IP Addressing Addressing and Subnetting Exercise Prepared Prepa red By: Class: Roll No:
Waqas Yasir CCNA !
"uestion #$ Write the de%ault subnet &as's for the Class A, Class B and Class C IP addresses. Ans(er:
For Class A: For Class B: For Class C:
255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0
"uestion #)$ How we can distinguish Class A, Class B, Class C, Class and Class ! IP addresses fro" each other. Write the range o% %irst octet in binary and deci*al for all the 5 IP address classes. Ans(er: Class A B C 0 E
Address $+$+$+ )-$+$+$+ .)$+$+$+ ))1$+$+$+ )1+$+$+$+
"uestion # /$
Write Write the default su#net $as%s for the following IP addresses. a. &00.&00.225.&00 #. 200.0.0.2 c. &'0.().&&5.0 d. &'2.&&.*'.2 e.&0&.).+0.0
Ans(er: a2 ),,$+$+$+ b2 ),,$),,$),,$+ c2 ),,$),,$+$+ d2 ),,$),,$),,$+ e2 ),,$+$+$+
Ending Address !)$),,$),,$),, .$),,$),,$),, )//$),,$),,$),, )/.$),,$),,$),, ),,$),,$),,$),,
"uestion # 1$ Write down the three aaila#le ranges for assigning Pri3ate IP addresses reco""ended #- IAA /Internet Assigned u"#er Authorit-. Ans(er: Address Bloc's +$+$+$+ 4 +$),,$),,$),,$ !)$ !)$5$+ 5$+$+ $+ 4 !)$/ !)$/$), $),,$) ,$),, ,, .)$5-$+$+ 4 .)$5-$),,$),, .)$5-$),,$ ),,
"uestion # ,$
What do we "ean ## - 1oo#ac% address. Write down a 1oo#ac% address and its use. Ans(er:
The loopback interface is not a physical interface and has no hardware associated with it. It is a software interface that is always reachable regardless of the physical interface status. RFC3513 denes the loopback interface address as !! !!! !! !! !! !! !1" 1" or !!1 !!1 in cond conden ense sed d for#. for#. $n I%&' I%&' node node us uses es the the loop loopba back ck interface to send packets to itself. The standard prohibits a node fro# forwarding a packet with a destination address of a loopback.
"uestion #5$ What is the difference #etween a broadcast address and Net(or' address 3 Wh- the all 4eros and all ones addresses are usuall- not assigned as host IP addresses3 Ans(er:
Netwo Network rk addres address s This This is the design designati ation on used used in routin routing g to send send packets to a remote network for for e(a# e(a#pl ple" e" 1 1. .. .. ."" 1) 1)*. *.1' 1'. .. ."" and and 1+*.1',.1.. Broadcast address The address used by applications applications and hosts to send infor#ation to all nodes on a network is called the broadcast address . -(a#ples include *55.*55.*55.*55" which is all networks"all nodes 1)*.1'.*55.*55" which is all subnets and hosts on network 1)*.1'.. and 1.*55.*55.*55" 1.*55.*55.*55" which broadcasts to all subnets and hosts on network 1....
"uestion # )$ A "as% is used to distinguish how "an- #its are there in etwor% I ortion and how "an- are in host host I ortion. ortion. We can extract the Net(or' Address fro" fro" the gien gien IP address address using t6e *as' . /Assu"e that no su#netting is done. !tract the networ% address fro" the following IP addresses:
&*'.65.225.( 20&.*5.20.&+ &'0.().&&5.6 d. &'2.&&.*'.2 e. &0.).+0.0
a. #. c.
Ans(er: a: It #elongs to class B/&67#it so 2 ortion is for networ% address and 2 ortion is for hosted address. b: It #elongs to class C/2(7#it so * ortion is for networ% address and & ortion is for hosted address. c: It #elongs to class B/&67#it so 2 ortion is for for networ% address and 2 ortion is for hosted address. d: It #elongs to class C/2(7#it so * ortion is for networ% address and & ortion is for hosted address. e: It #elongs to class A/+7#it so & ortion is for networ% address and * ortion is for hosted a ddress.
"uestion # - . A broadcast address is the one that addresses to all the hosts in an- networ%. 8tate that to create a #roadcast address, all the #its of networ% I ortion, or all the the #its of host I ortion are set to &3 Write Write down the #roadc #roadcast ast addres addresses ses of the networ networ%s %s to which which the follow following ing IP addresses addresses #elong. #elong. /o su#netting f. &*'.65.225.( g. 20&.*5.20.&+ h. &'0.().&&5.6 i. &'2.&&.*'.2 9. .&0.).+0.0 Ans(er:
First of all find networ% address of each address then find #roadcast of that networ%. '.
In subnetting , we actuall- #orrow so"e #its of Host I to #e used as 8u#net I. !ach 8u#net I is used to identifidentif- a uniue su#net su#net and each host I is used to identif- a uniue host within a su#net. If -ou add "ore #its to the su#net I ortion, then the hosts er su#net will increase or decrease3
Ans(er: If we add "ore #its to the su#net su#ne t I ortion, then the hosts er su#net will #e decrease.
"uestion # +$ Subnet &as' or or Custo" "as% tells us that how "an- #its are used for 8u#net I ortion and how "an- for host I ortion. ;e"e"#er, that in a su#net "as%, we lace &s against all networ% I and su#net I #its and 0s against all the host I #its. Identif- how "an- #its are used for su#netting in the following IP address using its su#net "as%: %. l. ". n. o. . . r. s.
IP Address: &*'.65.225.( IP Address: &*'.65.225.( IP Address: 20&.*5.20.&+ IP Address: 20&.*5.20.&+ IP Address: &'0.().&&5.6 IP Address: &'0.().&&5.6 &'2.&& &.*'. .*'.2 2 IP Address: &'2.& IP Address: &'2.& &'2.&& &.*'. .*'.2 2 IP Address: &0 & 0.).+0.0
Subnet &as': 255.255.22(.0 Subnet &as': 255.255.2(+.0 Subnet &as': 255.255.255.&2+ Subnet &as': 255.255.255.2(0 Subnet &as': 255.255.&2+.0 Subnet &as': 255.255.252.0 Subnet &as': 255.255.255.&'2 Subnet &as': 255.255.255.22( Subnet &as': 255.2(0.0.0
7$ IP Address: &0 &0.).+0.0
Subnet &as': 255.255.&2+.0
Ans(er:
28 IP Address: &*'.65.225.( Bits %or Subnet Subne t I0 Portion: Porti on: . Bits %or ost I0 Portion: /
Subnet &as': 255.255.22(.0 9 9 $ $ $ $ 00000.000000002 9 &&&&&&&&.&&&&&&&&.&&&+++++$++++++++2
)2$ IP Address: &*'.65.225.( Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: ) Bits %or ost I0 Portion:
Subnet &as': 255.255.2(+.0
/2$ IP Address: 20&.*5.20.&+ Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: ), Bits %or ost I0 Portion: !
Subnet &as': 255.255.255.&2+
12$ IP Address: 20&.*5.20.&+ Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: )Bits %or ost I0 Portion: 1
Subnet &as': 255.255.255.2(0
,2$ IP Address: &'0.().&&5.6 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: ! Bits %or ost I0 Portion: ,
Subnet &as': 255.255.&2+.0
52$ IP Address: &'0.().&&5.6 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: )) Bits %or ost I0 Portion: +
Subnet &as': 255.255.252.0
!2$ IP Address: Address: &'2.&&.*'.2 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: )5 Bits %or ost I0 Portion: 5
Subnet &as': 255.255.255.&'2
-2$ IP Address: Address: &'2.&&.*'.2 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: )! Bits %or ost I0 Portion: ,
Subnet &as': 255.255.255.22(
.2$ IP Address: &0.).+0.0 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: ) Bits %or ost I0 Portion: )+
Subnet &as': 255.2(0.0.0
+2$ IP Address: &0.).+0.0 Bits %or Subnet I0 Portion: ! Bits %or ost I0 Portion: ,
Subnet &as': 255.255.&2+.0
"uestion # $ !tract the Net(or' Addresses of the gien IP addresses in uestion nu"#er &0, using the su#net "as%s gien with the". /;e"e"#er that anding the IP address with the $as% etracts the networ% address fro" the gien IP address. Ans(er:
the first networ%.> All hosts in the &0.0.0.0 networ% will hae the sa"e networ% #its.
"uestion # )$ 8ecif- a suita#le Subnet &as' for the following cases: /?ou hae to decide how "an- #its should #e ta%en as su#net I fro" the host I ortion to satisf- the reuired nu"#er of su#nets. Ans(er:
&.
Class A etwor% with &0 su#nets ),,$)1+$+$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
2.
Class B etwor% with &20 su#nets ),,$),,$),1$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
*.
Class B etwor% with &* su#nets ),,$),,$)1+$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
(.
Class C etwor% with 20 su#nets ),,$),,$),,$)1- is Suitable Subnet &as'$
5.
Class A etwor% with &&&5 su#nets ),,$),,$))1$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
6.
Class A etwor% with 5000 su#nets ),,$),,$)1-$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
).
Class B etwor% with 500 su#nets ),,$),,$)-$+ is Suitable Subnet &as'$
+.
Class C etwor% with 2& su#nets ),,$),,$),,$)1- is Suitable Subnet &as'
"uestion # /$ 8uose -ou hae a class B etwor% &)2.&2&.225.0. ?our ?our tas% is to design a subnet sc6e*e so that we can create /+ Net(or' seg*ents /su#nets within this etwor%.
Ans(er: $ How "an- #its would -ou use for the su#net I3 )1 bits (ould be used by Subnet I0$ )$ How "an- #its would -ou use for the Host I3 - bits (ould be used by ost I0$ /$ How "an- "ai"u" ossi#le su#nets will #e there3 ),5 Subnet are Possible$ 1$ How "an- "ai"u" ossi#le hosts will #e there in each su#net3 ),5 ost per Subnet is Possible$ ,$ Write down the 8u#net $as% of -our sche"e. ),,$),,$),,$+ 5$ Write Write down the first alid IP address, last alid IP address and the #roadcast address of the
"uestion # 1$ 8uose -ou hae a class C etwor% 206.'(.&&5.0. ?our ?our tas% tas% is to design a subnet sc6e*e so that we can create 1 Net(or' seg*ents /su#nets within this etwor%. !ach su#net should suort +8) 6osts. Ans(er:
&. How "an- #its would -ou use for the su#net I3 )- bits (ould be used as Subnet I0$ 2. How "an- #its would -ou use for the Host I3 )1 bits (ould be used as ost I0$ *. How "an- "ai"u" ossi#le su#nets will #e there3
5 possible Subnets
(. How "an- "ai"u" ossi#le hosts will #e there in each su#net3 5 osts per Subnet
5. Write down the 8u#net $as% of -our sche"e. ),,$),,$),,$)1+
"uestion # ,$ ?ou ?ou 9oined an I8P and -our first assign"ent to distri#ute the &60.&6.0.0 @&6 address a"ong these #loc%s of custo"ers as follows: a.
$ )$ /$
Subnets )++ 1++ )+1-
osts )5 1
