binder is the result of this geosynthesis (a geopolymer) that creates several natural minerals: limestone (calcite), hydrated feldspars (feldspathoid, mica-chlorite), magnesite and halite. We understand why geologists can easily be misled.





dissolved in large, Nile-fed pools until it became a watery slurry. Lime from fireplace ash and salt were mixed in with it. The water evaporated, leaving a moist, clay-like mixture. This wet “concrete” would have been carried to the site and packed into wooden moulds where it would set hard in a few days. Mr Davidovits and his team at the Geopolymer Institute at Saint-Quentin tested the method recently, producing a large block of concrete limestone in ten days. New support for their case came from Guy Demortier, a materials scientist at Namur University in Belgium. Originally a sceptic, he told the French magazine that a decade of study had made him a convert: “The three majestic Pyramids of Cheops, Khephren and Mykerinos are well and truly made from concrete stones.” The concrete theorists also point out differences in density of the pyramid stones, which have a higher mass near the b ottom and bubbles near the top, like old-style cement blocks. Opponents of the theory dispute the scientific evidence. They also say that the diverse shapes of the stones show that moulds were not used. They add that a huge amount of limestone chalk and burnt wood would have been needed to make the concrete, while the Egyptians had the manpower to hoist all the natural stone they wanted. The concrete theorists say that they will be unable to prove their theory conclusively until the Egyptian authorities give them access to substantial samples.

http://www.amazon.com/Pyramids-Enigma-Solved-Joseph-Davidovits/dp/0880295554

The Pyramids: An Enigma Solved by

Joseph Davidovits, Margie Morris



Joseph DAVIDOVITS' US Patents

5,925,449 --- Method for bonding fiber reinforcement on concrete and steel structures and resultant products 5,798,307 --- Alkaline alumino-silicate geopolymeric matrix for composite materials with fiber reinforcement and method for obtaining same 5,539,140 --- Method for obtaining a geopolymeric binder allowing to stabilize, solidify and consolidate toxic or waste materials 5,352,427 --- Geopolymeric fluoro-alumino-silicate binder and process for obtaining it 5,349,118 --- Method for obtaining a geopolymeric binder allowing to stabilize, solidify and consolidate toxic or waste materials 5,342,595 --- Process for obtaining a geopolymeric alumino-silicate and products thus obtained 5,288,321 --- Method for eliminating the alkali-aggregate reaction in concretes and cement thereby obtained 4,888,311 --- Ceramic-ceramic composite material and production method 4,859,367 --- Waste solidification and disposal method 4,509,985 --- Early high-strength mineral polymer 4,472,199 --- Synthetic mineral polymer compound of the silicoaluminates family and preparation process 4,349,386 --- Mineral polymers and methods of making them 4,028,454 --- Process for agglomerating compressible mineral substances under the form of powder, particles or fibres 4,000,027 --- Process of manufacturing panels composed of units in, for example, ceramic, assembled by a thermoplastic material 3,985,925 --- Composite floor coverings 3,950,470 --- Process for the fabrication of sintered panels and panels resulting from the application of this process



Joseph Davidovits September 18, 1984

A mineral polymer of the silicoaluminate family has a composition expressed in terms of oxides as follows: where, in the fully hydrated form, "w" is a value at the most equal to 4, "x" is a value in the range of about 4.0 to about 4.2, and "y" is a value in the range of about 1.3 to about 1.52. These mineral polymers are solid solutions which comprise one phase of a potassium polysilicate having the formula: and one phase of a potassium polysialate polymer having the following formula: ##STR1## where "n" is the degree of condensation of the polymer. Abstract ---

Current U.S. Class: 106/813 ; 106/286.2; 106/286.5; 106/600; 106/638; 264/319; 264/333; 423/328.2; 501/153 Current International Class: C04B 12/00 (20060101); C01B 33/00 (20060101); C04B 35/63 (20060101); C01B 33/26 (20060101) Field of Search: 423/118,327-330 264/299,313,333 106/288B,85,86,286.2,286.5 252/455Z 501/1,80,153 502/60 U.S. Patent Documents: 2972516 // 3012853 // 3056654 // 4349386 Other References:

"IUPAC International Symposium on MacroMolecules", Stockholm 1976, Topic III. . "PACTECIV", Society of Plastic Engineers, U.S.A. preprint pp. 151-154. . Chemical Abstract 86:19049v, Synthetic Kaliophilite, Zhukova, R. S.; Begletsov, V. V., (USSR), Khim Tekrol, (Kiev), 1976, (3), 63-4. . Barrer, R. M. "Some Researches on Silicates: Mineral Syntheses and Metamorphoses", Transactions of the British Ceramic Soc., vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 155-173, 1957.. Description

This invention relates to a mineral polycondensation process for making cast or molded products at temperatures generally up to about



better than ceramic materials. Its composition expressed in terms of oxides is as follows: where "x" has a value in the range of about 3.3 to about 4.5, and "y" has a value in the range of about 0.9 to about 1.6. These polymer compounds are solid solutions comprising one phase of a potassium polysilicate with the formula: and one phase of a K--PS polysialate with the formula: ##STR9## The potassium silico-aluminate reactant mixture described above becomes a mineral resin which can be mixed with at least one mineral and/or organic filler, and used as a binder or cement. These mixtures may also include such additives and fillers as dyestuffs, pigments, reinforcement fibers and water-repelling agents. Polycondensation and setting occur in the range of room temperature up to 120.degree. C. Molded objects of this invention have many uses, depending on the physical, mechanical or chemical properties required. They can be used in industries such as the building industry and may also be used as decoration, taking the form of objects, molds, tools, blocks and panels. These molded objects may support several physicochemical, physical or mechanical post-treatments, as well as finishing or coating operations. If necessary, the molded objects can be heated to a temperature of at least 325.degree. C. One obtains ceramic-like products having excellent thermal and dimensional stability.

US Patent # 4,509,985 Early high-strength mineral polymer Davidovits , et al. April 9, 1985



As plotted in Table II, the polysialate geopolymer/slag mixture yields to very low volume change characteristics that are normal and typical of polysialate geopolymers, such as a shrinkage in air after 2 months, as low as 0.015 compared with the value for regular Portland Cement (0.074). The foregoing embodiments have been given for the purpose of disclosure and changes can be made therein which are within the spirit of the invention as defined by the scope of the appended claim.

Some Google Search Results

Ancient Egyptians built Pyramids with concrete blocks, scientists ... Despite mounting support from scientists, Egyptologists have rejected the concrete claim, first made in the late 1970s by Joseph Davidovits, ... www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13509-2480751,00.html Ancient Egyptians built Pyramids with concrete blocks, scientists ... Mr Davidovits and his team at the Geopolymer Institute at Saint-Quentin tested the method recently, producing a large block of concrete limestone in ten ... www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-2480751,00.html Archaeology Directory at Geopolymer Institute If you are looking for Joseph Davidovits books, please visit his ... Many ancient Roman concrete buildings are still in use after more than 2000 years. ... www.geopolymer.org/category/archaeology/ - 19k Papers discussing Davidovits’ pyramid theory Great Pyramid debate, Davidovits, J., CONCRETE INTERNATIONAL, VOL. 14, N°2, PP. 17-18, (1992), AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE, USA. Mégalithes et Pyramides: du ... www.geopolymer.org/library/papers-discussing-davidovits-pyramid-theory - 19k GEOPOLYMERS Inorganic polymerie new materials J. Davidovits File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat 5 J. Davidovits, SPE PACI'EC '79, Society of Plastic Engineers, Brookfield Center, USA 1979, p. 151. 6 J. Davidovits, Concrete International: Design ... www.springerlink.com/index/X3702L5P11636887.pdf



announce.curtin.edu.au/release2005/c20905.html - 12k Did The Pharaohs Cheat With Concrete? "The finding supports a theory proposed by French geochemist Joseph Davidovits, who says Egyptians built the pyramids by pouring concrete into forms. ... www.science-frontiers.com/sf074/sf074a02.htm - 6k Joseph Davidovits » Milestones in geopolymers AU : Davidovits, J AF : Géopolymère, Saint-Quentin, France SO : CONCRETE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 16, N°12, PP. 53-58 (1994). TI : Geopolymers: Man-Made Rock ... www.davidovits.info/6/milestones-in-geopolymers - 20k Pyramids were built with concrete: Study This wet "concrete" would have been carried to the site and packed into wooden moulds where it would set hard in a few days. Davidovits and his team at the ... www.rediff.com/cms/print.jsp?docpath=//news/2006/dec/01look.htm - 6k Joseph Davidovits » Biography www.davidovits.info/joseph-davidovits-biography/ - 8k - Cached - Similar pages Pyramids, An Enigma Solved - The Egyptians used cast concrete to ... www.life-cycles-destiny.com/for/great-pyramid-egyptian-giza.htm - 20k World Mysteries - Joseph Davidovits Professor Joseph Davidovits proposes a stunning theory of pyramid construction ... were constructed using agglomerated stone (limestone cast like concrete), ... www.world-mysteries.com/pex_7.htm - 32k Concrete clue on pyramids | Science & nature | The Australian Concrete clue on pyramids. December 02, 2006 ... have rejected the claim about concrete, first made in the late 1970s by French chemist Joseph Davidovits. ... www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20857099-30417,00.html Amazon.com: The Pyramids: An Enigma Solved: Books: Joseph ... In fact they could make far better 'concrete' than any that we use today. ... Professor Davidovits is the only scientist to take them apart and reverse ... www.amazon.com/Pyramids-Enigma-Solved-Joseph-Davidovits/dp/0880295554 - 107k



concrete., April 3, 1998 ... www.amazon.com/Pyramids-Enigma-Solved-Joseph-Davidovits/dp/customer-reviews/0880295554 - 69k Philadelphia Inquirer | 12/01/2006 | Are the pyramids concrete? Previously, detractors of the concrete theory have said there weren't enough ... Moreover, after consulting with Davidovits, Barsoum said he thinks his ... www.philly.com/mld/philly/news/nation/16137891.htm - 28k Alternate Theories of Pyramid Construction Davidovits provides a brief summation:. I will demonstrate that the pyramid blocks are actually exceptionally high-quality limestone concrete -- synthetic ... www.catchpenny.org/theories.html - 17k Building the Pyramids with Chemstry Professor Davidovits will talk about how the Pyramids were built from re-agglomerated stones - a natural limestone made like concrete - not carved stones ... announce.curtin.edu.au/release2005/c20105.html CORDI-Géopolymère - Géopolymère '88 & '99 Tables of Content Fire Safety for Concrete Structures in Tunnels 16. Fire Proof Geopolymeric Cements Joseph Davidovits, Cordi-Géopolymère SA, Saint-Quentin, France ... www.cordi.geopolymere.com/proceedings_gp88-99-2005-content.htm - 29k Rhymes With Right This wet “concrete” would have been carried to the site and packed into wooden moulds where it would set hard in a few days. Mr Davidovits and his team at ... rhymeswithright.mu.nu/ - 268k Geopolymeric Agent for Immobilization of Radioactive Ashes after ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat Davidovits, J., Science in Egyptology Symp., 1984,. pp. 511 ! 520. 22. From Ancient Concrete to Geopolymers, Arts Metiers. Mag., 1993, no. 180, pp. ... www.springerlink.com/index/N266482212476383.pdf Nabataea: Concrete We thank Dr. Davidovits and the Geopolymer Institute for allowing us to use ... Cement and concrete are often thought of as the same thing, however, ...



TU Delft - Making Concrete without using Cement Following up on work of Davidovits, researchers Hardjito et al. presented an article ... Researchers showed that they could produce concrete like material, ... pages.ta.tudelft.nl/live/pagina.jsp?id=3f2b62fc-ac12-40e4-84e0-e3513099cb23&lang=en - 16k Egyptian pyramid construction techniques - Wikipedia, the free ... [edit] Limestone concrete theory. Materials scientist Joseph Davidovits has posited that the blocks of the pyramid are not carved stone, but mostly a form ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_pyramid_construction_techniques - 43k Hydration process of interfacial transition in potassium ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat Davidovits J. High alkali cements for 21st century concretes. In: Concrete Technology, Past, Present, and Future, SP-144. ACI, Detroit, MI, 1994, pp. ... www.atypon-link.com/TELF/doi/pdf/10.1680/macr.57.1.33.57865 DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML J. Davidovits, Douglas C. Comrie, John H. Paterson, and Douglas J. Ritcey. Geopolymeric concretes for environmental protection. Concrete International: ... www.cptechcenter.org/publications/sustainable/lisustainable.pdf ZNet Commentary: Of Pyramids and Skyscrapers Davidovits succeeded in resynthesizing the polymeric concrete of the ancient Egyptians in a modern laboratory. Whether it was 100000 or 1400 people who ... www.zmag.org/Sustainers/Content/2001-09%5C30raptis.cfm - 13k Abstract 8 Davidovits J. High alkali cements for 21st century concretes. In: Concrete Technology, Past, Present, and Future , SP-144. ACI, Detroit, MI, 1994, pp. ... www.atypon-link.com/TELF/doi/xml/10.1680/macr.57.1.33.57865 Pyramid blocks 'poured, not hauled' insists latest study - Irish ... Despite mounting support from scientists, Egyptologists have rejected the concrete claim, made in the 1970s by Joseph Davidovits, a French chemist. ... www.unison.ie/irish_independent/stories.php3?ca=10&si=1734625&issue_id=14959



Davidovits suggests that this. approach is necessary to prevent the possible ecological disaster from global warming. The. presence of MCRM in concrete is ... www.empa.ch/plugin/template/empa/*/10928/---/l= Microsoft PowerPoint - cocoa_2005.ppt File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Davidovits, J. Journal of Thermal Analysis 1991, 37, 1633. (2). Palomo, A.; de la Fuente, J. I. L. Cement and Concrete Research 2003, 33, 281. ... kriven.mse.uiuc.edu/recent/geopolymers/talks/cocoa_2005.pdf The Building of the Great Pyramid Dr. Davidovits is the modern patent holder of many geopolymeric rock-making or concrete processes and I talked at length with his co-author Marjorie Morris ... ezinearticles.com/?The-Building-of-the-Great-Pyramid&id=51916 - 42k High effective silica fume alkali activator File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Davidovits J 1993 Ceram. Trans. 37 165. Davidovits J 1994 High alkali cements for 21st century con-. cretes, Concrete technology past, present and future, ... www.ias.ac.in/matersci/bmsapr2004/179.pdf Roman Concrete Resources by David Moore Secrets of Roman Concrete is the focus of the September 2002 special issue of CONSTRUCTOR Magazine ... www.geopolymer.org web site by the Davidovits. ... www.romanconcrete.com/resources.htm - 47k Davidovits. J.. The ancient egyptian pyramids-concrete or Rock [J]. ... scholar.ilib.cn/abstract.aspx?A=zgfjskgydk200206003 Applications Of Geopolymer Technology To Waste Stabilization File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Moh's scale) (Davidovits and Davidovits, 1987). ... conventional concrete mixing technology, and ... high strength geopolymer concrete, the soil set ... www.p2pays.org/ref/14/13863.pdf Impact behavior and microstructural characteristics of PVA fiber ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat



www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/jmsc/2006/00000041/00000010/00006293 Concrete Pyramids [19] Wenskus, J., ”Did the Pharaohs Cheat with Concrete?” R&D Magazine, Dec 1990, p5. [20] Davidovits, J. and Morris, M. The Pyramids, Dorset Press, 1988, ... www.bonisteelml.org/ConcretePyramid1.htm - 37k Egyptian pyramids actually made of synthetic stone? "Dr. Joseph Davidovits said that the synthetic pyramid stone was made with cement far stronger than ... which binds together the rock and sand in concrete. ... www.science-frontiers.com/sf054/sf054a02.htm - 7k Towards Making Pre-Mix Concrete Foolproof A John W Harrison, B.Sc ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML used by Davidovits (Davidovits 1994). In tec-cement concrete formulations many wastes containing silica and alumina such as fly ash and ground ... www.tececo.com/files/conference_papers/MakingPre-MixConcreteFoolproofUsingTec-CementTechnology310705.pdf Volcanic Ash in Ancient and Modern Construction — The Thera Foundation As there is evidence for ancient cement, there is also evidence for even more ancient concrete. According to Davidovits (1987), Farkas (1985) and Starr ... www.therafoundation.org/articles/technology/volcanicashinancientandmodernconstruction - 55k STUDIES ON REINFORCED LOW – CALCIUM FLY ASH – BASED GEOPOLYMER ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Davidovits, J. (1994) “High-Alkali Cements for 21. st. Century Concretes. in. Concrete Technology, Past, Present and Future.” In proceedings of V. Mohan ... www.en.kku.ac.th/sirdc/pcg/images/stories/Pdf/8pcg_2...pdf Concrete International Davidovits says that the pyramids were constructed from synthetic stones made of geopolymeric concrete. To support this theory, he has produced a concrete ... www.concreteinternational.com/pages/Index.asp?IssueID=243&DepartmentId= Cambridge 02138 - Harvard Magazine (September-October 2003) Mark Lehnerreplies: Davidovits's hypothesis does not stand up to on-siteobservations. First, if concrete, the blocks certainly were not pouredin molds, ...



MICROSTRUCTURE AND MICROCHEMISTRY OF FULLY-REACTED GEOPOLYMERS ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML J. Davidovits, “Method for Bonding Fiber Reinforcement on Concrete and. Steel Structures and Resultant Products, U.S Pat. No. 5925449, July 20 ... kriven.mse.uiuc.edu/recent/geopolymers/papers/CESP%202003.pdf Egyptian pyramid construction techniques: Information from Answers.com Limestone concrete theory. Materials scientist Joseph Davidovits has posited that the blocks of the pyramid are not carved stone, but mostly a form of ... www.answers.com/topic/egyptian-pyramid-construction-techniques - 66k Increasing Coal Fly Ash Use in Cement and Concrete Through ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat The use of coal fly ash as a cement replacement in concrete is the most ... Davidovits, J. 1994. Global warming impact on the cement and aggregates ... taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/index/HXRBAH4D1V1UX7QW.pdf Davidovits., Niclos. European Patent PCT/FR87/00396. ?15?Roy D W, Tamas F D. Proceedings of a conference on hydrolytic cement and concrete ... www.wanfangdata.com.cn/qikan/periodical.Articles/zgfjskgydk/zgfj2002/0206/020603.htm Davidovits J. Recent progresses in concretes for nuclear waste and uranium waste containment[J]. Concrete International, 1994.16(12) :53-58. ... www.wanfangdata.com.cn/qikan/periodical.Articles/jzclxb/jzcl2003/0303/030304.htm Siloxo -Technology : Geopolymer - Antiquity *Adapted from: Davidovits, J., "Ancient and modern concretes: What is the real difference?," Concrete International, vol. 9, 1987, pp. 23-35. ... www.siloxo.com/technology.htm - 12k Center for By-Products Utilization File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Blended Cements”, Cement and Concrete Research, 2002, pp. 1937-1942. 9. Davidovits, J., “High-alkali Cements for 21. st. Century Concretes”, Concrete ... www.uwm.edu/Dept/CBU/Papers/2004%20CBU%20Reports/CBU-2004-06.pdf Douglas C Comrie



waste remediation ... www.chem-mod.com/Doug%20Comrie%20Bio.pdf Cement Association of Canada Concrete is required for a pavement that will be exposed to moisture and ... on the polymerization of minerals (Davidovits, Davidovits and James 1999). ... www.cement.ca/.../e/3156a47568d2612c85256a9000614896?OpenDocument&Start=1&Count=30&Expand=1 - 58k THE BEHAVIOUR OF GEOPOLYMER PASTE AND CONCRETE AT ELEVATED ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML P.K. Mehta (2002) "Greening of the concrete industry for sustainable. development", ACI Concrete International, 24(7), 23-28. 4. J. Davidovits (1993) ... www.en.kku.ac.th/sirdc/pcg/images/stories/Pdf/11PCG_19...pdf DEVELOPMENT AND PROPERTIES OF LOW-CALCIUM FLY ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMER ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat compressive strength of hardened concrete. Davidovits (2002) suggested that it is preferable to mix the sodium silicate solution ... espace.lis.curtin.edu.au/archive/00000623/01/Research_Report_GC1-_2005.pdf Concrete International To support this theory, he has produced a concrete that matches the pyramid stones and has accumulated other pertinent evidence. Davidovits discusses his ... www.concreteinternational.com/pages/featured_article.asp?ID=3735 APOTHECARY'S DRAWER WEBLOG: December 2001 This is not, however, a new idea; Professor Joseph Davidovits has been postulating this since the 1980s. See Are Pyramids Made out of Concrete? at the ... www.raygirvan.co.uk/apoth/though11.htm - 22k A New Way to Reduce Global Warming — geopolymeric cement The price of geopolymeric cement/concrete can be competitive with that of Portland ... The Geopolymer Institute Dr. Joseph Davidovits [email protected] ... www.welcomenews.net/geopolymer.html - 8k Pharoah Crete - Further Information It's not a competition between geopolymers and concrete. ... Geopolymer Institute in France, operated by Joseph Davidovits, the author of "The Pyramids: An ...



Curtin NewsBytes: Egypt – The origin of gyprock? For the next 12 years, Davidovits researched Egyptian civilisations to ... "It is a natural replacement for concrete: the manufacture of one metric tonne ... newsbytes.curtin.edu.au/archive/feature-a/fa_Novgyprock.html - 12k LOW-CALCIUM FLY ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE: LONG-TERM PROPERTIES File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML In this respect, the geopolymer technology proposed by Davidovits (1988a; 1988b). shows considerable promise for application in concrete industry as an ... espace.lis.curtin.edu.au/archive/00000842/01/Research_Report_GC2__2006.pdf ABSTRACT. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Davidovits [7] paints a more depressing picture and. points out that if all the fly ash produced was fully utilised in concrete this would only ... www.ukqaa.org.uk/Papers/DundeeCongressEnvBenefitsofPFASearSept2002.pdf Sustainability and Performance as Key Factors for the Development ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Davidovits J., Comrie D.C., Paterson J.H. and Ritcey D.J., “Geopolymeric Concretes for Environmental Application”, Concrete International, vol. ... www.uwm.edu/Dept/CBU/Papers/2005%20CBU%20Reports/CBU-2005-17.pdf The Role of Concrete Post Kyoto – The Unrecognized Sequestration ... File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML This paper demonstrates the potential of the concrete industry to deliver a large ... paper published in World Resources Review in 1994 (Davidovits 1994). ... www.tececo.com/files/conference_papers/RoleofConcretePostKyotoUnrecognisedSequestrationSolution050805.pdf World Mysteries - Popular Experts and Authors Professor Joseph Davidovits is international renown French scientist, ... pyramids were constructed using agglomerated stone (limestone cast like concrete), ... www.world-mysteries.com/pex.htm - 49k The Cheops mystery targeted with neutrons File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML French professor Joseph. Davidovits is convinced that. the pyramids were built. using blocks of cast stone. made in much the

Joseph Davidovits_ Geopolymers

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